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Pearl Harbor National Wildlife Refuge U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Draft Comprehensive Conservation Plan and Environmental Assessment Refuge Wildlife HarborPearl National U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service O‘ahu National Wildlife Refuge Complex 66-590 Kamehamea Highway, Rm 2C Pearl Harbor Hale‘iwa, Hawai‘i 96712 National Wildlife Refuge Phone: 808/637-6330 Fax: 808/828-6634 http://www.fws.gov Draft Comprehensive Conservation Plan National Wildlife Refuge System Information and Environmental Assessment 1 800/344 WILD August 2010 The mission of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is working with others to conserve, protect, and enhance fish, wildlife, and plants and their habitats for the continuing benefit of the American people. Cover Photos: Waiawa Unit wetland/Laura Beauregard, USFWS Ae‘o/Laura Beauregard, USFWS ‘Alae ke‘oke‘o chick/Mike Silbernagle, USFWS August ‘Ewa hinahina/USFWS 2010 Pearl Harbor National Wildlife Refuge Ka Nu‘ukia He lei momi. He pu‘uhonua a ka¯kou… Ma ka lihikai o Pearl Harbor i nalo ai na¯ pa¯lielie o Honouliuli a me Wahiawa i na ho‘omohala ku¯kulu kaianoho no na¯ kanaka, a he pu‘uhonua nui loa ho‘i e like no ho‘i me ka nui o ka nakilinaka o Alika. He waiwai nui ho‘i ke¯ia mau wahi elua no na¯ manu leleaoa a me na manu wai ‘o Hawai‘i nei. Na¯na¯ no ho‘i na¯ i kanaka hoihoi loa i ke kilo manu in a¯ manu mai ka Wahi Kilo Manu o Betty Bliss mai, a e lilo pu ho‘i lakou i ho‘okahi me na¯ mea ola o ka aina. Ho‘ohui ho‘i na¯ ha‘awina pilina nohona aina i na¯ haumana opio me na¯ aina pa¯lielie wai/kai, na¯ holoholona on ka aina, a me na ‘ike nohona ho‘oilina. He wahi lua‘ole o Kalaeloa no ko¯na mau meakanu aina malo‘o a me na¯ ‘a¯papa ako‘ako‘a i laha i ke kai malo‘o, a he kumuwaiwai kulohelohe nui ho‘i no ka lawelawe like ‘ana no na oihana ma¯lama i na¯ mea ola ‘o ia ‘a¯ina. Moani ho‘i ke ‘ala o ka mai‘apilo ma luna o na kumu wiliwili. Nui a lehulehu ho‘i na ‘Opea‘ula ma na¯ puna wai loko pa‘a. Ho‘okipa aku ho‘i na¯ huihuina kala o na¯ hinahina o ‘Ewa i na¯ lima ko¯kua i ka ho‘omohala ha‘awina ma¯lama ‘a¯ina, ke ko¯kua ma¯lama mo‘aukala, a me ka ho‘okumu i na¯ polokalamu ko¯kua ho‘opulapula ‘a¯ina no ka ho¯‘ike ‘ana aku i na¯ malihini i ka nani o na kula kahakai o ‘Ewa nei e like no ho‘i ka na¯na¯ ‘ana o ia ‘a¯ina me ko ka wa¯ ma mua loa. Vision Statement “...a string of pearls offering refuge to nature...” Hidden along the shoreline of Pearl Harbor, surrounded by urban development, the Honouliuli and Waiawa wetlands offer oases for migratory birds from as far as the Arctic Tundra while providing all life requirements for Hawaiian waterbirds. Avid birdwatchers gaze into the Refuge from the Betty Bliss Observation Deck, reconnecting with nature. Environmental education links our youth to wetland ecology, native wildlife, and cultural heritage. Kalaeloa, a unique coastal dryland plant and exposed coral reef community, serves as a model for a collaborative approach to natural resource management. Night blooming maiapilo perfume the air among beautiful wiliwili trees. ‘O¯pae‘ula flourish in the protective anchialine pools. A mosaic of silvery ‘Ewa hinahina greets volunteers who sustain environmental education, historical preservation, and habitat restoration programs to allow visitors a glimpse of the coastal ‘Ewa Plain as it was long ago. Honouliuli wetland/©Laura Beauregard, USFWS Pearl Harbor National Wildlife Refuge Draft Comprehensive Conservation Plan and Environmental Assessment Prepared by: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service O‘ahu National Wildlife Refuge Complex 66-590 Kamehameha Highway, Room 2C Hale‘iwa, Hawai‘i 96712 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Pacific Islands Planning Team 300 Ala Moana Boulevard, Room 5-231 Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96850 August 2010 Pearl Harbor National Wildlife Refuge Draft Comprehensive Conservation Plan and Environmental Assessment Comprehensive Conservation Plans provide long-term guidance for management decisions and set forth goals, objectives, and strategies needed to accomplish refuge purposes and identify the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service’s best estimates of future needs. These plans detail program planning levels that are sometimes substantially above current budget allocations and, as such, are primarily used for strategic planning and program prioritization purposes. The plans do not constitute a commitment for staffing increases, operational and maintenance increases, or funding for future land acquisition. Pearl Harbor National Wildlife Refuge Draft Comprehensive Conservation Plan and Environmental Assessment Table of Contents Reader’s Guide .................................................................................................................................... ix Chapter 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 Proposed Action ................................................................................................................... 1-1 1.2 Purpose and Need for the CCP ........................................................................................... 1-2 1.3 Content and Scope of the CCP ........................................................................................... 1-2 1.4 Planning and Management Guidance ................................................................................ 1-3 1.4.1 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Mission ....................................................................... 1-3 1.4.2 National Wildlife Refuge System ................................................................................. 1-4 1.4.3 National Wildlife Refuge System Mission and Goals .................................................. 1-4 1.4.4 National Wildlife Refuge System Administration Act ................................................. 1-4 1.5 Relationship to Previous and Future Refuge Plans .......................................................... 1-5 1.5.1 Previous Plans .............................................................................................................. 1-5 1.5.2 Future Planning ............................................................................................................ 1-6 1.6 Refuge Establishment and Purposes .................................................................................. 1-6 1.6.1 General ......................................................................................................................... 1-6 1.6.2 Pearl Harbor NWR Purposes Background ................................................................... 1-6 1.6.3 Refuge Purpose Statement ............................................................................................ 1-7 1.7 Refuge Goals ......................................................................................................................... 1-8 1.8 Relationship to Ecosystem Planning Efforts ..................................................................... 1-9 1.9 Planning and Issue Identification ..................................................................................... 1-10 1.9.1 Issues to be Addressed in the CCP ............................................................................. 1-10 1.9.2 Issues Outside the Scope of the CCP/EA ................................................................... 1-11 Chapter 2: Alternatives, Goals, Objectives, and Strategies ......................................................... 2-1 2.1 Introduction.......................................................................................................................... 2-1 2.2 Development of Alternatives ............................................................................................... 2-1 2.3 Alternative Components Not Considered for Detailed Analysis ..................................... 2-1 2.3.1 Expansion of the Refuge .............................................................................................. 2-1 2.3.2 Expansion of Visitor Opportunities within the Fenced Areas of the Refuge ............... 2-2 2.3.3 No Mammalian Predator Removal ............................................................................... 2-2 2.3.4 Nonlethal Techniques to Remove Mammalian Predators ............................................ 2-2 2.3.5 Public Trapping and Hunting to Remove Mammalian Predators ................................. 2-2 2.4 Elements Common to All Alternatives .............................................................................. 2-3 2.4.1 Implementation Subject to Funding Availability ......................................................... 2-3 2.4.2 Interagency Coordination and Collaboration ............................................................... 2-3 2.4.3 Threatened and Endangered Species Protection and Recovery .................................... 2-3 2.4.4 Archaeological and Cultural Resource Protection........................................................ 2-3 2.4.5 Fire Management ......................................................................................................... 2-4 2.4.6 Volunteer Groups ......................................................................................................... 2-4 2.4.7 Participation in Planning and Review of Regional Development Activities ................ 2-4 2.4.8 Adaptive Management .................................................................................................. 2-4 2.4.9 Integrated Pest Management .......................................................................................
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