MAY 1957
MARSHALL CHESS CLUB CHAMPION
l :;e~ " New Y orle " in " W o r ld of Che .... pagel )
50 CENTS
... 4bsc:ription Rote ONE YEAR $5.50 From the "Amenities and Background of Chess-Play" by m Ewart Napier
The Incomparable Twins First Game 23 , . , Q- D5 be fol'e t he nook mo,'e is betlel', When PlIIs bu ry I'eached America afte r St, Pet ersburg. 1896 the 1896 Qu adl'ans ulal' event at St, P e, QUEEN'S GAMBIT DECLINED 23 R- Q2 R- B5 23 Q-B5 Q- BS 24 KR_Ql R- B6 25 K _N2 . , tersburg, w here he {ailed ilgainst St ein Pillsbury Dl" Lask~r . . Hz, while winning a majority of the glori, White Blacl; White ml ~se (1 ::6 Q- N l with drawing ous six gam e series from Champion Dr, hopes. 1 P_Q4 P-Q4 4 N_B3 P-B4 Lasker, I wall invJled to his lodging in 26 .. ., RxP ~! 2 P-QB4 P-K3 5 B_ N5 B P xP New Yor k, 27 Q-K6t K _R2 3 N-QB3 N- KB3 6 QxP N-B3 A fter congratula tions, his first q ues, The clll'laill goes down o n a b i ~ ban Ie. tion was " Of COIlI'Se , you saw the StH' not w ho lly free from such errol' as ('omes prlsing Quee n Ga m bit Declined 1.... 1s ker \\'ith t he llme,lImlt. wo n rrom me! I had. And what had been 28 KxR Q-B6t my re'ac tions? Althoug h I k new not e nough to II r glie t he point, I !l aid there mus t be something radically wrong wllh opening play tha t left Ihe King Dls hop at home for 21 moves and that a s a preachment on premature ilttilck, Uij well a s fOr PI'OfUIHJ!ty and beauty, it was the s martest of all gumes. He grinned. Nimbly, his li ttle ivol'y chessmen we re s et up at the s ixth move, and he 1)layed 7 BxN - a ll wltll a characteris tic look wh ich plainly meant " Wit h that blow, 7 Q-R4 B-K2 12 N _Q4 O-~ t he next time, if a ny , I'll hit him where 8 0-0-0 Q-R4 13 B,N B,B I m issed him bdol"e," \) P-K3 B-Q2 14 Q- RS N,N I became his c hopping block. 10 K_N1 P_K R3 ! 15 P xN B-K3 p,p p,p 1I1:l("k mates In fou l". I was t hen about !Ift een and It wOI'th r 11 16 P- B4 QR-Bl player, bllt not so good as I thought I 17 P- B5 RxN! ! C" mbrldge Springs, 1904 was , a cUng as a sort of proxy for Dr. 1'1ll ~ bury told me th ut the eX(IUlSne Laskel'! Howe ve r, I held the job ro J' (:ornb!nation hel'e initiated was the only T his i.. Pillsbu rr's la :< [ na~h 01 light, n ing: de;l(lly. d lr el"!. ,·iri le. eight ye;l1"s! ~l!lrt1ing and Il tte!'ly diabol ica l SUrprise We played the position whenever we he s uffered in all his cal'eer abl'oad. QU EEN'S GAMBI T DECLINED met, which w as ofte n: years we played 18 PxB , . it, here and a broad. It became a bore: . . Pillsbury Dr. Lasker Ul e me of a canal horse, White Black I s aid to P ills blll"y. "Isn'i it sllly to 1 P-Q4 P_Q4 4 N-B3 P_ B4? s uppose that Dr. Lasker, a. s hrewd gen· 2 P_QB4 P_ K S 5 B-N5 BPxP eral, will give YOII ; ~ return-engagement 3 N_QB3 N_KB3 6 QxP N_B3 at t his thing ? Same 1l0flition 11 11 In firSt galli€", Bul lhe big day came. 7 BxN PxB 19 P_B4! p ,p Al Cambl' ldge Springs, I got n p rrom 8 Q-R4 PxP 20 Q_Q4 ! my table to str etch, and met Pillsbmy, P- B3 or cOllrse, I knew he was playing OJ'. 9 R-Q1 B- Q2 21 QxP/ 4 Q- B4 10 P-K3 N_ K4 22 N-K5! Lasker. I kne w a lso in what wretched B- Kl P,N P_ B4 tlealth my h ero was , a \\"l'eck w!th lIot 11 N xN 23 N-N4 K _ B2 long to \i ve, a nd pa s t playing "hess, ex' 12 QxBP Q- N 3 24 Q-R6t QxP ? R_ B3 ce pt a s h is pract lse(1 hand might play it, 13 B-K2 2;' 8 - B4 ' 14 0-0 26 RxP t Q,R robot fashio n. A- B' 15 Q-Q3 R_B2 27 R_ B ' QxRt Said PlI1s bu l"Y, " He's gone illlO the 18 , ' , . R_QR6! 16 N_ K4 B_ K 2 28 KxQ B-Q2 Petersbur g thIng !" " And what did he T h iS sacrifice, a t o nce co rne l'lng a lld 17 N - Q6t K _B l 29 Q-R5t K_Nl pla y!" said J. Then, ,.. ith a gl' in t hat e XI)OSing Ihe King, has a n ex«lI ent claim 18 N _B4 Q-N5 30 N_K5 Resign' was in itseU no mean "'or k or art, he to oricina lhy: it has no Ce llo\\', so far a s s aid. " T a ke a. look ! It is, I guess, tile I know. o nly dawn sche me you neve!' tried!!" 19 PxPt R,P 21 B_N5 QxBt 20 PxR Q- N3t 22 K _ Rl R_B2
:-::--::::-:;::-;-~;:;-:;=C--:-=""7,--- t = ehe('k; l - dbl, ch eck; ~ = dis, ch. CHESS REVIEW 'HI p.eroa, eMUS MAOA"Hf Valumn 25 Number 5 May, 1957 EDITED &. PUBLISHED BY I. A. Horowitz Readers are invited to use these columns for their TABLE Of CONTENTS comments on matters of interest to chessployers, FEATURES Chess Biscuits ______144 PHONY CHESS subs tantial satis faclions of our common Game of the Month ______136 Back in 1951, I read in your maga,o;ine power.c1utching drives) . I missed only a Man Against Machine ______141 of an experiment in telephone chess he· chequer flooring for his miniatures of World Chess Championship Match __ 138 tween two teams of three playing in con mimic ma yhem. DEPARTMENTS s ultation al lwo separate houses. After six I'm hoping - touch Loard- that yoar Chessboard Magic ______143 years, I finally got an opportunity to try openings oracle will soon unfold my Chess Caviar ______145, 153 this idea myself, and I would like to favorite opening (now so fashionable), Chess Club Directory ______134 recommend it highly to your readers as an the King's Indian Reversed [Gad! thought Games from Recent Events ______149 Morphy Masterpieces ______153 entertaining, instructive and highly social he did - ED.} I love this opening for Past Masterpieces ______135 evening. its patient tortuosities, the splended mo· Postal Chess ______156 Added entertainment was provided bility it gives t o the clear-tracking White Short History of Chess ______146 since our team (Black) lried the innova· pieces, the virile storm of King's wing Solitaire Chess .______148 lion which F. Olafsaon introduced vs. I'awns it 8 0 often enables. Spotlight on Openings ______154 Pilnik in their 1955 match ( CHESS HI-> I likc such features as "Chess Quiz.." Tournament Calendar ~ ______135 I like photos and news (except the Ameri· World of Chess ______131 VI EW, May, 1956, p. 152) . Our Petroff caught the enemy team completely off can pelty chess news ) and articles evok; You Too Can Be Brilliant (Quiz) __ 130 base, and they h ad to improvise fo r the in g past titans (Steinilz, Winawer, etc.). EDITOR remainder of the game. T his should have I don't much care [0]" chess fiction but 1. A. Horowitz been demoralizing since they had a raft wonder why Ihe philosophical and psycho. EXECUTIVE EDITOR (If books both in English and German on logical s id es aren'l more touched Oil. I s Jack Straley Battell the openings ; but, after improvising exact· there a tlu:oiogical side ? CONTRIBUTING EOITORS ly the same mOI'es which Pilnik played for Pl e a ~e g ll' C the noble GA my delighted I. Chel·nev, J. W. Collins. T. A. Dunst, eighteen moves. they maneuvered their thanks. Dr. :M. Euwe, Hans Kmoch, 'V. Korn, Knight to Q2, KB3 and K5, and the game JAi\" ST APLETON ~'red Relnfeld, p . L. Rothenberg. Heatilmollt, England CORRESPONOENTS was drawn after thirty.five moves. Coll ell iate F . H. K(wr The poor souls were screaming plaintive HEY! WHO PLAYS BLACK? ! Alabama E. M. Cockrell . California J. B. Gee. Leroy Johnson. Dr. H. queries at us as to where we were gelling II has occurred to Ille that, in the light Ralston. M . J. Royer. the analysis ; but, by th., end of the game, of modern warfare, the subjects on the Colorado ,),1. W. Reese. Connecticut Edmund E. Hand. we had convinced them that we were just board arc obsolete. Also, I would prefer Oelaware 1>1. R. Paul. experimenting. Now t hey are claiming to leach my young ones the nobJe game Dist. of Columbia M. V. ChurChil l. that we played the game like a bunch Florida Major J. B. HOlt, P. C. Knox, Ernest with an approach having meaning and G. Werber. of patzers and were just l ucky to draw. verve, and s till acceptable by modern in· Georgia R. L. Froemke. 1!llnois J . G. Warren. R. E. FAUBER telligence, Indiana D. C. Hills, D. E. Rhead. Madison, Wisc. May I submit the following skeleton, Iowa 'V. G. Vanderburg-. which sure your staff, having more Kentucky J. W. Mayer. GA - FOR ALEXIS GILLILAND I am Kansas K. R. MacDonald. lime [ who said that?- ED.} and infinitely I like the spaciousness of CHESS REVIEW Louisiana C. J . CU'Cllllll. more know· how, could improve. MarYland Charles Barasch. - most chess journals are -t o "tichy" Massachusetts Franklin J. Sanborn Michigan R. Huskager, J. R. Watson. (i.e. small in size). I love the superb lit White Black Minnesota R . C. Gove. tle cartoons b y GA - please let us have K - Freedom K - Despotism Missouri E . A. Ta.l ley. Nebraska B. E. Ellsworth, Jack Spence, many more of them, :M ll Ch of the charm Q - High Advocate Q - Chief of Police R. E. 'Veare. of chess lies in its romantic angle, the B - Pyschoanal yst B - Bigot New Hampshire Ralph 1>1. Gerth. New York 'Valter Froehlich, Edward LaSker, fantasy shadow of war. the lordly associa N - Scienti st N - Intoler ant !-I. :\1. PhJlUps. tions of th e pieces. Even in the USA H - Education R - Ignorant North Carolina Dr. S. Noblin. North Dakota D. C. ')'Iacdonald. where the demos cult flo urishes rapidly, The more expendable .should at least Ohio J. Schroeder. so they say, would chess·players put up hal'e names: QRP - Querp; QNP - Pennsylvania J. C. Bortner, William R. witli e.g. " Bank President's Plumber to Quelll ; QBP - QueebYj QP - Queep; Hamillon, Lee B. Hoover. South Carallna Prof. 1... L. Foster. i\-fom's 4th Square" ? Your cartoonist has KP - Kip; KBP - Keeby ; KNP - Sauth Dakata M. I~. Anderson. caught the fantasy appeal of chess ad Kent; KIn> - Kerp. Tennessee Mrs. Martha Hardt, J. G, SUlli van, Jr. mirably together with its martial SOL DORMAN Texas James A. Creighton, Frank R. Graves. echoes (themselves I'eits of substitute but Philadelphia, Pa. Homer H. Hyde. Utah Harold Lundstrom. Virginia Leonard Morgan . . CHESS REVIEW Is publl$hed monthly by Subscription Rates: One year $5.50. two West Virginia C. T. Morgan. CHESS REVIEW, 250 \Vest li7th Street, yean $LO.5 0. three yean $15.00, world-wide. Wisconsin R. Kujoth. New York 19. N . Y. Printed in U. S. A. Re Change of Address: Four w(lekl;' notice re Wyoming E. F. Rohlf!. entered as ~econd-c1ass matter August 7, quired: Please furnish an address st(lncil CANADA 1947, at the Post Office at New York, N. Y. . impression from the wrapper of a recent Alberta Percy Connell. under the Act of March 3. 1879. issue. Addrcss changes cannot be made .wIth Manitoba Dr. N. Dlvlnsky. General Offices: 250 \Vest 57th Street. New out the old address a ~ weU as the new one. Quebec Osias Bain. York 19, N. Y. Sales Department (Room Unso 1! Clted manuscripts and photo~raphs Saskatchewan Frank Yerho'" 1329) open daily 9 to 6 p. m.-Saturdays will not be returned unless accompanied by CUBA: E . Berger. from 2 to 6 p. m. Telephone: Circle 6-8258. return postage and self-addressed envelope. CHESS REVIEW, MAY, 1957 129 a piece by 1 , , , P xN a flel' Which, how YOU TOO CAN BE BRILLIANT eve)', White l'e j)!!eR 2 Qx!'. threatening Illate and attncking both mack Kn ighu, BY FRED REINFELD Clearly , Ihis \\'on'l do for Bhl('k; bll t, Thomas Edison and Richard Ret! - can a fro.'d lO give stich ast ronomical in pottering a\\' IIY his time, he hilS and doubUess many another genius - odds!! fl'Ilte reti a\l'ay hill concenu"IItlo n u nti life 011 recor d lUI proclaim i ng tliat gen ius Our firs t example Is II Sllle nd ld in, was ted h is t houghts on somelhing t hat is 99 per cent I)ers piration and 1 per s tance in point. I'm not giving away doesn 't count III a ll , So - bewal'e of cent ins piration. IIn y secrets when I le ll YOll thllt the these sed uc llve irr e l e\' a nd e ~ : A s YOII and 1. however, a!'e not genius· Blllck Queen is absolu tely usele ijs, In Oil rh e other hand , ma llY " pos ition es, we'll have to depend in somewhat fact, If she were off 11l e bOlU'd, our has some reatm'e that pl'adit:ally ('ries greater degl'ee on Inspiration when It ~oJl1t!on would be no whIt differ ent. aloud tor youI' attention - ant! Ollee you comes to concocting brilliancie!!. U's But here's II refineme nt on this theme, notice this featlu'e , youI' problem is as really not so t11(f! cult as it sounds. For Sometimes the hostile Queen Ullml to good a s solved, To tal,e an obdons I maintain that eve ry brilliancy, be It be doing something, and t hI s seeming example, W hite ought to not)(- e In our sixth Item that he can give a whole ever so br!ll!ant, bas certain ear m a rk ~ . nc tlvlty ciln deceive us, Such h the or landmarks It YOli will, that give a"'ay CIU! EI In our second example , in whkh fl ock or checks, In other 1I"0l'ds, Dlack's the story. W hite is t breatenlng Q-'R8t a nd R- IH replies a re fo rced, And, if lI"e can fo rce some Blac k mOI'e5, maybe we can fo n 'e As I s howed In an ear lier article, one mate, Quite an ac tive Queen, bUI hel' ac th-ity Is irrelel-1I1l1. because it Is nOI others - -! Dllt, enoug h said, )'ou get o( these tell·tale quir ks is the fac t lhll l W h ile's move , And, wbe n It co mes (0 t he idea, t he a Uac klng Quee n is ill the thick of righting bllck IIgainst B1A t: k '~ •• Hac k, In our nInth pos ition, we have u hln., the baUle, whereas the defending Queen YO ll will agllin find t lllll Ihe Whit p bnt not so Ob V\OIl R - Blaek will (1 0 just ain't t1erendlng. She is far awny Qn een is absolutely power"l esll, something on the long diagonal - blH f1'om the s ~e n e of action, contribUting There a l'e otbel' kil)ds of IlT eilll'u nd e;; , just wha t? And 1>0 It goes in el'ery case, not II tiling to the defense, And who T ll ke our third position, Blucll Clln win so - look fol' th e baHi(: illea,
QUIZ After the discourse ;a;bov e, why not try yo ur hand at some equally ins piring combination. ? Solutions in June,
1 White to P lay 2 Black to P lay 3 Black t o Play White to P lay T he Kn ight goes Illaces! Wny fol' the Queen ! Bye,bye mal'k Qneen. • A Ki ng to fall!
5 Black to P lay 6 White t o P la y 7 White to P lay 8 White to Pl ay Prejlare Co r, , , R/ bB. Lega l to Philida I', White ne eds it Kn ig h t, Gel I'ld of t he QUPen,
10 BLick t o Play 11 Whi t~ t o P lay 12 Black t o play Black prell arell a j)repara, Hel'e a double d \eck works The W hite Queen Is expend, Blnc k fOITes a wi n ning end tory move, wonders, able, Ing, 130 CHESS REVI EW , MAY, 1951 CHESS Vol. 25, No.5 REVIEW MAY. 1957 I HI " '''11111 ~ H nS ....." .. , INt
INTERNATIONAL Who Marred Mar del Plata? From all accounts, no one marred th e annu'al Argentine fixture at Mar del Plata, except, of course, Paul Keres in respect to snatching away first prize from the other players. His exploit was nol easy. Besides Keres, the Soviel Union sent Alexander Kotov - and he ripped through Ihe first six rounds with a clean SCure. By that time, it became a news headlirw that his rivaLs closed in on him merely because he had an adjourned game. But t'he new~ became subslantiated when Haul Sun guinetti, the champiun (/f Argentina. drew that game. Thereafter, our old friend i\figuel Naj. dorf figured in the lead, 'at least Ilcr the box scores: 7 10 1 as against Kotov's 61h 10 ~/2; then 8 to 1 versus 7 to 1; 1lu::n 111 a lie with his youthful compatrio t Oscar F':anno; then "trailing" Keres' 9Jh to William Lombardy (left) playing against Oscar Panno at Mar del P lata. 1 Yz with 9 to 1 - right to the end of the tournament, in fact, Najdorf had a slight American Wome n Selected Both of these grandmasters emerged un· bulge. beaten. Third in the standings was J. H. [n the last rounds, 'howtver. Keres USCF Women's Champion J\hs. G. Dunner of Holland. 5·V:!.3y:!, and fourth forged 'ahtad, tying in the fourteenth Gresser and USCF Women's Open Cham. pion ?ths. S. G. Stevenson were picked was T. van Scheltinga, 5·4. O'Kelly de round, dropping back a~ Najdorf de· Galway uf Belgiulll, who shared a 4-%.412 feated Kotov in the fifteenth. finishing to take part in the Women's World Cham· score with R. Toran of Spain and H. the sixteenrh with 14 to 2 as against Naj. pionship Team Tourntv to be held in Kramer of Holland, drew all his games. dod's 13% to 1%, but taking tht tOllI"' Holland ~omc time in September. nament as Panno defeated Najdorf in the last round. It is notable that Keres alune Austrion Affoir We ll-Matched did not lose a singlc game. Dittman of East Germany. 5·2, won a John Ruther, Harvey Seli'b and Ken The final standings found four grand· small tourney in Vienna. The Yugoslav Grieb won fo r the University of Buffalo masters at lhe top, Kerts, Najdurf first V. Pirc was runner·up with 4Y2.2Y2. Chess Club whi le Tum Vern\'. J uri Kraav and secund, and Kotov and Panno tied fur and John Dukowicki lallh:d fur the Uni· third. Our uwn Bill Lombardy came fifth. French Note versity (Jf Toronto Chess Club in a drawn a point ahead of Sanguinetti, whi le the In Paris, the strong Cuissa Chess Cluh mat ch betwcen these two varsity groups. fifth grandmaster in Ihe tournament, drubbed a visiting team from Chile by Four games wt:re drawn in lhe 5·5 result. Erich Eliskases, faired poorly with a minus 8·2. ~cur e in a triple tie for eighth place. Lombardy turned in a very creditable The "Hastings" of Holland World Championship performance. He lost to Keres (as may be At Beverwijk, A. l'i"latanovich of Yugo. M. Botvinnik 8Y2 V. Smyslov 10Y2 seen in Kmoch's analysis in the "Games ~lavia scored 61;2.21;2 10 capture first. As we go to press. the above is the from Recent Events") and to Pan no, and ahead of C. Stahlberg uf Sweden, 6·3. reported SCOt·c, bUI Botl'innik: ill two he drew with Kotov (at 'U time when Pawns down in an adjourned game. So KOlov was still close to an all· winning the prospect is a three game lead for Final Standings Plata Smyslov, with but rOlu' games to go. record) and with Najdorf, and of his " M" Keres ...... 1 5 , Rosse tto'" . . . . . , . , r~or grandmasters in match play, sllch closer pursuers he won from sixth place NaJdorf ...... 14 · , Esposito . . . . . n· a lead is virtually iIlSI1!·mOI1!ltable. The Kotov ...... 13 , Alber t , ·n Sanguinetti, grandmaster Eliskases and · ...... champion may only gO '"bust" in trying Panno ...... 13 · , Ad ler ...... 5~ . 11j;" the noted ArgentiniaTl master, Hector Ros· Lombardy ... 11i· 'k 8ehrensen . . . 5j;.1H to force wins. Still, in .1951 and 195~, setto, while drawing Wilh Miguel Cuellar Sanguinetti . . 1 O~. Incutto ...... 5~·1H stl'ange fluctuations o( scores occurred. Cuellar ...... 'I. We"ler 5~.11~ 'I ...... And, 011 these precedents, Botvinnik of Colombia and losing to Fernando Casas Casas ...... , ," Ag uado ...... , of Argentina. Eliskases .... , · , Mangin; .. ... , ." might j\\~t overhaul his challenger. CHESS REVI EW, MA Y, 19S7 131 UNITED STATES For the first time - • t NATIONAL INEXPENSIVE CHESS T College Chess Promotion Recipients of small cash gra nts from the Ame ri can Chess Found atiun fur the BOOKS -$1- $1.25 each! .. Jl u rpose o f prumot ing che~s on the cuI· legiate level were the following schools : REIN F E L D ON THE ENDGAME IN CHESS by Fred Relnfeld. t-: Ol primarily u cl a s~Hicn Bethany ( \Vest Virginia) Collegc, P enn (ion of e nd pl",-. 01' a disc\ls~lo" or Ideal ~)' h· an i a Sta te Un iversity, Univcrsity of m o\'e5, but a d i~cussion of transi tion" fr<)m m iddle to end game, analyr.i nl> (,,vorable. IIn Connecticut . Un iversity of Colorado, Uni· favoralJlc. Incorrect choices, mls~ed o ll llOr I'ersil y of Nort h Carol ina, A mherst Col· (u nities. elC. T his book <:on~ I' ~ eITOI' ..,Xlen _ lege. Suuthe rn Illinois Uni versi ty, Colum_ si\'el~'! \Vhile there are "' ~n)' iXH>ks showing con-cct Ilh.)', thIs is one of t he few books on bia U ni vc r ~i l y and St. Peter's (New I h e larl;\JI' a r ea of incorl'cct p iny: It \dls Jersey) College. you exactly whal is w r on" with Ihe move you m ight have made. 62 "",lg,uncs by Alekhine, 1-'loh r . T a r l"Usch. ).larShall , )'Ior])hy. Yldmar. Keres. Nlm~ov i ch, Rubinstein, Las REGIONAL AND INTERSTATE ke r, R esh evsky and other m(ISIC1'S are (lilly analyzed, In language YO U ca" Und"J'Sland. Northern League Play King-pa.wn endings, roo k.mino!· I>i..,..,e (",d ing". bad bi"hol>5, bl<>ekas.." ".ocak pa w ns. I n the Nort h Shore Chess League, Ports. weak SQ lmres. lenmo "'oves. hOl·l zontal ma mouth (New Hampshire) gai ned su "euvres. elC. GZ rigur..,s. IS3pp. 5% x 8. Paperoou"d $1 .25 prema cy with 25 points, ahead of Lynn. 21Y2, all d Newburyport, 20. Besl scorer~ fo r P ortsmouth we re H. B. Da ly, G. Proll Walter J . Fried and J . Sullivan. New Pre ~ i (\ ent of t he American CheRs Founllation. e lected to succeed HOH~f' I · Students· Chess Duels Hee ves who retell tl}" resigned.
and Results in van ous inte rstale college matches were as follows: Gannoll College of E rie, P cnnsylvania, 3, defealcd Youngs. NEW YORK , 10 , not IOU rna- Showi ng ull his old I}ower, Sidney Bern nlQ V"~. bllt movo" that lown Unive rsit y, Ohio, 2. F. Necci, B. m "h ave been mado. Add Case rta a nd B. Discher wun for Gan non, ~tei l\ (photo on cover) won the Marshall E::::~ !naster.and rate excelle yo urselfnt, wh ile W. T assian and N. PapaTocl is came Che~s Club cha mpionship wi tlt a tally of : or need Imprtn'em.., nt. through fo r Yuungstown. In the Penns )·l_ IO Y:>.·2Y:>.. Close behind It im was Saul Wachs wil li 10.3, followed hr Louis Lev y. lu,,·e been se- van ia State Uni versity - Betha ny College lected for i; ~;:;?,i:::: ,,~'~"~'~";":~'i ..v '" ea"U)·n mr followedga",e! (West Virginia) match, Ca rl Deitrich, a Yz4J,i and N. Halper, 8·5. Tied for fifth I)rinclples. Thcy , important mod- to se"cnt h with 7Y2·5Yz each were T. A. ocrn and dw.slcal op·enl])gs, and a rc fO ll owed Arthur Stein and Fred erick Kerr were IJ)' full annotations of the hlghe$t Quality. Penn Stat e winners, and Diek G"ld scored Dunst, A. Kaufma n and Dr. E. Lasker. tu "xtra situations. You will be $u rprise
132 CHESS REVIEW, MAY , 1957 • LOCAL EVENTS LATE FLASH rr/isco//s;Il. Art Domsky, 5%.1%, is king. California. At the Prccita Yalley Chess Botvinnik with two short draws in pin of Racine. Bernard Gill and John Clu b. Leighton Allen took fi rst with 5·1 games 21 and 22, lost the match 9Y2·12Y2. Oherg were second and third in the city Smyslov is the new world chess cham. chanillionship with 5·2 each. and the best 5.-8. sho"'jng. Noel Renaud pion. and James Cook. also 5·1. IJiaced s.econd In a stoutly contested battle for the and third respectively on S.·B. tot als, Milwaukee ]l.Iun icipal League title, the The San Gabriel Valley Chess Club ha ~ i s of S.·B. totals. Fourth and fjfth un Power" team, manned hy Averill Powers, trounced the Ril'c rside Chess Club by S.·B. points were Richard Owcn (IS years Paul Li ehig, He rh Ange r. John Halser old ) and Gaston Chappuis respectively, 6Yz·2 V2_ Winners for the former WCTC and Owen Fallon, was successful with Dewing. Hurlhirl. F'erguson , Talley, R. each 16·4. 28 Jlo ints. Lew is an d Songer. and Ril'crside's vic Washington. The Spokane City Che ~s turi es were accounted for by Hunnex and Championship saw Rohe rt Higginson and CANADA \ lcMurc!I", One (lraw was regislered. William Vnget tie for first wi th 5·1 each. During a visit to San Quentin Prison, A play.off will decide the title. Ne)(t in British Columbia George Koltanowski faced a total of 107 the 26 man Swi ss were Ray Kromer and A 6·2 triumph at Parksville was turned " pponents in a su ccession of ~im u lt a neo ll s Gordon Cornelius, each who came 4\tS.lY2, in by the Arrowsmith Chess Club ol'er pcrrnrmances of abollt 25 h()ards each. in third and fourth respectively on tie· the Nanaimo Chess Cluh. Paul Smith, A. He \\' on 103 games, drew 3 and losl only hreaking points. Robert Kittredge, Wil· Dare, C. Maas, R. D'Arcy, A. McCulloch on e. to Gil bert Boren. lia m L. Bailey, Donald Daniels and Robe rt and Mrs. Mary Hawkcs won for Arrow. Morgan, each 4· 2, placed fifth to eighth Colorrldo. A radio match between the smith, whilc D. Shiu and F. Jepson u p· on ti e· breaking totals in the order listed. Denver Chess Club and the Puehlo Chess held the Nanaimo standard. Club was anne)( ed by Dell\'er with a A 7·0 sweep gave hars Dalbergs of 3 ~1:! .% score. Winners we re Charles E. Portland first place in the Puget Sound Manitoba Sponagle, Dennis Na yiin and Alfred Open. Runner.u p was Dan Wade, 5·2, Harry Y an{) f ~ ky downed P rof. J. Woud· Hulmes, while Philip Rehberger (Denver ) followed by Howard Weaver and Dr. A. A. bury by 2·1 jn a pl a y.off and pocketed Ihe drew with Hyman Za g. "Ham" o perators Murray in l hird and fourlh positions 1'1" Manitoha championship. we rc Orlo Bonner of St ation W·O·JHI at spcclively on S.·B. points to resolve a Denver and William Smelser of Station 4%.2% tie. Seventeen players participated. fn s ingle comhat with D. A. Yanofsky at Winnipeg, Reshevsky played a 22 move \V·O·YFL at P ueblo. Final cl ub stlUldings in the Puget Sound dra\',', on which Prof. N. Divinsky led Dis/riel 0/ Columbia. W ith a wide margin League were the followin g: Seallie CheM a discllssion while the game was in prog· nf SlIperi orit y, Larry Gilden, 91;2. 1Y2 , top· Club. 5·0 ; Tacuma CiJ(' ~~ Club, 2.2; We .~ t reM. In an accompanying simuhaneous, I"~ d th e C la~ s "B" Championship nf the Seattle Chess Club, 1·3; Boeings Che ..; s He s he v~ k y won 36 games but drew with \Va ~ h i ngt o n Chess Divan. J. Fawcett , 7·4, Cluh, 1·4. S. Pedlar and E. i\lagnusson and lost placed second in th e 12 man round rohin. Illin ois. A tight race for the Chicago city C ha m l ) io n~ h ip hNween Albe rt Sanclrin , .11'. a nd J nhn Turn ~ . in wh ich bot h malIc 7·1 Adventures of a game sc o re .~. wa s r",wh'ed in fa vor of Sandrin nn a narrow S.·B. bas is. Third CHESS MASTER a mi fourth nn S.·B. point s we re Paul 'i'autvaisas and Kaz)" s l a kstas r e~ p ec tiv e l y, by George Koltanowski ('ach 6·2. The Southern Illinois Un i\' c r ~ it )' title THIS BOOK is really a chess tour of the world. was bagged by George Toussaint. George Koltanowski has played exhibition matches N(' 1jI York. A t the Highla nd Park Chess in more countries than the average man, chess Clu b in Brooklyn, Guna rs Znotins, 8·1, player or no, sees in a lifetime: England, France, unsed out John Pamiljens, 71;2.1112, to win the ";\" Tournament. Mario Peclrolti, 7·2, Switzerland, Spain, Gennany, all of Latin America, placed third. Canada and the United States. And his illustrative T he Universily nf Buffalo Open was games are richly interwoven with sparkling com w(,n by John 1\-1auoo r. ments on these places, on the great names of chess At Colmnhia Univcrsit y, Ihe champion. in recent years and on the mysteries of exhibition ship went to Howa rd Schain. 5·1. performances, especially blindfold play at which Hcsults of various matches we re as f" l. low. • : University of Buffalo 5, Canisius he is unofficial champion. College 2 ; Cornell University 6%, Uni· An intel11ational chess master, formerly Belgian vers ity of Buffalo 2Y2 ; Finger Lakes master, George Koltanowski conducts a lively chess Chess Society (Newark ) 10 ; Bath Chess column in the San Francisco Chronicle and the Club 5. This last clash was a double round Miami Herald. He is well equipped to relate his affair 011 eight boards. in which Vail and Quinn ( both of Finger Lakes) and Ryres. odyssey of chess, in tOUl11aments as well as exhibi bach (Bath) chalked u p two victories tions. His short history of blindfold play is reveal ea ch. ing with due mention of such greats as Morphy, Utah . After twcnt y 5 c ~s i o n 5 of round robin Blackbul11e and Alekhine. The account includes plar for supremacy in the Y!\'ICA Chess his own early blindfold training. Cl ub of Sa lt Lake Ci ty. Sam Te itel baum finL_hed wit h 17·3. Richa rd Heilbut and Many, many games - lavish diagrams - price: $4.00 Slollll ev Hunt scofed 16Y2·3lj2 each, the DAVID McKAY COMPANY, Inc., nod for second going to Heil hut on the 55 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York
CHESS REVIEW, MAY, 19$1 three (the first time in years! ) to Prof. be put out of business by these youngsters Soviet Union J. Woodbury, A. Mogle and Prof. N. before many more years have passed." As we rellorted earlier, Michael Tal, a Divinsky. Holland student at the Universily of Ri ga. won the 24th USSR O lampionsliip. He j umped Ontario In the Dutch Open, a 12 man Swiss., ahead wit h four wins in the fir5t lour Diemer of Germany was first with 5%·Ph, The title tourney 1.1 1 the Harmony Che~ rounds: but A. Tolush passed him after Club in Toronlo wenl to Rudy Draxi, who ahead of van Sclielt inga, 5·2. some draws and a lost to Nej lllctdinov walked "If with fi rst prize without losing Ireland by Tal. Then Tolush lost to Tigran II game. Walz, whose only loss was to Petrosyan and Stolyar ; and, by th e 12th Draxl, was runner·up. A ti c for first in the City of Dll'blin Cha mllio nship was registered hy J. J. round. Petrosyan and Kholmoy led with Wa lsh and D. J. O'Sullivan. B points, fn llowed by Bronstein, Keres. LATIN AMERICA Spassky and Tolnsh at 7% - with Tal Italy at 7 hut wi th one game adjourned. (He Brazil Gui stoli s. 6·2, won a tourney al Igea eventually lost that one, to Bol e~ l aysk y J. T. Mangini is national champion by Marina. Runner'U II was Napolitano, - but lus t only Ihe two games, already "irtue of II victory by J 1·2. 5%·21h. mentioned, by the end of the tournament.) By round 15. Keres led with 10 points, FOREIGN Portul)al ahead of Bronstein, Tal and Tollish at The nati onal title ...·ent to Durau. 9¥.!; hut then Tal defeated Kercs (see Clecho.Slovakia 6Y,t·1h. with Vinagrc in second place at game on p. 152) to move into the lead Scoring 13.6, Alster won the Czech 5!h.ly:!. with Bronstein. By round 19, Bronstein lille, followed hy Zita, 12%.6%. lost 10 a tail·ender, Gurgenidze; but, after Roumonia England une roun d. the leaders stood as Bronstein . In the Ro umanian cham pi unship, Dr. O. Tal and Tolush wi th 13, Keres with 12% A hoo m in junior chess is reported by Troianescn was succ c~slu l with IP/2·5%, and Spas5ky and Khol moy with 12. Bruce Hayden, wh o cites the coming j un. ahead of Mititclu, 11 ·6. ior chamililinship Congress in l.iverpool as In the last round, the pairings were having an enlry Jist 01 839 children in· Scotland Tal \'5. Tallish. and Bronstein vs. Khol. cluding 100 girls. Ollhis aSlonishing tOlal, A ~t·to hetween the Ed inlJU rgh an(1 mov. and the excitcment was inlense. But 374 are under ele\'en years of age! Com. Gl3~gow Leagues went to the Immer with Bronstein drew, and Tal won to become ments Hayden, "' Looks as if we shall all a 25·18 tall y. the youngest USSR champion {by a few
ENCANTO CHESS CLUB MARYLAND CHESS CLUB MANHATTA N CHESS CLUB The Den 1216 St. Paul Street Hotel WoodroW, 64th Street, between 2700 Nortb. 15th Avenue Baltimore, Maryland Broadway and Central Park West Phoenix, Arizona Telephone: PL-2·9420 New York, New York HERMAN STEINER CHESS CLUB BOYL STON CHESS CLUB MARSHALL CHESS CLUB 108 North Formosa Avenue, Los Angeles Young )len's Christian Un ion. 48 no)' I ~ · 36, CalUol'nl a : open fi ve evenings ton Su-eet, Bos LOn . llassach\lselts 23 West 10 Street a nd two artel'noons a week Phone: HU·2·1122. New York. New York Phone: WEbs tel' 6·9355. Telephone: GR·7·S716 HIXON CHESS CLU B PRECITA VALLEY CHESS Cl.UB Hotel Hixon TIMES CHESS CENTER P. V. Co mmunity Chess North Attleboro, Massachusetts 534 Preclta Avenue, San Francisco, 141 West 42 Street Cailtornla: phone: Mission 8·5759 DETROIT CHESS CLUB New York. New York STAMFORD CHESS CLUB 2·169 GI'and RiveI' Detroit 1, Michigan WESTCHESTER BRONX CHESS Cl.UB Roger SmIth Hotel Z244 Westchester Avenue Stamford, Connecticut Telephone: WO·4·7049 Bronx 6Z. New York Friday 8 P. M.: FJ·8·1501 LOG CABIN CHESS CLUB Telephone: TA·3·0607 PUEBLO CHESS CLUB (Founded 1934) Young Men's Cb ristian Association At tbe home of E. Forry Laucks YORKTOWN CHESS CLUB 11 2 West 8 Street 30 Coilamore Terrace YorkLOw n Heights, N. Y. Telepbone : Pueblo, Colorado West Orange, New Jersey EvenIng, Yorktown Heights 2·4564. MANATEE COUNTY CHESS Cl.UB Champions of the N. Y. " Met" 1.."Jl,le. Day, Yorktown Heights 2·4153. !tt , . OrJani~d and founded North Jerlley (Bradenton, Florida) Chess I MJUe and Inter-chUB Leacue. First P.O. Box 76, Cortez, Florida, c/o of L . to help in lar~e scale Inter-atate ma tehes. COLUMBUS "Y" CHESS CLUB M. Malcolm: Bradenton 9·2491 First to fly 1.>y air to Deep Riv er Chell 40 West Long Club. Flr~t to promote IIlrgest h'lt. rnatlonal CHICAGO CHESS CLUB match of 18 and 19 board". Flru to make meets Thursday Evenings 64 West Randolph Street Irl1nlleo ntinental and International barn Telephone : CA·4·11 31 . tormlnll' tours. Chicago 1, Illinois Telephone: D&-2·91 00 BROOKl.YN CHESS CLUB WASHINGTON CHESS DIVA N Z445 15 Street, N. W. IRV ING PARK YMCA CHESS CLUB 30 Lafayette Av enue Brooklyn, New York Wsshington. D. C. 4251 Irving Park Road Telephone: CO·5·9890 Cblcago. Illinois Telephone : BU·2-0933 NEW ORLEANS CHESS CLUB CIVIC CENTER C HESS CLUB CLUB.CASINO SOCIAL YMCA Bldg., St. Charles Avenue 15i Montague Street. Brooklyn, N. Y. METROPOLITANO S. de R. L., at Lee Circle "Ieets on Friday evenings and on Sun· Tacuba. No. 15 (Altos Cine Aladino) Friday at 7 : 30 P. ],1. day afterlloons. Mexico, D. F. 134 CHESS REVIlW, MAY. 19S7 months over i\1ikhai! Botvinnik's firsl championshi p). Tal's string of coups in lhi~ IOurn
SOVIET CHAMPIONSHIP Pawns as battering rams. In this type of game, he The 20 year old M. Tal, a History- Philology stu proves to pos,;ess a finely nuanced sense of position, dent at the Univers·ity of Riga, has won the champion together with a practically flawless working talent for ship of the Soviet Union. This feat earned for the calculation. very enterprising young player the title of grandmas In this Game of the Month, he courts the open bat tl e in the Ruy Lopez with 13 N-B3 which develops into ter_ He outdistanced such grandmasters liS Bronstein, Keres, Tolush, Spassky, Korchnoi and Boleslavsky. a stormy King-side attack. Antoshin defends himself with all his might, and a sharp situation emerges. The youthful grandmaster has already disp layed Then, curiously enough, the grandmaster just misses a great love for combinative play and, in this event, a very pretty closing combination. In the preponder too, very sharp situations arose in the majority of his ant position, he had not presumably searched for "the games. He offered sacri fices a number of times in other" win, probably having assumed that the con different games. His repertoire of openings is not tinuation which he selected would lead to a decision. directly tuned actually to complications hut, as we Black surprises, however, with a neat counter-maneu observe so often in Keres' games, Tal stee l'S by prefer ver (31 ... Q-Bl) and, sure enough, manages to keep ence toward those variations which produce a recipro the scales balanced. A captivating encounter in all cal, active inlell)Jay of the major pieces and em ploys its phases ,
U.S.S.R. Championship, 1957 8 P-B3 • • • • RUY LOPEZ The most common l·eply. Apnl·t From (Closed Variation) this, 8 P- QRI comes in strongly For con M, Tal W, Antoshin s ideration, with the (ollowing possibili· ties: l) 8 .. . P-N~ 9 P - Q4 ! P- Q3 10 P Whlta Black R3! with an excellent game f01' White a!< 1 P-K4 P- K4 3 B-N5 P-QR3 Black lackg the regource of exchnnging 2 N-KB3 N-QB3 4 B-R4 N-B3 t.wice on Q.1. followed by ... P- QB·I- 5; 5 0-0 B_K2 2) 8 ... :H- Nl 9 PxP, PxP 10 P --Q·j ! It is remarlmble how this defense lil,ewlse with a very good game for against the Spanish Opening continues to White; 3) 8 ... B- .'<2! 9 P- Q3! hold its own over the years. despite the The last is the correct method for numerous analyges tending to prove that both s id es. but White obtains a slight ,Vhite must arrive at an advantage. advantage: e.g.. a) 9 ... P-Q·J 10 :RPxP, 10 . . . . N-N3 6R-K1 ., .• RPxP 11 RxR, BxR 12 N- DS! etc" and This mOI'e is better than the customalY or late, 6 Q- K2 has come back into b) 9 . , . P- Q3 10 P- 83. N-QR~ 11 B- D2, 10 . , . B- B3, upon which II P- QIH! vogue, chiefly because of some major P -B·I 12 QN- Q2. Q- B2 J3 N- Dl, KR- Kl offel's vel'}' good chances, We submit two successes Keres has registered with it 14 N- N3, P- N3 15 B-N5! elc. In each interesting examples: 1) 11 ... B-N2 anew. instance, \Vhite has a cle at· positional 12 RPxP, IRPxP 13 RxR. BxR 14 P- Q5. N- K2? 15 :-<- R3, Q- Nl 16 NxNP! win· 6 , . . . P_QN4 preponderunce, ning a Pawn (Boleslavsky- Smyslo\', 7 B-N3 0 - 0 8 ._ . . P-Q3 Moscow, 1950); 2) 11 . , . R- Nl 12 RPxP, In our OPInIon. 7 ... P- Q3 at once Dlack foregoes the gambit game. After RPxP 13 P-Q5, N-K2 14 N- R3 ! and is slightly more accurate; bllt, by the 8 . . . P - Q·j 9 PxP, NxP 10 NxP. NxN 11 White stands slightly betler (Sntln text, Black resen'es the ol>tion of play· Rx:\', P- Q83, White's best reply is 12 Sokolsky, i\loscow, 1953). ing the Marshall Gambit (8 ••• P - Q4). P-Q~. 11 B_K3 • • • • 9 P-KR3 N-Q2 On 11 B- Q5, Black has 11 ... 13- .'<2. This eontinuation is much less popu· 11 . . . , 11'1.1' than 9 .. . N- QR4. though [01' insuf· ficient reason as Black obtains good Inconsistent. Black ought to maintain chances with a satisfa ctory ga.me, his center, and now play 11 . , , B- D3. A nearly even position arises after 12 10 P-Q4 .... QN- Q2, N- R4 13 0 - 02, N/ 4- 05. Nothing is to be gained with other 12 PxP P- Q4 moves: e.g., 10 P-Q3, B- D3 11 QN- Q2, 13 N-B3! ... , N- N3 12 N-Bl. B-K3 1.3 N-KS, Q-Q2, and Dlack slands well (Bolesla\'sky- Bot Extremel}, well played. White makes Yinnlk, Groningen, 1948) . use of the chance to POst ilis Knight mO!'e acUvel}' than is usually poss ible in t = check; ; ;; dbl. check; § ;; dis, ch. this opening.
CHESS REVIEW, MAY , 19~1 13 . . . . force, as the conductor of tbe White Hereby, Black actually would obtain a After 13 . . . B- K3. 14 N- K5! is a pieces demonstrates in magnifi.cent decisive advantage except that White forceful continuation. fashion. "accidentally" bas a combination at his 14 NxKP B_K B4 22 N- R5! · . . , disposal which recovers the Exchange. 32 N-B6t! K_ N3 After Black's last move, Wh ite arrives Th e introduction to a resounding as· at a distinct advantage, though by a sault on the King. Black must now go Or 32 .. . PxN 33 N-N5t, K- N3 34 sharp and surpris ing action in the cen through wIth his tht·eat. Q- B7t, K- B4 35 Q-Q5t and 1) 35 ... ter, to be sure. Hence, 14 ... N--Q4 is 22 . . . . B,P K- N5! 36 N- K6, a n d White wins; 2) be tter, though White then probably has 23 R-'N1 N-B5 35 . .. K- N3 36 Q-B7t, and a dt·aw . 33 Nx R! the best chances also, w ith 15 B- N5. Other possibilities here are: 1) 23 ...... B- B6 24 .R- B1, with consequences similar "Now, too, the draw becomes aceI'· to those in the game; 2) 23 . .. B- B3 tainty. In the ensuing K night end·game, 24 Q- Q5t, K- Rl 25 NxB, RxN 26 RxR, Black's Queen·side majority is of no im· PxR 27 R- Ql! w ith decisive advantage port as his King is too far off. for White as he has attacking chances 33 . . . . QxQ 37 K_B1 N-Q8 on both wings. 34 N- K5t K-R2 38 N_ K4 P-N5 35 NxQ Kx N 39 K- K2 N_N7 24 R-Q7 • • • • 36 N_B5 P-QR4 40 K-Q2 P- R5 With the terrible threat: 25 RxB, Nx'R Drawn 26 RxPt, K-R1 27 RxPt, Kx.R 28 Q- Q1t, K- N3 29 Q-N7t, K-B4 30 Q- N4 mate. 24 . . . . R_ R2 The Biggest Bargain The only move. 24 . .. R- B2 cm.ts Black a Rook after 25 Q- Q5, Q-KB I in Chess Literature!
15 P-.Q5! • • • • 26 RxR. A fine move. Bla ck now has little 25 Rxe! · . . . CHESS REVIEW choice: e.g., 1) 15 .. . 8 xN 16 BxN, PX'B Anywayl White elimina.tes t he most 17 RxB, and White is, practically speak· effective enemy piece and his attack ANNUAL ing, a Pawn ahead. The factor of Bishops becomes irresistible. of opposite colors means little while Volume 24 25 • • • • N,R Knigh ts are still on the board; 2) .. . 26 Q- Q5t K- R1 N- Nl 16 P- Q6! with a greater edge even LL twelve issues of CHESS R EVIEW 27 Q-Q ~! than in the game. • • • A published du ring 1956 have been The beautifUl point. There is no handsomely bound in cloth to make 15 . . . . N- R4 longer any defense. 16 P-Q6! this jumbo.sized 384 plus page book. • • • • 27 .. .. R, R All played with great energy and, in Nearly 300 games, picked by experts the sequel, Black plays contInua lly forced FOt'ced, as are the next three moves. and annotated by masters, are drawn moves. 28 Qx R R- N1 from the most important ev ents of 16 . . . . 29 N-N5 P-R3 1956, together with special gems by 30 N-B7t Not 16 . . . BxN on account or 17 PxB, K-R2 past masters. QxP 18 BxN, P xB 19 N- Q2! The great events of 1956, also, are 17 BxN Q, B well represented by games, stories and 18 N- N3 B- K3 photographs : the two Rosenwald Tour· 18 . . . Nx B fans against 19 NxB. naments, all the major international 19 BxB P,B tournaments, including the Interna· 20 Rx P 8-B3 tional Team Tournament and the Chal. By a demonstration against White's lengers Tournament, and U. S. tour. Queen Knight Pawn, Black hopes to ob· naments - and the amazing rise of tain adequate compensation for the loss young Bobby F ischer! of his own Pawn. Besides, he has noth· Also a complete serialized history ing better: e.g., 1) 20 ... KR- K l ? (Ot· 20 . .. R- B2?) 21 RxB, RxR 22 Q- Q5t ; of chess, qui~es, stories and anecdotes, 2) 20 ... R- R2 21 Q-"K2, B--IB3 22 R- Q1. and P ostal Chess well represented by with powerful preSSUl·e. games annotated by John W. Collins. 31 P-KR4?? • • • • 21 Rx P Q-N1 A pity for this masterly piayed game. And excellent instructive articles White couid have completed his work of by Bernstein, Euwe, Fine, H orowitz, art in the following beautiful manner: K moch, Korn, Reinfeld and Tartakover 31 Q- B5t, P- N3 32 Q- Q7 1 (and, because and lively games presented by Cher· of the varioUS checks now threatened, nev an d Napier. Black has no choice, e.g., 32 . . . R- N2 33 N- B6 mate!)' P'xN 33 N - N5t, K- N3 Other Vol umes on hand: 34 Q- B7t, KrN 35 P-N3 ! ! and, presum· Vo lume 15 - loe 1947 - $5.00 ably, it is t his last move which White Vo lume 21 - loe 1953 $6.00 overlooked in his precalculaUons. There Vol ume 22 loe 1954 - $6.00 Is no effective measure against the threat Vol u me 23 10' 1955 - $6.00 of P- B4 mate: e." .. 1) 35 .. . Q- N3 36 P- R4t, K- N5 37 K-N2! and White soon Order Your Copy How! mates; 2) 35 . .. N- Q6 36 P- R4t, K- N5 37 Q- Q7t, K-B6 38 QxNt, K-N5 39 K- N2! C H E S S REVIEW Black does not appear to stand badly. also with mate in a few moves. 250 W . 57 St. , New York 19, N. Y. His Bishop displays great activity: He After the faulty text move, Black not can. mOI'eovet' , intensHy the pressure only can manage the defense but even Send for complet e catalog of equ ipment against th e Queen K night Pawn wlth . . . acquires the better chances, though they CHESS REVIEW do not suffice fo r the win. N-B5. The White Knights on the King· 250 West 57th St reet, New York 19, N. Y. side, however, for m a mighty attacking 31 . . . . Q_QB1 ! CHU$ RE VIEW, MAY , 1957 137 WORLD CHAMPIONSHIP at Moscow CHESS MATCH 1957 I Annotations - PART 1. by HANS KMOCH I
GAME 1 27 R-Q2 • • • • 8 - N6, Q- K 5 27 RxP, QR-Bl 28 P- QR3, Q-85 with eve n chances (Keres- Najdol"(, A Bad Bishop The hasty move, setting a serious and permanent disad vantage. COrl'eet is 27 1\1 a l" del P lata, 1957). White's committing set·up runs into P-'B4, saving White's Bishop from be· 9 • • • • N-KN5?! difficulty. Yet be manages to hold his coming really bad, own and Is pl'actically out of dangel' This conti nuation does not lead to the when a hasty move makes his Bishop 27 . . . . RxRt 29 B- K3 P-B3 swa p of Knight for' Bishop and is ver y bad, Once provided with definite targets. 28 BxR P- B5! 30 B-Q4 K-B2 dubious. Botvinnik dropped the move in Black wins amazingly quickly. 31 Q-Ql P_R5! la ter' games. Now White's Bishop is really bad. 10 NxN PxN ENGLISH OPENIN G 32 Q-K2 Q-Q4 11 B-BS! B-N2 M ikhail Botvinn ik Y ass ily Smys lov 33 K_ N1 B- B1 11 . . . P-Q4 12 BxB favors White, a nd Champion Challe nge r 34 P-B5 • • • • 11 ... Q- N4 12 QxQ, PxQ 13 8-K2 has White Black W hite's last Is a counter·a cUon which much t h e same consequences as in the 1 P-QB4 N-K 8 3 3 P-KNS B_N 2 nets good I'esu lts, too la te. game . 2 N-QBS P-K N3 4 B_N2 0-0 34 . . . . PxKP 36 BxP P-K3 5 P-K4 • • • • 35 PxPt PxP 37 Q-B2t K-Kl This s et·up is committing. Apparently. 38 Q- B6 • • • • Wblte hopes to get in P- Q4 later, thus W hite's Queen nook P awn is a goner. establishing the Maroczy bind under fav orable circullislances, but his hope fails. 38 .... BxP 40 Q-R7t B-K2 39 QxN Pt K-Q2 41 B:" Q4 5 . . • . P-B4 • • • • 6 KN- K2 N_8 3 W hite sealed the last move a nd later resigned. He cannot stop the Que en 7 0 -0 • • • • Rook Pawn after 41 . .. Q- KB4: e.g., Not 7 P-Q4, PxP 8 NxP. NxF! 42 QxQ, PxQ 43 B-K3, B-B3! or 42 Q- R8, 7 . . . • P- Q3 10 P-Q3 N_ B2 P- R6 43 Q- R8, Q- N8 t , etc. 8 P-QRS B_ Q2 11 R-Nt R-N1 9 P- RS N_ K1 12 8-K3 P-QN4! Botv inni k 0 S myslov 1 Black seizes tile inItiative by clearing 12 P-KRS a tile for his R ook ([rst. • • • • 13 Px P N,P GAME 2 12 Q- B4 is met by 12 .. . Q-N4; and 14 Nx N R,N 12 BxQP, BxB 13 QxB, QxQ 14 RxQ, NxBP Suspicious Defense f OJ" 15 P-Q4 is not likely to hold any prom ise • • • • B lack's defense in this game is highly W hite; but 12 B- K 2 seems better than T h is key move is s imply too late. suspicioUS but too compi!cated tor any the text. 15 . . . . Q-B1 ! quick conclusion. At any rate. White ob· 12 . . . . 14 Ax At K,R Profound: Black takes o n an isolated ta lns no tangible adva ntage. 13 QxQt 15 PxN B-Q3 Pawn I'a the r than concede White a 16 N_R4 • • • • Queen-side majority with 15 . .. Px P. SICILIAN DEFE NS e: The end·game looks good for Wh ite, 16 PxP p , p v. Smyslov M. Botvinnik a nd it probably is. Bu t whel"e did 17 K_R2 R-Q1 Wh ite Black Smyslov go wrong, if at a ll? It is like 18 Q-B1 N-Q5 1 P-K4 P-QB4 4 N,P N-B3 look ing [or a needle in II haystack. But Black has a. sligh t edge, being ahead 2 N_KBS N-QBS 5 N-QBS P-QS in development of his heavy guns. 3 P-Q4 p,p 6 B_ KN5 P-K3 one though t is 16 P - K N3 so as to stop Q_Q2 . . . B-KB5(tJ and to proceed with N 19 N_B3 R-N2 21 R-B2 P-QR4 7 P-QR3 Qt-K 3-B·I, In terpolating P-QB3, 'P- N5, 20 P- B4 B_QB3 22 Q-B1 N- N4! Apparently, Botvinn!k no longe·r wants P-R4 and P-KB4, if needed. 23 P_K5 • • • • a doubled King Bishop Paw n (as on page Not 23 ExP, NxN 24 PxN, RxR 25 QxR. 72, March issue and so often in recent 16 . • . . K-B2 31 P_KB3 P_ K4 BxKP 26 QxE, QxB, as a Pawn goes. years). So he now stops N/4- N5 as in 17 B_B4 R-Qt 32 K_Q2 R_BS 7 ... P- K'R3 8 BxN. QxB? 9 N/4- N5. 18 P- QN3 B-QBt 33 P-N3 R-B1 23 . . . . Nx N 25 RxB RxR 19 R_Kl P_BS 34 R-Q3t K-B2 24 PxN BxB 26 QxR Q-B3 8 0 _0_0 P-R3 9 B-KS .. .• 20 N-N2 B-B5t 35 R- K3 K-QS 21 K-N1 B-Q7 36 B-K2 B-K3 Smyslov's preference, and the most 22 R-KB1 B_B5 37 R-QSt K-B2 natural looking move. Alternatives are 23 N-QS B-Q3 S8 R-B3 K-QS 1) 9 BxN, QxB! satisfactory fo !" Black ; 24 K-B1 P- QR4 39 K-KS B-Q4 2) 9 B- R4, NxP , rather promiSing [or 25 P-R4 B-K2 40 R-QS K_ B2 Black as 10 NxN, QxB 11 NxN Is met by 26 R- K1 B-Q3 41 R-Q1 R_ BS 11 .. , QxN!; 3) 9 B-KB4. B- Q2 10 NxN, 27 P_ K5 Bx P 42 R-KR1 K_N3 BxN 11 P - D3, P - Q4 12 Q-Kl, B-K 2 13 28 NxB P>N 43 P_QB4 B_B2 PxP, PxP 14 B-Q3, O...() 15 Q- B2, R- K l 29 AxP K-Q' 44 B-Q3 K-B2 16 B-K3. 8-Q3 17 N- K2, N-Q2 18 N-Q4, SO R_ K3 R-B1 45 B- K4 R-KS N- K4 19 N-B5, B- B2 20 K- Nl, B- Q2 21 Drawn P-KN4. NxB 22 RxN. BxN 23 PxB, B- K 4 24,' P- KB4 , B- B3 25 KR-Ql, Q-K2 26 Botvinnik Vl! Smyslov 1Vl!
138 CHESS REVr~W , MAY, 19S1 GAME 3 Something for Experts Slightly unusual play in the opening by Black I'enders White's consel'l'atl l'e Queen-side attack etltil"ely IUIl"mless. That's all thet"e is to this game. but it is enough fot" students of lhe K[ng '~ I ndian Defense.
K ING' S INDIAN DEFENSE M. Botvinnik V . Smyslov White Black 1 P- Q64 N- KB3 3 P-KN3 8-N2 2 N- QBS P_KN3 4 8-N2 0-0 5 P-Q4 • • • • N o mOl'e 5 P- K4. as in Game I. 5 . . . . P- Q3 9 N-Q2 P_ B4 6 N-B3 N-B3 10 Q-B2 P-K4 7 0-0 P- QR3 11 P-QR3 P-N3 8 P-Q5 N-QR4 12 P-Q N4 N- N2 Here is the inter esting part: Black has steered his Knight to QN2, a very bad place usually but a good one for covering the key sqUare, QB4, and fo r a relieving exchange when White swaps Pawns and, meanwhile, the Qu een Bishop ph% by D. Koziol' has Q2 (which it does not on the more The f ir st game i n t he match, played in M oscow on March 5, was snapped at this point usual QN- Q2). H ence, Black is prepareu w hich is appar ently jtJst at t he t i m e of sea li ng White's last m ove after five hours to render White's Queen-side ac tion of play, Botvinni k (White) later resigned without resuming aft er t he adj ournment. harmless.
Botvinnik 1 Smyslov 2 20 .. " P-B4 23 P_Q B4! p ,p 21 N_ N3 N,B 24 BxQB P Q-N3 GAME 4 22 QxN B_Q3 25 Q-K 2! . , . . Anybody's Guess In the middle-game, Black's somewhat shaky King pOsition requires attention: A well played game with a dark spot. so he cannot yet start on a ny dangel'olls 'W hen the chances are in the balance, li se of his Pawn majority. The chances White suddenly abandons the Exc hange [or no obvious reason. What his pa r are in the balance. ticular r eason might have been is any 25 . , . , K - R2 27 KR-Q1 P-K 5 body's guess. 26 R_QBl B- N 2 28 B-Q5 B_ B5 Black's last is a good move, though SICIL I A.N D EFE NSE why it ought to win is not apparent. V. Smyslov M. Botvi nni k 13 R_ N1 B- Q2 16 F'xF' N,P Bhlck 14 KN-K4 N xN 17 N xN NF'xN White 15 NxN Q- B2 18 B-Q2 KR- N1 1 P- K 4 P-QB4 , N_Q B3 P-Q3 B_KN 5 P_ K 3 The issue is settled. As Black has 2 N- KB3 N-QB3 6 p,p P_Q R3 obtained full parity on the open flle. a 3 P-Q4 7 Q- Q2 draw Is Inevitable, short of blunders. 4 NxF' N-B3 8 0-0- 0 F'-R3 And, In a position llke this , even minor 9 B- K3 B- Q2 deities can hardly go wrong. Thus, no 9 , .. N- KN5 as in Game 2. 19 P- K4 RxR 30 F'- R4 Q- R3 10P-B3 " , . 20 RxR R-N1 31 Q--N3 Q- N 3 A very solid continuation. though 21 R-N 3 RxR 32 Q-R2 Q-N2 somewhat on the passive side. One might 22 QxB B-KB3 33 K- N1 K - N1 expect 10 P-B4. 23 P- KR4 B-Q1 34 K- R1 K - R2 10 . .. , P- QN4 14 Q-N3 P-N3 24 K-R2 Q-N3 35 K-N 2 K_N 1 29 BxB ' 11 N xN B xN 15 K_N l 0 -0-0 . . . 25 Q-B2 F'- K R4 36 Q-'B2 Hel"l~ White can safely play 29 R-'BJ, 12 Q- B2 Q- B2 16 Q_ B2 K _N2 26 B_ R3 B_K1 37 B_Q2 B_KB3 but he gil'e lip the EXchange. Possibly 13 B-Q3 B- K2 17 N-K2 , . , . 27 B_B3 Q-N2 38 K-R2 Q-N3 ([me 1)l·esSll1·e. even as early as this. White prepal'eS an attac k with 18 N 28 K-N2 K-R2 39 B_B3 B_N 2 29 . . . . BxR 31 PxP PxP 29 K-B1 F'_R4 40 B_B8 B-R3 Q4, followed possibly by R- QBl and P- QB4. 30 B-Q5 B_KG 32 Q-B4 R-R2 41 K - N2 Drawn 33 QxP KR-Q2! 17 . . , . P_K4! White has so taken the Pawn as to A cen ter counter·action StopS \Vhile's al'oid exchange of Hooks, but now the intentions. pin on the Bishop is \'el'y strong. 18 N_ B1 P-Q4 34 R-Q3 . ' . , 19 Px P N,P Better is 34 P- QR3, D-N4 35 K-R2. 20 K R-K 1 , , . . 34 . , . . B_ N4 H is no longer essential to retain the 35 Q-B3 . . .. Queen Bishop as White's (>ther one is perfectly active and the days of Black's White overlooks the threat. Bad, too, two Bishops are numbered. III 35 P- QH3 becau se of 35 . . . RxB 36 RxR, QxN 37 HxR, Bx:R 38 Q-Q4t. Q-N3 ! t _ c h eck ; :I: _ dbl. check: § d is. ch. The one defense wOI'th tt'ying is 35 B- B4. CH ESS REV IEW, M A.Y , 1951 139 Now Black has a conclusive combination. 22 QR-QNl R-N1 But the challenger counters with a sur· 35 , _ . . Rxe ! 39 K_Q4 QxPt 23 KA_QBl P- QR4 prise, a move of such plebian straight· 36 Ax A Q-NB:t 40 K_K4 R- K1t Again, Black can die passively 01' in forwardness that it comes as a novelty 37 K_B2 R-B1t 41 K-Q3 R-K6t action. among chess aristocrats. And a stl'ong 38 K-Q3 Q- N8t Resigns 24 P-N5 P-B4 move it is, above all. 9 • • • • N_QB3 Botvinni k 2 S myslov 2 25 P-N6! • • • • Decisive. Black now has two weak. More flexible, though less entel·pl·ising. artificially isolated Pawns. is 9 ... P - QB3 which. after 10 P-KR3. GAME 5 BxN 11 PxB. permits ei thel' 11 ... N-R3 01' 11 . . . P- QR4. Champion Takes Lead 10 P-KR3 .,N Trying an unusual set·up. Black fails 11 PxB N_ N3 to obtain a satisfactory game or late!' 12 Q-B5 P- B4 to seek chances in complications. A Here is the key move of Black's Pawn goes, and the Champion scores counter-play. He threatens 13 . .. P- B5. his second victory in succession. Quieter but also reasonable is 12 .. . KIN G'S INDI AN DEFENS E P-K3. 13 N_K2 Q- Q3 M. Bot v in nik V. Smyslov White Black Again threatening 14 . . . P-B5 (15 QxQ, BPxQ 16 BxP? RxB! or 16 NxP. 1 P- QB4 N-KB3 4 B_ N2 0-0 QR-Bl 17 K-Nl . NxP) . 2 N-QB3 P_K N3 5 p-Q4 P-Q3 25 .. .. N-K1 3 P- KN3 B-N2 6 N_ B3 6-N5 14 P-K5! • • • • 25 N-Rl is a llOint of no return ! Smyslov deviates from Game 3 (q.v.), • • • Best, even though H conce(\es control trying another unusual set·up. 26 R-K1 N-N2 20 R_ N5 R-R1 of Black's Q4. 27 R-K3 Q-KBl 29 N- R4 Q-B2 7 P-K R3 .,N 30 Q-B3 , 8 BxB N-B3 . . . 9 B-N2 N-Q2 White wins the Queen Rook Pawn and, under the circumstances, ultimately the While this ilne workS out poorly, it game. is unlikely another would do much bet· Q_Q1 ter. White's two Bishops are a strong 30 . .. . P-R4 42 Q- R5 43 N_N 2 asset mainly because he has not yet 31 Rx RP R-N1 N- Q2 32 N- N2 K-R2 44 N_Q1! N_B3 castled. 33 Q- N3 N-N 1 45 Q-N5 Q-K2 10 P-K3 P- K4 34 N- Q3 N- R3 46 P- QR5 Q-R2 11 P-Q5 N-K2 35 R_K1 N_ N5 47 K- Q3 R- B2 P_KB4 12 P-K4 36 Q_R4 Q- K2 48 Q-N2 N-R4 Black Is in a bUnd alley. Normally. 37 K_ B2 KR- Bl 49 R-Nl P_N4 his position requires his last move, but 38 R_R7 N- K1 50 PxP QR- KB1 it is properly effective only If White 39 BXN P,. 51 Q-Q2 R_B5 14 . . . . has castled King-side. 40 Q- N5 K_ B3! N,P N- B3 52 But Black errs decisively. Erroneous, 41 P-A4 K-N1 53 Rx N Q-R7 13 P_K R4i • • • • too, is 14 '" Q- Q4? 15 N-B3 after whIch 54 Q-K1 Threatening P...:R5 with a strong at· Resigns 15 . .. QxQ is even worse than in the tack. Botvin nik 3 Smys)ov 2 game and 15 .. . QxBP?? loses the 13 , •• , P- B5 Queen; 16 B-K2, Q- N7 17 QR- Nl. The only good move is 14 . . . Q-Q2. As To keep the Klng·side as closed as GAME 6 Black then threatens to use Q4 favor· possible (14 P-R5, P-KN4!). 13 . .. N ably bu t White can open the King Rook KB3 permits P-R5 with gl'eat eHect (14 Challenger Challenged file, a critical position arises: e.g.. . . . NxRP 15 PxP) . In adopting a Smyslov variation, Dot· 1) 15 P-K6? QxKP 16 P - Q5, Q-B3! and 14 B-R3! • • • • vlnnlk challenges h is opponent to fight Black ought to win; 2) 15 P- B4? P - K3 Excellent positionally and tactically his own idea. And Smyslov promptly 16 P-KR4, P-KR4 and Black has the edge; threatening 15 B- K6t , K- R l 16 P-R5, does with a surprise move. The ensuing 3) 15 P - KR4! P- K3 (15 ... P- KR4? 16 P-KN4 17 Q-N4, followed by 18 QxNP. sharp complications have no sooner N-B4!) 16 P-R5, N- K2 with a critical 14 . • , • R- B3 started, however, than Botvinnik errs. position: whether White's attack is 15 Q_ K2 .... He heads [or an end·game wh ich, owing really dangerous remains to be seen. to a move he apparently failed to fore· 15 B- K6t, K - Rl 16 P-R5, P-KN4 17 Q 15 PxQ N_ B5 see, leaves him without a chance. N4 is ' now met by 17 . .. N-KBl; or 16 P_B4 KR_Q1 17 B_N2! .... Black might sacrifice the Exchange with GRUE NFELD DEFE NS E fall' chances of holding h is own. V. SmysJov M. Botvinnik White threatens both 18 D-Q5t and IS 15 . . , . B_R3 DxN, PxB 19 N- Q4. Black pI'obably over White Black 16 B-Q2 N- QB4 looked this move when he swapped 1 P_Q4 N- KB3 5 Q-N3 p,p Queens. Now he lacks an adequate (\e· 16 . .. P- R4 first seems better, b\lt 2 P_QB4 P_K N3 6 QxBP 0-0 Black can expect little good fl'om any fense. 3 N-QB3 P- Q4 7 P- K4 B- N5 17 . • • . NxB 19 Bx P ! QR_ N1 quiet procedUre and seeks complications. 4 N_B3 B_N2 8 B-K3 KN - Q2 That his project falls is basically the 18 PxN N_ N5 20 P_B6! K_B2 Smyslov's Variation. The story of this fauit of the opening. Or 20 .. . NxPt 21 K- Nl , ~-~5 22 N variation started with the Botvinnik 17 P-QN4 P_ B6 Q4, K-B2 23 N~N5, N-Q4 24 Rx~! RxR 19 Kx B N-R3 Smyslov game of the 1946 Groningen 18 Q_ B1 BxBt 25 NxBP, and White wins. The text lea(\s 20 P-R3 P- B3 Tournament in which Smyslov got into 21 Q_Q3 to about the same thing, though. N-B2 trouble with 8 .. . N-B3. After that, he 21 N-Q4 P- K3 25 Bx A Black seeks systematically to breach found the text move a n d had many suc· R,. 22 N_N5 N- Q4 26 NxP the Pawn wall. But he lacks the power, cesses with It. Hence, Botvinnlk thinks, RxPt 23 RxN! PxR 27 K_Q2 mainly as the Bishop controlling his quite reasonably, why not challenge tbe K-K3 24 Nx BP KR-QB1 28 N- B3 Resigns QBl rules out use of the Bishop me. challenger to a round against h!mself. t - check; : = dhl. check; § = dis. ch. 9 O-O-o! .. . . Botvlnnik 3 Smyslov 3 140 CH ESS REV IEW, MAY, 1951 N AGAINST MACHINE By BARNIE F. WINKELMAN
J-{"" ';njt r"l1 ar1ide. ,.dlh Lho . dentl,l ft' o .... n poIrl . • ·c are conlenl to a"'all "'It h the surprising . . . Q.KN6 of l.ewitski v, point of ,·lew. \I'e feel It on!)' fA ir he.-e inteTeBl 10 ..ee what machine... which are 10 a liI>.... room for a nother point or vie ..' Arter " II man-made, can dO with man·" Marshall, but it would still ran short of On the m llltet' o( chen robot.. fo' or ou r ,"reat... t «ame- inven tion, che ... _ Ed , the .. • N·QRS of Byrne v. Fi&Cher. Wherever calculation can unlock a criti· The many articles which hive appeared becomes valueless. Whether thereafter cal move, the machine may well be far in various magazines on the prospect of White could " play and win" wou ld be ahead of mere master. It is in such constfucling a machine which. will pl. y known only after much patient research problems that computers perform their chess are somewhat mystifyin, to mere extending over decades. miracles. The master si mply cannot chess pl.)'cr,,* Their impact i. increased At this point - before discussing the cover 5(t many Yaliati ons. It is not a b)' the fact that they are written main · machine and the openings - I ask a matter of lime but of human capacit y - ly by experls who have made pouible simple question. Can we devise a rna· even the ca p.city of an Alekhine, Lasker the wonders of this electronic age - chine that "'ill paint a picture, write a or Ca pabl anca. ranging from automation to guided mis· boo k or compose a symphony ? 1£ we Other types of combinations may be fed 15iles and earth utellite• . reali:r.e that ma~t e r chess lies in this realm into the machine, and IS time goes by - The later fi eld seems so far beyond of artistic creation, the obstacles that con· and if there be time and money for such the ken of the chess expert that one 111:5i· front mathematical solutions become an effort - the machine may grow in tates to voice disagreement with mathe· clear. One is tempted to ask - can a l'cope and site and discernment. At an maticians and engineers, wh o not only mach ine compose a chess problem? early poin l. the machine may excel the bestride the modern world but have larle. This point of vjew seems to denate thl: master in ferretin,: ou t a best move, even I,. crealed iI. It wo uld be folly to flinl claims of cyberneticish that they cln de· as a machine Tuns \t head of man in fore· the word " impossible" at those whose vise a chess rohot. Adually, it may be casting weather, an election or the tra· achievements have outmoded. that word. that this is exactly what &cience - within jectory of a guided miuile. Yet I long di" ettation on the chu. limi1$ - can do. Or. more properly, in But calculation is only a small part of machine in CHESS RF;VI£wt ron!ains a many fields the electronic computer is far chess. The art of chess, the strategy and belaled reference 10 Ihe billions of moves ahud of the most gifted mathematician tactics of clieas. is I continuous process _ in the mere opcnin, and indicates the fu· or engineer in finding the answers to of creation and construction. A glme of tility of many seemingly analagous de· complex problems involyi ng a greal num· chess has vallie only insofar as it adds vi ces. The problem is not clarified by ber of factors. A coml'uter, it seems, can w mething to the lore of the past. Th\! reference, to a m81'!h ine which plays a find the most efficient plane tlesign in a old combinations, the trite maneuvers, game wit h less pi ece~ and a boaroi of 36 fraction of the time a battery of experts wh ich can be fed into our maclline hy squares or to a machi ne Ihat plays tk · would struggle with the intricate combi· formu lae, rail short of tou rnament chess. tac-toe or to one that t ~ l ls how much in· nations. A si mple analolY is the machine which surance a man of 34 with 3 child ren. a To pose the simple!t chess problem : translates Greek into English - a process S6000 job and a $12,000 mortgage should a two moyer that would use only White that, after fiily years of refinement, will carry. King and Queen or, e,'en more simply, ~ t ill be something less than a Macaulay AU such eXimples aTtl horribly "'ide of Kin e Ind Rook against the Black King. or even a Chapman. the mark, cloud thr essential difficulties. TIte machine could do this easily, but It is therefore necessary that our aims. and perhaps retard - rather than ad· note the figures. By trial and error, each our pretensions and our objectives be vance - pros pects of 5(')iution. piece can occupy one of 64 squares. With· under&t oo d clearly. The purpose can be To comment only on the 6x6 board and out benefit of training in probabilities, only a limited one - to construct a mao 24 pieces, with a few games actually my analysis would be that the machine chine which will make moves of a sort. played by a machine ! To construct the would have to screen 64 x 64 x 64 opera· That ohj ectiye i. far less ambitious th an machine an expert mllst understand the tions. There would be not une but many a cheh rnll. chine It S described in the sci· strategy and tactics of the game. Who answers. With King and Rook, the an· en tific magazines. A sim ple beginning today knows what the 36 squares hold ? swers are almos t self·evidenl. might ~ made with a machine which would 3CHlJe a · two move chess problem. Who could write a simple manual on But 15 the number of pieces increases, Ihe proper openings? Our present kno wl· the permutations - if that is the right There are implications that such a rn a· edge of standard chess is the result of word - become awesome in number. So chine is a reality, and innuendo that it is two thouu nd years of trial and error, of rar we speak o( a two move problem. so easy to construct as to be beneath the research and in, pitatio n, of genius I t What of a 3 or 4 mover or an ending? effort of cybernetiCS. To date, 1 have work in sucanive I,eneral ions of ch" . How mathematically e\'olve the endings not seen such a machine. I believe I enthusillts. Anlone familiar with the of a Rinck, .. T roitski, a Kubbel or the chess miller could be helpful to the con· evolution of chess theory knows that no more hiUlrrc endings of the modern Rus· struction yf such a machine, and once it in che;;s expert cnuld possibly glim pse the sian school? Were operl tion, i1$ possibilities and limitations would become clearer. hidden lines in I new game in a month, [ am weU aware that mere millions of To begin at the beginning. We devise !I year, or a life- lime. In fact, if the operations offer no obstacles to computers. a machine which will "make moyes." It standard glme is II ltered in the slightest For mid.game chess, we may set up for wi ll Icarn to pil Y chess precisely as a u by trlnsposing Kn ight and Bishop mulae for 2, 3, 4 or even 5 and 6 move chil d learns to play. The rule! of the the entire library of chen openings mates or fo r gain of maLerial, and th~ game, and then the simplest maneuvers machine can test each position for luch will be fed into it. The machine will be combinat ions. Thus might be uncovered at a seri ous disadvantage. Il cannot make t " experiments In Che"" on Electronic C:om its own deductions or indulge in inde· pllttnl' lIfa c htn~~." by P . Stetn and S. Utarn. CHESS RE .... I EW. p. 13. J anuary. 1957 . pendent thinking, or in trial and error CH!SS UVIEW, MAY, 1951 141 outside the formulae fed into it. It op· the law, the limitation of a machine is above terms, if we seek a solution ou t· erates un & single track, and creative in· ,!ven more sharply defined. After you side the mystic. ven tion or discovery is beyond it. have packed II com prehensive law library On the other hand, man as a machine The machine has this advantage: it into a co mputer, and kept it up 10 date functions on 11 plane incom parably higher will not make mist akes. wil h data from 57 j urisdicti ons and sev· than any product of his thinking. His In the openi ng, the advantage - as 10 eral thousand court$, yo u may not pin· facullies defy every challenge. We have memory and calcul alion - is with the point a case exactly "on all fouu ," as in tricate machines and more intricate machine. If we put inlo ii, as apparently every lawyer knows. Or what is more computers. Some perform operations we can, the opening lore of the major bewildering, you will end up wi th dozens that distllntly resemble manual or semi· tournaments of record - a not ov erwhelm· of cu es pro and con, and you have fi· skilled functions of man. But the totality in g job - plu! analyses and lines in nally arrived at what is merely the be· of the human organism, wi th its faculty hook and magazines from Canberra to gi nning of the lawye r's fu nction. of breathing, digestion, locomotion, self· Vitebsk, there will be no forgetting. It The simple fact is that professional repair, reproduction, defense, with its five will automatioally select the best vll ria· j udgment - whether it be that of doctor. senses and dozen extrasensory powers tions and the best replies according to lawyer or chess master - begins at the makes com parison with any mechanical lale!t grandmaster re!earch. The memory precise point where a machine fi nishes contriva nce inane. of a Gruenfeld or Reti will be as nolhing its wo rk. There is the van chasm be· The role of the subconscious, the abiHty against its in fallibility. tween mere complexilY and the imponder. 01 man to ponder hi s problems wh en he The machine will play flawless open· able. As to the fi rst, the machine out· is asleep or engaged in other acti vities, ings, particularly against experts who &e. performs man many times; as to the sec· the thousand faculties of his min d and leet stlllldard replies. Opening play of ond, the machine is helpless, because the the miracles of his brain, his re·action machine against machine would be a fa ctors involved comprise the whole of to the sea of knowledge and experience battle of panel against panel, of school man and man's backgrou nd and experi· around him, and to the vaster seas th'1I1 against school - a consultation game on ences. Even science and the cy berneti. swept his myriad ancestors, all culmin llt. a grand scale, with each machine as skill. cists have not yet suggested that we in· ing in the priceless poem, opera, sym· ful in its choice of moves and variations stall computers in public office, let them phony nr pa inting of a creative artist, as the masters who make the selection of take on the functions of jurists or prime point up the yawning gulf between man " best lines." ministers, or prescribe for mental or physi. and machine. Thus rar we have broken no new cal ills. Imaginalion and inspiration do remain, ground, devised nothing which is novel. To return 10 our chess openings. The though modern science has probed and We already have such giant computing machine is primed with the best variations dissected Ihe ve ry process of learning. machines for chess, and for history -and - though "the best" in final analysis is The new generation in science ·as in chess literature, for the law and medicine III subject to differences of opinion among has new ideas 'and begins by demolition well. We call these devices by other experts. How screen out the thousands of the structures of the past. To the names: a book of openings, an encyclo: of inferior moves and the millions of aim· extent that chess is explicable in terms of pedia, Corpus J uris, Gray's Anatomy or less moves? How attain - even at this mathematics and formulae, the machine is Osler's Medicine. The Library uf Can· early stage - the inspired move, the more than a challenge. It is the iron gren, the Widener Li brary at Harvard, fla sh of brilliance - against precept and horse pi tted against the weary pedestrian, the Public Library in each ci ty and town, general rule - wh ich is unattainable even a jet or turbo-jet racing Dr. Bannister. is each a built.in·com puter, with mechani· by good chess players? But, 0 0 the level of healing, of fantasy, cal processes for extracting desired facts [n the dimensions of infini ty. man him· of creation or compassion, the mechanical or solutions. In the law, this process is self is -a UN IVAC. Instincts, memories. marvel is no riva l of the good doctor. so easy that the effort to feed tile digests re fl exes have been built in over endless The chief complaint of the chet.s master into a machine would not be worth the time. In his nervous system, formulae is that the scientist is carried away by cosi. Indexes and cross.indexes, the so· have been imbedded - infinite in num· his expectations and aspirations. The called Sheppard's manuals that bring any Der and variety - which !8tisfy his needs simple assertion that he can devise a rna· case right up to date, do so much of the and safeguard his security. Even the chine that will supplant the master or work of research that a UNIVAC or a new·born and pre· born react instinctively. perform hi! tuk carries menace -and in · MA NIAC would serve little purpose. The ronnulae piled on formulae take care of ~u lt. and it is well that the scienti st point is that a dictionary, a compendium, all but the barest fraction of man's smile as he utters it. I recall that Zweig's a the!auras embodies the fi rst features of processes. actions and thinking. The be· The Gamt oj Chen carried a similar im· .'iuch a machine with the later steps there· havior of animah, the bull at bay, the plication - a moronic monster, dead to afte r to be taken by Ihe researcher. The mongoose in attack. the cobra in defense, all but the arithmetic of the 64 squares. job of translation shows d early the va lue the fli ghl of birds, the mating ha bits of the world champion. I know of no grand. and the shortcomin gs of a computer. In every species, seem ex plicable onl y in Ihe master of chess who in [he slightesl fi ned
2 3 -'"
142 CHESS REVIEW, MAY, 1951 that pi cture, and I know that Zweig knew a master is a rich experience, revealing little of clless and nothing of the magnifi a mind at its highest speed, screening out cent minds and personalities which have the irrelevant, ~ i sclos i ng the key' move held the world titlc. which unlocks the position. I recall the air}' statements of several On the higher levels of judgment and scientists at P rinceton, that they found the imponderables, the machine grinds to J chess too simple and easy and amused a halt. It lacks the power of " inter· themselves by playing chess in the third related" thinking. T hose who have taught dimension. I recall the boasts of others chess or conducted advanced classes in - of one that he was rescrving chess fo r the creative arts or sciences understand his old age; of another that he would the shortcomings of 'the m'Bchine. On heat all rhe masters by employing "psy that plane, the teacher is merely guide chology." And so on ad nauseum. or counsdlor; the talen ted student pro· There are formidable obstacles to be duces every result above mediocrity. overcome even on the mechanical level in I shall not belahor the ohvious. I have the task of constructing It chess computer. the highest respect for the miracles which Will it be geared to play all the openings electronic computers have performed, and or merely It single opening and It single the greater miracles they have opened up. defense? If it play many variations, how But, in each field, we are deali ng with make th e choice? No doubt by chance. the mind of man, a fearful and wonder· The machine will be guided by formulae fu l instrument. That mind functions in and also by analogy. Thousands of typi. ehess as it does in medicine or art. Cyber. cal positions may he fed into it. The dual nctics will gain most if its approach to No.1 Whi le draws By Henri Ri nck process -- of logic and eXperience - the chess mind is less dogmatic and as· which is the key to man's own thinking sertive; if it accords to the grandmaster as he plays the game. will serve the rna· ran k and status equal to its own . ch ine alsu. Formulae will screen possi. To date, science speaks in generalities ble moves for the typical move which fits nn this subject and has not yet come to general patterns of mobility or what have grips with specific problems. Chess end· you. A specific re·checking will try to ings wi ll confront the machine with a uncover the unique, the rare brilliancy, colossal task. Here it will function at its the mo\'e whi ch mere generalities must best and at ils worst. Berger's Tre(ltise overlook. and many others on this phase of the Yet all this is far from the creath'e game will have to go into the machine. function of the master. The ability to Special formulae will lJa ve to cover end· leave the known, to step into the un· ings such as Rook and Bishop or Rook Jettison the cargo. I?xplored is the mark of fine chess, The and Knijl:ht against Rook, Bishop ami classic games of Capablanca each added Knight against the lone King. Rook By Henri Ri nck "someth ing new" to chess lore. A great against Bishop. Queen against Rook. I No, 2 White draws problem or ending makes a simi lar con· am not convinced that all of such endings tri bution. can be reduced to formulae. But, if there The bel ief that. out of the changing he money enough, I see a long.term job patterns of chess struggle. pure mathe· ahead for many chess masters. matics will evolve the inspired moves of We get back to space and time, and chess literature, overlooks a truism of the money. Given unlimi ted quantities of game. Originality, it has been said, is each of these, a chess machine of a sort the essence of strength, and the impact can be constructed. In the process, sci· of a move or combination is directly reo encc will make new discoveries, and , lated to its qualities of novelty and chess, too, will find, among many other unI queness. things. resemblances between the func· tioning of man and his machines. The Chess writers have at times emphasized 'Tis stalemate! mathematical values - space. time, the road to even simple goals is a long one, center. But mere method has never pro· and science and che3s must walk hand in duced notable chess. The game cannot hand in mutual respect and understand· No. 3 White wins By Henri Ri nck he reduced to simple elements, Even the ing. The greatest of mathemat.icians and count of Pawns is a pitfall , and higher physicists have voiced the fascination and strategy yields a Pawn (or a mo bility pleasure in the higher reaches of science. wh ich is not always apparent. Chess Dr. Nils Bohr is quoted to this cHect in a rises above logistics and figures. II current issue of Life. The late Dr. Albert teaches its devotees many things - some Einslein so expressed himself in his Fore· the psychologists and psychiatrists are word to the biography of Dr. Emanuel now discovering. A good chess· player l.asker ( Hannak ). Chess has for its has always known that he may grapple serious devotees a similar lure and enjoy. wit h a problem for hours in vain, and ment. I suspect that, at the highest levels, then. after a night's sleep strike on the the concepls of each of these have much sol ution in five or ten minutes. in common. If it be charged that the Chess·players have long reali1.ed that chess master's efforts edify and amuse The try that failed. the subconscious mind is capable of per. without building a new world, it can be fo rmance beyond the reaches of conscious answered that his work cannot be di· thinking. A simultaneous exhibition by verted into channels which will destroy it. Sol utions on page 159. CHESS REVtEW, MAY, 1957 143 By B.
MUCH UI'\CLEAN WATER has trickled und er the write down the moves. Clearly. if one bridge since Ihe bygone era of Staunton when Illayc r goes to the trouble of keepi ng a fu ll and complete score of tlie game while masters scored too large a portion of thei r vic· hi!: (l IIIIOlielit does not, he is laboring under tories by means of the reprehensible trick of a timc·IHllldicap (if the reader thinks this "outsitting" their opponents. Besieged, ex· is a minor point , just let him sec how hausted and defeated, Ihe poor chess.player long it takes) . pleaded for sorely needed rel ief. Technology The number of cases involving time harkened to the piteous wail and eventually squabbles anel important decision s is legion. and many of these require the produced the chess·clock which subsequently wisdom of a Solomon on the part of the became mandatory equipment for all tourna· referee for him to arbitrate justl)'. In ment play. Arthur B, Bisguier the recent Manhattan Chess Cluh Cham. pionship, an in teresting si tuation occurred The chess.clock was eminently successful U, S. Champion in achieving its primary object of restricting in my game with Walter Shipman. Walter's flag had fa llen on the thirty·seven th the lime allotted fo r a stipula ted number of moves, thu s considerably move ; and, seeing his fla g had fa llen, facilitating the scheduling of rounds and games by insuring that all games Walter stopped his clock. I interpreted of normal length be concluded wilhin a reasonable ti me. Yet it must be this action as a gcs ture of resignation pointed out (for the benefit of any stay.at.home chess·player who may and made the usual polite words one be laboring under the misapprehension that all time problems were now usua]])' utters at such times. But Walter, peering ilt his clock, had noticed that the brought to an end) that the chess·clock carried in its train vast new flag had fallen prematurel)· and that the areas of confusion. mechanism of the clock was clearly at fault. Thongh we usually start the cloek.~ WE KNOW. for example, that when a pia)', correct (since, if it is not , a frequent in· a fu ll minutc before the hour to allow er has taken more than hi s allolled time, terpretation has been that neither side fo r minor inaccuracies, this was, in the he must be forfeited. This statement should be f"rfeited). opinion of the director (and I eon{'ur) , sounds quite si mple, clear and unambig. It is j ust this polic)" howevcr. of in more than a minor mishall. So the came uous; )'et it is anything but an easy joh dividual interpretation of FIDE rules continued. e ~ e ntual1 y ending in a draw. to determine whether a player ha~ over· which fails to stand up under scrutiny, It is interesting to note, however, that, stepped the time·limit. If the d ock i~ Ilrecisely because the rul es have been had Waller's flag dropped on the for· not equipped with fl ag:;, the poo r tourna· wriU,,;n in such a loose and ambiguous tieth move, when he had less than a min· ment director or referee has to rely on his. mann';f In the last Rosenwald Tourna. ute to go, hc would have forfeited (as good eyesight and judgment. If the clock ment, a double forfeit occurred. There has the cluh rules provide in consequence of is equipped with flags, then it must be been considerable criticism of the referee's the extra mi nut e at the start of the game) . ascertaincd that the me c hani ~ m is in good decision, and this criticism, 'I> my mind. But. ~in e e his flag had faUen wh en he working order ; for, all too oh en. the fl al is unjust. To the best knowledge of the still had two min utes left, it could not seems 10 fall prematu rely. Then, 100, an· referee b .. lh players had overstepped the fall again - it sounds rather like an other problem presents itself with regard lime control. The onus of prov in g that analogy to the double jeopardy clause to the actual detcrminatio n of the pre· the requisite lI umber of movC5 had been in law. cisI' number of nll)\'es played. Of course, made is on the players themselvea, and I would lik('. to cl08e on the note that, if hoth players lHI\'C complele. up·to·date the only uasis for this proof is a com· though mos t el f us moan the lack of a scores, there is no diHiculty; hut this CfC· plete and aCCUT/lie score. clear, definite code of rules c(lIlering the currence, as might he imagined, is the 1 am informed that, in the latest rule time.clock and time difficulties, I thi nk exceptional case rather than th e rule. changes of the FIDE, there has been con· that, secretly, we fi le all quite happy U ~ ua l1 y , when one or both of the pla yers 8iderable improvement with regard 10 the about the .. itllation. After all, how e l.~ c are pressed for time, the score sheets clarification of the book.keeping function could we "alll,i" all our lost games ! either are blank or resemble some ancient of score.keeping. If so, then a tremendous Apropos of time ddfieuiti.·s, st.e the form of hierogl), phics. TlIUS, the tourna· ~ t r ide forward has been made. Chess· f o ll ow i n~ game. ment director has the odious task of de· pla ~' e r:> understand that ther are to keep termining : l) if the requisite number of a score of the game, but they don't know THE FOLLOWING 1s r ·.'!·baps !D r most lnO'-es has heen pla)'ed ; 2) if one or both what penaities rna)' he invoked if the)' fa il drama lie timE'·pres!! ure ga.me. H ared In of the players hal'e taken too much lime; in this fllnction and, perhaps e,'en more lbe 8th round of IlSt year'R U. S . "Open" and 3) if the score sheet of the player to import.ln1. a player can't be quite sure as Cbess Cbampiunsll lll. It was Instrumenlill whom the forfeit point is to be awarded is to how he can compel an opponent to in enabling me to gain tbe title. 144 CHESS REVtEW, MAY, t9H Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 1956 KING'S INDI AN DEFENSE A. Blsguler O. Popovych White Black 1 P-Q4 N-KB3 5 B_N5 P-B4 2 P-QB4 P-K N3 6 P_Q5 0-0 3 N-QB3 B-N2 7 Q- Q2 Q-R4 4 P_K4 P-Q3 8 B- Q3 R- K1 9 KN_K2 N_R3 Minioture games ore the hors d'oeuvres of chess. Black's maneuver is out of place with his Queen at R4 and results only i n a, serious loss of tempi (as will be seen Match. 1907 Monte Carlo. 1902 from the following note), A short. sharp struggle ill a World Black's early sacrifice of a Rook dis· 10 0-0 N-B2 Championship game. combobulates his naive opponent 11 P-QR3 . . . . FRENCH DEFENSE SICILIAN DEFENSE Dr. E. Lasker F. J. Marshall A. Reggio s. Tarrasch White Black White Black 1 P_ K4 P-K3 10 O-O-O! ? QxRP 1 P- K4 P_QB4 4 P-Q4 P.P 2 P-Q4 P-Q4 11 P-Q5J P.P 2 N_QB3 N_QB3 5 N.P N_B3 3 N-QB3 N-KB3 12 B_N5 K_B1 ! 3 N_B3 P- K3 6 Nj4-N5 B-N5 4 B-NS B_N5 13 B.N P.B 7 B- KB4 . . . . 5 P.P Q.P 14 Ql(KBP Q- RSt 6 B.N P.B 15 K-Q2 Q-R4t 7 Q-Q2 B.N 16 P- B3 R_N1 8 Q.B N_ B3 17 N_N5! Rl(Pt 9 N-B3 KR_N1 18 K- K 1 • • • •
1 1 • • • • N-R3 The threat was 12 P- QN4 and, if 12 .. PxP 13 PxP, QxP 14 KR- Nl, Q-n~ 15 B- K3, the Queen is trapped. 12 P- B4 N-KN5 13 B_B2 ..•. A many·pronged move which speal'S Black. 7 . . . . N.P 11 B-Q2 N- QS! 8 N- B7t K_B1 12 Q-Q3 Q-K4t 13 . . . . P- B4 9 Nl(R Q- B3 13 B_K3 N- RS§ An oversight but bardly open to severe 10 Q-B3 N.N 14 P_ B3 NxNP criticism. Besides the text continuation. 15 Q_N1 Bx? mate White threatened 14 P-KR3 and. if 14 18 . . . • RxN ! . . . N-B3, 15 P- K5; or. If 14 ... N- KR3. 19 Q- Qat Drawn 15 P- ll5. White p'l'udently takes the perpetual New York. 1918 14 B-QR4 R-Bf check. White smashes Black's cramped posi· 15 Bl(P • • • • tion which has been weakened by • • • A careless and sloppy move which P- KH3. transforms an easy win into a compli eated struggle. Simply 15 PxP leaves (Cont inued from CHESS BISCUITS PH ILIDOR'S DEFENSE White with an overwhelmIng game. on preceding co lumn) H. Borochow J. McCudden 15 . • . . R- B2 18 B_K7 P- K 6 White Black 16 BxP PxP 19 Q_B1 B-B4 Black heads into a vel'itable maelstrom of combinations. What with both players 1 P-K4 P- K4 6 0-0 0 - 0 17 B-KS R-B3 20 Bl(R Bl(B 2 N-QB3 N-KB3 7 B-K3 P-B3 21 B-NS B-QS In severe time pressure and the specta· tors standing on chairs, the situation 3 N-B3 P-Q3 0 P-Q R4 Q- B2 This j, th, move I hod underrated. was Quite tense. 4 P-Q4 QN-Q2 9 PxP PxP 22 P-N4 Q-Q1 24 P- R3 N_B7 5 B-QB4 B_K2 10 Q-K2 P- K R3 31 Nl(B NxR 33 NxR N- B8t 23 R-El3 Q-R5 25 P.P 11 N-R4J R-K1 • • • • 32 N_ K6 Bl(N 34 K-N1 Q.P Not 25 RxP, N-Q6, Black wins th, This is the position which Black had Rook. '" ~nvisioned . Now. if 35 QxB? Black has K_R1 25 . . . . BxBP 28 K-R2 35 . . . Q- R7t 36 KxN, Q~R8 mate. In 26 Q-K1 B-KNS 29 B-Q7 R-KB1 deed, the sitUation seems most treach· N_K5 27 R-N3 B-R4 30 N-R4 erous. 35 Q-B3t K-N1 36 Q-N7t • • • • The saving clause which leads to a clear liQuldation. Black had overlooked it and considered only 36 B- K6t \vhich l eads to absolutely nothing. 36 . . . . . KxQ 37 N-K6t Resigns 12 BxPt! K.B 14 NxN Q-Q3 The resignation is quite Justified: e.g., 13 Q-B4t N-Q4 15 N_B4§ Resigns 37 . , . K - B3 38 NxQ, N - N6 39 R- Kl, If 15 . . K - B3, 16 N- R5 mate. and White captures the dangerous King Pawn with an elementary end-game win. t :::: check; :j: _ db!. check; § = dis. ch. CHESS REVIEW, MAY, 1957 145 A SHO HISTORY OF CHESS By Henry A. Davidson. M. D.
Chapter 16. The Checkering of the Board references which take th e checkering for granted. One (about 1280) is in Alfonso's collection of rules which bears the phrase, "TiJ all a chait ... board of night5 and "1Ft are bUI pieres ill a game· 01 rlUJI -E dn)'! Played by great Heallen in in wayward. los xvi d'una color ("and sixteen of Where DeJli,,), with men IQr pieus ,leU these" - meaning the squares of the pf Chapter 17. Development of Chess Vacabulary Arabic /irz and at Iii. The reasons for preferring adoption to translation here As chess entered each country, it was all the Persian designations, with the are obvious. While Persian lanin made necessary to develop there a special vo· possible exception of rllkh, were simple sense, as it meant "counselor," the Arabic cabulary. The new words were taken over translations from the Sanskrit. adaptation as /irz had no meaning (out. from the corresponding chess terms in thO! Adoption. When a new country first ac side of chess) in that tongue, since their former country in one of four ways: 1) word for "counselor" was wazir (vizier) by translation, 2) by adoption, 3) by quired the game, it would often happen that simple translation wo uld not serve, not lirz. When the game entered Europe, homophony and 4) by neologism. either because the original meaning was the word, lirz, provided no basis for trans· Translation. If the word in the older no longer applicable (as with the ele· lation since it had no non·chess meaning, country has an everyday meaning which phant of ancient chess) or because the and so it was simply adopted. And, seems appropriate, the probability is that original meaning was lost. In such a case, while al lil (bishop) had a common players in the new country will simply the "new" country often adopted the term enough meaning in Arabic (it meant "the translate it. Thus, the piece which the bodily. merely altering it to suit their elephant") , the animal seemed inappropri. ate to European court manners or battle French called roi became in Engli~h the habits of spelling and pronunciation. Our "king," in simple translation. English English "rook," for example, is not a customs, so there I'(ould have been no chess terms came primarily from the translation of its French equivalent, roc, point to a direct translation. The only French, but the king is the only chess but rather an Anglicization of it. The English name (other than "rook") which piece which owes its English designation medieval European designations lers and entered the language by the adoption to simple translation. On the other hand, al/in were simple adaptations of the route was "pawn," an adaptation of the 146 CHESS REVIEW, MAY, t9S1 old French poun (see chapter 6, p. 208, ish used this term for a while, but then, should have known better, persisted in de· July, 1956). As mentioned previo usly, the hy the process described in chapter 4, riving shatranj from a phrase, meaning name of the game itself in English is an elected to call it a "bishop." The Ger· "k"mg ~ somet h'"mg. Th e ot herwlse ' au· adaptation of the French echecs, in turn man name for the piece, Laufer ("runner" thoritative En.crclopedia. oj Islam (page an adoption (not a translation) from the or "courier"), is also a neologism. The 338 of volume 4), for instance, gives Italian scacchi. British designation, "queen," is also one, shatranj as meaning "Oh, King." .Jones, since the older English name was fers or usually well informed about matters of Homophonr. Frequently, a borrow'ed word jerz. and the new name was assigned in chess history, thinks that shatranj meant would look or sound like a word which English without the intercession of any the "king's distress." These etymologies already existed in the language of the other language. (connecting the word, shatranj, with the receiVing country. For instance, the Ital· word, shah) are incorrect since shah was ians first "adopted" the Arabic word The Processes at Work. Using the initial not originally the Arahic for "king" at rukh, Italianizing it to rocco. But there letters, T, A, Hand N, for translation, all. The word. shah, was originally Per· happened to be a good Italian word, rocca. adoption, homophony and neologism, as sian ; yet the Persian name for the game meaning "fortress," and this looked and explained above, we may indicate the was not shatranj hut chatrang, so that the sounded like rocco. And rocca made sense, processes by which the English names of root, shah, could not have been consoli· since there is a reasonable place for a the chess piece8 were acquired. dated into the name of the game. The fo rtress in battle (especially as a refuge KING : Sanskrit rajah, T to Persian shah, Arabic name re·entered the Persian Jan· for a king, in "castling"). This process, A to Arabic shah. T to Italian re, T to guage after the Moslem conquest of Iran which may be called "homophony," played French roi, T to English king. (in 641), particularly after the Persians an important role in chess lexicography. QUEEN: Sanskrit mantri, T to Persian adopted the Arabic form of writing. Thus, Another example is the development of the jarzin, A to Arabic fir: , A to old Italian in modern Persian there appears to be word birs ("lion or tiger") in Mongol fercia, A to svnthetic Latin jertia, A to some connection - in sound and form at chess as the consort of the king. Cammann old French jierge, H to French vierge, N least - between the words for "king" and explains it: "The Persian for "vizier" is to English queen. "chess" (shah and sllalranj) , but the firz, but, as the Mongols cannot pronounce ROOK : Sanskrit ral.ha, T tn Persian rlikh, liaison is spurious, since shalranj is not an f, they changed it to biTS . They already A to Arabic r!lkh, H to Italian rocca, T basically a Persian word at alL had a word, birs, meaning "big cats" to French chateau. T to English castle - (lions, tigers, leopards, etc.) and, in time, nlso from Italian rocca, A to French roc, Ihey forgot the new meaning (vizier). A to English rook. Thus, when they began to lise actual fig· BISHOP : Sanskrit gaja, T to Persian pil, PLASTI C CHESSME N ures to replace the conventionalized chess· T to Arabic af jil, H to Italian at/iere. men of the Persians, they carved lions A to Old English auJin. N to English and tigers instead of the viziers." bishop. Homophony has also been responsible KNIGHT: Sanskrit asva. T to Persian liSp, for many misleading trails and spurious T to Arabic jaras, T to Italian cavallo. etymologies. The fact that the first three T and N to French crwalier, l' to English letters of the Arabic name of the game knight. (sha/rauj) happen (by coincidence) to hc PAWN : Sanskrit padali, T 10 Persian identical with the first three letters of I'iradah, A to Arabic baidaq, T to Ital. the adopted Arable name for king (shah) ian pedone, A to Old French pion and has given rise to numerous false etymolo. poun. A to English pawn. gies (sec shatran; below). Homophony also played a role in the medieval desig. Th e /fiord. Shalranj. The Arabic wo rd for nations for bishop (as detailed III Chap. "chess" is shafran;, which is an adapta. ler 4, p. no, April, 1956) . tion of lhe Persian cllatrang (the latter being an adaptation of chaturanga, San· /\'eologism. A neologism is a new word. ~krit for "army"). When the Arabs in· These Plastic Chessmen are made of When none of t.he above processes seemed vaded Persia and heard of chatrang, they durable Tenite and molded in the basic Staunton pattern. Sturdy and practical, satisfactory, the chess players of the reo had difficulty pronouncing it since the they are made in tlll·ee sizes: Tourna· ceiving country simply took one of their hard ch- and the hard -g were equally ment Size with 5" King. for use on 2% own common words and assigned it to the alien to their language. Hence, the best or 2¥.," square:'!; Standard Size in 2·sec· piece. Thus, the designation, "bishop," thev could do with chatrang was to soften tion case. with 2%." King. for use on is a neologism. When the English reo both the initial and final letters to shat. 1* to 2~8" squares; Student Size with ceivcd the lame from the French, the ran.j. Since the first three leiters of this 2%" King. [or use on 1% to 1%" squares. la ttp]" were calling the piece, aufin, an word are identiral with those of shah (Per. All sizes are weighted and felted, avail· adaptation of the Arabic al lil. The Brit· sian for king) , many observers, who able in Black & Ivory and Red & Ivory. (See Student Size above.) No. 70-Student Size ______$ 4.50 • Thus, in the chaster On No. 71-Same but in Red &. tvory_$ 4.50 A , C D , F G H '''rhe Notation ot hess,'· page F'ebruary issue, No. SO-Standard Size ______$ 6,50 the diagrams", showing the C, OK F. Gk Uk systems at notation are No. 81 _ Same but in Red &. [vory_$ 6.50 " " mOMly checkered as in No, 110_Tournament Size ______$19 .50 AL " CL EL FL GL He the present day practice. " But that. shOWing 12th No. 111- Same but in Red &. Ivory $19.50 A. "... C. 0. E. F. G. H. century French notation. "M checkered. A. s., C. E. F. G. H. "'liS "M <0, original."' Send for comptete catalog of equipment "while a 15th'" century ItaI"· M CO ""00 EO HO ian system. aga.in taken eo from the ori~nar. is '" checkered. C eckering A, C. D. E. F. "6, H. seems to be lost also MAIL YOUR OR DER TO Ko~a.n Japanese'" ,." eQ DO E. FQ GQ H. chess as their Chinese CH ESS REVIEW original '"'used '" '" squares but the "0'intersec - 250 West 57th Street, New York 19, N. Y. 12th Century French tiO M of the line$. '"' 15th Century Italian CHESS REVI EW, MAY, 1957 147 IN A WOODEN CHESS SET YOU WILL FIND NO BETTER BUY Than WAR OF NERVES TALENT AND COURAGE versus talent and courage produces boundless THE CRAFTSMAN excitement - the epic battle. Here, at Berlin, 1920, Grandmaster Tar .. asch (White) engages Grandmaster Tartakover in an unorthodox Queen A Superb Chess Set Pawn Opening, a variation (If the AlLin Counter Gambit. The debut is dangerous for both ~ides. The game Legins with 1 P- Q4, P-Q42 P- QB4, P- K4 3 PxKP, P-Q3 4 N- KB3, P-QB4 5 P- K3, N-QB3 6 PxP. Cover scoring table at line indicated. Set up position. make Black's next move (exposing table just enough to read it). Now guess White's 7th move, then expose it. Score par if your move agrees; zero, if not. Make move actually given, opponent's reply. Then guess White's next and so on. COVER WHITE MOVES IN TABLE BELOW. EXPOSE ONE liNE AT A TIME White p" Black Your Selection Your Played Score Played for White's move Score 6 ... p,p RE you looking for a wooden chess 7 B- Q3 ______3 7 . .. . KN-K2 (.) ------A se t of distin guished design, exacting 8 QN-Q2 ______3 8 . 6-KN5 9 Q-N3 ______3 · .. ------workmanship and long-lasting durabilityy 9 . .. . Q-B2 ------at a reasonable price? If your are, then 10 0-0 ______3 10 . .. 0-0-0 11 R-Kl ______3 · ------THF. CRAFTSMAN is the set for you. 11 . · N-N3 12 P_KR3 ______3 . ------Its pieces are shaped in the graceful 12. · . • B-K3! ------13 B-K4! ______4 13 . . . . N/NxP lines of the famous Staunton pattern, in ------14 NxN ______3 14 . . • . QxN a smoothly finished wood, called Tsuge 15 N-B3 ______3 ------15 . .. . Q-QB4 ------one of the finest and most expensive in 16 B-B4 (b) • ______6 16 • • • • B-Q3 ------Japan- and are perfectly weighted for 17 BxN ______5 17 .... PxB 18 BxB ______3 - - - - -~ ------balance at the base, which is felted with. 18 .... RxB (c) ------billiard cloth. The King is 3'i2 inches 19 N_K5 ______3 19 ... KR_Q1 high, wit h. a 134 inch base; and the other 20 Q-R4 (d) ______4 20 .... P_Q6 21 P_QN4 ______3 men are in the true Staunton proportions. 21 .... Q-Q5 -,------22 NxQBP ______4 22 .... RxN ------The pieces, which come in deep black 23 QxRt ______3 23 .... K_ Nl ------and sleek yellow, are beautifully turned 24 P-B5 ______3 24 .... P_Q7 ------out and carved. A particularly lovely de· 25 KR_Ql ______3 25 .... B_B4 ------_. ----- tail is the wonderful carving done on the 26 Q- N5 t ______3 26 . ... K-B2 ------Knights- in the best tradition of famed 27 Q- R5t ______3 27 ... ,K-Nl 28 P-N5 ______4 ------oriental workmanship. 28 .... B_B7 29 P-N6 ______4 29 . .. R-Q2 This outstandingly good.looking set is ------30 PxPt ______4 30 .... K-Rl ------b oxed attractively in sturdy Nara wood, 31 P-B6 ______4 31 .. . . R-Q4 favored for furniture and flooring because 32 P_ B7 ______4 32 .. . . B-84 ------of its durable kualities. 33 P-B8{Q) t ______5 33 .... BxQ ------Striking to look at and perfect for chess 34 Q-B7 (e) ______4 34 .... Resigns ------play, this set is a lifetime buy at an amaz in gly reasonable price! Total Score ______100 Your Percentage ______Catalogue No. 26 ______$32.50 SCALE ; 75·1OO-Excel lent: 55-74--Superior: 40·54--Good: 25·39-Fair N OTES TO THE GUIE "I.·Position a/ IN 16 /l ·H4 a ) Not 7 .. • NxP 8 Q.K2 (if 8 NxN? Q-R4t ) as White 'wins a Pawn. b) A profound combination. On 16 ... BxP 17 QxB, QxQ 18 B-BSt , R.Q2 19 R-KRt , N-Ql 20 N-l:S, White wins. c ) At first sigh t, all seems well for Black. All is not what it seems. d ) With Ihese l a~ t t wo lllOVCS, While has se MAil YOUR ORDER TO cured the win of material, as appea rs on th c next movc. CHESS REVIEW e) This game won the briH iancy prize. 250 West 57th Street, New York 19, N. Y. t=cheek; t = double check; l=-d!scoveN!d check 148 CHESS REVIEW, MAY, t9S7 Entertaining and instructive games annotated bJ a .famolls expert. by HANS KMOCH seems better though to lose no time b}' 12 . . . . B,N ~;~ INTERNATIONAL playing B-Q-n,\ (especially if it involves There is no pat'tlcular danger in grab· t he dimly motivated sact'lfice 01' the bing the King Pawn: but Black cbooses RUSSIA, 19S6 King Pawn), to omit B-KN5 and to keep to break White's King position as he the possibilit y of castling Queen-Side Alekhine Memorial Tournament thus has fine chances for aUack. open fo r a few moves. The ensuing notes are, basically, Slow Motion and Rapid Transit The fo llowing line of play is likely (:o rding to S hakhmat y. to make Black's job rather difficult: 6 This game is of interest ma.inly be· 13 B-87t K_B1 17 B-Q5 Nj4-85 cause of the opening vaJ'iation which is Q- K2 (thr eatening to win the King Pawn). P-Q3 7 P- KR3! B- K2 8 N- B3 14 PxB N- N3 16 K_ RI N_R5 rarely seen today. The ensuing rapid 19 Q_84 with these possibilities: J) 8 , .. O- O? 15 B-K3 N- R4 N-R6 transit part of the gILme, though excIting, 16 N-Q2 Q-B3 20 Q- K2 R- Q N1 is less suitable tor s<.:ruUny. j)artly be· 9 BxN. PxB 10 Q- B4t : 2) 8 . . . P-QR3 9 eause of White's reckless bid for COOl' B- QB4 . N- QR4 10 N- KN5, NxB 11 QxN, White has a flne game for the Ex· plications at his twelfth move and partly R~BJ 12 0 - 0. Q- Q2 13 P-B4: 3) 8 c hange after 20 . . . Q- N3 21 R- KNl , because of Black's falling under time B- K3 9 B-K3, 0-0 10 N- KN5 01' 9 . . . :-ixR 22 Ib,N, Q- Kl 23 P-KB4. pressure as early as move twenty (which, P- QH3 10 8 - Q8-I.. Q-Q2 11 N- KN5. 21 8 xB P xB 25 P- KB4 NxPj5 according to Shakhmaty, was Bronstein's 6 . . . . 8-B4 22 Q-K3 K-K2 26 QR_QI P_N4 regular t r ouble throughout this iOUI'lHt· 6 . . . NxP is reasonable: e .g .. 7 Q-Q5, 23 N-B4 KR- QB1 27 R_K N1 P_ R4 ment). N- Q3 8 B-~3. Q- K2, and Black has little 24 NxNP R-84 28 8 _ N3 P-N5 RUY LOPEZ it'ouble holding the extra Pawn. '\"hlte 29 N_ 8 4 • • • • Lasz lo Szabo Da vid Bronst e in has bettel', ·h o,,"e\·el': 7 0 - 0, 1\'- B3 8 N Not 29 N- Q7!? KxN 30 QxR, N-Q4!! Hungary Sov iet Union Ba, but the outcome is still doubtful as as Black eithel' mates or wins the Black can eitber return the Pawn safely White Black Queen. (8 .. . N-QR~ 9 NxP, NxB 10 NxX. 29 . . . . Rx N 1 P- K4 P_ K4 P-Q~) OJ' ma ke a bold attempt to keel) 2 N- KB3 N_QB3 it (8 . . . B-84 9 N- KN5, Q- K2 10 8 - B7t, Con'eet and decisive, though 29 3 B-N5 P- B4 I\.- BI ! ). N- Hti Sel'l'eS just as well. Bad is 29 The SchliemRnn, very rarely seen it- QI becllllse of 30 IIxQ P ! 7 0 -0 • • • • among grandmasters today. 30 8xR N- 86 7 N- N5 is met by 7 .. . N-QR~. 4 P-Q3 • • • • 7 . . . . P-Q3 But here Black misses the right <.:011· This move was most usual before tlnuation which Is 30 N- 1I6: e.g., 31 KR 8 P-83 • • • • Dyckhofr's 4 N-B3! be<.:ume t'ecognized Bl, It- KBl 32 [(- Q2. N- B6 33 H- QN2. \Vlth no Pawn on (H a nd W·hite's as White's best. The text move is steady. N- B5, followed by 3·1 Q- H5. Queen Knight still in. this move i~ Keres even calls it "undoubtedly very ba»ically undesirable : but it serves well 31 Q- N6 R_Q I promising," though he al'l'ives at equal· here, securing t he strong position or 32 R-N3 N-R6 ity in ali the examples whi <.: h he give~ White's King Bishop and preventing In· in his book. Not 32 .. , Q-·H5 be( 'allse of 33 RxN, cursion on White's Q4. say. atter 8 N- 'B3, PxR 3·\ R- KNl. 4 . , , , B- KN5. 33 8_ 81 P- R5 A very important exchange. Blac), Tbe chances are about even lIOW. must stabilize the PawlI stl'Uctul'e in the White has the advan tage of controll!ng center. On tbe oihel' hand, White ought the open diagon al, bllt Black has the consequently to try to get in P-KB~ half-open King Bishop file whIch is mOI'e and. possibly, P-K5. I'aluable thall White's Queen file fot· 5 PxP N_ B3 Ihe effect Oil White's King position. 8 . . . . 8- KN5 8 .. . N- QR4 9 B- K2 nets only a loss of time as then 10 . . . :\- 83 0 1' 10 . . . B-~3 is forced. followed by 11 P-QN~ and 12 B- QB4. 9 P- N4 8 _N3 10 P_QR4 · . . . 10 B- K3. as suggested by Shakhma t y, ill preferable. 34 RxNjR6 • • • • 10 . . . . P-QR4 nut now \Vbite falters. COI'I'eet is 3~ 11 P- N5 N-K2 HxNP. iI:; the :;eemingly decisive H . >low 12 . .. NxP really threatens. N- Q5 leads only to lJen)etual check : e.g" I) 35 R-Q2? Q-B6t 36 R- KK2, N 12 Q- N3 • • • • 6 B_Q84 . . . . BS 37 K- Nl. NxR 38 BxN, R- KN1, and The reckless bi d for complications. un· mack wlus: 2) 35 BxN! Q- B6t 36 R- N2, This nlOve. together with 0 - 0 and justified by the cil'cumstances. After 12 QxRj8t 3j R- Nl, Q-86t 38 R- N2! (not B- KN5, appeared regularly fl!ty to sixty QN- Q2. the chances are still in the bal· years ago In the heyday or ~ 'P- Q3. It ance (12 . .. P-Q4?! 13 B- K2!). t = che~k ; :t = dbl. c h e~k; § = dis. ch. CHESS REVIEW, MAY, 1957 149 38 B- N2? QxQBP, and Black ought to 20 . . . . N- B4! 1954) and is now c'hallenged by Keres, win), QxB 3!l Q- B7t, R- Q2 413 R- N7t, 21 B-B4 N.B there is reason to re·think the whole K- B3 41 QxR, and Black must re80l"t to 22 PxN Q-B2! question. And, Indeed, close investiga· a perpetual check. Black has a gl'f,at advantage in his tion reveals a weak spot In Euwe's seem· 34 . ... good Bishop and White's damaged Pawn ingly cOllvinclng conclusion that 7 N-B4 35 BxP • • formation. He now marches to victory. stops . .. P - Q4. The enigma is crack· ing. White must try 3lJ Q-K3. The text is better than 22 . .. N- Q3 as 23 P- B5 is somewhat annoying (23 8 PxP 35 Q-B5! 38 R.P Q-B6t • • • • . . P-N3 24 P xP, PxN 25 QPxP, N- K5 9 PxP!? 36 Q-B7t K-K1 39 K_B 1 QxBt • • • • 26 PxBPt, KxP 27 N-K5tJ. 37 K- N2 N- N4! 40 K-K1 R.R No longer two exclamation marks for Resigns 23 P-NS B-B1 this move for actually it is dubious. Bot· 24 QR-B1 N-Q3 vinnik played 9 KxB. 25 P_K R4 P_QR4! 9 . . . . B-RS ARGENTINA. 1957 Having established a clear majority 10 PxPt K.P on the Queen·side, Black takes the lead Mar del Plata Tournament there himself. Beyond Pr aise 26 P-R5 PxNP 28 Pxp RPxP A remarkable game. White is out· 27 QRPxP N- N4 29 P-B5 R-R6 played in a game which basically offers 30 N- N3 . . . . h im a permanent initiative. His trouhle On 30 Q- Ql, Black might sacrifice the starts when he neglects the key square Exchange for two strong Pawns: 30 .. . on his Queen·side and becomes decisive RxN 31 QxR, NxP followed by . . . NxP. after an lll·considered King-side move. With the text, White keeps on threaten· Black's handling of the entire game Is ing 31 PxP (31 QxN is no threat). beyond praise. SO . . . . Q-Q3 QU EE N'S GAMBIT DECLI NE D 31 KR_K1 R_K5! (by t ransposition) Now Black has an overwhelming ad vantage. The end is near. Hect or Rossetto William Lombardy The critical position. Ar ge ntina United States 11 P- K4 • • • • White Black Not the best. Here White evidently 1 P_QB4 N- KB3 4 PxP P.P realized what the trouhle is with the 2 N- KB3 P- KS 5 P- Q4 P- B3 maia line. 8t!ll, he ought to have fol· 3 N- B3 P- Q4 6 Q-B2 B- K2 lowed it for two more moves. TheSe are 7 B_N5 N_RS the best possibilities : 11 Q- N3i, K- Kl12 N- K6 with these variants : 1) 12 . . . The Swedish maneuver, slightly modi· Q- Q3? 13 P- K4, w ith a winning attack fied. The Knight Is heading for its K3 as in Hooper- Donner; 2) 12 . .. Q- Bl 13 but by this unusual route (instead of P- K4, and White has fair compensation Q2 and K- B1) so as to induce White'H P-QR3. The tempo gained is not clear for the piece - note that 13 NxNPt? K- Q2 leaves White without a satisfac· profit as it is useful, anyhow, bu t it kills tory continuation against the threat of White's chance ot setting uP, in only two 14 .. . Q-Nl: e .g., 14 N- K6, Q- N1! or 14 moves, Pawns on QR4 and QN4 for the S2 PxP QxKN P 35 N-QS B- Q3 N-B5, Q-Nl! or 14 Q- K6t, K- Q1 15 usually dreaded minority attack. SS Q-Q1 36 N- K5 Q- B4 RxRt QxQt, BxQ, threatening 16 . . . R- KNl; 3) 34 NxR B.P Q-R6 8 P_QRS N-B2 11 B-Q3 N- N2 37 P-64 12 ... Q-Q2 13 NxNPt, K-Q1 13 N-K6t, NxP! 9 P-K3 N- K3 12 0 - 0 B- KB4 38 Q-Q3 K-B1, with superior chances for Black as 10 B- R4 P_KN3 13 P- QN4 P_QR3 The finishing stt·oke. indicated by Shipman. • 14 N-R4 • • • • S9 QxN R.N 11 . . . . P_B4 White aims for N- QB5, a conventional 40 A- B3 R_N7 12 B-KS N-BS maneuver which often serves very well. Resigns 13 Q- NSt . . . . But here, as White has committed him White provokes the following move in self to the breakthrough by P-QN5, he order to be able to castle thereafter. ought to subordinate his m inor pieces to ARGENTINA, 1957 that plan. Correct is 14 KR- Nl. 13 . . . . P_B5 Mar del Plata Tournament 14 Q- Q1 B- Q3! 14 . . . • BxB 16 B- N5 0 - 0 15 QxB N_B4 17 N-B5 N-Q3 Cracking an Enigma Black forces the issue and, as White has no better moves herewith, returns Now it is evident that White lacks the The following game makes it compul the material for a better position. necessary control of his QN5 and his sory to re·investigate the variation as it (so·called) minorlty attack has come leads to a mighty interesting and im· 15 P-K5 NxKP to a standstill even before starting. portant discovery. An error is sifted, 16 PxN BxKP and an enigma shows a crack. 18 N-Q2 N_ R4 Black's Queen·s ide 'naJority and the 19 B- R6 .... NIMZO·I NDlAN DE FE NSE two Bishops are enough to win as he proves sys tematically. A two·fold error. Correct is 19 BxB, William Lombardy Paul Keres 17 KN-Q5 R_K1 strategically because Black's is the bet White Blacl, 18 NxN . . . ter Bishop and tactically since White's 1 P- Q4 N-KB3 4 P-K3 P-QN3 now lacks a safe retreat. On 18 O- O? NxNI Blaek wins the 2 P-QB4 P-K3 5 KN-K2 B- R3 Queen Knight Pawn. 19 . . . . R-K1 3 N-QBS B-N5 6 P- QR3 B-K2 20 N_BS • • • • 7 N_B4 P- Q4 18 . . . . QxN 21 QxQt R.Q Embarrassment. It may be White had Is Black's last faulty or not? Since 19 0 - 0 B-N2 22 QR-Q1 B- QBS Intended 20 P- N4 which, if Black's Euwe's yes. based on Hooper-Donnf'!' 20 Q_N4 Q- K3 23 B- Q4 B- B2 Knight retreats, even justifies the pre· (P. 83, CHESS REVIEW, March, 1952) 24 P- BS P- QN4 yious White move. But 20 . .. B-N4! has been tacitly objected to by Botvinnik While White's Pawn majority is use· leaves White merely with a seriously and Smyslov (see Game 2 of their first less, Black's starts its irresistible ad· weakened King·side. match, P. · 138, CHESS REVIEW, May, vance. 150 CH ESS REVI EW, MAY , 19H 25 KR- Kl Rx Rt 29 B- Q4 P-N5 Black's plan Is now apparent. He aims 'Returning the horse to Its stall again' l 26 RxR P-QR4 30 PxP p,p to exchange off White's good ·Bis·hop and It is done to prevent 36 B- B6 01' also 27 N- K4 P-R3 31 6-65 B,N get firm control of his own QB4. If suc, 36 BxN. followed by 37 R- N5 or 37 R- N7. 28 B_B2 R_Kl 32 PxB • • • • cessful. Black may get a supel'ior game nut it opens another gap fOI' White. On 32 RxB, IbR 33 PxR, -8- K4 34 BxP, in view of the backwardness of \Vhlte's 36 N- K5! R-R2 BxP, Black will win the Bishop. t~ueen Bishop Pawn. 37 8-B4 QN_Q2 32 . . .. B_K4! 37 K_B2 P-N6 21 P-QB4 Q- R2 Desperate measnres have become nee· 33 R-QBl P-B6 38 K_K2 P-N7 21 .. ' B: NEW YORK, 1957 {ff. FOREIGN Manhattan Chess Club Championship WEST GERMANY, 1956 Excursion into t he Lion's Den Team Championship Black courageously enters his oppo· 22 P-B5!! • • • • Amusing Pincer Attack nent's pet variation, following a prom, The fine Pawn sacrifice, which gives The .Gernmll mastel' Dr, Lehman has a ising plan. But his excursion into the the position a new look. reveals that captivating style. Strength aside, he rep· lion's den falls against a tine Pawn sacri, Black's fine plan has been just too fine. resents the same type of Illay as Mal" fice, The eXll'a Pawn seals off Black's 22 . . . . PxP shall, Keres or Germany's Kurt Richter. most important squal'e aud, witb that, his If 22 , .. BxP 23 Nx·B, PxN 24 'H- QBl. There is always action in his game, a bit hope, too, A very good game, tbis. QN-Q2 25 B- B6. White recovers tbe of gamble and a nair for brilliancy, as is showl1. in this gamelet. White handily S ICIL IAN DEFENS E Pawn by force, emel'glng with the su, perior game. secures the initiative and eventually wins A, B. Bisguier A, W. Feuerstein in amusing fashion thl'ough a pincel' 23 Q_KB2 QN-Q2 \Vhite Black attack, Now Black thl"eatens to obtain good I , P-K4 P_QB4 6 B_K2 P- K4 a game with 24 . , . P-'E5. NIMZO,INDI AN DEFE NSE 2 N- KB3 P- Q3 7 N-N3 B-K2 3 P-Q4 p,p 8 0_0 0-0 24 B-QB4! • • • Dr. Lehman Heinrich 4 N,P N-KB3 9 B_K3 B_K3 White has an excellent position with 6erlin Ludwigshafen 5 N-QB3 P-QR3 10 P_B3 , ' , . fine targets and assets. His Pawn is White Black amply compensated, undoubtedly, but the Bisguier's pet line. See his games 1 ·P_Q4 N-KB3 , P- B3 N-B3 question remains is there enough for a against Gllgorlch, Udovchich and Barcza 2 P_QB4 P-K3 7 P_K4 P-Q3 win, Analytically, that is hard to say. (CHESS REVIEW, pp. 25 and 55, Jarm· 3 N_QB3 B-N5 8 N_K2 P- K4 But, practically, oue can safely assume ary and February, 1956), 4 P-QR3 BxNt 9 P- Q5 N_K2 that Black's difficulties are too great 5 P xB P_B4 10 P_ KR4! . . . , 10 • . . • P-QN4 and he must surrender tbe Pawn under White's last is played with fine under, White has the edge after 10 ... P- Q·I unfavorable circumstances sooner 01' 11 PxP, thanks to his Queen·side major, later. standing. As Black must be expected to strive for, . , P-B4, which might offer ity. But how great a significance lilat 24 ... P-K5 edge is remains to be seen. 10 ... Q-B2 him superior chances on the King,side. Counter,play, if any, is obtainable only leads to the Blsguier-'8arcza game. White starts taking appropriate counter, along or around the King file. measures. And there is more to it. White 11 P- QR4 P- N5 25 PxP NxKP must act on tlie King,slde himself, any, 12 N-Q5 BxN Or does 25 .. . N- N5 offer better OP' how, which Is quite a problem as P-lB4 Black's capture is usual In these posi, pOrtunities? It does not seem so; White is likely to fall positionally against ... tions. Taking with the Knight causes a maintains a distinct edge. KPxBP, followed by ... N- N3-'K4. The considerable loss of time. text, move provides another solution, 26 Q-B4 · . , 13 PxB Q_B2 . namely, P-.R5, P- N4 and N-N3-B5, It is White prevenls 26 , .. N- Q3, 14 Q-Q2 P_QR4 fairly sure tbat White, orice his Knight 15 QR-8 1 Q_N2 26 . . . . R-Kl 29 B_B2 P- KR3 has arrh'ed on KB5, will be able to keep 27 P-Q6 N/5-B3 30 B-QN5! Q- Q4 his action going in one way or another'. What about the Queen Knight and the 28 N- Q2 Q-Rl 31 Q- B3! ' Queen Rook? Black keeps postponing . . . 10 . . • . N-Q2 their development fOl' a Crightenlngly Well played. The threat is 32 QxQ, 11 P-R5 P-B4 long time, which certainly looks Unnatu, while 31 .. . QxP fans against 32 N- K4 As t'oreseen by White. The texl,move (and I)Ossibly against 32 N- B4) . ral. His plan. however, is anything bnt is dubiollS, but Black has no other con, superficial and is profoundly designed to 31 . . • . QxQ structive aitel"llRtive, He has abstained take advantage of the impending advance 32 PxQ! .•.. from the usual action against White's ot W'hite's Queen Bishop Pawn. Within W·hite's advantage is now decisive. His doubled Pawn, WUll ... N- QR4, .. . this plan, Black's Queen Knight sel'ves two Bishops and the advanced passed P- QN3 and . . . B- R3, and has played for to keep Wbite's Bishop from QB6. Pawn are too strong, and IBlack's Queen, au attack on the King,slde, instead. Now 16 KR- Ql R- Bl 18 P-B3 side Pawns, too weak. he must eithel' advance this Pawn or 17 B-QN5 B-Ql 19 RxP R, R 32 . , . • R_QBl 34 B- K1 R-R1 confine himself to lasting passil'ity, 20 PxR B_N3 33 N_B4 B- Q1 35 R-Nl N-N1 12 B-N5! P_B5 CHESS REV IEW, MAY, 1957 151 Black's last is bad. But bad a lso is RUSSIA, 1957 White's clustered pieces need disen· any protection for the threatened Pawn tanglement. As the Queen Pawn is not as White then can pre-empt his K4 for U.S.S.R. Championship immediately threatened (17 .. . P - QN4 his pieces: e.g., 12 ... i\'-QN3? 13 PxP, Unique Game 18 R-B3, NxP 19 NxN, QxN 20 B- K3) , OxP 14 N-N3, B-Q2 15 B-Q3 - or 12 This game is unique in that Keres White can try 17 B-KBI or 17 Q- NL But · .. O-O? 13 PxP, ·RxP 14 B- K3! fol can be blamed for excessive caution - he faces difficulty in any event. With an lowed by 15 N-N3 and 16 B-Q3 - or 12 something he never showed before and isolan!, its possible advance must be in · . . N-KB3? 13 PxP (even stronger than will hardly e ver repeat. the picture but is not at all here as 13 P-HS), NxBP 14 P-N4, N-K2 15 P - R6. White lacks any inflnence on his Q5. E vading the consecutive challenges, 'fhe oniy good continuation is 12 . .. White stumbles into a position in which 17 , . . . N-R4 19 Q-K2 B-Q3 PxP! 13 PxP, 0-0 after which Black 18 RxR RxR 20 N_K5 , . . . has a rather difficult but playable game. he lacks compensation for an isolated Queen Pawll. Facing the loss of a Pawn, White aims for an indirect exchange 13 P-N3! .... he seeks safety in an end·game with of his isolanl by a little combination. It Forcing an opening of lines. Bishops of opposite colors. Tournament doesn't work satisfactorily, but neither 13 . . . . p,p winner Tal displays remarkable courage does the less committing 20 R- QBL T he 14 NxP P_KR3 in the opening and indomitable skill edge is Black's, anyhow. in the end-game. Black again makes a very weak move. .20 . . . . B_R5 21 R-K1 B,N Best, under the circum stances, is 14 ... QUEEN'S GAMBIT DECLINED 22 PxB • • • • 0 - 0, though White then maintains the P",u l Keres Michael Tal edge w ith e ither 15 R-QR2 or 15 B-R3, So far so good. After 22 , .. QxP 23 1 P-Q4 N-KB3 3 N-KB3 P_B4 N- KB3 16 BxB and R-QR2. BxRP, White is ali right. 2 P-QB4 P_ K3 4 P..:..K3 . , . . 15 8xN 17 R_KN1 R-KNl 22 , , . . R-Q1 ! White cautiously evades the challenge 16 N_B5 18 Q_ R4! • • • • By the interpolation o[ this move , to play 4 P-Q5, most l!kely for some Black keeps his advantage. Now White starts his pincer attack, personal reason. whic"h he carries out w ith appealing vigor. At this point, he threatens to 4 . . . . P-Q4 win the Queen Pawn with 19 R-NS. 5 P-QR3 - . . , lS., .. K-Q1 With the idea: it seems, of playing the 19 R-Nl N_B3 Queen's Gambit Accepted In reverse after Now Black loses by force. He ought 5 .• , N-B3; e.g., 6 PxBP, BxP 7 P--QN4 to play 19 ... K- B2. and 8 B- N2. Regular is 5 N- B3. 20 Q-R5t! K-Kl 5 , . . . PxQP 6 KPxP B-K2 Black hopes for 21 Q- B7, BxN after which he can still put up some resist· 7 N-B3 , . , . ance. Hopeless are 20 .. . K-Q2, because White refUses another challenge. Pecu· of 21 B- R3, and 20 . , . P- QN3, because· of liarly her e, that is, with the special effect 21 RxQNP, PxR 22 QxR! (preferable to of gaining a dangel'ous Queen·side ma 22 QxPt, K-IG 23 Q-BBt, K- B2 24 QxR, jority, 7 P- B5 can hardly be bad. 23 P-QN4 . ' . . BxN). 7 . , . . 0-0 9 R_Bl N-K5 The speculation on the equalizing pow· 8 B- B4 N-B3 10 B-Q3 • • • • er of 'Bishops of opposite colors. As It Now the good moment [or pushing the falls, White ought rather to play for com Qneen Bishop Pawn has passed: 10 P-B5, plications with 23 B-N1 : e,g., 23 , ' . QxP NxN 11 RxN, P-B3 sets up 12 .. . P-K-! 24 P"'B4! Q-N4 25 QxQ, BxQ 26 BxRP, as a real threat: e.g., 12 P- QN4, P-K4 R--Q7 27 P- QN4! Then h is position re 13 PxP, PxP 14 BxP. RxN! mains critical but with some countel' 10 . . . . NxN chances. 11 RxN PxP! 23 . • . • 26 PxN Black's last is slrong as White is 24 P-B3 27 BxP poorly prepared to beal' the isolation of 25 QxQ 28 B-Q4 his Queen P awn. It is not only the Pawn; Black also 12 RxP • • • • has a strong Initiative, thanks to the suo perlor activity for h is Rook. 12 BxP is more natUI'al though it still 21 RxQNP! • • • • leads to a good game fOl' Black after 13 29 R-N1 R-Q7 31 B-Q4 K-B2 A brilliaut, conclusive stroke, designed . . . B- B3 13 R- Q3, N- K2. 30 B-B3 R-QB7 32 P-R4 • • • • to help the penetrating Que en. 12 . . . . Q-R4t! A measure against 32 . . . P-KN4, fol· 21 , . . . S,R 13 B- Q2 Q-Q4 lowed dil'ectly or soon by .. , P-N5, but now the Rook Pawn becomes a target. A Just as hopeless is 21 . , . BxN 22 PxB. For all the pieces arou nd, Black can little better is 32 R-N2. 22 Q-B7 , •.. afford to block the isolani with his 32 . . . , K- N3 Threatening primal'i1y 23 NxQPt. Queen, which reveals the inefficiency of White's set·up. T he tactical point of 33 R-N4 P_ R3 22.,., R-Ql Bla ck's last two moves is that the QUeen 34 R-N2 , , . , 23 RxP! • • • • Pawn can be threatened by 14 . . ' P Too late, but White m ust lose, anyhow. The other Rook penetrates in the same QN4. 34 .. , , RxR! 37 B-B8 K_N6 way. An amusing finish. 14 Q-B2 . . . , 35 BxR K-R4 38 BxP P- R4 23 . , , . R-Q2 25 QxB N-Q2 White stops . . P-QN 4 and also 36 B_R3 KxP 39 B-R6 BxP! 24 Q-NSt R-Ql 26 RxN! Resigns threatens both 15 BxPt and 15 B- K4. A neat and simple finish. It is hopeless: e.g., 26 .. , Rx,R 27 14 . . . . P-B4 40 PxB KxP Q- B8t, K- B2 (or 27 ... R- Ql 28 Q-K6t) 28 QxRt, K .... B3 29 Q-KBt, K-N4 30 A proper parry a s the backwardness of The poor Bishop is Invited to dance NxRP, R- N2 (or 30 . .. R- Rl 31 N-B7t, the K ing Pawn doesn't matter under the simultaneously at three weddings (two K-B5 32 Q-N4t. K- K6 33 Q- N5t, KxP circumstances. is usually one too many). 34 8 -N2 mate) 31 N--\B5, R-Nl (e.g., 31 15 0-0 B-Q2 41 K_Bl P-N4 43 B-N4 P-R6 · .. R-KR2 32 Q- N6t and mate next) 32 16 R-Q1 QR-Bl 42 B_Q2 P-R5 44 K_N 1 K-K7 NxP, etc. 17 B-K3 , , . ' Resigns 152 CHUS REVIEW, MAY, 1951 BY FRED REINFELD An incredibl e blunder , even for a s ki t.tles game, 2~ R- R2 lea veR White a game of SOI'tS . 24 . . . . B- R6 25 P-K6 . . , . A last desperate a ttempl wh ich :\10r phy re pels without any U"ouble. 25 , . , , B,R 26 PxPt K_N2 or cours e nOl 26 . . . KxP? 27 N- K5t. Ande rs sen ~eem~ to have placed exces· s ive faith In sl1 c h harmless little dive r· At the con clU s ion of their match a t the )li ol'phy decides to hold the gambi t. s ions. Holel de Brete uil i n Pari s , l\{orphy a nd Pawn; h is position can stand this 27 KxB Q-B1 ! Ander ssen posed for it photogra ph. Our· weakening. "A move of h igh s t rategical genIus" i ~ ing the th r ee hours whic h t hi s process 9 BxNt the comment o[ Steinitz, who was not requ ired, th ey played s ix games. I nter· 10 P-Q4 .. . accustomed to bestow prais e lightly. estingly e nough. a ll six were K ing'S On 10 P - Q3. N- B'J 11 P-Q4, N-K3 ! Ga m bIts, a n opening which neithel' had Black has a s plendi d pos ition. ventured in the match. just concluded. I n fact, in t hat match, by t he way, a gambit 10 .. " P- QB4 12 P-N4? PxNP (t he Eva ns) was ventured only once : 11 P-B3 6-K2 13 PxP 0 - 0 an(l the sequence 1 P- K4, P- K4 occUlTed Ande)"ssen has ruined' his Queen·side only fO l,l r Urnes in eleven games ! Paw n posItion ill order to set a t r ans· par e nt u'all. Cou ld h e r ea lly have ex· Casual Game, Paris, 1858 pect e(l MO l" phy to p lay 13 , . . BxP? BISHOP'S GAMBIT 14 Q- N3 .. , . A. Andersse n P. Morphy 14 Q-Kl is s omewhat. better. bu t not W hite Black enough t o matter. 1 P- K4 P- K4 14 . . . . R-N1 2 P-KB4 p,p 15 P-QR3 P-QB4! 3 B-84 N_ KB3 28 N- K5 R-KR3 31 K_N1 R-Rat 29 p,p K_B2 n 'lle to his fa ith in the ]I rinci]lles o f R/ l-Rl ! 32 R/ 1-R7t 30 p,p R-R7t i good developme nt, :\ Iorphy ne ver played 33 K-K3 R-R6t 34 N-B3 RxN t ! i the the n popu lar 3 . .. Q- R5t. 4 P_K5 ... , Se e the note to Blac k's 2?th mnw! If no \\" 3ii KxR, H- H6t wins the Queen. This seemingly a ggress ive lIIove hands 35 R,R QxBt O\'el" the iniUath'e to mack. ,I >: - QB3 Resigns is better. 4 . . , . P-Q4! Obviously, Black has no thi ng to fea l' [ I' om ;) PxN. P xH. Match, 1902 5 B_ N3 N_ K5 :\h' I '~lm ll had a marvelou s knac k. fo r 6 N_ KB3 B-KN5! W hite has no really good move; for, if finding murderous s urpris e mO l'es. So that. if 7 P- Q3 ? Blacl;: has 7 16 QPxP , BxPt 17 K- Rl, N-B7t 18 K- Nl, . . . AL.BIN COUNTER GAMBIT BxN! 8 QxE, Q-R5t ! N- Q6§ 19 K-Rl, NxB 20 'RxN, B- K6 ! 21 F. J. Marshall R, L.oman 7 0-0 N_QB3! R- Ql, P-Q5! Black h a s a winning g ame, the chief t h l"eat being ... B- K3, followed White Black by , . . P- N5. 1 P_Q4 P_Q4 7 BxP 0 - 0 16 N- B3 N,N 18 P x P B,P 2 P-QB4 P-K4 8 P-KR3 P-B3 17 QxN PxNP 19 Q-Q3 P-QR4 3 P-K3 KPxP 9 N-B3 Q- N3? With t wo Pfl.WllS a head, and one of 4 KPxP N_KB3 10 Q-K2 Q- B2 them passed. it is easy. But :\.:I ol"ph y Is 5 N_QB3 B_ K2 11 0-0 P- N4? not to be cheated of a pl'e tty fin ish! 6 B_ N5 ~xp 12 B- Q3 B-K3 13 QR_B1! 20 P- R4 P-R3 P-QR3 21 PxP 22 P- N3 ... W hite misse s the last chance for s\\'in· dling possibilities by 22 NxP. QxN 23 ExP. If, instead. 22 K - B2. K- N2, Black takes the opell King Rook fi le. It is faSCi nating to see !\forphy's clever 22 . . . , R-N3! use of simple developmen t to hamper the T his R ook se eks in tended advance o[ White's Qneen greener pas tures. Paw n. T hus, if 8 P - Q3. E- D4t wins the 23 R_ R2 R- N3 Exchange; or , if 8 P-Q ~, NxQP ! 24 R-KN2 , , . , 8 B- R4 . ' , . In order t o be able to adl'ance the QUeen Pawn - at long last! True . 14 P-QS ! 1,-Vhlte wastes I'aluable t ime with t hi s Bishop - only to excha nge it! If .\ 4 . , , DxQP 15 NxB NxN 16 Q- K 4! 8 . . , . P_KN4 White wins. 15 NxQP Q-Q3 17 Q_ K4 P-N3 t = check; t = db!. check; § = dis. eh, 16 BxN a,B 18 NxBt Resigns CHESS RfVlfW, MAY, 1957 153 Up-to-date opening analysis by WALTER KORN by an outstanding authority. THE FUNCTION OF 6 B-NS IN THE SICILIAN After 1 P-K4, P- 9B4 2 N_KB3, P-93 3 P-94, PxP 4 NxP, N-KB3 5 N-9B3, P-9R3 The Pa ulsen Brothers Ride Again over Sicily The Latter~Day Successors to the Paulsens It may be noted that, when people Rre acquiring a From this point on, the books on chess history new language, they quickly pick up the slang and col become somewhat blurred. Pachman, who is usually loquialisms at times, even before they know their gram both modest and well informed, claims that he used mar. In chess terminology, there is a ready parallel in [he aforesaid system extensively in 1944. And, ap the amazing speed with which the wrong description is parently, the analyzing spadework may have been done applied, a fa lse origi nator is mentioned 01' a line is in Prague when ce the strategic perfection of the sys misnamed when a new variation is circulated in the tem was launched upon the international arena in 1946 chess world. by Opochensky. In reply to White's accepted move, It may be appropriate, therefore, Lo glance back 6 B- K2, Opochensky played 6 ... P-K4! and two quickly at the stages of evolution of the line given at games are given with this continuation in the eighth the top of this article, wh ich originated from what edition of Modern Chess Openings: Bronstein-Opo we may broadly call the "Paulsen Variation" of the chensky, Moscow- Prague Match of 1946; and Broad Sicilian Defense. hent- Opochensky, England- Czecho-Slovakia Match of The strategy of the Sicilian during the time before ] 946. The move, 6 .. . P-K4, is a logical adjunct of World Wa r I was based primarily on 1 P-K4, P-QB4 the "security measure" oI ... P-QR3, which consoli 2 N- KB3, P- K3. Fl'Om about 1870 onwards, the dates the Queen-side first before push ing in the center. brothers LOlli s and WiUried Paulsen developed the The idea wa s developed successfully on ly aIter the system of 3 P-Q4, PxP 4 NxP, P- QR3 with the fol positional concept of the "backward Pawn" on Black's lowing ideas: 1) securing the Queen's wing against Q3 had been proved a fallacy. The educational work White's attack, N-QN5 and fo llowing up with .. . Q- in th is respect had heen seconded earlier by Boleslav (Q)B2; 2) preparing the counter-attack of . .. P- QN4- !,iky's 6 ... P-K4 in lhe line with 2 . . . N- QB3. and . . . B-QN2; 3) developing further with ... P- Q3 The international globe-trotter, Grandmaster Mig and . . _ QN- Q2- B4. It was a deep, positional idea, in uel Najdorf, who took part in almost every important a way, premature for the chess thinking of that period. chess event in the following ten years, seized on the The one - equally positional - answer was developed brilliant possibilities of th is concept, improved many only after many years by Maroczy, with the d readed, aspects of it and lIsed it widely in his tournament containing move,S P- B4! experience. 6 .. . P- K4 because a universal remedy ThereaIter, a more refined defense was brought to almost allY siXlh move by White: P- KN3, P-KR3, forth, with the interpolation of 4 ... N-KB3, forcing P-QR4, P- (K) B4 and B- K2. 5 N-QB3, and 5 . .. P-Q3 (a,S .. . P- QR3 at once allows 6 P-KS), and only then 6 . . . P- QR3, a varia· White's Present.Day Stand with 6 B-KN5 tion generally known as the "Modern Paulsen." The only continuation in which 6 . . . P- K4 does Still more modern thought began to allow that . . . not seem to offer the same satisfaction in counter P- Q3 is the most non-committal, elastic and widely attack is 6 B- KN5 (Foltys- Opochensky, Vienna, usable move (with 'the exception, perhaps, of 2 .. . J949) . With this move, indeed, White may even lay N-QB3 which may lead into quite different systems) bare Black's defenses. and advocated its use as early as on the second move. 6 B-KN5 is not contained in Euwe's latest German With that in mind, it was only one more step to translation, 1953, of his book on the openings in which, the "Neo-Modern Paulsen," taking us right into con incidentally, he credits 5 .. . P- QH3 to Najdod. temporary treatment: 1 P- K4, P- QI34 2 N-KB3, Schwartz and Platz in their book on the Sicilian, 1953, P-Q33 P-Q4, PxP 4 NxP, N- KB3 5 N- QB3, P-QR3. attrihute lhe system, 6 .. . P- K4, on ly to Najdorf, 154 CHE SS REV IEW, M AY, 1957 dropping Opochensky's contribu tion in naming the made by an ESLon ian, Kobl enLz, who aLtribuLes 6 system, although giving him credit elsew here. R- KN5 to analyses by the Russian Rauzer in 1933-4. Actua lly, 6 B- KN5 is a system designed to avoid He provides no co rrobo rating evid ence that these "aca the Opoehensky-Najdorf line, and Pachman and his demica l" researches were adopted in convincin g master eonfreres call it the "uncomfo rtable variation." The practice at that pe riod. la test claim as to the earliest authorship, however, is Here, we end th e bibliographica l background. PART I. B ranch C T h ere come next two main trunk linn: For It beginning. the5e main "ariations ( Continue f rom lu t dia gram) Q-B3 need to be allpraised. 9 Q-Q2 Q- B2 11 P- QRS B_N2 Variation 6: 7 K_Al P- N4 12 P- BS W hite Black 3 P- Q4 p , p 10 P- R3 1 P- K4 P_QB4 4 NxP N- KB3 The main difference bet ween this and 2 N_KB3 P-Q3 5 N- QB3 P-QR3 lhe pl"llceding line Is the (12) 1'- 0 3. 6 B- KN5 P-K3 13 8_R4 NxP ? Hi N/ 4xNP PxN 14 Px N Bx8 16 NxNP Q-NS 17 NxPt! • • • • Fourth issue at S h a khma ty, 1955. Variation 2 (Cont in ue f rom flul d iagram ) 7 B- Q3 B-K2 11 P-B4 0-0 8 0_0 Q_B2 12 Q-B3 P_K4 9 K_Rl N-B3 13 B-B4 p,p 10 NxN I t, QxP B-K3 and Variation 7: 7 P-B4 With e(juilibrhlm, 6 . .. QN- Q2 wi ll be taken up later. Voriation 3 (Continue from f lr l t dla ll ram ) 7 Q-Q2 P- R3! Variation 1 8 BxN 7 B_K2 B_K2 • • • • A grnve errOl" here and In similar posl- 80-0 • • • • tlO1l8 Is 8 0 -R4 ? N xP. 8 Q- Q2, Q-B2 9 0 - 0 - 0. 0 - 0 10 P-QR3, Q,B 11 B-K2 P- N 4 11 P- B4 . 8-N2 12 N - D3, QN- Q2 13 8 . . . . Q-Ql 9 P-B4 N-B3 12 0-0 B_K2 K R- K l , N-N3 14 P-K5, PxP 15 PxP, KN 10 N_B3 B-Q2 'H 16 Nx:\', BxN with a s trong pos ition 13 QR-Q1 Q- B2 :or Black 1 ~' I )in es the latent aggression h idden in I hls line. 8 , . . . QN_Q2 CHESSBOARDS Arter 14 . .. 0-0-0, Black will stand we ll. Also playable here Is 13 . .. 0--0 U P- K 5, P xP 15 QxB. 0 - :-<"S1 16 K -IU. OR- O I I . N-QR4, Q- K6! Bra n ch A 9 Q-Q3 Q_B2 10 Q-N3 P- N4 Variation 4 Somewhnt careless is 10 ... N-K4 1 t (Continue f rom fi rlt dl ~lIram) THESE standard weight folding boards QR- QI, 0 - 0 12 P- B4, N- N3 13 P-D5, N 7 B- QB4 8-K2 11 P-R5 P-Q4 are of excellent QuaUt)', about %" thick . K4 14 0 -R6, N- N3 15 PxN, PxB 16 P- N1 8 0_0 0-0 12 B- Q3 N-Q2 Outside covering and playing surface with advantage to W hite (Szabo-Ciocal 9 P_QR4 N-B3 13 8xB Q,B are black , dlce·gl·aln cloth. Impressed tea, Bucharest, 1953). 10 NxN PxN 14 PaP BPxP dividing lines between buff and bla ck 15 R-K l Q-B3 11 P- QR3 B_N2 SQll ares. E mbossed coven . W ith 11. level game. No. 221_1 %" aquare. ______$1 ,75 T he chances are even. No. 222-1%;" aquar.. ______$2 .00 No. 223-2V8" aquare' ______$ 3.00 Sranch B Variation 5 (Continu e from lut diagram) (Continue f rom flrf{ d iagram) EXTRA heavy folding board, de luxe 9 K_Rl ? Q-B2 12 B- 8 S P- R3 7 P- QR4 B-K2 9 0 - 0 0-0 quality, double-weIght 'A ~ thIck. 10 P_B4 P-N4 13 B- R4 P- N4 8 B_K2 N- B3 10 Q-Q2 Q- 8 2 p,p No. 204-2Y." equarn ______$7.50 11 P-QR3 8-N2 14 PxP 11 QR-Ql K R-Ql 15 BxP P-Q4! (Szily- Pach ma n. Trenchians ke Teplice, MAIL YOUR ORDER TO Blac k's " 0"'11 weapon" (Sc hmid t-Opo· 19~9) . cb ens k)" (}I'azhice, 1952) gave h im t he CHESS REVIEW belter game. t = check ; t :::: db!. check ; § = db. eh. 250 W est 57th Street, New York 19, N, V. CHESS REVIEW, MAY, 1957 155 Activities of CHESS REVI EW Postal Chen players: game rep01rts &. ratings, names O1f JACK STRALEY BATTELL new players, prlz;e-wlnners, selected games, t01l1rney InstrllctlO1ns &. edlt01rial comment. Postol Chess Editor TOUR'NAMENT NOTES Check your weighted SCOl'es carefully 9th Annual Championshi p_ 1955 Progress Reports for and write at once if YOllr tally does not As a result of clltTellt Postal Mortems, Golden Knights Tournaments ag ree. But write any\\-ay ! We will not Ihe following Qualify for asslgnmenl to Hem\ Ollt pl'!zes unless YOll report, giving lhe Finals: L. Tomor!, J . Staffer, ];0'. 6th Annllal Go lden Kn ights Postal your {'Ill"l"ent mailing addresses, as too C heek, G. F ielding, P. Shelton and -'1. Chess Championship Finishes often in the past we' ve been peste!'ed H. Wicksman. though we need another by checJ{s returned. 'Also, con fit'!}} your All final lJ!"ize winners read in Qualifier to fill a tom'ney section. sCOI'e Ot· prizes will be held up. Also the follow ing Qualify the su·ucLiolls. -top of 2d co lumn. to Cet'tain players In the first ten have Semi·finals, A . F. Bowman, F. S. ?llaher, 6th Annual Champlonshlp- 1951 tied. They s hould have received their O. E. Kasparek and W. Beac h. With adjudications of the last I'e main· assignments to play-orr malches to break ing games in the ]951 Golden Knights Ihose ti es before this issue or the maga· 10th An n ual Charnpionship_1956 Postal Chess Championship, we hal"e Ihe zine eat! ha\'e reached them. As a resllll of cnrrenl Post al Mortems, final scores. ,he following qualify fOI' assignment to 7th Annual Championship_ 1952_3 t he Semi-finals. J . D. WI·lght. R . F. Finals sections. 51·Nf J 2 and 51-Nt 13. As <~ resul t of current Postal Mortems, Freeman. R. O. Wilson. J . Taub; R. have noll' completed results. and the con· l"inals sec tion. 52"Ni 8, has completed Whittemore. W . P . Stevenson, .T. Mc· testants the rein score the following pIa}", and the contestants thel'e in re· Neese, H. Cart", .G. Fel'be r, J. A. Carbon, weighted. point totals:* ceived these weighted. point totals: * .T. D. Moore, M. Giroux, H . T . ilIonis, ,r. 51_Nf 12: J. G. Bueters 43.45: W . G. D. f3ul"dick 37.45: J. Stonkus 36.25: Bonavita, W. Hanis, B. Rosenthal, l.. Blau 33.5: E. E . Hanson 33.3: F. Payne D. W. Panl 33.35 : J. Christman 2G.6: Collison. F. L. Seybold . .I . Pel1 and A. 25.5: I~ . H. Wallace 24.05: S. L. Thomp· H. Mar.lean 25.45: F . FrillIng 22.6: all DIAGRAM STAMPING OUTFIT No. 308--As (Ifled by Iloslal plAyers for NEW TRAVELLING SET No. 197 reconlinl! ]}Q,d tions on move·maillng NO. 197- 'I'hls new peg·in travelling set Clirds described be low. Olltn t In cludes has a. big playing boar d 8 N square ! YO II complete se t of twel\"e mbber ~ta m ps SPIRAL-BOUND SCOREBOOK ('a n rea lly play w ith this set. Heavy com· (I\:, Q. R. fl. Kt & P for eRch color) and position board. Complete with plastic a games two ink pads, red and bl acl!. T his size No. 304-Keep ret:onl or YO\lr men in ~al'dboal"d box ____ ONLY $1.25 fOJ" diagram ~ I% N ~ql\Rl"e ______$2.50 ill this handy. spiral·bound sl·o l·ebook. No. 199- De Luxe "lode!. Slime piel"es No, 307-S11me 'I~ a hove bllt hll'ger Hlze. 50 pages for the scores of 50 ga mes. endl 111 1(1 ~nme 51ze board but comes in sturdy. fur dln g l" >1m~ 2%" ~ ql\HI 'e ______$2.75 ruled for up 10 70 mo, · e ~ . Ev e!'Y page IHis a 2*" diagram blank after ·10th mOI'e. le,uilerette ease with companmentH Scorebook is coat lloeket sIze 5" x 8". for captured mell. Plywood playing Spiral binding IUlll heal'Y (:a rdboud bOil rd. Closed s ize: 8*" x lO'%. " x l TI!". ~Ol'e l"S prOl'ide writing eomforl wblle Camlllete with men- $5.00. playing-O NLY 60c EACH. BARGAIN QUANTITY P R ICE: 5 BOOKS FOR $2.50 GAME SCORE PAD No. 30S-Pad of .100 sheets, 6" x 1\ ~ ruled for 60 moves. P" jnted on bond pa· Ilel'. l'leal')' curd· board ba ck - SOe EACH OR 3 PADS F OR ON L Y $1.35 CHESS WALLETS No. 238 DIAGRAM PAD No. 239-Cloth wan et with 5 %." playing board slotted to bold fl at celluloid pie (' e~. POSTAL CHESS CARDS No. 311_Pad o f 100 Close!\ si7.e: -IN x r. Complete with No. 35'-T he~ e i1pet'ial cnl'ds make it diagrllm blanks , men ______$2. easy to ~e1\ t! 11101'es :\lld IIOSl tlollS to YOl1r H~ - !leld. for use postal l'he~~ 01111nl1 e l1l~. They !llso pre· with Stumping Out NQ. 238--Leather wallet. Same as above "ent ('osth ' 1111~lnk e~. DiRgrllw blank fi t SO i - 50e EACH b UL with leather playing baRril and .1%" ~"nar e. 130x or 3L)L) Postnl Ch ess OR 3 PAD S FOR leather (·over. Complete with men __ $4.50 Cal"( l ~ ______•• ______. $2.00 ONLY $1.35 No. 240-Extra set of men ______75e ORDER BY CATALOG 250 WEST 57TH ST. NUMBER FROM •••• CHESS ~EVIEW NEW YORK 19, N. Y. THE MORPHY MEMORIAL * CHESS REVIEW'S ELEVENTH ANNUAL T PRIZE .. $250.00 Second Prize $100 Sixth Prize $40 Third Prize $80 Seventh Prize $lO Fourth Prize $65 Eighth Prize $25 Fifth Prize $50 Ninth Prize $20 Tenth Prize $15 65 Prizes - Eleventh to Seventy-fifth $5.00 eoch AHD THE GOLDEN KNIGHTS EMBLEMS! AND STII.L MORF.! Added prizes for this year's tourna 2) the Ilext hundred will each receive a ullique. gold. ment : 1) [he first jille top-scorer, will also receive plated Knight as memenln of Ihe Golden Knights T ou r· ull ' IIH;ta l <:hc:.s sets ill gold (fl/d silver plale; and nament. (Sec also Goldcn Kn ighl emhlem helow.) SEVENTY-F IVE CASH PRIZES, amounting OPEN TO ALL CLASSES OF PLAYERS to a total of $1000.00, wi ll be awarded Even if you've never played in a competitive event to the seventy-five players who finish befo re, you may turn out to be Golden Knights cham with the highest scores in the Tenth pion or a leading prize-winner-and, at least, you'll Annual Golden Knights Postal Cham have lots of f un. For all clnsses of postal player!,. pionship. now running! Entries close November 30, compete together in this "open" Postal Chess event. 1957 (mu st benr postmal'k of no late]" t han Nov. 30). Begin ners are welcome. 1f you've j ust stalted to play chess, by all means enter. There is no bette!" PRIZES FOR EVERYBODY way of improving your sldl!. But that isn't all! Every contestant can win a MAIL YOUR ENTRY NOW pl'ize of some kind! You can train your sights on As a Golden Knighter you'll enjoy the t hrill of that big $250.00 first prize, or one of the other 74 competin g for big cash prizes. You'll meet new cash prizes, but even if you don't l;nish in the money f riends by mail, improve your game, and have a whale yOll can win a valuable consolation prize. Every play of a good time. So get started-enter this big event er who quali!les for the linal l'ound, and completes his now! The entry fee is only $3.50. You pay no addi playing schedule, will be awarded the einblem of the tional fees if you qualify for the semi-final or final Golden Knight-a sterling silver, gold-plated and en rounds, But you can entel' othel' first rou nd sections ameled lapel button, r eproduced above. You earn the at $3.50 each (see Special Rules p. 158) . You will right to wear this handsome emblem in your button receive Postal Chess instructions wi t h yOUl' assign hole if you qu alify as a Golden Knight finalist, ment to a toul'llament section. Fill in and mail t hi s whether ot' not you win a cash prize. coupon NOW ! And even if you fail to qualify for t he fi nals, you still get a prize! If you are eliminated in the prelim r------, inary or semi.li nal round, but complete your playing CH ESS REVIEW 0 Cbeclt bere It you are a schedule, you will receive one f1'ee entry (worth I 250 West 57t h S t ., newcomer to P osta1 Che~... . I $1.25) into our regular Class Tournament or can I New York 19, N. Y. Start me as CLASS - ----. I enter our regul ar Prizc Tournament (entry worth I enclose $ ______. Enter my Ilame In ______$2.50) on payment of only $1.25. First and second in I (how m;lny~) sen ion( ~) of til>:' I~\e\'enth Annnal Gohl >:'n I each Prize Tournament win a $6 and $3 credit re Knights Postal Chess ChnmplOIlRh lp TOlll' nament. The spectively for purchase of chess books or chess equip I amount enclosed covers the entry fee of $3.50 per section. I ment. Prin t Clur ly I Name ______I SEE SPECIAL RULES, PAGE 158. I Address ______• ___ __ • ______. ______I MAIL THIS' ENTRY COUPON NOW City ______Zone __ _ . __ State __ __ . ______I ~ I n mem ory of MOI' phy's si gna l tri umph Ir. the F ir st 1______--- ______1 Am erican C hess CQ n gres. of 1857.