Index

Addams, Jane, 27 Albertson Ranch, 29–30 African Americans. See Race relations Aldrich, Lloyd, 190 Agriculture Alexander, Lamar, 267 farmers’ markets and, 80–82, 301–303, Alinsky, Saul, 284 357n43 Alisal, El, 217 farm-to-school program and, 301–303 Allen, David, 8 Green Revolution and, 326–327 Alliance for a Livable , 251 immigrants and, 261–264, 291–293, 305, Alston, Dana, 342n7 308–312, 325–329, 340 Alternative media, 85–86 National Immigrant Farming Initiative American Airlines Flight 11, 293 (NIFI) and, 304–306 American Forests, 46 U.S. Department of Agriculture and, American-Hawaiian Steamship Company, 301–302, 304, 308, 400n22 29 water and, 103, 108, 113 American Planning Association, 163 Agriculture and Land-Based Training American Rivers, 163 Association (ALBA), 305 American Society of Civil Engineers, Air pollution, 2, 4, 313–314 233 freeways and, 196, 198 Anaheim, 121 Air Quality Plan, 46 Andrus, Cecil, 104 Alameda, 41 Annenberg Foundation, 18–19, 170, 311 Alameda Corridor, 279–280, 308, 310, ARCO, 273 332 Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, 4 Alaska, 23 Arizona, 112 Index

Army Corps of Engineers, 103, 131, flood control and, 219, 227–232 372n46 and, 217 Arroyo Seco and, 221 restoration of, 227–234 Los Angeles River and, 141–144, Tongva Indians and, 217–218 152–154, 162–163 watershed study of, 231–232, 238 Principles and Standards of, 165 Asociaciones de Pueblos, 324 ArroyoFest, 12, 216–217 Assimilation in American Life: The Role of Caltrans and, 236, 239–240, 242, Race, Religion and National Origins 245–246, 250 (Gordon), 334 and, 242–243 Atlanta, 295 organization of, 240–246 Audubon Society, 248 Urban and Environmental Policy Institute Australia, 322 (UEPI) and, 242–244, 250 Automobile Club, 186, 190, 221–222 Arroyo Seco Council, 230–231 Automobiles Arroyo Seco Earth Festival, 228 car-share programs and, 205 Arroyo Seco Foundation, 235 culture of, 173, 175 Arroyo Seco Park, 220, 226 Model T, 178 Arroyo Seco Parkway/Pasadena Freeway, parkways and, 184–191 11–12, 187, 215–217, 384n110, 387n32 rise of, 175, 178–179 Army Corps of Engineers and, 221 Sig Alerts and, 173–176, 216 bike ride on, 236–252 street widening and, 185–187 congestion on, 223–224 traffic congestion and, 174–180 Corridor Management Plan and, Automobile suburbs, 68, 83 233–234, 238 critics of, 70–72 Historic American Engineering Record green spaces and, 35–49 and, 233 interstate highway development and, hybrid design of, 222–223 69–70 as National Engineering Landmark, 233 Westlake and, 29–31 as Pasadena Freeway, 223 Autopia, 192 speed and, 220, 223 Avila, Modesta, 312–313 as State Historic Parkway, 232 Aztlán, 265, 334 traffic safety and, 222, 224–225, 231–232 Azuma, Andrea, 167 “Arroyo Seco Release: A Serpentine for Pasadena” (Harrison and Harrison), Báez, Fernando, 337 228 Bakersfield, 254 Arroyo Seco Stream, 140–141, 149 Baldwin Hills Village, 32–33 Colorado Street Bridge and, 217 Barbour, Hailey, 75

408 Index

Bartholomew, Harlan, 138–141, 186, 219, Boyle Heights Anti-Golden State Freeway 227 Committee, 195 Bartlett, Dana W., 41, 110, 120, 227, Braceros, 262–263, 266 349n55 Brackpool, Keith, 125 Basmati rice, 326 Bradbury, Ray, 206–207 Bass brothers, 125 Bradley,Tom, 6–7, 131, 144, 196, 279, 286, Bauman, Zygmunt, 331, 339 307 Bean, Charles, 189 Braker, Beth, 237–238 Bechtel Corporation, 8, 30 Brick, Tim, 130–133, 230, 234 Bel Air, 31 Brigadistas, 314, 318–319 Bellah, Robert, 62 British Columbia, 117 Bender, Thomas, 57 British Medical Journal, 208 Beverly Hills, 195, 294 Avenue, 19, 41, 254 Bicycle Kitchen, 251 Broadway Bridge, 20 Bicyclists, 157, 332 Brodsly, David, 175 ArroyoFest and, 216, 236–252 Bronx River Parkway, 184 safety issues for, 209–210, 231, Brookings Institution, 176 382n58 Brooklyn, 45 Big Red Car company, 177–178, 183, 197, Brooks, David, 77 375n14 Brower, David, 22 Biotechnology, 38–40 Brown, Marianne, 1–2 Blais, Earle, 99 Brown, Rick, 1–2 Blake, William, 66 Brownfields, 28 Blogs, 86–87, 238 Browning Ferris, 229 Blue Ridge Parkway, 185 Bubbly Creek, 166 Bon, Lauren, 18–19, 167, 170 Buddhist Centers, 328–329 Bonneville Dam, 99 Bunker Hill, 294 Boon Koon Larn, 326 Burbank, 54 Border Industrialization Program, 273–275 Bureau of Reclamation, 23, 103, 116 Bowron, Fletcher, 189 Burr, Aaron, 120 Boyer, Ernest, 91 , 11–12, 187–188, 248, 254 Boyle Heights, 195, 337, 353n19 declining service and, 210–214 ethnic diversity of, 67–68 economic issues and, 213–214 Evergreen Cemetery and, 57–59, 67 streetcars and, 181–182 Golden State Freeway and, 67, 195 Bush, George H. W., 165 immigrants and, 254, 299–300 Riders’ Union, 213 Los Angeles River and, 139, 148, 172 Bustamante, Jorge, 263

409 Index

Cadillac, 192 Census of Agriculture, 302 CalFed, 119–120, 131 Center for Community Action and , State of Environmental Justice (CCAEJ), 317 Cornfield ownership and, 18 Center for Food and Justice, 239, 293, Proposition 13 and, 48 300–303 Proposition 187 and, 286–290 Center for Healthy Communities, 170–171 California Air Resources Board (CARB), Central Park, 47–48 38 Central Valley, 71, 101, 254 California Bay-Delta Authority, 131 Century Freeway, 197 California Department of Transportation Chandler, Harry, 111–112, 186, 261–262 (Caltrans), 385n13, 388nn38,39 Chandler, Norman, 83 ArroyoFest and, 236, 239–240, 242, Chandler, Otis, 175 245–246, 250 Chandler family, 82–84, 111–112, freeway management and, 174, 197–198, 357n49 223–224, 231–235 Chaney, Charles, 186 California Highway Commission, 221 Chávez, César, 285 California Highway Patrol, 174, 246, Chavez Ravine, 172, 294 250 Chemicals California Institute of Technology, 225, 242 agriculture and, 38–39 California 110, 11–12 fertilizers and, 37–38, 42 California Route 7, 281 lawn care and, 37–38 California State Polytechnic University, pesticides and, 23, 34, 36–38, 42 228 water and, 101–103, 118–119, 126–127 California Water Project, 114 Chevrolet, 192 Camarillo, Albert, 299 , 27 Cambodia, 305 Bubbly Creek and, 166 Canada, 322 Cronon and, 3–5 Carlson, Oliver, 111 fire of, 3 Car-share programs, 205 heat waves and, 49–51, 297, 350n57 Cárdenas, Lázaro, 282 Hull House and, 63 Carter, Edward, 284 South Park and, 47 Carter, Jimmy, 103–104, 165 Chicago River, 106–107, 165–167 Cartier, Carolyn, 280, 395n40 China, 14, 275, 279, 282 Castelar Elementary, 20 Chinatown, 11 Castles, Stephen, 320 the Cornfield and, 17–20, 148–150, 159, Catholic Church, 287, 299 167–172 Celebration, 73–75 Chinatown Yards, 17

410 Index

Chinese Cemetery, 58 concept of, 4–5 Chinese immigrants, 390n9 defining, 60–61 migration issues and, 258–259 environmental justice and, 64–65 Cholera, 126 farmers’ markets and, 80–82 Christian Science Monitor, 166 freeways and, 2, 11–12 Cincinnati, 47 gardens and, 40–44 Citrus industry, 108 higher education and, 87–92 City Beautiful, 41, 45, 66, 110, 120, 227, Hull House and, 63 349n55 immigrants and, 12–14, 293–300 City Repair, 77 loss of, 61–66 Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), new urbanist, 72–82 163–164 place and, 65–82, 293–294 Civil rights, 85, 334 Santa Catalina Island and, 92–93 Civil Rights Act, 212–213 Seaside and, 73–76 Clean Air Act, 46, 196, 198 street life and, 297–300 Clean Water Act, 34 urbanization and, 28–35 (see also Cleveland National Forest, 155 Urbanization) Clinton, Bill, 266 Community-based organizations (CBOs), Clinton, DeWitt, 120 61 CNN, 319 Community Committee, 283–284 Coachella Valley, 112 Compton, 143 Coalition for a Safe Environment, 315 Concerned Citizens, 310–311 Coalition to Restore Urban Waters, Congress for a New Urbanism, 72–73, 75, 165–166 354n27 Coastal Conservancy, 148 Connecticut, 185 Cobo, Albert, 194 Connecticut College, 89 Coffee, 327–328 Cook County, 49 Colorado River, 96, 111–113 Cornfield, the, 373n55 Colorado Street Bridge, 217 FoLAR and, 159–162 Colten, Craig, 50 Urban and Environmental Policy Columbia River, 114, 116–117 Institute (UEPI) and, 149–150, 159–162, Columbia University, 89 168 Committee of 25, 283–284 Corrido music, 264 Common Ground, 78 Cosgrove, Stuart, 264 Communities for a Better Environment Cosmopolitan city of scale, 28 (CBE), 316 Country and the City,The (Williams), 52 Community, 1, 3 Cox, Laurie Davidson, 218

411 Index

Coyle, Mayvis, 209 Donald C. Tillman Water Reclamation Cranz, Galen, 48, 372n51 Plant, 142 Crash (film), 59–60 Dow, 125 Crespi, Juan, 138, 225, 367n7 Downs, Anthony, 176 Croatians, 259 Dracut land trust, 292 Cronon, William, 3–5, 344n14 Dreier, Peter, 67 Culture, 334 Duany, Andrés, 72–73, 75, 299, 354n27 border issues and, 319–329 Due, John, 178, 183 food and, 300–312 Dunphy, Robert, 201 immigrants and, 255–267 Dust Bowl, 261–262, 268 Cuyahoga River, 102, 167, 361n10, 372n47 Eagle Rock, 147, 159, 236 Cycleways, 218, 236 Earth Day, 132, 228 Cyclists Inviting Change thru Live East, E. E., 190, 384n110 Exchange (CICLE), 251 East Bay Municipal Utility District Cypress Park, 249 (EBMUD), 130 Cyprus Mines, 272 East Yard Communities for Environmental Justice (CEJ), 316 Daley, Richard, 50 Ecological modernization, 23–24 Dam projects, 23 Ecological Restoration journal, 24 Davis, Mike, 32–33, 139, 296 Ecology of Fear: Los Angeles and the Davis, Robert, 74 Imagination of Disaster (Davis), 32–33 Davis, Tim, 224 Education, 7–8, 332, 342n10 Day of the Locust (West), 60 farm-to-school program and, 301–303 Debs Park, 248 higher, 87–92 Deverell, William, 2, 111, 139, 151 immigrants and, 319 Devil’s Gate Dam, 229 research universities and, 88–91 Devil’s Gate Park, 386n23 scholarship of engagement and, 9–10, Diaz, Nadine, 59 91–92 Didion, Joan, 175 Educational Network for Grassroots Disney Corporation, 73, 165, 192, 298, and Global Exchange (ENGAGE), 377n27 324–329 Dobbins, Horace, 218 Eisenhower, Dwight D., 193, 263, Dobbs, Lou, 319 378n29 , 172, 294 El Monte, 155 Doheny, 272 El Salvador, 321–322 Dominicans, 43, 306 Elysian Park, 219

412 Index

Embarcadero Freeway, 195 Environmental justice, 47–49, 332 Engineering and Science magazine, 188 border issues and, 319–329 English Only movement, 266–267 Center for Food and Justice and, 239, Environmental Defense Fund, 35, 123, 293, 300–303, 309 363n34 community and, 64–65 Environmental Health Perspectives journal, food and, 300–312 276 hazards and, 64–65 Environmentalism Unbound (Gottlieb), 4–5 immigrants and, 319–329 Environmental issues place and, 76–78 air pollution and, 2, 4, 26–27, 34–35, 46, Eutrophication, 102 196, 198, 313–314 Evergreen Cemetery, 57–58, 67 chemicals and, 37–42, 101–103, 118–119, Evergreen Jogging Path Coalition, 58–59 126–127, 272–273, 279 Evolution, 25 Clean Air Act and, 46 Clean Water Act and, 34 Fainstein, Susan, 337 Cronon and, 3–5 Fair-trade policies, 326–329, 340 dam projects and, 23 Farmers’ markets, 80–82, 301–303, 357n43 Earth Day and, 228 Farm Service Agency, 292 global warming and, 23 Fast food, 301–303 green spaces and, 33–49 Faux, Jeff, 340 hazardous materials and, 64–65 Feather River, 114 language of nature and, 21–26, 2106 Federal-Aid Highway Act, 192–193, 199 lawns and, 37–40 Federal Communications Commission Los Angeles River and, 138–145 (see also (FCC), 86–87 Los Angeles River) Federal Emergency Management Agency Metropolitan Water District (MWD) (FEMA), 143–144 and, 8 Fertilizers, 37–38, 42 parking lots and, 199–206 Figueroa Boulevard, 251–252 restoration ecology and, 24–25 Filipinos, 259, 293–294, 321 Stringfellow Acid Pits and, 313–314, First African Methodist Episcopal Church 317–318 of Los Angeles, 58 sustainable development and, 23–24 First National People of Color waste management and, 13, 33–34, 136, Environmental Leadership Summit, 65, 142, 229, 307–308 352n13 water and, 4, 10–11, 100–106 (see also Fishman, Robert, 296 Water) Florida, 72–76 Wilderness Act and, 22 Folklorica dancers, 309

413 Index

Food interstate highway development and, Agriculture and Land-Based Training 69–70 Association (ALBA) and, 305 ISTEA and, 198–199 Center for Food and Justice and, 239, Moses and, 194 293, 300–303, 309 opposition to, 195–197 culturally appropriate, 304, 308 parkways and, 189–191 farmers’ markets and, 80–82, 301–303, pollution and, 196, 198 357n43 Road Gang and, 192 farm-to-school program and, 301–303 road rage and, 53 fast, 301–303 Sig Alerts and, 173–177, 216 gardens and, 41, 306–308 trucks on, 281 globalization and, 270, 303–304, 338, 340 Yellow Book and, 194 immigrants and, 291–293, 300–312 French, Stuart, 226 National Immigrant Farming Initiative Frente Indigena Oaxaqueno Binacional (NIFI) and, 304–306 (FIOB), 324 processed, 80 Friedmann, Harriet, 402n44 South Central Farm and, 308–312 Friends of the Chicago River, 165 supermarkets and, 80–81 Friends of the Los Angeles River, 370n37 U.S. Department of Agriculture and, bike rides and, 157 301–302 Coalition to Restore Urban Waters and, Food insecurity, 270 165–166 Food stamps, 319 the Cornfield and, 159–162 Forcing the Spring (Gottlieb), 3–5 “Re-Envisioning the L.A. River” and, Ford, Henry, 178 10–11, 20, 149–162, 230 Ford Motor Company, 279 River through Downtown gathering and, Fortnight magazine, 67 159, 161 Fortune magazine, 282 Friends of the White River, 165 Frankenlawns, 39 Froines, John, 8 Freer, Regina, 67 Frontier (magazine), 68 Freeways, 2, 11, 14, 377nn26, 27, 378n32. Fuentes, Carlos, 291 See also specific freeway culture of, 174–175 Galarza, Ernesto, 264 development of, 189 Gangs, 308 discontent with, 176–177 Gardena, 81, 82 displacement and, 294–295 Garden city concept, 27–28, 32, 66, 72 Division of Highways and, 191 Garden Club of America, 36 goods movement and, 280–281 Garden Day L.A., 309

414 Index

Gardens, 27–28, 48, 348n45 Golden West Broadcasters, 174 chemicals and, 40, 42 Gold Line, 171–172, 234, 247–248 community-garden movement and, 41–43 Golf courses, 36–37 as food source, 41, 306–308 Goodno, James, 296–297 green psychology and, 53 Goods movement Los Angeles Food Security and Hunger Action Plan for, 282–283 Partnership (LAFSHP) and, 42–43 Alameda Corridor and, 279–280 Victory, 41 globalization and, 276–283 Garment industry, 272, 274 health issues and, 280 General Electric, 125 labor unions and, 281–282 General Motors, 175, 178, 181–182, NAFTA and, 282–283 191–192 pollution and, 277, 280, 283 Genetics, 38–39 Port of Long Beach and, 276, 278–279, Gentrification, 76, 166–167, 300, 399n15 281 Gerstler, Amy, 158 Port of Los Angeles and, 276, 278–279, Ghosh, Amit, 202 282 Gibson, Katherine, 356n40 rail and, 279–280 Giuliani, Rudy, 43–44 Schwarznegger and, 282 Glen Avon, 313, 317 trucking and, 281–282 Glendale, 121, 177 Gordon, Milton, 334 Globalization, 125–126 Gottlieb, Robert, 1–3, 7–9 from below, 337–340 Los Angeles Food Security and Hunger border issues and, 319–329 Partnership (LAFSHP) and, 42 cheap labor and, 270 Metropolitan Water District (MWD) and, environmental justice and, 319–329 95–100, 116–117, 120 fair-trade policies and, 326–329, 340 Occidental College and, 147 food and, 270, 303–304, 338, 340 Graffiti, 308 goods movement and, 276–283 Gran Limpieza, La, 148 immigrants and, 6–8, 267–283, 337–340 Great Basin Kingdom, 105 loss of community and, 61–66 Great Lakes, 117 maquiladoras and, 273–275 Green, Dorothy, 97, 130–131, 133 NAFTA and, 274–275 Green psychology, 52–53 value-chain concept and, 340, 405n10 Green Revolution, 326–327 Global warming, 23 Griffith Park, 47 Goldberg, Jackie, 242 Guelaguetza, 323 Golden Gate Park, 47 Gumprecht, Blake, 144–145, 151 Golden State Freeway, 67, 223 Guthrie, Woody, 99

415 Index

Hahn, Kenneth, 196–197, 288 Looks at the River forum, 149 Hahomongna Park, 386n23 Holy Land (Waldie), 161–162 Hair fields, 166 Homeboy Industries, 171 Hamilton, Alexander, 120 Home Owners’ Loan Corporation Harbor Department, 310 (HOLC), 68 Harlem, 306 Hong Kong, 276, 278–279 Harrison, Fraser, 52 Hoover Dam, 112, 272 Harrison, Helen Meyer, 228 Horowitz, Ralph, 310–311 Harrison, Newton, 228 Horton, John, 296 Hart-Celler Act, 268–269 Hotchkiss, Preston, 99 Harte, Bret, 258 Hotel Employees and Restaurant Hartford, 47 Employees Union, 287 Hartley, Fred, 284 Housing, 33 Harvard University, 156–157 new urbanist communities, 72–82 Harvey, David, 5, 55, 77 parking and, 202 Hatton, Timothy, 321 Houston, 176, 295 Hayden, Dolores, 40–42, 78 Hricko, Andrea, 276 Hayden, Tom, 148 Hull House, 63, 297 Haynes, John Randolph, 121 Hull House Maps and Papers (Kelley), 63 HBO, 254 Humphrey, George, 191 Heal the Bay, 34–35, 133 Huntington, Henry, 177–178 Heat Wave: A Social Autopsy of Disaster in Huntington Park, 32, 295, 316 Chicago (Klinenberg), 50 Huntington, Samuel P., 291 “Hermano lejano, El” (Rodriguez), 322 Hurricane Katrina, 50, 75–76, 86 Hernandez, Daniel, 323 Hetch Hetchy Dam, 121 Immigrants Hickel, Walter, 117 agriculture and, 261–264, 291–293, 305, Highlander Center, 91 308–312, 325–329, 340 Highland Park, 215, 236, 247–249 Agriculture and Land-Based Training Highway Trust Fund, 195–196 Association (ALBA) and, 305 Hilton, George, 178, 183 border issues and, 66, 256–257, 261–262, Hise, Greg, 139, 294 319–329, 334 Hittell, Theodore, 258 braceros and, 262, 266 Hmong, 43, 291–292, 304 Cambodian, 292 Hollywood, 145, 158, 184, 370n36 Caribbean, 268 Hollywood Forever Cemetery, 1–4 cheap labor and, 257, 261–264, 270–276, , 187–190, 195 289

416 Index

Chicano movement and, 264–265 nativist sentiments and, 260–261 Chinese, 258–259, 294, 296–297, Oaxacan community and, 323–324 322–323, 390n9 Operation Gatekeeper and, 266 community and, 12–14, 293–300 Operation Wetback and, 263–264 corrido music and, 264 Proposition 187 and, 286–290 Croatian, 259 remittances and, 320–323 culture and, 255–267 Russian, 294 demographic shifts and, 268–270 South Central Farm and, 308–312 deportation and, 260–261 street life and, 297–300 economic impact of, 276–283 student protests and, 253–254 environmental justice and, 319–329 sweatshops and, 271–272 ethnic panic and, 255–256 Thai, 272, 297, 324–329 fair-trade policies and, 326–329, 340 Vietnamese, 297 farm-to-school program and, 301–303 vigilante groups and, 262 fear of, 259–260 wetbacks and, 262–264, 273 Filipino, 259, 294 Immigration Act, 259, 335 food and, 270, 291–293, 300–312 Imperialism, 338 food stamps and, 319 Imperial Irrigation District (IID), forced repatriation and, 261–262 123–124 gardens and, 306–308 Imperial Valley, 112, 123–125 gender issues and, 402n40 India, 321 globalization and, 6–8, 267–283, 337–340 Indonesia, 272–273 guelaguetza and, 323 Industrial Affairs Foundation, 284 Hart-Celler Act and, 268–269 Inland Empire, 70, 117, 317 health care access and, 319 Institute of Transportation Engineers, hostility toward, 255–267 202–203 INS and, 256 Interfaith Hunger Coalition, 81 Japanese, 67, 259, 261, 268, 272 Interior Department, 163 Korean, 324 Intermodal Surface Transportation labor unions and, 285–289 Efficiency Act (ISTEA), 198–199, 211 language issues and, 266–267, 301 International Longshore and Warehouse maquiladoras and, 273–275 Union (ILWU), 281–282 Mexican, 257–275, 294, 297, 324, 335, Internet, 86–87, 238, 253 391n11 Interstate 710, 281–282 NAFTA and, 274–275 National Immigrant Farming Initiative Jackson, Henry, 116–117 (NIFI) and, 304–306 Jackson, J. B., 22

417 Index

Jackson, Kenneth, 354n25 Korean Immigrant Workers Alliance Janitors, 287–288 (KIWA), 324 Japanese, 67, 259, 261, 268, 272, 274, Koreatown, 300 278–279 Kotkin, Joel, 70, 77 Japanese American National Museum, Kraft, Eldon, 153 58 KSCA-FM, 87 Jasmine rice, 325–329, 340 Ku Klux Klan, 68 Jenkins,Virginia Scott, 36 Jensen, Jens, 24 Labor unions, 109, 285–289 Jet Propulsion Lab, 225 Lake Erie, 102 Jews, 286, 297 Lakewood, 69 Jogging, 57–59 L.A. Motor Car Dealer’s Association, Jones, David, 179 178 Jordan, William R., III, 24–25 Landscape ethic, 40 Jungle, The (Sinclair), 166 Land use. See also Urbanization Justice for Janitors campaign, 287 environmental justice and, 64–65 freeways and, 69–70, 218–220 (see also Kaika, Maria, 104 Freeways) Kallen, Horace, 297–298, 334–335, 404n2 green spaces and, 35–49 Kane, Diane, 235, 237, 246 landscape ethic and, 131 Kaplan, Rachel, 52 new urbanist communities and, 72–82 Kaplan, Stephen, 52 parking lots and, 199–206 Katz, Cindi, 25 parks and, 47–49 Katz, Eric, 25 water and, 112–120 (see also Water) Katz, Richard, 143 Langley Park, 297 Keil, Roger, 54 L.A. Remap (public space), 171 Kelker, De Leuw & Co., 179–180 Latino Urban Forum, 58, 249 Kelley, Florence, 63 Latour, Bruno, 21–22, 25, 54–56 Kentucky Bluegrass, 38 “Lavaplatos, El” (corrido song), 264 Kerala, 321 Lawns, 35, 346n34 Keywords: A Vocabulary of Culture and Society European, 36 (Williams), 55, 60–61, 338 fertilizers and, 37–38 Khao Dawk Mali, 326 genetically engineered, 38–39 King, Rodney, 308 golf courses and, 36–37 Klinenberg, Eric, 50, 297, 350n57 grass types and, 36, 38 KMEX, 265 pesticides and, 36–38 Koiner, A. G., 226 suburban culture and, 36–38

418 Index

Lawrence, Henry, 44 immigrants and, 253–290, 293–294 (see Lefebvre, Henri, 77, 253, 337, 356n36 also Immigrants) Legacy of Conquest, The: The Unbroken Past King beating and, 308 of the American West (Limerick), 257 as land of sunshine, 34 Leopold, Aldo, 24, 26 millionaires in, 270 Levitt, Peggy, 323 Oaxacan community and, 323–324 Levittown, 28 as placeless, 267–268 Lewin, Kurt, 91 Sig Alerts of, 173–177 Limerick, Patricia, 256–257, 391n15 as supercity, 28, 175 Lincoln Heights, 169–171 transporting water to, 106–120, 139–140, Lincoln Park, 236 161–162, 363n29 Lipkis, Andy, 45–46 urban sprawl and, 5–6, 27–35, 69, 294– Lipkis, Kate, 45–46 296 (see also Urbanization) Lippincott, J. B., 219 Watts riots and, 6, 265, 268 Livability, 53–56 Los Angeles Alliance for a New Economy, Livelihood, 53–56 251 Living on Earth (NPR program), 292 Los Angeles Aqueduct, 109–113 Logan, Angelo, 316–319 Los Angeles Chamber of Commerce, London, 26–27, 269 283–284 Long Beach, 19, 135, 143, 183, 318 Los Angeles City Energy Recovery project Lopez, Steve, 209 (LANCER), 307–308 Los Angeles Los Angeles County air pollution and, 2 (see also Pollution) Drainage Area (LACDA), 143–145, 148, annexation issues and, 109–120 150, 153–154, 162, 165, 368n15 border effects on, 267–276 Federation of Labor, 287 Central, 295 Flood Control Commission, 219 civil disorder in, 90, 146, 286–287, Flood Control District, 140 307–308 Public Works Department, 131, 142, 144, critics’ view of, 5–6 152 defined, 341n3 Los Angeles Department of Water and demographic shifts and, 268–270 Power (DWP), 121–122, 129–132, 142, earthquake of 1994 and, 51 150 East, 295 Los Angeles Dodgers, 172 freeways and, 2, 11 (see also Freeways) Los Angeles Examiner, 178 as gateway city for Pacific Rim, 279 Los Angeles Food Security and Hunger global-city concept and, 6–8, 14–15, Partnership (LAFSHP), 42–43 267–276 Los Angeles Harbor Commission, 283, 314

419 Index

Los Angeles Marathon, 245, 250 streetcars and, 183 Los Angeles Parks Commission, 219 Tribune Company and, 84 Los Angeles Railway, 178 water and, 129, 140 Los Angeles Regional Food Bank, 308 Loudon, Larry, 232 Los Angeles River, 2, 6, 9–10, 35, 54 Louisiana Recovery Authority, 75 Army Corps of Engineers and, 141–144, Loukaitou-Sideris, Anastasia, 79–80, 152–154, 162–163 215–216, 237–238, 245 Arroyo Seco and, 217 Low, Seth, 359n55 bike rides and, 157 Lucas, Robert, 321 the Cornfield and, 17–20, 148–162, Lummis, Charles, 217 167–172, 333 Lynwood, 143 erratic nature of, 107–108 FEMA and, 143–144 MacAdams, Lewis, 235, 366n5, 371n39 floods and, 106, 138, 140–144, 162 Los Angeles River and, 136–138, 142, Harvard study of, 156–157 145–149, 157, 160, 172 Hollywood perception of, 145, 158 performance art of, 137–138 MacAdams and, 136–137 MacArthur Park, 300 Metropolitan Water District (MWD) and, MacKaye, Benton, 28, 185 148 Macnaghten, Phil, 20, 27 nostalgia over, 51–52 Mahoney, Roger, 254 pollution and, 136–137 Maine, 23 as racial boundary point, 294–295 Majestic Realty, 159–161, 371n39 Roraback and, 135–138 Major Highways Committee, 186 as symbol, 139 Major Traffic Street Plan, 186 Urban and Environmental Policy Institute Manifest Destiny, 257 (UEPI) and, 146–149 Maquiladoras, 273–275 Whittier Narrows and, 154–155 Marco Engineering Company, 165 zanja madre of, 17, 172 Marcona, 272–273 Los Angeles River Task Force, 144 Marcus, Felicia, 150, 159 Los Angeles State Historic Park, 17 Marcuse, Peter, 352n15 , 7, 95, 267, 298 Marina Del Rey, 196 automobiles and, 178–180, 186, 189 Marina Freeway, 196 Chandler Family and, 111–112 Marquez, Jesse, 315–317 immigrants and, 259–261, 265 Marshall, Alex, 74 labor unions and, 287 Martinez, Dalia, 323 as power-broker, 82–87 Mason, Biddy, 58, 78 South Central Farm and, 311 , 292

420 Index

Maywood, 316 Meyers, Steven Lee, 306 MCA, 284 Miao, Jean, 170–171 McDowell, Mary, 27 Midler, Bette, 43–44 McKibben, Bill, 23 Migration Policy and Resource Center, McKinley Elementary School, 301–303 13, 324–325, 328 McPhee, John, 51 Migródolares, 320–323 McPherson, Aimee Semple, 180 Millionaires, 270 McWilliams, Carey, 6, 19, 68, 257, 264, Milwaukee, 47 390n7 Mining, 23 Media Minkler, Meredith, 91 alternative press and, 85–86 Miracle-Gro, 38 Federal Communications and, 86–87 Mische, Emil T., 226 Internet and, 86–87 Mission San Gabriel, 217–218 radio and, 173–174, 180, 254, 289, Mississippi River, 100 291–292 Model T, 178 Medrano, Elizabeth, 255 Modesta Avila Coalition, 313, 316–319 Merriam-Webster, 256–257 Moldova, 321 Merritt Parkway, 185 Moll, Gary, 46, 349n51 Metropolis: Chicago and the Great West Mono Lake, 105, 122, 130 (Cronon), 3 Monsanto Corporation, 38–39 Metropolitan Water District (MWD), 8, Monterey Park, 296 30, 173, 234, 364n38 Moore, Charles, 215, 252 alternative scenarios for, 129–133 Mormons, 105 annexation issues and, 109–120 Morocco, 321 bottled water and, 128 Moses, Robert, 185, 194, 376n16 Los Angeles River and, 146, 148 Mount Washington, 236 Peripheral Canal and, 123–124, Mount Washington Association, 249 129–132 Mui, Chi, 159, 370n37 privatization and, 120–129 Muir, John, 5, 26, 45 Mexico, 43, 66, 112 Mulholland, William, 137 border plants and, 273–276 Mumford, Lewis, 26–27, 185, 192–193, goods movement and, 282–283 296 guelaguetza and, 323 Myspace.com, 238, 253 immigrants and, 257 (see also Immigrants) Manifest Destiny and, 257 National Aeronautics and Space maquiladoras and, 273–275 Administration (NASA), 225 Mexico City, 269 National City Lines, 181–182

421 Index

National Immigrant Farming Initiative Central Park and, 47–48 (NIFI), 304–306 demographic shifts and, 269–270 National Public Radio, 291–292 gardens and, 43–44 National System of Interstate and Defense immigrants and, 268–269 Highways, 192–193 Lower East Side and, 297 National Trust for Historic Preservation, transportation issues and, 176 235 water and, 120 Natural Resources Defense Council, 35, 127 New Yorker,The, 23, 137 Nature, 1 New York Times, 40, 72, 74, 162, 207, 306 complexity of term, 20, 60 Next Los Angeles,The: The Struggle for a culture of, 4 Livable City (Gottlieb, et al.), 6, 67 fake, 24–25 Ngai, Mae, 262–263, 391n14 freeways and, 2, 11–12 (see also Freeways) Nichols, Mary, 150, 159, 242, 250 gardens and, 40–44 Nicolaides, Becky, 32, 41 green psychology and, 52–53 Nixon, Richard M., 196 green spaces and, 35–49 Nixon Freeway, 196 language of, 20–26 Normark, Don, 308–309 lawns and, 35–40 North American Free Trade Agreement nostalgia and, 51–52 (NAFTA), 274–275, 282–283, 301, 322, parks and, 47–49 340 preservationist concept and, 22–23 North Carolina, 185 trees and, 44–47 (NELA) Bikes!, 251 urban, 26–35, 49–53 (see also Northeast Trees, 46–47 Urbanization) North Pole, 23 Nebraska, 101 Not a Cornfield (Bon), 18, 167–171 Neighbors in Action, 317 Noyes, Jim, 144–145 Nevada, 112 Nuevo Mundo, El, 298 New Deal, 47, 67, 99, 141 New Entry Sustainable Farming Project, Oaxacan community, 323–324 291–292 Occidental College, 6, 9, 156 Newhall, Scott, 195, 378n32 ArroyoFest and, 242–243 Newman, Penny, 317–318 Arroyo Seco and, 237–238 New Orleans, 47 community engagement and, 147 New Orleans Times-Picayune,86 MacAdams and, 145 Newsweek,72 UEPI and, 293 (see also Urban and , 5, 12, 332 Environmental Policy Institute [UEPI]) automobiles and, 180 Occidental Petroleum, 272

422 Index

O’Connell, Chuck, 232 reduction of, 203–204 Ogallala Aquifer, 101 shopping carts and, 205 Ogonowski, John, 291–293, 304–305, supermarkets and, 203, 205–206 397n3 trees and, 201 Oil, 34, 272–273, 279 Parking Generation (Institute of Oklahoma, 200–201 Transportation Engineers), 202–203 Olmsted, Frederick Law, 24, 376n16 Parks, 79, 332, 336, 343n3, 349n55 Los Angeles River and, 138–141 the Cornfield and, 17–20, 148–162, Olson, Culbert, 223 167–172, 333 Olvera Street, 298 economic benefits of, 169 Onassis, Aristotle, 278 environmental justice approach and, Operation Gatekeeper, 266 47–49 Operation Wetback, 263–264 varying ethnic uses of, 79–80 Orange County, 69–70, 73, 83–84, 121, Parkways. See also specific parkway 295 buses and, 187–188 Orsi, Jared, 151 federal funding and, 187 Ortega, Adan, 133 freeways and, 184–191 (see also Freeways) Ortho, 38–39 Major Highways Committee and, 186 Osceolo County, 73 Moses and, 185 Otis, Harrison Gray, 259, 261 Pasadena, 54, 177, 183 Owens River, 109, 140 Arroyo Seco Stream and, 229–238 Owens Valley, 110, 113, 130 Rose Bowl and, 226, 234 Pasadena Freeway. See Arroyo Seco Pacheco, Nick, 58–59 Parkway Pacific Electric Railway, 177–178, 181 Patterson, Pat, 137 Pacific Maritime Association, 281–282 Pedestrian, The: A Fantasy in One Act Padilla, Felix, 265 (Bradbury), 206–207 Palmdale, 346n34 Pedestrians, 178, 382n55 Palos Verdes Estates, 31 ArroyoFest and, 236–237 Paramount, 143 dangers to, 207–209 Parker, Simon, 356n36 People’s Park, 48 Parker, William, 174 Pérez, Daniel, 306 Parking, 173, 179, 185, 380nn41–43, 46 Pérez, Jesús, 287 Disneyland and, 192 Peripheral Canal hidden costs of, 201–205 Metropolitan Water District (MWD) and, housing and, 202 123–124, 129–132 land use, impacts of, 200–201 Perry, Jan, 310–311

423 Index

Peru, 272, 305 water and, 34, 101–103, 106–107, Peshtigo River, 3 118–119, 126–129, 166 Pesticides, 23, 34, 36–38, 42 Pollution Prevention Education and Phi Ta Haek, 326 Research Center (PPERC), 8–9, 146, Phoenix, 295 147 Pico Union, 254, 300 Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), Pinchot, Gifford, 5, 44 23 Place, 334 Pomona, 228 community and, 293–294 Porciuncula, 138 environmental justice and, 76–78 Porter, Michael, 405n10 immigrants and, 265, 267–268 Port of Long Beach, 14, 35, 276, 278–279, Latinos and, 76–77 281 New urban communities and, 72–76 Port of Los Angeles, 14, 35, 276, 278–279, power of, 78–82 282, 315, 394n38 Santa Catalina Island and, 92–93 Poulson, Norris, 83 “Plain Language from Truthful James” Power of Place, The (Hayden), 78 (Harte), 258 Prensa Gráfica, La, 322 Planning magazine, 296 Price, Jennifer, 121–122, 150 Plater-Zybeck, Elizabeth, 72–73, 75, 354n27 Prince George County, 297 Playgrounds, 27, 47 Procuración de Justicia y Defensa de los Plays, Dana, 158 Derechos Humanos de los Indígenas Polanco, Richard, 159, 231–233, 235 Migrantes, 324 Polar bears, 23 Progressive Era, 27, 41, 47, 121, 166, 183 Political ecology, 56 Project EverGreen, 38 Pollan, Michael, 36, 40 Project for Public Spaces, 305 Pollard, W. L., 138–139 Prudential Insurance Company, 29 Pollution. See also Environmental issues Public Officials for Water and air, 2, 4, 26–27, 34–35, 46, 196, 198, Environmental Reform (POWER), 313–314 130–131, 365n46 Clean Water Act and, 34 Public-trust doctrine, 105 diesel trucks and, 34–35 Pueblos, 257 freeways and, 196, 198 Puente-Chino Hills, 155 goods movement and, 277, 283 Puerto Ricans, 43, 264, 266 noise, 35 Putnam, Robert, 62 Stringfellow Acid Pits and, 313–314, 317–318 Race relations, 7, 9, 236 Superfund program and, 317 civil rights and, 64–65

424 Index

Crash and, 59–60 Riley, Ann, 153–154 Ku Klux Klan and, 68 Riordan, Richard, 18, 160, 286 L.A. civil disorders and, 90, 146 River Madness (film), 149, 158 media and, 87 Riverside County, 70 Proposition 187 and, 286–290 River through Downtown gathering, 159, transportation and, 197 161 Watts riots and, 6, 265, 268 Road Gang, 192 Radford, , 28 Road rage, 53 Radio, 173–174, 180, 254, 289, 291–292 Robbins, Paul, 37–38 Rail, 11, 297, 375n12 Rodriguez, Ana Patricia, 322 Alameda Corridor and, 279–280 Roggemann, Ellen, 325–326 cost of, 197 Rojas, James, 296–297, 308, 353n19 elevated, 179–180 Roraback, Dick, 135–138, 148 freeways and, 175, 177, 179–180 Rose Bowl, 226, 234 Gold Line, 171–172, 234, 247–248 Roundup Ready seed, 38–39 Los Angeles Railway and, 178 Roybal, Edward, 284–285 Pacific Electric Railway and, 177–178, Rural Development Center (RDC), 305 181 Ruskin, John, 26–27 Santa Fe, 312–313 Russians, 293–294 Southern Pacific, 177, 179–180 RWE, 125 streetcars and, 175–188, 374n6 Ryan, Robert L., 52 Union Station and, 167, 234 Ralph M. Parsons Company, 117 Sacramento Bay, 98, 101, 119 Rapid Transportation Action Group, 188 Safeway, 310 Reagan, Ronald, 70, 104, 165, 317 Sagebrush Rebellion, 23 Rebuild L.A., 309–310 Salazar, Ruben, 265 Redondo Beach, 177 Salinas, 255 Reed, Christine, 96–97, 360n4 San Antonio River Walk, 164–165 “Re-Envisioning the L.A. River: A San Bernardino, 115 Program of Ecological and Community San Bernardino Mountains, 45–46 Revitalization” (FoLAR/UEPI Sanchez, George J., 67, 264 program), 10–11, 20, 149–150 Sanchez, Lucia, 302 Regional Food Bank, 309 County, 69–70, 96, 124 Remittances, 320–323 San Fernando Valley, 69, 84, 154, 177, 241, Renner, Marcus, 237–238, 242, 250 295 Restoration ecology, 24–25 San Francisco, 47, 176 Richfield, 272 San Francisco Bay, 101

425 Index

San Francisco Chronicle, 195 Shoup, Don, 200 San Gabriel and Lower Los Angeles Rivers Siemens, 125 and Mountains Conservancy, 148 Sierra Club, 12–13, 21 , 51 Sierra Madre, 54 San Gabriel River, 108, 112, 131, 148, Sig Alerts, 173–176, 216, 246, 331 154–157, 162 Sigmon, Loyd, 174 , 69, 84, 115, 149, Silko, Leslie Marmon, 266 295–296 Sinclair, Upton, 166 San Jose, 107 Singapore, 276, 278–279 San Quentin, 312 Sitton, Tom, 111 Santa Ana, 177, 312 Sleepy Lagoon trial, 263 , 192, 281 Sloan, Alfred, 175 Santa Ana River, 108 Smith, Neil, 269 Santa Barbara, 28 Smith, William A., 261 Santa Catalina Island, 92–93 Smith and Hawken, 38 Santa Fe railroad, 312–313 Social capital, 62, 64 Santa Monica, 7–8, 95–97 Social Change across Borders, 325 Santa Monica Bay, 33 Socialist Party, 109–110, 121 Santa Monica Baykeeper, 34 Social justice movements, 4–5 Santa Monica Boulevard, 1 Solis, Hilda, 155 Santa Monica–Malibu Unified School Somalia, 305 District (SMMUSD), 301–303 Sonoratown, 294 Santa Monica Mountains, 33, 148, 233 South Africa, 126 Sassen, Saskia, 269–270, 295, 397n6 South Central Farm, 308–312 Schwarzenegger, Arnold, 282, 314 South Coast Air Quality Management Scotts Company, 37–39 District, 46, 314 Seaside, 73–76, 78 Southern California Association of Sennett, Richard, 62, 253 Governments, 279 Service Employees International Union, Southern California Edison, 177 287 Southern California Rapid Transit District Sewage, 33–34 (SCRTD), 197 Shaffer, Amanda, 310 Southern Pacific, 177, 179–180 Shanghai, 276 South Gate, 32, 41, 295, 316 Sharp, Julie T., 37–38 Southwest Museum, 217 Sharp Electronics, 282 Spain, 257 Shenzhen, 276 Sri Lanka, 321 Shepherd, Susan, 292 Standard Oil, 181

426 Index

Starbucks, 328 Terrorism, 288, 293 State Water Project, 98, 101, 115, 119–120 Texas, 101, 125, 164–165 Steinberg, Ted, 37 Texas Transportation Institute, 176 Stone, Harry, 152 Thai Community Development Streetcars, 175, 187–188, 374n6 Corporation, 324–325, 328–329 Big Red Cars and, 177–178, 183, 375n14 Thai-U.S. Free-Trade Agreement, buses and, 181–182 326 Los Angeles Railway and, 178 Thailand municipalization of, 182–183 ENGAGE and, 324–329 Pacific Electric Railway and, 177–178, fair-trade policies and, 326–329 181 Thames Water, 125 Yellow Car system and, 178, 181, 183 Them (film), 158 Stringfellow Acid Pits, 313–314, 317–318 Time magazine, 72 String of Pearls (art exhibit), 228 Times Mirror Company, 84 Suburban-industrial clusters, 31–33 Togo, 305 Sudan, 305 Tokyo, 269 Suez, 125 Tongva Indians, 217–218 Summers, Lawrence, 62 Tonnies, Fernand, 61 , 95 Toys “R” Us, 282 Sunshine Canyon, 229 Transportation Superfund program, 317 automobile suburbs and, 28–35 (see also Supermarkets, 80–81 Automobiles) Surfrider Foundation, 34 bicyclists and, 157, 209–210, 216, 218, Surin farmers, 328–329 231, 236–252, 332 Sustainability, 23–24, 26 buses and, 11–12, 181–182, 187–188, Sweatshops, 271–272 210–214, 248, 254 Sweat X, 240 freeways and, 189–199 (see also Freeways) Sycamore Grove Park, 216, 246, 248 goods movement and, 276–283 parking issues and, 199–206 Taylor, Brian, 189 parkways and, 184–191 Taylor, Frederick Winslow, 36 pedestrians and, 206–209 Taylor, Rodney, 302 rail, 11, 175 (see also Rail) Taylor Yard, 148, 161, 168, 171, 373n55 Sig Alerts and, 216 Tehachapi Mountains, 98 streetcars and, 175–188 Temecula, 70–71 traffic jams and, 174–177 Tennessee, 185 Transportation Engineering Board, 190, Tennessee River, 165–166 223, 377n25

427 Index

Trashed Rivers Conferences, 165–166, Arroyo Seco and, 237–238 372n49 LANCER and, 307–308 Tree People, 45–47 University of Chicago, 89 Trees, 25–26, 332 University of Pennsylvania, 89 economic value of, 44, 46 University of Southern California, 68–69, parking lots and, 201 89 as sacred form, 44–45 University of Wisconsin, 3 Tribune Company, 84 Unpave L.A., 131 Truman Show,The (film), 75 Urban and Environmental Policy Institute Trust for Public Land, 43–44, 148, 311 (UEPI), 9, 310 Tujunga Wash, 154 ArroyoFest and, 12, 242–244, 250 Tustin, 83 Center for Food and Justice, 239, 293, 300–303, 309 Union Oil, 272, 284 the Cornfield and, 149–150, 159–162, Union Pacific, 159–160 168 Unions, 109, 285–289 immigrants and, 13–14, 255 Union Station, 167, 234 Los Angeles River and, 146–149 United Farmworkers (UFW) union, Migration Policy and Resource Center 285 and, 13, 324–325, 328 United Food and Commercial Workers “Re-Envisioning the L.A. River” and, Union, 287 10–11, 20, 149–162, 230 United Nations Declaration of the Rights Urbanization, 5–6 of the Child, 349n53 interstate highway development and, United Neighborhood Organization 69–70 (UNO), 283–284 Latino approach to, 76–77 livability and, 53–56 border issues and, 66 loss of community and, 61–66 demographic shifts and, 268–270 vs. nature, 26–27 immigrants and, 253–290 (see also sanitation reform and, 27 Immigrants) sprawl and, 293–296 September 11, 2001, and, 288, 293 Urban Land Institute, 201 Universities Urry, John, 20, 27 action-research model and, 91 U.S. Chamber of Commerce, 261 community and, 87–92 U.S. Department of Agriculture, 36, scholarship of engagement and, 91–92 301–302, 304, 308, 400n22 University of California, Los Angeles U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (UCLA), 8–9, 79, 146–147, 245 (EPA), 34, 317

428 Index

U.S. Filter Corporation, 125 bottled, 103, 126–129, 364n41 U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 127 Bureau of Reclamation and, 103 U.S. Forest Service, 45 Carter administration and, 103–104 U.S. Golf Association, 36 chlorinated, 102–103 U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Clean Water Act and, 34 Service (INS), 256 culture of, 100–106 U.S.-Mexico Border Patrol, 261–262 drinking, 102, 104, 118–119, 126–128 as healing, 100 Valenzuela, Omar, 255 Hoover Dam and, 112 Vallianatos, Mark, 67 imported supply of, 69 Vasquez, Christina, 274 landscape ethic and, 40 Vaux, Calvert, 184 Los Angeles Aqueduct and, 109–113 Ventura County, 29 Los Angeles River and, 6, 9–12, 138–145 Ventura Freeway, 29 (see also Los Angeles River) Vergara, Camilo José, 298 metering and, 152 Vietnam War, 85, 132, 265, 285 Metropolitan Water District (MWD) and, Vigilantes, 262 8, 30, 95–100, 112–120 Village Green, The, 32–33 Peripheral Canal and, 98–99, 119–120, Villaraigosa, Antonio, 254, 346n30 123–124, 129–132, 363n34 Virginia, 185 pollution and, 34, 101–103, 106–107, Vivendi, 125 118–119, 126–129, 166 Volcano (film), 158 public-trust doctrine and, 105 sewage and, 102–103, 142 Waldie, D. J., 161–162 transbasin projects and, 109–120 Walkout (film), 254 watershed concept, 105 Wallenboyd Theater, 137 World Bank and, 126 Wallerstein, Nina, 91 Water industry, 97–98, 100 Wal-Mart, 14, 71, 276, 313 iron triangle of, 103–104 Ward, Baxter, 196 privatization and, 104–105, 120–129 Washington, D.C., 296–297 Watson, Sophie, 356n40 Washington Heights, 306 Watts, James, 104 Wasserman, Lew, 284 Watts riots, 6, 265, 268 Water, 177 Weaver, John, 258 agriculture and, 108, 113 Weber, Devra, 402n44 annexation and, 109–120 Webster, Martin, 188, 191 Army Corps of Engineers and, 103, 131, Weinstein, Richard, 237 141–142 Wells, H. G., 66

429 Index

Wenders, Wim, 158 Yorty, Sam, 6–7 West, Nathaniel, 60 Yosemite, 45 Westlake, 29–31 Young, Iris Marion, 63, 65–66 Westwood, 199–200 Yu, Henry, 390n5 Wetbacks, 262–264, 273 Yukon River, 114 Wheeler, Fred, 121 White, Callie, 92–93 Zoot-suiters, 263 White, Gilbert, 367n10 White Gate Farm, 292 Whittier Narrows, 154–155 Who Framed Roger Rabbit? (film), 184 Wilderness Act, 22 Wilderness Society, 21 William Mead Homes, 19, 169 Williams, Raymond, 338 community and, 60–61 nature and, 17, 20–22, 26, 52, 55–56 Wilmington, 313, 315, 318 Wilshire Boulevard, 254 Wilson, Alexander, 4, 24, 55 Wilson, Charles, 191–192 Wilson, Pete, 256, 389n4 Wirth, Louis, 61–62 Wolt, Irene, 82 Women’s issues, 78, 85 Wong, Roger, 137 Wordsworth, William, 20 Works Progress Administration (WPA), 163, 221 World Bank, 126, 321, 393n25 World Economic Forum, 62 World Social Forum, 56, 86 World Trade Organization (WTO), 301, 304, 339

Yellow Book, 194 Yellow Car system, 178, 181, 183

430