1952 Big Job the Los Angeles Metropolitan Area LI8RARY by P
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S ._, _.— +IwJVW '.~.W~ .~~_._...ar.r.: .~~... _-r~.~yr.. ~..~. ~...r`... ~..~...~~.. ~.~. ___.~~.~. ._.... _~~_- Yv~c~~i' California Highways and Public Works Public Works Building Official 10u'rna I of the Division of Highways, Twelfth and N Streets Department of Public Works, State of California Sacramento FRANK B. DURKEE GEORGE T. McCOY Director State Highway Engineer KENNETH C. ADAMS, Editor HElEN HALSTED, Associate Editor MERRITT R. NICKERSON, Chief Photographer Published in the interest of highway development in Cali fornia. Editors of newspapers and others are privileged to use matter contained herein. Cuts will be gladly loaned upon request. Address communications to CALIFORNIA HIGHWAYS AND PUBLIC WORKS P. O. Box 1499 Sacramento, California Vol. 31 March-April Nos. 2, 3 Page Men and Steel. New Colorado Street Bridge in Pasadena Rapidly Taking Shape. Photograph by Robert A. Munroe, Photographic Section, M. R. Nic kerson, Chief Cover Big Job, III ustrated . _ By P. O. Harding, Assistant State Highway Engineer County Roads, Illustrated____ __ 17 By John Davis, Humboldt County Road Commissioner State Victory .. _ 19 Concrete Paving, Illustrated _ 21 By Corl Alzueta, Assistant Engineer Great Bu ilder, Illustrated _ 22 New Fi eIds, III ustrated _ 26 Retirements From Service, Illustrated _ 27 In Memoriam _ _ 31 , 64 Some Gadget, Illustrated _ 33 By Ralph H. Kipp, Assistant Steel Inspector Antiskid, Illustrated .. _ 36 By N. R. Bangert, Assistant Maintenance Engineer Highway Conferenc~, Illustrated _ 37 Coordinating State-wide and Local Highway Problems____________ __ 40 By Harrison R. Baker, State Highway Commissioner Record Snowfa Il 111,ustrated _. .. ._. .. _ r 44 State-wide Summary of Water -Conditions _ 48 Ancient Pictures on Rocks Pose Questions, Illustrated ----- _ 50 By Laura Adams Armer Pile Driving on Bayshore Freeway, Illustrated - _ 51 Out of theMail Bag ---------------------------- _ 52 History of United States Numbered Highways, Illustrated _ 54 By M. A. O'Brien, Highway Signin" Supervisor Sign La n9uage, III ustrated . _ 56 Standard Highway Definitions for All States _ 58 Highway Bids and Awards_________________________________________ _ _ 61 ---- OCCIDENTAL COlLCGE Role of Division of Highways in Development of the Freeway System for MAY 6 1952 Big Job the Los Angeles Metropolitan Area LI8RARY By P. O. HARDING, Assistant State Highway Engineer IN 1912 when California first started fic and these routes were generally des to construct a State Highway System ignated as traversable routes taken over the problem was one of getting out of by the State for maintenance until such the mud in the rural areas. Generally time as they could be improved to carry speaking, the cities had some surfaced the legal loads and the prevailing vol streets permitting the very light vehic umes of traffic at the speeds expected ular traffic of that day to traverse the for a State Highway System. incorporated areas much more easily Lack of Funds than the undeveloped roads of rural ter ritory. The State Highway System was The responsibilities thus delegated to thus initiated as a rural system with the State were far greater than the official routes stopping at the boun funds available to meet them, and at daries of incorporated cities. each successive biennial session of the Difficulties of small incorporated Legislature the department tried to towns to provide suitable surfaced ar properly portray this problem in the terial routes were recognized by legisla interest of obtaining additional funds. tion in 1925, permitting the extension These efforts were without success, and improvement of a highway route although it was pointed out that we through a municipality with a popula were losing ground in the fight to ad tion of not more than 2,500. The in equately take care of the rapidly in creasing vehicular traffic and the gen creasing traffic throughout the entire erally unsatisfactory condition of city State. streets as connecting links in a through In December, 1941, this Country was arterial system brought increasing con P. O. HARDING precipitated into a world war and all construction work upon the State sciousness of this city problem. In 1932 state highway routes within incorpo Highway System, as such, was stopped there were 457 miles of city streets in rated municipalities. Still further recog until its conclusion in late 1945. By this the 202 California cities which were nition of this problem was given by the time the tremendous growth of the connecting links to state routes. The Legislature in 1935 which provided an State, due to its strategic military loca over-all rural State Highway System at additional one-fourth cent of the gaso tion with relation to the vast war opera that time was approximately 7,000 line tax for maintenance, rights of way, tions in the Pacific, had produced a miles. The gasoline tax was 3 cents with construction or improvement on streets traffic situation, the full impact of 1 cent going to the counties for other of major importance within the cities, which was not realized until the re rural roads and 2 cents reserved for the off the State Highway System. maintenance and improvement of the moval of gasoline rationing and other State Highway System. System Expanded wartime controls. Both the 1933 one-fourth cent and Collier Committee Goes t,o Work Policy of Cooperation 1935 one~f ourth cent were taken from In recognition of the city problem, the state highway two cents of gas tax, Governor Warren recognized this by legislative authority, Statutes of thus reducing the expenditures upon problem and the particularly acute sit 1931, a policy of cooperation in con the state rural system to 1Yz cents. uation within the cities and urged the struction was inaugurated for those Coincident with the legislation reallo passage of legislation to provide the portions of the highway routings cating these gas tax funds, the Legisla additional funds necessary for modern within the cities, and in 1932 several ture in 1933 and 1935 added some 6,800 izing our State Highway System. The miles within cities were improved by miles of rural county roads to the state 1945 Legislature felt that this situation state and local cooperation. In further system, which, with the extended required comprehensive study before recognition of this problem Chapter routes through the cities, resulted in a the enactment of definite legislation and 767, Statutes of 1933, provided that the total State Highway System of approx accordingly appointed a joint Senate Department of Public Works would imately 14,000 miles. Both the county Assembly committee headed by Sena annually expend from the State High road additions and the city sections tor Randolph Collier of Yreka, which way Fund an amount equal to the net were generally deficient in standards of was to report back to the 1947 Legisla proceeds of one-fourth of one cent per grades, alignment and major bridge ture with recommendations. This com gallon tax of motor vehicle fuel upon structures to handle state highway traf- mittee in the interim period solicited information from the State Division of Highways, from each of the 300-odd PP..ODOSt:D incorporated cities, and each of the 58 counties in the State. It visited all sec ~~ SYST~M' tions of the State to receive all the fac P..[bWAY tual data available on the street, high to(~R.\)POLITAN COUNTY LOS way and road problems. from these AH·A m ANGUtS three levels of government. NOVlMBf.ll.. 1944 Los Angeles Problem Acute The transportation problem in Los ,\~.. Angeles has become particularly acute rIo due to the generally decentralized de ~~h;:~ velopment over this large metropolitan area. The incorporated area within the city limits of Los Angeles is 453.47 square miles but the 45 other incorpo rated cities within Los Angeles County and the tributary cities in Orange, Riv erside and San Bernardino Counties to the south and east and Ventura County to the north and west make the actual boundaries of the metropolitan area most difficult to define. The population of Los Angeles County alone, accord ing to the 1950 Federal Census, was 4,151,687, with the population of Los Angeles City 1,970,358. The latest figure on vehicular regis tration in Los Angeles County as of the end of 1951 is 2,133,641. Los Angeles, \~~" as a city with nearly half the popula tion and the worst congestion of the \, county, has been a natural leader in studies of vehicular transportation fa cilities in this metropolitan area. It has \\\'1 been assisted, and its studies expanded II' since the 20's by the county and by --::» various governmental, civic, and pri r"~if.~ ~'./' vate organizations, showing the wide -' spread recognition of the seriousness of the transportation problem. ;/~~L';~}'~\~, ,/';--;'/'''''l:/~~~'.:-:>~~ • ". Years of Planning \~ /\\~,/.-;:'-~~~.~ ... O:: .. "'> ....•.. ' .•.Y../. ~~~ ,~ . // . '> _. ~>'~~ r'J It can thus be seen that the Los An geles Metropolitan Freeway System '~~) ~~'" planned for this area did not develop overnight.