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The Maccabees (Hasmoneans)
The Maccabees Page 1 The Maccabees (Hasmoneans) HASMONEANS hazʹme-nēʹenz [Gk Asamomaios; Heb ḥašmônay]. In the broader sense the term Hasmonean refers to the whole “Maccabean” family. According to Josephus (Ant. xii.6.1 [265]), Mattathias, the first of the family to revolt against Antiochus IV’s demands, was the great-grandson of Hashman. This name may have derived from the Heb ḥašmān, perhaps meaning “fruitfulness,” “wealthy.” Hashman was a priest of the family of Joarib (cf. 1 Macc. 2:1; 1 Ch. 24:7). The narrower sense of the term Hasmonean has reference to the time of Israel’s independence beginning with Simon, Mattathias’s last surviving son, who in 142 B.C. gained independence from the Syrian control, and ending with Simon’s great-grandson Hyrcanus II, who submitted to the Roman general Pompey in 63 B.C. Remnants of the Hasmoneans continued until A.D. 100. I. Revolt of the Maccabees The Hasmonean name does not occur in the books of Maccabees, but appears in Josephus several times (Ant. xi.4.8 [111]; xii.6.1 [265]; xiv.16.4 [490f]; xv.11.4 [403]; xvi.7.1 [187]; xvii.7.3 [162]; xx.8.11 [190]; 10.3 [238]; 10.5 [247, 249]; BJ i.7 [19]; 1.3 [36]; Vita 1 [2, 4]) and once in the Mishnah (Middoth i.6). These references include the whole Maccabean family beginning with Mattathias. In 166 B.C. Mattathias, the aged priest in Modein, refused to obey the order of Antiochus IV’s envoy to sacrifice to the heathen gods, and instead slew the envoy and a Jew who was about to comply. -
Heshbon (Modern Hesbdn) Is Located in Transj Ordan
THE HISTORY OF HESHBON FROM LITERARY SOURCES * WERNER VYHMEISTER River Plate College, Puiggari, Entre Rios, Argentina Heshbon (modern Hesbdn) is located in Transjordan, about 20 miles east of the Jordan where it enters the Dead Sea. The remains of the old city are covered now by two hills, 2,930 and 2,954 feet above sea level respectively. According to the latest available statistics (from 1961), the village of Hesbdn has 718 inhabitants. Heshbon in OT Times Heshbon appears for the first time in the Biblical record as the capital city of Sihon, the Amorite king defeated by Moses. However, the region in which Heshbon was located is mentioned much earlier in the Bible. In Gn 14:5, Chedor- laomer and his confederates appear as smiting successively the Rephaim in Ashteroth-karnaim, the Zuzim in Ham, and the Emim in Shaveh Kiriathaim (i.e., the plain of Kiria- thaim). Kiriathaim has been identified with el-Qerei ydt, about five miles northwest of Dhz'bdn. It appears together with Heshbon in Num 32:37 among the cities rebuilt by the This article is a condensation of a B.D. thesis covering the same subject, deposited in the James White Library of Andrews University. * "Heshbon," Encyclopaedia Biblica, eds. T. K. Cheyne and J. S. Black, I1 (London, I~OI),col. 2044. "mi Dajani, director of the Department of Antiquities of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. Letter to the author, December 12, 1966. 8 Num 21 :21 ff. 4 Siegfried H. Horn et al., Seventh-day Adventist Bible Dictionary (Washington, D. C., 1960)~p. -
Hasmonean” Family Tree
THE “HASMONEAN” FAMILY TREE Hasmoneus │ Simeon │ John │ Mattathias ┌──────────────┬─────────────────────┼─────────────────┬─────────┐ John Simon Judas Maccabee Eleazar Jonathan Murdered: Murdered: KIA: KIA: Murdered: 160/159 BC 134 BC 160 BC 162 BC 143 BC ┌────────┬────┴────┐ Judas John Hyrcanus Murdered: Murdered: Died: 134 BC 135 BC 104 BC ├──────────────────────┬─────────────┐ Aristobulus ═ Salome Alexander Antigonus Alexander ═══════ Salome Alexander Declared Himself “King”: Murdered: Declared “King”: Declared “Regent”: 104 BC 103 BC 103 BC 76 BC Died: Died: 103 BC 76 BC ┌──────┴──────┐ Hyrcanus II Aristobulus II Declared High Priest: 76 BC 1 THE “HASMONEAN” DYNASTY OF SIMON THE HIGH PRIEST 142 BC Simon, the last of the sons of Mattathias, was declared High Priest & “Ethnarch” (ruler of one’s own ethnic group) of the Jews by Demetrius II, King of the Seleucid Empire. 138 BC After Demetrius II was captured by the Parthians, his brother, Antiochus VII, affirmed Simon’s High Priesthood & requested assistance in dealing with Trypho, a usurper of the Seleucid throne. “King Antiochus to Simon the high priest and ethnarch and to the nation of the Jews, greetings. “Whereas certain scoundrels have gained control of the kingdom of our ancestors, and I intend to lay claim to the kingdom so that I may restore it as it formerly was, and have recruited a host of mercenary troops and have equipped warships, and intend to make a landing in the country so that I may proceed against those who have destroyed our country and those who have devastated many cities in my kingdom, now therefore I confirm to you all the tax remissions that the kings before me have granted you, and a release from all the other payments from which they have released you. -
H.B. Hackett, "Alleged Anachronism in Acts 5: 36
1848.] Litlny. From Ba'albek to the sea its direct course is nearest 55 geographical miles. It flows at first along the alluvial valley; then breaks through the southern I!purs of Lebanon by a de~p chasm for about 20 miles, much of the way over a rocky bed and with a rushing and foaming stream; and at last flows to the sea with many windings through a broad low tract of meadow land. If now for this 20 milea mcham, we assume an average fall in the mile of 100 feet, or'20oo feet in all, (which Is a very large allowance, greater indeed than the rate of descent at the Little Falls of the Mohawk,) there yet remain. of the elevation Ilt Ba'albek (8;29 English feet) no less than 1729 feet to be distributed along the rest of the course, or 85 geographical miles. This gives an average fall of very nearly 50 feet in a mile, in a course mostly along alluvial vallies. This result, therefore, goet strongly to confirm that found above in the case of the Orontes; and both together would seem to afford decisive proof, that the reported elevation of the BIlU'a must be greatly exaggerated. Let us hope that public attention may be called to the varioaa points referred to in Ihis paper; and that those who have it in their power, will speedily cause these questions to be put at rest forever. ARTICLE II. ALLEGED ANACHRONISM IN ACTS 5: 36 IN RELATION TO Tmt SEDITION OF THEUDAS. TraDlialad fi'om the German loy H. -
Interactive Timeline of Bible History
Interactive Timeline Home China India Published in 2007 by Shawn Handran. Released in 2012 under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Uported License. Oceana-New World Greco-Roman Egypt Mesopotamia-Assyria Patriarchs Period Abraham to Joseph Interactive Timeline of Events in the Bible Exodus Period in Perspective of World History Judges Period Using Bible Chronologies Described in Halley’s Bible Handbook, The Ryrie Study Bible Kings Period and The Mystery of History with Comparative World Chronologies from Wikipedia Exile & Restoration Jesus the Messiah The Old Testament Or click here to begin Prehistory to 2100 bc China Period of Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors ca. 2850 Start of Indus Valley civilization ca. 3000 India Published in 2007 by Shawn Handran. Released in 2012 under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Uported License. Caral civilization (Peru) ca. 2700 Oceana-New World Helladic (Greece) & Minoan civilization (Crete) ca. 2800 Greco-Roman Ancient Egyptian civilization ca. 3100 Egypt Old Kingdom Rise of Mesopotamian civilization ca. 3400 Akkadian Empire Mesopotamia-Assyria Tower of Babel (uncertain) The Age of the Patriarchs – Click Here to View Genealogy Abraham Adam Noah’s Flood born in Ur 4176 Click here to view how dates shown here were calculated 2520 2166 4000 bc Genesis 1-11 2500 bc 2100 bc The Old Testament Dates on this page are approximate and difficult to verify Xia Dynasty 2070 2100 to 1700 bc China Xia Dynasty Late Harappan 1700 India Published in 2007 by Shawn -
Acts 5 Commentary
CCBC Prayer Group Dr. Brendon Witte Acts 5:17-42 Commentary “But the high priest rose up, and all who were with him (that is, the party of the Sadducees), and filled with jealousy they arrested the apostles and put them in the public prison” (vv. 17-18). At the instigation of the presiding member over the Sanhedrin, Annas the high priest (Acts 4:6), the party of the Sadducees arrested the apostles and placed them in prison overnight. The reason for their jealousy is not explained in the text. Perhaps, the Sadducees did not like the way the people treated the apostles with greater respect, even to the point that the crowds were potentially willing to stone some of the Sadducees to rescue the apostles (Acts 5:26). Additionally, they may have been envious of the disciples’ perceived authority; the Sadducees may have feared that power was slipping from their grasp as the disciples led Jews and God-fearers toward Christ and away from the Temple. The Tabernacle, and later the Temple, of God were places of physical and spiritual healing for the Israelites. Peter in the immediately preceding passage (Acts 5:12-16) stood in the Temple precincts and offered both types of restoration apart from the Temple and her priests. This clear display of authority undermined the dominance of the priestly class and the Sadducean party to which many of the aristocratic priests belonged. Neither of these suggestions are mutually exclusive. Either or neither may be correct. The reader simply has not been told the reason for the Sadducees envy; one is left merely to speculate a reason or reasons. -
Svensk Exegetisk 81 Årsbok
SVENSK EXEGETISK 81 ÅRSBOK På uppdrag av Svenska exegetiska sällskapet utgiven av Göran Eidevall Uppsala 2016 Svenska exegetiska sällskapet c/o Teologiska institutionen Box 511, S-751 20 UPPSALA, Sverige www.exegetiskasallskapet.se Utgivare: Göran Eidevall ([email protected]) Redaktionssekreterare: Tobias Hägerland –2016 ([email protected]) David Willgren 2017– ([email protected]) Recensionsansvarig: Rosmari Lillas-Schuil ([email protected]) Redaktionskommitté: Göran Eidevall ([email protected]) Rikard Roitto ([email protected]) Blaåenka Scheuer ([email protected]) Cecilia Wassén ([email protected]) Prenumerationspriser: Sverige: SEK 200 (studenter SEK 100) Övriga världen: SEK 300 Frakt tillkommer med SEK 50. För medlemmar i SES är frakten kostnadsfri. SEÅ beställs hos Svenska exegetiska sällskapet via hemsidan eller postadress ovan, eller hos Bokrondellen (www.bokrondellen.se). Anvisningar för medverkande åter- finns på hemsidan eller erhålls från redaktionssekreteraren. Manusstopp är 1 mars. Tidskriften är indexerad i Libris databas (www.kb.se/libris/). SEÅ may be ordered from Svenska exegetiska sällskapet either through the homepage or at the postal address above. Instructions for contributors are found on the homep- age or may be requested from the editorial secretary (david.willgren@ altutbildning.se). This periodical is indexed in the ATLA Religion Database®, published by the Ameri- can Theological Library Association, 300 S. Wacker Dr., Suite 2100, Chicago, IL 60606; E-mail: [email protected]; WWW: https://www.atla.com/. Omslagsbild: Odysseus och sirenerna (attisk vas, ca 480–470 f.Kr., British Museum) Bildbearbetning: Marcus Lecaros © SEÅ och respektive författare ISSN 1100-2298 Uppsala 2016 Tryck: Bulls Graphics, Halmstad Innehåll Exegetiska dagen 2015/Exegetical Day 2015 Bruce Louden Agamemnon and the Hebrew Bible ...................... -
Bethany Beyond Jordan
184 BETHANY BEYOND JORDAN. "IT is generally admitted by Biblical critics," writes the author of the article entitled, The .Authorship of the Fourth Gospel (Edinburgh Review, January, 1877), "that the true reading of chap. i. 28 (St. John's Gospel) is Bethany, not Bethabara." The Sinaitic Codex with the Vatican and Alexandrine reads Bethania (l:l7J0av•'l), and Origen states that in his time (186-253 A.D.) most of the 11o11cient manuscripts had this reading (in Evan Johannis, tom. viii.). He, however, adopted the reading Bethabara. "For Jordan is far off from Bethany," and Chrysostom (347-407 A.D.), though mentioning the reading Bethania, prefers the now accepted Bethabara. J erome follows in the same steps, and speaks of Bethabara only. The objection made by Origen is the same which has lately been urged by the author of " Supernatural Religion," who points out the probability that Bethania is the true reading, and that while this cannot refer to the town of Lazarus, it "is scarcely possible that there could have been a second village of the name" (vol. ii., p. 420). He further stl\tes that the place in question "is utterly unknown now." That Bethania, if the true reading, has no connection with the village near Jerusalem, is clearly evident from the Fourth Gospel, as the posi tion of that place is defined (chap. xi., verse 18). "Now Bethany was nigh unto Jerusalem, about fifteen furlongs off." The place in question " beyond Jordan" is therefore not in any way connected with this village, for " beyond Jordan" is applied in the Old and New Testament, and in the Talmud, to the third division of the Holy Land, called in the Mishma (Shevith ix. -
1. Herod the Great, Founder of the Dynasty, Tried to Kill the Infant Jesus by the “Slaughter of the Innocents” at Bethlehem
1. Herod the Great, founder of the dynasty, tried to kill the infant Jesus by the “slaughter of the innocents” at Bethlehem. (Matthew 2:13-16) 2. Herod Philip, uncle and first husband of Herodias, was not a ruler. (Matt. 14:3) 3. Herodias (Matt. 14:3) left Herod Philip to marry his half-brother Herod Antipas, Tetrarch of Galilee & Perea (Matt. 14:1). 4. John the Baptist rebuked Antipas for marrying Herodias, his brother’s wife, while his brother was still alive—against the law of Moses (Matt. 14:4). 5. Salome (Matt. 14:6) danced for Herod Antipas and, at Herodias’s direction, requested the beheading of John the Baptist. Later she married her great-uncle Philip the Tetrarch (Luke 3:1). 6. Herod Antipas, Tetrarch of Galilee &: Perea (Matt. 14:1) (r. 4 B.C.E.–39 C.E.), was Herodias’s uncle and second husband. After Salome’s dance and his rash promise, he executed John the Baptist. Much later he held part of Jesus’ trial (Luke 9:7; 13:31; 23:7). 7. Herod Archelaus, Ethnarch of Judea, Samaria and Idumea (Mat. 2:22) (r. 4 B.C.E.–6 C.E.), was replaced by a series of Roman governors, including Pontius Pilate (r. 26–36 C.E.). 8. Philip the Tetrarch of northern territories (Luke 3:1) (r. 4 B.C.E.–34 C.E.) later married Herodias’s daughter Salome, his grandniece. 9. King Herod Agrippa I (r. 37–44 C.E.) executed James the son of Zebedee and imprisoned Peter before his miraculous escape (Acts 12). -
The Book of Enoch and Second Temple Judaism. Nancy Perkins East Tennessee State University
East Tennessee State University Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University Electronic Theses and Dissertations Student Works 12-2011 The Book of Enoch and Second Temple Judaism. Nancy Perkins East Tennessee State University Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.etsu.edu/etd Part of the History of Religion Commons Recommended Citation Perkins, Nancy, "The Book of Enoch and Second Temple Judaism." (2011). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 1397. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1397 This Thesis - Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Works at Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Book of Enoch and Second Temple Judaism _____________________ A thesis presented to the faculty of the Department of History East Tennessee State University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Masters of Arts in History _____________________ by Nancy Perkins December 2011 _____________________ William D. Burgess Jr., PhD, Chair Keith Green, PhD Henry Antkiewicz, PhD Keywords: Book of Enoch, Judaism, Second Temple ABSTRACT The Book of Enoch and Second Temple Judaism by Nancy Perkins This thesis examines the ancient Jewish text the Book of Enoch, the scholarly work done on the text since its discovery in 1773, and its seminal importance to the study of ancient Jewish history. Primary sources for the thesis project are limited to Flavius Josephus and the works of the Old Testament. Modern scholars provide an abundance of secondary information. -
Religion & Faith Biblical
Ahlan Wa Sahlan Welcome to the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, founded by carved from rock over 2000 years ago, it also offers much more King Abdullah I, and currently ruled by King Abdullah II son of for the modern traveller, from the Jordan Valley, fertile and ever the late King Hussein. Over the years, Jordan has grown into a changing, to the remote desert canyons, immense and still. stable, peaceful and modern country. Whether you are a thrill seeker, a historian, or you just want to relax, Jordan is the place for you. While Jordan is known for the ancient Nabataean city of Petra, Content Biblical Jordan 2 Bethany Beyond the Jordan 4 Madaba 6 Mount Nebo 8 Mukawir 10 Tall Mar Elias 11 Anjara 11 Pella 12 As-Salt 12 Umm Qays 13 Umm Ar-Rasas 14 Jerash 15 Petra 16 Umm Ar-Rasas Hisban 17 The Dead Sea & Lot’s Cave 18 Amman 20 Aqaba 21 MAP LEGEND The King’s Highway 22 Historical Site Letters of Acknowledgement 23 Castle Itineraries 24 Religious Site Hotel Accommodation Camping Facilities Showkak Airport Road Highway Railway Bridge Nature / Wildlife Reserve Jordan Tourism Board: Is open Sunday to Thursday (08:00-17:00). Petra, the new world wonder UNESCO, world heritage site 1 BIBLICAL JORDAN The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan has proven home to some of the most influential Biblical leaders of the past; Abraham, Job, Moses, Ruth, Elijah, John the Baptist, Jesus Christ and Paul, to name a few. As the only area within the Holy Land visited by all of these great individuals, Jordan breathes with the histories recorded in the Holy Bible. -
Gospel of John (Chapters 1 & 2)
Second Lesson THE GOSPEL OF JOHN (CHAPTERS 1 & 2) I. WHO IS JOHN THE BAPTIST? John the Baptist was the last great prophet prior to the birth of Christ. He was a rabbi and minister who foretold the coming of the Messiah, paving the way for Christ by preparing the mind, bodies and spirits of his disciples for his arrival. Prophet Malachi in 3:1-3 prophecies of John’s coming. He is believed to have belonged to an ascetic group known as Essenes. Who were the Essenes? The Essenes were a Jewish mystical sect somewhat resembling the Pharisees living Qumran caves near the Dead Sea. They lived lives of ritual purity and separation. They originated about 100 B.C., and disappeared from history after the destruction of Jerusalem in A.D. 70. The Essenes are not directly mentioned in Scripture. It has been popular among some scholars to claim that John the Baptist was an Essene. There are some similarities between John and the Essenes: 1. John was in the desert (Luke 1:80). The Essenes were in the desert. 2. Both John and the Essenes used Isaiah 40:3 to describe themselves as the voice in the wilderness. 3. The baptism (or washing) practiced by John and the Essenes required a change of heart. The Essenes as a sect of Judaism do not exist today. John’s disciples: He also drew his share of disciples. The first two peoples Andrew and John that Jesus called to follow him were first followers of John (John 1:35 - 39). Philip was probably another disciple of John the Baptist.