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In all cases we have filmed the best available copy. UniversiV Micrâilms International 300 N. ZEEB RD., ANN ARBOR, Ml 48106 8207188 Gillingham, Robert George AN EDITION OF ABBOT AELFRICS OLD ENGLISH - LATIN GLOSSARY WITH COMMENTARY The Ohio State University PH.D. 1981 University Microfilms Internetlonsil m N .Z ee b RW,a m Arbor,MI48106 Copyright 1981 by Gillingham, Robert George All Rights R eserved AN EDITION OF ABBOT AELFRIC'S OLD ENGLISH-IATIN GLOSSARY WITH OCMMENTARY DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosqply in the Graduate School of The Ohio State Gniversil^ By Robert George Gillingham, B.S., M.A. ***** The Ohio State IMiversity 1981 Reading Ccmmittee: Approved By Dr. Alan K. Brown Dr. Stanley J. Kahrl Dr. Christian K. Zacher Adviser Department of English AC30SK3MIÆ33GMENTS I ejç>ress ny appreciation to Dr. Alan K. Brcwn, ity major adviser, for his unwavering concern on iry bdialf. I also wish to thank Dr. Stanley J. Kahrl and Dr. Christian K. Zacher for enabling the completion of ny dissertation. Further, Professor Ronald E. Buckalew of The Pennsylvania State IMiversity kindly provided a stimulating advance view of part of his recently publidied discussion of the AElfric texts. (See Selective. Bibliography.) 11 VITA September 25, 1942........... B o m - Monessen, Penn^lvania 1964...................... B.S., Clarion State College, Clarion, Pennsylvania 1964-1966............ = Teaching Assistant, Department of English, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 1966...................... M.A., Ihe University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 1966-1970.................. Instxuctor in English, Department of English, Louisiana Tech Uiiversity, Ruston, Louisiana 1971-1981.................. Instonactor in English, Department of English, The Pennsylvania State University, Fayettze Cairpus, Uniontcwn, Pennsylvania PUBLICATIONS "Hunanities Made Hunan, " witdi Evelyn Hovanec, West Virginia Review of Educa-tional Research, Vol. I, No. 1 (Fall 1973), pp. 46-47. "I'm OK, You're OK, Let's Write," West Virginia Review of Educat±onal Research, Vol. Ill, No. 2 (Fall 1975), pp. 20-21. "Vocabulary Learning, " in The Literacy Line, Pennsylvania Department of Education Right to Read Effort, 2 (February 1978), p. 2, col. 2. Editor, Verba, The Pennsylvania State IMiversity, Fayette Cairpus, Vol. I, Nos. 1, 2, 3, 1978-1979, and Vol. II, Nos. 1, 2, 3, 1979-1980. 1X1 TABLE OF OCMTENTS Page ACKNOMLEI)GMEITTS........................................ ii V i m ....... ill LIST OF TABLES........................................ V LIST OF ABBREVIATICNS................................... vi Chapter I. nUTRODUCTICN........................... 1 Structure in AElfric's Glossary................... 1 AElfric's Controlling Band....................... " 33 II. AELFRICS GLOSSARY AND ITS SOURCE.................... 38 The Relationship with Plant^us................... 38 m e Abstrusa-Abclita Tradition.................... 56 Isidore's Etymologiae and Differentiae............. 62 III. AN EDITION OF AELFRICS GLOSSARY FROM MANUSCRIPT ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE/ OXFORD, 154.............................. 72 Methodology................................... 72 m e Edition....................... 79 IV. AELFRIC'S GLOSSARY AND ITS USES............ 295 AElfric's Grarcmar............... 295 AElfric's Colloquy........ 316 BIBLIOGRAPHY.......................................... 340 IV LIST OF TABLES Table X Page 1. An Outline of AElfric's Glossary......................... 6 2. Positions of AElfric's Terms in Plantinus.................. 44 3. AElfric*s Terms Lacking in Plantinus. ................... 51 4. Variant Glosses in Grattmar and Glossary................... 305 5. Variant Glosses in Colloqiy and Glossary................... 327 LIST OF ABBREVIATICNS Abs-Abo......................... ^strusa-Abolita Glossary, in Lindsay,' Glossaria Latina, Volume III .......................... Brussels Glossary, contained in Wright-Wülcker, 284-303 Cl..............................Cleopatra Glossary, contained in Mriÿit-Wülcker, 258-283 / Co............. ................ AElfric's Oolloqiy, in Garmonsway, AElfric*s Colloquy Cp............................. Corpus Glossary, in Lindsay, The Corpus Glossary Diff ........................... Isidore's Differentiae, in Migne, Patrologiae Cursus Ccnpletus, volume 83 Etym............................ Isidore's Etymologiae, in Lindsay, Isidori Hispalensis Gr.................. ;...... AElfric's Grammar, in Zrpitza, AElfrics Grammatik und Glossar Pi..................... :........ Plantinus Glossary in Kindschi, The Latin-Old English Glossaries and in Wright-VJiilcker, 104-167 WW............................. Wright-Wülcker, Anglo-Saxon and Old English Vocabularies VI I. INTROTCTICN The discussion of structure in the genuine Glossary of Abbot AElfric (C.955-C.1010) has lent only a simplistic appreciation to the real nature of the Glossary. Caroline White merely states that the Glossary is a dictionary of Latin nouns and adjectives with Engli^ equivalents and is arranged by topic. She further ccmnents— inconclusively and inaccurately— that the Glossary "begins with God and the creation, defines parts of the bcx^, names of birds, beasts, and fishes, etc., and ends with the characteristics of men."^ Marguerite-Iferie Diibois states much 2 the same thing , and still a third examination of the structure of the Glossary is not much more exacting. James Hurt notes superficially that the topics of the Glossary are structured in eight sections: the first beginning with the lemma deus onanipotens and listing the significant parts of God's creation; the second— "Nomina Merrbrorum"— naming members of the bo^, society, and family; and the last six sections taking vp names of 3 birds, fish, animals, plantzs, trees, and domestic items. Cbviously, the real structure of AElfric's Glossary has not been defined by the critics; instzead, itzs generalized descriptions lend a dis torted and partially inaccurate view of it and ultzimatzely support, ' although erroneously, opinions like that of Hurt, \ho remarks that the Glossary is valuable for the study of Old English vocabulary but is ^Caroline White, AElfric, A New Stuc^ of His Life and Writings, Yale Studies in English, 2 (Boston: Lamson, Wblffe and Company, 1898), 120. 2 Aelfric, Sermonnaire, Docteur et Grammairien (Paris: E. Droz, 1943), p. 279. ^AElfric (New York: IVTayne, 1971), p. 112. otherwise not remarkable, that its structure and contents are the embodi- 4 ments of the traditional in medieval texts. While aki fric's Glossary is indebted to medieval prototypes and is a listing of the catmon terms of secular and religious life and artifacts, its form and contents are not quite confronted vdien they are e^^lained away as simply emanating frcm the medieval glossary tradition. AElfric's Glossary contains 1,269 entries in Latin-Old English word order (lenma-interpretation) and is a class- or subject-glossary, that is, one vdiose words are grouped by subjects, not one arranged alphabetically. Begun with "Incipi (un) t . Nctnina Multarum Berum : Anglice Nomina, " the Glossary is composed of eight class-lists, most of idiich are commonly found in circulated medieval subject-glossaries: "Nomina," "Nomina Menibrorum," "Nomina Avium," "Nomina Piscium," "tkmina Ferarum," "Nomina Herbarum," "Nomina Arborum," and "Nomina Domorum." Yet AElfric's Glossary is not a thoughtless accumulation of vocabulary. AElfric's care to record only fundamental terms with uncompli cated English glosses is obvious then his entries are contrasted with their more complex nuances in the multiple glosses