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Downloaded from The influence of traditional midwifery and other factors on maternal health in Indigenous communities in the Americas: protocol for a scoping review ForJournal: peerBMJ Open review only Manuscript ID bmjopen-2020-037922 Article Type: Protocol Date Submitted by the 21-Feb-2020 Author: Complete List of Authors: Sarmiento, Ivan; McGill University, Family Medicine; Universidad Del Rosario, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud Paredes Solís, Sergio; Universidad Autonoma de Guerrero, Centro de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero Morris, Martin; McGill University, Schulich Library of Physical Sciences, Life Sciences and Engineering Cockcroft, Anne; McGill University, Department of Family Medicine Andersson, Neil; McGill University, Department of Family Medicine; Universidad Autonoma de Guerrero - Campus Acapulco, Centro de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales Maternal medicine < OBSTETRICS, PRIMARY CARE, PUBLIC HEALTH, http://bmjopen.bmj.com/ Keywords: REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE, STATISTICS & RESEARCH METHODS, SOCIAL MEDICINE on September 25, 2021 by guest. 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Protected copyright. 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 For peer review only - http://bmjopen.bmj.com/site/about/guidelines.xhtml BMJ Open Page 2 of 31 BMJ Open: first published as 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037922 on 27 October 2020. Downloaded from 1 2 3 The influence of traditional midwifery and other factors on maternal health in Indigenous 4 5 communities in the Americas: protocol for a scoping review 6 7 8 9 Ivan Sarmiento, MPH1,2; 10 3 11 Sergio Paredes-Solís, MD, MSc, DSc ; 12 4 13 Martin Morris, MSc ; 14 Anne Cockcroft, MBBS, MD, FRCP, FFOM1; 15 16 Neil Andersson, MD,For MSc, MPhil, peer PhD1,3 review only 17 18 19 20 1 Department of Family Medicine. McGill University. Montreal, Canada. 21 2 22 Grupo de Estudios en Sistemas Tradicionales de Salud. Universidad del Rosario. Bogotá, 23 24 Colombia. 25 3 Centro de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales. Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero. 26 27 Acapulco, Mexico. 28 29 4 Schulich Library of Physical Sciences, Life Sciences and Engineering. McGill University. 30 31 Montreal, Canada 32 33 http://bmjopen.bmj.com/ 34 Corresponding author: Ivan Sarmiento 35 36 McGill University, Department of Family Medicine, 5858 Chemin de la Côte des Neiges, Montreal, 37 38 Quebec H3S 1Z1, [email protected], +1 (438) 927-8710, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2871- 39 40 1464 41 on September 25, 2021 by guest. Protected copyright. 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 1 60 For peer review only - http://bmjopen.bmj.com/site/about/guidelines.xhtml Page 3 of 31 BMJ Open BMJ Open: first published as 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037922 on 27 October 2020. Downloaded from 1 2 3 4 5 ABSTRACT 6 Introduction. 7 8 Mutual mistrust between Western practitioners and indigenous traditional midwives hampers 9 10 collaboration in health care in many indigenous settings. As a consequence, indigenous 11 12 mothers often receive culturally unsafe services that do not fully respond to their needs. To 13 14 improve this situation through intercultural dialogue, in 2017 we mapped perspectives held by 15 Mexican traditional midwives on maternal health. The current scoping review maps Western 16 For peer review only 17 perspectives reflected in published and unpublished literature. A subsequent step will compare 18 19 maps of western and traditional perspectives, to identify opportunities to bridge the 20 21 intercultural distance. The objective of this scoping review is to collate and assess literature 22 23 that identifies associations related to traditional midwives and maternal health in indigenous 24 25 communities in the Americas. 26 27 Methods and analysis. 28 This protocol describes adaptation of established scoping review methodology to explore 29 30 published and unpublished evidence. A librarian will support a comprehensive search strategy 31 32 of quantitative and qualitative studies with iterative and documented adjustments. Two 33 http://bmjopen.bmj.com/ 34 researchers will independently screen the identified manuscripts and blindly select those that 35 36 comply with the inclusion criteria. Discrepancies will be resolved through discussion and, if 37 38 necessary, a third party. The quality assessment of included manuscripts will rely on the Mixed 39 Method Appraisal Tool. Two independent researchers will extract data on factors promoting or 40 41 reducing maternal health in indigenous communities, including the role or influence of on September 25, 2021 by guest. Protected copyright. 42 43 traditional midwives. Fuzzy cognitive mapping will summarize the findings. 44 45 Ethics and dissemination 46 47 This review is part of a proposal approved by Institutional Review Boards of the McGill 48 49 University Faculty of Medicine and the Centro de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales in 50 Guerrero, Mexio (2017). Participating indigenous communities in Guerrero State approved the 51 52 study in 2015. The results of the scoping review will contribute to the field of cultural safety and 53 54 intercultural dialogue for the promotion of maternal health in indigenous communities. 55 56 57 58 59 2 60 For peer review only - http://bmjopen.bmj.com/site/about/guidelines.xhtml BMJ Open Page 4 of 31 BMJ Open: first published as 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037922 on 27 October 2020. Downloaded from 1 2 3 PROSPERO registry number: In progress, PROSPERO acknowledgement of receipt 138575, 4 5 submitted on 4 February 2020 6 7 8 9 Word count: 2,843 10 11 12 13 Keywords: indigenous health, weight of evidence, intercultural dialogue, maternal health, safe 14 birth, traditional health systems 15 16 For peer review only 17 18 Strengths and limitations of this study 19 20 Viewed from different standpoints, maternal health has multiple interpretations and 21 22 multiple interacting factors that simple linear models cannot easily identify. 23 24 This scoping review uses fuzzy cognitive mapping to summarize results, generating soft 25 models of causal relationships that require empirical testing. 26 27 The review is part of a bigger initiative promoting intercultural dialogue between 28 29 indigenous and western perspectives, with a view to improving maternal health.