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An Analysis of the Loss of HMAS SYDNEY
An analysis of the loss of HMAS SYDNEY By David Kennedy The 6,830-ton modified Leander class cruiser HMAS SYDNEY THE MAIN STORY The sinking of cruiser HMAS SYDNEY by disguised German raider KORMORAN, and the delayed search for all 645 crew who perished 70 years ago, can be attributed directly to the personal control by British wartime leader Winston Churchill of top-secret Enigma intelligence decodes and his individual power. As First Lord of the Admiralty, then Prime Minster, Churchill had been denying top secret intelligence information to commanders at sea, and excluding Australian prime ministers from knowledge of Ultra decodes of German Enigma signals long before SYDNEY II was sunk by KORMORAN, disguised as the Dutch STRAAT MALAKKA, off north-Western Australia on November 19, 1941. Ongoing research also reveals that a wide, hands-on, operation led secretly from London in late 1941, accounted for the ignorance, confusion, slow reactions in Australia and a delayed search for survivors . in stark contrast to Churchill's direct part in the destruction by SYDNEY I of the German cruiser EMDEN 25 years before. Churchill was at the helm of one of his special operations, to sweep from the oceans disguised German raiders, their supply ships, and also blockade runners bound for Germany from Japan, when SYDNEY II was lost only 19 days before the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor and Southeast Asia. Covering up of a blunder, or a punitive example to the new and distrusted Labor government of John Curtin gone terribly wrong because of a covert German weapon, can explain stern and brief official statements at the time and whitewashes now, with Germany and Japan solidly within Western alliances. -
Antler Combs from the Salme Ship Burials: Find Context, Origin, Dating and Manufacture
Estonian Journal of Archaeology, 2020, 24, 1, 3–44 https://doi.org/10.3176/arch.2020.1.01 Heidi Luik, Jüri Peets, John Ljungkvist, Liina Maldre, Reet Maldre, Raili Allmäe, Mariana MuñozRodríguez, Krista McGrath, Camilla Speller and Steven Ashby ANTLER COMBS FROM THE SALME SHIP BURIALS: FIND CONTEXT, ORIGIN, DATING AND MANUFACTURE In 2008 and 2010, two partly destroyed ship burials were discovered near Salme on the island of Saaremaa. During the archaeological excavations, at least 41 wholly or partially preserved skeletons were discovered, and a large number of artefacts were found, including a dozen singlesided antler combs. On the basis of the finds, as well as radiocarbon dating, the ship burials were dated to the PreViking Period, while both the isotopic and archaeological evidence point towards central Sweden as the most probable origin of the buried individuals. The combs from Salme have features that are generally consistent with the 8th century, with the closest parallels coming from the Mälar region of central Sweden. According to ZooMS and aDNA analyses, they are made of elk (Alces alces) and reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) antler. Elk inhabited the Mälar region, but reindeer antler had its origin in more northern regions. Most combs were clearly manufactured with great skill, and finished with care, though some details indicate differences in the skills of comb makers. Heidi Luik, Archaeological research collection, Tallinn University, 10 Rüütli St., 10130 Tallinn, Estonia; [email protected] Jüri Peets, Archaeological research -
Autumn Edition 2020
AUTUMN EDITION 2020 PORTSIDE AT ANCHOR IN SYDNEY HARBOUR ANZAC DAY TORONTO ~ CANCELLED ~ PAGE 5 ANZAC DAY ~ CANCELLED ~ PAGE 9 WW1 ON THE GROUND & THE AIR PAGES 26 TO 35 HMAS SYDNEY (11) ~ WW2 ~ PAGES 38 to 44 Official Newsletter of: Toronto RSL sub-Branch PO Box 437 Toronto 2283 [email protected] 02 4959 3699 Arcade Books 60 The Boulevarde Toronto ~ 49592800 Selling all types of pre-loved books and Books helping adults with reading and writing skills. In the arcade opposite Toronto Diggers. Closed Mondays Tues - Fri 9:00-5:00 - Sat 9:00 -1:00 In a time of need turn to someone you can trust FDA of NSW. Family Owned and Operated. (02) 49 731513 4959 1296 • All work done on the premises Pre Arranged Funeral Plan in • Alterations and Repairs Association with • Exclusive Bridal and Eveningwear Specialists • Blankets, Quilts, Curtains barbarakingfunerals.com.au From the Presidents Desk We have had a change of personnel within the Sub Branch Executive. After many years of service Ron decided he could no longer continue his role as President. His health has not been the best and the demands of both here and the Diggers Club were catching up. We at the Sub Branch pass on our gratitude and thanks for his years of dedicated service to helping veterans and families and in running and maintaining the office. Many of you may not realise just how hard it has been over the past 3 years and the amount of work required to maintain the Sub Branch, it has not been fun and at times very hard on Ron’s health. -
W Numerze 12 46 27 72 91 2 40 22 54 82
W NUMERZE Dwumiesięcznik Vol. XXVI, Nr 4/2016 (138) ISSN‑1231‑014X, Indeks 386138 Siergiej Bałakin Windjammery, część III 2 Redaktor naczelny Jarosław Malinowski Kolegium redakcyjne Rafał Ciechanowski, Krzysztof Dąbrowski, Maciej S. Sobański Curt Borgenstam 12 Szwedzki pancernik obrony wybrzeża Oscar II Współpracownicy w kraju Andrzej S. Bartelski, Stanisław Biela, Andrzej Danilewicz, Józef Wiesław Dyskant, Maciej K. Franz, Jarosław Jastrzębski, Jerzy Lewandowski, Wojciech Mazurek, Oskar Myszor, Andrzej Nitka, Krzysztof Dąbrowski Grzegorz Nowak, Piotr Nykiel, 22 Jarosław Palasek, Jan Radziemski, Klęska krążowników Marcin Schiele, Kazimierz Zygadło Współpracownicy zagraniczni BELGIA Leo Van Ginderen Alejandro Anca Alamillo, Nikołaj Mitiukow CZECHY 27 Ota Janeček Transportowiec wodnosamolotów Dedalo, FRANCJA część II Luc Feron, Gérard Garier, Jean Guiglini, Marc Saibène GRECJA Aris Bilalis Kent R. Crawford, HISZPANIA Nikołaj Mitiukow, Stanisław Mokrousow Alejandro Anca Alamillo W kwestii brytyjsko-włoskiego konfliktu 40 LITWA na Morzu Śródziemnym w okresie II Wojny Aleksandr Mitrofanov Światowej NIEMCY Richard Dybko, Hartmut Ehlers, Jürgen Eichardt, Christoph Fatz, Zvonimir Freivogel, Reinhard Kramer Roman Kochnowski ROSJA 46 Dramatyczny pojedynek w pobliżu Siergiej Bałakin, Nikołaj Mitiukow, Siergiej Patianin, Konstantin Strielbickij Zatoki Rekina STANY ZJEDNOCZONE. A.P. Arthur D. Baker III UKRAINA Anatolij Odajnik, Władimir Zabłockij WIELKA BRYTANIA Jacek Jarosz John Jordan, Richard Osborne, Ian Sturton Radzieckie bazy wielorybnicze 54 Adres redakcji Wydawnictwo „Okręty Wojenne” Krzywoustego 16, 42‑605 Tarnowskie Góry Polska/Poland tel: +48 32 384‑48‑61 Stanisław Biela www.okretywojenne.pl 72 „Ptaszki” w służbie powojennej, część II e‑mail: [email protected] Skład, druk i oprawa DRUKPOL sp. j. Kochanowskiego 27, 42‑600 Tarnowskie Góry tel. 32 285 40 35, www.drukpoltg.pl Jan Radziemski Komsomolec – anatomia katastrofy 82 © by Wydawnictwo „Okręty Wojenne” 2016 Wszelkie prawa zastrzeżone. -
Estonia Estonia
Estonia A cool country with a warm heart www.visitestonia.com ESTONIA Official name: Republic of Estonia (in Estonian: Eesti Vabariik) Area: 45,227 km2 (ca 0% of Estonia’s territory is made up of 520 islands, 5% are inland waterbodies, 48% is forest, 7% is marshland and moor, and 37% is agricultural land) 1.36 million inhabitants (68% Estonians, 26% Russians, 2% Ukrainians, % Byelorussians and % Finns), of whom 68% live in cities Capital Tallinn (397 thousand inhabitants) Official language: Estonian, system of government: parliamen- tary democracy. The proclamation of the country’s independ- ence is a national holiday celebrated on the 24th of February (Independence Day). The Republic of Estonia is a member of the European Union and NATO USEFUL INFORMATION Estonia is on Eastern European time (GMT +02:00) The currency is the Estonian kroon (EEK) ( EUR =5.6466 EEK) Telephone: the country code for Estonia is +372 Estonian Internet catalogue www.ee, information: www.1182.ee and www.1188.ee Map of public Internet access points: regio.delfi.ee/ipunktid, and wireless Internet areas: www.wifi.ee Emergency numbers in Estonia: police 110, ambulance and fire department 112 Distance from Tallinn: Helsinki 85 km, Riga 307 km, St. Petersburg 395 km, Stockholm 405 km Estonia. A cool country with a warm heart hat is the best expression of Estonia’s character? Is an extraordinary building of its own – in the 6th century Wit the grey limestone, used in the walls of medieval Oleviste Church, whose tower is 59 metres high, was houses and churches, that pushes its way through the the highest in the world. -
Chapter 4: the Engagement
CHAPTER 4 THE ENGAGEMENT Obviously the thing that is coming out of all of this is that NO ONE knows what happened to the Sydney and the Kormoran. Every thing appears to be heresay (sic) from all witnesses and all the information obtained from the prisoners of the Kormoran.1 The Debate Surrounding the Loss of Sydney 4.1 In the 57 years since Sydney was lost, theories about the battle and its aftermath have flourished, assisted by the lack of a complete documentary record of the incident. The absence2 of definitive records, and in particular any report of a Board of Inquiry, has frustrated researchers and in some cases led to suspicions of a cover-up. Quite contradictory theories about the loss of Sydney have developed. While they are open to challenge and criticism, the various theories raise questions about the accuracy of the official history, published in 1957. 4.2 The Terms of Reference for the inquiry asked that the Committee 'investigate and report on the circumstances of the sinking of HMAS Sydney off the West Australian coast ...'. The Committee, while hopeful of addressing some of the major issues related to the loss of Sydney, did not aim to examine in minute detail the technical dimensions of the engagement. The evidence about what might have occurred is often contradictory, and as LCDR Ean McDonald, RAN (Retd) observed: The whole point about this, as we must all appreciate, is that we are all guessing.3 4.3 The same claims and counter claims covered in works by Montgomery, Winter and Frame continue to be raised and merit some comment. -
05-09-14Two Sections.Indd
(Periodicals postage paid in Seattle, WA) TIME-DATED MATERIAL — DO NOT DELAY Taste of Norway Syttende Mai Now that’s Happy birthday, « Vi svinger flagget stolt for Norge, a wrap! med hurrarop ifra syd og til nord. » constitution! Read more on pages S8-S9 – Grethe Myhre Skottene Special section: pages S1-S16 Norwegian American Weekly Vol. 125 No. 18 May 9, 2014 Established May 17, 1889 • Formerly Western Viking and Nordisk Tidende $2.00 per copy The future is ahead Norway’s constitution is 200 years old this month. NAW is 125. As we reflect back and as we celebrate, the door to the future waits to be opened. What’s inside? News 2-3 Opinion 4-5 Business 6 Sports 7 Roots & Connections 10 Obituaries & Religion 11 Norwegian Heritage 12-13 Features 14 Arts & Entertainment 15 Syttende Mai special section S1-S16 Taste of Norway S8-S9 Travel S10 Calendar S14-S15 $1 = NOK 5.954 updated 05/05/2014 In comparison 04/05/2014 6.0034 11/05/2013 5.9854 05/05/2013 5.8008 Photo: (boathouse on a fjord) Pixabay 2 • May 9, 2014 norwegian aMerican weekly NyhETEr Fra NorgE Nyheter Støtte for Syria-milliard Lo mener Fremskrittspartiet vil ha poker-NM og kasino på øya Munkholmen Stortinget støtter Arbeiderpartiets forslag regjeringen er Frp fikk i regjeringsforhandlingene med Høyre gjennomslag for å tillate kvinnefiendtlig pokerturneringer med pengeinnsats i Norge. Nestleder Per Sandberg deltok Regjeringen vil stryke selv i poker-NM i Dublin i april og kunne etter turneringen garantere at punktet om likelønn i det blir NM hjemme i Norge allerede neste år. -
Skanfils Heureka-Auksjon 5
Skanfils Heureka-auksjon 5 Lørdag 10. mars 2018 kl. 10.00 Auksjonen avholdes på Stølsmyr 10, 5542 Karmsund (Posten- / Bringterminalen) Velkommen til Skanfils Heureka-auksjon 5 ! Endelig er ventetiden over! Nytt år og nye muligheter. La skattejakten starte med Skanfils første Heureka-auksjon for 2018. Vi har igjen fått samlet inn et rikholdig utvalg av antikviteter, samlerobjekter og interiør, så her skal det være noe for enhver samler og lommebok. Også denne gang er det lagt ut ca. 1000 objekter uten noen minstepris, og vi starter på 1 krone. I tillegg har vi også et utvalg med objekter på vår aveling for Heureka+, med utropspris fra 5000 kr og oppover (se side 20-23). Budgivningen er allerede i gang på nett, og det er mulig å by helt frem til auksjonsstart lørdag 10. mars. Ønsker du hjelp til å legge inn bud? Kontakt oss, og vi hjelper deg gjerne. Har du ting du ønsker å selge på en av våre mange auksjoner? Da vil vi gjerne høre fra deg. Til slutt vil vi i Heureka teamet si lykke til med budgivningen og vel møtt til visning i våre lokaler på Stølsmyr 10 i Haugesund. Heureka-auksjon nr. 5. starter 10. mars kl 10.00. Hilsen Heureka-teamet. AUKSJONEN FOREGÅR I VÅRE HEUREKA-LOKALER; STØLSMYR 10, 5542 KARMSUND Starttidspunkt: The auction starts: Lørdag 10. mars: kl. 10.00 Saturday March 10: 10.00 Forhåndsbud bør være oss i hende: Bids should be received by: Skriftlig/telefonisk: Fredag 9. mars kl. 15.30 Mail-bid/phone/fax: Friday March 9 at 15.30. -
Ager Library Author List -- September, 2016
Ager House Resource Library Ager Library Author List -- September, 2016 Personal name Title Statement Call Number "Fram" Expedition : Nansen i den frosne G 700.N22 F7 verden; Reise over Nord Grønland med Løitnant R. E. Peary. 52 Søndagsmiddager. TX 722.N6 Bente's gammaldansorkester [Sound CD 103 recording (CD)]. Beretning am Hauges Synodes 72de Aarsmøde, BX 8054.A29 den Norske Synodes 32te : Ordentige Synode møde....Organisations-mødet for den Norsk Lutherske Kirke i Amerika. Beretning om det 18de ordentligesynodemøde BX 8052.A3 i østlige distrikt af synoden for den norsk-evangelisk-lutheriske kirke i Amerika av holdt i Chicago, Ill fra 26de mai til 1ste juni, 1904. Beretning om det ekstraordinære synodemøde BX 8052.A3 af synoden for den norsk-evangelisk-lutheriske kirke i Amerika av holdt i San Francisco, Cal. fra 30te mai til 6the juni, 1915. Charming Oslo. DL 581.C5 De hjem vi forlod og de hjem vi fandt : To DL 449.H67 c2 bøger i et royal octavbind. De hjem vi forlod og de hjem vi fandt : to DL 449.H67 bøger i et royal oktavcbind. Den Norske Farmakopø. R 85.N4 Den norske studentersangsforenings Koncert E 168.N76 tourne gjennem det norske Amerika, i Mai or Juni 1905. Den syungende mand paa sjø og land. PT 8619.S63 Evangelisk Læsebok for Børn. BS 556.N8 Folkets Almanak for det aar efter Kristi AY 974.A65 Fødsel 1956 : Som er skudaar beregnet til Kobenhavns Observatoriums Horisont. Freia bakepulver : godt, drøit og billig. TX 722.N6 Freia opskriftbok. TX 722.N6 Gjærbakst. TX 722.N6 Grundtvigs sangbog for det danske folk i M 2132.N5 Amerika. -
Estonian Cultural Heritage. Preservation and Conservation Vol
VOL. 1 2005–2012 ESTONIAN CULTURAL HERITAGE PRESERVATION AND CONSERVATION CITYSCAPE / PUBLIC AND RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS / CHURCHES / MANORS INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE / TECHNOLOGY / ARCHAEOLOGY INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION1 / MISCELLANY VOL. 1 2005–2012 ESTONIAN CULTURAL HERITAGE. PRESERVATION AND CONSERVATION AND CONSERVATION PRESERVATION HERITAGE. CULTURAL 1 ESTONIAN VOL. 2005–2012 Editors-in-chief: MARI LOIT, KAIS MATTEUS, ANNELI RANDLA ESTONIAN Editorial Board: BORIS DUBOVIK, LILIAN HANSAR, HILKKA HIIOP, MART KESKKÜLA, JUHAN KILUMETS, ILME MÄESALU, MARGIT PULK, CULTURAL HERITAGE TÕNU SEPP, OLEV SUUDER, KALEV UUSTALU, LEELE VÄLJA PRESERVATION AND CONSERVATION Translated by SYNTAX GROUP OÜ Graphic design and layout by TUULI AULE Published by NATIONAL HERITAGE BOARD, TALLINN CULTURE AND HERITAGE DEPARTMENT, DEPARTMENT OF CULTURAL HERITAGE AND CONSERVATION AT THE ESTONIAN ACADEMY OF ARTS Supported by THE COUNCIL OF GAMBLING TAX Front cover: The main stairway of the former Estländische adelige Credit-Kasse. Photo by Peeter Säre Fragment of the land use plan of the comprehensive plan of the old town of Narva 15 Seaplane hangars. Photo by Martin Siplane 29 Detail from a coat-of-arms epitaph in Tallinn Cathedral. Photo by the workshop for conserving the coats-of-arms collection of Tallinn Cathedral 65 Laupa Manor. Photo by Martin Siplane 93 Carpentry workshop of the Rotermann Quarter. 7 Rosen Str, Tallinn. Photo by Andrus Kõresaar 117 Lead sheet on the lantern at the façade of the Tallinn Great Guild Hall. Photo by Martin Siplane 133 13th c. merchant’s -
Isotopic Provenancing of the Salme Ship Burials in Pre-Viking Age Estonia T
Isotopic provenancing of the Salme ship burials in Pre-Viking Age Estonia T. Douglas Price1,Juri¨ Peets2, Raili Allmae¨ 2, Liina Maldre2 &EsterOras3 Ship burials are a well-known feature of Scandinavian Viking Age archaeology, but N the discovery of 41 individuals buried in two ships in Estonia belongs to the Pre-Viking period and is the first of its kind in Europe. Tallinn The two crews met a violent end around AD 750, and were buried with a variety Salme of richly decorated weapons, tools, gaming pieces and animal bones. The rich grave goods suggest that this was a diplomatic delegation protected by a cohort of elite warriors. They were armed with swords of Scandinavian design, possibly from the Stockholm-Malaren¨ 0 km 500 region, and stable isotope analysis is consistent with that being the probable homeland of the crew. Keywords: Estonia, Pre-Viking Age, isotopic analysis, ship burial, grave goods Introduction Salme is a small coastal village on the island of Saaremaa in western Estonia, on the eastern side of the Baltic Sea (Figure 1). In the summer of 2008, workmen exposed extraordinary archaeological finds, including human skeletal remains, iron swords and rivets, and bone gaming pieces. The objects were dated to around AD 750, the end of what is known in Estonia as the Pre-Viking Age, and in Sweden as the Vendel Period and the beginning of the Viking Age. None of the artefacts was of local origin, and a number of them exhibited a style associated with archaeological materials from Scandinavia, across the Baltic Sea (Konsa et al. -
Kriegsmarine (1939—1945) W Zachodnioniemieckiej Historiografii
JERZY PERTEK P o z n a ń KRIEGSMARINE (1939—1945) W ZACHODNIONIEMIECKIEJ HISTORIOGRAFII Znajomość zachodnioniemieckiej literatury historycznej dotyczącej działal ności Kriegsmarine w latach II wojny światowej nie jest w Polsce zbyt duża ł. Świadczy o tym m. in. niewielka ilość omówień i recenzji tych publikacji w naszym czasopiśmiennictwie wojskowym i niemcoznawczym. A przecież sam fakt powstania w NRF i bujnego tam rozwoju marynarki wojennej, bę dącej nieodrodną spadkobierczynią ducha i tradycji Kriegsmarine, do których się w Bundesmarine coraz wyraźniej nawiązuje i pieczołowicie je kultywuje, winien wystarczyć, aby metodzie i sposobom przedstawiania wydarzeń będą cych osnową tych tradycji poświęcić baczniejszą uwagę. I to tym bardziej, że lektura tych publikacji pozwala na stwierdzenie, iż mamy do czynienia z czy stej wody apologią działań hitlerowskiej Kriegsmarine, coraz bardziej wpa dającą w ton apokryficznej samochwały. Warto więc wiedzieć, jakie „prawdy” na powyższy temat otrzymuje czytelnik w NRF oraz na jakich przykładach wychowuje się i szkoli szeregi nowych adeptów sztuki wojennomorskiej, przygotowując ich do pełnienia „obronnych” zadań, stojących przed Bundes marine w ramach sojuszu atlantyckiego i jego koncepcji strategicznych. Jak wiadomo, jedno z pierwszych postanowień Sojuszniczej Komisji Kon troli w Niemczech dotyczyło zakazu publikowania literatury militarystycznej. Zakaz ten utrzymał się jednakże zaledwie trzy — cztery lata, a potem — choć oficjalnie nie został zniesiony — po prostu przestał obowiązywać. Punktem zwrotnym stało się opublikowanie w 1949 r. w Monachium książki byłego szefa sztabu armii lądowej, generała pułkownika Franza Haidera pt. Hitler ais Feldherr, która rychło osiągnęła 100 000 egz. nakładu. Zawierała ona 1 Jak dotąd nie ukazały się u nas żadne poważniejsze omówienia zachodnio niemieckiej historiografii działań Kriegsmarine w latach 1939—1945.