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Feđa Vukić Ivana Podnar IDENTITETSKA MAPA Prijelom ATN 04-02 FINAL_Layout 1 6.11.2010. 10:50 Page 151 IZVORNI ZNANSTVENI RAD ORIGINAL SCIENTIFIC PAPER dr. sc. IDENTITETSKA MAPA Feđa Vukić SUVREMENOG ZAGREBA Ivana Podnar AN IDENTITY MAP OF MODERN ZAGREB SAžETAK: Istraživanje identitetske razmjene ABSTRACT : Research into the identity exchange 151 između pojedinca i ideje o gradu (zajednici) between individuals and the idea of a city A teorijski je uspostavljeno na ideji o identitetskom (community) is theoretically established on the c t a T sustavu koji projektno može pomoći podizanju idea of an identity system which when projected u r i s razine identifikacije. Istraživanje je provedeno na can assist in raising the level of identification. t i c a terenu, dokumentiranjem komunikacije u javnom i Research was carried out on the ground by N o privatnom prostoru te istraživanjem stavova documenting communication in public and v a , V građana o vrijednostima koje identificiraju grad private space and by surveying the attitudes of o l 4 Zagreb. Analiza rezultata upućuje na sklonost citizens about the values that they identify with ( 2 0 građana da prepoznaju grad u kojem žive kao the city of Zagreb. Analysis of the results indicates 1 0 ) , vrijedno i dobro mjesto ali istovremeno je situacija the tendency of inhabitants to view the city in N o . u prostoru bitno drukčija i upućuje na nižu razinu which they live as a valuable and good place. 2 , p identitetske razmjene. However, at the same time, the situation on the p . 1 2 ground is significantly different and suggests a 1 - 2 KLjUČNE RIjEČI: 5 identitet, mapa, grad, stavovi lower level of identity exchange. 0 građana, identitetski sustav KEY WORDS: identity, map, city, attitudes of citizens, identity system Dr. sc. Feđa Vukić , Studij dizajna, Arhitektonski fakultet, Sveučilište u Zagrebu e-mail: [email protected] Ivana Podnar , povjesničar umjetnosti, Zagreb Prijelom ATN 04-02 FINAL_Layout 1 6.11.2010. 10:50 Page 152 Feđa Vukić, Ivana Podnar IDENTITETSKA MAPA SUVREMENOG ZAGREBA Feđa Vukić, Ivana Podnar AN IDENTITY MAP OF MODERN ZAGREB UVOD INTRODUCTION Ova studija ima za cilj pokazati razine This study aims to show the levels of komunikacije u javnom prostoru i kroz to pokazati communication in public spaces and through this kvantitetu i kvalitetu identitetske razmjene između illustrate the quantity and quality of identity pojedinca (skupina pojedinaca) i ideje o exchange between the individual (groups of zajednici/gradu. Primarni je smisao studije individuals) and ideas about the community/city. povezati podatke i spoznaje o suvremenom The primary purpose of this study is to connect identitetu grada s onim koji se kritički valorizira data and knowledge on the modern identity of a kao povijesni slojevi identiteta, u svrhu stjecanja city with what are critically considered to be the kompletnije, realističnije slike o identitetskim historical layers of identity. This is to acquire a potencijalima grada Zagreba, koji se izražavaju more complete and realistic picture of the identity upravo u susretu tradicije/povijesti i suvremene potentials of the city of Zagreb. These potentials 152 kulture življenja u gradu koja, između ostalog, are expressed in the contact between A nudi i interpretacijsku perspektivu u tradiciju. tradition/history and the modern culture of living c t a in a city which, among other things, also offers an T u Radna hipoteza za mapiranje identiteta r interpretative perspective on tradition. i s t uspostavljena je na administrativnoj podjeli grada i c a na 17 zona/četvrti. Kolikogod ta podjela u The working hypothesis for the identity-mapping N o v stvarnosti urbanog života mjestimično bila samo is based on the administrative division of the city a , V o formalna ili čak nelogična, shvaćena je kao into 17 districts. No matter how formal or even l 4 dostatno dobar okvir za uspostavljanje mapirane illogical this division might seem in the reality of ( 2 0 1 strukture, a tamo gdje se takva podjela pokazala urban life, it is a reasonably good framework for 0 ) , N kao neodgovarajuća onom što situacija u gradu establishing mapped structures. Where these o . 2 doista jest, studija na to ukazuje. divisions prove to not correspond with the real , p p situation in the city, it is shown by the study. 1 Kako bi se postigla jasnoća identitetskog profila 2 1 - 2 suvremenog Zagreba, obavljeno je istraživanje u In order to achieve clarity in the identity profile of 5 0 kombinaciji desk research metoda i terenskog modern Zagreb, research was carried out by istraživanja. Desk research metodama istraživani su combining desk research methods and field statistički podaci i pokazatelji za grad Zagreb po research. The desk research methods examined pojedinim administrativnim četvrtima, te statistical data and indicators for the city of Zagreb komparativni podaci za grad Zagreb i provjerljivi for individual administrative districts, comparative podaci do kojih se službeno moglo doći za data for the city of Zagreb and verifiable data that gradove u SEE regiji. Uz to istražene su razine can be officially obtained for cities in the region of vizualizacije imena grada, na svim razinama, od South-East Europe. In addition, the layers of službenih do posve neslužbenih i privatnih, a visualisation of the name of the city were researched kriterij je bio da su te vizualizacije javno at all levels, from the official to the completely prezentirane, u fizičkom ili virtualnom prostoru. unofficial and private. The relevant criterion was that these visualisations were presented publicly in Terensko istraživanje obuhvatilo je obilazak svih either a physical or virtual space. 17 gradskih četvrti i dokumentiranje komunikacije u javnom prostoru na sljedećim The field research encompassed all 17 city districts razinama: komuniciranje uprave grada i srodnih and the documenting of communication in public organizacija, komuniciranje osobnih i skupnih spaces at the following levels: communication of individualnih identiteta, stanje komunalne the city authorities and similar institutions, Prijelom ATN 04-02 FINAL_Layout 1 6.11.2010. 10:50 Page 153 Feđa Vukić, Ivana Podnar IDENTITETSKA MAPA SUVREMENOG ZAGREBA Feđa Vukić, Ivana Podnar AN IDENTITY MAP OF MODERN ZAGREB opreme, arhitektonski i prostorni zahvati. Uz to communication of personal and collective individual u ukupno 17 gradskih četvrti obavilo se anketno identities, the state of communal facilities, and istraživanje na uzorku n=850, a na temu architectural and spatial interventions. In addition identiteta grada. to the 17 city districts, surveys were conducted on the city’s identity using a sample of n=850. ZAGREB DANAS – DEMOGRAFIjA, EKONOMIjA, GOSPODARSTVO I KULTURA 1 ZAGREB TODAY – DEMOGRAPHICS, ECONOMY, BUSINESS AND CULTURE 1 Šire područje Zagreba danas broji više od milijun stanovnika, a službene statistike govore da je 2001. More than a million people live in the area of godine zabilježeno 779 145 žitelja, na površini od greater Zagreb. According to official statistics, in 641,36 km², što je 18% ukupnog stanovništva 2001 a total of 779,145 inhabitants were recorded države. Taj broj nije se bitno mijenjao od 80-ih in an area of 641.36 km², which represented 18% 153 godina 20. st., a tako stabilna struktura trebala bi of the total population of the country. This A c t a olakšavati dugotrajno planiranje života u gradu. I number has not changed significantly since the T u r dobna je struktura relativno pozitivna uzme li se u 1980s. Such a stable structure should make the i s t i c obzir progresivan trend starenja stanovništva u long-term planning of life in the city easier. The a N zapadnoj Europi; prema podacima iz 2001. više od demographic structure is relatively positive, given o v a 55% stanovništva spada u radno aktivno, tj. 25-64 the progressive ageing of the population in , V o l godina starosti. Oko 23% stanovništva ima više ili western Europe. According to figures from 2001, 4 ( 2 visoko obrazovanje, što je u usporedbi s ostatkom more than 55% of the population belong to the 0 1 0 ) Hrvatske vrlo visok postotak, koji prati trendove working population, i.e. 25-64 years old. , N o zemalja Europske Unije. Osim toga, Zagreb je i Approximately 23% of the population have . 2 , grad koji predstavlja centar atrakcije, ne samo na completed further or higher education, which p p . 1 nacionalnoj već i na regionalnoj razini, što when compared to the rest of Croatia is a very 2 1 - pokazuju i podaci prema kojima je 2001. high percentage and follows the trends in the 2 5 zabilježeno oko 4 500 stanovnika drugih naselja i countries of the European Union. In addition, 0 država prisutnih duže od 1 godine u Zagrebu, Zagreb acts as a magnet, not only at the national najviše zbog rada i školovanja, ali na žalost, još level but also regionally. This is shown by the fact uvijek i kao posljedica nedavnih ratova (izbjeglice). that in 2001 4,500 inhabitants from other towns Istovremeno, Zagreb ne može izbjeći sudbinu and states had been in Zagreb longer than one čitave zemlje u kojoj velik broj radno sposobne i year. This was mainly for work and education, but često visoko kvalificirane radne snage odlazi na also, unfortunately, as a consequence of the war duži period u inozemstvo – 2001. čak oko 25 000. (refugees). However, at the same time, Zagreb is Od oko 45% aktivnog stanovništva, 83,2% 2001. unable to avoid the destiny of the whole country godine bilo je zaposleno, a u isto vrijeme stopa in which a large number of the working nezaposlenosti u zemljama Europske Unije bila je population, often highly qualified workers, go 8%. Iz navedenog proizlazi da se Zagreb kao abroad for long periods. In 2001, this was as many glavni grad Hrvatske po mnogim pokazateljima as 25,000 people. Of an active population of about približava standardima EU-a, no još uvijek postoje 45%, in 2001 83.2% were in employment.
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