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Geçmişten Günümüze Ingiloylar'in Dini Ve

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Geçmişten Günümüze Ingiloylar'in Dini Ve T.C. NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ FELSEFE VE DİN BİLİMLERİ ANA BİLİM DALI DİNLER TARİHİ BİLİM DALI GEÇMİŞTEN GÜNÜMÜZE İNGİLOYLAR’IN DİNİ VE KÜLTÜREL YAŞANTISI DOKTORA TEZİ ELCHİN ZAMANOV 148102013074 DANIŞMAN: DOÇ. DR. NERMİN ÖZTÜRK KONYA- 2019 T.C. NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ FELSEFE VE DİN BİLİMLERİ ANA BİLİM DALI DİNLER TARİHİ BİLİM DALI GEÇMİŞTEN GÜNÜMÜZE İNGİLOYLAR’IN DİNİ VE KÜLTÜREL YAŞANTISI DOKTORA TEZİ ELCHİN ZAMANOV 148102013074 DANIŞMAN: DOÇ. DR. NERMİN ÖZTÜRK KONYA- 2019 i T.C. NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü DOKTORA TEZİ KABUL FORMU Adı Soyadı Elchin ZAMANOV Numarası 148102013074 A na Bilim / Bilim Dalı FELSEFE VE DİN BİLİMLER/ DİNLER TARİHİ inin Programı Doktora Öğrenc Tez Danışmanı Doç. Dr. Nermin ÖZTÜRK GEÇMİŞTEN GÜNÜMÜZE İNGİLOYLAR’IN Tezin Adı DİNİ VE KÜLTÜREL YAŞANTISI ii iii T.C. NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü Adı Soyadı Elchin ZAMANOV Numarası 148102013074 Ana Bilim / Bilim Dalı FELSEFE VE DİN BİLİMLER/ DİNLER TARİHİ Tezli Yüksek Lisans Programı ✓ Doktora Öğrencinin Tez Danışmanı Doç. Dr. Nermin ÖZTÜRK GEÇMİŞTEN GÜNÜMÜZE İNGİLOYLAR’IN DİNİ Tezin Adı VE KÜLTÜREL YAŞANTISI ÖZET Eski Alban halklarından olan Geller`in günümüzdeki temsilcileri sayılan İngiloylar, Azerbaycan`ın kuzeybatı bölgesinin Qakh (Qax), Balaken ve Zaqatala illerinde yaşamaktadırlar. Eskiden kendilerine has dilleri olan bu halkın dili, XV. yüzyılda Gürcüler tarafından gerçekleştirilen asimilasyon sonucu unutturulmuştur. İngiloylar, günümüzde Gürcü dilinin doğu lehçesi ve Azerbaycan Türkçesi ile konuşmaktadırlar. Balaken ve Zaqatala illerinde yaşayan İngiloylar çoğunlukla İslâm din dinî inancına, Qakh (Qax) ilinde yaşayan İngiloylar ise çoğunlukla Hıristiyan dinî inancına bağlıdırlar. Müslüman İngiloylar, İslâm dininin Şâfiî ve Hanefî mezheblerine, Hıristiyan İngiloylar ise Hıristiyan dininin Ortodoks mezhebine mensupturlar. Ayrıca İngiloylar, Albaniya`da Hıristiyanlık ve İslâm dinî yayılmadan önce putperestlik, ateşperestlik ve doğa ile ilgili inançlara da itikat etmişler. Müslüman İngiloylar, dinî bayramlar olarak Ramazan ve Kurban bayramlarını, Hıristiyan İngiloylar ise Paskalya Bayramı`nı kutlarlar. Ayrıca her iki dine mensup olan İngiloylar`ın kendilerine has olan ve eskiden beri kutladıkları bahar bayramı Qorqot ve Kürmük gibi millî bayramları da vardır. İngiloylar`ın geçmişten günümüze kadar yaşattıkları kendilerine has aile, evlilik ve ölü kültürleri mevcuttur. Anahtar Kelimeler: İngiloy, Qorgot, Kürmük, Qakh (Qax), Balaken, Zaqatala iv T.C. NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü Name and Surname Elchin ZAMANOV Student Number 148102013074 PHILOSOPHY AND RELIGIOUS SCIENCES/ HISTORY OF RELIGIONS Department Master’s Degree (M.A.) Study Programme ✓ Doctoral Degree (Ph.D.) Author’ s Doç. Dr. Nermin ÖZTÜRK Supervisor Title of the RELİGİOUS AND CULTURALFROM PAST TO LİFE PRESENT OF İNGİLOY’S FROM Thesis/Dissertation PAST TO PRESENT ABSTRACT The Ingilois who are considered the present representatives of the Gell’s that is one of ancient Albanians nations are still living in Gakh, Balakan and Zaqatala in the northwestern regions of Azerbaijan. The language of this nation which had their original language earlier was forgotten as a result of their assimilation by Georgian in the 15 th century. The Ingilois speak to Eastern dialect of the Georgian language and Azerbaijan Turkish language currently. The Ingilois who are living in Balakan and Zaqatala regions basicly worship to belief of Islam but The Ingilois who are living in Gakh idiolize to belief of Christianity. The Muslim Ingilois belong to the Shafi and Hanafi paths of Islam. The Christian Ingilois belong to the Orthodox path of Christianity. The Ingilois had also worshiped to Atheism, Idolatrous and Nature-related beliefs before the spread of Christianity and Islam in Albania. The muslim Ingilois celebrate Ramadthan and Gurban holidays as religious ones, however the christian Ingilois celebrate Easter. The Ingilois that idiolize both faiths have also own traditional holidays as Qorqot and Kurmuk which are celebrated from ancient times. The Ingilois have lived with their own family, marriag and funeral cultures from past to present time. Keywords: Ingilois, Qorqot, Kurmuk, Qakh (Qax), Balakan, Zaqatala v İÇİNDEKİLER DOKTORA TEZİ KABUL FORMU ........................................................................ i BİLİM ETİK SAYFASI ............................................................................................ ii ÖZET ......................................................................................................................... iii ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................... iv KISALTMALAR ...................................................................................................... xi GİRİŞ .......................................................................................................................... 1 1. Çalışmanın Konusu .................................................................................................... 1 2. Çalışmanın Amacı ve Önemi ..................................................................................... 1 3. Çalışmada Kullanılan Yöntemler ............................................................................. 2 4. Çalışmanın Sınırları ................................................................................................... 3 5. Çalışmanın Kaynakları .............................................................................................. 3 5.1. Rusça Kaynaklar ....................................................................................................... 3 5.2. İngilizce Kaynaklar ................................................................................................... 5 5.3. Diğer Kaynaklar ........................................................................................................ 6 6. İngiloy Kavramı ile İlgili Görüşler ........................................................................... 6 7. İngiloylar`ın Etnik Kökeni ...................................................................................... 11 8. İngiloylar`ın Tarihî Kökeni ..................................................................................... 16 9. İngiloylar`ın Konuştuğu Diller ................................................................................ 21 9.1. İngiloylar`ın Eskiden Konuştuğu Diller ............................................................. 22 9.2. İngiloylar`ın Günümüzde Konuştuğu Diller ...................................................... 29 10. İngiloylar`ın Yaşadıkları Coğrafya ........................................................................ 32 10.1. İngiloylar`ın Eskiden Yaşadıkları Coğrafya ....................................................... 32 10.2. İngiloylar`ın Günümüzde Yaşadıkları Coğrafya ................................................ 42 BİRİNCİ BÖLÜM ................................................................................................... 47 İNGİLOYLAR`IN ESKİ İNANÇLARI VE HALK İNANIŞLARI .................... 47 1. İngiloylar`da Putperestlik İnancı ............................................................................ 48 2. İngiloylar`da Ateşperestlik İnancı .......................................................................... 49 3. İngiloylar`da Doğa Güçleri ile İlgili İnançlar ........................................................ 51 4. İngiloylar`da Mevcut Halk İnanışları .................................................................... 52 4.1. Ateşle İlgili İnanışlar .......................................................................................... 53 4.2. Ağaçla İlgili İnanışlar ......................................................................................... 54 vi 4.3. Taşla İlgili İnanışlar ........................................................................................... 55 4.4. Kutsal Mekanlarla İlgili İnanışlar ...................................................................... 55 4.5. Yiyeceklerle İlgili İnanışlar ................................................................................ 56 4.6. Günlük İşler ile İlgili İnanışlar ........................................................................... 58 4.7. Mitolojik İnanışlar .............................................................................................. 58 İKİNCİ BÖLÜM ...................................................................................................... 60 İNGİLOYLAR`DA HIRİSTİYANLIK VE İSLÂM ............................................. 60 1. İngiloylar`da Hıristiyanlık İnancı ........................................................................... 60 1.1. Albaniya`da Hıristiyanlığ`ın Yayılması ............................................................. 60 1.2. Alban Kilisesi ..................................................................................................... 63 1.3. İngiloylar`ın Hıristiyanlık İnancı ile Tanışması ................................................. 65 1.4. Çarlık Rusyası Tarafından İngiloylar`ın Hıristiyanlaştırılması .......................... 67 1.5. İngiloylar`ın Hıristiyanlaştırılma Yöntemleri .................................................... 77 1.6. Zoraki Hıristiyanlaştırmaya Karşı Halkın Tepkisi ............................................. 88 1.7. Günümüzdeki İngiloylar`da Hıristiyanlık
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