DOCSLIB.ORG

Il Caucaso Transizione Politica Ed Economica

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Il Caucaso Transizione Politica Ed Economica UNIVERSITA’ DEGLI STUDI DI CAGLIARI IL CAUCASO TRANSIZIONE POLITICA ED ECONOMICA UNA ANALISI TRANSFRONTALIERA Michele Brunelli DOTTORATO IN STORIA, ISTITUZIONI E RELAZIONI INTERNAZIONALI DELL’AFRICA E DELL’ASIA MODERNA E CONTEMPORANEA XX CICLO Tutor: Ch.mo Prof. Emilio Bottazzi SPS/14 – Storia ed Istituzioni dell’Asia INDICE INTRODUZIONE ..........................................................................................................................1 1. PREMESSA METODOLOGICA ....................................................................................................2 1.1 Metodologia di analisi della transizione politica ............................................................2 1.2 Metodologia di analisi della transizione economica....................................................15 1.3 Il problema delle fonti.....................................................................................................15 2. L’IDENTIFICAZIONE DELL’AREA GEOGRAFICA D’INDAGINE ...........................................16 3. IL FENOMENO DELLA TRANSIZIONE NELLE SUA DUPLICE COMPONENTE ECONOMICA E POLITICA..................................................................................................................................................19 4. LA DIMENSIONE STORICA.......................................................................................................20 Il retaggio sovietico in Transcaucasia ..................................................................................23 1. LA TRANSIZIONE POLITICA ............................................................................................29 La via verso il golpe. La strada verso la dissoluzione........................................................32 1.1 IL COLLASSO DELL’UNIONE SOVIETICA E LE RIPERCUSSIONI SULLE PERIFERIE DELL’IMPERO..........................................................................................................................................36 Nuove indipendenze, vecchie rivoluzioni ...............................................................................38 Il caso georgiano.....................................................................................................................38 Le elezioni del 1990................................................................................................................42 La Rivoluzione delle Rose.....................................................................................................48 L’Armenia................................................................................................................................51 L’Azerbaijan ............................................................................................................................59 1.2 IL RISVEGLIO DELL’ETHNOS ................................................................................................66 Le etnie nella Transcaucasia..................................................................................................72 I gruppi etnici in Georgia..................................................................................................74 I gruppi etnici in Armenia.................................................................................................76 I gruppi etnici in Azerbaijan.............................................................................................78 1.3 LA TORTUOSA VIA VERSO LA DEMOCRATIZZAZIONE: DEMOCRAZIE COMPIUTE O “FAILED STATES”?..................................................................................................................................80 1.1 Grado di controllo del proprio territorio da parte dello Stato. L’integrità territoriale81 L’integrità territoriale georgiana.......................................................................................81 L’integrità territoriale armena ed azera ...........................................................................86 1.2 Controllo sui propri confini e controllo del territorio.....................................................87 Il controllo sui propri confini: Georgia ..........................................................................87 Il controllo sui propri confini: Armenia .........................................................................88 i Il controllo sui propri confini: Azerbaijan......................................................................89 1.3 I conflitti violenti ..................................................................................................................89 I conflitti violenti in Georgia............................................................................................90 L’Ossezia del Sud ...................................................................................................................90 Il conflitto nel “paese dell’Anima”.......................................................................................93 I conflitti violenti in Armenia ed in Azerbaijan.............................................................99 Il Nagorno-Karabakh: una regione per due Stati.............................................................100 1.4 Privatizzazione della violenza e 1.5 Stato e struttura della sicurezza nazionale.........106 La privatizzazione della violenza in Georgia................................................................109 La struttura della sicurezza nazionale in Georgia........................................................112 La privatizzazione della violenza in Armenia ..............................................................116 La struttura della sicurezza nazionale in Armenia.......................................................117 La privatizzazione della violenza in Azerbaijan...........................................................120 La struttura della sicurezza nazionale in Azerbaijan ...................................................121 1.6 Tassi di criminalità..............................................................................................................125 L’andamento della criminalità in Georgia ....................................................................126 L’andamento della criminalità in Armenia ...................................................................131 L’andamento della criminalità in Azerbaijan................................................................132 1.7 Abuso di potere da parte dello Stato ...............................................................................137 L’abuso di potere da parte dello Stato georgiano........................................................137 Tutela dei gruppi religiosi minoritari .................................................................................138 L’abuso di potere da parte dello Stato armeno............................................................139 Tutela dei gruppi religiosi minoritari .................................................................................140 L’abuso di potere da parte dello Stato azero................................................................140 1.8 Livello dell’influenza esterna.............................................................................................141 Il livello dell’influenza esterna in Georgia....................................................................142 Il livello dell’influenza esterna in Armenia...................................................................151 Il livello dell’influenza esterna in Azerbaijan ...............................................................153 Le pressioni russe sul Caucaso dai territori della Federazione ..................................154 Legittimità e funzione della supremazia della Legge dello Stato........................................156 2.1 Ampiezza del fenomeno della corruzione e del clientelismo.......................................157 Corruzione e clientelismo in Georgia ...........................................................................159 Corruzione e clientelismo in Armenia ..........................................................................162 Corruzione e clientelismo in Azerbaijan.......................................................................163 ii 2.2 Il processo elettorale e la dimensione dei brogli elettorali............................................166 Il processo elettorale in Georgia....................................................................................166 Il processo elettorale in Armenia...................................................................................170 Il processo elettorale in Azerbaijan ...............................................................................172 2.3 Sostegno al regime..............................................................................................................175 Il sostegno al regime in Georgia....................................................................................175 Il sostegno al regime in Armenia...................................................................................177 Il sostegno al regime in Azerbaijan ...............................................................................179 2.4 La garanzia dei diritti civili e dei diritti umani ................................................................180 La garanzia dei diritti civili e dei diritti umani in Georgia..........................................180 La garanzia dei diritti civili e dei diritti umani in Armenia.........................................181 La garanzia dei diritti
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The History of Azerbaijan: Deconstructing the “Age-Old Friendship” and the “Deadly Feud” Myths 20
    THE SOUTH CAUCASUS AND TURKEY: HISTORY LESSONS OF THE 20TH CENTURY 2012 The South Caucasus and Turkey: History Lessons of the 20th Century Publisher: Heinrich Böll Foundation South Caucasus Regional Office Editor in Chief: Sergey Rumyantsev © Heinrich Böll Foundation South Caucasus Regional Office, 2012a 38, Zovreti st., Tbilisi 0160, Georgia T +995 32 238 04 67/68, +995 32 291 37 39 | F +995 32 291 28 97 E [email protected] | W www.ge.boell.org | F www.facebook.com/hbf.caucasus ISBN 978-9941-0-4390-1 CONTENTS Nino Lejava, Khatuna Samnidze From the Publisher 7 Sergey Rumyantsev Introduction. “History Lessons” in the Year of “Anniversary” 9 PART 1. BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY: “RECENT” PAST 19 Ilham Abbasov The History of Azerbaijan: Deconstructing the “Age-Old Friendship” and the “Deadly Feud” Myths 20 Satenik Mkrtchyan The Republic of Armenia’s Neighbours in the Late 19th and Early 20th Centuries in Contemporary World History Textbooks 47 Nino Chikovani The Images of Self and Neighbours in Georgian History Textbooks: Representation of the Events of the Beginning of the 20th Century in the Post-Soviet Period 65 Çakır Ceyhan Suvari Religious Identity and the Construction of Otherness: The Perception of Armenian Identity in The Turkish Educational System 94 PART 2. THE END OF THE 20TH CENTURY: SEARCHING FOR NEW INTERPRETATIONS 119 Sevil Huseynova Azerbaijan in the Late 20th – Early 21st Centuries: Ethnic Boundaries in the Context of Relations with “Neighbours” 120 Mikayel Zolyan Writing the History of the Present: The Post-Soviet Period
    [Show full text]
  • The V. Sarajishvili Tbilisi State Conservatoire International
    The Tbilisi. June, 2014 #16 V. Sarajishvili Tbilisi State The News Ethnomusicological life in Georgia Conservatoire Renowed Foreign Ethnomusicologists Simha Arom International Renowed Georgian Ethnomusicologists Shalva Mshvelidze Research In Memory of Kukuri Chokhonelidze Foreign musical folklore Center for Trallalero – Genoan polyphony One Georgian Folk Ensemble Traditional “Sakhioba” Beneficents of Georgian Song Polyphony The Kavsadzes One foreign folk ensemble B U L L E T I N Chu -Yin Culture and Arts Troupe The Centres of Georgian Science and Culture State Silk Museum Foreign Performers of Georgian Folk Song Trio” Kavkasia” from America “Anchiskhati Church Choir” in Poland Ancient Georgian Folk Instruments Santuri About One Genre Naduri songs History of One Song “Chochkhatura” 1 The News 28-30.05.2014 – Woman’s folk ensemble “Nanina” real- Georgia’s Ethnomuiscological Life ized the project “Creative Days in Achara” and as part of the project held a solo concert at Batumi State Art (January-June, 2014) Teaching University, a work-shop for the music teachers of secondary and public schools, and a meeting with Festivals and Conferences women’s folk ensemble “Iagundi” from Keda district 26.04.2014 – Tbilisi State Conservatoire hosted the 5th Dissertations International Conference-Contest of Musicology Stu- dents, which was closed by the solo concert of ensemble 03.05.2014 – Teona Rukhadze defended Doctoral disser- “Didgori” th tation “Georgian Wedding Music – Issues of Genre and 1-2.05.2014 – The 5 International Scientific Confer- Style” at Tbilisi State Conservatoire ence (Arts, Practice and Management) of Magistracy 20.06.2014 – Otar Kapanadze defended Doctoral disser- and Doctoral Students was held at Ilia State University.
    [Show full text]
  • 3 Historical and Political Geography
    World Regional Geography Book Series Series Editor E.F.J. de Mulder Haarlem, The Netherlands What does Finland mean to a Fin, Sichuan to a Shichuanian, and California to a Californian? How are physical and human geographical factors reflected in their present-day inhabitants? And how are these factors interrelated? How does history, culture, socio-economy, language and demography impact and characterize and identify an average person in such regions today? How does that determine her or his well-being, behaviour, ambitions and perspectives for the future? These are the type of questions that are central to The World Regional Geography Book Series, where physically and socially coherent regions are being characterized by their roots and future perspectives described through a wide variety of scientific disciplines. The Book Series presents a dynamic overall and in-depth picture of specific regions and their people. In times of globalization renewed interest emerges for the region as an entity, its people, its land- scapes and their roots. Books in this Series will also provide insight in how people from dif- ferent regions in the world will anticipate on and adapt to global challenges as climate change and to supra-regional mitigation measures. This, in turn, will contribute to the ambitions of the International Year of Global Understanding to link the local with the global, to be proclaimed by the United Nations as a UN-Year for 2016, as initiated by the International Geographical Union. Submissions to the Book Series are also invited on the theme ‘The Geography of…’, with a relevant subtitle of the authors/editors choice.
    [Show full text]
  • Crisis of Secularism and Loyalty Towards the Dominant Group
    Human Rights Education and Monitoring Center (EMC) Crisis of Secularism and Loyalty towards the Dominant Group The Role of the Government in the 2012-2013 Religious Conflicts in Georgia Tbilisi 2013 1 The project is implemented in the framework of The East-West Management Institute’s (EWMI) Policy, Advocacy, and Civil Society Development in Georgia (G-PAC) Program, funded by United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The project is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the USAID. The content is the responsibility of Human Rights Education and Monitoring Center (EMC) and does not necessarily reflect the view of USAID, the United States Government, or EWMI. Author: Tamta Mikeladze Research team: Lina Ghvinianidze Dato Laghidze Giorgi Noniashvili Maia Barkaia Nino Guruli Editor: Sarah Delys Translators: Mariam Uberi Tatuli Chubabria The study was prepared and published by the Human Rights Education and Monitoring Center Tel.: (995 32) 223 15 58 E-mail: [email protected] Facebook: facebook.com/rightsemc 3 Shanidze st., Tbilisi 0179, Georgia Print run: 500 copies It is prohibited to reprint, copy or distribute the study for commercial purposes without written consent of the EMC 2 Contents Introduction................................................................................................................... 6 1. Research objective and methodology ......................................................................... 7 1.1 Research objective ................................................................ 7 1.2 Research methodology............................................................8 1.2.1 Instruments for collecting empirical data.............................8 1.2.2. Description of the study performed in Nigvziani, Tsintskaro and Samtskaro ......8 1.2.3. Instruments used for the processing the empirical data theoretically................9 2. Review of the religious conflict in Nigvziani Village.........................................................10 2.1.
    [Show full text]
  • Causes of War Prospects for Peace
    Georgian Orthodox Church Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung CAUSES OF WAR PROS P E C TS FOR PEA C E Tbilisi, 2009 1 On December 2-3, 2008 the Holy Synod of the Georgian Orthodox Church and the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung held a scientific conference on the theme: Causes of War - Prospects for Peace. The main purpose of the conference was to show the essence of the existing conflicts in Georgia and to prepare objective scientific and information basis. This book is a collection of conference reports and discussion materials that on the request of the editorial board has been presented in article format. Publishers: Metropolitan Ananya Japaridze Katia Christina Plate Bidzina Lebanidze Nato Asatiani Editorial board: Archimandrite Adam (Akhaladze), Tamaz Beradze, Rozeta Gujejiani, Roland Topchishvili, Mariam Lordkipanidze, Lela Margiani, Tariel Putkaradze, Bezhan Khorava Reviewers: Zurab Tvalchrelidze Revaz Sherozia Giorgi Cheishvili Otar Janelidze Editorial board wishes to acknowledge the assistance of Irina Bibileishvili, Merab Gvazava, Nia Gogokhia, Ekaterine Dadiani, Zviad Kvilitaia, Giorgi Cheishvili, Kakhaber Tsulaia. ISBN 2345632456 Printed by CGS ltd 2 Preface by His Holiness and Beatitude Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia ILIA II; Opening Words to the Conference 5 Preface by Katja Christina Plate, Head of the Regional Office for Political Dialogue in the South Caucasus of the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung; Opening Words to the Conference 8 Abkhazia: Historical-Political and Ethnic Processes Tamaz Beradze, Konstantine Topuria, Bezhan Khorava - A
    [Show full text]
  • Language Policy and National Identity in Georgia
    Language Policy and National Identity in Georgia A thesis submitted for the degree of PhD to Queen Mary University of London 2011 Rusudan Amirejibi-Mullen Linguistics Abstract Language has been long recognised as a powerful marker of national identity, as has its role in transforming multi-ethnic societies into unified nations. Such is the case of multi-ethnic and multilingual Georgia, where language has today become a crucial factor in interethnic relations and in the Georgian nation-building process. This thesis sheds light on the nature of kartveloba (Georgianness) by examining Georgian language policy over the entire history of the nation. Despite the country’s long-standing civilisation and its established culture, Georgian statehood began to decline from the second half of the thirteenth century, until the country was eventually incorporated into the Russian empire at the beginning of the nineteenth century. Since then, there have been several attempts to instigate a ‘national revival’: 1) the cultural/linguistic movement of the nineteenth century, 2) the struggle to build a nation-state in 1918-1921, 3) the national liberation movement during the Soviet period (1921-1991), and 4) nation- state building in the post-Soviet period. All of these periods display common features with regard to language policy. 2 After investigating language policy and identity developments in the pre- modern period, this thesis examines Georgia under Russian rule (both Tsarist and Soviet), which made the country vulnerable to ethnic conflicts, and tries to explain the violent outcomes. The thesis goes on to examine public debate of language and minority issues, as well as efforts to elaborate inclusive language and ethnic policies in contemporary Georgia.
    [Show full text]
  • Visual Anthropology and Folklore of the Peripheries Part Three Provinces of Georgia in the Ethnographic Sketches of Nino Brailashvili, 1930-1980S
    Visual Anthropology and Folklore of the Peripheries Part Three Provinces of Georgia in the Ethnographic Sketches of Nino Brailashvili, 1930-1980s By Shorena Kurtsikidze & Vakhtang Chikovani Source of Illustrations: “Georgia As I Saw It, Ethnographic Sketches,” by Nino Brailashvili, Khelovneba Publishers, Tbilisi, 1990 © 2005 Types of Dwelling Structures of the Different Provinces of Georgia Mestia, Upper Svaneti Cholashi Village in Svaneti, 1946 House and Tower in the Ienashi Village, Svaneti, 1944 House of Kosta Pirveli in the Iphari Village, Svaneti, 1944 Women from Racha, Ghebi Village, 1949 Akhieli Village, Arkhoti Community, Khevsureti, 1947 Section of a house in Khevsureti Khevsur Woman with a churn Furniture and Household Utensils Different Types of “Mother-Columns” Sacred Flag-Cross, Iori Gorge Kakheti, 1939-40 Self-appointed Chief-priest and a Sacred Flag-bearer, Iori Gorge, Kakheti, 1939-40 Stand for the Votive Phials, Akhieli Village, Arkhoti Community, Khevsureti, 1947 Possessed Woman in the Khatkhevi Village, Iori Gorge, 1939-40 Small Silver Icons Alehouse of Copala’s Shrine, (interior, section, plan and a bowl for brewing beer) Devtnasoplari, Kushkhevi Village, Iori Gorge, Kakheti, 1939-40 House in the Gremiskhevi Village, Kartli, 1947 Interior of the House with a “Mother-Column,” Shida Kartli, 1947 Western Georgian House “Oda,” 1949 Farming Types of Ploughs in Georgia Means of Transportation and Communication Bullock Cart – “Uremi” Georgians, Ethnic Groups and Their Costumes, Georgian Highlanders: Tush, Khevsurs, Svans
    [Show full text]
  • English Languages, Tb., 2017
    THE PROJECT IS IMPLEMENTED BY THE GEORGIAN FOUNDATION FOR STRATEGIC AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES. The Expansion of Russia in the Caucasus and Georgia project offers the reader collection s Editor-in-chief: Giorgi Cheishvili of scientific-popular articles which Editor-corrector: Tinatin Evdoshvili aims to cover the Project author: Irakli Gegechkori Georgian-Russian relations of the Designer: Tornike Bokuchava XVIII-XX centuries in a manner different from the widely propagated perspective of the official Russia. © Georgian Foundation for Strategic and International Studies All rights reserved Ecclesiastical Relations XIX century RUSSIA’S EXPANSION IN THE CAUCASUS AND GEORGIA Between Georgia and the beginning and Russia of XX century Eldar Bubulashvili Ecclesiastical Relations Between Georgia and Russia during the XIX-XX Centuries GEORGIAN CHURCH DURING EXARCHS Russia-Georgian ecclesiastical relations have evolved in the course of political relations between the two countries. They were fragmented for several centuries and became more intense in the XVII-XVIII centuries. Since the second half of the XVIII century when Russia’s southern border reached the Caucasus ridge, Russia’s political and ecclesiastical interests in Georgia have grown. This interest is well reflected in the agreements concluded between Russia and Georgia during this period. lthough the treaty between Kartl-Kakheti and Russia in 1783 did not address the issue of the autocephaly of the Georgian Church, Article 8 of the treaty severely restricted its rights. The A Archbishop of the centuries-old Autocephalous Church of Georgia was to occupy the eighth place in the Russian Holy Synod after the Peter I, Bishop of the Tobolsk Eparchy. When signing the treaty, the King of Russia Georgian ambassadors (Garsevan Chavchavadze and Ioane (1682-1721) Mukhranbatoni) protested this article since the Georgian and Emperor (1721-1725) Archbishop was to be ranked fifth among the first-tier Russian bishops according to the previously agreed draft version of the agreement.
    [Show full text]
  • Vitis Vinifera) Genetic Resources from Caucasus Using an Integrative Approach
    University of Milan Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Production, Landscape, Agroenergy PhD Course of: Agriculture, Environment and Bioenergy (XXIX cycle) Insight into grapevine (Vitis vinifera) genetic resources from Caucasus using an integrative approach Thesis supervisor Dr. Osvaldo Failla Università degli studi di Milano Thesis co-supervisor Dr. Maria Stella Grando Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige Ph.D student Maria Lucia Prazzoli Matr. n° R10455 Contents CONTENTS Riassunto ii-iii Abstract iv-v Abbreviations vi-viii Chapter 1 General introduction 1-11 Chapter 2 Phylogenetic reconstruction of Caucasian germplasm 12-36 Chapter 3 Genetic mapping and QTL analysis in Mgaloblishvili Noir 37-63 Chapter 4 Gene expression assays 64-91 Chapter 5 General discussion 92-93 Appendix 94-96 References 97-105 Acknowledgements 106 i Riassunto RIASSUNTO La vite europea, Vitis vinifera L., è una delle colture arboree più importanti al mondo sia per il valore economico che per la superficie coltivata. Negli ultimi anni una maggiore sensibilità alle problematiche ambientali insieme alle opportunità di mercato hanno stimolato l’avvio di nuovi programmi di miglioramento genetico per ottenere cultivar resistenti alle malattie, in particolare peronospora e oidio. Questo ha comportato anche una maggiore attenzione verso la conservazione della risorse genetiche come fonti di caratteri utili. Allo stato attuale, i metodi tradizionali di miglioramento genetico, che includono l’utilizzo di altre specie di Vitis per la produzione di varietà ibride resistenti, possono essere complementati dalle nuove tecnologie quali la selezione assistita da marcatori molecolari (MAS) e la possibilità di identificare geni di interesse agronomico tramite analisi di popolazioni sperimentali (QTL mapping) o naturali (GWAS , association mapping).
    [Show full text]
  • KITAGAWA Seiichi
    CAUCASUS: THE ROLE OF ISLAM TTHE NN ATIONALIZATIONOFTHE II SLAMIC OORGANIZATION IN THE SS OUTH CC AUCASUS:: TTHE RROLE OF IISLAM IN MMAKING AAZERBAIJAN’’’ S NN ATIONAL II DENTITY KITAGAWA Seiichi FOREWORD Although Azerbaijan is a secular republic with a constitu- tion that guarantees its citizens freedom of faith,1 the impor- tance of Islam as a socio-political factor has increased since in- dependence in 1992. In recent years, many demolished mosques and sacred places have been reopened, new mosques have been constructed, the youth want to study about Islam abroad, and foreign Islamic missionaries have become more active. A local journalist describes the revival of Islam as follows. “After the acquisition of national independence, almost all of the citizens want to keep some of the religious customs; from visits to the shrines of the most esteemed Imams, and swearing in by the Qur’an during inauguration, to the attendance of the believers among parliament members at religious ceremonies.”2 Every post-Soviet Muslim republic, sovereign as well as autonomous, had delicate problems with Islam even before the September 11 attack. The only difference between Azerbaijan and the other republics is that the majority of Azerbaijanis are Shi‘a Muslims, while the population of the other republics is comprised mainly of Sunna Muslims. In this paper, I will try to make a short sketch of the role of Shi‘a Islam in the state-building of the Republic of Azerbaijan and its place in the national historiography of this state. 1 W. Butler, ed. and trans., Constitutional Foundations of the CIS Coun- tries (The Hague, 1999), pp.
    [Show full text]
  • Geçmişten Günümüze Ingiloylar'in Dini Ve
    T.C. NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ FELSEFE VE DİN BİLİMLERİ ANA BİLİM DALI DİNLER TARİHİ BİLİM DALI GEÇMİŞTEN GÜNÜMÜZE İNGİLOYLAR’IN DİNİ VE KÜLTÜREL YAŞANTISI DOKTORA TEZİ ELCHİN ZAMANOV 148102013074 DANIŞMAN: DOÇ. DR. NERMİN ÖZTÜRK KONYA- 2019 T.C. NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ FELSEFE VE DİN BİLİMLERİ ANA BİLİM DALI DİNLER TARİHİ BİLİM DALI GEÇMİŞTEN GÜNÜMÜZE İNGİLOYLAR’IN DİNİ VE KÜLTÜREL YAŞANTISI DOKTORA TEZİ ELCHİN ZAMANOV 148102013074 DANIŞMAN: DOÇ. DR. NERMİN ÖZTÜRK KONYA- 2019 i T.C. NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü DOKTORA TEZİ KABUL FORMU Adı Soyadı Elchin ZAMANOV Numarası 148102013074 A na Bilim / Bilim Dalı FELSEFE VE DİN BİLİMLER/ DİNLER TARİHİ inin Programı Doktora Öğrenc Tez Danışmanı Doç. Dr. Nermin ÖZTÜRK GEÇMİŞTEN GÜNÜMÜZE İNGİLOYLAR’IN Tezin Adı DİNİ VE KÜLTÜREL YAŞANTISI ii iii T.C. NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü Adı Soyadı Elchin ZAMANOV Numarası 148102013074 Ana Bilim / Bilim Dalı FELSEFE VE DİN BİLİMLER/ DİNLER TARİHİ Tezli Yüksek Lisans Programı ✓ Doktora Öğrencinin Tez Danışmanı Doç. Dr. Nermin ÖZTÜRK GEÇMİŞTEN GÜNÜMÜZE İNGİLOYLAR’IN DİNİ Tezin Adı VE KÜLTÜREL YAŞANTISI ÖZET Eski Alban halklarından olan Geller`in günümüzdeki temsilcileri sayılan İngiloylar, Azerbaycan`ın kuzeybatı bölgesinin Qakh (Qax), Balaken ve Zaqatala illerinde yaşamaktadırlar. Eskiden kendilerine has dilleri olan bu halkın dili, XV. yüzyılda Gürcüler tarafından gerçekleştirilen asimilasyon sonucu unutturulmuştur. İngiloylar, günümüzde Gürcü dilinin doğu lehçesi ve Azerbaycan Türkçesi ile konuşmaktadırlar. Balaken ve Zaqatala illerinde yaşayan İngiloylar çoğunlukla İslâm din dinî inancına, Qakh (Qax) ilinde yaşayan İngiloylar ise çoğunlukla Hıristiyan dinî inancına bağlıdırlar. Müslüman İngiloylar, İslâm dininin Şâfiî ve Hanefî mezheblerine, Hıristiyan İngiloylar ise Hıristiyan dininin Ortodoks mezhebine mensupturlar.
    [Show full text]
  • Soviet Religious Policy and the Georgian Orthodox Apostolic Church: from Khrushchev to Gorbachev*
    Soviet Religious Policy and the Georgian Orthodox Apostolic Church: From Khrushchev to Gorbachev* S. F. lONES Gorbachev's emphasis on 'the human factor', 'universal human values' and the 'law-governed state' has led to a breakdown of the Marxist-Leninist certainties which have dominated public life in the Soviet Union since the 1930s. This 'de-ideologisation' of Soviet life, although far from complete, has had major repercussions for the churches. It has led to an open reassessment of the ethical and spiritual values offered by, in particular, the Christian religion. Secondly, many of the bureaucratic and legal obstacles to the activity of the churches are, with some notable exceptions, 1 being eased. This is reflected by the growth in the registration of congregations (1,610 in 1988), the annulment of unpublished and discriminatory legislation introduced by the Council for Religious Affairs (CRA) or its predecessors,2 the involvement of churches in charitable activity, the establishment of Sunday schools (still technically illegal), and the return to the church of churches and monasteries. Thirdly, almost all former religious dissidents have been released from prison or labour camp and have' re-entered church life. Fourthly, the present improvements in religious freedom are being supplemented by legal reform. A new draft USSR Law on Freedom of Conscience, which should significantly improve the rights of believers, is presently under itliscussion. 3 *Some sections of this article are based on materials used by the author in previous writings on the Georgian Church. I For example, the Ukrainian Orthodox and Greek Catholic churches,. banned under Lenin and Stalin respectively, are still officially proscribed, despite dialogue between the Vatican and the Russian Orthodox Church since June 1988 and numerous petitions, hunger strikes and open protests by members of these Ukrainian churches.
    [Show full text]