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Plan Regulador Intercomunal De Talca

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Plan Regulador Intercomunal De Talca PLAN REGULADOR INTERCOMUNAL DE TALCA SEREMI MINVU REGIÓN DEL MAULE INFORME DE RIESGOS Edición 1 Septiembre 2019 Desiderio Alejandro Velis Cabello Geógrafo Especialista en riesgos Informe de Riesgos Fuente Imágenes portada: Registro URBE 2018 ESTUDIO PLAN REGULADOR INTERCOMUNAL DE TALCA, SEREMI MINVU REGIÓN DEL MAULE 2 Informe de Riesgos ÍNDICE 1 ESTUDIO DE RIESGOS NATURALES Y PROTECIÓN AMBIENTAL .................... 7 1.1 Introducción ..................................................................................................................... 7 1.2 Objetivos del estudio ....................................................................................................... 7 1.3 Área de estudio ............................................................................................................... 8 1.4 Alcances y limitaciones ................................................................................................... 8 1.5 Marco jurídico .................................................................................................................. 9 2 Línea de base medio físico y natural .................................................................. 12 2.1 Clima ............................................................................................................................. 12 2.2 Hidrografía ..................................................................................................................... 17 2.3 Hidrogeología ................................................................................................................ 20 2.4 Geología ........................................................................................................................ 24 2.5 Geomorfología ............................................................................................................... 28 2.6 Volcanismo .................................................................................................................... 30 2.7 Sismos ........................................................................................................................... 40 2.8 Relaves mineros ............................................................................................................ 46 2.9 Vegetación y usos de suelo .......................................................................................... 48 2.10 Clases de capacidad de uso de suelo ........................................................................... 49 2.11 Áreas Protegidas ........................................................................................................... 54 3 Antecedentes teóricos y visItas a terreno .......................................................... 62 3.1 Remociones en masa .................................................................................................... 62 3.2 Inundaciones y anegamiento ........................................................................................ 68 3.3 Incendios ....................................................................................................................... 69 3.4 Volcanismo .................................................................................................................... 70 3.5 Relaves .......................................................................................................................... 72 3.6 Visitas a terreno. ............................................................................................................ 73 4 Metodología ........................................................................................................... 76 4.1 Inundación y desbordes ................................................................................................ 77 4.2 Remoción en masa ........................................................................................................ 79 4.3 Incendios ....................................................................................................................... 90 4.4 Volcanismo .................................................................................................................... 93 4.5 Relaves .......................................................................................................................... 94 5 Áreas de riesgo ..................................................................................................... 95 5.1 Remoción en masa ........................................................................................................ 96 5.2 Riego volcánico ............................................................................................................. 98 ESTUDIO PLAN REGULADOR INTERCOMUNAL DE TALCA, SEREMI MINVU REGIÓN DEL MAULE 3 Informe de Riesgos 5.3 Inundaciones por desborde de cauces y anegamientos ............................................... 99 5.4 Áreas de riesgos por incendios ................................................................................... 103 5.5 Áreas de riesgos por tranques de relaves .................................................................. 105 6 Conclusiones ....................................................................................................... 108 7 Anexos ................................................................................................................. 111 7.1 Análisis de antecedentes históricos ............................................................................ 118 8 Referencias .......................................................................................................... 119 ESTUDIO PLAN REGULADOR INTERCOMUNAL DE TALCA, SEREMI MINVU REGIÓN DEL MAULE 4 Informe de Riesgos ÍNDICE DE FIGURAS Figura 1 Área de estudio .................................................................................................................... 8 Figura 2 Cuenca del Río Maule ........................................................................................................ 19 Figura 3 Mapa Hidrogeológico de la cuenca del río Maule .............................................................. 23 Figura 4 Mapa Geológico del área de estudio ................................................................................. 28 Figura 5 Principales Rasgos Geomorfológicos del área de Estudio ................................................ 29 Figura 6 Carta de pendientes en grados área de Estudio ............................................................... 30 Figura 7 Nivel de alerta Complejo volcánico Laguna del Maule ...................................................... 32 Figura 8 Nivel de alerta Volcán Descabezado Grande .................................................................... 33 Figura 9 Nivel de alerta Complejo Volcánico Cerro Azul – Quizapú ................................................ 34 Figura 10 Nivel de alerta Complejo Volcánico Tatara – San Pedro. ................................................ 34 Figura 11 Mapa de Peligros Volcánicos del Complejo Laguna del Maule ....................................... 36 Figura 12 Mapa de Peligros Volcánicos del Volcán Cerro Azul – Quizapú ..................................... 37 Figura 13 Ampliación Mapa de Riesgo Regional Peligro Volcánico y Tsunami, Región del Maule 39 Figura 14 Sismicidad histórica entre 1900 y 2010 ........................................................................... 40 Figura 15 Fuentes y sismogénicas en un modelo de subducción corteza oceánica (Placa de Nazca) – corteza continental (Placa Sudamericana) ................................................................ 41 Figura 16 Relación general entre el material del sustrato y la amplificación de la vibración durante un terremoto .............................................................................................................................. 43 Figura 17 Depósitos de relave área de estudio ............................................................................... 46 Figura 18 Área de colapso tranque de relaves Las Palmas ............................................................ 47 Figura 19 Catastro de vegetación y usos de suelo .......................................................................... 49 Figura 20 Clases de capacidad de uso de suelo ............................................................................. 53 Figura 21 Reserva Nacional Altos de Lircay .................................................................................... 55 Figura 22 Santuario de la Naturaleza El Morrillo ............................................................................. 56 Figura 23 Bienes Nacionales Protegidos comuna de San Clemente .............................................. 57 Figura 24 Alstroemerias de San Rafael ........................................................................................... 59 Figura 25 Bosques del Colorado y Bramadero ................................................................................ 60 Figura 26 Cerros de Cumpeo ........................................................................................................... 60 Figura 27 Pichamán ......................................................................................................................... 61 Figura 28 Matorral Esclerófilo de Vaquería ...................................................................................... 61 Figura 29 Remociones en Masa de tipo Caídas de Rocas .............................................................
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