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Catalogue of Satellite Photography of the Active Volcanoes of the World

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Catalogue of Satellite Photography of the Active Volcanoes of the World General Disclaimer One or more of the Following Statements may affect this Document This document has been reproduced from the best copy furnished by the organizational source. It is being released in the interest of making available as much information as possible. This document may contain data, which exceeds the sheet parameters. It was furnished in this condition by the organizational source and is the best copy available. This document may contain tone-on-tone or color graphs, charts and/or pictures, which have been reproduced in black and white. This document is paginated as submitted by the original source. Portions of this document are not fully legible due to the historical nature of some of the material. However, it is the best reproduction available from the original submission. Produced by the NASA Center for Aerospace Information (CASI) LA-6279-1 Informal Report UC-11 Reporting Date: March 1976 Issued: March 1976 63AS 1H Catalogue of Satellite Photography of the Active Volcanoes of the World by Grant Heiken IO5\MAlofIamoS scientific laboratory of the University of California LOS ALAMOS, NEW MEXICO 87545 An Affirmative Action/Equal Opportunity Employer UNITED STATES ENERGY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ADMINISTRATION CONTRACT W7185 •ENO. DS DISTRIBUTION OF THI S DOCUMENT IS UNLIMITED RW^]CavSt.Y.:..wyr^trlaF....^ewa..k^. ,..a_,. zv.ieJ SR .t ^_...,^.. ... ..a.,, .pRsnxa3.s .;.., ., .^... _.. .. _.. - ._. ... .-.^., .r.. ,°1 , ;a ^ Kul h Ij t: z. u ;' i a t 1 n e (^1 BLANKPA GE d 1 Ati.. j: 3 h ^ YC f .w 5 Y6t..a.>. •gym ... .. [...a...... ,.I .. rt... \ ,. .. .. fi 1 L 4 t Earlier stages of this compilation were made while the i) author was employed by the National Aeronautics and Space i Administration. "j P I' t Noted in the United States of America. Available from National Technical Information Service yt US Department of Commerm 5285 Port Royal Road Spdnyf old, VA 22151 Prim: Printed Copy 64b8 Microfiche 5225 nxRron...MR..t.....«w.1.r.Y.h.o^..,..a W I4 UMW W.IIY n/VMI.I.I. M/ a U.IW F/4. 1 .R Ile U.IW f11.W Fw RM thAW DR/IYM/.t A4 Y sl.11 nnw .R /w/ - hd, ..0".. I W on, /Y^vnWel.n. M avA. MWgaR, v4. /.y 1' /m.^V,a/RwlriylW,Y..wrw/q I.RIWYUIY> ^ i mRRiW111Y fwtle/YIVRY,mAyYlew,R x IT a ..Yi.fars/Ibq.ry/r.1u..^elu4,wRxn/ebe1M« IMM.1/ 141 14 YY ww ..1 I.M.R .elnYly .^R/ j ^^v s TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT. iv T 1. INTRODUCTION . .. II. ANNOTATION AND FORMAT . 1 A. ERTS (Landsat) . I • • B. Apollo Missions . • • 2 C. Gemini Missions . 2 D. Skylab . 2 III. HOW TO ORDER IMAGERY. • • • • • 2 IV. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . 3 APPENDIX Catalogue Listing . 3 Indonesia . 3 South Pacific . 7 Phillippines . 8 Japan .............. ..... .. 9 Kamchatka-Kuriles. 11 North America . 13 Central America and Mexico . 15. South America . .. .. ... 19 Antarctica . 20 East Pacific Islands . 20 Atlantic Islands . 22 Europe . 23 Africa and Saudi Arabia . 24 rang itY ttpon w. onwtl u. m nnuwt of .nnt ro Ny tM Uniltl 9utw fgwrmmnL rLNM Ue IInNN Sutn nm IM VMW Sutw En Eettud. etl UnwbPneq 0.1ninWn(ke, YN nnY M Nrt mrybye. nat eq. of Ik8 M(nnat4 "I, MY , .% m IMC , 01 ss . &my eq w(nntY• reMm on ImpYe1, of nwa eeY Ird 4NYilY at ttgnwlYYEItY fm WeemmeYl^ twnnYnlrt^ w wnf d of eeY bfmiwtlon. erpMiw,p(tludm M.CNdmtl. m ngttten (Nt In wY ^oe10 mt bfNM pNnldY OetM1 NrN(n 0...Q'i:16UI3U14 OF THfj L'OCUNIIENt )5 U`rJtiATED .. I pr --^. a ._, v t i J. CATALOGUE OF SATELLITE PHOTOGRAPHY OF THE ACTIVE VOLCANOES OF THE WORLD l by - Grant Heiken ABSTRACT This is a catalogue of active volcanoes as viewed from Earth-orbiting satellites. The listing was prepared of pho- tographs, which have been screened for quality, selected frog { the earth resources technology satellite (ERTS) and Skylab, Apollo and Gemini spacecraft. At present, there is photo- graphy of nearly every active volcano in the world, the pho- (! tographs are particularly useful for regional studies of vol- canic fields. 1 } 1 . ... CATALOGUE OF SATELLITE PHOTOGRAPHY OF THE ACTIVE VOLCANOES OF THE WORLD by Grant Heiken 1. INTRODUCTION orbit. Thfs orbit is such that the spacecraft Satellite photography has proven to be useful passes over each point of the earth at the same in volcanology for purposes of geologic mapping local time each day and the ground tracks repeat and observation of eruptions. With an ever in- every 18 days.. The Landsat spacecraft have two creasing number of earth resources and weather imagery sensors, the RBV (return beam vidicon) satellites bein q placed into earth orbit, there is and the MSS (multispectral scanner). Most of the a possibility that continual monitoring of vol- image'ry . is from the MSSs; the RBVs were turned canic eruptions may be possible within the next off due to electrical problems (David Pitts, few decades. At present, there is photography of NASA-Johnson Space Center, personal nearly every volcano in the world. This imagery communication, July 1975). ERTS images cover an is particularly useful for the regional study of area approximately 185 x 185 km. The resolution volcanic fields or reconnaissance mapping of in- for the MSS is a function of contrast and was accessible areas. found to vary from 60 m for high contrast to This catalogue is of photographs, which have greater than 100 m for low contrast targets. been screened for quality, selected from the earth The bands from the RBV include the resources technology satellite (ERTS, recently following. renamed LANDSAT). Skylab imagery systems and hand- held photography from Gemini and Apollo missions. All of the photography and imagery, collected by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Spectral Wavelength (NASA), is within the public domain; anyone may Bands (u m) purchase the imagery listed here. 1 0.475-0.575 2 0.580-0.680 I1. ANNOTATION AND FORMAT 3 0.690-0.830 The catalogue is arranged geographically. The descriptions include the image number, comments on quality of the image and the type of The bands from the MSS include film. A. ERTS (Landsat) The ERTS-1 Spacecraft was launched on July 23, 1972. During the first seven months of oper- Spectral Wavelength ation, scenes of 75 percent of the world land Bands (ym) Color areas were acquired. The ERTS-1 spacecraft was 4 0.5-0.6 green renamed Landsat-1 and the Landsat-2 was launched 5 0.6-0.7 red (dark) on January 22, 1975. Like its meteorological pre- 6 0.7-0.8 infrared decessors it was placed into a Sun-synchronous 7 0.8-1.1 infrared I IF..... The most common bands used for geologic pur- shutters operate simultaneously to provide in- poses are MSS-5 and -6. All bands are available dividual images of the same scene in different as black and white images or combined as spectral bands. The field of view is 21.2 0 with a false-color composites at a very reasonable surface coverage of 162 x 162 km. price. Magnetic tape is available at consider- able cost, for each image, for computer image pracessing. Sta- Band SFactrum tion Width (um Range Film ERTS photograph numbers (observation 1 0.7-0.8 infrared B&W IR-EK2424 identification) begin with a four-digit number 2 0.8-0.9 infrared BAW IR-EK2424 referring to the days since launch and satellite 3 0.5-0.88 green,red, IR-127 number of the spacecraft, a five-digit number 4 0.4-0.7 biue,green, referring to the time of day, and a single-digit red Color-50356 number referring to the spectral band. An ex-, 5 0.6-0.7 red B&W Pan x ample of an ERTS identification number would be 50022 1210-15503-6. It should be used when ordering an 0.5-0.6 green BAW Pan x image. 6 50022 Black and white transparencies of each band are available with image sizes of 5.58 cm (2.2 2. S-1908 - Earth Terrain Camera with one in.) (film positive or negative), 18.54 cm (7.3 45.7-cm focal length lens and 12.7-cm film format. in) (film positive, negative,or paper print) and The surface coverage is 190 x 190 km. This system as 37-cm (14.6-in) or 74-cm (29.2-in) paper generally duplicates a portion of the imagery from prints. I have found that 18.54- cm x 18.54-cm the 190A system. film negatives are the most versatile form of imagery for geologic purposes. If you have access to a photographic laboratory, you are free Band Spectrum to make prints of any size or contrast. Prints Width (um) Range Film of excellent quality are available if you have no 0.4-0.7 blue,green,red Color S0242 means of printing your own photographs. 0.5-0.7 green,red B&W E03414 False -color composites are available as 0.5-0.88 green,red,IR Color IR-EK3443 18.54-cm x 18.4- cm positive transparencies and paper prints and as 74-cm x 74-cm paper prints. Skylab photography is designated by an "SL" B. Apollo Missions prefix. The first number (for example, SL-4-) A number of handheld 35-mm and 70-mm photo- designates the particular mission. An example of ,' graphs were taken from earth orbit by Apollo this would be SL-4-8004. crews. Photograph numbers consist of a mission prefix and number.
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