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Brunner Effected.) Jews
r'-^- I,-*- ^ 5 S ^ ^ -' fr’- ^ "-'i ■■ h- ^ - ‘ y . • ^ ^ TH U R5D AT, JAWCTAKT M , The Bmaau TWILT* ifllattrlif^Btpr lEpgtttng Ijgralb Average Dally Circniatlen * '<1 Far ths Mauth at DaeaaAar, 1848 laereaaiag elanilaaaa tealght foUowod by Mght suaw after ad8- T o I..<*clure Here Public Nurse 9,007 Mtglit, endiag aa«4jr Sabndayt Returns to Office Grade Schools FACTORY c l e a r a n c e SALE WMW garriaa Saturday aaoralag. About Town Style Pageant w al tbs Aadlt Report Made NOW ON al ■ fiw" ». —» Aid, Campaign Manchester— A City of Village Charm W ell Received ■y. iwnt ltob«t 3 . Richmond ^ SWEATERS AND SPORTSWEAR (FOURTEEN PAGES) PRICE THREE CENTS lain itreet w m Made 7,293 Visits in MANCHESTER, CONN„ FRIDAY, JANUARY 25, 1946 ■Mtd from tho Army »t Fort l.oral Children Enthusi- (Otaasiasd Advertlaing ra Pago 12) Tashioned Flashes’ Pre- Town in 1945 Associa Retail Salesroom yOL. LXV„ NO. 98 B« Jan, 19 attar 82 montha aslic Over Colleclin|S -.— ra ce 22 of which were apeiTl m senlefl to Big Audience For the Polio Fund tion Is Inform ed I trewOulaea end M *n«^ At St. James’ s Hall MAN01SSTER KNITTING MILLS All Quiet on Picket Front 5 S ith the 80th Oenerel ' N^nchester Green \ ihe MedW> Corps end the last au At the January meeting of the Lewis Leads Miners According to early reports from jiaontbs was la the Chief S u ^ cw a “ Fashion Flashea” an original Manchester Public Health Nurses Open Da|^ 9 A« M. to 9 P. M. -
Conde, Jonathan (2018) an Examination of Lithuania's Partisan War Versus the Soviet Union and Attempts to Resist Sovietisation
Conde, Jonathan (2018) An Examination of Lithuania’s Partisan War Versus the Soviet Union and Attempts to Resist Sovietisation. Masters thesis, York St John University. Downloaded from: http://ray.yorksj.ac.uk/id/eprint/3522/ Research at York St John (RaY) is an institutional repository. It supports the principles of open access by making the research outputs of the University available in digital form. Copyright of the items stored in RaY reside with the authors and/or other copyright owners. Users may access full text items free of charge, and may download a copy for private study or non-commercial research. For further reuse terms, see licence terms governing individual outputs. Institutional Repository Policy Statement RaY Research at the University of York St John For more information please contact RaY at [email protected] An Examination of Lithuania’s Partisan War Versus the Soviet Union and Attempts to Resist Sovietisation. Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of Research MA History at York St John University School of Humanities, Religion & Philosophy by Jonathan William Conde Student Number: 090002177 April 2018 I confirm that the work submitted is my own and that appropriate credit has been given where reference has been made to the works of others. This copy has been submitted on the understanding that it is copyright material. Any reuse must comply with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 and any licence under which this copy is released. @2018 York St John University and Jonathan William Conde The right of Jonathan William Conde to be identified as the Author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 Acknowledgments My gratitude for assisting with this project must go to my wife, her parents, wider family, and friends in Lithuania, and all the people of interest who I interviewed between the autumn of 2014 and winter 2017. -
Appendix 2 25 Years After the 1989 Revolutions: Time for Reflection on Unfinished Business a Seminar, October 3-5, 2014, Warsaw
25 Years After 1989: Reflections on Unfinished Revolutions Page 61 Appendix 2 25 Years After the 1989 Revolutions: Time for Reflection on Unfinished Business A Seminar, October 3-5, 2014, Warsaw, Poland Seminar Statement As one reflects twenty-five years after the Revolutions of 1989 in Eastern Europe and the subsequent collapse of the Soviet Union, it is obvious that a great deal was left unfinished. Indeed, today, we are witnessing an attempt to reverse some of the fundamental outcomes of that transformation. Yet, even before the most recent events, it was clear that the larger promise and hopes of the 1989-91 transformations remained unfulfilled. The political, economic, and social deficits are more obvious in most republics of the former Soviet Union, but they are also notable in East Central European, Baltic, and Balkan countries, which continue to face serious challenges remaining from the legacy of the communist period. All of these factors are significant as the world confronts a revisionist Russian Federation seeking to reassert its domi- nance over the region. The Institute for Democracy in Eastern Europe (IDEE) believes that the twenty-fifth anniversary of the events of 1989 provides an opportunity to analyze what oc- curred, to assess the different outcomes across the region, and to develop ideas and strategies for taking on the unfinished business of that era. To do that, IDEE is organizing a focused seminar gathering democratic activists who helped bring about the 1989-91 revolutions and took part in the region’s transition to address these issues. IDEE has drawn participants for the seminar from the community of activists it has worked with over more than three decades. -
Veľký Slovník Cudzích Slov
Gustáv Brukker - Jana Opatíková VEĽKÝ SLOVNÍK CUDZÍCH SLOV VydaloVydal Vydavate Robinson,ľstvo Robinson,s.r.o., Bratislava, s. r. o. Bratislava2006 v roku 2006 Všetky práva vyhradené OBSAH A 3, B 51, C 70, D 81, E 105, F 126, G 142, H 155, CH 170, I 175, J 192, K 196, L 235, M 249, N 276 O 287, P 299, Q 342, R 343, S 362, Š 395, T 400, U 428, V 433, W 442, X 444, Y 446, Z 447, Ž 450 a. m skratka výrazu ante meridiem = pred poludním aak riečny nákladný čln A ab initio od začiatku ab origine od počiatku; pôvodom á jour k určitému dátumu, byť hotový s prácou, nemeškať (byť v ažurite) ab ovo od začiatku, od vajca á la ako, podľa, na spôsob... aba, abája vlnený mužský plášť bez rukávov v krajinách Orientu ŕ la baisse v burzovej praxi špekulácia na pokles kurzov cenných papierov abak, abakus časť hlavice antických stĺpov; počítadlo; stolík u oltára na ŕ la carte podľa jedálneho lístka prípravu bohoslužobných predmetov ŕ la hausse v burzovej praxi špekulácia na rast kurzov cenných papierov abaka tzv. manilské konope, textilná surovina z vlákien filipínskeho baná- ŕ propos pri tej príležitosti, mimochodom novníka A skratka pre ampér abakteriálny ktorý je alebo prebieha bez účasti baktérií a záporová predpona, napr. alogický = nelogický abakus doska na hlavici stĺpa; staroveká počítacia tabuľka, počítadlo a capella spev bez sprievodu nástrojov; skladba interpretovaná hudob- abandon vzdanie sa poistenej veci alebo práva za náhradu níkmi unisono abandonovať prenechať štátu dovážaný tovar namiesto úhrady cla ŕ conto na účet, ako záloha abatiša predstavená ženského kláštora niektorých rádov rímskokatolíckej a contrario v protiklade cirkvi a dato odo dňa vydania alebo vystavenia, napr. -
NONVIOLENT RESISTANCE in LITHUANIA a Story of Peaceful Liberation
NONVIOLENT RESISTANCE IN LITHUANIA A Story of Peaceful Liberation Grazina Miniotaite The Albert Einstein Institution www.aeinstein.org 2 CONTENTS Acknowledgments Introduction Chapter 1: Nonviolent Resistance Against Russification in the Nineteenth Century The Goals of Tsarism in Lithuania The Failure of Colonization The Struggle for the Freedom of Religion The Struggle for Lithuanian Press and Education Chapter 2: Resistance to Soviet Rule, 1940–1987 An Overview Postwar Resistance The Struggle for the Freedom of Faith The Struggle for Human and National Rights The Role of Lithuanian Exiles Chapter 3: The Rebirth From Perestroika to the Independence Movement Test of Fortitude The Triumph of Sajudis Chapter 4: Towards Independence The Struggle for Constitutional Change Civil Disobedience Step by Step The Rise of Reactionary Opposition Chapter 5: The Struggle for International Recognition The Declaration of Independence Independence Buttressed: the Battle of Laws First Signs of International Recognition The Economic Blockade The January Events Nonviolent Action in the January Events International Reaction 3 Chapter 6: Towards Civilian-Based Defense Resistance to the “Creeping Occupation” Elements of Civilian-Based Defense From Nonviolent Resistance to Organized Civilian-Based Defense The Development of Security and Defense Policy in Lithuania since 1992 Concluding Remarks Appendix I Appeal to Lithuanian Youth by the Supreme Council of the Republic of Lithuania Appendix II Republic in Danger! Appendix III Appeal by the Government of the Republic -
WHAT PRICE LITHUANIAN INDEPENDENCE? By
NOT FOR WITHOUT WRITER'SPUBLICATIOICONSENT INSTITUTE OF CURRENT WORLD ILN AFEAIRS Vilnius Lithuania April ii, 1990 WHAT PRICE LITHUANIAN INDEPENDENCE? by Ina Navazelskis Saturday, March 31, was a beautiful spring day in Vilnius. The sun shone; a gusty, warm breeze blew. People were out shopping or strolling along Gediminas Prospect, Vilnius' central boulevard. Life looked normal. It was, however,-far from that. It was on this balmy spring day that Mikhail Gorbachev delivered his most stinging written rebuke yet to the Lithuanian leadership. Almost three weeks to the day after the Lithuanians declared independence, Gorbachev warned of "grave consequences" if the Lithuanian parliament refused to revoke all the laws, declarations, resolutions and appeals that it had passed in the interim. Gorbachev's primary target, of course, was the declaration of independence itself, or as the Lithuanians call it, the "reestablishment" of the independent statehood of Lithuania. The Lithuanians have been calling for negotiations with Moscow ever since they passed this act on March ii. Gorbachev now stipulated he would sit down at the negotiating table only if the Lithuanians [evoked it. "The current Lithuanian leadership is not listening to the voice of reason, Gorbachev' s ultimatum to the Lithuanian Parliament began. It was totally ignoring the decisions of the extraordinary third session of the Soviet People's Congress held in mid-March (which condemned all the Lithuanian moves) and was "carrying out actions which conflict with the Constitution of the Soviet Union, and which, in the view of the entire Union, are openly provocational and insulting." Ins Navszelskis, a journalist, hes written extensively about East European and Soviet ffairs. -
Sou Obé Ějiny
3/2014 Vydává Ústav pro soudobé dějiny AV ČR, v. v. i. Doporučená cena ve volném prodeji 88 Kč. 3/2014 SOU OBÉ DĚJINY Ondřej Žíla Válečný konflikt v Bosně a Hercegovině a fenomén etnických čistek Veronika Košnarová Hlasy bez rámů Krajské nakladatelství Růže ve věku konkrétní iracionality ĚJINY D Adam Havlík Od pouliční šmeliny ke „strýčkům ze Západu“ Černý trh pozdního socialismu v česko-německém kontextu Jiří Pokorný Dovolená s Heydrichem Karel Hrubý OUDOBÉ Rozpaky nad výkladem komunistické diktatury Kritické poznámky k projektu „Socialismus jako myšlenkový svět“ S Kieran Williams Sukova „komedie“ z časů normalizace Milan Znoj Havlova antipolitika na různý způsob K Sukově knize o Václavu Havlovi Miloš Havelka Václav Havel v živlu absurdity, antinomií a nesmyslu Jaroslav Vaculík Soudobé dějiny v polských historických časopisech v roce 2013 Recenze – Kronika – Anotace Předplatné na ročník XXII (2015), tj. 4 čísla: Informace pro autory 300,- Kč (včetně poštovného) pro jednotlivce Časopis Soudobé dějiny vychází třikrát do roka (dvě čísla a jedno dvojčíslo). 350,- Kč (včetně poštovného) pro instituce Redakce přijímá výxhradně původní práce, které jsou výsledkem vlastní badatel- ské činnosti autora. Mohou být psány česky nebo slovensky, případně v hlavních evropských jazycích. Články, vzpomínky, edice dokumentů dodržují zpravidla roz- Předplatné pro zahraničí: sah jednoho až dvou autorských archů (16–32 stran). 60 euro (včetně poštovného) pro jednotlivce 75 euro (včetně poštovného) pro instituce K úpravě rukopisu: 1. Rukopis napsaný na počítači odevzdejte na disketě (WP nebo Word) nebo zašlete Cena ve volném prodeji 88,- Kč za jedno číslo, 176,- Kč za dvojčíslo na e-mailovou adresu redakce [email protected] nebo [email protected] 2. -
Honour List 2018 © International Board on Books for Young People (IBBY), 2018
HONOUR LIST 2018 © International Board on Books for Young People (IBBY), 2018 IBBY Secretariat Nonnenweg 12, Postfach CH-4009 Basel, Switzerland Tel. [int. +4161] 272 29 17 Fax [int. +4161] 272 27 57 E-mail: [email protected] http://www.ibby.org Book selection and documentation: IBBY National Sections Editors: Susan Dewhirst, Liz Page and Luzmaria Stauffenegger Design and Cover: Vischer Vettiger Hartmann, Basel Lithography: VVH, Basel Printing: China Children’s Press and Publication Group (CCPPG) Cover illustration: Motifs from nominated books (Nos. 16, 36, 54, 57, 73, 77, 81, 86, 102, www.ijb.de 104, 108, 109, 125 ) We wish to kindly thank the International Youth Library, Munich for their help with the Bibliographic data and subject headings, and the China Children’s Press and Publication Group for their generous sponsoring of the printing of this catalogue. IBBY Honour List 2018 IBBY Honour List 2018 The IBBY Honour List is a biennial selection of This activity is one of the most effective ways of We use standard British English for the spelling outstanding, recently published children’s books, furthering IBBY’s objective of encouraging inter- foreign names of people and places. Furthermore, honouring writers, illustrators and translators national understanding and cooperation through we have respected the way in which the nomi- from IBBY member countries. children’s literature. nees themselves spell their names in Latin letters. As a general rule, we have written published The 2018 Honour List comprises 191 nomina- An IBBY Honour List has been published every book titles in italics and, whenever possible, tions in 50 different languages from 61 countries. -
Liulevicius on Landsbergis, 'Lithuania Independent Again: the Autobiography of Vytautas Landsbergis'
H-Russia Liulevicius on Landsbergis, 'Lithuania Independent Again: The Autobiography of Vytautas Landsbergis' Review published on Friday, June 1, 2001 Vytautas Landsbergis. Lithuania Independent Again: The Autobiography of Vytautas Landsbergis. Trans Anthony Packer and Eimutis Sova. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2000. xii + 387 pp. $35.00 (cloth), ISBN 978-0-295-97959-5. Reviewed by Vejas Gabriel Liulevicius (Department of History, University of Tennessee ) Published on H-Russia (June, 2001) Soviet Decolonization in the Baltics Soviet Decolonization in the Baltics Ten years have now passed since the dramatic events in the Baltic Republics which led to their regained independence. The whole point of the popular movements organized in Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia was to underline for the world that these states were not, and never had been, legally parts of the Soviet Union (having been forcibly occupied in 1940). Readers of H-Russia will nonetheless find the memoir of a leading Baltic politician interesting for the insights it offers into the process of decolonization and resistance, which marked the last stages of the Soviet Union's decomposition in the late 1980s and early 1990s. With the distance that a decade allows, one of the main players in these political upheavals offers his memories and assessments of the momentous events that marked the road to full independence. Vytautas Landsbergis, as the leader of the Lithuanian popular independence movement Sajudis and later Chairman of the Lithuanian parliament, steered that republic towards its declaration of the restoration of independence on March 11, 1990. In the following months, he led efforts to find international recognition for this political act, while dealing at the same time with Gorbachev's imposition of economic blockade on the country, the cool reaction of the Western diplomatic establishment, and an unsettled society at home. -
Kaunas of 1919–1939: a Temporary Capital Built by Its Citizens
/ nr 2 / 2018 Instytut Historii Sztuki UKSW Kaunas of 1919–1939: a temporary capital built by its citizens VAIDAS PETRULIS countries, became independent. However, INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE AND CONSTRUCTION soon after this, in 1919, the historical capi- OF KAUNAS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY tal, Vilnius was lost, and the government of the Republic of Lithuania had to move to INTRODUCTION Kaunas – the second largest city in the Upon embarking on exploration of country. This previously military town of Lithuanian modernism, it is important to Tsarist Russia became the temporary capi- take a short glimpse at the political envi- tal of the country until 1939. During a short ronment. Just after the end of World War I, but very intense period, Kaunas lived Lithuania, along with the other Baltic through one of the most important phases in its historical development. Its Residential houses Public houses 2. City development plan prepared for Kaunas by the Danish architect Peter Brick Wood Owerall Brick Brick Owerall status as a capital city provoked Marius Frandsen and Lithuanian architect Antanas Jokimas. 1923. Partly 1918 a huge construction boom, aim- implemented. LCVA 1919 1920 ing to create the entire neces- 1921 8 46 54 4 9 13 sary infrastructure: govern- legacy as a cultural heritage has a surpris- be named the European Capital of Culture 1922 67 113 180 29 74 103 ingly long history. Some of the buildings for 2022. The cultural agenda for that year 1923 88 108 196 37 60 97 ment institutions, museums, 1924 78 216 294 35 127 162 educational institutions (a uni- were recognised as architectural monu- will include a programme entitled 1925 83 224 307 22 166 188 ments of local significance as early as in “Modernism for the Future”, interpreting 1926 102 165 267 13 103 116 versity, academies and schools), 1927 88 198 286 38 117 155 business offices, hotels, industri- 1972 and thus are examples of one of the the inter-war heritage within a broader ar- 1928 119 310 429 33 119 152 earliest inscriptions of modern architec- tistic, social and cultural context. -
The Own'': Moral Identity of the (Post-)Soviet Lithuania
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Springer - Publisher Connector Stud East Eur Thought (2008) 60:261–278 DOI 10.1007/s11212-008-9058-7 The good vs. ‘‘the own’’: moral identity of the (post-)Soviet Lithuania Nerija Putinaite_ Published online: 6 June 2008 Ó The Author(s) 2008 Abstract What is the meaning of perestrojka? There is no doubt that it led to the end of the Cold War and had a huge impact on the international situation. Never- theless, there is no consensus as to the outcomes of perestrojka. Perestrojka brought about the collapse of the Soviet Union. This fact might be interpreted positively: it opened the possibility to restore historical truth and to create independent demo- cratic states. From another perspective, it can be conceived negatively as a destruction of the integrity of the Soviet Union and the loss of a part of the territory as well as the economy of Russia (according to the President of the Gorbacˇev Foundation, Viktor Kuvaldin, during the conference ‘‘Revisiting Perestroika— Processes and Alternatives’’). Perestrojka has no one definite general meaning, but it has a very specific one for Lithuania. In this paper I ask: What is the meaning of perestrojka for contemporary Lithuania and for post-Soviet life? Was perestrojka a failure or a success? I approach perestrojka from a moral point of view, suggesting that the perestrojka made possible a fundamental choice between several alterna- tives. Once the choice was made the specificity of future goals and evaluation of the past opened up. -
THE BALTIC CHAIN: a STUDY of the ORGANISATION FACETS of LARGE-SCALE PROTEST from a MICRO-LEVEL PERSPECTIVE Paula Christie
LITHUANIAN HISTORICAL STUDIES 20 2015 ISSN 1392-2343 PP. 183–211 THE BALTIC CHAIN: A STUDY OF THE ORGANISATION FACETS OF LARGE-SCALE PROTEST FROM A MICRO-LEVEL PERSPECTIVE Paula Christie ABSTRACT Following the introduction of Gorbachev’s policy of glasnost, details of the secret protocols contained within the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact of 1939 were subsequently published. This led to widespread condemnation of the Soviet annexation of the three Baltic countries, which culminated in one of the largest-ever human chain protests. How was a protest spanning 671 kilometres and involving almost two million people across Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia organised and coordinated? Did particular variables impact upon individual levels of participant engagement and experience? This article engages with the experiences of those who were involved in the protest at a grass-roots level, and provides a nuanced picture of participant engagement often lacking within the dominant commemorative narrative of the protest. Introduction The Baltic countries of Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia were sur- rendered to Soviet influence under the secret protocols contained within the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact of 1939, drawn up between Nazi Germany and the USSR. 1 The annexation of the three Baltic countries was not internationally recognised, and in the wake of Gorbachev’s policy of glasnost, the publication of the protocols in 1988 sparked a number of large-scale nationalist protests calling for national sovereignty to be restored. 2 On 23 August 1989 these nationalist protests culminated in the formation of an unbroken human chain made up of approximately two million men, women and children, from Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia, which stretched 1 R.J.