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Modeling the Dynamics of the Grain Mixtures with the Screening On ТЕKA. COMMISSION OF MOTORIZATION AND ENERGETICS IN AGRICULTURE – 2016, Vol. 16, No.3, 101-108 Modern state of natural landscape complexes of Zaporizhzhya area Valerij Lysenko, Yulia Chebanova Tavria State Agrotechnological University Ukraine, Zaporizhia obl, Мelitopol, ave. B.Khmelnitsky 18, 72310, e-mail: [email protected] Received September 01.2016: accepted September 05.2016 Summary. Formation of modern landscapes of thousand years ago. In this time middle climatic Zaporizhzhya region occurred in the Holocene period. indexes were set at level near to modern. Such terms During the Holocene wet phase changing climate fairly assisted forming of steppe zonal type of landscape. At arid, warm - rather cold, but the average climatic the same time internal zonal differentiation of indicators were close to modern. These conditions correlation of heat and moisture from a north contributed to the formation of steppe zonal type of southward assisted forming on the south of zone of landscape. However, due to prolonged exposure to stripe of wormwood-cereal dry steppes with darkly- diverse steppe landscapes economic impacts associated chestnut soils, middle stripe of fescue-feather-grass with mismanagement of their natural potential and steppes with black earth south and north stripe of herb increasing human pressure on the natural environment fescue-feather-grass steppes with black earth ordinary. has been transformed natural landscapes and change However, the protracted economic use of natural their properties. The result of this action was that the landscapes and increase of anthropogenic pressure on a area landscapes drastically reduced. Zaporizhzhya natural environment resulted in the multi-level changes region was the most economically mastered in all of properties of natural landscape complexes mainly regions of Ukraine. toward their worsening and certain complications of To further study the issues to optimize territorial landscape structure of the Zaporizhzhya area. environmental management of the region, the article As a result landscapes of steppes, and especially reproduced a modern structure of landscapes area. The landscape complexes of Dry Steppe on the now are area characterized Zaporizhzhya region lowland class and type steppe landscapes. Three subtypes of most changed for the Zaporizhzhya area as a result of landscapes: the north, middle and dry steppe. Each the protracted operating on them of the heterogeneous subtype is divided into land. Within North steppe economic influences related to the inefficient use them subtype isolated Dniester-Dnieper and the Left-Bank self-potential. Transformation of natural landscapes Dnepr-Azov province. Medium steppe subtype is and change of their properties became the result of represented by the Black Sea margin, and dry steppe - scalene anthropogenic activity. In the present limits of Black sea-Azov. The most popular items on the the Zaporizhzhya area the unchanged or unregenerate optimization of environmental management are landscapes actually did not remain - in a greater or less landscaped areas and areas of morphological units measure they tested direct or mediated anthropogenic within them. That level reflects the nature of the influence. Here upon in the administrative limits of the landscape area inside the area landscape Zaporizhzhya area natural landscape complexes with differentiation. Within the Zaporizhzhya region the conditionally natural state were saved only on allocated 7 landscaped areas: highland Azov, highland- separate, mainly small areas useless for the Dnieper south slope, Kinsko-Yalinska low-lying, low- agricultural, industrial or recreational use - steppe lying Azov, the Dnieper-Molochansk low-lying, steep slopes of river valleys and beams, litoral stripe of Western Azov-slope highland and lowland Prisivasko- sea of Azov, in podah [3]. Priazov. Key words: landscape structure, economic use of OBJECTIVES natural landscapes, Zaporizhzhya area, steppe, An aim of work is determination of modern landscape areas, soil, optimization of nature use. structure and landscape features of territory of the INTRODUCTION Zaporizhzhya area for optimization of nature use. Exposure of structure and landscape features of THE MAIN RESULTS OF THE RESEARCH territory, power for a substance connections between The landscape structure of the Zaporizhzhya area nearby landscapes, configuration and properties of is presented by unity of territorial formations of flat landscape borders the decision of the applied problems class of landscapes. The landscape structural division predefined by a necessity, in particular optimizations of territory predetermines a selection in her limits of of nature use of concrete territory. row of landscape complexes of dry land. This division THE ANALYSIS OF RECENT RESEARCHES intersperses with numerous off-shore (streamside, AND PUBLICATIONS seashore) and equatorial by the landscape complexes of sea of Azov with his estuaries and bays, Kahovka The modern landscapes of the Zaporizhzhya area storage pool, other storage pools, ponds and river river- were formed in a holocene period [1,2], about 16 beds. All of them combine the system of connections 102 V. Lysenko, Yu. Chebanova and relations, form single "landscape space" [4]. His More shallow division of natural landscapes gives variety and features are caused by different an opportunity to define landscape edges, areas, descriptions and types of co-operation of basic districts and morphological structure of every productive landscape factors - geological basis, relief, landscape, that consists of localities, natural boundaries climate, soils, water, vegetation and living organisms. and facies. Their selection is related to heterogeneity of The system of natural landscape complexes was relief of earth surface, different degree of the ground here upon formed with unique and unique in space moistening, different amount of the got sunny heat, landscape picture. His basis is presented by the different vegetable groupments. Most highly sought framework lines of relief (Priazovska sublimity, black from positions of optimization of rational nature use sea Region and Priazovska lowlands), river river-beds are landscape areas and morphological units of level of (Dnepr, Milk, Berda and other), coastline of sea of localities in their limits - watershed, upland, Azov and Kahovka storage pool. Landscape atwatershed slopes, apt-terraced, streamside. Exactly configuration is complicated by the features of natural the level of landscape area represents character of and climatic terms of territory, that entailed inside the area landscape differentiation taking into distribution within the limits of the investigated account of that is needed at the ground of regional territory of steppe landscapes with subzonal charts of optimization of nature use [6,7]. northsteppe, mediumsteppe and by drysteppe Hypsometric the greatest landscapes within the complexes. limits of the Zaporizhzhya area are presented Priazov More detailed analysis of landscape structure Upland by a landscape area. She repeats the outlines of showed that hierarchically the landscape complexes of the Priazov performance of the Ukrainian crystalline north-western part of the Zaporizhzhya area belong to shield the configuration. Near bedding of crystalline the Dniester-Dnepr northsteppe edge, Left-Bank breeds of the Priazov array of the Ukrainian crystalline Dnepr-Azov of northsteppe edge (north and east parts shield, frequent exits of granites and granitoids on a of territory), black sea Region secondarysteppe edge daily surface, the beam for gullies complexes deeply (western, central and south-east parts of territory), cut in crystalline foundation assisted most maintenance Black Sea and Azov drysteppe edge (extreme south of of natural landscapes due to more subzero territory of the Zaporizhzhya area). In their limits, anthropogenic loading on them [5]. corresponding to them is distinguished on properties The axial width of the landscape area 30 km landscape areas and concrete natural landscape high, the surrounding landscape highland also be complexes (fig. 1). considered, especially its southern and southeastern As basic indicators of naturalness of northsteppe slopes. Due to the high hypsometric position and slope landscape complexes fescue-feather-grass and fescue- areas dominated erosion systems are well developed feather steppes come forward on black earth ordinary, and belong to the cool slopes. The northern and for secondarysteppe landscapes is a fescue-feather northwestern slopes are more gentle, but also active xeropolum on black earth south, and for soutusteppe is erosion. the wormwood-cereal rarefied vegetation on darkly- The feature of the landscape is close and frequent chestnut soils. But actually this vegetation was saved occurrence of Precambrian crystalline rocks exits to the only on uncomfortable for till earth (on about 5% from surface in the form of residuals. In addition, there are the general area of area). Id est actually all upland more atmospheric moistening of the larger altitudes earth is thrown open. higher thermal resources. The result is the formation Typical north subzone steppes remained on narrow and development residual outcrops-watershed, countries between, halophytic of their variation - on the watershed wavy, ravine, gully, atvalley, river- south and south-west slopes of erosive network, floodplain and terraced areas. petrofitnye - on outcrops or in the places of the near Remnant-watershed areas occupy a small area
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