DOCSLIB.ORG

Molotschna Historical Atlas/Helmut T

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Molotschna Historical Atlas/Helmut T HALBSTADT LIEBENAU RUDNERWEIDE MARGE NAU OLOTSCHNA HISTORICA A.TLA.S Helmut T. Huebert LICHTFELDE OHRLOFF GROSSWEIDE R U E C K E N A U -- - - --- -~ OLOTSCHNA HISTORICA A_TLA_S JA luwS c-:~ · :-; .. 5.IL~'J.l7L _. ! . Nf6.........• 7,,.w/ '.i OLOTSCHNA HISTORICA .ATL.AS HELMUT T. HUEBERT [SB SPRINGFIELD PUBLISHERS WINNIPEG, CANADA 2003 Published by Springfield Publishers of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada National Library of Canada Cataloguing in Publication Huebert, Helmut T., 1935- Molotschna historical atlas/Helmut T. Huebert. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-920643-08-6 1. Molotschna (Ukraine)--Historical geography--Maps. 2. Mem10nites--Ukraine--Molotschna--History--Maps. I. Title G2152.M65H84 2003 911'.4771 C2003-906954-0 All cartography by Helmut T. Huebert. Some maps from the Mennonite Historical Atlas. A number of maps originally drawn by William Schroeder (marked with a WS in a lower comer). Other maps originally drawn by Helmut T. Huebert (marked with a HTH in a lower comer). Cover design by Lorie Mayer MOLOTSCHNA HISTORICAL ATLAS Copyright© 2003 by Springfield Publishers, 6 Litz Place, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R2G OV 1, E-mail [email protected] All rights reserved. With the exception of brief excerpts for review or very limited copying of maps for strictly private use, no part of this book may be reproduced without written permission by the publisher. International Standard Book Number 0-920643-08-6 Printed in Canada by Christian Press lV DEDICATION This atlas is dedicated to our parents, all of whom lived in the Molotschna. Peter Rempel was born on Tiegenhof Estate, but then in the difficult times moved to Petershagen with his family. He was baptized in the Petershagen Mennonite Church. He completed his teacher training in Halbstadt, then taught in Rosenort. Katharina Baerkmann was born and raised in Ladekopp. She attended the Neu-Halbstadt Maedchenschule, then completed the teacher training in Halbstadt. She taught a year in the same school in Ladekopp where she had been a pupil. Peter and Katharina were married, and shortly after emigrated to Canada, in 1924. Gerhard David Huebert was born in Margenau. Orphaned by age eleven, he subsequently lived with his brothers. He preached his first sermon at the Alexanderthal Mennonite Brethren Church, where he lived with brother Heinrich. He went to the Gnadenfeld Zentralschule, living with his half-brother, Kornelius Martens. Katharina Willms was born and raised in Hierschau, and was extremely proud of her home village. After her mother died, she and her siblings planned to emigrate to Canada. Just prior to departure an attempted robbery at their house resulted in the murder of a friend. Gerhard and Katharina emigrated to Canada in 1926 with their siblings. They met in Alberta, and were married in 1933. This atlas is also dedicated to the thousands of Mennonites who did not manage to escape the terrors of what must have been one the most brutal regimes ever to have existed - both to those who lost their lives, usually after untold suffering, but but also to those who survived the long and dark night of barbaric cruelty. V FOREWORD The Mennonite Molotschna settlement region has been an area of central interest for students of Mennonite history for two centuries, really ever since it was founded 200 years ago. The first settlers of the steppe area just to the east of the Molochnaya River actually did not reach the territory until 1804, although earlier Mennonite land scouts had been there in the initial period of investigation of New Russia nearly twenty years earlier. They were not the first to seek out these lands for settlement. Russian peasants had been around since 1783, well before the Mennonite Chortitza families founded their colony on the Dniepr River to the northwest of the Molotschna six years later. A Mennonite grandmother once told her young grandchild about helping to begin the Mennonite village of Gnadenfeld in 183 5: "They came to barren steppe ... no tree, no bush, only tall dry bitter grass and prickly camel fodder grew on the dry, cracked ground." This volume has a great deal to say about the larger picture of which Gnadenfeld was a part, both in geographical terms, and in terms of people who founded not only that very important community, but many others as well. In all roughly 60 settlements were established along the Molochnaya River and its tributaries, the Juschanlee, the Kuruschan and the Tomak. The river then flowed south for 40 kilometres or so to the Molotschna Estuary and finally into the Sea of Azov. This volume is a multidimensional presentation of a development which is still a remarkable feat of colonization whether viewed in its Russian context, or in any other country of the world. Dr. John Staples, author of a path breaking recent study, "Cross-Cultural Encounters on the Ukrainian Steppe: Settling the Molochna Basin, 1783-1861," put it this way: "By the mid-nineteenth century ploughed fields were replacing pastures, here and there villages had become towns, with textile mills, forges, and brick works to serve the bustling communities." The author of the atlas has done well to use this most valuable new source of information. A series of general maps, some never published before, of the area as a whole, and then of most of the individual village communities help to recreate the format of the land and the larger regional interlock of Mennonite life and communal development of the settlement. It is not insignificant, although not stressed here, that neighbouring communities also had theii· role to play: the Orthodox Russian/Ukrainian peasants to the north and east, the Lutheran and Catholic Germans, as well as the Doukhobors to the west and southwest, and the Nagai nomadic tribespeople to the south. In due time the latter two groups would move on ( or be moved on - the Doukhobors either converted or were moved) elsewhere, but they are naturally in some way also part of this story as well. No one has ever attempted before the assembling of residence maps for the great majority of the Molotschna villages as this work has done. It will remain someone's challenge to find the remaining few; but the impetus for doing so is now in place. Establishments of villages of a certain style, with long streets, carefully laid out farmyards and house barn residences, self-sufficient in large measure with their mills and factories, schools and churches, large gardens, much admired groves of trees, community pastures, and of course land under vigorous cultivation all around, were the signature of these colonists. This was not only the Vl case in the Molotschna, but also in other similar colonies scattered across Russia, finally all the way to eastern Siberia, in the Amur region. A series of brief village histories, or even histories of their beginnings, does not want to portray itself as a full blown history of the Mennonite settlement as a whole. It does, though, depict in a real sense, important embryonic segments of the larger story which Heinrich Goerz set out to do in his book "Die Molotschnaer Ansiedlung", published in 1951 as part of the Echo Verlag series edited by Arnold Dyck. This, and a number of other books of the series have now been translated into, and published in English. Almost unlimited amounts of new documentation have made possible a major enhancing of that pioneer account. This volume definitely contributes to this augmentation. An earlier work by the author "Hierschau: An Example of Russian Mennonite Life,"and his contribution of the two editions of "Mennonite Historical Atlas" are superb examples of what that must involve for mapping and discussing the other villages and territories. It will most likely be the enviable privilege of this volume to become the premiere exhibit in the larger, several-day program ofMolotschna2004, an ambitious history conference of Mennonite and other scholars from various countries who hope to meet in Melitopol, Ukraine, next year. It is possible that small national gatherings may become the descendent meetings of the Melitopol event. Their focus will be the topic of this book, and the two will meet at the conjunction of this and other scholarly work which these conferences will undoubtedly produce. Looking beyond the volume at hand, one can more easily conceptualize how future Mennonite and other Russian historical projects might emerge. Many Molotschna families became a part of the final frontier of Mennonite settlement in Siberia as it developed after 1900, even up to the 1940s. That story is awaiting the touch of a hand like the one that has been at work here. Settlements such as Arkadak and Central, and the entire Soviet Mennonite experience of75 years need such a narrator and map maker as well. We hope that readers and students of this endeavor will not forget that dimension of the historical and community remembering task that is still ahead. Dr. Lawrence Klippenstein Mennonite Heritage Centre November, 2003 Vll INTRODUCTION This atlas is produced to commemorate the bicentenary of the founding of the Molotschna Colony in South Russia in 1804. But this is not meant to be a dry collection of ancient maps and recounting of irrelevant history. This atlas has been published to honour those whose blood, sweat and tears initially established the Molotschna, rising up from the arid windswept steppes to become the keystone of the "Mennonite Commonwealth," all the way to those who suffered untold hardship and brutality under the communist regime, as this achievement was methodically dismantled. I have used the name "Molotschna" on purpose, realizing that there are those who feel that it is more politically correct to call the colony Molotschnaya, or Molochna, or some other variant of the spelling.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • ESIA Appendix 3
    National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine Bogdan Khmelnitsky Melitopol State Teachers’ Training University, Bioriznomanittia NNC, Research Institute for Biodiversity of Ukraine’s Terrestrial and Water Ecosystems, Azov and Black Sea Interdepartmental Ornithological Station at I.I. Shmalgauzen Zoology Institute (the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine) and at Bogdan Khmelnitsky MSTTU, Non- Governmental Ecological Organization “Laguna” Expert Opinion and Scientific Report #2 Characteristic of the species composition and territorial distribution of seasonal ornithological complexes within the route of 330 kV OTL between the Wind Park Central Substation and Melitopol Substation Under the Contract # 03л/07 - 16 of 02.08.2016 “Performance of the studies and processing of the monitoring data as regards adjustment of the expert conclusion and the scientific report on the impact of 500 MW Wind Park in Pryazovske and Melitopol Districts of Zaporizhia Region (hereinafter - the Wind Park), including the route of the 330 kV power transmission line, on seasonal ornithological complexes and migratory birds, and bats in the territory of Divnynske, Dobrivka, Dunaivka, Girsivka, Nadezhdyne Village Councils of Pryazovske District and Mordvynivka, Nove Village Sobory Melitopol Rejonowy w Zaporoże regionu " Wyniki badań i przetwarzania danych z monitorowania w odniesieniu korektę wniosku, ekspertów oraz sprawozdanie naukowe na temat wpływu 500 MW Wiatrowej Park w Pryazovske i Melitopol Powiatów Zaporoża regionu
    [Show full text]
  • French and German Cultural Cooperation, 1925-1954 Elana
    The Cultivation of Friendship: French and German Cultural Cooperation, 1925-1954 Elana Passman A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History Chapel Hill 2008 Approved by: Dr. Donald M. Reid Dr. Christopher R. Browning Dr. Konrad H. Jarausch Dr. Alice Kaplan Dr. Lloyd Kramer Dr. Jay M. Smith ©2008 Elana Passman ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT ELANA PASSMAN The Cultivation of Friendship: French and German Cultural Cooperation, 1925-1954 (under the direction of Donald M. Reid) Through a series of case studies of French-German friendship societies, this dissertation investigates the ways in which activists in France and Germany battled the dominant strains of nationalism to overcome their traditional antagonism. It asks how the Germans and the French recast their relationship as “hereditary enemies” to enable them to become partners at the heart of today’s Europe. Looking to the transformative power of civic activism, it examines how journalists, intellectuals, students, industrialists, and priests developed associations and lobbying groups to reconfigure the French-German dynamic through cultural exchanges, bilingual or binational journals, conferences, lectures, exhibits, and charitable ventures. As a study of transnational cultural relations, this dissertation focuses on individual mediators along with the networks and institutions they developed; it also explores the history of the idea of cooperation. Attempts at rapprochement in the interwar period proved remarkably resilient in the face of the prevalent nationalist spirit. While failing to override hostilities and sustain peace, the campaign for cooperation adopted a new face in the misguided shape of collaborationism during the Second World War.
    [Show full text]
  • Turkey, Migration and the EU: Potentials, Challenges and Opportunities
    Turkey, Migration and the EU: Potentials, Challenges and Opportunities edited by Seçil Paçacı Elitok and Thomas Straubhaar EDITION HWWI Hamburg University Press Turkey, Migration and the EU: Potentials, Challenges and Opportunities Series Edition HWWI Volume 5 Turkey, Migration and the EU: Potentials, Challenges and Opportunities edited by Seçil Paçacı Elitok and Thomas Straubhaar Hamburg University Press Verlag der Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky Imprint Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek (German National Library). The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at http://dnb.d-nb.de. The online version is available for free on the website of Hamburg University Press (open access). The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek stores this online publication on its Archive Server. The Archive Server is part of the deposit system for long-term availability of digital publications. Available open access in the Internet at: Hamburg University Press – http://hup.sub.uni-hamburg.de PURL: http://hup.sub.uni-hamburg.de/HamburgUP/HWWI5_Elitok_Migration Archive Server of the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek – http://deposit.d-nb.de ISBN 978-3-937816-94-4 (printed version) ISSN 1865-7974 (printed version) © 2012 Hamburg University Press, publishing house of the Hamburg State and University Library Carl von Ossietzky, Germany The contents are available under the terms of an open content licence of the type Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.0 Germany (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)“(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/de). In essence, this licence al- lows to freely use the content, but not change it and only for non commercial purposes and only under the condition of the usual rules of citation.
    [Show full text]
  • Verbesserte Diplomarbeit Carina Vogt, Volksdeutsche, Stand…
    DIPLOMARBEIT „Heim ins Reich!“ – Die nationalsozialistische Politik gegenüber den sogenannten „Volksdeutschen“ und ihre Folgen. Carina Vogt angestrebter akademischer Grad Magistra der Philosophie (Mag. phil.) Wien, 2011 Studienkennzahl lt. Studienblatt: A 190 299 313 Studienrichtung lt. Studienblatt: Lehramt PP und GSP Betreuerin / Betreuer: Univ.-Doz. Dr. Bertrand Perz Inhaltsverzeichnis EINLEITUNG ..........................................…..................................…...... 4 – 8 1. Warum gab es deutschsprachige Minderheiten in ganz Europa? ... 9 – 15 2. Minderheitenprobleme und Nationalstaatsdenken – der Erste Weltkrieg und die Zwischenkriegszeit ............................... 15 – 29 2.1. Die Begriffe „Massenzwangsmigration“ und „Umsiedlung“, sowie „Bevölkerungsaustausch“ und „Deportation“ ....……........................... 15 – 17 2.2. Die Bedeutung des Ersten Weltkrieges für die Minderheiten in Europa ………………………………....…….................................…….. 17 – 20 2.3. Die Bedeutung des Ersten Weltkrieges für die Geschichts- wissenschaft und deren Einfluss während des Zweiten Weltkrieges ... 20 – 29 3. Die Annexion, Umsiedlung und Neuordnung während des Zweiten Weltkrieges bis zur Kriegswende. Das Konzept der „Germanisierung“ ............................……........................................... 30 – 132 3.1. Der Begriff „Volksdeutsch“ ....……....................................…...……….. 30 – 33 3.2. Die Aufteilung Polens und die ideologische Rechtfertigung der Umsiedlung im Nationalsozialismus ....…….................................…….
    [Show full text]
  • Guides to German Records Microfilmed at Alexandria, Va
    GUIDES TO GERMAN RECORDS MICROFILMED AT ALEXANDRIA, VA. No. 32. Records of the Reich Leader of the SS and Chief of the German Police (Part I) The National Archives National Archives and Records Service General Services Administration Washington: 1961 This finding aid has been prepared by the National Archives as part of its program of facilitating the use of records in its custody. The microfilm described in this guide may be consulted at the National Archives, where it is identified as RG 242, Microfilm Publication T175. To order microfilm, write to the Publications Sales Branch (NEPS), National Archives and Records Service (GSA), Washington, DC 20408. Some of the papers reproduced on the microfilm referred to in this and other guides of the same series may have been of private origin. The fact of their seizure is not believed to divest their original owners of any literary property rights in them. Anyone, therefore, who publishes them in whole or in part without permission of their authors may be held liable for infringement of such literary property rights. Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 58-9982 AMERICA! HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION COMMITTEE fOR THE STUDY OP WAR DOCUMENTS GUIDES TO GERMAN RECOBDS MICROFILMED AT ALEXAM)RIA, VA. No* 32» Records of the Reich Leader of the SS aad Chief of the German Police (HeiehsMhrer SS und Chef der Deutschen Polizei) 1) THE AMERICAN HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION (AHA) COMMITTEE FOR THE STUDY OF WAE DOCUMENTS GUIDES TO GERMAN RECORDS MICROFILMED AT ALEXANDRIA, VA* This is part of a series of Guides prepared
    [Show full text]
  • MB Bulletin.Fall Final 04
    8 California Mennonite Historical Society Bulletin California Mennonite Historical Society Bulletin 9 RecapturingRecapturing tthehe RRussianussian MennoniteMennonite SStorytory by Paul Toews and Walter Unger o celebrate the bicenten- Researchers from seven photos by Johannes Dyck nial of the founding of countries presented thirty- Molochna, the largest seven papers at the June MennoniteT settlement in Tsarist conference. Ceremonial events and Soviet Russia, a major were held at three Molochna academic conference, “Molochna village sites, as well as in the and Its Neighbors” was held city of Dnepropetrovsk. The in several southern Ukranian major event was the unveiling “After the winter, the centers, notably Zaporozhye and of the Settler’s Monument in Melitopol, in June 2004. Halbstadt/Molochansk, with renewal of spring was Mennonites are a confessional Canadian Ambassador Andrew group that migrated from Robinson participating. Canadian sixteenth-century Holland to novelist, Rudy Wiebe, addressed a metaphor for what Poland to Russia/Ukraine, and Ukrainian university students at then disbursed to many countries. the historic Potemkin Palace in has been happening to There are over half a million Dnepropetrovsk. Russian Mennonite descendants Conference organizer, Mennonite-Ukrainian in North America. For the past University of Toronto historian decade, these descendents have Harvey Dyck, was unable been returning to Ukraine in to attend due to illness. His relationships.” considerable numbers as scholars colleagues and friends rallied and tourists. A renovated to mount the conference and its historic-girls’ school now serves events. Co-chairs were Canadian as a Mennonite regional relief historian, John Staples, and center, specializing in medical Ukrainian geographer, Nikolai and educational projects.
    [Show full text]
  • Resilience and Shadow of Collective Trauma: the Mennonites' Great
    ABSTRACT RESILIENCE AND SHADOW OF COLLECTIVE TRAUMA: THE MENNONITES’ GREAT TRAUMATIC TREK TO CANADA Mennonites living in Russia at the start of the Bolshevik Revolution in 1917 entered into a climate of almost relentless violence. Mennonites are a Protestant group that formed during the 16th century Reformation. Long-term psychological implications of these events continue for remaining survivors and their offspring to this day. In this study, four memoirs of Mennonite survivors were analyzed to learn how traumatic experiences were narrated in their lifetime. A literature review explored features associated with individual and collective experiences of trauma. Placing each writer into their shared historical context was presented to understand both collective and unique features of their experiences. Common themes that emerged in the memoirs demonstrated both resilience and challenges in expressing emotions, facing physical challenges, processing transitions, and coping. Lastly, differing experiences with attachment were discovered for each writer and inferences were drawn to the intergenerational transmission of trauma. The findings of this study can speak to how social workers may contextualize trauma with biopsychosocial intakes that are broad in scope. Therapeutic interventions were presented that take collective features of trauma into consideration instead of solely individualizing trauma outcomes. Macro-level social work practice with geriatric populations, organizational transformation, and policy change were recommended. Jeanine
    [Show full text]
  • Mennonite Life
    MENNONITE LIFEJUNE 1991 In this Issue The Mennonite encounter with National Socialism in the 1930s and 1940s remains a troubling event in Mennonite history, even as the memory of World War II and the Holocaust continue to sear the conscience of Western civilization. How could such evil happen? How could people of good will be so compromised? Mennonites have been a people of two kingdoms. Their loyalty to Christ’s kingdom has priority, but they also believe and confess, in the words of the Dortrecht Confession (1632) that “ God has ordained power and authority, and set them to punish the evil, and protect the good, to govern the world, and maintain countries and cities with their subjects in good order and regulation.” The sorting out of heavenly and worldly allegiances has never been simple. Rulers in all times and places, from Phillip II in the Spanish Netherlands to George Bush in the Persian Gulf region, have claimed to fulfill a divine mandate. In his time Adolf Hitler offered protection from anarchy and from communism. There should be no surprise that some Mennonites, especially recent victims of Russian Communism, found the National Socialist program attractive. In this issue three young Mennonite scholars, all of whom researched their topics in work toward master’s degrees, examine the Mennonite response to National Socialism in three countries: Paraguay, Germany, and Canada. John D. Thiesen, archivist at Mennonite Library and Archives at Bethel College, recounts the story as it unfolded in Paraguay. This article is drawn from his thesis completed at Wichita State University in 1990.
    [Show full text]
  • TABLE of CONTENTS the JOHN HENRY BISCHOFF FAMILY HISTORY As Told to Garnot Bischoff
    TABLE OF CONTENTS THE JOHN HENRY BISCHOFF FAMILY HISTORY As Told to Garnot Bischoff .................................................... 1 MUTUAL FIRE INSURANCE OF THE GERMAN COLONISTS IN THE SARATOV AND SAMARA PROVINCES Alexander Dupper .......................................................... 13 FIRST DAKOTA CONFERENCE GERMAN BAPTIST CHURCH Garvin Bertsch ............................................................. 17 THE GERMAN SETTLEMENTS IN THE CRIMEA Th. Eisenbraun Translated by Jo Ann Kuhr .................................................. 19 BOOK REVIEW Adam Giesinger ............................................................ 27 IT WILL SOON BE TOO LATE Dona Reeve s-Marquardt ..................................................... 28 SUMMARY OF AND PROBLEMS RELATING TO DIALECTAL AND ETHNOGRAPHICAL STUDIES OF GERMAN SETTLEMENTS IN THE U.S.S.R. Viktor Maksimovich Zhirmunskii Translated by Alexander Dupper .............................................. 29 FROM THE DIARY OF WALTER BUROW Translated by Solomon L. Loewen ............................................. 33 BOOKS AND ARTICLES RECENTLY ADDED TO THE AHSGR ARCHIVES Frances Amen and Mary Lynn Tuck ........................................... 40 THE VOLGA-GERMAN CATHOLIC VILLAGE OF JOSEFSTAL Edward Roy Gerk .......................................................... 45 THE STORY OF CHRISTINA TETZ NEFF GOURLAY Flossie Libra ............................................................... 51 MEETING OUR RELATIVES IN BRAZIL Ann (Geier) Herrman As Told to Lawrence A. Weigel ..............................................
    [Show full text]
  • The German Identity Op Mennonite Brethren Immigrants in Canada, 1930-1960
    THE GERMAN IDENTITY OP MENNONITE BRETHREN IMMIGRANTS IN CANADA, 1930-1960 by BENJAMIN WALL REDEKOP B.A., Fresno Pacific College, 1985 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF HISTORY in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY We accept this thesis as conforming to the required standard THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA September 1990 ©BENJAMIN WALL REDEKOP, 1990 In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for an advanced degree at the University of British Columbia, I agree that the Library shall make it freely available for reference and study. I further agree that permission for extensive copying of this thesis for scholarly purposes may be granted by the head of my department or by his or her representatives. It is understood that copying or publication of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. Department of l4i£4p/' The University of British Columbia Vancouver, Canada Date DE-6 (2/88) ii ABSTRACT Little scholarly research has been done on the function of Germanism among Mennonites who immigrated to Canada from Russia in the 1920's, and what has been done often relies on an oversimplified "desire for separation" to explain the phenomenon. At the same time, it has been argued that the enthusiasm for Nazi Germany among Mennonite immigrants in Canada is to be understood as part of a larger "Volks-German awakening". In fact, the Mennonite experience of brutal treatment during the Bolshevik Revolution, the economic conditions of the Great Depression, and assinflationist pressures from Canadian society put them in a naturally receptive position for the cultural, political and ethnic ideas associated with the "new Germany".
    [Show full text]
  • Historical Dictionary of Air Intelligence
    Historical Dictionaries of Intelligence and Counterintelligence Jon Woronoff, Series Editor 1. British Intelligence, by Nigel West, 2005. 2. United States Intelligence, by Michael A. Turner, 2006. 3. Israeli Intelligence, by Ephraim Kahana, 2006. 4. International Intelligence, by Nigel West, 2006. 5. Russian and Soviet Intelligence, by Robert W. Pringle, 2006. 6. Cold War Counterintelligence, by Nigel West, 2007. 7. World War II Intelligence, by Nigel West, 2008. 8. Sexspionage, by Nigel West, 2009. 9. Air Intelligence, by Glenmore S. Trenear-Harvey, 2009. Historical Dictionary of Air Intelligence Glenmore S. Trenear-Harvey Historical Dictionaries of Intelligence and Counterintelligence, No. 9 The Scarecrow Press, Inc. Lanham, Maryland • Toronto • Plymouth, UK 2009 SCARECROW PRESS, INC. Published in the United States of America by Scarecrow Press, Inc. A wholly owned subsidiary of The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc. 4501 Forbes Boulevard, Suite 200, Lanham, Maryland 20706 www.scarecrowpress.com Estover Road Plymouth PL6 7PY United Kingdom Copyright © 2009 by Glenmore S. Trenear-Harvey All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Information Available Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Trenear-Harvey, Glenmore S., 1940– Historical dictionary of air intelligence / Glenmore S. Trenear-Harvey. p. cm. — (Historical dictionaries of intelligence and counterintelligence ; no. 9) Includes bibliographical references. ISBN-13: 978-0-8108-5982-1 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN-10: 0-8108-5982-3 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN-13: 978-0-8108-6294-4 (eBook) ISBN-10: 0-8108-6294-8 (eBook) 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Ambassador Morgenthau's Story
    Formerly American Ambassador to Turkey ILLUSTRATED Fig. 1. HENRY I MORGENTHAU, American Ambassador at Constantinople from 1913 to 1916 GARDEN CITY NEW YORK DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & COMPANY 1918 . TO WOODROW WILSON THE EXPONENT IN AMERICA OF THE ENLIGHTENED PUBLIC OPINION OF THE WORLD, WHICH HAS DECREED THAT THE RIGHTS OF SMALL NATIONS SHALL BE RESPECTED AND THAT SUCH CRIMES AS ARE DESCRIBED IN THIS BOOK SHALL NEVER AGAIN DARKEN THE PAGES OF HISTORY Page 1 of 191 . PREFACE By this time the American people have probably become convinced that the Germans deliberately planned the conquest of the world. Yet they hesitate to convict on circumstantial evidence and for this reason all eye witnesses to this, the greatest crime in modern history, should volunteer their testimony. I have therefore laid aside any scruples I had as to the propriety of disclosing to my fellow countrymen the facts which I learned while representing them in Turkey. I acquired this knowledge as the servant of the American people, and it is their property as much as it is mine. I greatly regret that I have been obliged to omit an account of the splendid activities of the American Missionary and Educational Institutions in Turkey, but to do justice to this subject would require a book by itself. I have had to omit the story of the Jews in Turkey for the same reasons. My thanks are due to my friend, Mr. Burton J. Hendrick, for the invaluable assistance he has rendered in the preparation of the book. HENRY MORGENTHAU. October, 1918. Page 2 of 191 CONTENTS I.
    [Show full text]