French Perspectives on Media, Participation and Audiences

French Perspectives on Media, Participation and Audiences Edited by Céline Ségur French Perspectives on Media, Participation and Audiences Céline Ségur Editor French Perspectives on Media, Participation and Audiences Editor Céline Ségur Centre de recherche sur les mediations (CREM) Université de Lorraine Metz, France ISBN 978-3-030-33345-4 ISBN 978-3-030-33346-1 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33346-1 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Cover image: 08_Maram_shutterstock.com Cover design: eStudioCalamar This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG. The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland ABOUT THE BOOK aND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The idea of a book on media, participation and audiences came about fol- lowing the publication of a series of seminars, studies and discussions between the members of the Centre de recherche sur les médiations (CREM, Université de Lorraine, France) as part of its 2013–2017 scientific pro- gramme “Faire public”. As there is still not enough scientific dialogue between French-speaking and English-speaking researchers with regard to these internationally relevant issues, the Centre de recherche sur les média- tions (CREM) decided to support and fund our editorial project to trans- late French-speaking research. I am grateful to the Centre de recherche sur les médiations (CREM) for its encouragement, help and support. The chapters presented here have already undergone peer review for publication in French (except for Chap. 1): they are excerpted from three collective works and one journal published between 2015 and 2018: Dakhlia J., dir. 2015, À la recherche des publics populaires (1). Faire peuple, Nancy, Éditions universitaires de Lorraine, série «Actes», 26, 250 p. Dakhlia J., Le Nozach D., Ségur C., dirs, 2016, À la recherche des publics populaires (2). Être peuple, Nancy, Éditions universitaires de Lorraine, série «Actes», 33, 218 p. Ballarini L., Ségur C., 2018, Devenir public. Modalités et enjeux, Éd. Mare & Martin, collection «MediaCritic», 191 p. Journal Études de communication, 47, published in 2016, Université Lille 3. I would like to thank the publishers for their agreements: Stéphane Chaudiron (co-director of the Journal Études de communication), Gaël v vi AbOut tHe BOOK and AcKnOWledgments Martin (Mare & Martin), and Maurice Rausch (Presses universitaires de Lorraine—Éditions universitaires de Lorraine). And many thanks to the authors for their enthusiasm and help to contribute to this project. At times, they had to update certain elements of their work due to political and/or media changes with regard to the analysed situations. We asked the company Coup de Puce to work on the translation of the texts. Most often, a productive dialogue ensued between the translators and the authors, which helped refine their stances. In particular, we had to question ourselves about the translation of terms and concepts (public, audience, people, becoming public) and their variety of meanings in each language. As the book forwards empirical study cases about various con- texts sometimes unfamiliar to English readers, we tried to explain to our best. I want to thank all of them (translators and authors) for the quality of the exchanges. Finally I would like to thank Lucy Batrouney for considering this project and supporting the publication. CONTENTS 1 French Perspectives on Media, Participation and Audiences: Introduction 1 Céline Ségur Part I Participatory Formats 17 2 Harnessing the Potential of the “Demotic Turn” to Authoritarian Ends: Caller Participation and Weaponized Communication on US Conservative Talk Radio Programs 19 Sébastien Mort 3 From Layperson to TV Celebrity? Televising the Sovereign People in the French Debate Program Parole de Candidat (TF1, 2012) 45 Sheila Perry 4 The People During the Presidential Elections on French TV: Announcement of the Election Results and Audience Representations 69 Stéphanie Kunert, Frédéric Lambert, and Beatriz Sanchez vii viii COntents 5 From Televised Media Space to Internet Hypermedia: How Much Room Is There for the Opinions of Ordinary People? 91 Sébastien Rouquette Part II Audiences and the Public Sphere 107 6 Television Audiences and Digital Social Networks: In Between an Experience and a Commitment 109 Céline Ségur 7 Online Communication of African Francophone Women Dealing with Infertility: Practices in the Face of Different Asymmetric Relationships 125 Emmanuelle Simon 8 Not All Fans Leave a Trace: The Case of a Digital Comic Serial Inspired by Television Series 149 Julien Falgas 9 The Contingencies of Becoming Public: Lessons from an Unachieved Revolution 165 Smaïn Laacher and Cédric Terzi Index 203 NOTES ON CONTRIBUTORS Julien Falgas is an associate professor (Information and Communication Sciences) at the Université de Lorraine (France), Centre de recherche sur les mediations. After a thesis dedicated to the sources of narrative innova- tion, it emerged that authors and journalists had to deal with a digital ecosystem dominated by a couple of way to discover and share contents, both conceived in order to sustain the advertisement business model. That’s why Falgas devised a way to build a large federated meshwork, where people would cross around contents that matter to them. The valo- rization of this idea through the needle.univ-lorraine.fr project appears as a breaching experiment. Stéphanie Kunert is an associate professor at the Université Lumière Lyon 2 (France). She is member of the Équipe de recherche de Lyon en Sciences de l’information et de la communication (Elico). Her research deal both with contemporary forms of engagement on digital social networks, and with construction and communication of public issues. Smaïn Laacher is Professor of Sociology at the Université de Strasbourg (France), where he is member of the scientific council of the Faculty of Social Sciences. He is a member of the research center Dynamiques Européennes. From 1998 to 2018 he was Assessing Judge representing the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) at the National Asylum Court (Paris, France). He is the author of Croire à l’incroyable. Un sociologue à la cour nationale du droit d’asile (2018, Gallimard). ix x NOTES ON CONTRIBUTORS Frédéric Lambert is Professor at the Université Paris 2 (France), Institut français de presse, where he is head of the master “Media, languages and societies”. He is Director of the information and communication sciences doctoral school. His research focuses on images and media semiotics; in particular he questions the processes of denunciation and the forms of adherence to the objects of mediacultures. Sébastien Mort is Associate Professor of American Studies at the Université de Lorraine in Metz (France). His research focus is political partisanship in the US news media and the conservative resurgence of the late twentieth century, with an emphasis on the communication and media strategies of the GOP and the conservative movement, and the way they harness antimedia politics. His publications in English include “Tailoring Dissent on the Airwaves: The Role of Conservative Talk Radio in the Right-Wing Resurgence of 2010” in New Political Science: A Journal of Politics and Culture (2012). His project addresses Trump’s intimidation of the news media and the ways in which the Trump presidency forces media scholars and practitioners to reassess journalistic practices and norms in the post-broadcast media regime. Sheila Perry is an associate-assistant professor at the University of Nottingham (UK), affiliated to the Laboratoire Communication et Politique in Paris (CNRS-IRISSO, Université Paris Dauphine) and co- founder of the French Media Research Group (UK). She has edited and contributed to a number of volumes on contemporary France, including (with Raymond Kuhn) the 2017 French Presidential Election and the Media: une campagne inédite?, Nottingham French Studies, Vol. 57, No. 2, 2018. Sébastien Rouquette is Professor of Information and Communication Sciences at the Université Clermont Auvergne (France), where he heads the Communication and Societies Research Laboratory (ÉA 4647). He has recently published

Load more