INDEX

A Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb Aashbi, Ali Al-, 158 (AQIM), 187, 192, 193, 195, Abdallah Azzam Brigades, 74 205–206, 218, 219, 255, 264 Abdelkader, Omar, 224 Al-Wasat Party, 131 Abdelkader, Suleiman, 163 Amal, 58, 61 Abdel Rahman, Omar, 160 An-Nahda (Tunisia), 3, 23, 92, 143, Aboubecrine Ould Ahmed, 261 146, 178–191, 193–195 Abu Nasr, Hamid, 131 An-Nour party, 130 Abu Sahmain, Nuri, 167 Ansar al-Sharia, 169, 170, 178, 183, Abu Salim’s Martyrs Brigade, 169 185–188, 191–194 Abu Yahya, 171 Ansar Beit Al Maqdis, 145 , 259 Aoun, Michel, 61 Adami, Lahbib, 219 Arish, Muhammad, 167 Ahmed Ould Daddah, 258 Armed Islamic Group (GIA), 17, 159, Akif, Muhammad Mahdi, 136 171, 205, 206, 218, 219, 224 Al-Ansar association, 85 Ar’ur, Adnan al-, 86 Al-Badil al-Hadari (Civilising Asala Party, 130, 138, 142 Alternative), 245 Assad, Bashar al-, 83, 86, 87, 91, 93, Al Fadila Party, Egypt, 138 99, 100 Al-Fadila (Virtue) party, Assad, Hafez al-, 82, 85, 87, 90, 91 , 252, 257 Association of Algerian Muslim Al-Haraka min Ajl al-Umma Ulema, 204 (Movement for the Ummah), 245 Association of Guidance and Al-Qaeda, 2, 3, 19, 30, 145, Charity, 204, 208 155, 159, 161, 187, 192, Assyd, Sami, 186 205, 255, 265 Atatürk, Mustafa Kemal, 36, 53

© The Author(s) 2017 273 F. Izquierdo Brichs et al. (eds.), Political Islam in a Time of Revolt, Islam and , DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-52833-5 274 INDEX

Attar, Isam al-, 88 Bourguiba, Habib, 179, 190 Authenticity and Modernity Party Bouslimani, Mohamed, 209 (PAM), 240, 243 Bouteflika, Abdelaziz, 206, 211, 217, Ayyad, Abu, 186, 187 219, 220, 223, 224 Ayyoubi, Azzam al-, 66, 69 Bouyali, Mustafa, 204, 205 Azzam, Abdallah, 74, 160 Buh, Saad, 251 Buti, Said Ramadan al-, 83, 85

B Ba’ath, Arab Socialist Party, 82, 85, C 86, 88 Chebouti, Abdelkader, 83, 85 Baba, Sidiya, 251 Chigara, Nouredin, 224 Badie, Mohammed, 130 Constitutional and Democratic Badi, Salah, 165 Popular Movement Badr Al Din, Mustafa, 60 (MPCD), 236, 238, 239 Badreddine, Mustafa, 77 Construction and Development Baghdadi, Abu Bakr al-, 170 Party, 130 Banna, Hasan al-, 84, 128, 134, 148, 157 Bayanouni, Ali al-, 86, 90, 99 D Belhadj, Abdelhakim, 165 Belhadj, Ali, 208, 210, 212, 221, 224 Davutoglu, Ahmet, 42 Belhaj, Abdelhakim, 163, 196, 197 Democratic Alliance, 130 Belhaj, Ridha, 180 Democratic Party, 29, 36, 43, 136 Ben Ali, 137, 179, 190 Derbal, Abdelwahab, 219 Ben Badis, 205 Derby, Salim, 169 Ben Brik, Hassen, 186 Dhina, Mourad, 210 Bendjedid, Chadli, 203, 219 Djaballah, Saad Abdellah, 207, – Benkiran, Abd al-Ilah, 245 209 211, 214, 217, 219, Bennabi, Malek, 205 220, 223 Berri, Nabih, 61 Bilal, Muhammad, 169 Bin Abdel Aziz, Nayif, 132 E Bin Laden, Osama, 19, 30, 158, 159, Egyptian Islamic Jihad, 144 161, 258 El Baradei, Mohamed, 135, 137 Bin Laden, Tarek, 258 El Hassen Ould Moulay Ely, 259 Bin Qumu, Sufian, 169 El Hor party, 259 bin Suleiman, Salah Fathi, 171 , 252 Bin Uthman, Numan, 162 En-Nahda (Algeria), 204, 206–209, Bouddah Ould Bousseyri, 258, 266 211–214, 216–220, 222, 223 Boudiaf, Mohamed, 205 Erbakan, Necmettin, 37, 38, 40, 41, Boukhamkham, Abdelkader, 218, 224 46, 49, 51 INDEX 275

Erdogan, Recep Tayip, 26, 37, 38, Harakat al-Islah wa-l-Tajdid 40–43, 45–49, 52 (Movement for Reform and Essebsi, Beji Caid, 188 Renewal (MRR), 235 Harakat al- Tawhid wa-l-Islah (Unicity and Reform Movement F (MUR), 229, 234–239, 242, 244 Fatah, 2, 105–107, 109, 113–117, Harakat al-Yaqza wa-l-Fadila 119, 122, 123, 142 (Vigil and Virtue Movement Fayad, Ali, 77 (MVV)), 242 fi Federation of Islamic Organisations Hariri, Ra c, 60, 61, 64, 65, 67, in Europe (FIOE), 132 73, 76 Fizazi, Muhammad, 243 Hariri, Saad, 65, 73, 78 Frangieh, Suleiman, 61 Harmoush, Asad, 66 Hassadi, Abdulhakim al-, 169 Hassun, Ahmad, 83 Hawali, Safar al-, 160 G Hawrani, Akram al-, 84, 85, 88 fi – Gadda , Muammar Al-, 40, 153 158, Hawwa, Sa`id, 89 – – 160 163, 166 168, 171, 172 Hezbollah, 57–64, 67, 68, 70, 72–78 Gemazi, Kamal, 224 Hizb Al Asala, 185 Ghaddaf, Ahmed, 170 Hizb al-Tajammu‘al-Watani li-l-Ahrar Ghoul, Amar, 219 (National Assembly of Gülen, Fethullah, 44 Independents (RNI)), 242 Gülen, movement, 39, 44, 45, 50, Hizb Arrahma, 185 52, 54 Hizb ut-Tahrir, 30, 104, 109, 110, 116, 117, 120, 121, 178–183, 185–188, 190, 191, H 193, 195 Habib, Mohamed, 135 Hout, Imad al, 66, 68 Hachani, Abdekader, 208, 210, 218 Haddam, Anwar, 210 Haftar, Khalifa, 167–169, 173 I Hamas, 3, 16, 67, 92, 103–120, 122, Ibrahim, Anwar, 26 123, 132, 140, 214 Ibrahimi, Ahmed Taleb, 210, 214 Hamden Ould Tah, 265, 266 Idris I, 155 Hamza, Mahmoud, 165 Initiative for the Resurgence of the Haniye, Ismail, 105 Abolitionist Movement Happiness Party (Saadet (IRA), 249, 266 Partisi), 37, 40 İnönü, Mustafa İsmet, 36 Harakat al-Islah al-Watani International Association of Solidarity (al-Islah), 206–208, 214, 217, with Political Prisoners 220, 223, 235 (AISPP), 180 276 INDEX

Islamic Alliance Movement Jama´at al-Da´wa wa´l-Tabligh, 15, (IAM), 155 155, 255, 258, 261 Islamic Al-Mustaqbal Association, 262 Jama‘at al-Adl wa-l-Ihsan (Community Islamic Armed Movement of Justice and Spirituality (MIA), 205, 218 (JS), 229–234, 244, 245 Islamic Front (IF), 84, 93 Jama’a Al-Islamiya, 78, 130, 159 Islamic Front for Armed Jihad Jama’a Islamiya (Islamic Association (FIDA), 205, 214, 219 (JI)), 58, 65, 66, 68, 69, 76 Islamic Jihad (), 158, 171 Jamiy’at al-Irshad wa al-Islah Islamic Jihad (Palestine), 104, (Association of Orientation and 107–109, 112, 113, 116, 120 Reform), 209, 215 Islamic Liberation Party, 158 Jamiy’at en-Nahda li-Islah az-zaqafi wa Islamic Martyrs Movement al-ijtima’I (Association of Rebirth (IMM), 158 for Cultural and Social Islamic Political Movement in Reform), 209, 223 Mauritania (Harakat al Siyasiyya Jibril, Mahmoud, 163, 165–168 al Islamiyya fi Muritaniyya, Jordanian Islamic Action Front, 25 or Hasim), 258, 259, 261 Jund Ansar Allah, 113 Islamic Salvation Army (AIS), 205, Justice and Construction Party (JCP) 210, 211, 218, 219, 223 (Hizb Al-Adala Wal- Islamic Salvation Front (FIS), 2, Bina), 163–168 204–214, 216–224 Justice and Development Party (Adalet Islamic Socialist Bloc, 88 ve Kalkınma Partisi, AKP), 3, 25, Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant 37–42, 45–53, 165 (IS-Daesh) (al-Dawlah Justice and Development Party (Hizb al-Islamiyyah fi al-Iraq wa al-Adala wa-l-Tanmiyya al-Sham), 2–3, 16, 19, 30, 74, (PJD)), 3, 22, 229, 234–245 97, 145–147, 155, 168, 171, 178, 189, 190, 192–195 Islamic Workers’ Union (SIT), 209 K Islamic Youth Shura Council Kaftaru, Ahmad, 85 (IYSC), 170 Karama Party, 130 Islamist Alliance, 130 Karmat, Kemal, 43 Istiqlal, 240, 242 Kefaya, 134, 136, 148, 149 Izz al-Din al-Qassam Brigades, 105, 107 Khaddam, Abdel-Halim, 92 Khatib, Mu’az al-, 86 Khomeini, 63 J Jabari, Ahmad al-, 106 Jabhat al-Nusra (JN), 74, 93 L Jabhat Fath al-Sham, 93, 97 León, Bernardino, 169 Jadhran, Ibrahim, 169 Libi, Anas al-, 171 INDEX 277

Libyan Islamic Fighting Group Mohamed Ould Cheikh Mohamed (LIFG), 155, 158, 159, 161–163, (Ghazouani), 253 165, 169, 172 Mohamed Ould Sidi Yahya, 258, 261 Libyan Islamic Group, 157 Mohamed Salem Ould Local Coordination Committees Addoud, 266 (LCC), 83 Mohammed VI, 243 Moktar el Hacen Ould Dedew, 265 M , 255 Maaouya Ould Sid’Ahmed Moktar Ould Mohamed Ould, 250 Moussa, 259, 260 Madani, Abbasi, 208, 210, 224 Moroccan Islamic Combat Group Mady, Abou Elela, 131, 148 (GCIM), 159 Magarief, Mohamed, 167 Morsi, Mohamed, 15, 16, 70, Mahatir bin Mohamad, 26 138–142, 144, 184 Mashal, Khaled, 105, 132 Motherland Party (ANAP), 43 Masri, Ibrahim al-, 66 Movement for an Islamic Society Matiq, Ahmed, 167 (MSI, later MSP), 207 Maududi, Abu Ala, 205 Movement for an Islamic State Mawlawi, Faysal, 65, 66 (MEI), 205, 218, 219 Mekhloufi, Said, 205, 218 Movement for Preaching and Change Menasra, Abdelmajid, 217 (MPC), 217 Messaoud Ould Boulkheir, 259 Movement of Society for Peace Mezrag, Madani, 210 (MSP), 206–209, 211, 213–220, Mhishhish, Muhammad Al-, 158 222–224 Military Council for Justice and Movement of the Disinherited (CMJD), 252, (Ḥarakat al-maḥrumin 265, 269 (MD)), 58 Mitri, Tarek, 169 Mubarak, Hosni, 30, 70, 129, 130, Mohaisany, Muhammad al-, 160 133–135, 138, 141, 148, 149 Mohamed El-Hacen Ould Mughniyya, Mustafa, 60 Dedew, 259–261 Mugniyya, Imad, 59–60 Mohamed El Moustapha Ould Muslim Brotherhood (MB) Ahmedoud, 261 (Al-Ikhwan Al-Muslimun), 2, 3, Mohamed Jemil Ould Mansour, 257, 18, 23–25, 58, 64–66, 69, 81, 82, 259, 260, 263, 266–268 84, 95, 99, 104, 107, 112, 123, Mohamed Khouna Ould 128–130, 132–148, 155, 157, Haidallah, 251 158, 161, 163–165, 167, 171, Mohamed Mahmoud Ould Abdallah 172, 179, 190, 211, 213, 244, Ould Boye, 266 259, 260, 262 Mohamed Ould Abdel Mustafa, Ezzadin Ibrahim, 155 Aziz, 250, 253 Mustaqbal, 67, 73, 235, 245, 262 278 INDEX

N Nabhani, Taqiuddin al-, 109 (PAGN), 259 Nadi al-Fikr al-Islami (Circle of Islamic Nation Party (NP) (Hizb Thought), 245 Al-Watan), 165 Nahnah, Mahfoud, 207, 209, 214, 219 Negri, Felix, 253 Naqshabandiya, 85 Nidaa Tounes, 188 Nasrallah, Hassan, 59, 62, 64 Nurcus, 46 Nasser, Gamal Abd al-, 14, 30, 129, Nursi, Said, 44 131, 148, 169 National Association for Change, 136, 137 O National Coalition for Syrian Oqbi, Tayeb el-, 208 Revolutionary and Organisation des Jeunes Algériens Forces or National Coalition Libres (OJAL), 224 (NC), 91 Organisation of Jihad in National Democratic Party (NDP), 136 Mauritania, 258 (NFA), 165, Organisation of Muslims in 166 Mauritania, 258 National Gathering for Freedom, Ould Cheikh Abdallahi, Sidi Justice and Development, 165 Mohamed, 250, 253, 257, 264 National Honour Pact, 91, 93 Outhmane Ould Abi El Maali, 252 National Liberation Front Ouyahia, Ahmed, 224 (FLN), 206, 207, 209, 219, 221 National Order Party (Millî Nizam Partisi, MNP), 37, 38 P National Pact for Development and Democracy Palestine Liberation Organisation (PNDD-ADIL), 253 (PLO), 115, 119 National Pact for the Future Syria, 94 Palestinian National Authority National Popular Movement (PNA), 104, 106, 110, 112, 114, (MNP), 240 115, 118, 121, 122 National Salvation Front, 92, 93 Party for Democratic Convergence National Salvation Party (Millî Selâmet (PCD), 260, 262, 263 ’ Partisi, MSP), 37, 38, 41 People s Progressive Alliance National Security Council (APP), 259 (MGK), 49 National Transition Council (NTC), 163, 168 Q National Union of Mauritanian Qadi, Abdelwahab, 165 Students, 257 Qaradawi, al-, 163 National Union of Moroccan Qassam, Izz al-Din al-, 105, 107, Students, 230 108, 123 INDEX 279

Qutb, Sayyid, 19, 30, 89, 99, 110, Salafist Group for Preaching and 157, 205 Combat (GSPC), 205, 206, 218, 219 Sallabi, Ali al-, 162, 163, 165 R Sallabi, Ismail al-, 163 Rabitat ad-daw’a, 218 Sant’Egidio Platform, 218, 219, 222 Rabitat al-Mustaqbal al-Islami Sawan, Muhammad, 163 (League of Islamic Future), Seraj, Fayez Al-, 169 235, 245 17th February revolution, 165 Rafalla al-Shihati (brigade), 163 Shabab al-Tawhid (the Youth Rafei, Salim, 72, 74, 75, 78 of Pure Monotheism), 191 Rafiqi, Abd al-Wahhab, 243 Shafiq, Ahmed, 138, 139 Rajjih, Karim, 86 Shahhal, Dai al Islam, 71, 73 Rally of Democratic Forces Shahhal, Hassan, 78 (RFD), 259 Shahhal, Salem al, 71 Ramid, Mustapha, 240 Shankiti, Muhammad al-, 160 Rantissi, Abdel Aziz Ali Abdulmajid Shaqfa, Muhammad Riad, 160 al-, 132 Sharif, Abu Bakr al-, 171, 172 Rayan, Nizar, 105 Sharif, Nawaz, 26 Raysuni, Ahmad al-, 235 Sheikh Omar Abdul Rahman Reform and Development Party brigades, 169 (RDP), 165 Shishakli, Adib, 88 Republican Party for Democratic and Siba`i, Mustapha al-, 84, 88, 89 Renewal (PRDR), 252 Sisi, Abd El Fatah Al-, 2, 21, Republican People’s Party 142–146, 184 (Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi, Slimane, Chemine, 215 CHP), 36, 39, 50 Socialist Forces Front (FFS), 207 Resurgence and Virtue Party (PRV) Socialist Union of Popular Forces (Hizb al-Nahda wa-l- (USFP), 30, 240 Fadila), 229, 232, 242–244 Soltani, Abdelatif, 203, 208 Rifa’i, Osama al-, 86 Soltani, Bouguerra, 219 Supreme Council of the Armed Forces (SCAF), 138, 148 S Syrian Muslim Brotherhood Sa`ad al-Din, Adnan, 89, 90 (SMB), 82–99 Saadi, Abu Munzer al-, 158 Syrian National Council (SNC), 91, Sadat, Anwar al-, 130, 133, 134, 144, 93, 98 148 Sadeq, Abu Abdallah, 158 Sadr, Musa, 58, 59 T Sahnoun, Ahmed, 208 Takfir wa al-Hijra (Excommunication Saif Al-Nasr, Mansour, 165 and Exodus), 218 280 INDEX

Taki Ould Mohamed Abdellahi, 261 U , 2, 142 Uthmani, Saad al-Din al-, 245 Tantawi, Mohammed, 138 Tarbel, Fathi, 162 Tarshani, Nasser al-, 169 W Tawassoul (Islamist National Walid, Mohammed Al-, 165 Rally for Reform and Walid, Muhammad Hikmat, 97 Development), 249, 250, Wali, Muhamed Sharif Al-, 167 252, 253, 257, 262, 264, Werchefani, Khaled al-, 165 265–268 Tayfur, Muhammad Faruq, 99 Thinni, Abdullah al-, 167 Y Touche Pas à Ma Nationalité, 249 Tounissiet Association for Women Yakan, Fathi, 65, 66 and Development, 182 Yasin, Abd al-Salam, 230, 231, 232, True Path Party (Dogru Yol Partisi, 234, 245 DYP), 43 Yeddi, Ali, 224 Tunisian Islamic Movement, 178, 179, 181 Tunisian National Dialogue Z Quartet, 184 Zahawi, Muhammad al-, 169 Turabi, Hassan al-, 159, 260 Zamzami, Abd al-Bari al-, 242 Turk, Riyad al-, 93 Zeidan, Ali, 167, 168 20 February Movement, 233, 240 , 253 25 January revolt, 131 Zuwawi, Awatha al-, 158