diversity Article Small-Scale Environmental Drivers of Plant Community Structure and Diversity in Neotropical Montane Cloud Forests Harboring Threatened Magnolia dealbata in Southern Mexico Reyna Domínguez-Yescas 1, José Antonio Vázquez-García 1,* , Miguel Ángel Muñiz-Castro 1 , Gerardo Hernández-Vera 1, Eduardo Salcedo-Pérez 2, Ciro Rodríguez-Pérez 3 and Sergio Ignacio Gallardo-Yobal 4 1 Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Departamento de Botánica y Zoología, Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco 45200, Mexico;
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[email protected] (G.H.-V.) 2 Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Departamento de Madera, Celulosa y Papel, Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco 45200, Mexico;
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[email protected]; Tel.: +52-33-2714-3490 Received: 30 September 2020; Accepted: 11 November 2020; Published: 24 November 2020 Abstract: Gradient analysis was used to determine factors driving small-scale variation of cloud forest communities harboring Magnolia dealbata, a threatened species and bioculturally relevant tree for the Chinantecan, Mazatecan, Nahuan, and Zapotecan ethnicities in southern Mexico. Particularly, we aimed to: (a) determine factors explaining major community gradients at different heterogeneity scales along a small-scale elevational gradient, (b) test the Decreasing and the Continuum hypotheses along elevation, and (c) classify vegetation to assist in identifying conservation priorities. We used a stratified random sampling scheme for 21 woody stands along a small-scale (352 m) elevational transect.