Dr. Windi D. Turner 1 FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

Introduction: Fashion has always been a staple as to how we have presented ourselves to the world, and how society has wanted to present men, women, and children to the world. Fashion has been influenced by many different factors throughout history.

Course Objective: Expand global awareness related to textiles, apparel, and dress relative to design, production, marketing, and consumption.

Goals: What is pop culture? What are the categories of pop culture? What are the Big Four of Fashion? How would you describe pop culture during each decade?

Materials:

I Love Lucy

70s Fashion FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

The term pop culture became mainstream in the 1980s. Before, the terms “popular” or “top” were used to describe:

ideas perspectives/attitudes images/memes other phenomena

Pop culture is anything that is widely accepted within a given culture and heavily influenced by the mass media and the Internet. In short, pop culture is anything with a buzz. FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture categories of pop culture: entertainment (movies, music, TV) sports news (people/places in the news) politics fashion/clothes technology slang

How would you describe current pop culture? FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

Fashion is a more global, cosmopolitan industry than ever, and some areas still hold colossal sway over the broader landscape. Fashion capitols are marked by their major influences in the fashion industry, such as: designers, aesthetics, and trends moving streetwear and high fashion internationally.

The Big Four of Fashion all have great contributions to the industry such as design, production, and retailing of fashion products. And, they all hold fashion weeks, awards, and trade fairs that generate significant economic output.

The Big Four of Fashion:

London Paris Milan New York FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

Disclosure: although quite a few cities could make a great influence on the world of fashion, the fashion capitals that most notably rule the roost are the Big Four. Let’s revisit these capitols.

Looking back on history, it’s easy to see how these capitals have become such important and influential focal points for fashion. Centuries ago, it was the richest imperial capitols which dictated fashion; thusly, London became one of the first fashion capitals of the world during the Elizabethan era.

Half a century later, when the Parisian fashion was most desired and admired, all the world looked up to the royal court of Louis XIV. Paris’s dominance endured until the 20th century when Coco Chanel and Yves Saint Laurent made the French capital the most important fashion city in the world. Paris remains the center of haute couture and the perfume industry today, though other cities continuously challenge it for the role of the world’s number one fashion capital (Fashion Days, 2014). FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

Trends and fashion changed more rapidly than ever during the 20th century, giving opportunity for new cities to shine and participate in forming the trends. That was also the era when New York had risen and became just as influential as London or Paris.

Likewise, Italy played an important role in fashion history. Florence, Rome, and Milan were the most favored destinations of artists during the centuries and the Italian Renaissance had a huge impact on European fashion for a very long time. Milan also emerged in the 20th century as a new fashion capital. Italian fashion houses provide a glamourous but practical option in ready-to-wear for the fashionistas, while Paris offers the more extravagant and rebellious collections (Fashion Days, 2014). FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

London

London emerged during the Elizabethan era as one of the first rich imperial capitols to dictate fashion.

London’s first Fashion Week was held in 1984 and featured high end couture, a sign that London was less likely to follow fashion trends.

Today, London fashions are extreme with avant-garde images by eminent and young designers prevalent. FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

Paris

As the world looked up to the royal court of Louis XIV, Parisian fashion was considered the most desired and admired.

During the 20th century, Paris was the most important fashion city.

Today, Paris is the world’s number one fashion capital. It is the center of haute couture apparel and the perfume industry. Admission to Fashion Week is by invitation only. FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

Milan

The Italian Renaissance influenced European fashion.

The 20th century Italian fashion houses were glamourous but practical with ready-to-wear for fashionistas while Paris was more extravagant and full of rebellious collections. FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

New York

While 20th century trends and fashion were changing more rapidly, New York became as influential as London or Paris.

In 1943, the first Fashion Week (now “Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week”) was held to distract attention from the French fashion during WWII. It is the most commercialized of the big fashion shows. Clothes are created ready-for-market; styles and designs are 'safer' than the other three locations; and it is the only show to allow fashion design students to participate.

Today, we see American relaxedness, practical casual and sportswear. FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

pop culture throughout the decades

Pop culture is the heart and soul of America, a unifying bridge across time bringing together generations of diverse backgrounds. Whether looking at the bright lights of the Jazz Age in the 1920s, the sexual and the rock-n-roll revolution of the 1960s, or the thriving social networking websites of today, each period in America's cultural history develops its own unique take on the qualities that define our lives (Batchelor, 2008).

Different trends and pop culture in areas from music, to technology, to cinema and television have all contributed to fashion throughout the decades.

Let’s take a glimpse throughout the decades … FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

1920s Highlights

"Roaring Twenties" or "Jazz Age” economic boom after WWI

19th Amendment (women’s vote) 1920

Chanel No. 5 perfume 1921

1st Macy’s Day Thanksgiving Parade 1924

1st Sears Roebuck retail store opens

Amelia Earhart 1928

Wall Street crash 1929 FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

1920s Highlights little black dress (LBD) by designer, Coco Chanel FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

1930s Highlights the Great Depression

The New Deal radio: comedic relief, soap operas, sports swing music

US official anthem 1931

Prohibition ended 1933

Dust Bowl 1934

Monopoly 1935

Snow White, Superman, VWs

WWII begins 1939 FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

1930s Highlights people were broke but didn't dress like it initials engraved or stitched on clothing women’s hats on the decline men wore fedoras and double-breasted overcoats boys wore short shorts and tall socks FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

1940s Highlights nylons on the market

Cheerios, M&Ms

Jeep, McDonald’s ballpoint pens, microwave oven, slinky

Pearl Harbor 1941

D-Day 1944 bikinis, Chick-fil-A 1946

NATO established 1949 FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

1940s Highlights comfort and glamour specific outfits for specific times of the day men- suits, ties, hats women- dresses, skirts; no slacks! but gloves! fur, animal skins bright colorful red, white, blue FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

1950s Highlights modern credit card

Peanuts cartoon color TV, Legos seat belts, Velcro

Princess Elizabeth is Queen at 25

1st Playboy magazine

DNA discovered 1953 segregation ruled illegal 1954

Disneyland opens 1955

Dr. Seuss’ The Cat in the Hat 1957

The Sound of Music on Broadway 1959 FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

1950s Highlights

Lucille Ball- first woman to show her pregnancy on television, bringing new attention to maternity wear in I Love Lucy stiletto heels/kitten heels FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

1950s Highlights pret-a-porter (ready-to-wear) led by the US - high fashion for the general population

US War Protection Board conducted a measurement survey of 100,000 women and created standardized sizing for the garment industry

3 C’s: Code, Conformity, Consumerism women upheld “wifey” roles of entertaining; it was all about the family/home FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

1960s Highlights birth control pill approved by the FDA

Andy Warhol designed the 1st Campbell’s Soup can

1st Wal-Mart opens 1961

MLKs I Have a Dream speech 1963

Beatles hit US 1964 miniskirts

Star Trek airs

1st Super Bowl 1967

Woodstock 1969

Neil Armstrong goes to the moon 1969 FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

1960s Highlights

Brigitte Bardot’s beehive geometric prints every fashion icon's signature style contributed to the decade era of the girl group, supermodel, and original IT- girls many fashion traditions were broken, mirroring momentous social and political changes of the decade no skirt was too short no beehive was too high FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

1960s Highlights

Twiggy – supermodel fame with her thick eyelashes and boyish pixie crop hair

Jackie Onassis – the original fashionable First Lady known for her prim skirt suits and pillbox hats

Audrey Hepburn – Breakfast at Tiffany’s the Supremes – beehives and all-sequin gowns led the way for girl groups and musicians FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

1960s Highlights

Sony and Cher – launched the hippie look with cool Californian style the Beatles – brought motorcycle jackets, (tighter) jeans or leather pants, cowboy boots, slick pompadour hair styles

“anything goes” = greater choices vests without the suit sports jackets with slacks versus suits suits with no tie mix matched patterns and colors FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

1970s Highlights computer floppy disk, VCRs pocket calculators

President Nixon resigns 1974

Microsoft founded 1975

Apple founded 1976

Star Wars released 1977

1st test tube baby born 1978

Sony introduces the Walkman 1979 FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

1970s Highlights polyester was the material of choice bright colors were everywhere both men and women wore very tight fitting pants and platform shoes most women wore high cut boots and low cut pants the best clothing was produced in the 1970s perfectly blended the mods (modernist subculture of the 1960s from the UK) with the hippies (liberal counterculture) FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

1970s Highlights skirts – traditional mini new midi (knee/ankle) maxi (floor length) pants – bell bottoms hip huggers leisure suits shirts – solids, loud prints, pointed collars accessories – beads, macramé peace signs FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

1980s Highlights

Pac Man, Rubik’s Cube

Royal wedding on TV 1981

AIDS identified

ET movie, Michael Jackson’s Thriller

Cabbage Patch Kids

PG-13 movie rating

Back to the Future movie 1985

Oprah Winfrey show is syndicated

World Wide Web invented 1989 FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

1980s Highlights bigger hair, bigger shoulder pads

The Breakfast Club- something we should all be eternally grateful for gadgets and video games made it to mainstream FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

1980s Highlights big hair- perm anyone?

Casio watches mum jeans and designer jeans power dressing FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

1980s Highlights double breasted everything cropped top fashion- embraced by dudes: “no shoes, no shirt, no dice” high-neck bathing suits conservative - or just preppy? FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

1990s Highlights

Nelson Mandela freed

Milli Vanilli lip sync scandal

Magic Johnson has HIV end of the Cold War 1992 eBay founded 1995

Harry Potter released 1997 fear of Y2K bug 1999 FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

1990s Highlights decade of Tevas and feathered bangs ran supreme your biggest worry was feeding your Tamagotchi and rearranging your butterfly clips if your sneakers weren’t Skechers, it was the end of the world if your skirt wasn’t actually a skort, you could forget about playing Pogs at recess FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

1990s Highlights

JanSport backpacks- any other brand, well, just go on home crimped hair- not to be confused with “quick braiding” jelly shoes bandanas- extra credit for wearing one as a top FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

1990s Highlights

Baby Gs- big watch = big deal overalls- cool kids had one strap down slap bracelets tattoo chokers- number = popularity pants in the workplace FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

1990s Highlights beach trip? = shell necklace butterfly clips - the more the merrier scrunchies bucket hats (yes, this happened) FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

2000s Highlights

Anthrax attacks

War in Iraq

Survivor reality show

911

Facebook 2004

Twitter 2006

Instagram, Pinterest 2010 FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

2000s Highlights so close, yet so far away, the first decade is a blast from the past

1960s, 70s, and 80s vintage clothing is revived

1990s minimalist look in high fashion eco friendly considerable influence from rap music FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

2000s Highlights peasant top – think the O.C. shiny pants neckties as belts

J. Lo’s Manolo Timberland-esque boots folded off-the-shoulder tops - usually striped and a bit too long in the arms FCSE 3080 Dress and Humanity Part 2: Fashion in Dress

Fashion and Pop Culture

2000s Highlights rapper clothing brands tall t’s and low pants trucker hats

Livestrong bracelets