CONCEPT OF FASHION BFA(F)- 101 CC1 Directorate of Distance Education SWAMI VIVEKANAND SUBHARTI UNIVERSITY MEERUT 250005 UTTAR PRADESH SIM MOUDLE DEVELOPED BY: Reviewed by the study Material Assessment Committed Comprising: 1. Dr. N.K.Ahuja, Vice Chancellor Copyright © Publishers Grid No part of this publication which is material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduce or transmitted or utilized or store in any form or by any means now know or here in after invented, electronic, digital or mechanical. Including, photocopying, scanning, recording or by any informa- tion storage or retrieval system, without prior permission from the publisher. Information contained in this book has been published by Publishers Grid and Publishers. and has been obtained by its author from sources believed to be reliable and are correct to the best of their knowledge. However, the publisher and author shall in no event be liable for any errors, omission or damages arising out of this information and specially disclaim and implied warranties or merchantability or fitness for any particular use. Published by: Publishers Grid 4857/24, Ansari Road, Darya ganj, New Delhi-110002. Tel: 9899459633, 7982859204 E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Printed by: A3 Digital Press Edition : 2021 CONTENTS 1. Introduction to Fashion 5-47 2. Fashion Forecasting 48-69 3. Theories of Fashion, Factors Affecting Fashion 70-96 4. Components of Fashion 97-112 5. Principle of Fashion and Fashion Cycle 113-128 6. Fashion Centres in the World 129-154 7. Study of the Renowned Fashion Designers 155-191 8. Careers in Fashion and Apparel Industry 192-217 9. Role & Responsibilities of a Fashion Designer 218-235 UNIT Introduction to Fashion 1 NOTES INTRODUCTION TO FASHION STRUCTURE 1.1 Learning Objective 1.2 Introduction 1.3 Terminologies of Fashion Concept of Fashion 1.4 Fad 1.5 Style 1.6 Student Activity 1.7 Summary 1.8 Glossary 1.9 Review Questions 1.1 LEARNING OBJECTIVE After studying this unit you should be able to: ● Explain the meaning and definition of Fashion. ● Describe the Terminologies of Fashion. ● Explain the fashion terms and their meaning. ● Enumerate the skills required for leather footwear. ● Explain the meaning and significance of Eyelets and Shoe Lacing System. ● Explain the fashion terms and their meaning. ● Describe the technology for modify of Fashion Style. 1.2 INTRODUCTION Fashion influences the senses of a person, who likes to wear and remain to the trends of the time. It also applies to the personal mode of expression which may or may not apply to the general public. Fashion can change within specific time limit and is constant only for minutes. By fashionable, one can mean as something which can fit in with the present famous expression mode. Fashion is a concept which is linked in a positive way with beauty, style and glamour. In a way, fashion is a sort of an art with which a culture is examined with the belief of beauty and goodness. This is used in a negative concept too, as Self-Instructional Material 5 Concepts of a synonym for trends and status. Fashion can vary within a society too as per the Fashion age, generation, occupation, class and geography. Global fashion centers: At present, the fashion centers are situated in London, New York city, Milan, Paris, Amsterdam and Los Angeles. Rome, Tokyo NOTES and Antwerp are also becoming popular in the fashion industry. Fashion is becoming socially and globally acceptable in many fields of human thinking and activities. This field of fashion is inclusive of varied careers like architecture, landscape design, interior design, body type, clothing and costume, cosmetics and many more. Fashion even connects well with personal grooming, hair style and entertainment. Of all the fields, costumes and drapery are well mingled with fashion and being studied as a proper stream of education. Clothing trends: People normally change with the fashion trends that they see. They take to the clothing worn by models and this is seen globally amongst urban population, who are drawn to the western style. There has been fashion changing from the 18th century itself. At that time, Ziryab, a famous stylist and musician migrant from Baghdad, put forward the first conception of fashion in Europe. He developed a variety of complex clothing fashion based on seasonal as well as day to day fashion. During the winters, the costumes were made from warm wool or cotton items, which were of dark colors and the summer garments were made of light and cool hues. This involved materials like flax and silk in bright and light colors. The bright colors for such clothes were actually produced through dye works and in tanneries, which the Muslim world used for its production purpose. For instance, in the 12th century, there were more than 116 dye works and 86 tanneries. Tanning is the procedure in which the skin is converted into the leather with an acidic chemical compound called tannin. This compound prevents decomposition and imparts color. Ziryab also suggested various clothing styles for the morning time, afternoon and for the evening period. Thus, he introduced the winter and the summer dresses, by setting the time frames when each fashion was to be worn by a person. Also, he added specific dresses of half season to be worn for interval in between two seasons. Because of him, there was an introduction of luxurious dresses of Orient in Spain. Hence, under his influence, there was a setting up of a fashion industry, that produced colorful striped fabrics. There were also introduction of transparent fabric coats that can be found in Morocco even in the present stage. The 14th century fashion related to the historians like James Laver and Fernand Braudel, both of whom started the western fashion in their clothing lines. One of the most dramatic sign was an unexpected severe shortage and tightening of the male over garment. This dress could be barely worn by men. This created the western male outline of a top which was tailored over the trousers and is still followed. Women’s fashion trends: There was also a huge change in the women’s clothing, which also included change in the hair styles as well. In the initial stage, the changes in fashion led to disintegration of what was previously been followed and has similar styles of dressing. Such style was worn by the upper classes of 6 Self-Instructional Material Europe and there was an increase in the development of various national styles of Introduction to fashion dresses. Fashion Although, fashion was being perceived differently by the rich people, the modern Europe influenced the peasants to follow the trends at a distance which NOTES can be closely related to the elites. The West followed a fashion trend which was matchless. The early western travelers in China, Persia, Japan, Turkey and such countries remarked on the absence of the fashion changes even if they understood little of the cultures, they described them as unethical. They pursued such concept as instable and lack of order in the culture of the Western countries. 1.3 TERMINOLOGIES OF FASHION. CONCEPT OF FASHION Fashion Trend :- Direction in which styles, colors, fabrics and designs are tending to change. Political events, films, personalities, dramas, social and sports events often influence fashion trends Types of Fashion:- ● Classic:- Apparel made in a style that continues to be fashionable over a long period of time, and that may return as high fashion at regular intervals. When revived, classic fashions retain the basic line of the original style, but are sometimes altered in minor details ● FAD:- Short-lived fashion that becomes suddenly extremely popular, remains for a short period of time, and fades quickly. Fads in India :- India’s traditional six-yard wonder is igniting imaginations anew. The sari, say fashion designers, can be worn over a pair of jeans or jazzed up with a sexy slim belt for a trendy look. ● Avant Grade (ah-vant gard):- French term commonly used in English meaning new, unconventional, ahead of its time. Used as an adjective to describe apparel that may be provocative or surprising. ● Couture (Koo-ture):- French term for business in which original apparel designs are created by designers & the items are manufactured in the design house using exceptionally fine sewing & tailoring and expensive fabrics ● Haute Couture (oat koo-toor):- Haute couture (French for “high sewing” or “high dressmaking”) refers to the creation of exclusive custom-fitted clothing. Haute couture is made to order for a specific customer, and it is usually made from high-quality, expensive fabric and sewn with extreme attention to detail and finish, often using time-consuming, hand-executed techniques Firms create model that may be sold to private customers or other segments of the fashion industry who also acquire the right to reproduce other designs. Designers show at least 2 collections a year of original designs to the public. An original design is not the only one of its kind, but means only that the garment was designed and made in the atelier of the designer. As currently used in United States and in the fashion press, refers to the latest and most advanced fashions; high fashion Self-Instructional Material 7 Concepts of Common Fashion Terms and Their Meaning Fashion NOTES If fashion language is something you don’t really understand, start here by learning these common words and terms. That will up your game the next time you catch up with your fashionista friends. Haute Couture This term is French for high sewing or high dressmaking and often refers to exclusive designer creations. The exclusivity comes from the fact that haute couture outfits are constructed by hand from start to finish.