388 in Ancient Times, on the Territory Found Southwest of Dacia After
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Alessandro Cavagna Gli Alleati Di Bruto in Dacia Ei 'Koson'
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by OpenstarTs Alessandro Cavagna Gli alleati di Bruto in Dacia e i ‘Koson’ d’oro Appiano, nel IV libro delle Guerre Civili, ricorda che nel 42 a.C. Bruto e Cas- sio, prima degli scontri a Filippi, passarono in rassegna l’esercito: vengono così elencati, oltre agli effettivi romani, Celti e Iberi, Lusitani, Traci, Illiri, Partini, Tessali, Arabi, Medi, Parti, i re alleati e i tetrarchi dei Galati d’Asia1. Sono nume- rosi gli storici che, accanto alle forze ricordate da Appiano, hanno ritenuto che comparissero anche i Daci/Geti, sebbene essi non fossero esplicitamente men- zionati: la prova di un loro coinvolgimento proverrebbe dai cosiddetti ‘Koson’ (fig. 1), ossia monete d’oro che Bruto – secondo una consolidata tradizione di studi – avrebbe prodotto appositamente per pagare questi contingenti2. 1. La prima anomalia: l’impossibile lettura di KOΣΩN La prima menzione di queste monete viene comunemente rimandata a una lettera (datata al 31 agosto del 1520) che Erasmo da Rotterdam, allora a Lou- 1 App. civ. IV 88 (371-373): «[...] Bruto e Cassio mossero verso Eno e Maronea, e da lì a Lisimachia e Cardia che, come fossero delle porte, chiudono l’istmo del Chersoneso Tracico; il giorno successivo giunsero al golfo di Melas. Qui passarono in rassegna l’esercito: complessi- vamente avevano diciannove legioni di opliti, delle quali otto erano di Bruto e nove di Cassio, nessuna completa; poi all’incirca gli effettivi di due legioni, così che in totale risultavano circa ottantamila soldati. -
Histoire Rou:\%Ìains Et De La Romanité Orientale Par N
HISTOIRE ROU:\%ÌAINS ET DE LA ROMANITÉ ORIENTALE PAR N. IORGA PUBLIÉE SOUS LES AUSPICES DE SA MAJESTE LE ROI CHARLES II PAR L'ACADÉMIE ROUMAINE VOL.I,PARTIE II _ LE SCEAU DE ROME BUCAREST x 9 3 7 PARTIE II LE SCEAU DE ROME LIVRE I LES CONQUERANTS CHAPITRE I PREMIER ACTE DE LA ROMANISATION Une nouvelle période dans l'histoire de ce monde, riche en mélanges, qui s'érige peu h peu en grandes synthèses dont se détachera une solide nation millénaire, s'ouvre par l'apparition de ceux qui rendent ainsi la visite, pendant quel- que temps si menafante, de Pyrrhus. La Macédoine n'eftait pas tombée, mais Rome était entrée dans le rae de celle-ci, qui n'était que celui d' Alexandre-le-Grand. Nous avons vu comment la pénétration de Rome dans les Balcans a commencé par les deux guerres d'Illyrie (229-228 et 219 avant J. Chr.), dont nous avons parléplushaut, en rapport avec les races aborigènes dans la Péninsule du Sud-Est Européen. Jusqu'au II-e siècle, Narona, Lissus, Salona, certaines iles avaient, sous le rapport romain, le méme caractère que, plus tard, h l'époque de la domination véni- tienne, ces localités eurent sous le rapport italien 1 Les guerres de Macédoine ont fait connaitre ensuite aux Romains tous les coins des vallées de l'Ouest de la Péninsule Balcanique, pendant la première moitié du II-e siècle. Bientôt, comme autrefois Athénes faisait venir ses servi- teurs de la Thrace 2, comme aujourd'hui les Vénitiens du Frioul ou les Roumains de Bucarest les font venir du pays des Szekler en Transylvanie ou ceux de Jassy de la Bucovine 'Voy. -
Dio Chrysostom (707) Dowden, Ken
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Birmingham Research Portal Dio Chrysostom (707) Dowden, Ken License: None: All rights reserved Document Version Peer reviewed version Citation for published version (Harvard): Dowden, K 2015, Dio Chrysostom (707). in I Worthington (ed.), Brills New Jacoby. Brill's New Jacoby, Brill. Link to publication on Research at Birmingham portal Publisher Rights Statement: Published in Brill's New Jacoby. Final version of record available online: http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/browse/brill-s-new-jacoby General rights Unless a licence is specified above, all rights (including copyright and moral rights) in this document are retained by the authors and/or the copyright holders. The express permission of the copyright holder must be obtained for any use of this material other than for purposes permitted by law. •Users may freely distribute the URL that is used to identify this publication. •Users may download and/or print one copy of the publication from the University of Birmingham research portal for the purpose of private study or non-commercial research. •User may use extracts from the document in line with the concept of ‘fair dealing’ under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (?) •Users may not further distribute the material nor use it for the purposes of commercial gain. Where a licence is displayed above, please note the terms and conditions of the licence govern your use of this document. When citing, please reference the published version. Take down policy While the University of Birmingham exercises care and attention in making items available there are rare occasions when an item has been uploaded in error or has been deemed to be commercially or otherwise sensitive. -
Coson Sau Cotiso?
COSON SAU COTISO? In biografia împăratului Augustus, Suetonius relatează o destul de bizară acuzaţie pe care M. Antonius i-o adusese cîndva colegului său de trium virat. ,,M. Antonius scribit, spune istoricul, primum eum Antonio filio despondisse Iuliam, dein Cotisoni Getarum regi, quo tempore sibi quoqu,e in vicem filiam regis in matrimonium petisset'•l (,,M. Antonius scrie că Octavianus a făgăduit-o pe Iulia mai întîi fiului său, Antonius, apoi lui Cotiso, regele geţilor, şi că tot atunci a cerut, în schimb, în căsătorie, chiar pentru el, pe fiica regelui"). Lăsînd la o parte lipsa de verosimilitate a aserţiunii, în care trebuie să vedem o încercare a rivalului viitorului împărat de a-l discredita pe acesta în ochii romanilor, vom observa că o serie de manuscrise, ce vor fi trecute în revistă mai jos, poartă, în locul cuvintelor Cotisoni Getarum regi, cuvintele Cosoni (sau Cosini) Getarum regi. în general, editorii textu lui au preferat lectura Cotisoni2, dar nu e mai puţin adevărat că nepotri virea manuscriselor ridică o problemă: Suetonius a vorbit despre regele get Cotiso sau despre regele get Coson? Cotiso mai apare în izvoarele latine. Poetul Horaţiu, contemporan cu acest dinast geto-dac, îi spune lui Mecena3 : ,,Mitte civiles super Urbe curas. Occidit Daci Cotisonis agmen". (.,Lasă grijile obşteşti pentru Cetate. Armata dacului Cotiso a pierit"), iar un comentar horaţian se exprimă astfel: ,,Occidit Daci Cotisonis agmen. Cotiso nomen regis Dacorum .. ." 4 (,,Armata dacului Cotiso a pierit. Cotiso este numele unui rege al dacilor ..."). în sfîrşit, Florus5 îl aminteşte pe 1 Suetonius, Aug., LXIII, 4. 2 De exemplu, ediţia lui C. -
On the Origins of the Romanian People
『地域政策研究』(高崎経済大学地域政策学会) 第7巻 第2号 2004年 10 月 17 頁~ 38 頁 On the Origins of the Romanian People Elena Taralunga TAMURA Abstract I have been often asked where I come from and I have realized that not much is known about Romania, its location, language and history. This paper is an examination of the roots of Romanian history. It is supported by official historical evidence and some of the data is approved by the Romanian Academy of History and Archeology, whereas other information is taken from different sources such as: history of religions, different reports from the Institute of Dacology, encyclopedias, and folklore resources. Statements on history can be eventually confirmed as well as denied when some new discovery happens. Also, in the case of writing a research paper on the ancient history of a country the lack of sufficient and explicit written evidence left to this day, can obstruct the discovering of facts that are correct, free from ambiguity and vacillation.This paper covers the early historical beginnings of the people that inhabited the territory of modern Romania to the time when the Roman Empire changed the country north of Danube into a Roman colony. This paper comprises: A geographical description of Romania History: the beginnings, An explanation of the meaning of the Pelasgians Definition of who the Thracians were. The Dacians and the Getae and who they were. The Dacian kings and among them the most important, Buerebista and Decebal The change of Dacia into a Roman colony Conclusion - 17 - Elena Taralunga TAMURA Introduction The historic magnitude of different peoples on the earth does not always radiate with the same intensity. -
Patterns of Continuity in Geto-Dacian Foreign Policy
69 HIRUNDO 2008 Pattern of Continuity in Geto-Dacian Foreign Policy Under Burebista Paul Vădan Following the death of Alexander the Great, the ancient world was affected by prolonged po - litical turmoil as many states emerging after 323 BC, both within and without Alexander’s former Em - pire, sought to impose their regional hegemony at each other’s expense in an attempt to restore stability. In the context of such discourse in power politics, the Geto-Dacian state emerged and sought to assert itself in the Carpathian-Danubian-Pontic region under the rule of Burebista in the 1 st century BC. De - spite modern claims that Burebista’s achievements were without precedent in the history of Geto-Dacia, 1 this paper will attempt to place the rule of Burebista in the context of a long tradition of Geto-Dacian foreign policy of assertion and interaction with the Hellenistic οιкоυµένη (oikoumene the perceived Greek world as opposed to barbarian lands). In order to do this, we will need to analyze Burebista’s political and economic goals in order to determine whether his rule conformed to an established pattern. Unfortunately, such a project is ir - reparably flawed because no Geto-Dacian written accounts (if there were any) have survived; all that has been passed on to us in terms of literary “evidence” are approximately four hundred Geto-Dacian words that are still in use in the Romanian language. As a result, scholars are forced to appeal exclu - sively (and with caution) to Greek and Roman written sources if they are to construct a generally co - herent history of the Geto-Dacians. -
Itor !W..] Oman 1 Lo R
ITOR !W..]OMAN 1 LO R Impäratul Traian. Bazo-relief de pe Columna lui Traian. ' oo r .. .. 1.i.....6 ' c '''' r , °-.4' ' e, . ; , A 4 ,.,., .., .:o V X, 4t f, ii;Ske o") 'e - ,.,- =Fr o 1 Decebal se sinucide pe mormantul lard sale. Bazo-rellef de pe Columna ILA Traian. TONIA thUIIL'I EuH h A. b. XENOFOL PROFESOR LA UNIVERSITATEA DIN IAI, MEMBRU AOADEMIEI ROMANE. MEMBRU TITULAR AL INSTITUTULUI DIN FRANTIA EDITIA III-a, ingrijità de I. VLADESCU DOCTOR IN LITERE ASISTENT LA UNIVERSiTATEA DIN DUCUREVI IYu surd vremile sub càrma omulul, ci bietul om sub vreml". ti/RON COSTIN. VOLUMUL I DACIA ANTE-ROMANA SI DACIA ROMANA 513 innainte de Hr. 270 durdi Hr. BI TCUREz;l'I EL) [TURA ((CARTEA ROMÄNEA SC Ä» II STOW PIP Lttilb:10e ,_ _ XENOPOL VOL.I PREFATA LA EDITIA III-a Poate pärea indreizneald incercarea de aliza asupra-mi ingrijirea unei noui editii a Istoriei Romdpilor din Dacia Tra- iancl" a lui Xenopol. Este o muncei de ditiva ani, de multä reibdare idein- delungatä familiaritate cu materialul. Ceiteva cuvinte despre aceea ce am socolit cei trebuie fäcut. Autorul 112C6 din 1913 reveizuse toate volumele, in numeir de 14, cari duc povestirea trecutului nostru Oa la 1866, utili- zeind toate scrierile qi documentele publicate dela 1893 incoace"1. Revederea aceasta a tost socotitei ca o initiare fulgerätoare care inspirti respectur (N. Iorga) 2. Prime le 5 volume, peintila 1600, au apärut ubingrijirea sa Mai din 1913-1914 in -editura C. Sfetea". Restul n'a mai putut fi continual, din cauza boalei autorului qi apoi a eveni- mentelor, aduse de marele rtisboiu. -
University of Birmingham Dio Chrysostom (707)
University of Birmingham Dio Chrysostom (707) Dowden, Kenneth License: None: All rights reserved Document Version Peer reviewed version Citation for published version (Harvard): Dowden, K 2015, Dio Chrysostom (707). in I Worthington (ed.), Brills New Jacoby. Brill's New Jacoby, Brill. <http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/brill-s-new-jacoby/dio-chrysostom-707-a707> Link to publication on Research at Birmingham portal Publisher Rights Statement: Published in Brill's New Jacoby. Final version of record available online: http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/browse/brill-s-new-jacoby General rights Unless a licence is specified above, all rights (including copyright and moral rights) in this document are retained by the authors and/or the copyright holders. The express permission of the copyright holder must be obtained for any use of this material other than for purposes permitted by law. •Users may freely distribute the URL that is used to identify this publication. •Users may download and/or print one copy of the publication from the University of Birmingham research portal for the purpose of private study or non-commercial research. •User may use extracts from the document in line with the concept of ‘fair dealing’ under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (?) •Users may not further distribute the material nor use it for the purposes of commercial gain. Where a licence is displayed above, please note the terms and conditions of the licence govern your use of this document. When citing, please reference the published version. Take down policy While the University of Birmingham exercises care and attention in making items available there are rare occasions when an item has been uploaded in error or has been deemed to be commercially or otherwise sensitive. -
University of Birmingham Dio Chrysostom
University of Birmingham Dio Chrysostom (707) Dowden, Kenneth License: None: All rights reserved Document Version Peer reviewed version Citation for published version (Harvard): Dowden, K 2015, Dio Chrysostom (707). in I Worthington (ed.), Brills New Jacoby. Brill's New Jacoby, Brill. <http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/brill-s-new-jacoby/dio-chrysostom-707-a707> Link to publication on Research at Birmingham portal Publisher Rights Statement: Published in Brill's New Jacoby. Final version of record available online: http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/browse/brill-s-new-jacoby General rights Unless a licence is specified above, all rights (including copyright and moral rights) in this document are retained by the authors and/or the copyright holders. The express permission of the copyright holder must be obtained for any use of this material other than for purposes permitted by law. •Users may freely distribute the URL that is used to identify this publication. •Users may download and/or print one copy of the publication from the University of Birmingham research portal for the purpose of private study or non-commercial research. •User may use extracts from the document in line with the concept of ‘fair dealing’ under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (?) •Users may not further distribute the material nor use it for the purposes of commercial gain. Where a licence is displayed above, please note the terms and conditions of the licence govern your use of this document. When citing, please reference the published version. Take down policy While the University of Birmingham exercises care and attention in making items available there are rare occasions when an item has been uploaded in error or has been deemed to be commercially or otherwise sensitive. -
Consideraţii Despre Moneda "KOSON"
Jr,.� :a.y ACADEMIA DE ŞTIINŢE SOCIALE ŞI POLITICE A REPUBLICII SOCIALISTE ROMÂNIA ISTORIE VECHE 2 TOMUL 23 1972 EDITURA ACADEMIEI REPUBLICII SOCIALISTE ROMANIA of' �'STUDII ŞI CERCETĂRI DE ISTORIE VECHE TOMUL 23 NR. 2 1972 SUMAR STUDII IUDITA WINKLER, Consideraţii despre moneda "KOSON" . 173 ZOLTAN SZEKELY, Cetatea dacică de la Covasna . 201 LUCIA ŢEPOSU MARINESCU, Despre originea unor tipuri de monumente funerare din Dacia Superior . • . 215 DISCUŢII ŞI NO TE PAUL I. DICU, Descoperiri atribuite paleol1ticulul inferior pe cursul mijlociu al Argeşului (jud. Argeş) . ... ..... ' . .......... ... .. 223 ' ION NANIA, Unelte ale paleoliticulul inferior descoperite pe văile Dlmbovnicului şi Mozacului (jud. Argeş) . .... ............: ....... 235 EUGEN COMŞA, Date despre uneltele de piatră şlefuită din epoca Ileolitică şi din epoca bronzului, !le pe teritoriul României •.................. 245 DOINA GA LBENU, Clteva probleme ale perioadei de trecere de la neolitic la epoca bronzului In Oltenia .........•............... 263 ORTANSA RADU, Contribuţii la cunoaşterea culturii Vatina .......... 271 VA SILE PALADE şi NICOLETA CIUCĂ, Nol descoperiri scitice In judeţul Vaslui 285 EMIL MOSCALU, Citeva observaţii asupra unor probleme ale Latene-ului geto-dacic 293 MARIA CHIŢESCU, O monedă a oraşului Alopeconne�os (Chersonesul tracic) desco- perită la Zimnicea ... ..., . ... .... ........ 299 PETRE DIACONU, Despre datarea "circumvalaţiei" şi a .. bisericii treflate" de la Nicu liţel . 307 • Comunicările Institutului de arheologie din anul 1971 ........... 321 '" • RECENZII ALEXANDRU VULPE, Prăhistorische Bronzefunde . • . ., 323 VLADIMIR DUMITRESCl)fl1pu!um, IX (1971) ................ 327 ADRIANA' STOIA, Kornel Bakay, Scylhian Ratt/es in lhe Carpalhian Basin and lheir Easlern Conneclions, Budapesta, 1971 . '. .. 328 RADU HARHOIU, Hachmann Rol!, Die Golen und Skandinavien, Berlin, 1970 332 PETRE DIACONU, Philippe Joseph, Le monde byzantin dans l'hisloire de la verrerie ,(ye-XYle siecle), Bologna, 1970 335 •••••••• 337 LISTA ABREVIERILOR S C 1 V, tomul 23, nr. -
33 Chapter II the Dacian Kingdom. Barbarian Statehood in Antiquity In
33 Chapter II The Dacian kingdom. Barbarian statehood in antiquity in the Carpathian region The history of the Dacians of the Boirebistas era dates back to about 1,000 BC. This was the tail-end of the late Bronze-Age, the time of the development of a vast archeological/cultural entity, which extended to the eastern part of the Carpathian basin, Galicia and Bessarabia. In this area we find the peoples of the Gáva-Holihrad culture. They lived in wide-spread farming (peasant) settlements; their burial rites favored cremation - the ashes preserved in urns. Some of this population reached the Dnieper region and the environs of Kiev. As the yield increased from agriculture and animal husbandry, so did metal work; also, the development of bronze-crafts and the beginning of iron-works. The latter must be related to the appearance of an ethnic group which came from the East to the region inhabited by the peoples of the Gáva-Holihrad culture, who must have been horsemen. This assumption is based on the pieces and fragments of riding equipment which came to light. There may be a link between these findings and other traces, - such as fortified settlements or the burial mounds of the rich - which were kept separate from others. These suggest a social hierarchy, evident in the Kurgans of Lãpuº (Hungarian Oláhlápos) and Bobda (Hung. Bogda). 34 It is, of course, difficult to provide exact information about peoples and languages existing at a time when there were no written records. Nevertheless, the bases for the unity of the Gáva-Holihrad culture seem to be clear. -
The Movement and Emplacement of the Legions and Auxiliary Units of The
THE LEGIONS AND AUXILIARY UNITS IN MOESIA THE MOVEMENT AND EMPLACEMENT OF THE LEGIONS AND AUXILIARY UNITS OF THE ROMAN ARMY IN MOESIA FROM 29 BC TO AD 235 By CONOR WHATELY, B.A. A Thesis Submitted to the School of Graduate Studies In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Alis McMaster University © Copyright by Conar Whately, September 2005 MASTER OF ARTS (2005) MCMASTER UNIVERSITY (Classics) HAMILTON, ONTARIO TITLE: The Movement and Emplacement of the Legions and Auxiliary units of the Roman Army in Moesia from 29 BC to AD 235 AUTHOR: Conar Whately, B.A. (McMaster University) SUPERVISOR: Dr. E. Haley NUMBER OF PAGES: viii, 137 ABSTRACT This thesis is a history of the legions and auxiliary units of the Roman province of Moesia from 29 BC to AD 235. Sorne of the principal battles and campaigns undetiaken in the area are discussed; however, the focus of the study is the movement of those units both in and out of the province, and also their emplacement, where possible, in the numerous forts so far found in Moesia. A variety of different types of evidence are used: inscriptions, and in particular stone inscriptions and the bronze diplomas are the most valuable sources; the ancient authors are impOliant, and Tacitus, Josephus, Cassius Dio, and Ptolemy are the most valuable, although others are used. There are a handful of conclusions drawn from this study. Generally, during the Julio Claudian period military units tended to cluster around each other. In the second and third centuries, they are more spread out, and tend to be fairly evenly distributed along the Danube.