January 22,"1973 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD·- HOUSE 1745 high office. I believe that history will President Truman refused to be bul­ just as it will live on in millions of homes judge him, after the 50 years' interim pe­ lied about by political opponents at where stories of unusual men are retold. riod he requested, as one of the greatest home or abroad and effected more My repertory of Harry Truman stories and strongest leaders of our time. At this than any other person, the reconstruc­ is extensive and illustrative of all that point, 20 years past his departure from tion of Europe and saved them from ex­ is good about the American political sys­ office, as a very amateur American pol­ ternal domination. tem. I am proud, indeed, of having been itician, I place him among the all-time The name of Harry Truman will not alive to watch the formation of the Tru­ great American Presidents. be forgotten in the Owens' household, man heritage.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES-Monday, January 22, 1973 The House met at 12 o'clock noon. Leo Allen served 14 distinguished terms legislator and parliamentalian came to The Chaplain, Rev. Edward G. Latch, in the House of Representatives embel­ the forefront. DD., offered the following prayer: lished particularly on two occasions by As Representative of the 16th District his service as chairman of the House of Illinois, Leo Allen consistently and The Lord is good, a stronghold in the Committee on Rules in the 80th and 83d vigorously fought for the philosophy and day of trouble; and He knoweth them Congresses. In the 28 years he served the that trust ·in him.-Nahum 1: 7. ideals in which he believed. In all ways, residents of northwestern Illinois as their Leo served his constituency and his Na­ Dear Lord and Father of Mankind, Representative to the Congress, he tion with dedication and purpose. Forgive our foolish ways; achieved a record of consistency and de­ Leo and I were friends socially as well Reclothe us in our rightful minds votion to the principle of government in as colleagues on Rules Committee. Both In purer lives Thy service find, which he served. of us stayed at the University Club for a In deeper reverence, praise. I often had occasion to talk with him period. Leo was a very entertaining host Drop Thy still dews of quietness, during those years after he left the Con­ and a thoroughly enjoyable person to be Till all our strivings cease; gress. He continued to remain deeply around. Take from our souls the strain and stress, interested in the affairs of government I join my colleagues in their expression And let our ordered lives confess and of the Republican Party. Leo's wife of bereavement. Mrs. O'Neill joins me in The beauty of Thy peace. preceded him in death but he leaves five expressing our condolences to Leo Allen's children, each of whom, I am sure, is family and friends. In all the discussions of these days imbued with the stamp of his strong per­ Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, I join and the decisions we will be called upon sonality, high character, and unblem­ my colleagues this afternoon in paying to make keep our minds clear, our mo­ ished principles, a legacy matched only tribute to Leo Allen, one of the truly tives clean, our hearts confident, our by Leo Allen's superlative record and sig­ great Representatives which the people deeds constructive, and our consciences nificant place in the history of this body. of the State of Illinois have sent to this unashamed and unafraid. Leo Allen will long be remembered as body. God bless America. Stand beside her a faithful legislator and outstanding As a freshman Member, I benefited and guide her through the trying tribu­ American. Mrs. Anderson and I join from the wise counsel and leadership­ lations of these troubled times. And bless Leo's thousands of friends in extending that Leo Allen provided. I will long re­ our astronauts as they open new doors our condolences and deepest sympathy to member his sage advice and the princi­ of knowledge to us this day. the members of the Allen family. ples of government and politics for In the spirit of the Pioneer of Life we I am pleased to yield to my distin­ which he so courageously stood. Those of pray. Amen. guished colleague from Illinois, the mi­ us who remember him from his service nority whip (Mr. ARENDS). here recognize that he was a champion Mr. ARENDS. Mr. Speaker, I, too, was THE JOURNAL of the taxpayer, a firm believer in the saddened with the notice of the death of limitation of the powers of the Govern­ The SPEAKER. The Chair has ex­ our former colleague, Leo Allen. He was ment, and a man who very effectively amined the Journal of the last day's pro­ a Member of Congress when I first came understood and served the people of his ceedings and announces to the House his here, and I had the privilege of serving district. approval thereof. with him for 24 years. We became fast Leo Allen was a great American and Without objection, the Journal stands and warm friends during our tenure to­ the kind of man that has made the approved. gether in Congress. As a freshman Mem­ House of Representatives the great insti­ There was no objection. ber here I often went to him for counsel tution that it is. and advice. I had the greatest respect Mr. DELANEY. Mr. Speaker, I was and admiration for Leo. Truly he was a deeply saddened to learn of the passing ANNOUNCEMENT great American, a dedicated public serv­ of our distinguished former colleague, the The SPEAKER. The Chc.iJ: would like ant, and one who contributed so much Honorable Leo E. Allen of Dlinois. to make a statement. The Chair is only to this House dU1ing the time he was It was my privilege to have known Leo going to recognize under the 1-minute privileged to serve here. as a friend for many years. Having rule a colleague to announce the death of I extend to his wonderful family my worked closely with him during our joint a former distinguished Member. The deepest and sincerest sympathy in this service on the Committee on Rules, I Chair will, after the astronauts have ap­ their time of bereavement. knew him as a completely honest and peared, take 1-minute speeches. Mr. ANDERSON of Illinois. Mr. Speak­ forthright legislator, and a man deeply The Chair !low recognizes the gentle­ er, I am pleased to yield to the distin­ devoted to the best interest of the Nation. man from Illinois United States of Amer­ the Congress of the United States. On ica. But I look at it rather as a symbol GENERAL LEAVE behalf of myself and my colleagues I of the courage and the dedication and Mr. ANDERSON of illinois. Mr. Speak­ want to thank you very, very sincerely the effort and self-sacrifice of 200 mil­ er, I ask unanimous consent that all for this invitation and this opportunity. lion people in this country who made Members may have 5 legislative days in We are quite limited in time, I know, that effort possible. I think very sym­ which to extend their remarks on the and you gentlemen are very obviously bolically it is typical of the courage and subject of the life, character, and pub­ busy, as I have been told today, so in self-sacrifice and that same dedication. lic service of the late Leo Allen. spite of the fact that we would like to that same ambition, that has made The SPEAKER. Is there objection to tell you many stories, both technical America for the last 200 years become the request of the gentleman from accomplishments and emotions. and the greatest nation that man has ever illinois? other feelings about our flight, I really seen on earth. There was no objection. do not plan to do that today. I believe it is this same type of effort; However, I should like to tell you one it is this same type of forward-looking­ very quick and short story that probably ness that we have on the part of the · APPOINTMENT AS MEMBERS OF has not been publicized too much. There people throughout our country today that COMMITTEE TO ESCORT DISTIN­ was a slight problem we had during our is going to keep our Nation the greatest GUISHED VISITORS INTO THE mission, although we did not have many nation in the world. CHAMBER problems. This problem concerned our When he made that first step, when command module pilot, Ron Evans. We The SPEAKER. The Chair appoints as Neil Armstrong, an American, made that had trouble, as some of you who had first step on the surface of the moon he members of the committee to escort our the opportunity to follow the flight might probably gained more pride and more re­ distinguished visitors into the Chamber: remember, getting Ron Evans up in the spect throughout the entire world than The gentleman from Massachusetts, Mr. morning. any one thing that has happened possi­ O'NEILL; the gentleman from California, In space you really need a three-man bly even in the entire 200-year history of Mr. McFALL; the gentleman from Texas, crew all the time. our country. This is the same pride and Mr. TEAGUE; the gentleman from West We had known about Ron's problem­ this is the same respect and these are Virginia, Mr. HECHLER; the gentleman and it takes us back to some of his his­ the same friends that throughout my 38 from illinois, Mr. ARENDS; the gentleman tory in the Navy-and we asked Jane. years of life here on earth I have found from illinois, Mr. ANDERSON; and the "How do you get him up in the morning? that we seem to be trying to buy and to gentleman from Ohio, Mr. MosHER. We need a little clue and some help." barter for, and yet with that one step by She said, "That's easy. All I do is kiss an American. that one accomplishment, RECESS him.'' we are able to gain something that we Jack and I seriously considered that had never really been able to grab hold The SPEAKER. The Chair declares a after about the seventh or eighth day, of in my lifetime. recess subject to the call of the Chair. but we were not quite sure because we Gentlemen, I submit to you I think Accordingly (at 12 o'clock and 5 min­ had not checked with Jane about what that, difficult as it is to put a dollar value utes p.m.>, the House stood in recess. Ron's reaction was between the time she on that step, the significance of what it kissed him and the time he got out of has meant to the United States of Amer­ bed. ica throughout the world and in the RECEPTION BY THE HOUSE OF REP­ On a more serious note, we have in decade when the United States of Amer­ RESENTATIVES OF THE APOLLO the short period of time since we re­ ica has needed pride and needed respect, XVII ASTRONAUTS turned, just a little over a month, been both at home and abroad, the value of The Speaker of the House presided. paid many tributes and accolades and that first step is really something that is At 12 o'clock and 32 minutes p.m., the have accepted them quite reluctantly, I very difficult to put on paper. Doorkeeper Edward Boland, York Richard Nixon that the administration again made changes Moss, Thomas O'Neill, Otis Pike, Mel Price, they will not be satisfied by his implied 1n the oil quota system. Each of these Albert Quie, Henry Reuss, Donald Reigle, promises that "peace is at hand.'' but announcements concerning the import Peter Rodino, Robert Roe, Fernand St Ger­ main, Sam Stratton, Gerry Studds, Robert will only believe that we have peace when program has been billed as the ultimate Tiernan, Lester Wolll', and Sidney Yates. they see the black and white of a signed answer to the present "crisis." Unfor­ cease-fire agreement. tunately, none of them have proven ca­ SENATE SPONSORS I was privileged to address that gather­ pable of solving the immediate or the Edward Kennedy, Adlai Stevenson, Abra­ ing, and I include my remarks at this long-term fuel shortages presently faced ham Ribicofl', Thomas Mcintyre, Claiborne point in the RECORD: Pen. Jacob Javlts, William Hathaway, George by much of the country. SPEECH BY CONGRESSWOMAN BELLA S. ABZUG Aiken, Edward Brooke, and Edmund Musk1e. Mr. Speaker, in the summer of 1970, AT INAUGURAL DAY PEACE DEMONSTRA=ON IN I took a special order on the fioor of the Harrison Williams, Clifford Case, Robert WASHINGTON-JANUARY 20, 1973 House to discuss the projected shortage Stafford, Norris Cotton, Lowell Weicker, Welcome to the Washington-Lincoln in­ Stuart Symington, George McGovern, Rich­ auguration. Would you believe that President of No. 2 heating oil that was anticipated ard Clark, Quentin Burdick, and Walter for that year in my own city of Chicago. Nixon just made his inauguration speech and Monda!e. did not even mention the word "Vietnam." That year's shortage was predicated by Gaylord Nelson, Birch Bayh, Wllllam Prox­ We are here to let him know that we will not an abnormally low supply of fuel. coupled mire, James Abourezk, John Pastore, Hubert stop protesting or start celebrating until a with new antipollution ordinances for Humphrey, Harold Hughes, Phllip Hart, Frank peace agreement ts actually signed and untll the city-ordinances which required Moss, and Charles Percy. Mr. Nixon takes every American pilot, every January 22, 1973 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 1757 G.I., every bomber, every mllitary advisor in Are we supposed to stand up and cheer challenge to the Congress itself and Ire­ or out of uniform, every anti-personnel and while Richard Nixon takes the oath of office, spectfully urge all of my colleagues to Napalm bomb out of all of Southeast Asia. even as he is violating it by his actions? It he is planning another deception, U once What are we supposed to unite around? join in cosponsoring such legislation and a.ga.in the Interests of President Thieu are to His dismantling of programs for the poor, seeing that we pass a bill which will dictate whether Vietnamese and Americans for the cities, even for veterans of his war? again put this matter into proper live or die, then Mr. Nixon should know that His reactionary views on women? His reac­ perspective. we are prepared to keep coming back. tionary views on race? Or maybe the Water­ Last year we authorized and appro­ We must recognize that those able to come gate scandal, which was a conspiracy to un­ priated $24.6 billion for water pollution to Washington today to this rally are only dermine the presidential campaign of the control, and my own State of New Jer­ a tiny percentage of the millions of Ameri­ Democratic Party, to subvert the political cans who hate and disavow this criminal war. process, and which is now being hidden from sey would have received more money Possibly Mr. Nixon thought that after a public view in an outrageous abuse of our than any other State in the Nation with war In which one and a half million people legal system? the exception of New York. have been killed, three million wounded and No, we have no intention of uniting around Now the Executive is saying it may seven millions of tons of bombs dropped, this President. spend less than half of the money au­ nobody would get excited when he ordered No, we are not going to let him turn our thorized and appropriated by Congress. another million or so tons of bombs dropped democracy into a country ruled by one man. Each Member of Congress has many in the most concentrated exhibition of sav­ No, we are not going to let him ignore the badly needed programs in his district agery in the history of the world. people and their elected representatives. He is wrong. There is real anger in Congress now, and which could have progressed as a result Our protest is not a lonely protest. a real willlngness to act. We in Congress of the Water Pollution Control Act fund­ America's allies have been bombardln~ Wash­ also take a pledge to ''}>reserve, protect, and ing. There is a desperate need in most ington with messages of condemnation. Aus­ defend the Constitution of the United communities for water and sewer tralian longshoremen declared a boycott of States." It's up to you to make your repre­ moneys; there is a great need for more American goods. Heads of governments have sentative do that. money for health care, and there is cer­ expressed their outrage. Leaders of the major There has been a small number of us in tainly a need for more housing. These, religious organizations in our own country Congress that have voted against every mili­ however, are some of the programs have denounced Nixon's bombing tantrum. tary appropriation for Vietnam and for every From the Pope--from the head of the United bill designed to get us out. But our numbers which are being further crippled because Nations--from Captain Michael Heck, who are growing. We need just 40 more votes to the funds appropriated by the Congress found his conscience and refused to fly any cut off funds for the war, if that is what we are being impounded. more B-52's-from the embittered wives and have to do. U once again, Richard Nixon is It is time we asserted our power and mothers of imprisoned American pilots-the trying to fool the people, those votes wm be stopped this nonsense. rebellious members of the Philadelphia Sym­ much easier to get, and your job is to see phony-the musicians who played for peace that we get them. with Leonard Bernstein last night-the Those of us standing here between the LEAVE OF ABSENCE Members of Congress who are boycotting the Washington Monument and the Lincoln Me­ inaugural-from all parts of our Nation, from morial represent the soul of America's de­ By unanimous consent, leave of ab­ all over the world comes the demand-stop mocracy, not its merchants. OUr protest sence was granted to: the war I Sign the peace agreement\ here is the true reaffirmation of America's Mr. KYRos _

H.R. 2569. A bill to provide for the regula­ States, and for other purposes; to the Com­ By Mr. HARVEY (for himself, Mr. tion of the practice of dentistry, including mittee on the Judiciary. ANDREWs of North Dakota, Mr. the examination, licensure, registration, and H.R. 2584. A bill to protect confidential ARENDS, Mr. BROOMFIELD, Mr. BROWN regulation of dentists and dental hygienists, sources of the news media; to the Committee of Michigan, Mr. BURLESON of Texas, in the District of Columbia, and for other on the Judiciary. Mr. CEDERBERG, Mr. CHAMBERLAIN, pu-poses; to the Committee on District of H.R. 2585. A bill to extend unemployment Mr. CoNABLE, Mr. CouGHLIN, Mr. Columbia. insurance coverage to employers employing DEVINE, Mr. EDWARDS of Alabama, H.R. 2570. A bill to repeal section 453(d) four or more agricultural workers for each of Mr. FISHER, Mr. ERLENBORN, Mr. (5) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954; to 20 or more weeks; to the Committee on Ways EVINS of Tennessee, Mr. FORSYTHE, the Committee on Ways and Means. and Means. Mr. F'RELINGHUYSEN, Mr. FRENZEL, By Mr. DELLUMS: By Mr. DERWINSKI: Mr. GROVER, Mr. HASTINGS, Mr. HEN­ H.R. 2571. A bill to amend the Food Stamp H.R. 2586. A bill to amend title n of the DERSON, Mr. HOSMER, Mr. HUNT, Mr. Act of 1964 to allow food stamps to be used to Social Security Act so as to remove the limi­ LENT, and Mr. McCLORY: obtain meat and meat products which are tation upon the amount of outside income H.R. 2600. A bill to amend the Railroad imported into the United States; to the which an individual may earn while receiv­ Labor Act and the Labor Management Rela­ Committee on Agriculture. ing benefits thereunder; to the Committee on tions Act, 1947, to provide more effective H.R. 2572. A blll to protect the political Ways and Means. means for protecting the public interest in rights and privacy of individuals and organi­ H.R. 2587. A bill to amend the Internal national emergency disputes, and for other zations and to define the authority of the Revenue Code of 1954 to provide a tax credit purposes; to the Committee on Interstate armed forces to collect, distribute, and store for homeowners, apartment owners, small and Foreign Commerce. information about clvllian political activity; businessmen, and car owners who purchase By Mr. HARVEY (for himself, Mr. to the Committee on Armed Services. and install certified pollution control de­ CLEVELAND, Mr. NELSEN, Mr. RoBIN­ H.R. 2573. A bill to amend the U.S. Hous­ vices; to the COmmittee on Ways and Means. SON of Virginia, Mr. ROBISON of New ing Act of 1937 to provide for the inclusion of By Mr. DOWNING: York, Mr. RoYBAL, Mr. ScHNEEBELI, child-care facilities in low-rent housing proj­ H.R. 2588. A bill to establish the Great Dis­ Mr. SEBELros, Mr. SMITH of New ects, and to provide that eligibility of a mal swamp National Wildlife Refuge; to the York, Mr. J. WILLIAM STANTON, Mr. family to remain in such a project despite in­ Committee on Merchant Marine and Fish­ VANDER JAGT, Mr. VEYSEY, Mr. WARE, creases in its total income shall be deter­ eries. Mr. WIUTEHURST, Mr. BROYHILL of mined solely on the income of the head of By Mr. FRENZEL: North Carolina., and Mr. KuYKEN- such -family (or its other principal wage H.R. 2589. A bill to provide for the issuance DALL): . earner); to the Committee on Banking and of $2 bills bearing the portrait of Susan B. H.R. 2601. A bill to amend the Railroad Currency. Anthony; to the Committee on Banking and Labor Act and the Labor Management Rela­ H.R. 2574. A bill to authorize and direct currency. tions Act, 1947, to provide more effective the Commissioner of the District of Colum­ H.R. 2590. A bill to prohibit travel at Gov­ means for protecting the public interest in bia to conduct an election for the purposes ernment expense outside the United states national emergency disputes, and for other of a referendum on the question of state­ by Members of Congress who have been de­ purposes; to the Committee on Interstate hood for the residents of the present District, feated, or who have resigned, or retired; to and Foreign Commerce. election of delegates to a constitutional con­ the committee on House Admlnlstration. By Mr. HELSTOSKI: vention, and for other purposes; to the Com­ H.R. 2591. A bill establishing a. Council on H.R. 2602. A bill to establish a Transpor­ mittee on the District of Columbia. Energy Policy; to the Committee on Inter­ tation Trust Fund, to encourage urban mass H.R. 2575. A bill to provide the protection state and Foreign Commerce. transportation, and for other purposes; to of the safety and health standards under the H.R. 2592. A bill to amend the Federal the Committee on Ways and Means. Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 Trade Commission Act (15 U.S.C. 41) to pro­ By Mr. HOWARD: for individuals participating in athletic con­ vide that under certain circumstances ex­ H.R. 2603. A bill to amend title m of the tests between secondary schools or between clusive territorial arrangements shall not be act of March 3, 1933, commonly refeiTed to institutions of higher education; to the Com­ deemed unlawful; to the committee on Inter­ as the "Buy American Act," with respect to mittee on Education and Labor. state and Foreign Commerce. determ1nlng when the cost of certain ar­ H.R. 2576. A blll to amend the Age Dis­ H.R. 2593. A bill to pt"Ovide the Secretary ticles materials, or supplies is unreasonable; crimination in Employment Act of 1967 to of He-'th, Education, and Welfare with the to define when articles, materials, and sup­ extend the protection of that act to em­ authority to make grants to States and local plies have been mined, produced, or manu­ ployees of States and their political subdi­ communities to pay for the costs of eye ex­ factured in the United States; to make clear visions; to the Committee on Education and amination programs to detect glaucoma for the right of any State to give preference Labor. the elderly; to the Committee on Interstate to domestically produced goods in purchas­ H.R. 2577. A bill to amend title 5, United and Foreign Commerce. ing for public use, and for other purposes; States Code, to provide that individuals be H.R. 2594. A bill to direct the Administra­ to the Committee on Public Works. apprised of records concerning them which tor of the Environmental Protection Agency H.R. 2604. A bill to amend the tariff and are maintained by Government agencies; to to establish and carry out a bottled drinking trade laws of the United States to promote the Committee on Government Operations. water control program; to the Committee full employment and restore a. diversified H.R. 2578. A bill to limit the sale or distri­ on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. production base; to amend the internal bution of mailing lists by Federal agencies; H.R. 2595. A bill to authorize the National Revenue Code of 1954 to stem the outftow to the Committee on Government Operations. Science Foundation to conduct research, ed­ of U.S. capital, jobs, technology, and produc­ H.R. 2579. A bill to restore to Federal ci­ ucational, and assistance programs to prepare tion, and for other purposes; to the Commit­ vilian employees their rights to participate, the country for conversion from defense to tee on Ways and Means. as private citizens, in the political life of the civilian, socially oriented research and de­ By Mr. MILLS of Arkansas: Nation, to protect Federal civilian employees velopment activities, and for other purposes; H.R. 2605. A bill to amend the emergency from improper political solicitations, and for to the Committee on Science and Astro­ loan program under the Consolidated Farm other purposes; to the Committee on House nautics. and Rural Development Act, and for other Administration. H.R. 2596. A bill to discourage the produc­ purposes; to the Committee on Agriculture. H.R. 2580. A bill to amend the Federal tion of one-way containers for carbonated H.R. 2606. A bill to authorize equalization Pood, Drug, and COsmetic Act to provide for and/or malt beverages so as to reduce litter, of the retired or retainer pay of certain the registration and licensing of food manu­ reduce the cost of solid waste management, members and former members of the uni­ facturers and processors, and for other pur­ and to conserve natural resources; to the formed services; to the Committee on Armed poses; to the Committee on Interstate and 07mmittee on Ways and Means. Services. Foreign Commerce. H.R. 2597. A bill to amend the Socla1 Secu­ H.R. 2607. A blll to amend the act entitled H.R. 2581. A bill to change the minimum rity Act to prohibit the payment of aid 01" "An Act to provide for the preservation of age qualification for serving as a juror in assistance under approved State public as­ historical and archeological data including Federal courts from 21 years of age to 18 sistance plans to aliens who are illegally relics and specimens which might otherwise years of age; to the Committee on the within the United States; to the Committee be lost as the result of the construction of Judiciary. on Ways and Means. a dam,'' and for other purposes; to the Com­ H.R. 2582. A bill to prevent lawless and By Mr. HANRAHAN: mittee on Interior and Insular Affairs. irresponsible use of firearms, by requiring H.R. 2598. A bill to authorize appropria­ H.R. 2608. A bill to amend the Communi­ national registration of firearms, by estab­ tions to be used for the elimination of cer­ cations Act of 1934 to establish orderly pro. lishing minimum standards for licensing tain hazardous rail-highway grade crossings cedures for the consideration of applications possession of firearms, and to prohibit the in the State of Illinois; to the Committee for renewal of broadcast licenses; to the importation, manufacture, sale, purchase, on Public Works. Committee on Interstate and Foreign Com­ transfer, receipt, possession, or transporta­ By Mr. HANSEN of Idaho: merce. tion of handguns; to the Committee on the H.R. 2599. A bill to require the Secretary By Mr. MINISH: Judiciary. of Agriculture to carry out a rural environ­ H.R. 2609. A bill to create the National H.R. 2583. A bill to establish minimum mental assistance program; to the Committee CJ'edit Union Bank to encourage the ftow of prtson and parole standards in the United on Agriculture. credit to urban and rural areas in order to 1760'' CONGRESSIONAL "RECORD:..:__ HOUSE January 22, 1973 · provide greater access to consumer credit at boards for the review of certain administra­ States to require that persons 18 years of reasonable interest rates, to amend the Fed­ tive discharges; to the Committee on Armed age and. older be treated as adults for the eral Credit Union Act, and for other pur­ Services. purpose of all law; to the Committee on the poses; to the Committee on Banking and. H.R. 2620. A bill to amend. the Fair Credit Judiciary. Currency. Reporting Act, and. to create a new title in H.J. Res. 221. Joint resolution authorizing H.R. 2610. A bill to amend the Vocational the Consumer Credit Protection Act in order the President to proclaim the 24th day of Rehabilitation Act to extend and revise the to license consumer credit investigators; to October of each year as illumination Day; to authorization of grants to States for voca­ the Committee on Banking and Currency. the Committee on the Judiciary. tional rehabilitation services, to authorize H.R. 2621. A bill to amend. the Public By Mr. BEVILL: grants for rehabilitation services to those Health Service Act to provide assistance for H. Con. Res 86. Concurrent resolution ex­ with severe disabilities, and for other pur­ research and. development for improvement pressing the sense of Congress with respect poses; to the Committee on Education and. in delivery of health services to the critically to those individuals who refused. to register Labor. ill; to the Committee on Interstate and For­ .for the draft, refused. induction or being a H.R. 2611. A bill to amend the tarur and eign Commerce. member of the Armed. Forces fled. to a foreign trade laws of the United States to promote H.R. 2622. A bill to increase to full an­ country to avoid. further military service; full employment and. restore a diversified. nuities the reduced. civil service retirement to the Committee on Armed Services. production base; to amend. the Internal Rev· annuities of certain employees who retired. By Mr. BROTZMAN: enue Code of 1954 to stem the outflow of before July 18, 1966; to the Committee on H. Con. Res. 87. Concurrent resolution to U.S. capital, jobs, technology, and produc­ Post Office and. Civil Service. direct the Executive to take positive steps to tion, and. for other purposes; to the Commit­ By Mr. THOMSON of Wisconsin: efl'ect freedom of emigration for certain tee on Ways and. Means. H.R. 2623. A blll to amend the Soil Con­ citizens of the Soviet Union currently denied H.R. 2612. A bill to create a national sys­ servation and Domestic Allotment Act to es­ that right; to the Committee on Foreign tem of health security; to the Committee on tablish an improved. rural environmental pro­ Afl'airs. Ways and. Means. tection program, and. for other purposes; to ByMr.DORN: By Mr. MIZELL: the Committee on Agriculture. H. Con. Res. 88. Concurrent resolution au­ H.R. 2613. A bill to provide that the funds By Mr. ULLMAN (for himself, Mrs. thorizing certain printing for the Committee allocated for fiscal year 1973 under the rural GREEN of Oregon, and. Mr. WYATT): on Veterans' Afl'airs; to the Committee on environmental assistance program shall be H.R. 2624. A bill to provide for the estab­ House Administration. expended.; to the Committee on Agriculture. lishment of the Hells Canyon National Forest By Mr. EDWARDS of Alabama: By ;Mr. MOORHEAD of Pennsylvania Parklands; to the Committee on Interior and. H. Con. Res. 89. Concurrent resolution ex­ (for himself, Mr. MORGAN, Mr. CLARK, Insular Afl'airs. pressing the sense of the Congress that the Mr. DENT, Mr. BADU..Lo, Mr. MizELL, By Mr. WHALEN: Federal Government should. use recycled pa­ Mr. HEINZ. and Mr. BENITEZ) : H.R. 2625. A bill to repeal the Connally per products to the fullest extent possible; H.R. 2614. A bill to provide for the striking Hot Oil Act; to the Committee on Interstate to the Committee on House Administra­ of medals in commemoration of Roberto and. Foreign Commerce. tion. Walker Clemente; to the Committee on H.R. 2626. A blll to terminate the oil im­ By Mr. DELLUMS: Banking and. Currency. port control program; to the Committee on H. Res. 148. Resolution to abolish the Com­ By Mr. PEYSER (for himself, Mr. Ao­ Ways and Means. mittee ox: Internal Security and. enlarge the DABBO, Mr. ANDERSON of California, ByMr.ZWACH: jurisdiction o_f the Committee on the Judici­ Mr. ANDERSON Of Illinois, Mr. BELL, H.R. 2627. A blll to require the Secretary of ary; to the Committee on Rules. Mr. BROWN of California, Mrs. CHIS­ Agriculture to carry out a rural environmen­ By Mr. DORN: HOLM, Mr. COUGHLIN, Mr. FORSYTHE, tal assistance program; to the Committee on H. Res. 149. Resolution to provide funds Mr. GROVER, Mr. HANRAHAN, Mr. Agriculture. for the expenses of the investigation and HELSTOSKI, Mr. KEMP, Mr. McKIN­ By Mr. BINGHAM (for himself, Mr. study authorized. by House Resolution 134 NEY, Mr. MOAKLEY, Mr. PETTIS, Mr. BUCHANAN, Mr. MAzZOLI. Mrs. MINK, of the 93d. Congress; to the Committee on ST<:>KEs, Mr. RIEGLE, Mr. RoBISON of Mr. MITcHELL of Maryland., Mr. House Administration. New York, Mr. RONCALLO of New MOAKLEY, Mr. MOORHEAD Of Penn­ By Mr. FRENZEL: Yo ~·k, Mr. RosTENKOWSKI, Mr. WoLFF, sylvania, Mr. PARRIS, and Mr. Po­ H. Res. 150. Resolution calling upon the Mr. WRIGHT, and. Mr. YOUNG Of DELL): Voice of America to broadcast in the Yiddish Georgia): H.J. Res. 215. Joint resolution proposing an language to Soviet Jewry; to the Commit­ H.R. 2615. A bill to repeal section 15 of the amendment to the Constitution of the tee on Foreign Affairs. Urban Mass Transit Act of 1964, to remove United. States relat.mg to the election of the certain limitations on the amount of grant President and. Vice President; to the Com­ assistance which may be available in any one mittee on the Judiciary. State; to the Committee on Banking and By Mr. BURKE of Massachusetts (for PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS Currency. himself, Mr. ROSTENKOWSKI, Mr. By Mr. RAILSBACK: ANNUNZIO, Mr. BADILLO, Mr. CLARK, Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private H.R. 2616. A bill to make rules respecting Mr. CORMAN, Mr. DANIELSON, Mr. bills and resolutions were introduced and mi11tary hostilities in the absence of a decla­ DENHOLM, Mr. DONOHUE, Mr. FLOOD, severally referred as follows: ration of war; to the Committee on Foreign Mr. GREEN of Pennsylvania, Mrs. By Mr. ANNUNZIO: Affairs. HECKLER of Massachusetts, Mr. KLu­ H.R. 2628. A bill for the relief of Anka H.R. 2617. A bill to amend the Social Se­ czYNsKI, Mr. lVlADDEN, Mr. PIKE, Mr. Kosanovic; to the Committee on the Judi- curity Act to provide for medical and hos­ PRICE of illinois, Mr. QUIE, Mr. REUSS, ciary. pital care through a system of voluntary Mr. RIEGLE, Mr. STRATTON, Mr. YATES, By Mr. BELL: health insurance including protection against and Mr. WOLFF) : H.R. 2629. A bill for the relief of Leonard the catastrophic expenses of illness, financed H.J. Res. 216. Joint resolution to authorize Alfred. Brownrigg; to the Committee on the in whole for low-income groups through issu­ the emergency importation of oil into the Judiciary. ance of certificates, and in part for all other United States; to the Committee on Ways By Mr. BINGHAM: persons through allowance of tax credits; and and Means. H.R. 2630. A bill for the relief of Edward. N. to provide effective utllization of available By Mr. DELLUMS: Evans; to the Committee on the Judiciary. financial resources, health manpower, and. fa­ H.J. Res. 217. Joint resolution proposing an H.R. 2631. A bill for the relief of Ivan Au­ cilities; to the Committee on Ways and amendment to the Constitution of the United gustus Palmer; to the Committee on the Means. States lowering the age requirements for membership in the Houses of Congress; to Judiciary. H.R. 2618. A bill to amend the Social Se­ H.R. 2632. A bill for the relief of Lena S. curity Act to require employers to make an the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. FINDLEY (for himself, Mr. Tlllma.n; to the Committee on the Judiciary. approved. basic health care plan available to By Mr. DELLUMS: their employees, to provide a family health O'NEILL, Mr. CLARK, Ms. ABzuG, and Mrs. BURKE of California) : H.R. 2633. A bill for the relief of Col. John insurance plan for low income families not H. Sherman; to the Committee on the covered by an employer's basic health care H.J. Res. 218. Joint resolution to create an Atlantic Union delegation; to the Committee Judiciary. plan, to facilitate provision of health serv­ By Mr. DRINAN: ices to beneficiaries of the family health on Foreign Affairs. By Mrs. GRASSO: H.R. 2634. A bill for the relief of Kevin insurance plan by health maintenance orga­ Patrick Saunders; to the Committee on the nizations, by prohibiting State law interfer­ H.J. Res. 219. Joint resolution to retain May 30 as Memorial Day and. November 11 Judiciary. ence with such organizations providing such By Mr. HANSEN of Idaho: services, and. for other purposes; to the Com­ as Veterans Day; to the Committee on the Judiciary. H.R. 2635. A blll for the relief of Walter M. mittee on Ways and. Means. Piccirillo, his wife, Emma Piccirillo, and their By Mr. ROYBAL: By Mr. RAILSBACK: H.R. 2619. A bill to amend. title 10 of the H.J. Res. 220. Joint resolution proposing an children, Marlo Picclrillo and Daniel Pic­ United States Code to establish special amendment to the Constitution of the United cir111o; to the Committee on the Judiciary. J

JaniUJ/ry · 22., 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS · 1761' ..

By Mr. HASTINGS: Dl.; to the Committee on the Judiciary. sloner of the U.S. Court of Claims; to the H.R. 2636. A bill for the relief of Jean At­ H.R. 2640. A b111 for the relief of Howard Committee on the Judiciary. bertha Service Gordon; to the Committee on D. Harden; to the Committee on the Judi­ the Judiciary. ciary. By Mr. LONG of Maryland: By Mr. WYATI': PETITIONS, ETC. H.R. 2637. A bill for the relief of Peter Bos­ B.R. 2641. A b111 for the relief of Chester Under clause 1 of rule XXII, petitions cas. deceased; to the Committee on the c. Clark, Mary L. Clark, and Dorothy .J. Wil­ and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk .Judiciary. bur, copartners doing business under the and referred as follows: By Mr. MURPHY of New York: firm name of Alsea Veneer; to the Committee 30. By the SPEAKER: Petition of the Board H.R. 2638. A bill for the relief of Koo Po L1 on the Judiciary. of Selectmen, Brookline, Mass., relative to and Yuk Klu L1; to the Committee on the By Mr. FASCELL: the rehabllltatlon loan program; to the Com­ Judiciary. H. Res. 151. Resolution referring the bl11 mittee on Banking and Currency. By Mr. RAILSBACK: H.R. 2209 entitled "A bl11 for the relief of 31. Also, petition of Louis Mira, Chino, B.R. 2639. A bill to provide for the relief the Cuban Truck and Equipment Co., its cam;., relative to redress of grievances; to of Sandstrom Products Co. of Fort Byron, heirs and assignees" to the Chief Commls- the Committee on the Judiciary.

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS APOLLO 17 that be a flower or a country, I thank God edito1ial in the RECORD and I would rec­ that our country has chosen to grow. ommend its reading to my colleagues and Mr. Speaker, it was my privilege, in all of the other interested people who HON. EDWARD P. BOLAND company with other Members of Con­ read the RECORD: OF MASSACHUSETTS gress, to witness aboard the primary re­ AND YOUR RIGHT To KNOW IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES covery ship, the U.S.S. Ticonderoga, the Two bllls which would further guarantee incredibly perfect splashdown of the the public's right to know wlll be introduced Monday, January 22, 1973 Apollo 17 command module and the re­ when Congress reconvenes this month. Mr. BOLAND. Mr. Speaker, the House Minnesota's Sixth District Congressman covery operations on December 19, 1972. John Zwach announced recently that his of Representatives welcomes today three I extend my congratulations to Capt. proposed legislation would "require that all truly intrepid, courageous, brtll1ant Norman K. Green and his entire crew on meetings of government agencies at which Americans--the crew of Apollo 17- the U.S.S. Ticonderoga. Comdr. E. E. Da­ omclal action is taken, or discussed, shall be Capt. Eugene A. Cernan, Capt. Ronald E. hill III, officer in charge of the HC-1 open to the public except on matters affect­ Evans. and Dr. Harrison H. Schmitt. recovery helos, Lt. Jon Smart, officer in ing national security or internal management Their remarkable, practically flawless command of Underwater Demolition of an agency." 12%-day flight to the moon and back Team 11, and all of their crews for their Zwach's measure also stipulates that meet­ ings of congressional committees be open to marked the :final mission in the Apollo masterful performance in the recovery the public. Furthermore, it would require program of lunar exploration-the last of the spaceship America. that a transcript of all meetings be made 1n this series of man's most magnificent Mr. Speaker, I include with these re­ available to the public, and would provide and courageous adventures. While this marks the thanksgiving offered by Chap­ for court enforcement of the open meeting was the last of the Apollo missions, it lain John A. Ecker, lieutenant com­ requirements. was certainly not the least. Quite the mander, U.S. Navy, upon the safe return Meanwhile in the Senate, Oregon's Mark contrary, Apollo 17 was clearly the most of these distinguished American astro­ Hatfield will introduce a bill that would help successful of the seven manned lunar nauts: reporters protect their sources of Informa­ tion. landing missions. Astronauts Ceman, The heavens declare your glory, Oh Lord­ "For nearly 200 years a free press has served Schmitt, and Evans brought to earth the the planets, the sun, the moon, and the stars this country as a balance to government," largest payload of lunar material from which you set In place. In humble gratitude Hatfield said. "Its unbridled voice is as vital perhaps the most complex geological we thank you for the safe return from your today as it was in 1776." area visited during the entire Apollo pro­ heaven of these pioneers In space. May their However, the senator continued, the First achievements contribute to the unity of Amendment freedoms are repeatedly being gram. The mission logged more hours mankind and peace for all of your people in than any previous lunar landing includ­ threatened by recent court decisions eroding this holy season. Amen. the ability of reporters to present Informa­ ing the longest time ever in lunar orbit tion to the American public. and a record total of almost 1 full day "Congress must act to see that undue judi­ in extravehicular activity. While the cial interference is removed from the news Apollo program has ended, the efforts AND YOUR RIGHT TO KNOW gathering and dissemination process," Hat­ of these brave men have provided us field said. invaluable data on the origins of the The announcements of these two proposals moon and form the first stepping stone HON. JOHN M. ZW ACH come at a point in America's history when the public's right to news is being challenged 1n man's effort to grasp and understand OF MINNESOTA like at no other time previously. Unfortu­ his place in the universe. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES On a broader scale, the success of nately, despite the guarantees in the First Monday, January 22, 1973 Amendment, legislation such as these meas­ Apollo 17 highlighted a year in which ures has become a necessity to secure your NASA recorded a perfect launch record Mr. ZWACH. Mr. Speaker, in all of my right to know. For this reason, it is important for the first time. In all, this past year years of public office, I always have been that Zwach's and Hatfield's bills receive sup­ saw the space agency accomplish 18 a strong supporter of the people's right to port not only from newspaper, magazine and straight flawless launches. As the year know what their Government, local, television people, but also from the general public. For in reality, the fight is yours just before us unfolds, I look with confidence State, and Federal, is doing. as much as It is ours in the news media. to NASA to continue its :fine work in I firmly believe in freedom of informa­ space science, applications, aeronautics, tion and I have introduced legislation to and space technology. And as we ap­ open Government meetings to the press. proach the launching of the Skylab I have also introduced legislation to pro­ INDIA SHOULD FREE POW'S space laboratory later this spring, I am tect news sources. reminded of Captain Cernan's eloquent The need for such legislation and the words as he stood onboard the Ticon­ support it is receiving is typi:fled by the HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI deroga last month: following editorial written by Publisher OF ILLINOIS Nothing is impossible in this world, when Lynn Smith and which recentlY appeared IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES dedicated people are involved. And it's a in the Monticello Times, a newspaper fundamental law of nature, that either you printed weekly in our Minnesota Sixth Monday, January 22, 1973 must grow, or you must die. Whether that Congressional District. Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, an edi­ be an Idea, whether that be a man, whether Mr. Speaker, I insert Publisher Smith's torial in the Chicago Tribune of Wednes- 1762 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS. Jan-uary 22, 1973 day, January 17, discussing the continued sighted new town developments through­ ventlonally thought of as low-use land; a complications that the Government of out the country. Unlike the typical new plan for acquisition of the site and develop­ India is causing for its neighbor, Paki­ towns which are being developed today, ment of about half the land, asking federal, stan, is, I believe, an extremely timely the Minnesota Experimental City or state, and private cooperation; and creation of a quasi-public corporation to begin devel­ and accurate commentary on the situa­ MXC for short will be a new town in oping tho city. tion. the true sense of the word and not merely The early dreams for the new cit y were It is indeed ironic that a government a bedroom community for an existing technological: which presumes to lecture anyone else urban center. The current session of the -No cars. "There must be ways of movi ng on the conduct of foreign policy has a Minnesota Legislature will be asked to people without having cars in the city." Cur­ truly treacherous record in its conduct make some crucial decisions on land rently, MXC is studying guideways on which of foreign affairs and, in this particular acquisition. While a favorable decision cars could be hitched without their motors by the legislature is by no means assured, running, and ways to transport people case, is in violation of the Geneva Con­ quickly without cars at all. vention. if the green light is given, MXC will -Efficient land use. Recycled water and The editorial follows: have cleared a major hurdle and the waste systems are possible technically. "The INDIA SHOULD FREE POW's prospects for completing this unique ur­ city should mirror the ecological balance of India, the great hair splitter, should re­ ban experiment will be considerably ad­ the rural land it sits on," said MXC urban lease forthwith the 93,000 Pakistani soldiers vanced. This would, indeed, be good news design consultant Nell Pinney. still held as prisoners of war a year after the for those of us who see the need for new -New housing. Dwellings that would bet­ two nations stopped fighting each other. The and imaginative solutions to our many ter suit individual preferences, many built Geneva. Convention of 1949 states that pris­ pressing urban problems. by their owners, are possible and sensible. oners shall be released and repatriated after this -Enclosure. Parts of the city might be en­ I would like at point to include closed, an experiment in climate-control and the cessation of active hostilities. the full article in the RECORD: India. itself proclaimed a cease-fire after its effects on people and costs. the fighting a year ago. A resolution voted [From the Christian Science Monitor, -Tunnel corridors. An underground com­ by the United Nations Security Council stated Jan. 11, 19731 plex of tunnels could provide an accessible that not only a. cease-fire but "a cessation of MINNESOTA'S ExPERIMENTAL CITY-LABORA­ movement zone for utilities, services, and hostilities" prevailed. TORY FOR URBAN LIVING some goods such as mall. In the !ace of both this record and the Ge­ (By Stephen Sllha) -Telecommunications. The city would be neva. Convention, how can India justify hold­ wired for two-way communication with MINNEAPOLIS.-A generation of new cities ing Pakistan's soldiers at all-let alone un­ others and with information sources such as is in the making. electronic newspapers and computers. der the deplorable conditions existing? So says James Alcott, who has been work­ The reason, an Indian spokesman told The ing for three years on one of them-an INFORMATION CENTER PLANNED Tribune's Joseph Zullo at the U.N. is that a experimental city of no more than 250,000, But, in drawing up plans for a city con­ cease-fire is "not the same as a. cessation of to be built from scratch In the wilds of ceived as an "information center" rather than hostilities.'' With respect to the new nation Minnesota. a manufacturing trade center, the cityists of Bangladesh, Pakistan is "in an attitude In 1990, he envisions, a group of "pioneers" decided that learning--or education-would of hostilities in suspension." will be living in homes that may be shaped be a central function. To find a semantic difference between like mushrooms. They'll have videophones, So they hired Ron Barnes, a former uni­ "cease-fire" and "cessation of hostilities" re­ but no cars. Money may not be used. Though versity administrator who started a statewide quires hair splitting of a high order of skill. surrounded by neighbors, a "primitive" at­ "new school" teacher-retraining program in To go a step farther and find a difference be­ mosphere will pervade most of the city. North Dakota, to direct educational planning tween a "cessation of hostilities" and a "sus­ The project--unique among the other work for the city. pension of hostilities" calls for a virtuosity now going on by architects and designers "We soon realized that we couldn't talk in word twisting that borders on the dazzling. in the United States and Europe-is called about education without linking at all the It is obvious that India is holding the the Minnesota Experimental City or MXC systems of the city-transportation, health, 93,00Q-along with 16,000 civilians-as dip­ for short, first suggested by inventor Athel­ safety, communications," Mr. Barnes said. lomatic hostages. A spokesman for the New stan Spilhaus in 1966 and financed since "We redefined living as learning, and made Delhi delegation told Mr. Zullo that the Pak­ then by federal, state, and private money. everyone in the city part of our education istani forces surrendered to the "joint com­ It faces a crucial test before the Minnesota program." mand" of Indian and Bangladesh forces and Legislature early this year. The "learning system," which city planners that their release depends on the acquies­ see as central to government, health, environ­ cence of Bangladesh. In other words, Pakistan Architect Paolo Soler! in Arizona is build­ ing with his students an experimental com­ ment, and citizen awareness, includes a com­ must recognize this breakaway state which munity he calls an "archology," an attempt puter matching process, not unlike computer has proclaimed independence with India's to put a large number of people on a small dating, that would allow older "students" to backing-or it can't have the POWs. amount of land. find the information or resources they need The Geneva Convention says nothing about European countries, notably Finland, for the individualized learning programs. The the recognition of anyone by anyone; it says Sweden, France, and England, have been learning system also plans localized "begin­ that prisoners shall be released after the building new cities, out of post-war and ning-life centers," where young learners can shooting stops. Its intention is clear. Send the land-squeeze necessity, since the 1920's. But explore with each other or with parents and soldiers home as quickly as possible. none pretends to be the "international urban can discover how to use the learning system. India is not in compliance with this con­ laboratory" proposed for the Minnesota city. Some experiments discussed for MXC's vention. The stalling would be wrong no mat­ "post-industrial economy'': ter who engaged in it. It seems especially The '"new town" projects blossoming across the U.S.--startlng with Columbia, Md.; The city, expected to boost falling rural deplorable when a rule of international con­ economies, probably will include both urban duct is flouted by this self-appointed moral Reston, Va.; and now Irvine, Calif.; Lake and rural areas. adviser to the world, which has pointed ac­ Havasu City, Ariz.; and Jonathan, Minn.; A credit system and skill exchange, already cusing fingers at so many other nations for "are better than suburbs but not much dif­ becoming more prevalent in existing cities, many fancied wrongs. Here is a real wrong. ferent," Mr. Alcott says. eventually could displace money a.s an indi­ and the perpetrator has turned strangely As innovative real-estat e developments, cator of wealth. the new towns, some federally funded, serve blind to the outrage of it. More self-sufficiency will be required 1n a.s support communities for existing urban food production and distribution. centers. New cooperative linkages of business. The MXC project, to be at least 100 miles homes, government, and service institutions from any urban development, takes a differ­ MINNESOTA'S EXPERIMENTAL CITY will become possible. (Mr. Alcott says his ent approach. design team is discussing the age-old plan­ Mr. Alcott sees the new city as a chance ning problem of how to involve future citi­ HON. BILL FRENZEL to get to the roots of America's urban prob­ zens in present planning. A computer net­ lems-sprawl, crime, poor education, waste work has been suggested.) OF ll4lNNESOTA of resources, human degradation. The ap- MANY CHANGES NEEDED IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES proach aims beneath !ace-lifts and urban­ renewal to a restructuring of attitudes be­ "To do anything really experimental in our Monday, January 22, 1973 hind the physical form of the city. country today a great many laws, codes,. Mr. FRENZEL. Mr. Speaker, a recent customs, and concepts must be changed," says wn.L STATE APPROVE? Otto Silha, Minneapolis newspaper publisher article in the Christian Science Monitor Early this year, its fate may be decided by who spearheads the city project, chairing a by Stephen Silha suggests that Minne­ the state Legislature. At stake are approval national steering com.mlttee of such diverse sota's experimental city project could of one of two 50,000-acre sites in the central backers as Gen. Bernard A. Schriever (re­ well become the model for other far- part of the state, rurally dominated and con- sponsible !or the Atlas missile development), January· 22, 1973 EXTENSIONS 0~ "REMARKS 1763 inventor-scientist R. Buckmlnster Fuller, and emergency loans to farmers In disaster areas Yet when social security is increased, Sen. Hubert H. Humphrey. where storms and other bad weather have their veterans payment is reduced in Mr. Sllha expects the state of Minnesota lnfiicted severe losses to crops, livestock and kind. to support MXC's new land-use ideas. Pri­ other property. As a substitute, the federal This is simply not fair. Veterans should vately, many lawyers and legislators ln Min­ government is increasing the amount of nesota give the project about a 50 percent money available under its ..farm operating be entitled to receive the level of pen­ chance of survival at this point. loan" program but borrowers will pay higher sions received prior to social security in­ interest rates. Under the eliminated pro­ creases. Many such veterans are living gram, the first $5,000 was "forgiveable" which marginal existences, their retirement in­ in effect, made that amount a gift. comes rapidly eroded by inflation. Quite A CALL FOR ECONOMY ACROSS THE 3. Two conservation programs for which a few live in my Sixth Congressional Dis­ Congress had authorized spending more than trict of Florida, and I am personally BOARD $200 million a year. One involved paying farmers to carry out anti-pollution and con­ aware of the hardships these veterans servation measures on their land. The other and their families must undergo. HON. H. R. GROSS program was designed to help landowners For this reason, I have introduced H.R. OF IOWA In designated areas preserve migratory water­ 1306, a bill aimed at protecting veterans IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES fowl habitats. pensions by offsetting the losses caused Monday, January 22, 1973 President Nixon obviously has concluded by social security increases. If this meas­ that these programs are no longer vital to ure is adopted, veterans will be able to Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, the Water­ the economy and the national interest--or at benefit fully from the recent 20-percent loo, Iowa, Daily Courier of January 3, least that their cost outweighed their advan­ hike in social security benefits and see 1973, contained an excellent editorial on tages. It is unfortunate that Nixon's budget ax is their standard of living maintained with the subject of budget cutting by the Pres­ hitting rural America, including Iowa, at a the rest of our senior citizens. ident. time when unusual late autumn and early These men and women have served the I have long been an advocate of econ­ winter weather 1s adversely affecting the Nation with distinction. Many have omy in government at all levels, and it farm economy. risked their lives to preserve the free­ is a question today of reducing Federal This situation increases the psychological, doms we all enjoy. It simply does not spending or watching this Nation con­ if not the actual, impact of eliminating fed­ eral rural aid programs. make sense to reduce their hard-earned tinue on the road to the poorhouse. veterans pensions simply because social I intend to support President Nixon if And Isn't a marginal farmer who has been hard-hit by a natural disaster as much justi­ security benefits have been increased. he is embarked on a genuinely motivated fied In receiving federal assistance as, say, a. The Congress must insure our veterans campaign to reduce Federal spending low-income urban family? receive every benefit due them. Our vet­ and through that and other means stop Reduced federal spending, however, 1s a erans have a right to expect no less. or greatly minimize the inflation that commendable goal and it must be achieved if has been tearing at the vitals of the the nation 1s to avoid either tax increases or country. another round of damaging infiation. But, as the Courier editorial points As a. "lame duck" President constitution­ ally barred from seeking a third term, Nix­ FOR THE RELIEF OF HOWARD D. out, the budget ax must be aimed at on can act with a. great deal of political in­ HARDEN urban programs as well as those for farm dependence-not only in cutting federal and rural areas. There must be cuts spending but in reducing the over-all role of across the board. government. HON. TOM RAILSBACK Before I endorse the President's econ­ And now-shortly after his re-election and OF ILLINOIS nearly two years before the next Congres­ omy drive, I will want to know what he IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVE!! proposes for all departments and agen­ sional election-is the time for Nixon to cies of the Government, and in particu­ act. Monday, January 22, 1973 Federal programs should be limited to lar I want to know what he proposes to those areas where there are vital national Mr. RAll.JSBACK. Mr. Speaker, I am do with the wasteful, multibillion-dollar needs which only government can meet. today introducing a private bill for the annual foreign aid program that has de­ Then, as times and needs change, such pro­ relief of Mr. Howard D. Harden of Rose­ pleted so much of this Nation's wealth grams demand constant revisions, updating ville, Ill. over the years. or elimination. After a diagnosis of a malignant lym­ I commend the editors of the Waterloo But the Nixon administration must not phoma, Mr. Harden received social se­ Courier for calling for reductions in every wield its economy ax solely against the rela­ curity disability benefits from Septem­ area of the Federal Government and I tively less politically powerful rural areas. The President now should take a long hard ber 1967 to November 1969. His benefits include the editorial for insertion in the look at other programs such as those dealing were then retroactively denied him by RECORD at this point: with defense, social welfare and urban prob­ the Social Secw·ity Administration when NIXON BUDGET Ax MUST SWING WmE lems. he advised them that he was attempting President Nixon swung a sharp economy ax Where there is waste, inefficiency, dupli­ to perform some of his farmwork despite in the last week of 1972 and eliminated a cation, ineffectiveness--or where a vital na­ his disabilities. Consequently, Mr. Har­ number of rural-oriented programs in an tional need no longer exists-the budget­ den is now liable to the Government for effort to adhere to his goal of a $250 billion cutting ax should fall. budget. This should include even politically power­ almost $4,000. The angubhed and loud-but natural and ful urban areas. One of the purposes of the Social Se­ expected--outcries of protest against these curity Act is to give financial assistance cost-cutting actions indicate how politically to sick and disabled citizens. The action difficult It is to reduce or eliminate any well­ of our Government in a case like this entrenched government programs. VETERANS PENSIONS MUST BE not only negates a purpose of the Social It now remains to be seen whether Presi­ PROTECTED Security Act, but it imposes a severe eco­ dent Nixon will ewing the same budget ax nomic hardship on a sick man. In Mr. with equal vigor against many costly but relatively ineffective urban-oriented pro­ Harden's case, the action taken is, I be­ grams-especially those which are falling to HON. C. W. BILL YOUNG live, a real travesty of justice. solve social problems. These might be even OF FLORIDA In the first session of the 92d Con­ better targets. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES gress, I introduced legislation to relieve The Nixon administration last week an­ Mr. Harden of his liability to the United nounced elimination of: Monday, January 22, 1973 States. The Department of Health, Ed­ 1. The Federal program which provides 2 Mr. YOUNG of Florida. Mr. Speaker, ucation, and Welfare failed to submit per cent direct loans for rural electric and telephone facilities. The money now will have Americans living on hard-earned vet­ a report on the bill, and, as a result, no to be obtained from private lenders with erans pensions are being unjustly treated further action was taken by the Judi­ the government insuring and guaranteeing by a system which gives with one hand ciary Committee. I am today reintroduc­ the loans. The rate on guaranteed loans and takes away with the other. Many of ing the private relief bill for Mr. Harden would be 5 per cent. our veterans have earned social security in the hope it will receive more favor­ 2. Farmers Home Administration (FHA) benefits as well as their veterans pension. able consideration in the 93d Congress. 1764 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 2 .~, 1973 NEW YORK CITY NEEDS CURFEW of a curfew on aircraft operations between night flight llmitations. The agreement began ON JET NOISE 10 p.m. and 7 a.m., the hours normally used in 1966 and has worked rather well. Only for sleeping. minor adjustments by the airlines were The Department of Transportation, in a needed in rescheduling flights to conform. HON. BENJAMIN S. ROSENTHAL shift of policy, has removed its objections Similar restrictions exist in Los Angeles, and OF NEW YORK to such actions by local governments. In a Fresno, California; Boise, Idaho, and most brief filed with the U.S. Supreme Court last major European cities. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES week, the DOT stated, "There simply is no The important thing to remember about a Monday, January 22, 1973 general federal policy in favor of night flights curfew is that the cost is minimal, there is by jet aircraft over densely populated resi­ no question of compromising safety, no new Mr. ROSENTHAL. Mr. Speaker, the dential districts, irrespective of environmen­ technology is needed and it would yield im­ Department of Transportation has re­ tal consequences.... " mediate, positive results. A curfew is not the moved its objections to local governments In light of this, I urge you to introduce ultimate solution, but it is a viable short­ setting curfews on jet aircraft takeoffs and work for strong legislation to curtall term answer that will provide immediate and landings in an effort to combat noise takeoffs and landings during normal sleep­ relief to millions of persons. It is meant to pollution. ing hours at the city's airports. Since this complement, not replace such long-term is essentially an environmental question, solutions as quieter engines and improved In light of this action, I have written I feel strongly that the enforcement respon­ operational procedures. to Mayor John V. Lindsay of New York, sibility should rest with the city's Environ­ I hope you will take the lead in making urging him to introduce and work for l!lental Protection Administration. New York City a quieter place to live and strong legislation in city council to estab­ I have introduced related national legis­ work by introducing legislation to curtail lish a 10 p.m. to 7 a.m. curfew at the lation in the House and it has received bi­ nighttime jet operations. If I can be of any city's airports. partisan support. I would like to see New help, please feel free to call on me. I have introduced related legislation­ York City lead the nation in the move to­ Best personal regards. H.R. 1073, the Airport Curfew Commis­ ward a quieter, more peaceful environment Sincerely, by taking the initiative on the local level. BENJAMIN S. ROSENTHAL, sion Act-to deal with this problem at It would be a mistake to wait for the Port Member of Congress. the na tiona! level. But there is no need Authority or the airlines to take action on for individual cities to wait for the Con­ their own volition. My own experience has gress to act, especially now that DOT has shown they are unwilling even to discuss withdrawn its objections to such moves. the matter, much less do anything about CONGRESSMAN ANNUNZIO PRO­ This does not lessen the need for Fed­ it. The only answer, unfortunately, appears to be stiffer government regulation. POSES ILLINOIS AND CHICAGO eral action; indeed, it makes it more de­ The community residents near the airports TO ACT AS OFFICIAL HOST FOR sirable, because we need a coordinated, suffer the consequences of decades of neglect THE 500TH ANNIVERSARY CELE­ nationwide effort to meet the problem. of the noise pollution problem. Most of them BRATION OF AMERICA'S DISCOV­ But cities can find immediate relief to have ltved in New York City for many years. ERY BY CHRISTOPHER CO­ their aircraft noise pollution by enact­ They live in established communities and not LUMBUS ing a curfew, and its costs nothing, there in hurriedly-assembled subdivision tracts. is no question of compromising safety Most of them were there before the jets and no new technology is needed. arrived. HON. FRANK ANNUNZIO They used to live in comfortable, conven­ I am inserting in the RECORD at this ient neighborhoods which, while noisier per­ OF ILLINOIS point my letter to Mayor Lindsay: haps than rural areas, nonetheless struck a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, reasonable balance between city hustle and Washington, D.C., January 19, 1973. bustle and suburban quietness. But today, Saturday, January 20, 1973 Hon. JoHN V. LINDSAY, the balance is gone. Now these poeple come Mr. ANNUNZIO. Mr. Speaker, I have Mayor, City of New Yor, home from their jobs and find themselves reintroduced in the Congress a concur­ City Hall, beneath an intolerable roar as jetliner after New York, N.Y. jetliner screeches over their roofs. The night rent resolution designating the State of DEAR JoHN: Increasingly, and at a ver-g does not bring peace to them because airports Illinois and the city of Chicago as the disturbing rate. residents of New York City do not understand or recognize the citizen's host for the official celebration of the are furiously complaining about the sleep­ right to quiet. 500th anniversary of America's discovery shattering whine and roar of jet aircraft These city dwellers have lost that balance by Christopher Columbus. operating out of LaGuardia and Kennedy air­ of toleration which once existed in their In proposing the selection of my State ports. The comulatnts have been present for neighborhoods. They find that their homes and my city for such an honor, I do so some time but are even more vociferous offer not less, but more noise, more distrac­ in keeping with a grand tradition. For today because the Port Authority and those tion and more simple human discomfort responsible have failed to substantially re­ than their jobs in the heart of the city. when the country rallied as one man, in duce engine noise levels. The number of flights during normal sleep­ 1892, to hail our national discovery and Acoustics el£"9erts have said that everyone ing hours is relatively small. At LaGuardia, the accomplishments of Christopher Co­ living in a city could be stone deaf by the for example, about 7.2% of the total opera­ lumbus, the outstanding attraction of the year 2000 if noise levels keep rising at the tions were conducted between 10 p.m. and 7 year was the first World's Fair-the Co­ present rate. Noise pollution is becoming a a.m. during a nine-month period from June lumbus Exposition-and the site of the serious health hazard. Urban noise has been 1970 to March 1971, according to the Federal event was Chicago, Ill. rising at the rate of one decibel a year and Aviation Administration. This may seem like if it continues every urban dweller will be a small number-about 67 total flights per One hundred years ago the Columbus deaf by the end of this century, less than night--unless you happen to live nearby. exhibition exalted, for the first time, cul­ SO years from now. Then the din of the aircraft becomes almost tural accomplishments of all Americans, Noise, like so many other forms of pollu­ unbearable. Aircraft noise during the normal of all races, and even more dramatical­ tion, is a product of our technological ad­ sleeping hours has a compounding impact ly of both sexes--declaring that they ri­ vancement. But this need not be. Pollution on residents because the noise cannot be as­ valed, in fact those of any other people does not have to be the price of progress. similated as it is during the day with other anywhere on earth. Noise is more than uncomfortable. It ts noises. One jetliner taking oft' at midnight The great Chicago novelist, Henry B. debllitating. It can and does interfere with has ten times the effective noise impact of our sleep, our work and our leisure. the same plane taking off at noon. Fuller, wrote of this occasion: Studies have indicated that loss of effi­ This point cannot be overly emphasized. For the first time cosmopolitans visited the ciency due to noisy working conditions could FAA records of scheduled air flights on an western world, for the first time woman pub­ be reducing our Gross National Product by average day during March 1972 shows that licly came into her own, for the first time several billion dollars a year. Millions more there were 29 scheduled arrivals and depart­ on a grand scale, art was made vitally mani­ in potential workman's compensation claims ures during the stated nine-hour period out feat to the American consciousness. Con­ are believed generated annually by noise-in­ of a total of 716 regularly scheduled flights. gresses on social reform, woman's progress, duced hearing losses in perhaps as many as Twenty-six of these operations were jet air­ science and philosophy, literature, education, 15 million American workers. There is evi­ craft. These flights represent a constant and commerce, were held. Theodore Dresier dence of a close relatio71ship between noise bombardment to nearby residents, especially declared: exposure and. body fatigue as well as psy­ during the night time hours when their noise All at once and out of nothing, in this chologic'tl a-nd social stresses. disturbance is at its worst. city of six or seven hundred thousand which City Council has recognized this by enact­ Washington National Airport prohibits but a few years before had been a wllderness ing a strong anti-noise code, which you pro­ scheduled jet commercial traffic between 10 of wet grass and mud flats, and by this posed. Follow-up action dealing with the p.m. and 7 a.m. The FAA, which nms Na­ lake which but a hundred years before was specific problem of aircraft noise pollution tional, and the airlines operating out of the a lone silent waste, had been reared this vast is now needed. I suggest this take the form airport, have a voluntary agreement on the and harmonious collection of perfectly con- January 22, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1765 structed and shadowy buildings, containing hotel, motel, and restaurant facilities in an outlet for expression and understand­ in their delightful interiors the artistic, me­ Chicago are among the most outstand­ ing of the conditions under which the chanical and scientific achievements of the ing in our country. Chicago has long peoples of these captive nations are re­ world. been recognized as the convention city quired to exist. For many years the Columbus expo­ and as such has established a fine record Again this year, I am enjoying my col­ sition was to have its effect upon the of meeting the needs of countless visitors leagues in pleading with our leadership country, infiuencing the art, the archi­ to the heartland of America. to create a Special Committee on the tecture, a.nd the literature of our entire By selecting lliinois as the o:flicial host Captive Nations. These peoples need and society. It was indeed a grand event, and for this celebration, Americans residing want our help and support in their quest was for several decades treated with the on the east and west coasts would be for freedom and we must help them. greatest respect by cultural historians the given the opportunity to become better world over. Only the coming of the world acquainted with the marvelous develop­ wars and the nuclear age has dimmed its ment of America's great Midwest area. recollection, but the fact of its cultural The tremendous growth of commercial, VIETNAM NEGOTIATIONS importance remains unchallenged. industrial, and cultural activities in the In the process of considering the site hub of America I feel best typifies the HON. LESLIE C. ARENDS for the approaching SOOth anniversary of progress of civilization that has been OF ILLINOIS the Columbus discovery, I would like to made in the New World, the discovery note that in 1971 the Dlinois General of which the proposed quincentennial IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Assembly passed Senate Joint Resolu­ celebration is to commemorate. Monday, January 22, 1973 tion 15 urging Congress to designate our For these reasons, Mr. Speaker, and Mr. ARENDS. Mr. Speaker, under State as o:flicial host for the 1992 quin­ for countless others too numerous to list, leave to extend my remarks in the REc­ centennial celebration of America's dis­ illinois, and the city of Chicago, would oRD, I wish to call to the attention of my covery. The text of this resolution fol­ be the ideal choice to act as o:flicial host colleagues and others who read the REc­ lows: for the quincentennial celebration. I urge, ORD three very thought-provoking ar­ STATE OF ILLINOIS-77TH GENERAL ASSEM• therefore, that my colleagues join to­ ticles regarding the current Vietnam BLY-8ENATE gether to insure the early enactment. of negotiations. The following comments by SENATE JOINT RESOLUTION NO. 15 my resolution recognizing Dlinois and Senator BARRY GOLDWATER, William Ran­ (Offered by Senators Walker, Vadalabene and Chicago as the o:flicial host for the 500th dolph Hearst, Jr., and Columnists Evans Romano) anniversary celebration of America's dis­ and Novak regarding President Nixon's Whereas, The year 1992 will mark the 500th covery by the great Italian navigator, quest for peace and objectives in reach­ anniversary of the discovery: of North Amer­ Christopher Columbus. ing an agreement are, in my judgment. ica by Christopher Columbus; and We are a land of great progress, Mr. well worth reading: Whereas, The official celebration for the Speaker, but a land of tradition, as well. A CHANCE FOR SOUTH VIETNAM To SURVIVE .Ml 400th anniversary of the discovery of Amer­ In the drive to economic progress, we ica was held in the State of Illinois and the A NATION City of Chicago; and h'lve torn away the basis of a thousand (By Rowland Evans and Robert Novak) Whereas, Plans should soon be made !or traditions and forgotten in our haste, a Whatever the political cost at home, and the celebration of the SOOth anniversary of thousand more. Let this one tradition with U.S. allle& abroad, President Nixon's the discovery of America; and stand. Let the glory of the Columbian cold-blooded gamhle in the bombing of Whereas, The people of the great State of exposition flourish once again, in 1992, Hanoi and Haiphong has now paid dividends Illinois are proud of the Columbian heritage as it did a century before, to the marvel of possibly historic proportions in the post of our State and Nation; therefore be it and delight of all America and the wcrld war settlement in Vietnam. Resolved, by the Senate of the Seventy­ For what Mr. Nixon and his Vietnam nego­ Seventh General Assembly of the State of at large. tiator. Henry Kissinger, have now achieved illinois, the House concurring herein, that we in the new agreement with Hanoi exp€cted urge the Congress of the United States to to be initiated in a few days in Paris, is a designate the State of Illinois as the host of UKRAINIAN INDEPENDENCE "decent chance" for South Vietnam to sur­ the 1992 Columbian Exposition commemorat­ vive as an independent country. ing the SOOth anniversary of the discovery of The orginal October agreement-the Kis­ America; and be it further HON. THADDEUS J. DULSKI singer-La Due Tho ceasefire package which Resolved, that a suitable copy of this joint OF NEW YORK South Vietnam's President Nguyen Van preamble and resolution be forwarded by the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thieu refused to accept-contained provi­ Secretary of State, to the 2 United States sion s that sharply reduced the prospect of Senators from Illinois and to each member Monday, January 22, 1973 a "decent chance" for Thieu to survive as of the. United States House of Representa­ Mr. DULSKI. Mr. Speaker, today head of an indeT'en dent state. tives from Illinois. Instead, the October agreement was hinged Adopted by the Senate, February 2S, 1971. marks the 55th anniversary of the inde­ to a subtly lesser goal: The goal of giving pendence of Ukraine. Thieu, South Vietnam and the U.S. a "de­ Mr. Speaker, the great State of Dlinois, It is fitting that we pause in tribute to cent interval" between the time of total u.s. and Chicago, th~ "Hub of America," this largest of the captive non-Russian withdrawal and the collapse of South Viet­ would be the ideal choice for hosting this nations in the U.S.S.R. and Eastern nam. celebration. First of all, Chicago is cen­ Europe. Ukraine is a nation of some 4 7 President Nixon had hoped that the mo­ trally located in relation to all portions million people. mentum of peace, backed by the entire world of the country, and additionally, the ap­ including the two superpowers and Peking, It was 55 years ago that Ukraine had a would be sufficient to convert that "decent proximate ~enter of our Nation's popula­ taste of freedom following the end of interval" into more lasting security for Thieu. tion. Twenty-eight railroads operate into World War I. The era of independence, He was prepared to take that gamble--but Chicago, while 25 airlines, including 11 unfortunately, was all too brief as the Thieu's refusal to go along forced a reap­ international flights, service Chicago, fiy­ Communists marched into Ukraine 2 praisal. ing into Midway Airport and the world­ years later and wiped out the freedom of But working under the new constaints im­ famous O'Hare International Airport. these oppressed people. posed by Thieu, the President enlarged his These facilities provide easy access not Over the years since 1920, the Ukrain­ objective from a "decent interval" to a "de­ cent chance"-and sent Kissinger back to only to Chicago but to the entire State ian people have been under strict Rus­ Paris in December to tighten the agreement. as w:ell, and thus a greater potential ex­ sian rule. Those brave individuals within Hanoi's refusal to change the October pack­ ists for drawing together visitors from all the Ukranian borders who have spoken age-understandable in view of what Hanoi parts of the Nation as well as from out in opposition to Russian domination had regarded as a hard agreement-brought abroad. have found themselves harassed, ar­ on the pressure-bombing campaign. Furthermore, Dlinois during recent rested, and imprisoned. That bombing, which made a virtual vllian years has developed an interstate and in­ There is no doubt about the desire of of the President all over the world, had pre­ trastate highway system that is unex­ cisely the impact he wanted. Consider, for the Ukrainian people for freedom. nor of example, deeply significant changes in the celled and provides modem, rapid access the sympathy of free peoples every- new agreement as contrasted to the old. to the city of Chicago and to DlinoiH via where and their desire to help in every The role of the four-power police force-­ automobiles and buses. way they can. Canada, Poland, Indonesia and Hungary-has Additionally, I want to point out that It is essential that we in Congress offer now been defined in the kind of detail that CXIX--112-Part 2 176G EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 22, 1973 Hanoi refused to consider in the earlier agree­ "The only way that a reasonable cease-fire justice, and which holds at least a reason­ ment. and the return of American prisoners of war able chance for South Vietnam to resist the Instead, Hanoi agreed to supervision in can be arranged is through the process of Communist forces which have so long tried principle but then, in a separate protocol, negotiations. The Congress is not empowered to conquer that country. insisted on a force of less than 250 men from to nor is it capable of conducting these ne­ Henry Kissinger, in Paris, is trying again the four policing countries, with rigid limi­ gotiations. to make such a chance come true and nearly tations on their mobility and rights. Even "At this time, the Senate and the House 50,000 American lives have been sacrificed for Poland and Hungary were unwilling to go Democrats who are threatening to tie Presi­ the same cause. down that obstacle path. dent Nixon's hands are also threatening to Meanwhile, in Washington, a few short­ The new agreement, although still secret prolong the war. They might just as well send visioned, spiteful men have been doing their at this writing, is understood to go far toward a message to the Communist bosses in Hanoi worst to make their country look bad. the U.S. demand of a 5,000-man force with telling them to 'hang in there.' It's enough to make you sick-and that's wide-ranging powers. The force itself will be "We already know how delicate are negotia­ the way I feel toda-y when considering the at least 1,000 strong, four times Hanoi's ear­ tions in Paris. The administration's critics, encouragement our congressional doves con­ lier ceiling, with the right to carry out inde­ however, have ignored this and have em­ tinue to give a ruthless enemy whose even­ pendent inspections of suspected violations. barked on a negative, counter-productive tual target is nothing less than ourselves. Likewise, the old agreement was loose and course. North Vietnam, of course, holds no threat highly imprecise on the question of Hanoi "It is born of an almost psychopathic de­ to our shores by itself. The threat is in the sending new equipment (to replace "dam­ sire to embarrass President Nixon and deny Communist dogma which calls for our even­ aged" and "destroyed" arms) into South Viet­ him the credit for ending a war which began tual overthrow-a dogma made manifest by nam. It left open the strong probability that under one Democratic president and wa.s es­ the Russian and Red Chinese support which new arms could be moved south directly calated enormously under another Demo­ has enabled Hanoi to keep fighting for so over the Demilitarized Zone. cratic president." long. The new agreement is understood to set up There is more truth than poetry in that What puzzles me, honestly, is how re­ inspection points along the DMZ, at which political observation from a man who also sponsible men elected to our Senate and new arms can be examined and counted. Ob­ once aspired to be President of the United House can fail to see the tremendous im­ viously, tp.e opportunity for clandestine arms States. portance of the showdown in which we are shipments down the Ho Chi Minh Trail still Political jealousy, however, cannot com­ engaged. exists, but tightened language in the new pletely explain why the caucuses of Demo­ We set out to stop Communist aggression agreement minimizes chances for cheating. cratic doves did what they did. They also in a small Asian country. The inspection points along the DMZ also suffer from a blindness to the nature of Either we succeed-or the aggression will continue the principle that this dividing line the war itself-and to the nature of Richard be resumed on a ever-widening and more between North and South, established in the Nixon. dangerous scale elswhere in the world. 1954 Geneva agreements, has a legal signifi­ People all over the world were naturally cance. shocked at the terrible toll taken by our holi­ ONLY PRESIDENT NOT CONGRESS CAN Beyond this, moreover, the fact that Mr. day mass bombings of the Hanoi-Haiphong NEGOTIATE END TO WAR Nixon decided to bomb military targets in the areas of North Vietnam. The war critics, how­ (By Barry Goldwater) most heavUy populated cities of the North ever, significantly failed to mention that the (The following article originally appeared despite universal world condemnation is present top-level peace talks were resumed likely to have major impact on whether as a column in the New York Times, Jan­ only after Mr. Nixon proved he would tolerate uary 9, 1973:) Hanoi lives up to the new agreement. Whole­ no further enemy stalling at the peace table. sale violations, in short, may' not be treated There is only one way the Congress of Is it possible to believe, honestly, that a man the United States can end the war in Viet­ tenderly by Richard Nixon. who has devoted his life to public service­ These are vital ingredients of the thesis nam-by forcing a surrender of almost all whose proclaimed chief goal as President is "a American objectives in Southeast Asia. now held by experts here that the new agree­ generation of peace"-would order such tre­ ment, and the events between October and This is a fact of international life which mendous destruction of life and property out is very often misunderstood by sincere peo­ January, do in fact offer Thieu and South of pure frustration? Vietnam a "decent chance," as opposed to the ple who honestly want to see the blOodshed I don't believe it for a second. Knowing and the hostilities in Indochina brought to "decent interval" held forth in the October Dick Nixon as a friend and neighbor for draft. an end. years, I can vouch for the fact that his holi­ Indeed, the only way that a. reasonable day bombing orders had to be the most agon­ PROLONGING THE WAR cease-fire and the return of American prison­ izing and reluctant conclusion in an other­ ers of war can be arranged is through the (By William Randolph Hearst, Jr.) wise imuossible situation. process of negotiation. The Congress is not NEW YoRK.-If this column comes across as We must not forget, as the congressional empowered to nor is it capable of conduct­ a diatribe of indignation and dismay-plus a doves seem to forget, that President Nixon ing, these negotiations. The only action pos­ certain amount of frustration-it will accu­ and his advisers know better than anyone sible would be to render American military rately reflect my attitude toward the all but else what the true situation in Vietnam is­ forces completely impotent by cutting off incredible latest actions by the clique of and what should be done about it when it has their funds and thus paving the way for a Vietnam war appeasers in Congress. reached a crucial point, as right now. Communist victory of Hanoi's own making. At the very time the highly-sensitive and What the American people also must real­ At this time, the Senate and House Demo­ all important Kissinger-Tho peace talks were ize is that the congressional doves are really crats who are threatening to tie President about to be resumed in Paris, our legislative indulging themselves in an exercise in polit­ Nixon's hands are threatening to prolong the doves gathered for a new session in Washing­ ical futility. When they link an end to the war. They might just as well send a message ton and immediately moved to weaken our war to release of our POW's, they are coming to the Communist bosses in Hanoi telling bargaining position. right back to where Henry Kissinger ls right them to "hang in there" until Congressional Caucuses of war critics in both the Sen­ now: the negotiating table. patience is exhausted. ate and House met to pass highly publicized They can adopt all the resolutions they We already know how delicate are negoti­ resolutions condemning their own country's want, but lt is doubtful that both houses of ations in Paris. The Administration's critics, role in the conflict, and threatening to cut Congress would approve those resolutions. however, have Ignored this and are embark­ off further funds for its support. Nothing, And even if Congress were to pass them, the ing on a negative, counter-productive course obviously, would have given more encourage­ President can veto the resolutions without born o! an almost psychopathic desire to ment to the enemy negotiators in Paris. fear of being overridden. embarrass President Nixon and deny him the My first reaction to these moves was one There ls no realistic way for Congress to credit for ending a war which began under of outrage. They struck me as bordering on cut off funds for the war until mid-summer one Democrat President and was escalated treason. Second-and more objective­ when it approves new defense appropriations enormously under another Democrat Presi­ thoughts restrain me from impugning the in­ for fiscal 1974. For the next six months, Pres­ dent. tellectual honesty of the senators and con­ ident Nixon can conduct the war as he sees When Democrat caucuses in Congress gressmen as lawmakers. fit under fiscal 1973 appropriations approved threaten to cut off funds if a settlement is It is hard to believe, for example, that Ted by Congress last year. not reached by a certain date, they are de­ Kennedy fully realized how much he was So what we really are hearing on Capitol liberately encouraging Hanoi's representa­ helping Hanoi when he introduced his suc­ Hill is just a lot of hot air, though it is tives at the peace negotiations to hold off cessfUl caucus resolution to cut off Vietnam­ damaging to our country. agreement on any kind of a settlement until ese war funds-subject only to prior re­ The only criticism of the President with after tha.t date. I can understand the frustra­ lease of all American prisoners. which I agree in this matter is that he has tion which is so rampant in Congressional There had to be other reasons for what, at not seen fit to go before the people and circles because of Hanoi's backing and filling the very least, amounted to a. curious blind­ explain himself in detail. His reasoning, with­ on provisions for arranging a cease-fire. I ness to reality. A potentially major one was out doubt, is that history will prove his de­ can also understand the unhappiness caused offered last Tuesday in an article which ap­ cisions to be correct and any explanations by the renewed bombing of North Vietnam peared in the New York Times-of all un­ woUld only fuel his enemies• fires. on orders of President Nixon. likely places-by Republican Senator Barry The American people and President Nixon But it stands to reason that the frustra­ Goldwater, of Arizona I quote: both want a peace which is founded on tion and unhappiness on Capitol Hill can- January 22, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1767

not begin to equal the frustration and un­ The forthright statement is addressed· sassinations. These attacks have been di­ happiness in the White House. And it does to the Members of Congress and reads rected at South Vietnam's largest cities as Mr. Nixon's critics no credit to run around as follows: well as Its smallest hamlets, at schools, pa­ suggesting that President Nixon is gleefully godas, medical facilities and refugee cen­ bombing North Vietnam out of a spirit of STATEMENT BY CATHOUC CAMPUS M:IlnsTar ters. They have involved shooting of refugees hatred or revenge. AssOCIA'rrO.N attempting to escape the areas of the fight­ Anyone who makes this kind of sugges­ We, the members or the Cathollc Campus ing near An Loc and Quang Trt and the tion has to be a Nixon-hater of so rabid a Ministry Association, serving some 300 col­ large scale Communist trials and executions breed that he has lost all sense of propor­ leges throughout the country and meeting in Hue and Binh Dinh Province. tion and decency. In annual workshop to discover ways of mov­ Among the major examples of such Com­ Those of us who have watched and con­ ing forward with our youth into an ever­ munist terror actions in South Vietnam are sulted with the President during the entire deepening hum!Ulity of compassion and jus­ the following: Vietnam mess which Lyndon Johnson left on tice with God for men are frustrated in our Dak Son-December 5, 1967: 300 Com­ his doorstep can attest to the President's purpose. We are revolted and outraged at munist troops using 60 flame throwers sys­ deeply-held wish for a speedy end to the hos­ our government's inhumane policy In Indo­ tematically set. fire to this Montagnard vil­ tilities, the bloodshed and the imprisonment China especially in recent weeks. We do not lage incinerating everything and everybody ot American fighting men. It is the intensity criticize the pollcy at this time for dividing in sight. Estimated toll: 252 dead, about two­ of his feeling which has given Mr. Nixon the our country or for being an irresponsible thirds of them women and children, with courage to go ahead with the course of action use of funds. We condemn it now as morally 200 abducted, never to return. he knew (perhaps better than any other liv­ bankrUpt. We would consider, therefore, your Tet Offensive-February 1968: After break­ ing American) would bring down on him a wholehearted support for Congressional ac­ ing their own cease-fire, the Communist new torrent of criticism and abuse from tion now to stop all hostillties in Indo-china forces shelled 45 major population centers many directions, both at home and abroad. to be morally Imperative in your sworn duty throughout South Vietnam and assaulted And it was the Intensity of his desire for an to lead this people. many cities and villages in indiscriminate end to the bloodshed that gave him the cour­ 156 Members of Catholic Campus Ministry ground attacks. age to act in a way he realized would en­ Association. Among the major cities targeted by the rage the liberals and the doves and the dema­ Communists were Saigon and Hue. In Hue gogues on Capitol Hlll. the Communists systematically rounded up In this whole situation a few basic facts and executed over :r,ooo clvllians In a pat­ need to be outlined and underscored: COMMUNIST TERROR IN SOUTH tern of polltlcal terror which was repeated President Nixon and his advisers have more VIETNAM: by them at many local levels as well. The information than anyone else, in or out of graves of those executed in Hue were dis­ Congress, about the true. status of the peace covered after the recapture of the city, and talks and what factors are involved in moti­ HON. ROBERT J. HUBER the evidence of the incident is incontesta­ ble. Over 2,000 persons are stlll missing. vating the Communists to drop their impos­ OF MICHIGAN sible dream of complete control of Indochina. Saigon Rocketlng~ay-.Tune 1968: Some That President Nixon and his advisers IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 417 Soviet and Chinese rockets were fired know bette-r than anyone else, in o-r out of Monday, January 22, 1973 indiscrimlnately into Saigon, chiefly into the Congress, how best to bring about a speedy densely populated Fourth District. 115 were agreement for a cease-fire and the return of Mr. HUBER. Mr. Speaker, there has kllled, 528 hospitalized. American prisoners. been much criticism in recent weeks of Son Tra-June 28, 1968: A major Commun­ It stands to reason that the President felt the inadvertent casualties to civilian life ist attack was made against the refugee cen­ renewed bombing of North Vietnam was not caused by the U.S. bombing of military ter and fishing vlllage of Son Tra, south of only the best but the only way to get the targets in North Vietnam. While I re­ Da Nang. Mortars, machine gun fire, gre­ peace talks back an the road to ultimate gret any loss of innocent life, I think it nades and explosive charges killed 88 and agreement. wounded 103. 405 homes were- destroyed, I believe the President and Henry Kissinger is time to look at Communist activities leaving 3,000 homeless. Later, vlllagers seek­ recognized in the changing demands of the­ in South Vietnam during the last 5 years. ing to rebuild their homes were fired on by Hanoi representatives a belief that they could While it is true that the United States the Communist forces. go on arming for the destruction of South has never had a policy of calculated Medical Facllitles, Schools and Churches- Vietnam as long as this task required and bombing of civilians, the Communist 1967-69: Communist forces have not hesi­ without interference froin American bomb­ North Vietnamese have never had any tated to attack medlcal facilities, schools, ers. I believe the President and Mr. Kissinger reluctance to make civilians one of the and churches. Among many examples of recognized in the attitude and the actions such attacks are the following in the period of the Hanoi negotiators a belle! that they prime targets for their terrorist acts. 1967-1969: could act militarily without Interference In House Republican Minority Leader GER­ 1967, May 11-South Vietnam's Health sec~ the belief that Amel"lcan public opinion and ALD FORD has distributed an authoritative retary reported to the World Health orga­ Congressional sentiment would never sanc­ report on Communist activity in South nization in Geneva that in the past more tion a resumption of the bombing of military Vietnam since December 5, 1967. It is than 200 doctors and medical workers had targets In the Hanoi and Haiphong areas. worthy of serious attention and I include been kllled or kidnapped by the Communists, Had our negotiators permitted this Hanoi the report for the consideration of my with 174 dispensaries, maternity homes and at.tltude to go unchallenged the peace nego­ hospitals destroyed and 40 ambulances mined tiations would have dragged on until either colleagues: or machine gunned by Communist forces. we gave in on every Communist demand or COMMUNIST TERROR ATTACKS ON C.IVILIANS 1967, Sept. 1-Terrorist explosives on Route until the doves in Congress forced an Ameri­ IN VIETNAM" 4 in Dinh Tuong Province blew up a South can surrender on Communist terms. Together with the local Communist forces Vietnamese army ambulance kllling 13 and which they cilrect and supply, North Viet­ wounding 23. namese armed forces have for many years 1968, Feb.-Indiscriminate shelling of systematically carried out terror attacks cities in Tet offensive. ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTY-SIX against the civilian populations of S::mth 1969, Feb. 24-Terrorists entered a church in Quang Ngai Province and assassinated a MEMBERS OF THE CATHOLIC Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia. These attacks have been carried out across priest and an altar boy. CAMPUS MINISTRY ASSOCIATION internationally recognized frontiers, includ­ 1969, Mar. 6-An explosive charge set at DENOUNCE THE WAR AND THE ing the Demilitarized Zone, in violation o.! the Quang Ngai city hospital kllled a ma­ BOMBING international agreements and international ternity patient and destroyed two ambu­ legal principles and in the face of s.erious lances. efforts by the Uhited States and by the ~tates 1969, Aprtl ~Terrorists dynamited a HON. ROBERT F. DRINAN of Indochina under attack to achieve a cease­ pagoda in Quang Nam Province, killing 4 and OF MASSACH:tJSETTS fire and a just and lasting settlement. wounding 14. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Ncrth Vietnam's terror attacks on its 1969, Aprtl 11-A satchel charge exploded neighbors have been paralleled by the estab­ in Dinh Tanh temple, Phong Dinh Province, Monday, January 22, 1973 lishment of a Stalinist "people's dictator­ wounding 4 children. Mr. DRINAN. Mr. Speaker, on January ship-· in North Vietnam, by Hanoi's disregard 1969, June 24-A 12-mm Communist of the Geneva Conventions on treatment of rocket hit Than Tam hospital in Ho Nai, 5,1973, Catholic priests, nuns, and broth­ prisoners of war and by Hanoi's public en­ Bien Hoa Province, killing a patient. ers who are involved in the Catholic dorsement of terrorist actions 1n other parts 1969, June so-communist mortars de­ Campus Ministry Association at colleges of the world, Including the terror incident stroyed Phuoc Long pagoda 1n Binh Duon~ all across the country issued a statement at the Munich Olympics in September 1972. Province, killing a Buddhist monk and 19 in which they expressed their outrage at In South Vletnain the Conu:nunist attacks others. the inhumane policy of the U.S. Govern­ have 1L.cluded shelling, rocketing, ground 1969, Aug. s:--Two grenades were thrown ment in Indochina. assaults, abductions, forced labor and as- by the VC into an erementary school in Vlnh 1768 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 22, 1973 Chau, Quang Na.m Province, killing 5 and nist troops dellberately shelled and machine gunned down Dec. 14, 1967, after Communist wounding 21. gunned several thousand civilians fleeing the warnings. 1969, Aug. 7-Explosions detonated outside city. More than a thousand civilians were Dr. Le Minh Tri, Minister of Education, an adult education school in Cholon for mili­ estimated to have been killed in this inci­ killed by terrorist hand grenade thrown into tary personnel killed and wounded 60. dent. Even clearly marked ambulances were his car, January 6, 1969. 1969, Aug. 7-communist sappers deto­ targeted and destroyed. Professor Tran Anh, Rector of Saigon Uni­ nated 30 plastique charges at U.S. Sixth Evac­ The countless number of Communist ter­ versity, shot down by terrorists, after Com­ uation Hospital compound, killing 2 and ror attacks on South Vietnamese villages munist "death list" warning, March 4, 1969. wounding 57 patients. and refugee camps during their 1972 offensive Tran Van Huong, Prime Minister, escaped Refugee Centers-1969: In a pattern re­ incluc!ed the following typical incidents: assassination attempt, March 5, 1969. peated in other years as well, especially dur­ Burning 72 houses in a Quang Ngal Pro­ Tran Quoc Buu, leader of the Vietnamese ing the 1972 offensive, attacks launched by vince hamlet and rocketing a Quang Tin Confederation of Labor (CVT) and head of Communist forces against refugee centers in­ Province hamlet in April. farmer worker party, escaped assassination cluded the following during 1969: Attacking, during May, four refugee camps attempt in explosion at the Union's head­ March 21-A Kontum Province center, 17 in Quang Ngai Province, destroying some quarters in Saigon-September 21, 1971. (In killed, 36 wounded. 400 Uving quarters and killing and abduct­ 1969 the CVT listed more than 60 union offi­ April 9-Phu Binh center, Quang Ngal ing many civilians. cials assassinated by the Viet Cong in the Province-70 houses burned, 200 left home­ Attacking a Quang Nam Province village in past.) less, 4 kidnapped. May, damaging or destroying 3271iving quar­ Nguyen Van Bong, leader of National April 15-An Ky center, Quang Nga.i Prov­ ters, Killing 40 civilians and wounding 55. Progressive Movement and Director of Na­ ince, 9 killed, 10 wounded. Blowing up a bus in Pleiku Province on tional Institute of Administration, killed by April 16-Hoa Dai center in Binh Dinh August 20, killing 40 civilians and wounding terrorist bomb placed in his car, November Province; 146 houses burned. 30. 10, 1971. April 19-Hleu Due center, Quang Nam Blowing up a bus in Phu Bon Province on Nguyen Van Than, a political leader and Province; 10 kidnapped. August 22, killing 21 civilians and wounding former general of the Cao Dal sect, assassi­ April 23-Bon Tinh center, Quang Ngai two. nated by Viet Cong in mine explosion on Province; 2 shot, 10 kidnapped. Assaulting Camp Books and Camp Haskins grounds of Cao Dal Holy See (temple) at Tay August 13-17 Communist attacks on refugee centers north of Danang in sapper Ninh, November 22, 197::.. refugee centers in Quang Nam and Thua attacks on September 9, killing 27 and Thien Provinces, 23 killed, 75 wounded, and wounding 75. many houses destroyed. Setting off a command detonated mine on Sept. 3()-Tu Van center in Quang Nga.i September 13 into the Cal Tu ferry south of UKRAINIAN INDEPENDENCE DAY Province, 8 killed, 2 wounded; 8 members of Vi Tanh in Chuong Thien Province just as official's family killed in nearby Binh Son. the ferry was approaching the shore loaded Due Due-August 29, 1970: Communist with a crowded bus. As the ferry and bus HON. CHARLES J. CARNEY troops attacked a Buddhist orphanage and sank, the terrorists fired a second mine. 13 temple in the village of Due Due south of civilians were killed and 12 were wounded. OF OHIO Danang. After firing 50 mortar shells into the In areas captured at the outset of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES undefended buildings, 30 North Vietnamese offensive by the Communist forces, espe­ Monday, January 22, 1973 soldiers ran through hurling hand grenades. cially in Binh Dinh, Binh Long and Chuong The attack killed 15 and wounded 45, most of Thien Provinces, abductions, "people's Mr. CARNEY of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, it them orphans. courts" and executions were carried out at is with great honor that I have this op­ The Communist Spring Offensive-March the cost of many hundreds of lives. Com­ portunity to join with my distinguished SO, 1972: The all-out attack launched by 12 munist programs of forced labor and forced congressional colleagues and with the North Vietnamese divisions, supported by 500 military support in battle zones were also many Ukrainian-Americans to com­ tanks and massed heavy artillery, against widespread. When South Vietnamese forces major South Vietnamese population centers recaptured the areas of Binh Dinh Province memorate the 55th anniversary of caused many civiUan casualties. which had been held by the Communists, Ukrainian Independence Day, January In the first six weeks of the offensive, by they found the evidence of some 500 "death 22, 1918. May 8, over 20,000 civilian casualties, includ­ list" executions carried out by the Commu­ A wound to national pride, dignity, and ing many women and children, had been re­ nist forces. freedom is a sore that time will not heal ported by U.S. officials in Saigon, with a total Communist Assassinations: The Commu­ as long as a gallant people strives to be above 48,000 reported during the first 11 nist forces have systematically assassinated free. It is encouraging and inspirational months of 1972. many thousands of South Vietnamese. Their witness the continuing Ukrainian na­ The Communist attacks generated more targets have included government officials, to than 1.28 million refugees in South Vietnam teachers, labor leaders, medical workers, tional struggle to preserve an independ­ in 1972. Buddhist bonzes, priests and foreign mis­ ent spirit, and the Ukrainians• relentless As a result of the Communist offensive, a sionaries. Many of these assassinations were personal determination to free them­ number of South Vietnam's population cen­ preceded or followed by specific threats. In selves from Communist oppression, per­ ters were virtually destroyed. Such destroyed areas which have at various times come secution, terror, and exploitation of their or heavily damaged towns included: under Communist control, these kililngs rich land. Quang Trl city and the district capitals of have sometimes been accompanied by "peo­ Fifty-five years ago the Ukrainian Dong Ha, Ca.m Lo and Gio Linh in Quang Tri ple's courts" and public executions as in Province south of the Demilitarized Zone. Hue in Tet 1968 and in Blnh Dinh and Rada of the Ukrainian National Republic Que Son district capital in Quang Nam other provinces during the 1972 offensive. proclaimed a Fourth Universal declaring Province. The Communists have often bragged about complete independence from Russia. This Mo Due, Ba To and Due Pho district collecting these "blood debts." was on the very day that a heroic de­ capitals in Quang Ngal Province. The scope of the Communists' systematic fense of the Ukrainian capital, Kiev, wc.s Thanh Binh, Tien Phuoc and Hau Due dis­ terror campaign can be seen in the follow­ overwhelmed unmercifully by a Bolshevik trict capitals in Quang Tin Province. ing figures for 1971 and 1972. army. Only a month before, the Soviet of Tam Quan, Hoai Nhon, Hoal An and Phu In 1971 the Communists assassinated People's Commissars had recognized 3,99~. wounded 7,579 and kidnapped 5,372 My district capitals in Binh Dinh Province. limi­ Dak To !n Kontum Province. Sout!.. Vietnamese in terror attacks. Ukrainian independence "without The Province capital, An Loc, and the dis­ In 1972 the Communists assassinated 4,277, tations and unreservedly." However, in trict capital, Loch Ninh, in Binh Long wounded 9,525 and kidnapped 13,374 South their nefarious way, the Communist lead­ Province. Vietnamese in terror attacks. ers had insisted upon conditions that In the city of An Loc, the civilian popula­ Similar numbers of South Vietnamese could only be rejected by a freedom­ tion unable to escape the Communist as­ have been targeted by the Communists since loving people as an unacceptable ulti­ sault withstood up to 7,500 shells a day dur­ 1957 with over 40,000 killed and 60,000 kid­ matum. Thus began another chapter in ing the 49 day siege. In An Loc, Communist napped. Among the major political figures targeted a terrible book of oppression and misery, tanks killed worshippers in a church and this time written in the blood of the un­ Communist mortars and arttllery destroyed or assassinated by the Communists have a clearly marke<. hospital filled with wound­ been: selfish Ukrainian patriots who fought a ed soldiers and civilians. The Communist Tu Chung, editor of "Chinh Luan", gunned 2-year war against Communist Russia's troops directed continuous machine gun and down on Dec. 30, 1965. aggression. mortar fire against civllians seeking to flee Tran Van Van, Constituent Assemblyman, The Ukrainian struggle did not end the scene of battle in An Loc. gunned down, Dec. 7, 1966. when the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Re­ Communist attacks by fire against refugees Dr. Phan Quang Dan, Constituent As­ public was forcefully incorporated as a 1leeing their offensive assaults were frequent semblyman narrowly escaped car bomb, Dec. State in a sham union of so-called re­ and include the notorious "caravan of death" 27, 1966. publics. Resistance continued unabated, south of Quang Tri City, where the Commu- Bul Quang San, Lower House member, and millions of Ukrainians lost their lives January 22, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1769 as a result of ruthless Stalinist policy. people of Oklahoma will be glad to have working man-he pays more salaries in Still more were deprived of basic human you with them. Good Luck, Jim. Washington and Madison than the rich and rights, having suffered the loss of free businesses do. expression, religious freedom, and prop­ Sincerely, erty. Moreover, they suffered the igno­ ------. PROBLEMS OF THE WORKINGMAN P.S.-What will I tell my children at miny of a base assault against the very Christmas? Santa can't come. We have to eat. existence of their own culture and na­ tional identity. HON. LES ASPIN Today there remains a repressive at­ OF WISCONSIN mosphere in the Ukraine as the Soviet IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES METHADONE CONTROL LEGISLA­ Government in Moscow tries to silence TION NEEDED increased dissent in reaction to govern­ Monday, January 22, 1973 mental abuses, and attempts to present Mr. ASPIN. Mr. Speaker, I recently to the world the illusion that the Union received a very disturbing letter from HON. JAMES F. HASTINGS of Soviet Socialist Republics is a federa­ one of my constituents. The letter de­ OF NEW YORK tion of free and content nations. The scribes the plight of the workingman IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES vibrant Ukrainian intellectual commu­ and the obstacles he must surmount in nity has suffered especially hard for its order to survive. Many of his problems Monday, January 22, 1973 leadership in the protest movement. stem from bureaucratic redtape and Mr. HASTINGS. Mr. Speaker, for some Possible detente with the Soviet Union, Government inequalities. These prob­ time now I have been concerned over the and improved United States-Soviet rela­ lems are not quickly or easily solved but misuse of methadone in the treatment tions is no excuse to ignore the plight of they do deserve our attention. For this of heroin addiction. the nations still under Soviet domination. reason, I submit this letter for the con­ Throughout the country there has been It is with that thought that I fervently sideration of all Members of Congress: a growing number of methadone-related hope the Ukrainian nation can actually DELAVAN, WIS. deaths-57 in New York City alone dur­ achieve the freedom and true independ­ Hon. LES ASPIN, ~ng the first 7 months of last year for an ence it so richly deserves. House of Representatives, mcrease of almost three times the num­ Washington, D.C. ber recorded in 1971-and its misman­ DEAR CONGRESSMAN ASPIN: I am writing on agement which has led to substantial di­ behalf of my family and thousands of others version for illicit street sales, creating a MR. SMITH GOES BACK TO like us. whole new category of drug addicts. You, our congressxnan, in this district, are OKLAHOMA our only voice in the government. I have been among those pressing for When is someone going to listen to the tighter controls over the use of metha­ wage earner, common laborer, middle class done and I was most pleased when the HON. J. HERBERT BURKE working man and woman? We are at the Food and Drug Administration last De­ qF FLORIDA mercy of washington and the politicians. cember announced regulations to restrict You are most likely familiar with the methadone distribution to only registered IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES statistics of the poor versus the rich and programs as well as establishing strict Monday, January 15, 1973 powerful in this country. You must know security provisions aimed at preventing then that the middle class working man is Mr. BURKE of Flmida. Mr. Speaker, rapidly sinking into poverty. Jobs are · theft and the misapplication of the drug. I join with my colleagues today in pay­ scarce-at least jobs that will keep your head · B':lt more is needed. To give these reg­ ing tlibute to the excellent service of above taxes and prices and doctors, etc. Em- · ulati?ns muscle, legislation is required to our former colleague, the Honorable Jim ployers are becoming too powerful and often pr?vide for Federal enforcement powers. Smith, has given our Nation while serv­ forget who is making their profits-tax I mtend to reintroduce such legislation exempt profits at that. ing in the U.S. Congress, and in the U.S~ shortly. It is my view that such a meas­ The laws regarding food stamps, compen­ ure will serve to guard against the black­ Department of Agriculture. sation, etc., are really ridiculous. I know peo­ I served with Jim in the U.S. Congress ple have taken advantage, but for the first market sale of methadone and also in­ when we first served in the 90th Con­ time in seven years we tried for stamps and sure a safe environment for the more gress. He was respected by all for his compensation because of people-employers effective treatment of heroin addiction. polite manner and for his ability to get who have lied and cheated us, a government Recentl~ the Buffalo, N.Y., Evening along with his colleagues. He carried this which protects these people at the expense News publiShed a series of articles and trait to the Farmers Home Administra­ of food and clothing for our children. an editorial underscoring the problem tion when he joined it as Administrator ­ My husband is being cheated by his em­ methadone poses for public and law en­ ployer--<>wes him 92 hours pay. We can col­ forcement officials. in 1969. lect only if he quits; thereby, if he quits, he Jim Smith raised cattle for years in would be ineligible for compensation, so he The articles represent a careful and Chickasha, Okla., and he gained from has to settle for just 29 hours for now. He's well documented study of the problem this experience a knowledge of agri­ been out of work a total of 88 days since and is summarized in the editorial's co­ culture which helped make him an ex­ June. People hire you and tell you the work gent presentation of the need for tighter pert in the field. He is a true friend of is steady: they work you two days and lay methadone controls. the farmer, and many credit him with you otr. Again you are ineligible for compen­ I know the Members of this body will being one of the driving forces behind sation. find it useful and therefore I am includ­ I tried to work-have three small chil­ ing it in the RECORD: the improvements made in the rural dren-and Ya went to the government, Ya to development programs, and particularly "day care center," Ya to doctors (I have a [From the Buffalo (N.Y.) Evening News, the Rural Development Act. severe asthmatic). I was forced to quit--my Dec. 27, 1972] Although farming is a key part of his children were sick and run down. TIGHTEN METHADONE CONTROLS life, it has not completely dominated his The wage and price freeze is unjust and The Buffalo area is by no means unique only profitable to the big businesses. All es­ in experiencing the kind of controversy and activity as can be witnessed by his many sential prices have gone up-but not our criticism which, as pointed up in last week's and varied civic achievements. He served wages. Why is the government punishing the News series, "A Program Abused," surrounds as a member of the board of regents of working man and his family? the administration of methadone for heroin the Oklahoma 4-year colleges, and was We don't want to lose our home. Our addicts. also a member of the board of trustees daughter (the asthmatic) cannot live in an Yet the very problems encountered in other apartment unless it has central air, pw·ifier, cities was rapidly proliferating methadone of the American Citizenship Center of etc.-that's $300.00 per month. treatment programs-particularly the dis­ Oklahoma Christian College. Please help us working people. We don't turbing evidence of primary methadone ad­ Jim has always been an active partici­ want charity, welfare or compensation; we diction and the rising toll of deaths from pant in the many civic activities that want jobs, fair wages, lower prices on food methadone overloses-carry their own warn­ contribute to our great American way of especially. I have not had fresh fruit in this ing of the risks in tolerating laxities in the house for months; have you? I don't buy administrative monitoring of dispensing life. candy or cookies--can't afford these extras agencies. Jim Smith, you will be missed in the for my children. Methadone is rightly regarded by most Nation's Capital, but I am sure that the Let's buckle down and get to work for the drug experts as at best a useful rehabllita- 1770 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 22, 1973 tive tool, enabling many heroin addicts to re­ way of their efforts to impose an alien ROBERTO CLEMENTE COMMEMO­ sume reasonably normal lives. Pending the political philosophy upon the American RATIVE MEDAL development of chemical "antagonists" that people. don't merely substitute one form of addic­ tion for another, methadone appears to be The American flag is a rallying point the most effective remedy currently available for Americans at a time when relentless HON. WILLIAMS. MOORHEAD for helping at least some addicts cope with forces seek to divide us. If our Nation their problems. is to survive, we must preserve our flag OF PENNSYLVANIA The very Jekyll-Hyde properties of a heroin and the great cause it represents. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES substitute, however, dictate scrupulous pre­ For this reason, I have introduced two Monday, January 22, 1973 cautions against letting it fall into the wrong bills aimed at halting these attacks on hands. For nonaddicts, or those not suffi­ Mr. MOORHEAD of Pennsylvania. Mr. ciently tolerant to it, methadone can be our :flag and insuring the respect to which Speaker, shortly after it was confirmed fatal. In just the :first seven months of this it is entitled. The first, H.R. 1298, would that Roberto Clemente, the outstanding year, New York City recorded 57 methadone expand the criminal sanctions for des­ right fielder for the Pittsburgh Pirates, overdose deaths, almost three times the 1971 ecrating the :flag; the second, H.R. 1299, had been killed in a plane crash while de­ total. would make it a Federal offense for any­ livering needed supplies to earthquake­ So there is ample basis for the spreading one to display the flag of any country concern, uncovered in The News• disclosures, ravaged Nicaragua, I offered these re­ that holds U.S. prisoners of war. marks to my colleagues: about disquieting signs that local methadone The latter bill is necessary because, as maintenance programs are vulnerable to How does one eulogize a. giant, a man whose abuses. we have seen from past demonstrations deeds and actions were legend for hundreds Any experimental drug-treatment effort around the country and in the Capital of thousands, whose warmth and humanity can all too easily become discredited by tol­ of our Nation, young revolutionaries are and love of life, brought strength, enjoyment erance of administrative laxities, either in not only tearing down the American flag and brotherhood to multitudes? the screening of staff members of county nar­ but actually attempt to replace it with Indeed, words fail in moments such as cotics abuse programs or in procedures for :flags of enemy countries. these. curbing the illicit diversion of methadone For generations, Americans have given Roberto Walker Clemente, one of the great­ from dispensing agencies. est baseball players the world will ever know, That at least six staff members in three their lives to preserve our :flag and the is dead. county drug abuse programs are themselves freedoms it represents. Yet time after on drugs plainly says little for the effective­ time, we have been dismayed to see young Today, I have introduced a bill to have ness of efforts by responsible mental health revolutionaries climbing flagpoles, tear­ the Treasury Department strike a com­ authorities to detect and weed out persons ing down America's flag and replacing it memorative gold medal in honor of whose presence is inimical to helping addicts with the :flags of enemy nations. At the Roberto Clemente. go straight. Republican National Convention in Joining me in this effort are my fellow Local om.cials, however, are to be com­ Miami last year, demonstrators actually mended for instituting urine-testing pro­ western Pennsylvanians, "Doc" MoRGAN, grams for staff members of maintenance­ wore pieces of the American flag as parts FRANK CLARK, JOHN DENT, JOHN HEINZ methadone programs. The controversial anal­ of their clothing. ill, the gentleman of North Carolina yses, not mandated by state authorities, are We must end this desecration. As (Mr. MIZELL), and the gentleman from a step in the right direction toward proper Henry Ward Beecher said: New York (Mr. BADILLO). control. A thoughtful mind when it sees a nation's The legislation calls for no outlay from As for the diversion o! methadone from fiag sees not the flag, but the nation itself. the Treasury. The Chamber of Commerce maintenance agencies, county officials con­ And whatever may be its symbol, its insignia, of Greater Pittsburgh will assume all tend that most illicit supply reaches the he reads chiefly in the :flag, the government, streets through other channels. Nevertheless, costs of striking the medal and then sell the principles, the truths, the history that replicas to the general public with all there are marked differences among the three belongs to the nation that sets it forth. county drug abuse services in the controls or proceeds going to the Roberto Clemente restrictions they exercise over the admittance Memorial Fund, established by the Pitts­ of addicts. These give rise to fears of either burgh Pirate Baseball Club. an overzealousness for placing heroin addicts UKRAINIAN INDEPENDENCE DAY In addition to being an athlete of in­ on methadone, or of methadone-bootlegging comparable skills, Roberto Clemente was by addicts who are allowed to take their doses home. a prideful, vibrant individual who spent The need here is a toughening of local HON. PETER A. PEYSER many hours off the baseball diam('nd safeguards equivalent to the restrictions on OF NEW YORK working with others, generally children, methadone recently prescribed by federal au­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES who did not have, and would never have. thorities--and beyond that, a thorough and the opportunity Roberto did. frank airing of whatever is needed to make Monday, January 22, 1973 Roberto Clemente always dreamed of sure we don't run the risk of creating a whole Mr. PEYSER. Mr. Speaker, I am very building, for the children of Puerto Rico, new generation of methadone addicts. pleased to have this opportunity to add a sports city. It was to be a place where my voice to the many that are being children, no matter what their heritage raised around the United States today in or social status, could come and learn THE AMERICAN FLAG-SACRED honor of the 55th anniversary of the and engage in athletics. SYMBOL OF OUR NATION Ukrainian Independence Day. It was on The sports city that Roberto envisioned this day, January 22, in 1918 that the was not to be a camp, where children Ukrainian people culminated a 2 Y2 cen­ paid money to have a few retired profes­ HON. C. W. BILL YOUNG tury struggle for liberty by declaring sional athletes teach them the rudiments OF FLORIDA their independence from Russia. Unfor­ of a particular sport. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tunately, the Bolsheviks, who could not Clemente saw his dream as an oppor­ permit such a fine example of freedom Monday, January 22, 1973 tunity for children to play, learn, and to exist on their borders. overran the thrive on the competition and joy which Mr. YOUNG of Florida. Mr. Speaker, Ukraine in 1920 and established Soviet are so much a part of organized sports. we have all been dismayed in recent years domination that still exists today. We have a dual purpose in introducjng at seeing the American flag, sacred sym­ It is essential for those of us who have this legislation. First. we want to create bol of our Nation, being trampled in the the opportunity to honor Ukrainian in­ an appropriate memorial to the memory mud by radical revolutionaries bent dependence to do so, since the 47 million upon destroying the very freedoms that people of the Ukraine are not permitted of Roberto Clemente and his selfless con­ our :flag represents. to celebrate this great day in their na­ tributions to his fellow man. Second, OUr flag is being torn, spit upon, tional history. I hope that all men who through the sale of the medals, we h-?pe burned, and otherwise desecrated by some cherish freedom will join me today in to generate a large donation by the because they know it is more than just telling the Ukrainian people that we have -Chamber of Commerce of Greater Pitts- cloth, color and design: They know our not forgotten them and that we are wait­ burgh to the fund which will carry out :flag stands for patriotism, love of coun­ ing anxiously for the day that they may Roberto's wishes for the children of try, and those virtues that stand in the once again join the ranks of free men. Puerto Rico. January 22, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1771 RURAL ENVffiONMENTAL ASSIST­ which it demonstrated last September in occupied Ukraine on the agenda of the United. ANCE PROGRAM committing itself to a continuation of the Nations Organization. REAP program. It is only fitting that we who already Farmers in my district and throughout enjoy and prize these basic rights do HON. WILMER MIZELL rural America are counting on this pro­ everything in our power to encourage OF NORTH CARO~A gram. They have a right to count on it, the just aspirations of the heroic Ukraini­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and the program itself has earned its an people. As the American people right to continuation. learned in 1776, freedom can only be Monday, January 22, 1973 I intend to continue defending this won through constant vigilance and a Mr. MIZELL. Mr. Speaker, I rise at this program, not only in the current con­ willingness to sacrifice. time to introduce legislation reinstating troversy, but in the futw·e until it is It is an honor for me to be pat·t of the rural environmental assistance pro­ demonstrated to me that the program It­ this commemoration today and to join gram-REAP-recently terminated by self no longer merits my support and Americans of Ukrainian descent across the Department of Agriculture. that of the Congress. And judging from the Nation, in my own city of Chicago, The bill requires the Secretary of Agri­ its excellent past performance, I do not and in the 11th Congressional District of culture to provide $140 million for the see my withdrawal of support for this Illinois which I am privileged to repre­ REAP program, the level of initial alloca­ program coming soon at all. sent as they support these valiant ef­ tion announced by USDA in September I urge my colleagues to join me in seek­ fo~ on the part of the Ukrainians to 1972. ing early passage of the legislation I am strengthen their cultural heritage and I want fit.) make clear, Mr. Speaker, that proposing today, thus restoring to the to regain national self -determination. I certainly support the administration's farmer and to the public a proven and goal of reducing Federal expenditures to worthwhile program. avoid a tax increase and to hold the line on inflation. BUCHWALD VIEWS THE CONGRESS But I do not support the arbitrary de­ cision to terminate this REAP program THE 55TH ANNIVERSARY OF which has done so much good with rela­ UKRAINIAN INDEPENDENCE HON. ROBERT W. KASTENMEIER tively little investment. OF WISCONSIN More than 15,000 farmers in North HON. FRANK ANNUNZIO IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Carolina's Fifth Congressional District, Monday, January 22, 1973 which I am privileged to represent, have OF ILLINOIS participated in the REAP program over IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. KASTENMEIER. Mr. Speaker, Monday, January 22, 1973 Art Buchwald is a humorist par excel­ the last 5 years, and their efforts have lence, and his humor, in the tradition made a significant contribution to the Mr. ANNUNZIO. Mr. Speaker, today high quality of environment we enjoy in of the great Voltaire, conveys truth marks the 55th anniversary of the dec­ cleverly masked in wit and sarcasm. His our area, as well as assisting the farmer laration of Ukrainian independence. It column, "Homespun View of the Con­ in his production of food and fiber. is a day to commemorate the courage of gress," communicates, through humor, a REAP has proven its value over the those Ukrainians who, through terrible very powerful commentary on the com­ years in alleviating stream pollution, pre­ years of oppression, have kept alive their plete impotence of the Congress in legis­ venting soil erosion and dust storms, belief in the dignity of man. playing a major role in our reforestation lating an end to the American presence On January 22, 1918, the Ukrainian throughout our long, tragic involvement efforts, and establishing cover crops and people proclaimed the Ula:ainian Na­ grasslands. in the Indochina con:flict. tional Republic and had high hopes for Mr. Speaker, I call to the attention of These are important functions which a new era of national renewal dedicated benefit not only the farmer, but the pub­ my colleagues the Buchwald article to the principles of freedom, justice, and which appeared in the January 13, 1973, lic at large, and these functions are being self -determination. These high hopes performed with a minimum of public Milwaukee Sentinel: were dashed, however, by the Bolsheviks HOMESPUN VIEW OF CONGRESS expenditure and a maximum of private who in 1920 reestablished Russian con­ initiative and effort. There is precious trol over the new republic. (By Art Buchwald) little waste associated with this program, Thus began the long and desolate pe­ It must be very tough for a congressman since farmers have to match the Federal riod of spiritual darkness which endures or senator, when he comes home at night, to funds almost dollar for dollar. to this day. Ukrainian writers, literary explain to his teenage children what is going To shut this program down, then, for on in Vietnam. ciitics, journalists, professors, students, "Daddy, where were you when they wer~ economy reasons, is an act as ill-con­ artists, painters, scientific workers, and bombing the cities of Hanoi and Haiphong? ceived as it is-capricious. We who serve on representatives of all other strata of so­ "I was in recess, and you damn well know the Agriculture Committee, and all of us ciety are periodically arrested for their it." who serve in the Congress, have time and efforts to assert their Ukrainian con­ "But why don't you protest now." again expressed our confidence in this sciousness and to resist the decades-old "Because it would hurt the sensitive nego­ program by continuing to fund it year campaign to destroy Ukrainian self-iden­ tiations going on in Paris, which hopefully after year, often over the objection of tity and Ukrainian culture. Human rights will lead to a just peace in Indochina." the administration, past and present. "Why didn't you protest before'' in the .Ukraine today exist only on paper "Because I didn't want to hurt the sensi­ When I first learned of the current and these leaders in Ukrainian society tive negotiations that have been going on decision to terminate this fine program, are courageously continuing the strug­ for the last four years, which would lead to I immediately telephoned the White gle to turn these precious ideals into a an honorable peace in Indochina." House, first to see if what I had heard living, working, everyday reality. "But didn't you see all the photographs of could possibly be true, and then, finding Mr. Speaker, it is for these reasons civilians being killed· and hospitals being de­ that it was true, to press for an imme­ that I have introduced in the 93d Con­ stroyed?" diate reversal of the decision. gress House Concurrent Resolution 46 "Damn it, son, you don't understand the I have also discussed this matter at role of Congress. We're supposed to support urging our Ambassador to the United the president during war. If we oppose the some length with Secretary of Agricul­ Nations to place the question of human war, we will be giving aid and comfort to the ture Earl Butz in a meeting I had with rights violations in the Soviet-occupied enemy." him in his office recently. Ukraine on the agenda of the U.N. The "But I thought Congress was supposed to In my opinion, the justification that full text of my resolution follows: declare war." "Who told you that?" has been offered for this termination de­ H. CON. RES. 46 cision is insufficient, and the decision re­ "It's in the Constitution." mains unwarranted and unwise. Resolved by the House of Representatives "Now don't believe everything you learn (the Senate conc~trring), That it is the sense in school. Technically it's true that Congress And that is the reason I am introduc­ of the Congress that the Ploesident, acting should declare war, but you see we're not ing this legislation today, to require the through the United States Ambassador to really at war. It's a police action." Agriculture Department not only to sub­ the United Nations Organization, take such "When does a pollee action become a war?" scribe to a mandate of the Congress, steps as may be necessary to place the ques­ "When the president asks for an official but to follow its own better wisdom tion of human rights violations in the Soviet- declaration. Since three presidents have not 1772 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 22, 1973 asked us to declare war, there is no reason question. The way a man meets this [From the Amsterdam News, Jan. 13, 1973] for us to do so." challenge is the proof of his mettle, and PETER BRENNAN, NIXON'S NEW SECRETARY OF "Doesn't Congress have any say in what LABOR the president can do in Indochina?" the stu1I of history. "Of course it does. The president has to The experiment in democracy in a re­ (By Rev. Lawrence E. Lucas) ask for our advice and consent before he publican form of government that is the It seems that President Nixon has very few makes any major decisions that involve the United States of America has always friends or is unable to find anyone for· im­ lives of American boys, and the expenditure been fortunate to have leaders who dur­ portant positions who are not distinguished of billions of dollars." ing times of stress met the challenge. for his/her "neutrality" toward or out­ "Well, why hasn't he done it?" We are just beginning to realize the tests right hostillty to America's Black population. "He probably forgot:• which he was called upon to surmount Neutrality here is a. euphemism-and as a "All the kids at school say Congress Is nation, we're great on euphemisms-for afraid to act on the war." and the courage and strength he showed benign neglect. Benign neglect is a euphe­ "A lot they know. Congress has taken in guiding our country as its President. . mism for "don't give a damn they're only many strong stands on the war-uh-uh po­ Thank God for the example Harry Tru­ Niggers' and if it's necessary to please busi- lice action. We've requested that the presi­ man set for us all to follow with his ness at their expense, do it and dolt well." dent work out a peace settlement and bring simple and pure love for his country Blacks across the country, individuals and our POWs home. It's all in the Congres­ and his unswerving belief in the correct­ organizations including the gentle N.A.A.C.P., sional Record." ness of its principles. have called the appointment a. disaster. Said "But nothing's happened, things are get­ Herbert Hlll, N.A.A.C.P. labor director, "For ting worse. If the president can't stop the more than a quarter of a century Peter war, why doesn't Congress?" Brennan, with cunning and guile, has pro­ "For a very simple reason, smart guy. The tected and defended the racist practices of president probably knows something we don't SHOULD PETER BRENNAN BE the building trades union." know." SECRETARY OF LABOR? He and others are referring to the :fact "Why doesn't he tell you what he knows?" that since 1957, Brennan has been president "Because if he told us, someone would prob­ of the Building and Construction Trades ably leak it, and then the press would know HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL Council of New York City and New York State. Both councils are members of the and the Amertcan people would know. Do OF NEW YORK you want to have every Tom, Dick and Harry AFL-CIO. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in this country find out what the president NOTHING ACCOMPLISHED knows about the war?" Monday, January 22, 1973 When a man like Brennan says, "I'm all "Dad, don't get mad, but the kids at school Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, the Sen­ :for minority hiring," Blacks interpret this in say Congress is impotent. They say you're the light of his "New York Plan" for train­ all a bunch of eunuchs, and the president can ate Labor Committee today begins con­ ing minority workers for jobs with skllled do anything he wants because you're afraid firmation hearings on President Nixon's craft unions. As it worked out, the plan of him." appointment of Peter Brennan as Sec­ gave lllusion of great progress while accom­ "Well, you can just tell the kids at school retary of Labor. Mr. Brennan's appoint­ plishing nothing. It's similar to the U.S. they don't know what the hell they're talk­ ment, although pleasing to some mem­ Catholic bishops programs for the poor, es­ ing about. Why, we were talking about how bers of the labor movement who are pecially minority or Black poor. In print, to get out of this war when they were in kin­ which even some Black papers carry without dergarten. It's very fashionable these days happy to see one of their own elevated to the position of authority over the U.S. investigating, their programs look great; in to complain that the president hasn't found reality they are nothing. a peaceful solution to the Vietnam conflict. Department of Labor, is a distinctly un­ I remember Mr. Brennan from back in But he's only been at it four years, and welcome one in the black community. 1952 when I was ending my first year of col­ you've got to give him a chance. If at the Mr. Brennan's record as a leader of the lege in the minor seminary. He was heading end of his second term in office he hasn't construction trades unions in New York Local 32B covering building maintenance come up with a solution, then Congress will City is clear. He has consistently used men and elevator operators. take decisive action." "Great, dad! Wait till I tell the guys at his influence in the construction trade "GOOD CATHOLIC BOY" school! unions to block the access of minorities Seminarians and college students like my­ to those unions and he has consistently self found filling in for vacation spots driv­ opposed effective programs to increase ing elevators was the best way of making MEMORIAL TO HARRY S TRUMAN the hiring of minorities in the construc­ some cash to help defray the costs of educa­ tion trades. tion. Being a good Catholic, Brennan took a The New York plan, which Peter fancy to me. I was a good colored Catholic .. boy"; so good that I was one of the rare HON. J. HERBERT BURKE Brennan supported, has proved to be a colored boys in a white, white Catholic semi­ OF FLORIDA sham. The New York plan is what Peter nary. Brennan means when he says he sup­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES He personally sent me to some buildings ports minority hiring. It was declared which turned out having "no need for sum­ Tuesday, January 9, 1973 with much fanfare as an effective means mer help" in spite of the fact that several Mr. BURKE of Florida. Mr. Speaker, of increasing the level of participation of my own classmates were hired a few days later in the same buildings. I rise to add my voice to those paying of minorities in the construction trades, but it has not worked because it con­ The truth was that such buildings like the tribute to our 33d U.S. President-Harry Empire State, were not taking "colored" S Truman. The facts of Mr. Truman's tains no sanctions against unions or em­ operators. life are well known to most of the Na­ ployers who fail to implement the af­ Brennan didn't give up; he kept sending tion. Television, newspapers, and radio firmative action guidelines of the plan. me to other places till I came to one that have related how his life was shaped Mayor Lindsay has just announced that took colored and was glad to get a. "boy and how he shaped world history. He the city can no longer rely on the plan like me." In fact, the last one I worked is frequently touted as a simple man in to balance the inequities in the construc­ couldn't see why I wanted to go back to tion trades. The failure of the plan in­ school when I could have been a most popu­ a simplier era. However, I would not lar elevator operator. agree with this assessment. Hindsight dicates the extent of Mr. Brennan's com­ always makes situations and problems mitment to integrated construction NO CHANGE seem simple. Life is different today than unions. He could have made it work, but I was and am grateful to him that I got he did not. the much-needed job. That . he never once it was in the Truman era, but, it is no admitted the reason for my difficulties with more complex. The Reverend Lawrence Lucas, of Res­ certain buildings; that he simply found a Mr. Truman was a moral giant. A man urrection Church in New York City, in a solution within the framework of the racist fashioned from the humblest clay with recent column in the Amsterdam News, policies of those buildings, policies which the highest spiritual values. History eloquently sets forth reasons, based on the union served and maintained in its own shows that there are different periods his personal experience in New York, system; and that rather than challenging it, why Peter Brennan should not be con­ he worked well within the system is what of stress for nations. There are quiet Black folks are talking about today. He periods when everything goes along firmed as Secretary of Labor. I hope that hasn't changed and there is no reason to smoothly no matter who is running the those on the Senate Labor Committee believe his record as Labor Secretary will be country, and then there are times when reviewing Mr. Brennan's record will pay any different than his record in New York. the survival of the Nation is called into careful heed to Father Lucas' words. It is understandable that Nixon owed January 22, 1973 ~XTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1773 Brennan, a registered Democrat, something Fog, Fog, Fog separate seating for smokers and non­ for the Brennan's support of Nixon in the It's a natural thing. 1968 and 1972 elections and his support. for Sm.og, Smog, Smog, smokers. Supreme Court Justice Warren the President's actions in Vietnam. It's not a natural thing. Burger recently made headlines when he It is also understandable that Nixon owed complained after being forced to sit near ..POLLUTION EVZRYWHEBX"' a cigar smoker on Amtrak•s Metroliner. George Meany something for his "neutrality"' (By Jay Copeland) in the J.ast. election in spite o! his great lib­ California adopted a law requiring air eral credentials. Land, sea, and in the air and land carriers to provide separate Pollution! Pollution everywhere. BOTH SCORES SETTLED can we stop it before it's too late? seating on tr!ps originating in the State, The choice of Brennan as Secretary of Or will the world meet its .final fate? and the Interstate Commerce Commis­ Labor settled both scores. We try and all pitch-in,. sion has ordered separate seating on What is even clearer is that Richard Nixon Before we can't see the sun again. buses-an order now held up by court ap­ seems to be getting Increasingly in debt to The water is blac.knot blue. peals. individuals and interests that can only be And the fish might have to live in a shoe. The need to protect the rights of non­ described as bad news to most Blacks--the So if we don't all pitch-in, smokers cannot be disputed. Public sup­ exception being that handful of Negroes who It may not be the world again. Will make some personal gains at the price of port is overwhelming. and separate seat­ selling themselves and Black folks. The dis­ ing would cause no hardship to either the gusting thmg is that he 1s paying off tllese carriers or the travelers who chose to debts; with relish and glee. smoke despite the evidence of its effect RIGHT NOT TO SMOKE SHOULD on health. BE BASIC Hopefully, the Congress will remedy this gross injustice and protect the rights POEMS DEALING WITH OUR HON. C. W. BILL YOUNG of millions of nonsmoking Americans ENVffiONMENT OF FLORIDA v.'ith prompt action this session. IN 'l:"H& HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. JACK BRINKLEY Monday, January Z2, 1973 Mr. YOUNG of Florida. Mr. Speaker, H.R. 14-CONSUMER PROTECTION OF GEORG.IA AGENCY ACT OF 1973 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the right not to smoke should be basic, yet each day nonsmoking Americans MondaY. January 22. 1973- traveling on planes, trains, and buses are Mr. BRINKLEY. Mr. Speaker, three forced to inhale noxious fumes coming HON. BENJAMIN S. ROSENTHAL poems were recently given to me by three from smoking passengers. Medical sur­ OF NEW YORX alert sixth-grade students at Reese Road veys show that in this confined space, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES School in Columbus, Ga. The poems were smoke causes eye, throat, and nose ir­ part of a classroom project and deal with ritation, headache, dizziness, and nausea, Monday, January 22, 1973 the problems of air and water pollution. and ultimately threatens the nonsmok­ Mr. ROSENTHAL. Mr. Speaker, last They are illustrative of the fact that our er,s health. Thursday, January 18, 90 Members of children and their teachers are deeply The nonsmoker, I believe, should have the House cosponsored new legislation to concerned about cleaning up and pre­ the right to breathe unpolluted air. For establish an independent Federal Con­ serving our environment. this reason, early in 1971 I introduced the sumer Protection Agency. Upon hearing the three astronauts of Nonsmokers Relief Act, and reintroduced This Agency will represent the Amer­ Apollo 17 as they addressed the House of the measure-H.R. 1309-on January 3 ican consumer in all proceedings before Representatives today, I thought it very on the opening day of the new 93d Con­ the departments and agencies of Govern­ noteworthy th~t they made reference to gress. ment and will, for the first time, give the ublue earth" and to the importance This vital piece of legislation in no consumers equal clout with business when of preserving all its natural resources. way restricts the right to smoke on public Federal decisions are made a1Iecting the I feel, therefore, it to be especially appro­ conveyances. That is an individual de­ health and economic well-being of the priate today that the three poems-evi­ cision. However, the bill would require public. dencing awareness and the state of mind carriers to assure the rights of the non­ The effort to establish a strong con­ of a sixth-grade class-be brought to the smoker by providing separate seating on sumer agency will be the major consumer attention of my colleagues. planes, trains, and buses travelL"lg inter­ issue of the 93d Congress and will provide The poems read: state. a test of Congress willingness to chal­ Support for this measure has been lenge the anticonsumer biases of the (By Cheryl O'Brien) overwhelming: Thousands of letters in Nixon administration. favor have ttooded into my office from In the 91st Congress. CPA legislation Trees have a special meaning, I think you know that: too ..• across the Nation and even abroad. The passed the Senate, but failed to receive I'll tell you what they mean t:o me, Federal National Clearing House for a rule from the House Ru1es Committee. What do they mean to you? Smoking and Health released a survey In the 92d Congress, the House passed showing 58 percent of the people favor what many consumer advocates labeled They hum. a certain whisper .•• They sing a special song, restricting smoking, and 86.5 percent be­ a uweak" CPA bill while a stronger Sen­ They tell us when it's autumn ••• lieve smoking is enough of a health ate measure was :filibustered to death in And when ~e winter's ganef hazard to do something about it. An­ the closing days of the second session. other survey showed Long Island Rail­ The new legislation, unlike last Con­ We built our .first house . • • Yes, in a tree so high road passengers by a 5-to-1 margin favor gress House-passed bill, permits adequate We'd sit beneath our shelter riding in a nonsmoking car . and effective consumer representation on And watch the moon float on the sky. The American Medical Association has any issue which substantially affects the called for separating smokers and non­ consumer interest, but in a way that Trees are the most beautiful things I know, They do no harm, they simply grow. smokers, and U.S. Surgeon General Jesse guarantees the integrity of the adminis­ L. Steinfeld has gone so far as to propose trative processes of government. It gives .,POLLUTION" an outright ban on smoking in all public the CPA's consumer advocate essentially (By Ricky Nelson) places. On January 9, 1972, the Surgeon the same rights and remedies that are Pollution Is a crime to me, General issued a report that secondary now available to business interests. It.'s such a worrying thing. smoke inhalation not only caused severe The revised CPA bill is a strong and We can't see planes or ships in the sea., distress to the nonsmoker but jeopardized fair piece of legislation which will not Or even human beinga. his health,. particularly if he suffers from abuse the trust and confidence of the Water Is a crime to 1ne_ a respiratory ailment. American consumer nor threaten the in­ I always drink it clean. Since the Nonsmokers Relief Act was terests of legitimate- businessmen. It is The water that 1 can see, introduced. many of the Nation's lead­ my strong hope and expectation that It doesn't make the scene. ing air carriers have voluntarily adopted both the House and Senate will take early 1774 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 22, 1973 and favorable action on creating an ef­ which is an amalgam of the best features of four. years coterminus with that of the Presi­ fective consumer protection agency. H.R. 14 (the bill I introduced in the 92nd dent, by and with the advice and consent Congress with 170 co-sponsors) and S. 3970 of the Senate. (The four year term is a new I am including below a list of cospon­ (the Ribicoff-Percy Senate blll). I have provision designed to increase the independ­ sors, a "dear colleague" letter to House adopted, for example, the "intervention" pro­ ence of the Administrator from the White Members on the bill, and a section-by­ vision of the Senate blll which perxnlts ade­ House). se~tion analysis: quate and effective consumer representation SEc. 202. Powers and Duties of Adxnlnistra- CONSUMER PROTECTION AGENCY BILL on any issue which substantially affects the tor: COSPONSORS, 93D CONGRESS consumer interest, but in a way that guar­ (b) Employ experts and consultants. Abzug, Bella S., Adams, Brock, Addabbo, antees the integrity of the administrative Appoint advisory committees. Joseph, Badillo, Herman, Biaggi, Mario, process. It gives the CPA's consumer advocate Promulgate rules. Hingham, Jonathan B., Boland, Edward P., essentially the same rights and remedies that Enter into and perform contracts and Brademas, John, Brasco, Frank J., Brown, are now available to business groups. Unlike leases. George E., Jr., Burke, Yvonne Brathwaite, last year's House-passed bill, the new CPA (c) Upon written request by the Admin­ Burke, James A., Burton, Phillip, Carey, legislation does not impose on the advocate istrator, each federal agency is authorized Hugh L., Carney, Charles J., Chisholm, Shir­ impracticable and legally impossible distinc­ and directed- ley, Clark, Frank M., Convers, John, Jr., Cor­ tions between formal and informal federal To make its facilities and personnel avail­ man, James c., Cotter, William R., Daniels, agency actions (enforcement of the Flam­ able to the greatest practicable extent. Dominick V., Dellums, Ronald V., and Dent, mable Fabrics Act, the Wholesome Meat Act To furnish to the CPA information and John H. and others, are most often handled informally data and to allow access to all documents, Diggs, Charles C., Jr., Drinan, Robert F., outside of the provisions of the Adxnlnistra­ papers, and records in its possession which Dulski, Thaddeus J., Eckhardt, Bob, Edwards, tive Procedure Act). The new blll's sole cri­ the Administrator deems necessary for the Don, Eilberg, Joshua, Fascell, Dante B., teria for intervention are: does the action performance of his functions. Except that, a Fauntroy, Walter E., Fish, Haxnllton, Jr., substantially affect consumers and does the federal agency may deny the Administrator Ford, William D., Fraser, Donald M., Grasso, consumer advocate have a right of interven­ access to and copies of- Ella T., Green, William J., Gude, Gilbert, tion equivalent to that avaliable to business ( 1) Information classified in the interest of Hanley, James M., Harrington, Michael, groups? Again, the new "intervention" pro­ national defense and national security and Hawkins, Augustus F., Hechler, Ken, Hel­ vision, adopted from the Senate bill, does data controlled by the Atomic Energy Act; stoski, Henry, Holtzman, Elizabeth, Howard, not tolerate undue administrative delay or (2) Policy recommendations by agency James J., and Jordan, Barbara. tinkering. personnel intended for internal use only; Karth, Joseph E., Kastenmeier, Robert W., In short, the new CPA bill I am introducing (3) Information concerning routine execu­ Koch, Edward I., Kyros, Peter N., Matsunaga, gives the consumer advocate an unfettered tive and administrative functions not oth"r­ Spark M., Meeds, Lloyd, Minish, Joseph G., right of access to other agencies, within those wise a matter of public record; Mink, Patsy T., Mitchell, Parren J., Moakley, agencies' procedural rules and regulations; ( 4) Personnel and medical files; John, Moorhead, William S., Morgan, Thomas and access to information from other agen­ ( 5) Information which such agency is ex­ E., Moss, John E., Murphy, John M., Murphy, cies and from industry but with extensive pressly prohibited by law from disclosing to Morgan F., Nix, Robert N. C., Patton, Ed­ safeguards and limitations spelled out. I have another federal agency. wards J., Pepper, Claude, Pettis, Jerry L., attached a section by section analysis of the (d) Trade secrets and commercial or fi­ Pike, Otis G., Podell, Bertram, Price, Melvin, new bill, which highlights changes from nancial information are available to the Ad­ and Pritchard, Joel. H.R. 14. ministrator only upon a written statement Rangel, Charles B., Reid, Ogden R., Riegle, The revised CPA blll is, I believe, a strong by him when he has determlned that im­ Donald W., Jr., Rodino, Peter W., Jr., Ron­ and a fair piece of legislation which will not mediate access to such information is neces­ calio, Teno, Rooney, Fred B., Rostenkowski, abuse the trust and confidence of the Ameri­ sary in order to protect public health or Dan, Sarbanes, Paul S., Seiberling, John F., can consumer, nor alarm legitimate business­ safety or to protect against lmxnlnent sub­ Stanton, James V., Stokes, Louis, Studds, men. stantial economic injury due to fraud or Gerry E., Syxnlngton, James W., Thompson, Sincerely yours, unconscionable conduct; and only after no­ Frank, Jr., Tiernan, Robert 0., Vanik, Charles BENJAMIN S. ROSENTHAL, tice that the request for access has been im­ A., Waldie, Jerome R., Wolif, Lester L., Yates, Member of Congress. mediately communicated to the person who Sidney R., Yatron, Gus, and Zablocki, provided such information to the Agency. Clement J. However, any such information described SECTION-BY-SECTION ANALYSIS OF THE CoN­ SUMER PROTECTION AGENCY ACT OF 1973 above cannot be disclosed to the public by CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, the Administrator if it was received by a Washington, D.O., January 3, 1973. SEc. 2. Statement of Findings. The Con­ federal agency as confidential. DEAR CoLLEAGUE: For the past two Con­ gress finds that the interests of the American (The specific mention of types of informa­ gresses, a substantial majority of the House consumer are inadequately represented and tion not available to the Administrator from and the Senate has favored the establishment protected within the federal government; other federal agencies has been added in the of an independent Consumer Protection and vigorous representation and protection new CPA blll. Also added is a provision that Agency ( OPA) to represent the consumer of consumer interests are essential to the information involving trade secrets and com­ interest before federal agencies and courts. fair and efficient functioning of a free mar­ mercial or financial information from indus­ Unfortunately, a final vote in the Senate was ket economy. try shall be available to the Administrator prevented by a filibuster in the closing days TITLE I-QFFICE OF CONSUMER AFFAIRS of the CPA only upon a written statement of the 92nd Congress; and, the legislation did SEc. 101. Office Established: to be headed when he has determined that immediate ac­ not receive a House Rule in the 91st Con­ by a Director and Deputy Director appointed cess to such information is likely to be neces­ gress. by the President by and with the advice and sary in order to protect public health or The makeup of the 93rd Congress holds out consent of the Senate. safety or to protect against imminent sub­ the promise of favorable action early this SEc. 102. Powers and Duties of Director of stantial economic injury due to fraud or year; and, so long as federal agencies con­ Office spelled out. unconscionable conduct, after notice has tinue to make decisions affecting the health SEc. 103. Functions of the Office: been communicated to the person who pro­ and economic wellbeing of consumers with­ To coordinate the consumer programs of vided such information. Also, such informa­ out adequate or any consumer in-put, the federal agencies; tion even if· available to the Administrator need for a CPA will remain great. But the To assure the effectiveness of federal con­ cannot be disclosed to the public if the Agency we create must have the confidence sumer programs; agency originally receiving the material of the consumer community and sufficient To submit recommendations to the Con­ agreed to treat it as confidential.) powers to provide the buying public with the gress and the President on improving federal (e) The Administrator shall report once kind of representation it needs. consumer programs; each year to the Congress and the President As you may know, many consumer ad­ To initiate and coordinate consumer edu­ on the effectiveness of federal consumer pro­ vocates both in and out of Congress regarded cation programs; grams and the adequacy of enforcement of last year's House passed bill (H.R. 10835) as To cooperate with and assist state and consumer laws. seriously inadequate. The extent to which local governments and private enterprise in SEC. 203. Functions of the Agency: To represent the interests of consumers H.R. 10835 denied adequate representation to foster~g consumer programs; consumers in the broad spectrum of federal To publish and distribute a Consumer before federal agencies and courts. To support research, studies and testing decision-making-the heart of the bill-is Register listing federal actions of interest a debatable issue. It is fair to say, however, leading to a better understanding of and to consumers. im.proved consumer products and services. that the confusion surTounding the ability SEc. 104. Transfer of Functions. of the CPA to intervene under the provisions To submit recommendations to the Con­ of H.R. 10835, could only have been resolved TITLE II-cONSUMER PROTECTION gress and the President. through hundreds of costly and time-con­ AGENCY To publish and distribute consumer infor­ suming court battles. Moreover, H.R. 10835 SEc. 201. Establishes independent Con­ mation. suffers from other serious weaknesses. sumer Protection Agency, to be headed by an To conduct surveys and investigations con­ Accordingly, I will be introducing shortly, Administrator and Deputy Admin.istrator, cerning the needs, interests and problems of a revised Consumer Protection Agency bill appointed by the President for a term of consumers. January 22, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1775 To keep the Congress fully informed of aU of any proceeding or activity and furnish a record, or can be obtained from another fed­ its activities. brief status report. Every federal agency in eral agency. SEC. 204. Representation of consumer in­ taking any action of the nature which can (c) In the dissemination of any test results terests before federal agencies: reasonably be construed as substant1ally af­ which disclose product names, it shall be (a) Whenever the Admlnistrator deter­ fecting the interests of consumers shall take made clear, if such is the case, that. nat an mines that the result of any federal agency such action in a manner calculated to give products of a competitive nature have been proceeding which is subject to the provisions due consideration to the valid interests of tested and that there is no intent or purpose of the Administrative Procedure Act or which consumers. In taking any such action, the to rate products tested over those not tested is conducted on the record after opportunity agency concerned shall indicate concisely in or to imply that those tested are superior or for an agency hearing. may substantially af­ a public announcement of such action the preferable. fect the interests of consumers, he may as of effect that its action or decision is likely to SEc. 209. (a) The Agency shall, in the exer­ right intervene as a party by entering his ap­ have on the consumer interest. cise of its functions. (1) encourage and sup­ pearance or otherwise participate for the pur­ SEC. 207. Consumer Complaints. The port testing of consumer products' and re­ pose of representing the interests of con­ Agency and the omce shall receive, evaluate, search for improving consumer services in sumers in such proceeding. The Administra­ develop, act on and transmit complaints to the exercise of its functions under sections tor shall comply with agency statutes and the appropriate federal agencies or non­ 204 and 208 of this Title; (2) make. recom­ rules of procedure governing the timing of in­ federal sources concerning actions or prac­ mendations to other federal agencies with tervention or participation and, upon in­ tices which may be detrimental to the con­ respect to research and studies which would tervening or participating, shall comply with sumer interest, including in:formation dis­ be useful to consumers; and (3) report to agency statutes and rules of procedure con­ closing a probable violation of any law, rule Congress on establishing a national consumer cerning the conduct thereof. or order of any U.S. agency, any commercial information foundation. (b) Whenever the Administrator deter­ or trade practice affecting the consumer in­ (b) All federal agencies which possess test­ mines that the result of any federal agency terest. The Agency and omce shall ascertain ing facil1ties relating to the performance- of activity to which subsection {a) does not the nature and extent of action taken with consumer products are authorized and dL­ apply may substantially affect the interests regard to the complaints and shall promptly rected to perform promptly such t~ as the of consumers, he may as of right participate. notify persons complained against. The Administrator may request, in the exercise rn exerelsing such right, he may in an orderly Agency shall maintain in a public document of his functions under Section 204 of this manner and without causing undue d-elay room for public inspection and copying an Title. (1) present orally or in writing to respon­ up-to-date listing of consumer complaints (c) Neither a federal agency nor the Ad­ sible agency omclals relevant information, arranged in meaningful and useLul cate­ ministrator shall declare one product. to. be briefs. and arguments; and (2) have an op­ gories, together with annotations of actions better, or a better buy, than any other prod­ portunity equal to that of any person outside taken on those complaints. Provided, that a uct. The Administrator shan periodically re­ the agency to participate in such activity. complaint may be made available for public view products which have been tested to as­ Such participation need not be simultaneous inspection only with the permission of the sure that such products and information but should occur within a reasonable time. complainant and only after the party com­ disseminated about them conform to the test (d) The Administrator may request or peti­ plained against or agency to which such com­ results. tion a federal agency to initiate a proceeding plaint has been referred has had a reasonable SEc. 210. So as to assure fairness to ali. af­ or activity or to take such other action as time, but not more than 60 days, to comment fected parties regarding the release of pro­ may be within the authority of such agency on such complaint. duct test data containing product names, if a substantial consumer interest is in­ SEc. 208. Consumer Information and Serv­ prior to such release, the agency shall act volved. ices. The Agency is authorized to conduct pursuant to regulations after notice and op­ (e) In any federal agency proceeding or ac­ and support studies and investigations con­ portunity for comment by interested persons. tivity in which he is intervening or par­ cerning the interests of consumers and shall SEc. 211. Information disclosure. The .Ad­ ticipating. the Administrator is authorized to develop on its own initiative, gather from ministrator shall not disclose any informa­ request the host- federal agency to issue and other federal agencies and non-federal tion which it has obtained from a federal the federal agency shall issue such nrders sources, and disseminate to the public infor­ agency through its records wllfch such for the summoning of witnesses, copying of mation, statistics and other data concerning agency has specified is exempted from dis­ documents. papers, and records. and submis­ ( 1) the :functions and duties of the Agency; closure under Section 552 of Title 5 United sion of information in writing unless the (2) consumer products and services after States Cbde or by any other provision of law agency determines that the request is not such have been determined to be accurate and which such agency has specified should relevant to the matter at issue, is unneces­ and provided such are not within the trade not be disclosed. sarily burdensome, or would unduely inter­ secret and financial limitations of Section 552 (c) The Administrator shall not disclose fere with the conduct of the agency proceed­ of Title 5 of the United States Code; and (3) any trade secret or other confidential busi­ ing or activity. problems encountered by consumers gen­ ness information described by Section 1905 (g) The Administrator is authorized to erally including commercial and trade prac­ of Title 18 United States Code (concerning intervene or participate in any state or tices ot federal. state and local governments trade secrets and financial information), ex­ local agency or court proceeding, except a which adversely affect consumers. cept that such information may be disclosed criminal proceeding, where the Administrator (b) In exercising the authority under sub­ (1) to the public only if necessary to pro­ determines that a substantial consumer in­ section (a) of this section, the Administrator tect health or safety and (2) in a manner terest is affected and a request for interven­ is authorized to the extent required by health designed to preserve confidentiality ta duly 'l:ion or participation has been received In or safety of consumers or to discover con­ authorized committees of the Congress, to writing by the Governor, a state Consumer sumer frauds, to obtain information from courts and federal agencies in representing Protection Agency, or a state or local court industry, by requiring such person engaged the interests o! consumers. conducting the proceeding. in a trade, business, or industry which sub­ TITLE llr-CONSUMER ADVISORY SEc. 205. Judicial Review: stantially affects interstate commerce, by COUNCIL (a) The Administrator shall have stand­ general or specific order setting forth with SEc. 301. Establishes a 15 member Consumer ing to obtain judicial review of any federal particularity the consumer interest involved Advisory Council appointed by the Presi­ agency action reviewable under law in any and the purposes for which the information dent. Members of the Council shall be paid civil proceeding in a court of the United is. sought, to file with him a report or answers only while on the business of the Council. States involving review or enforcement of a in writing to specific questions. Nothing in The Council shall (1) advise the Agency and federal agency action substantially affecting this paragraph shall be construed to author­ omce on matters relating to the consum:er the interest of consumers, if the Adminis­ ize the inspection or copying of documents, Interests (2) review and evaluate- the effec­ trator intervened or participated in the fed­ papers, books or records, or to compel the tiveness of federal consumer programs. eral agency proceeding or activity out of attendance of any person. Nor shall anything which such action arose; or, where he did in this subsection require the disclosure of not so intervene or participate, unless the information which would violate any rela­ court. determines that such interven-!;ion in tionship privileged according to law. Any dis­ MEMORIAL TO FRANK T . BOW the judicial proceeding would be detrimen­ trict court of the United States within the tal to the interests of justice. jurisdiction of which such person is found or (b) Before instituting judicial review of has his principal place of business, shall issue HON. J. HERBERT BURKE any federal action where he did not intervene an order requiring compliance with the valid or participate in the agency proceeding or order of the Administrator so long as the OF FLORIDA activity out of which such action arose, the request for information is not unnecessarily IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Administrator shall file a timely petition or excessively burdensome and is relevant to Monday, January 22, 1973 be:fore such agency for a rehearing or re­ the purposes for which the information is consideration. sought. The Administrator shall not exercise Mr. BURKE of Florida. Mr_ Speaker, SEc. 206. Notice: each federal agency con­ the authority of this subsection if the infor­ I rise to voice my feeling of deep loss sidering any action which may substantially mation sought is for use in connection with over the death of our former colleague, affect the interests of consumers shall, upon his intervention in any pending agency pro­ Frank T. Bow, who for 22 years repre­ reques~ by the Ad.minJstrator. notify h1m ceeding, is a"Vailable as a matter of public sented the 16th Congressional District 1776 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 22, 1973 of Ohio in the U.S. Congress. We will not and capital and formed intimate rela­ agement with ownership. The broadcast have the pleasure of his company any tionships with the broadcast station; and industry was quite alarmed at the new more, nor will we have the benefit of his the challenging applicants could still en­ policy. WHDH had been valued at $60 wisdom in the Congress. ter broadcasting by developing a UHF million with annual net income between As the ranking Republican on the frequency or by buying a station and ob­ $5 and $7 million. "Broadcasting" maga­ Committee on Appropriations, Mr. Bow, taining a transfer of its license, a com­ zine reported a study by Martin Seiden was the voice and spirit of conservative mon practice. indicating that broadcasting stations and responsible government. His physi­ Broadcast service requires stability throughout the country valued at $3 cal well-being came second to him in because of the long-range commitments billion could be jeopardized by the new his fight against wasteful Government necessary for meritorious service. Capi­ standards. spending. Our present unbalanced budget tal investments must constantly be made During the 91st Congress, in 1969, the and overblown appropriations would not in order to upgrade service. A dynamic distinguished Senator from Rhode Is­ be our burden if he had his way, yet technology insures that new investment land, the Honorable JoHN PASTORE, chair­ they might have been worse if it were opportunities will continually present man of the Communications Subcommit­ not for his efforts. themselves. These investments must be tee of the Senate Commerce Committee The loss by the death of Frank Bow to amortized over periods of time longer introduced S. 2004 which would have es~ me is not only that of the loss of a than 3 years. The incentive that the tablished new procedures for renewing friend, but it is also the loss of a good broadcaster needs to make these im­ broadcast licenses. Extensive hearings American colleague. To Frank Bow we provements is the reasonable chance that were held on the bill and considerable can truly say not onl:• "goodbye," but we he will be around long enough to recover support was given the bill by Members of can honestly say "congratulations on a his costs. The broadcaster must also the Senate. By the end of the year pas­ job well done." make long-range commitments for the sage appeared imminent. future delivery of programing. At that point the Federal Communica­ In light of these facts, we can appre­ tion Commission intervened with a new ciate the significance of the FCC ruling "Policy Statement on Comparative ANNUNZIO INTRODUCES LICENSE in the infamous WHDH decision that Hearings Involving Re~rnlar Renewal RENEWAL BILL TO END THE REG­ the licensee's past broadcast perform­ Applicants," issued in January 1970. The ULATORY AND JUDICIAL CHAOS ance fell within the bounds of average new policy statement reduced much of performance and was therefore to be the political pressure for legislation by HON. FRANK ANNUNZIO dismissed as not a factor of decisional unambiguously restoring the essential OF n.LINOIS significance. There should be little won­ renewal policy which had guided the der that this decision caused profound FCC prior to WHDH. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES shock in the broadcast industry since The 1970 policy statement declared a Monday, January 22, 1973 broadcasters were led to believe by the preference for any renewal applicant over Mr. ANNUNZIO. Mr. Speaker, on Jan­ decision that they were henceforth to be a competitive challenge if the licensee uary 3, I introduced a license renewal judged not by their past broadcast per­ could demonstrate that its programing bill, H.R. 265, which is similar to the bill formance but by new and exotic criteria had substantially met the needs and in­ I introduced in the 92d Congress. My bill concocted by FCC commissioners. Until terests of its area. The Commission ex­ in the last Congress reflected the strong that eventful decision in January 1969, ~licitly avoided a policy of revoking a public support throughout the country broadcasters and the public had mu­ license because of other media holdings, for a legislative remedy to the license re­ tually prOspered under a fair amount of preferring to establish such policies by newal problem. Although hearings were stability. That stability, once ruptured, rulemaking rather than implementing not held in the 92d Congress, hearings has proved impervious to repair, by non­ them in a case-by-case approach. It also have been promised for early in the first legislative bodies. said a good record may outweigh local session of the 93d Congress. It is my The Federal Communications Com­ residence and the integration of owner­ strong hope that those hearings will re­ mission had expressed its previous li­ ship with management. sult in meaningful legislation. I also be­ cense renewal policy in the Hearst The tranquillity in the broadcast in­ lieve that the language of my bill is the Radio Inc.-WEAL-decision in 1951 dustry barely outlived the remaining precise formulation needed. and again in Wabash Valley Broad­ months of the 91st Congress. In June The problem of license renewal is a casting Corp.-WTHI-TV-in 1963. In 1971, Judge Skelly Wright of the u.s. perfect example of a situation where ex­ Hearst, renewal of the license was Circuit Court of Appeals for the Distlict isting lEgislation, which had proved ade­ granted because of "the clear advantage of Columbia overturned the 1970 policy quate over a lengthy period of time, has of continuing the established and excel­ statement. The court rejected the policy suddenly been rendered extremely un­ lent service-of the existing station­ statement because it denied all appli­ stable by regulatory and judicial actions. when compared to the risks attendant on cants their rights to a full hearing as Television and radio broadcasters, until the execution of the proposed program­ required by the Communications Act of recently, could expect to have their li­ ing of-the new applicant-excellent 1934 according to the Supreme Court in censes renewed if they had done a good though the proposal may be." Ashbacker, 1945. job of serving their communities. There Those precedents were apparently The court's decision evoked dozens of never was any question that the public overturned in January 1969 when license renewal bills during the 92d Con­ owned the airwaves nor were broadcast­ WHDH lost its license in Boston be­ gress, besides my own, but hearings were ers deluded into thinking that a license cause of two factors: diversification of not held. The lack of hea1ings was part­ to broadcast conveyed any private prop­ the media and integration of owner­ ly due to 1972 being an election year. A erty rights. ship with management. The Commis­ more important factor, however, was the They did not feel it unreasonable to sion later reinterpreted this decision so absence of any apparent rush by the FCC assume, however, that by offering a com­ as to thoroughly confuse the issues in­ to implement the court's decision. munity good broadcast service during volved and to obviate the use of WHDH The FCC can drag its feet only so long the 3-year license period and by invest­ as a precedent. But the damage had before the court determines that a ing capital to improve their facilities been done: the old policy of favoring deliberate attempt to circumvent its de­ that they were entitled to added consid­ "meritorious" service over "paper pro­ cision is being made. When that fateful eration during renewal time over com­ posals" has been effectively emasculated. moment arrives, broadcasters will be peting applicants with nothing better to The impact of WHDH, despite FCC quite vulnerable to challenges by com­ offer than future promises. That situa­ protestations, appeared to install the pleting applicants. tion, while probably not being the happi­ 1965 policy statement on comparative The court, in its decision in the Cit­ est of all worlds, was quite adequate for broadcast hearings as the standard by izen's case in June 1971, stated that the public interest and all concerned. which renewal applicants were to be a broadcaster's past programing rec­ Broadcasters were given the incen­ judged. The policy statement, originally ord must be clearly "superior'' before the tive to offer good service and invest in intended for new applicants only, placed incumbent licensee can be accorded any their facilities; the community served significant emphasis on diversification preference. Even then, programing is benefited from that investment of time of the media and integration of man- not the decisive factor in a comparative January 22, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1777 hearing, but only one of many considera- pending license renewal applications." litical deals by electors which would tions. · The emphasis is on proven service to the frustrate the expressed desires of the Recently, on May 4, 1972, in a further community. I believe this is the best American voter. In a very close two· decision involving the Citizen's decision, standat·d we could apply to broadcasters. candidate race, or in a wide-open three­ the cout:"t elaborated its conception of By enacting my bill we can restore way race, the result might be the selec­ what those other considerations ought order to the renewal process and provide tion of a presidential candidate who had to be: a congressional standard clearly em­ been rejected by a majority of voters in (W) e suggested specific criteria for use in phasizing community service. Against the the general election. This danger is determining whether an incumbent had per­ background of that new stability, the greatest in a three-way race, for the formed in a "superior" manner, including (1) FCC will be more free to complement third-place finisher could wheel and deal elimination of excessive and loud advertis­ present broadcast service by encouraging with the leading two candidates, extract­ ing; (2) delivery of quality programs; (3) the full development of the broadcast ing political blackmail in exchange for the extent to which the incumbent has re­ spectrum. invested the profit from his license to the delivering his electoral votes to the can­ service of the viewing and listening public; didate who paid him the highest political price. (4) diversification of ownership of mass me­ CONSTITUTIONAL REVISION OF THE dia; and (5) independence from governmen­ The constitutional amendment which tal influence in promoting First Amendment PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION SYSTEM I am proposing would permit each State objectives. (24 RR 2d 2045, 2046.) to retain its present number of electoral Under the Communication Act of 1934, HON. JONATHAN B. BINGHAM votes, but it would abolish the selection the mechanism of license renewal is of OF NEW YORK of individual electors. The winner of the crucial importance to the broadcast in­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES popular vote in each State would auto­ matically receive that State's total of dustry and the listening and viewing Monday, January 22, 1973 public. Every 3 years a new decision must electoral votes. Article n of the U.S. be made as to who will operate over each Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, today I Constitution provides that each State allocated broadcasting frequency. And am introducing legislation to change the shall have a number of electoral votes unlike the Schmoos in the world of "Li'l perilous structure existing within our equal to its total of Senators and Repre­ Abner," broadcasters and t!le resources constitutional framework for electing sentatives in Congress, and that provision they command are not available in in­ Presidents and Vice Presidents. This leg­ is retained in the amendment which finite supply. islation is aimed at the Scylla and I am introducing. No State's electoral Therefore, it is mandatory that the law Charybdis which threaten American strength would be diminished-Alaska and regulations pertaining to broadcast­ democracy; the electoral college and the would still have three electoral votes, ing provide for orderly procedures for role of the House of Representatives and Texas would have 26, Kansas would re­ license renewal with clearcut standards. the Senate in selecting a President and a tain its seven, California would still lead The procedures must insure that broad­ Vice President if the electoral college is the Nation with 45, and my own home casters offering their communities good deadlocked. State of New York would again cast 41 service have a reasonable chance of ob­ I am pleased to have as cosponsors of electoral votes. The weight of every taining a renewal of their license. Other­ this legislation Mr. BUCHANAN, Mr. American's vote would remain exactly wise, the public will suffer from inferior MAZZOLI, Mrs. ;MINK, Mr. MITCHELL of as it is today, but no longer could the service. Since the Communications Act Maryland, Mr. MOAKLEY, Mr. MOORHEAD whim or political scheming of individ­ of 1934 is now in disarray in this regard, of Pennsylvania, Mr. PARRIS, and Mr. ual electors and third-party candidates new legislation should be enacted clarify- PODELL. stand between the Amelican voter and . ing the license renewal proceedings: In the past two Congresses I have in­ the selection of the candidate of his Without new law, the vacuum will be troduced legislation proposing a consti­ choice. filled by the FCC and the courts vacillat­ tutional amendment which would ac­ This legislation would also abolish the ing from one creative inspiration to an­ complish two objectives. potential for throwing the presidential other. I will not deny that their show is First, the electoral college would be election into the House of Representa­ entertaining, but my bill will guarantee abolished, but the current electoral sys­ tives and the vice-presidential election that the general public continues to re­ tem would be retained. Each State's elec­ into the Senate. Under our Constitution, ceive more wholesome entertainment on toral votes would be cast automatically if a presidential race involves three or radio and tele\'ision. for the popular vote winner in the State. more candidates and none receives a Briefly, my bill will extend the maxi­ Second, in the event that no presiden­ majority of the electoral college votes, mum broadcast license period from 3 to 5 tial candidate receives a majority of the the House of Representatives must then years and will provide for granting an electoral votes, a run-off election would select a President from among the top application for renewal of license where be held between the two top contenders. three electoral vote-getters while the an applicant is legally, financially, and The existing structure for selecting Senate chooses between the two leading technically qualified and has not ex­ Presidents and Vice Presidents contains vice-presidential candidates to fill the hibited a callous disregard for the law or a set of hidden traps whose jaws may one second highest offi.ce in the land. Each regulations of the Federal Communica­ day crush the political integrity of our State casts one vote in the House pro­ t~ons Commission. An applicant who is Nation. ceeding, and the recipient of that· vote not fully qualified or one who has demon­ Under existing law, voters in each is determined by a majority vote of each strated a callous disregard for the law State do not cast their votes for an actual State's House delegation. In the Senate, or FCC regulations will have those presidential candidate, but rather for a on the other hand, each Senator casts a deficiencies weighed against him in a re­ slate of electors who promise to cast their separate vote for Vice President. newal proceeding. My bill recognizes the votes in the electoral college for a presi­ The potential for chaos and disaster maturity of the industry by extending dential ticket. Apparently, those electors under these procedures is obvious. The the license renewal period and thereby are bound only by their sense of honor to voters of a particular State may elect a reduces the cost of license review to both fulfill that promise. They are in a legal House of Representatives delegation in the broadcaster and the Federal Com­ position to totally disregard the instruc­ which one party has the majority, and munications Commission. tions of the voters who selected them, simultaneously cast its popular vote for a The FCC is well equipped to sanction and they may cast their electoral votes presidential candidate of another party. any violation of the law during the li­ for any candidate of their choice. Recent If the majority of the State's House cense period so that the public interest examples of electors who refused to cast delegation decides to vote for the presi· will not suffer in that regard. If the ap­ their votes for the candidate to whom dential candidate of its own party, the ~licant for renewal is otherwise qualified, they were pledged can be found in the wishes of that State's voters would be it will be granted the license if it can presidential elections of 1972, 1968, 1960, blatantly frustrated. Similarly, the party demonstrate that its "broadcast service 1956, and 1948. Those cases involved elec­ which controls the Senate might select during the preceding license period has tors from Virginia, North Carolina, Okla­ a Vice President who had not been pre· reflected a good-faith effort to serve the homa, Alabama, and Tennessee, respec­ !erred by even a plurality of the voters, needs and interests of its area as repre­ tively. The perpetuation of this system and that Vice President might not be sented in its Immediately preceding and would leave the door open for secret PO· the running mate of the Presidential 1778 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 22, 1973 candidate who emerges victorious in the accusation that Adams had won the ceiving a majority of electoral votes for the House. Presidency through backroom deals and offices of President and Vice President shall The emergence of third-party move­ not by popular will. be declared the winners of those offices. Section 5 provides that, in the event no ments in this country increases the In 1876, Samuel J. Tilden and Ruther­ candidate receives a. majority of electoral chances that our Nation will one day be ford B. Hayes contested an election votes for the Presidency, a. runoff election confronted by an electoral crisis of this which has taken a prominent place on shall be held between the two leading elec­ nature. The amendment I am proposing the roster of unsavory American politi­ toral vote-getters. would prevent this explosive situation by cal events. Wheeling, dealing, and :fina­ Section 6 provides that the District of providing that if no presidential candi­ gling delivered the electoral college votes Columbia shall be entitled to a. number of date receives a majority of the electoral of Florida, Louisiana, and South Caro­ electoral votes equal to the Congressional votes, the two candidates with the great­ lina to Hayes despite the fact that the representation it would have if it were a state, but not more than the least populous est number of electoral vote would face popular votes in those States had been state. each other in a runoff election 1 month embroiled in extensive allegations of Section 7 permits the Congress to legis­ later. The candidate who receives the fraud and coercion. late the determination of election questions larger number of electoral votes· in that In 1972, political scientists were warn­ not covered by the amendment. runoff would be elected President, and ing that a three-way or even four-way II. A BILL TO ESTABLISH ELECTION DATES his running mate would become Vice presidential race was headed for a colli­ Section 1 spe.cifies that the Presidential President. sion course with our antiquated election election shall be held on the second Tues­ The direct election of the President laws. At one point, the distinct possibil­ day in October, and that, if necessary, the by total national vote has also been dis­ ity existed that the Democratic antiwar runoff election shall be held on the first cussed widely as a solution to the present movement might nominate its own Tuesday after the first Monday 1n Novem­ problem. This major proposal has an candidate if the nomination of the na­ ber. appealing ring to it, but realistically tional party went to a candidate not Section 2 revises the U.S. code (2 U.S.C. 7) to comply with section 1. speaking it has little chance of being strongly identified as opposed to the Section 3 specifies that the change 1n elec­ enacted. In the 92d Congress, I voted Vietnam conflict. Simultaneously, Gov. tion date shall be made only after ratification for that proposal, but I predicted that George Wallace, of Alabama, was waging of the proposed constitutional amendment. it would be the victim of widespread a vigorous primary campaign, and, he political opposition. That prediction was might have run for the Presidency in the borne out when the proposed legislation general election even if denied the Dem­ died in committee in the Senate. The ocratic Party nomination. That race was THE POSTAL SERVICE failure which marked that effort would halted by the tragic assassination at­ likely characterize an effort to reintro­ tempt upon Governor Wallace and by the duce direct election legislation. results of the Democratic convention, but HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI In addition to opposition in the Sen­ a race with three or four major candi­ OF U.LINOIS ate, political leaders from large and dates is likely to raise its head in the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES small States alike consider direct elec­ future. Political alliances and popular tion a threat to the special attention movements drift and swirl like a desert's Monday, January 22, 1973 which individual States command under sands, and we may well be faced again Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, a the present electoral vote system. Any with the prospect of a multicandidate member of the House Post omce and constitutional amendment must be rati­ race in our lifetimes. Civil Service Committee, I have played fied by the legislatures of three-fourths The governments of large and small a role in the passage of the Postal Service of the States, and it is most unlikely nations alike have toppled when con­ Act. I believe the Postal Service has that the proposal for direct election of fronted by constitutional crises. The shown signs of progress and has made the President could meet that require­ roots of our own democracy were shaken adjustments we all recognized were ment. The Founding Fathers envisioned in 1824 and 1876 by the inadequacies of necessary. a system of weighted electoral voting our presidential election system. With It must be kept in mind that a situa­ through which smaller States would re­ the exception of the Civil War period, tion that has been allowed to deteriorate tain the same impact as they possess in American society has never been more as badly as was the case in many facets Congress, and the proposal for direct fragmented and polarized than it is to­ of the old postal department will take election would dilute their strength. day. A crisis of confidence brought on time to cure, but I believe the Postal Large States would also object to the by the political machinations of a multi­ Service can stand up well in any objec­ end of the electoral vote concept be­ candidate presidential election to be de­ tive review . cause candidates would no longer have cided in the electoral college or in the One such review was carried in an to concentrate on winning over the House of Representatives could shatter an editorial by the Homewood-Flossmoor voters of individual States, but rather our national foundations. Star of Sunday, January 14, 1973, which could ignore State problems and present The great Spanish author Santayana I believe to be a sound appraisal of the truly tepid fare to the voters. The future warned: Postal Service. of the direct election proposal appears Those who cannot remember the past are The editorial follows: bleak, indeed. condemned to repeat it. As WE SEE IT-TH.E POSTAL SERVICE Critics of these proposed solutions In the hope that our Nation may be The U.S. Postal service, newest of the may claim that our concern is "much major federal agencies, shows signs of living spared a repetition of the past which up to its promises. In its first year of opera­ ado about nothing" because of the clear has shattered foreign governments and and convincing results of the 1972 presi­ tion, the USPS has made headway on two an­ shaken our own, I offer this legislation. nounced goals: reducing costs and improving dential election which left no room for A section-by-section analysis of the the quality and reliability of mail service. political chicanery in the electoral col­ legislation follows: As a result of increased productivity and a. lege or in Congress. We must not permit SECTION-BY -SECTION ANALYSIS commitment by postal officials to hold the this country to be lulled into a false sense line on costs, a $450 million increase in of constitutional security as a result of I. JOINT RESOLUTION TO AMEND THE postal rates scheduled to take place in the recent election. CONSTITUTION January has been canceled. In 1824, a four-man race saw Andrew Section I states that this amendment In the period 1969-71, postal revenues, fees alters the electoral system contained in and other types of income provided 80 per Jackson, John Quincy Adams, William Article II of the Constitution and in the cent of the USPS's cost of operation. The Crawford, and Henry Clay vying for the 12th and 24th Amendments to the Constitu­ remainder came from direct Congressional Presidency. Jackson garnered the great­ tion. appropriations, which in 1971 reached a est number of electoral votes, but failed Section 2 gives each state the number of record high of $2.08 billion. In 1972 postal to achieve a majority. The election was electoral votes which corresponds to its total revenues provided 84 per cent of the cost of thrown into the House of Represent­ representation in the Congress. operation, and the Congressional subsidy Section 3 awards each state's electoral was $1.3 billion, down nearly 35 per cent from atives and, when the smoke cleared, votes for President and Vice-President to the the 1971 figure. Adams emerged as President and Clay candidates receiving the greatest number of The USPS's achievements are especially was quickly named Secretary of State. votes for those offices in each state. noteworthy because not only do they reverse That administration was tainted by the Section 4 provides that the candidates re- the usual trend of government operations January 22, 19t3 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1779 but also because they were attained despite about higher prices, lower production and DEFEAT IN NEW YORK the heaviest mail load in U.S. history. Mailed lower incomes-and yet totally escape the The most heartening example-and one during 1972 were 87.2 billion pieces of mail, blame, which can easily be loaded on busi­ that can only give us all hope for a free or 419 pieces for every person in the United ness, unions, or the consumer as the particu­ America-was in New York City, where every States. This was an increase of 200 million lar administration sees fit. leading politician of both parties, aided and pieces from the 1971 figure. abetted by a heavily financed and dema­ Approximately half of all mail handled A common criticism is that the VAT, gogic TV campaign, urged the voters to sup­ each year is first-class. Last year, however, like the sales tax, is a regressive tax, fall­ port a transportation bond issue. Yet the first-class mail accounted for 56.7 per cent ing largely on the poor and the middle bond issue was overwhelmingly defeated­ of the total, a record 49 billion pieces. Con­ class, who pay a greater percentage of and this lesson for all our politicians was tinuing a trend started with the advent of their income than the rich. a .sharp and salutary one. the new agency, first-class mail service is Professor Rothbard states, however, Finally, the property tax, the mainstay of reportedly improved. According to USPS that VAT is in many respects worse than local government as the income tax is at officials, 94 per cent of first-class mall the federal level, is now generally acknowl­ deposited by 5 p.m. for local delivery reaches the sales tax: edged to have a. devastating effect on the its "destination the following day. Every business firm will be burdened by nation's housing. The property tax discour­ With such a.n auspicious beginning, the the cost of innumerable record-keeping and ages improvements and investments in hous­ U.S. Postal service may one day regain the collection for government. The result will be ing, has driven countless Americans out of prestige that the count ry's postal se1·vice an inexorable push of the business system their homes, and has led to spiralling tax once enjoyed. toward "vertical mergers" and the reduct ion abandonments in, for example, New York of competition. City, with a resulting deterioration of The VAT will, in addition, have a nega­ blighted slum housing. tive effect on employment. Professor "Government, in short, has reached its tax VALUE-ADDED TAX IS NOT Rothbard declares that: limit ; the people were finally saying an em­ THE ANSWER phat ic 'No!' to any further rise in their tax In the first place, any firm that buys, say burden. What was ever-encroaching govern­ machinery, can deduct the embodied VAT ment going to do? The nation's economists, HON. PHILIP M·. CRANE from its own tax liability; but if it hires most of whom are ever eager to serve as tech­ workers, it can make no such deduction. The OF U.LINOIS nicians for the expansion of state power, result wlll be to spur over-mechanization and were at hand wit h an answer, a new rabbit IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the firing of laborers. Secondly, part of the out of the hat to save the day for Big Monday, January 22, 1973 long run effect of VAT will be to lower the Government . • demand for labor and wage incomes, but They point ed out that the income tax and Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, in recent since unions and minimum wage laws are propert y tax were too evident, too visible, days there have been calls for a new kind able to keep wage rates up indefinitely, the and that so are the generally hated sales of tax, the value added tax. These calls impact will be a rise in unemployment. tax and excise taxes on specific commodities. come at a time when the American peo­ I wish to share Professor Rothbard's But how about a tax that remains totally ple have shown at the polls that what thoughtful analysis of the value added hidden, that the consumer or average Ameri­ they desil·e is lower taxes and less gov­ tax, which appeared in Human Events of can cannot identify and pinpoint as the ob­ ernmental interference in their lives, not ject of his wrath? It was this deliciously March lt, 1972, with my colleagues, and hidden quality that brought forth the rapt more. insert it into the RECORD at this time: attention of the Nixon Administration, the The advocates of the value added tax THE VALUE-ADDED TAX Is NOT THE ANSWER "Value Added Tax" (VAT). argue that this tax will replace property (By Murray N. Rothbard) The great individualist Frank Chodorov, taxes, not be imposed in addition to once an editor of HUMAN EVENTS, explained existing tax burdens. The history of One of the great and striking facts of clearly the hankering of government for hid· taxation, however, has shown us almost recent months is the growing resistance to den taxation: "It is not the size of the yield, . further taxes on the part of the long-suffer­ nor the certainty of collection, which gives beyond a doubt that taxes never go down. ing American public. Every individual, busi­ Government, in its continuing quest for indirect taxation [read: VAT] preeminence ness, or organization in American society in the state's scheme of appropriation. Its new funds, never relaxes its hold on acquires its revenue by the peaceful and most commendable quality is that of being existing sources of revenue. voluntary sale of productive goods and serv­ surreptitious. It is taking, so to speak, while What the value added tax is, essen­ ices to the consumer, or by voluntary dona­ the victim is not looking. tially, is a national sales tax, levied in tions from people who wish to further what­ "Those who strain themselves to give tax­ proportion to the goods and services pro­ ever the group or organization is doing. Only ation a moral character are under obliga­ duced and sold. It is also a concealed tax, government acquires its income by the coer­ tion to explain the state's preoccupation cive imposition of taxes. The welcome new with hiding taxes in the price of goods... for the VAT is levied at each step of the element is the growing resistance to further way in the production process: on (Frank Chodorov. Out of Step, Devin-Adair, tax exactions by the American people. 1962, p. 220.) farmer, manufacturer, jobber and whole­ In its endless quest for more and better The VAT is essentially a national sales tax, saler, and only slightly on the retailer. booty, the government has contrived to tax levied in proportion to the goods and serv­ When a consumer pays a 7-percent tax everything it can find, and in countless ways. ices produced and sold. But its delightful on every purchase, he is indignant and Its motto can almost be said to be: "If it concealment comes from the fact that the resentful toward government. But if the moves, tax ttl" VAT is levied at each step of the way 1n the Every Income, every activity, every piece production process: on farmer, manufac­ 7-percent tax is hidden and paid by every of property, every person in the land is sub­ firm rather than just at retail, the inevit­ turer, jobber and wholesaler, and only ject to a battery of tax extortions, direct and slightly on the retailer. ably higher prices will be blamed, riot on indirect, visible and invisible. There is of The difference is that when a consumer the Government, but on grasping busi­ course nothing new about this; what is new pays a 7 pe.r cent sales tax on every purchase, nessmen and avaricious trade unions. is that the accelerating drive of the govern­ his indignation rises and he points the finger The late Fl'ank Chodorov explained ment to tax has begun to run into deter­ of resentment at the politicians in charge of clearly the desire of Government for mined resistance on the part of the Ameri­ government; but if the 7 per cent tax 1s hidden taxation: can citizenry. hidden and paid by every firm rather than It is no secret that the income tax, the just at retail, the inevitably higher prices It is not the size of the yield, nor the cer­ favorite of government for its ability to tainty of collection which gives indirect taxa­ will be charged, not to the government where tion (read: VAT) preeminence in the state's reach in and openly extract funds from 'it belongs, but to grasping businessmen and scheme of appropriation. Its most commend­ everyone's income, has reached its political avaricious trade unions. able quality is that of being surreptitious. limit 1n this country. The poor and the mid­ · While consumers, businessmen and unions It is taking, so to speak, while the victim is dle class are now taxed so heavily that the all blame each other for inflation like Kil­ not looking. federal government, in particular, dares not kenny cats, Papa government is able to pre­ try to extort even more ruinous levies. serve its lofty moral purity, and to join in Discussing the value added tax, Prof. The outraged taxpayer, after all, can easily denouncing all of these groups for "causing inflation." Murray Rothbard, author of a number of become the outraged voter. How outraged important books including Man, Econ­ It is now easy to see the enthusiasm of the voters can be was brought home to the the federal government and its economic omy and the State, and a professor of politicians last November, when locality advisers for the new scheme for a VAT. It economics at Brooklyn Polytechni~ In­ after locality throughout the country rose allows the government to extract many more stitute, notes that: in wrath to vote down proposed bond is­ funds from the public--to bring about VAT allows the government to extract sues, even for the long-sacrosanct purpose of higher prices, lower production and lower in­ many more funds from the public-to bring expanding public schools. comes--and yet totally escape the blaine, 1780 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 22, 1973 which can easily be loaded on business, of record-keeping and collection, in practice One of Parkinson's justly famous "laws" is unions, or the consumer as the particular 1f the crude oil firm and the oil refiner were that, for government. "expenditure rises to administration sees fit. integrated into one firm, making only one meet income." If we allow the government The VAT is, in short, a looming gigantic payment, their costs could be lower. to find and exploit new sources of tax funds swindle upon the American public, and it VERTICAL MERGEB.S it wlli simply use those funds to spend mor~ is therefore vitally important that it shall Hence, vertical mergers wlli be induced by and more, and aggravate the already fearsome not pass. For if it does, the encroaching men­ burden of Big Government on the American ace of Big Government will get another, and the VAT, after which the Anti-Trust Divi­ sion of the Department of Justice would be­ economy and the American citizen. prolonged, lease on life. gin to clamor that the free market is pro­ The only way to reduce Big Government is One of the selling points for VAT is that ducing "monopoly" and that the merger to cut its tax revenue, and to force it to it is supposed only to replace the property must be broken by government fiat. stay within its more limited means. We must tax for its prime task of financing local pub­ The costs of record-keeping and payment see to it that government has less tax funds lic schools. Any relief of the onerous burden pose another grave problem for the market to play with, not more. The first step on of the property tax sounds good to many economy. Obviously, small firms are less able this road to lesser government and greater Americans. to bear these costs than big ones, and so the freedom is to see the VAT for the sWindle But anyone fam111ar with the history of VAT will be a powerful burden on small busi­ that it is, and to send it down to defeat. government or taxation should know the ness and hamper it gravely in the competi­ trap in this sort of promise. For we should tive struggle. It is no wonder that some big all know by now that taxes never go down. businesses look with favor on the VAT! FOR FEDERAL NO-FAULT AUTO­ Government, in its insatiable quest for new There is another grave problem with VAT MOBn.E INSURANCE funds, never relaxes its grip on any source a problem that the Western European coun~ of revenue. tries which have adopted VAT are already You know and I know that the property struggling with. HON. WILLIAM R. COTTER tax, even if replaced for school financing, In the VAT, every firm sends its invoices to OF CONNECTICUT wm not really go down; it will simply be the VAT embodied in its invoices for goods IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES shifted to other expensive boondoggles of bought from other firms. The result is an local government. And we also know full well irresistible opening for cheating, and in Monday, January 22, 1973 that the VAT will not long be limited to Western Europe there are special firms whose financing the schools; its vast potential (a business is to write out fake invoices which Mr. COTTER. Mr. Speaker, on Novem­ 10 per cent VAT would bring in about $60 can reduce the tax lia.bllities of their "cus­ ber 16, 1972, Frederick M. Watkins, presi­ billion in revenue) is just too tempting for tomers." Those businesses more wlliing to dent of the Aetna Insurance Co., ad­ the government not to use it to the hilt, cheat will then be forced in the competi­ dressed the Annual Conferment Confer­ and, in the famous words of New Dealer tive struggle of the market. Harry Hopkins: "to tax and tax, spend and ence in Richmond, Va. A further crucial flaw exists in the VAT, Fred Watkins is a leader in the :tight spend, elect and elect." a fiaw which will bring much grief to our Let us now delve more deeply into the spe­ economic system. Most people assume that for a Federal no-fault auto insurance cific nature of the VAT. A given percentage such a tax wlli simply be passed on in higher plan. While I was insurance commission­ (the Nixon Administration proposal is 3 per prices to the consumer. But the process is er in the State of Connecticut, I found cent) is levied, not on retall sales, but on not that simple. While, in the long run, prices Fred's efforts ir behalf of an effective no­ the sales of each stage of production, with to consumers will undoubtedly rise, there fault bill to be invaluable. the business firm deducting from its liab111ty will be two other important effects: a large Fred is now carrying his efforts to the the tax embodied in the purchases that he short-run reduction in business profits, and Federal level to insure the American makes from previous stages. It is thus a sales a long-run fall in wage incomes. tax hidden at each stage of production, from The critical blow to profits, while perhaps auto chiving ;>ublic of fast, effective auto the farmer or miner down to the retaller. only "short-run," will take place at a time insurance protection. In his speech, Fred A "B.EGRESSIVE" TAX of business recession, when many firms and eloquently describes not only the need for The most common criticism is that the industries are suffering from low profits and Federal no-fault auto insurance stand­ VAT, like the sales tax, is a "regressive" tax, even from business losses. The low-profit ards, but also a course of action for the falling largely on the poor and the middle firms and industries will be severely hit by insurance industry to follow to better class, who pay a greater percentage of their the imposition of VAT, and the result wlli be serve the American people. income than the rich. This is a proper and to cripple any possible recovery and plunge I know my colleagues will read the important criticism, especially coming at a us deeper into recession. Furthermore, new and creative firms, which usually begin small statement and be as impressed as I am time when the middle class is already suf­ with the efforts of Fred Watkins. The fering from an excruciating tax burden. and with low profits, wlll be similarly crippled The Nixon Administration proposes to al­ before they have scarcely begun. statement follows: leviate the burden on the poor by rebating The VAT will also have a severe, and No-FAULT AND CONGRESS: TIME FOR ACTION the taxes through the income tax. While this so far unacknowledged, effect in a{;gravating (By Frederick D. Watkins) unemployment, which is already at a high may alleviate the tax burden on the poor, the It was a year ago this month that I stood middle class, which pays most of our taxes recession rate. The grievous impact on un­ employment wlll be twofold. In the first before a group very similar to this one and anyway, will hardly be benefited. took the rather unorthodox position that we "Furthermore, there is a more sinlster ele­ place, any firm that buys, say, machinery, can deduct the embodied VAT from its own need Federal guidelines for state no-fault in­ ment in the rebate plan: for some of the surance laws. poor will get cash payments from the IRS. tax 11ab111ty; but if it hires workers, it can make no such deduction. The result wlll be It was unorthodox because no insurance thereby bringing in the disastrous principle executive, including myself, likes the idea of of the guaranteed annual income (FAP) to spur over-mechanization and the firing of laborers. encouraging Federal involvement in our in­ through the back door." dustry. But the handwriting was already But the VAT is in many ways far worse Secondly, part of the long-run effect of VAT wlll be to lower the demand -for labor and clearly on the wall in November, 1971. Fed­ than a sales tax, apart from its hidden and eral guidelines were the only way that roll­ clandestine nature. In the first place, the wage incomes; but since unions and the min­ imum wage laws are able to keep wage rates lions of citizens in this country could get VAT advocates claim that since each firm and fair and equitable protection against auto stage of production will pay in proportion to up indefinitely, the impact will be a rise in unemployment. Thus, from two separate and accident losses. its "value added" to production, there will _And if it was clear last November, it is ten be no misallocation effects along the way. compounding directions, VAT wlli aggravate an already serious unemployment problem. trmes as clear today. With a handful of nota­ But this ignores the fact that every busi­ ble exceptions, state legislatures have made ness firm will be burdened by the cost of Hence, the American public will pay a high price indeed for the clandestine nature !ittle or no progress toward passage of genu­ innumerable record-keeping and collection me no-fault laws. for the government. The result will be an · of the VAT. We will be mulcted of a large and increasing amount of funds, extracted Many insurance companies, consumer inexorable push of the business system to­ groups, Congress, President Nixon, and others ward "vertical mergers" and the reduction of in a. hidden but no less burdensome manner just at a time when the government seemed had nurtured a hope that auto insurance re­ competition. form would make great strides in 1972. We Suppose, for example, that a crude oil pro­ to have reached the limit of the tax burden hoped the advantages would be so com­ ducer adds the value of $1,000, and that an that the people will allow. It will be funds pelling that we would see a succession of oll refiner adds another $1,000, and suppose that will aggravate the burdens on the al­ states voluntarlly embrance this solution to for simplicity that the VAT is 10 per cent. ready long-suffering average m.lddle-cla.ss the injustices and high costs of the present Theoretically, it should make no di1ference American. And to top it off, the VAT w111 auto accident reparations system. if the firms are separate or "integrated"; in cripple profits, injure competition, small But clearly this has not happened; and the former case, each firm would pay $100 to business and new creative firms, raise prices, there is little chance that it will happen the government; in the latter, the integrated and greatly aggravate unemployment. It will without more Federal stimulus. firm would pay $200. But since this com­ pit consumers against business, and intensify Several months ago, Transportation Sec­ forting theory ignores the substantial costs confiicts within society. retary John Volpe said in a letter to Chair• January 22, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1781 ma.in Warren G. Magnuson of the Senate based on improved claim experience since on­ a highly technical, mobile society. It should Commerce Committee (quote) "in all candor, fault became law. impose certain minimum standards for those of us who would !ike to see the states In my own state of Connecticut, which legislation which leave the states discre­ do this job themselves can hardly be heart­ begins a modified no-fault plan January 1, we tion for even stronger laws 1f they want ened by their actions to date this year." are seeing a sharp increase in advertising for them. Regulation and enforcement should Making this same point, the Commerce auto insurance. It has been years since in­ remain at the state level. Committee noted recently that New York, surers and agents aggressively competed for Even though state initiatives thus far our second most populous state, has failed auto insurance business. This heightened have been rather :feeble, many who favor twice to pass a no-fault law. And this hap­ competition is giving the consumer many federal guidelines are worried about their pened even though all the factors that nor­ more opportunities to choose an insurer ••• psychological effect. mally make for legislative success were pres­ and at competitive prices as well. If California produces a reasonably good ent. But a look at total state activity to date law, and Pennsylvania gets one, if the Michi­ Governor Rockefeller has been an enthusi­ makes it clear that we must have minimum gan and Connecticut laws withstand legal astic advocate of no-fault and his party con­ federal standards. Virginia is a perfect challenges, Congress and the administration trolled both houses of the legislature. example of a state where the opponents of may be lulled into complacency. They may "Furthermore," says the Commerce Com­ no-fault have had a stranglehold on the legis­ conclude that we don't need federal legisla­ mittee, "this state has a history of enacting lative process. We have seen several bills here tion to spur further action. mnovatlve legislation. Despite all this, no­ in the past year which fall tragically short of I hope I've made it clear today that fed­ fault has been defeated in two successive leg­ real reform for Virginia motorists. eral legislation must do much more than islative sessions in New York in what Gov­ And we can point to other states which just spur the states to action. It must guar­ ernor Rockefeller has termed 'shocking evi­ have passed so-called no-fault auto insurance antee minimum standards for every single dence of minorities imposing their will on laws which do not significantly reduce the motorist in this nation. the majority through pressure, personal at­ enormous costs and hardships of the liability It will be up to all of us to make this tacks and threats of political retaliation in system. very clear both to Congress and to the an election year.' " Among the five states which have what White House. We must identify both our To add insult to injury, we have seen the we consider to be authentic no-fault laws supporters and our opposition and develop appearance in recent weeks of an absurdly today, four of them fall far short of standards a winning strategy accordingly. transparent bill, sponsored by the New York recommended by the U.S. Department of We understand that a new bill will be Trial Lawyers Association, which masquer­ Transportation in March, 1971. introduced next year with several improve­ ades as a no-fault measure. If this bill were Connecticut and Florida, for instance, put ments. Hopefully, extraneous regulatory passed, it would betray the consumers and a $5,000 limit on the medical costs and wage provisions which concerned many people in entrench the obsolete liability system tor losses which an accident victim can collect and outside o:f Congress this year will be still more years. And this, of course, would under no-fault, that is, from his own insur­ excluded. perpetuate the enormously high legal costs ance company Without having to prove who One particular feature we objected to was and delays in claim settlements which plague was at fault. the requirement for huge quantities of pric­ accident victims today. The Magnuson-Hart bill this year would ing and accident statistics, which we know Despite all the bad news, however, we've have provided a $75,000 no-fault recovery of from experience would not provide useful seen some encouraging signs this year. Even medical costs and $25,000 for wage losses. or meaningful comparisons. though the Magnuson-Hart bill, which the The Department of Transportation recom­ Many members of the American Insurance Aetna and a number of other companies mended unlimited recovery of medical costs. Association worked hard for the Magnuson­ :favored, was pigeonholed in the Senate Judi­ It proposed $36,000 for wage losses-much Hart bill this year, but at the same time ciary Committee, the vote to put it there was stronger standards than most states have realized that these and some other features extremely close---49 to 46. adopted. went far beyond the needs for effective In my office I have received many letters Some trial lawyers who concede the need state regulation. from both Republican and Democratic sena­ for low limit no-fault insurance argue that Whatever measure is proposed it: 1973, tors who voted against that pigeonholing this is where the greatest cost of litigation however, even 1f it is substantially the same action. They shared our view that the occurs. The thousands of nuisance cases bill we had this year, we must keep always Magnuson-Hart bill-while not being perfect which clutter up the courts are what ac­ in mind the growing impatience of con­ by any means-was a vital piece of consumer count for the greatest impact on insurance sumers. legislation. premiums, they argue. We must not let our pet notions or fears That defeat this year was disappointing We know from long experience, however, that the liability system ha$ brought ex.; dominate our evaluation of federal legisla­ to be sure, but the fact that the vote was so tion. We need federal minimum standards. If close should inspire us to put on more treme suffering to victims of serious, more, they aren't perfect, we must be prepared to steam than ever to show Congress that a b1ll costly accidents. If a man has an injured come back to Congress in succeeding years With realistic federal guidelines must become back and can't afford the medical treatment and rehabilitation services he needs, his to call for improvements. This should not law as soon as possible. be an impossible task 1f we keep before physical suffering and financial losses Will We also had good news only last month in us the best interests of the consumers as Michigan where the legislature passed the be compounded. And yet, under the liability system, he might have to wait months or well as our own interests. strongest no-fault bill in the nation to date. In 1973, let's not get caught in the same I understand there is still hope that the years before fault can be fixed, enabling him to get any reimbursement for his losses. trap of bad publicity we experienced this Pennsylvania legislature will have a change summer. On August 7 this year, UPI pub­ of heart and pass an acceptable law in the And as the Department of Transportation lished a story which said "the nation's trial next few months. And the climate for no­ has emphasized, there's a better than even lawyers, insurance companies ana the White fault is improving in California. chance that he won't get any reimbursement House are still applying enormous pressure In our own industry, some of the most at all. DOT revealed that 55 percent of seriously injured accident victims recover to prevent a no-fault automobile insurance vigorous opponents are revising their opin­ bill from becoming law." ions of no-fault. The New York Times none of their losses under the liab1lity sys­ Regrettably, this story and many other ac­ reported in October that State Farm Mutual tem. counts of Senate action on this measure Auto Insurance Company, the largest auto If we fail to have minimum standards for all states, we will end up with 50 Widely failed to mention many insurance companies insurance writer in the nation, is now sup­ vigorously supported the bill. porting several no-fault bills. varying statutes which are bound to cost in­ These companies, including Little Aetna, At the same time that we see this legis­ surers and the states more to administer. This will put greater upward pressure on pre­ were painted with the same broad brush of tive progress, the evidence of success con­ negative publicity-publicity which cast our tinues to mount in those states which were miums. It makes little sense to replace one whole industry in the role of opposing one of early birds in enacting authentic no-fault obsolete reparations system With a compli­ the most important pieces of consumer legis­ legislation. cated hodge-podge filled With new inequi­ lation in this century. In Massachusetts, where the first state no­ ties for the nation's motorists. This is a painful price to pay in an era fault law was passed in 1970, it is estimated This doesn't mean that the states should when consumer watchdog groups, anti­ that motorists would be paying at least 40 not have the right to compoSe their own laws. business forces, and others are leaping at percent more on premiums for that state's And it doesn't mean that they shouldn't be every evidence of insensitivity to the public compulsory insurance today 1f no-fault had able to make them even stronger than mini­ mum federal standards, if they wish. welfare. not been implemented. It is only fair to state that some compa­ From Florida we learn that the difficulty But it does mean that we will betray the nies, which have been strong supporters of which motorists were having in buying auto motoring consumer if we permit his state to no-fault, opposed Magnuson-Hart because of insurance has eased significantly. have a weak, ineffectual insurance law while some of its unattractive features. I would Voluntary writings are increasing and as­ motorists in another state get a much better hope that an improved bill wm satisfy them signments to the state pool have dropped. deal because of a more enlightened state in 1973. Just this month, Florida Insurance Commis­ government. And from those companies which oppose sioner Thomas D. O'Malley has requested I think we have here a perfect example auto insurance reform we stm hear moralis­ companies to reduce premiums by 11 percent, of the role of the federal government in tic pronouncements about the tort system. CXIX--113-Part 2 1782 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS Janua?"Y 22, 1973 If a man is responsible for an accident, they nightmare for years. Tangible losses in med­ We should intensify our campaign in say, he should reap the seed of his misdeed. ical costs, wages and property have been easy Washington and we should urge the general This may mean higher insurance premiums enough for actuaries to calculate, but the public to demand action from their Congres­ next year, or, even worse, his insurer may variables implicit in hundreds of thousands sional members. refuse to renew his policy. In any case, jus­ of auto liab111ty suits have made it difficult Our industry has an opportunity here to tice has supposedly triumphed, with the and frequently impossible to project results side with the angels--or at least the con­ guilty party paying a penalty. accurately. sumers who indeed are angels-and at the It sounds great in theory; but the tragedy One case might be settled very reasonably same time create a healthier climate for our comes when innocent parties in the accident, for $500, while a very similar case in another business. Thank you. people who may be seriously injured, also legal jurisdiction might command a settle­ get penalized severely. They may face months ment of $5,000. The high costs of legal fees, of delay and uncertainty in recovering their claim investigations, court costs and admin­ losses. istrative costs have sent premiums spiraling. And of course there's the whole compli­ This has angered the public and has caused CAPTIVE AND SUBMERGED UKRAIN­ cated problem of determining who's at fault state insurance regulators to force companies IAN SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLIC in the first place. That question alone keeps 'to curtail premiums, often to the point of in constant doubt the outcome of thousands wiping out profit margins. of auto liability suits. · Under a strong no-fault system we would HON. ELLA T. GRASSO These are problems which have hit the be able to predict accident experience with consumers hard, problems which have tar­ greater accuracy. The huge question marks OF CONNECTICUT nished the image of our whole industry. But which surround the tort system would be IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES there is no need for this. Most of the com­ eliminated. And that, quite honestly, would Monday, January 22, 1973 panies opposing no-fault are well-managed improve our chances of making a reasonable organizations; and there is no reason why we profit each year instead of fluctuating wildly Mrs. GRASSO. Mr. Speaker, the all can't prosper under effective no-fault leg­ into the red or black from one year to the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, is a islation. State Farm, which used to be an next. captive and submerged nation, despite outspoken no-fault opponent, apparently is Auto insurance has been an ailing indus­ the trappings of "independence and sov­ coming to this conclusion. try for years. No-fault would restore it to Winning converts to no-fault is indeed a. good health; and only a healthy industry ereignty." slow-moving task. We d,on't have time to adds strength to the social and economic While the Ukraine is a charter mem­ wait for all the doubting Thoma.ses and fabric of our nation. ber of the United Nations and maintains fence-sitters to get on the bandwagon. In This does not mean that insurance com­ a permanent mission in this interna­ 1973, those of us who are bona fid~ no-fault panies can expect a. bonanza. from no-fault. tional body as a sovereign republic, it advocates must not nitpick on a federal law. The trial lawyers would have us belleve that has no separate army, foreign policy, Congress, of course, is only the first hurdle when we are free of the high cost of the tort financial or economic policy. With a to our efforts. system, our profit margins wlll skyrocket. Beyond that point, we may still have to But what they forget is that our compa- puppet government imposed upon the convince the Administration that this legis­ . nies are tightly regulated by state insurance Ukrainian people by the Russian Com­ lation is essential. We are told that the Ad­ commissioners. In Massachusetts right now, munists, the Ukraine today end~·es the ~nistra.tion opposed Magnuson-Hart be­ we are trylng hard to gain the legal right to painful status of a colonial dependency cause it wanted to leave the initiative to the earn a maximum of 6 percent on the com­ of the Soviet Union. states. We do, however, have reason to belleve pulsory portion of auto insurance in that On this date 55 years ago, the Ukrain­ that the Administration is growing increas­ state. This does not mean we'd be guaranteed ian people were free from the foreign ingly Impatient. The Wall Street Journal said 5 percent. It only means we'd be able to keep subjugation they now experience. Janu­ in August: "The Nixon Administration is that much if we earned it. prodding the states in various ways to take Presently, we are allowed to make only one ary 22, 1918, independence was pro­ strong no-fault action of their own by next percent profit on this business in Massachu­ claimed in Kiev, the capital of the April or else face federal legislation." setts. The compulsory coverage, incidentally, Ukraine. Finally free from the tradi· We hope the Journal's information is cor­ is that portion which includes no-fault. tional domination of Czarist Russia, the rect. We are also encouraged by the creation I might add that the trial lawyers, who are brave patriots of this struggling new na· of a Uniform Motor Vehicles Accident Repara­ desperately struggling to hold onto their tort tion zealously exercised their all too brief tions Act. This model for state legislation was game preserve, are not subject to the tight moment of personal and political free­ developed with the encouragement and finan­ state regulation which controls insurance cial backing of the Nixon Administration. rates, nor are most lawyers subject to con­ dom. Tragically, the Bolshe,riks invaded It is an excellent measure which would trols by the Price Board or Pay Board. Ukraine in 1920, and after a bitter strug· render ample protection to motorists of any Ladies and gentlemen, the election is over. gle, the country succumbed to Commu­ state where it became law. All the anxieties and caution which under­ nist tyranny. Many months of exhaustive study went standably infect government officials at elec­ No people has suffered more froni into the creation of this model no-fault bill, tion time have subsided. This should provide ruthless oppression and persecution un­ prepared by the National Conference of Com­ a much better climate to achieve automobile der the Soviet heel than the freedom­ missioners of Uniform State Laws. The com­ insurance reform in 1973. loving people of the Ukraine. Despite the mittee which composed it included lawyers, We have moved beyond the question of judges, academicians and other accomplished whether no-fault is a good idea.. The evi­ pain and suffering and sacrifice, these figures. dence--for anyone who bothers to look at courageous people maintain a deep pas­ If that model bill were voluntarily adopted it-makes it overwhelmingly clear that the sion· for freedom and a hearty spirit in its present form in all 50 states, we would consumer gets a much better deal under no­ which gives strength to their quest to have an excellent national system. fault. regain national sovereignty. With fierce Clearly, however, it is unrealistic to expect And this makes it increasingly difficult to determination and inspiring bravery, that the states will take this initiative no forgive or tolerate those special interests in matter how fine the model bill may be. And many citizens now living in the Ukraine this country who are blocking the path of express strong nationalistic sentiments if we nurture such an Ulusion, the biggest effective auto insurance reform. losers wlll be the consumers. The grip which these interests have on at the fearful risk of arrest and impris­ I don't for a moment want to suggest that state legislatures leaves us no alternatives onment. the National Conference wasted its energy but to move quickly for action in Washing­ Ukrainians throughout the world cher­ and talents. In fact, I would urge that this ton. We need federal legislation with real­ ish the dream of future liberty in their model bill become the basis for a federal istic minimum standards. homeland. Ukrainian immigrants and minimum standards act. Either this ap­ And we need it now-not in two years or proach, or a new bill similar to Magnuson­ their descendants in the United States, Hart, would get the kind of action millions of five years but now. Its immediate impact will whose energy, inspiration and dedication consumers are waiting for in the state legis­ be to save Americans hundreds of millions have strengthened democracy in our own latures. of dollars and untold suffering. land, offer prayers and hopes for the fu­ Incidentally, those of us in the industry We cannot leave this job to lawyer-domi­ nated state legislatures. And even if we could, ture of the Ukraine. who favor no-fault are sometimes chided for we would face a hodge-podge of state insur· On this day, an anniversary of free­ talking so much about consumer interests, dom however brief, it is my special priv­ and neglecting to mention that no-fault will ance plans if they are not guided by federal be extremely good for business. Let me assure standards. ilege to pay tribute to Ukrainian-Amer­ you that we do indeed like the business The federal bill may not be perfect, but if icans and to the people of the Ukraine advantages of no-fault. it's as close as Magnuson-Hart was this year, who are a soW'ce of inspiration to all of Auto insurance haB been an actuarial we should seize it and make it law. us. January 22, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1783 THE SOVIET "EDUCATION FEll;" which imposes more than a nominal emi­ They have added another chapter to gration fee. that great and diverse volume of our If the Union of Soviet Socialist Re­ American heritage and culture. HON. DONALD G. BROTZMAN publics continues to refuse to grant its I am honored and grateful to be given Or COLORADO people their basic human rights, the this chance to speak in behalf of Ukrain­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Congress may be left little choice but to ians, both the free and the captive, in deny most-favored-nation status to the wishing them a happy 55th .anniversary Monday, January 22, 1973 Soviet Government. This, of course, of the Ukraine's independence. Mr. BROTZMAN. Mr. Speaker, I am would have drastic effects on the cur­ I know my colleagues will join me in today introducing legislation which seeks rent successfully developing trade rela­ saluting these brave and proud people. to cause the Soviet Union to allow emi­ tions between our two countries. Yet, I gration for those citizens who wish to feel that relations between our two coun­ leave that country. tries must be based on mutual trust and For the last several months Soviet good faith. LAST LIFTOFF officials have required prohibitive edu­ Mr. Speaker, this is a problem critical cation fees from those who wish to emi­ to the development of truly normal and grate to the free world. These fees run prosperous relations with the Soviet HON. OLIN E. TEAGUE from $5,000 to $30,000 in cash. Even most Union. It should be resolved before any OF TEXAS well-educated individuals in the United such relations are established. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES States could not afford to raise that With introduction of this legislation Monday, January 22, 1973 much money at one time. on the :tloor of the House today, I am Furthermore, the Soviet Government calling on each and every Member of Mr. TEAGUE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, has decided to impose these fees in a Congress to dedicate himself to seek a recent editorial by Mr. Robert Hotz in completely irrational and arbitrary a speedY and equitable solution to this Aviation Week, written following the manner, causing the brunt of the bur­ one remaining roadblock to sound trade launch of Apollo 17 highlights the im­ den to fall on the Soviet Jew. These relations between the people of the portance of the Apollo program and its people, oppressed in their own homeland, Soviet Union and the United States. contributions to our country and to the are thus also denied their God-given I ask that my resolution be expediti­ world. As this editorial so aptly states the right to seek a better life elsewhere. ously reported to the :tloor of the House programs to follow-both the Skylab My resolution, if enacted, would deal and be given the judicious consideration and the Space Shuttle, as well as the with this situation on two levels. First, it most assuredly deserves. planetary probes in the mid and late it calls on the President of the United 1970's-can continue to add to the store States to do everything in his power to of new technology needed by this coun­ cause the Soviet officials to change these try. On this day when the Congress is discriminatory policies. This legislation UKRAINIAN INDEPENDENCE DAY welcoming back the Apollo 17 astronauts suggests several general avenues the from their outstandingly successful lunar President may want to explore further HON. WILLIAM R. COTTER mission, we should consider the need to to accomplish this end. assure adequate funding for our national Specifically, the measures mentioned OF CONNECTICUT space e1forts so vital to our economic IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES under this category in my resolution in­ well-being and national security. The clude an extensive diplomatic otrensive. Monday, January 22, 1973 editorial follows: THE LAsT LIFToFF It calls on the President to make use of Mr. COTTER. Mr. Speaker, yesterday all diplomatic channels between the marked the 55th anniversary of the (By Robert Hotz) White House and the Kremlin, both for­ Ukraine's independence. On January 22, With the spectacular night launch of mal and informal, to discuss this prob­ 1918, the Ukraine became a free and in­ Apollo 17, the last men likely to scuff their lem with Soviet officials. It also suggests dependent nation, only to have its young boots in lunar dust during this century began taking the matter up in the appropriate their long, lonely journey through cislunar liberty crushed by Soviet Russia in 1920, space. The splash down of Apollo 17 in the forum in the United Nations, since that 2 short years later. Today, 47 million Pacific next week will put a period to the body has already accepted emigration Ukrainians are living under Soviet rule, first chapter of man's effort to escape the as one of man's universal human rights. even though they do ·not consider them­ environment of his own planet and explore Another suggestion would be to make use selves Russians. And so today, while we the universe. It marks the end of a tremen­ of the U.S. Information Agency in a celebrate the independence of the dous decade of progress in manned space worldwide program to focus interna­ :flight, beginning with the first tentative Ukraine, we also mourn for 53 years of ventures of Vostok and Mercury when man tional attention on the Soviet's refusal captivity under Soviet rule. to honor its citizens' right to emigrate. was little more than a sardine well-packed Those who are free always carry the in an orbital can and simple survival was Finally, this legislation would direct the burden of those who are not, for one is the principal mission goal. Gemini and Soyuz President to convey to the Soviet Gov­ not free until all are. As Americans, provided the first evidence that man could ernment the concern with which the whether we be of Ukrainian descent or work as well as survive in space. Apollo American Congress views this matter. not, we have been given the responsibil­ was the first true spacecraft in which man It Js my belief that Congress must ity, the moral duty, of speaking out in voyaged successfully beyond the limit s of his thoroughly reevaluate the desirablity of behalf of those seeking freedom and na­ planet earth. further conciliatory accords between the We believe there can be little doubt that tional independence. the six Apollo missions that put men on the Soviet Union and the United States. Mr. Speaker, this should be a day of surface of the moon and brought them back Such actions on the part of the Soviet remembrance. We must remember how safely mark an historic watershed in the Union are directly in contravention of the Soviet Union annexed this young annals of man. These Apollo voyages to the rights held basic to America's historical nation without her consent. We must re­ moon were without question the boldest , development and social conscience. member Stalin and the cruelties he be­ most imaginative and technically complex The second level from which the Con­ stowed upon these people 40 years ago achievements of man and, as such, added a gress must approach this situation in­ dimension to the human spirit that cannot when in 1933 he created a famine and be fully measured for decades. volves powers which it alone can exer­ starved 15 million Ukrainians to their When the Apollo 17 ast ronauts return next cise. My resolution puts the rest of the deaths. We must remember that even week there will have been 12 men who will world on notice that the Congress of the today, as the President speaks of de­ have spent a total of 296 hr. exploring the United States shall henceforth reserve tente with Russia, the Soviets are en­ lunar surface in six radically different areas. the right to withhold final action on gaged in a campaign of mass arrests and They will have mined more than 800 lb. of lunar rocks and left permanent instrumenta­ legislation to extend trade preferences cultural repression in the Ukraine. tion on the moon to transmit continuing to any nation which continues to deny or But we also must remember the great technical data to earth. restrict the rights of its citizens to emi­ contributions which Ukrainian-Ameri­ The thousands of pictures taken on the grate to the countries of their choice, or cans have made to the United States. moon and from the orbiting command mod- 1784 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS Janua'ry 22, 1973 ules, plus the data recorded from a wide 1n hopes of eventually solving all its the result of discussions with educational variety of scientific experiments, will provide mysteries. officials in all 50 States. Forty-eight spe­ grist for the scientists' mills for years. cial education departments have re­ REAL VALUES FOR MANKIND sponded to my proposal and have sup­ Fantastic as this achievement may be, it DREAM OF FREEDOM NEVER plied me with suggestions that I have in­ is only a fraction of the real values Apollo FORGOTTEN corporated into the measure. has provided for mankind. Although Apollo was a star-spangled United States achieve­ Briefly, the bill: ment nurtured by resurgent nationalism, its HON. LESTER L. WOLFF First, is fashioned to be administered achievements and benefits are not confined to OF NEW YORK in accordance with rules and regulations these 50 states but are shared by all mankind. of local educational agencies· Thanks to stttellite communications and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Second, gives preference for tutorial major advances in television and other com­ Monday, January 22, 1973 posts to disabled veterans and other munications techniques, virtually the whole Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Speaker, today handicapped individuals whenever possi­ world saw the Apollo missions in real time ble; from lift-off at Cape Kennedy to the interiors marks the 55th anniversary of the inde­ of the spacecraft in flight and the explora­ pendence of the Ukraine and is be­ Third, stipulates that compensation to tions on the lunar surface. ing celebrated by over 2 million Ameri­ the students must not be below the mini­ The real benefits of the Apollo program cans of Ukrainian descent. mum wage level; would take more space to list than is avail­ Unfortllllately, the independence Fourth, specmes that funds llllder the able here. But among the most important, we which I join with them in celebrating program must not be used to establish think, are: was short lived. However, the dream of a permanent, segregated system of edu­ Development of new technology faster and cation for the handicapped but rather on a far broader front than is generally freedom has never been forgotten by the realized. The spearhead technology spawned 47 million Ukrainians who still yearn must be utilized in a manner calculated during the Apollo program is not just con­ for the freedom once again to become ~ a:ssu;e t~eir speedy and complete as­ fined to aerospace but has spilled over into their reality. s1~at1o~ mto the educational system; other broader areas such as medicine, com­ I am privileged to be able to ·join Fifth. mcorporates a maintenance of munications and education. with many of my colleagues today to re­ effort provision; Creation of a cooperative blend of engi­ new our dedication to the task o! bring­ Sixth, has an application procedure neering scientific effort that appears to have which takes into account the varying begun bridging a divisive gulf and providing ing freedom to the Ukraine and to all a pattern for more fruitful future work. The the other captive nations of the world. needs of the States. earlier scientific criticism of manned space Without freedom for all, we can never . I am grateful to my colleagues for the flight in general and Apollo in particular hope to establish a durable world peace. mterest and support they have shown subsided with the demonstration on each Along with freedom-loving people and sincerely hope that this body will successive mission of the vast scientific ex­ everywhere, I hope that those who strug­ fin.d the ti~e in this Congress to act on ploratory opportunities provided by the engi­ gle to overthrow tyranny, as we here in this badly needed measure. neering development of space flight hard­ . For.the information of Members. I am ware. Apollo 17, with its first scientist-astro­ our own colllltry did almost 200 years naut crewmember, foreshadows the increas­ ago, will soon triumph so that next year•s msertmg here the full list of cosponsors ing opportunity for scientists to work in celebration of Ukrainian independence alphabetized by States. Interested State space as Skylab and the space shuttle provide will be a celebration of fact and not ~ducational officials have already been sufficient capacity for non-fiightcrew special­ just memory. Informed of my intention to reintroduce ists. this measure and they will also receive Creation of a management capacity in both a copy of the cosponsor list. government and industry for marshaling vast resources to focus on a specific goal to LIST OF COSPONSORS achieve results within a limited time. Hope­ AMENDMENT TO THE EDUCATION ALABAMA fully, these techniques can be applied to OF THE HANDICAPPED ACT Hon. John Buchanan, Hon. Bill Nichols. other complex problems facing modern so­ ARKANSAS ciety if the political will to do it and public support can be generated. HON. HERMAN BADILLO Hon. Bill Alexander. CURIOSITY WHETTED OF NEW YORK CALIFORNIA It is also useful to recall that the triumph IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Hon. George E. Brown, Jr., Hon. Yvonne of Apollo II, first manned landing on the Braithwaite Burke, Hon. Phlllip Burton, Hon. moon, came as the climax to a decade of U.S. Mo'f!-day, January 22, 1973 James C. Corman, Hon. George E. Danielson; technical recovery. It dispelled the fears of Mr. BADn.LO. Mr. Speaker. I am very Hon. Don Edwards, Hon. Augustus F. Haw­ the "fiat fifties" that the Soviet Union had pleased to introduce again, on behalf of kins, Hon. Robert L. Leggett, Hon. William s. truly taken the lead in spearhead military myself and 87 other Members of the Mallliard, Hon. Jerry L. Pettis, Hon. Thomas and space technology and really represented House a.n amendment to the Education of M. Rees; Hon. Edward R. Roybal, Hon. the wave of the future. The demonstration Jerome R. Waldie. of U.S. purpose and capability in this decade­ the Handicapped Act which will provide long, sustained drive to overcome the Soviets' tutorial and related instructional services FLORIDA pioneering lead is a lesson that impressed the for homebound children through the em­ Hon. Charles E. Bennett, Hon. William rest of the world perhaps even more than the ployment of qualified college students. Lehman, Hon. Claude Pepper. citizens who paid the bill. Approximately 1 million youngsters in GEORGIA The month of July, 1969, when Nell Arm­ our Nation fall into the category of Hon. Ben. B. Blackburn. strong took his "one small step for man ... " and a "giant leal? for mankind" on homebound handicapped. These children, GUAM the fuzzy television screens around the world, for varying lengths of time, are unable Hon. Antonio Borja Won Pat. As provided perhaps one of the greatest soarings to attend school. a consequence, they HAWAII of the human spirit since the relief over end­ suffer academically and emotionally. A Hon. Spark M. Matsunaga. ing of World War 2. The Apollo program considerable portion of those who are proved what man can really do when he sets eventually enrolled into regular classes IDAHO his mind to a goal. The exploration of space experience all the difficulties of children Hon. Orval Hansen. will continue beyond Apollo and become a coming from deprived backgrounds­ ILLINOIS permanent part of man's curious quest for poor social adjustment. academic diffi­ Hon. Kenneth J. Gray, Hon. Ralph H. Met­ more knowledge of himself and his universe. calfe, Hon. Melvin Price. The trend of space exploration will shift culties, emotional problems. from the cold pale distance to the moon to Opportunities for these youngsters INDIANA the nearer environment of earth-orbital vary widely across ow· Nation. Some Hon. Ray J. Madden. activity. localities provide 5 or more how·s of KENTUCKY Although it is unlikely that man will go home instruction a week. Others, pri­ Hon. John Breckinridge, Hon. Tim Lee Car­ back to the moon again in this century, his curiosity has been whetted by Apollo. It will marily because of a lack of funds, are ter, Hon. Romano L. Mazzoli. not be satiated until he goes back and tho­ unable to even assess the extent of the MARYLAND roughly explores this forbidding terrain. Each need or fw·nish an accurate :figure of this Hon. Gilbert Gude, Hon. Lawrence J. night after-Apollo ends, the moon will shine segment of their handicapped population. Hogan, Hon. Clarence D. Long, Hon. Parren as a distant enigma that will lure man back The measure I am introducing today is J. Mitchell, Hon. PaulS. Sarbanes. January 22, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1785

MASSACHUSETTS had a marvelous understanding of peo­ successor as president of the Springfl~ld Hon. Robert F. Drinan, Hon. Michael Har­ ple and their problems-government and Television Broadcasting Corp. rington, Hon. John Moakley, Hon. Gerry E. its complexities-business and its re­ Anyone who ever had the privilege of Studds. sponsibilities. knowing Roger L. Putnam shares the :MICHIGAN His life, interests, and activities de­ sentiment and feeling so beautifully ex­ Hon. John Conyers, Hon. James G. O'Hara. serve to be highlighted in the permanent pressed by Roger Putnam's son, William MISSOURI history of the United States as reflected L. Putnam in the following: Hon. William Clay, Hon. James W. Syming­ in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. As one Of (Special report: Station WWLP-TV, Channel ton. the many who benefited from his advice 22, presented by William L. Putnam, presi­ NEW HA114PSHmE and counsel, I deem it an honor to do so dent, Springfield Television Broadcasting Hon. James C. Cleveland. in these remarks. Corp.] NEW JERSEY Roger L. Putnam was born December ROGER L. PUTNAM: 1893-1972 Hon. Dominick V. Daniels, Hon. Henry Hel­ 19, 1893, into one of MaSsachusetts' Had he lived, today would have marked the stoski, Hon. Matthew J. Rinaldo, Hon. Rob· greatest and most distinguished fami­ start of my father's 80th year. Since I often ert A. Roe, Hon. Peter W. Rodino, Hon. Frank plan these statements well in advance, I had lies. He graduated magna cum laude already planned to comment on this occasion, Thompson, Jr. from Harvard University in 1915. He NEW YORK some months ago. In fact, I had even picked studied at the Massachusetts Institute of out pretty much what I would say. Though Hon. Bella Abzug, Hon. Joseph P. Addabbo, Technology. In World War I, he enlisted he is now gone, the heritage he has left to Hon. Herman Badillo, Hon. Frank P. Brasco, as a seaman in the U.S. Navy and was his friends, family and the community he Hon. Jonathan B. Bingham, Hon Shirley discharged as a lieutenant. Roger Put­ served so long and so wen, remains even Chisholm, Hon. Elizabeth Holtzman, Hon. more impressive in his absence. Thus, he Edward Koch, Hon. Bertram L. Podell, Hon. nam's rapid rise and successes in busi­ ness, politics, and community life at­ merits the same respectful attention he Charles B. Rangel, Hon. Benjamin S. Rosen­ would have received if here. thal, Hon. Lester L. Wolff. tested to his remarkable intelligence and Perhaps it is just the pride of a grateful NORTH CAROLINA. industry. son in a dutiful and honorable father; but I Hon. Wilmer Mizell, Hon. Richardson Mr. Putnam served as president and have tried to be detached in my analysis of Preyer, Hon. Roy A. Taylor. chairman of the board of the Package this matter as in all other subjects. Anyhow, Machinery Co., and on the board of 80 years ago Roger Lowell Putnam was born; OHIO and this community was never served more Hon. Lewis Stokes, Hon. Charles A. Vanlk. directors of the Van Norman Machine Co. He was the moving force in organiz­ devotedly by any other man in that time. OREGON Even though, as his son, I should remember Hon. John Dellenback. ing Springfield Television Corp. Station these things, I cannot begin to list the offices WWLP PENNSYLVANIA and served as its :first president. he held, or account for the time he gave to Hon. Willam A. Barrett, Hon. John H. Dent, He was also on the board of directors city, state and nation, as leader and follower; Hon. Joshua Eilberg, Hon. William J. Green, and honorary chairman of the Third Na­ as guide and prophet, in war and peace and Hon. Joseph M. McDade, Hon. Robert N.c. tional Bank of Hampden County. · without ever counting the cost to himself. A constant example of the right and honor­ Nix, Hon. Gus Yatron. Mr. Putnam's public service cut across many facets of local, State, and national able, a man whose respectful friends would RHODE ISLAND form a line the length and breadth of this Bon. Robert 0. Tieman. fields. He was mayor of Springfield for state, my father was a real prince. A man three successive terms, 1937-42, Demo­ SOUTH CAROLINA. whose ab111ties and interests knew no limits, cratic nominee for Governor of Massa­ he could talk geology with me in the moun­ Hon. Mendel J. Davis. chusetts, 1942, Chairman of the U.S. tains and correspond with my brother in TENNESSEE Economic Stabilization Agency, 1951-52, Greek. Internationally known in Astronomy Bon. LaMar Baker, Hon. Richard Fulton. a member of the commission that drafted a man whose honors were legion, he always TEXAS the Massachusetts unemployment laws, showed the path of true humility and un­ derstanding. Hon. Henry B. Gonzalez, Hon. Richard C. 1934, deputy director of the Office Con­ May we, whom his example has touched, be White. tract Settlement, 1944, and a member of ever mindful of his zest for life, his concept vmGINIA the Massachusetts Board of Higher Edu­ of public interest, his devotion to fair play Bon. Joel T. Broyh111, Hon. Thomas H. cation and Massachusetts Board of Com­ and his fond remembrance of friendship. Downing. munity Colleges. VIRGIN ISLANDS Throughout his extremely busy and ac­ Hon. Ron de Lugo. tive public service, Mr. Putnam always WASHINGTON found time to lend his talents and knowl­ AT THE THRESHOLD OF A NEW Bon. Julia Butler Hansen, Hon. Floyd V. edge to local community endeavors: YEAR Hicks, Hon. Mike McCormack. Springfield's Charter Revision Commis­ WEST VIRGINIA sion, Red Cross, Chamber of Commerce, Bon. Ken Hechler. Citizens' Action Committee, Future HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON Springfield, United Fund, Springfield OF MASSACHUSETTS Hospital Medical Center, Dexter Fund, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES chairman of the Board of the Holyoke Monday, January 22. 1973 ROGER L. PUTNAM: 1893-1972 Soldiers' Home, Park Commic::sion, Springfield Library Commission, New Mr. HARRINGTON. Mr. Speaker, we England Council, and Petersham Memo­ are now at the beginning of another year. HON. EDWARD P. BOLAND rial Library. In 1968, President Nixon stated that any­ OF MASSACHUSETTS Mr. Speaker, I have listed many of Mr. one who could not get our country out of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Putman's activities and I am sure that the Vietnam war should not be reelected. Monday, January 22. 1973 the list could be extended. From all of Last Saturday, President Richard M. this, it is easy to recognize that this pass­ Nixon began his second term and fifth Mr. BOLAND. Mr. Speaker, on Novem­ ing has left a void in the community year in the office of President of the ber 24, 1972, when Congress was in sine that he loved and served so well. Fortu­ United States. We are still engaged in die adjow·nment, a very distinguished the bloody conflict in Vietnam. We have citizen of this Nation, the Commonwealth nately, Roger L. Putnam's goals, inter­ been buoyed by the hope of the Paris of Massachusetts, and my congressional ests, and spirit will be carried by his peace talks only to have them become a district, Roger L. Putnam, died. gracious, charming, and devoted wife, disrr.al failure. The bombing has been Roger L. Putnam was a brilliant busi­ Caroline Jenkins Putnam-a remarkable halted only to have it begin again at a ness executive, an outstanding public and truly distinguished person in her stepped-up rate. In. October, the Ni~on servant and a politician in its noblest own right-as well as by their children administration informed us that peace and finest meaning. Few men who ever who have caught the fiavor and fervor was at hand. Last Friday, we were told a lived packed so much activity into a life­ of their parents. Their feelings are settlement was to be reached within a time of concern for so many people and caught up in a moving editorial from week. We have heard those words over in so many endeavors that laced across Television Station WWLP 22 written and and over again. We will believe them his country, State and community. He spoken by Roger L. Putnam's son and when we see the tangible results. We are 1786 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 22, 1973 still in Vietnam, we are still dropping DETERIORATION IN QUALITY OF "At our station here there are some routes bombs. We are told that Vietnamization POSTAL SERVICE that are behind eight trays," explaining that a tray holds 500 letters. "Each day adds an­ is working wonderfully, we have been other one or two trays because they're just withdrawing troops, yet every week many HON. PAUL G. ROGERS not getting it out." of our troops are killed, some of them Asked why the mail situation has seemed just boys. OF FLORmA to deteriorate within the last year, he at­ Mr. Speaker, I have received a poem I IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tributed it to the new postal setup. would like to insert in the REcORD. En­ Monday, January 22. 1973 On July 1, 1971, the 200-year-old Post titled "At the Threshold of a New Year," Office gave way to a new, quasi-governmental Mr. ROGERS. Mr. Speaker, I have re­ U.S. Postal Service, and at the time then it was delivered on December 31, 1972, as cently requested that the Post Office and Postmaster Winston M. Blount asked for the an editorial on WCVB-TV, Boston, by Civil Service Committee and the Gen­ "patience and support of the American pub­ Richard S. Burdick, WCVB vice president eral Accounting Office conduct an in­ lic," saying that an efficient, reliable, mail and general manager, Creative Services. service is five years away. depth investigation of the U.S. Postal It was predicted, however, that upon full Let us hope that 1973 will see peace in Service. In recent days I have received Vietnam: and final implementation of the postal re­ correspondence from every part of the form legislation, there would be, in theory, AT THE THRESHOLD OF A NEW YEAR country describing deterioration in the an independent, self-sustaining and efficient Now, in the fading light quality of mail service in every respect. Postal System. O:t a spent year, In a recent article. Mr. Mitch Blue­ And at the time of the postal reform, the With shadows on the moon American public began paying more and In the shape of man and his technology, menthal of the Sun Sentinel described the condition of mail service in the south getting less, a luxury the U.S. Postal Service Peace is a promise could get away with, since 1t has a monopoly Not a presence. Florida area. in the mail carrying business. The black headlines of white hope I insert the at·ticle in the REcoRD at The Oakland Park mailman said the 11- Have faded from the newspapers of a world this point: man board chosen to head the new postal Resonant with the echoes of a war DETERIORATION IN QUALITY OF POSTAL system "had exactly zero experience at the That leaves more questions than answers SERVICE time of their appointments." And no songs to sing or whistle. "Its rotten," said one disgruntled patron. "The key to the whole mess is the word­ Poised on the cusp of midnight, "It's ridiculous," an overworked mailman ing, 'profit making.' Someone has to pay ... Impatient to pop the corks, commented. the public has to pay," he said. Drink the toasts, sing the songs, ' It's the postal system they're talking He said that at the beginning of 1973 the Kiss, dance, laugh and make merry, about, and it has been causing unprece­ post office was ordered to "get rid of one out Let us look first toward tomorrow. dented handling delays which are beginning of every six employes, even though the mall When the glasses all will have been smashed to bite into the pocketbooks of small and volume has increased by 23 per cent." And the tongues will hang limp large businessmen alike. Holland agreed that there had been a "job freeze ordered to put employment on a proper In a million cathedral bells. A Sun-Sentinel survey of more than 25 level," noting that the "system did not want On that day after businesses in Broward and Palm Beach coun­ And the first of all the days to come, ties revealed that although they don't fault to overemploy" because of the new distribu­ Let us be mindful of a boy named Ted, their friendly neighborhood mailman, some­ tion center planned to go into operation here Prom Lexington. thing is causing about three-day delays in in March. local mail delivery, and much more when He said the new distribution center would Ted will not be rising; dealing with longer distances. be mechanized, so that in the near future He lies forever in several parts "In the last year man delivery has slowed there would be less of a demand for labor, Of a North Vietnam vlllage up quite a bit,'' an employe in the install­ which now accounts for 80 per cent of mail With a name he had trouble pronouncing. ment department of the Southeast Bank of costs. In a blinding second, one obscene morning, Deerfield said. "It's the worst I've seen in But some people, like Rep. Paul G. Rogers, Ted became a part of everyplace. 13 years." D.-Fla., is uncertain of the advantages of Fort Now any football in the air "It's lousy," said Charles Howard of AI­ Lauderdale becoming a major "area mail Is one he might have caught; lled Van Lines, remarking that payments processing center," ane has called for a postal Any slim pair of legs swinging down Mass. from customers have been coming in much investigation. Ave. slower. Rogers sa.id that after talking to postal He might have turned to look after; "I'm busy and don't have time to elaborate, workers, he has concluded the "concept of Any child running with outstretched arms but I can tell you in a single word: it's bringing mail into one center for distribution Might have been his. rotten," one worker at the Sears, Roebuck has resulted in one huge backlog." Spring wlll come and Co. telephone catalog service said. Fort Lauderdale, now processing mail from And the sweet days of summer; The words must often used to sum up their Hallandale, Hollywood, Dania and Pompano There will be cool glasses of beer service was--"lousy, rotten, and much slower, Beach, will handle mail of the West Palm To ease parched throats; terrible." And so it went. Beach area when the new, highly mechanized There will be cracking line drives Confronted with the comments of an irate post office opens in Broward next March. To center field, business community, William Holland, post­ Rogers said postal employes feel there is a And umpires will be terribly wrong. master for the Fort Lauderdale area, staunch­ "much better and more efficient way of han­ The new years will come ly defended mail delivery. dling the mall" than regional distribution And the old years will go. 'I don't think that there has been a slow­ centers. In Lexington and in Vietnam, down in mail delivery,' he said. He said John E. Clements, secretary-treas­ While the boy continues in his long sleep: But despite his failure to see a mail ••slow• urer of a local of the American Postal Work­ down,'' he said the postal system here is ers in Daytona Beach wired his support of an Never to know the ruddy glow of a suntan, .. going through the process of employing 60 Never to taste the mucilage on a postage investigation, charging that "postal service stamp, new employees, but we have to go through has deteriorated in the past two years to the the proper Civil Service procedures." point of disservice." Never to sink his teeth into a steak, And although Holland said he hadn't Never to smell coffee perking or gasoline, Contacted at his Daytona Beach post office, noticed any problems in local or long-dis­ Clements said hurriedly, "I can't talk now. Or the fragrances of a soft body, tance mall delivery, many others dealing Never to know the thrill of a pay raise. I'm in more trouble than you can imagine directly with the postal system, including for what I said." mailmen, sang a different tune. Yes, peace is a promise But what he said was no secret. And birdsong punctuates the drone of bomb­ "They're just playing a catch-up game and losing ground, and in the process they're According to Rogers, he has been .. getting ers in the air above the 20th Parallel. lousing up the game unbelievably," Larry quite a reaction, not only from Florida con­ Peace is a promise Van Dusseldorp, president of the South stituents bu1; from all over the country," and And the sun is warm upon the several parts Broward Mail Users Council, said. he began to read some of the letters over the of a field, beyond an ocean, beyond a Local mailmen were just as critical. telephone. country beyond a Battlegreen, where "It's the worst I've seen in years. We have "Here's one from a lady who mailed a letter a boy named Ted, will never again things piled up that we just can't get to. !rom a 205 address to a 218 address in the throw a frisbee. We have bundles of mail, like income tax same block; it took five months and one day booklets, that are sitting on the fioor. We've to be delivered. So now in the fading light all been working overtime and still can't ..A paycheck mailed in Boca on Dec. 21 got Of a spent year, put a dent in it." to Fort Lauderdale on Jan. 3. That's a pretty At the threshold of a new one, Another mailman, in the Oakland Park rough time to wait for a paycheck. Have one for Ted- section, said they bad "been cautioned not .. . . . Bills to a milkman and butcher de­ Lest auld acquaintance be forgot. to say anything," but decided to anyway. livered three months later.

- January 22, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1787 "And I could go on and on," Rogers said. state that if it is to be done, it will be a flat payment is appropriate for the cost "Christmas compounded the problem, but done by the 1973 Miami Dolphins. To each of us must eventually incur. We it wasn't just Christmas mall," he said. each of them, once again, my congratula­ must make that payment meaningful in "What used to take a. few days is now taking tions for a job not only well done, but terms of today's increased costs. nine or 10." superbly done. My bill, H.R. 275, would provide a flat ------lump-sum death payment of $750 for SUPERBOWL Vll everyone. This would be a meaningful payment in terms of today's prices. SOCIAL SECURITY LUMP-SUM I do hope that the distinguished chair­ HON. J. HERBERT BURKE DEATH BENEFITS man and members of the Committee on OF FLORIDA Ways and Means will see their way to an IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. FRANK ANNUNZIO early report on this bill so that the full House will have an opportunity to work Monday, January 22, 1973 OF ILLINOIS its will. Mr BURKE of Florida. Mr. Speaker, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES I ha~e the pleasure of representing a Monday, January 22, 1973 congressional district in southern Flor­ Mr. ANNUNZIO. Mr. Speaker, on Jan­ PRESERVE AMERICA'S SPmiTUAL ida in what is known, during the foot­ uary 3, I introduced H.R. 275, a. bill_ to HERITAGE ball season, as Miami Dolphins' terri~ry. rectify what I believe to be a glanng m­ I, also, had the pleasure of attending equity in our social security programs­ HON. C. W. BILL YOUNG this year's Superbowl Games between the the limited lump-sum death benefit. Miami Dolphins and the Washington The basic formula for computing this OF FLORIDA Redskins. Since my duties as a Congress­ benefit calls for a payment equal to three IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES man require that I spend a great deal of times a deceased worker's basic monthly Monday, January 22, 1973 time in Washington, I was happy that benefit, but a ceiling which was adopted the Washington Redskins were the Mr. YOUNG of Florida. Mr. Speaker, way back in 1954 has negated the effect our spiritual heritage, which has made Dolphins' opponents. of the formula. Under the law as All athletic events are interesting America the greatest nation in the his­ amended in 1952, the maximum lump­ tory of the world, has been under vigor­ when there is equality among th~ ~on­ sum benefit was $255-three times the testants. The game, witnessed by millions ous attack in recent years. Yet at no highest basic benefit payable. However, time has this Nation•s moral and spiritual of people showed how thoroughly when Congress increased regular bene­ trained and thoroughly determined the fiber needed strengthening more than it fits by 13 percent in 1954, the $255 fi~re players of both teams were. Certainly no does today. was retained as a ceiling on all lump sum For all intents, our Pledge of Allegi­ teams were better coached. Sports re­ benefits. porters will be analyzing the game for ance to the Flag, might as well be rewrit­ This ceiling of $255 has been in effect ten to delete "one Nation under God, and years, but to me the Dolphins were, ~nd for two decades and has prevented lump are a better team than the Redskins. make it "one Nation under the Supreme sum benefits from increasing at the same Court" As you know, the Court in a mis­ Th~y have the speed, passing, blocki~g, pace as regular monthly benefits; since kicking, and running to make them wm­ guided interpretation of our constitu­ 1954 regular monthly benefits have been tional guarantee of freedom of religion, ners. Yet the individual players on both six times for a cumulative in­ sides had quality and ability, and all incr~ased has outlawed prayer and Bible-reading in crease of 96.4 percent. America's schools. pushed themselves to the limits of their There is no doubt that the $255 ceiling powers in the hope that they would To correct this gross injustice, I have has prevented death benefits from keep­ introduced House Joint Resolution 125, achieve victory. Each individually, there­ ing pace with rising funeral costs. Ac­ fore, deserves praise for his efforts. a constitutional amendment to permit cording to the Federated Funeral Direc­ voluntary, nonsectarian prayer and Bi­ The Dolphins are my team, but my tors of America, the average cost of a congratulations go to all the players _on ble reading in our schools and other pub­ standard adult funeral in 1954, the year lic places. This amendment would define both sides and their coaches for provld­ the ceiling was put into law, was $607.21. ing their rooters and fans with a season the freedom of religion clause in the first In 1971 the average cost of a standard amendment so that we might have God's of thr11ls and elation. Their examples adult funeral had risen to $1,088, an in­ of hard work, perseverance, determina­ infinite love revealed, for in learning to crease of over 79 percent. The ceiling, of love Him, we learn to love one another. tion and team effort are respected by all. course, has kept lump-sum amounts from My special congratulations to the America needs this amendment. Our rising with general benefit increases, and, children need it. Each man, woman, and Miami Dolphins and to Don Shula and consequently, the average lump-sum ben­ the other coaches, champions one and child in this Nation has the freedom to efit in 1971 paid only 22.4 percent of the choose a form of religion or choose none all, for giving a little bit more of them­ average standarC:. adult funeral, which selves, and winning Superbowl vn. at all. Nothing in my amendment would compares with the 34 percent paid in abridge that right. It would, however, re­ At no time in the history of profes­ 1954. sional football has a team completed a store the coequal right to voluntarily seek The original idea was that the pay­ the guidance and wisdom of Almighty season undefeated. The Miami Dolphins ment would be related to the amount of did just this by winning their 14 regular God in our classrooms. a worker's monthly retirement benefit. At the start of each daily session, this season games, two playoff games and, As things now stand, though, we have for finally-the Superbowl. House as well as the Senate, our State all practical purposes a fiat rate pay­ legislatures, even our courts, still seek During their undefeated season, they ment; it varies from a minimum of were under great pressure. Each team God's aid in making wise decisions and $253.50 to a maximum of $255. And, in faithfully carrying out our responsibili­ they played wanted the privilege . an~ order to qualify for the maximum, one glory of saying, "We stopped the M1anu ties. needs to have average monthly earnings This is as it should be. America was winning streak." . of only $77; anyone with an average In the American Conference the1r of­ founded by God-fearing men; our de­ monthly wage of $76, or less, has earned mocracy and our way of life are rooted fense defense, and passing records were the minimum lump-sum death payment superb. It is my frank opinion that the in great moral and spiritual princip~es. Dolphins deserve to be called "World of $253.50. I do not see how exposure to these prm­ Champions." It is doubtful if we, in our Mr. Speaker, we must go with the ciples can do anything other than bene­ lifetime, will ever see another team go times. There is nothing wrong with a flat fit everyone, particularly our youngsters. through its entire scheduled league payment to everyone, provided that it is We cannot allow the courts to deny the games undefeated, win its playoff games, a meaningful amount. Since the lump­ privilege of worship to our children. The and then the Superbowl Championship sum death payment was conceived of as future of America will turn not on the as the Miami Dolphins did during the a way to help people meet the expenses question of whether God is on our side, 1972 season. which come about for every man when but rather on whether we are on God's If I were to hazard a guess, I would his appointed time is spent, I believe that side. This Congress owes it to the Ameri- 1788 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 22, 1973 can people to overwhelmingly support a Although my comments will be directed 180 billion cubic feet, about two-thirds of constitutional amendment that reaffirms mainly at the interest of gas consumers in 1990 demand. outer shelf exploration, it must be recog­ To meet this foreseeable gap between the our basic faith in Him. nized that for at least two reasons electric supply of Texas and Louisiana Gas and the and steam consumers also have an important growing demands of their customers, Con stake. Much of the electricity (about 15% ) Edison and Brooklyn Union as well as other and steam (about 10%) consumed by Con gas companies are moving to obtain new THE CONSUMER'S STAKE AND THE Edison customers this year is generated with supplies. Both companies have constructed, PUBLIC'S INTEREST IN EXPLORA­ gas as the fuel. or are constructing, storage facllJties to re· TION FOR NATURAL GAS ON THE Indeed, the city of New York has mandated ceive liquefied natural gas (LNG) from ATLANTIC SHELF gas as the fuel to be burned at our rebuilt foreign sources, Con Edison in Queens and 60th Street steam plant in Manhattan, and Brooklyn Union in Brooklyn. Both expect to has required that we use best efforts to ob­ participate in the LNG storage faclllty being HON. JOHN M. MURPHY tain gas as the fuel for the new 800,000-kw constructed by Distrigas on Staten Island. OF NEW YORX addition to our Astoria electric generating Brooklyn Union is constructing in Queens station in Queens. The more Con Edison a synthetic gas plant using naphtha. Con IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES must pay for gas to generate electricity, the Edison, Brooklyn Union, and other companies Monday~ January 22. 1973 higher the price of electricity must be. are engaged in discussian with pipeline and Perhaps an even larger stake of our electric on companies and with consultants involv­ Mr. MURPHY of New York. Mr. Speak­ and steam customers in offshore drilling is ing the construction of additional synthetic er, interest is mounting in the New York the possiblllty that it may discover, in addi­ gas plants, one or more o:f which may be area, and indeed throughout the Atlantic tion to gas, sizable deposits of on. Presently located on Staten Island. Coast, in the matter of exploration for 82 percent of the electricity we generate is Both Con Edison and Brooklyn Union are natural gas on the Atlantic Shelf. As we fueled by residual oil, all of which comes contributing to research intended to lznprove from abroad. the economics of manufacturing synthetic consider the complex and troublesome The price of this oil has more than doubled gas from coal. Both also are interested, obvi­ questions involved, it is essential that we in the past 3 years, half because of lznprove­ ously, in any new pipeline sources that might have the opinions of all phases of the ment in quality and half because of basic become available, for example, the Canadian energy industry; from conservation and price increases. The outlook is for further Arctic or Alaska. environmental groups; from economists, price increases, which will translate into In dollars and cents, what does this mean planners, and Government officials. In :further steam and electric rate increases. to gas consumers in New York City and an effort to help make these views wide­ A New York Times editorial entitled Westchester County? The key fact is that ly available, I commend to the attention .. Squeezing the Goose," dated October 9, all of these new sources of gas we are seek­ 1972, looked at the future of the on supply ing to fill the gaps caused by the prospective of the House the recent remarks of Dr. situation from a national viewpoint, and shortage of domestic natural gas are vastly Charles F. Luce, chairman of the board concluded: more expensive. In round numbers, we now of Consolidated Edison Co. in New York. "Free world consumption in the next de­ pay 50 cents per thousand cubic feet for Mr. Luce discusses many of the important cade is expected to rise far ahead of pro­ Texas and Louisiana Gas delivered to New questions which must receive close scru­ duction outside the Middle East which still York City distributors. The cost of lznported tiny in the days ahead. contains two-thirds of the world's known Liquefied Natural Gas, or synthetic Gas The address follows: petroleum reserves. For example, three new manufactured from petroleum or from coal, discoveries last year in Saudi Arabia alone delivered at New York City, is estimated at TH~: CoNsuMERs' STAKE AND THE PuBLic IN­ exceed the total finds so far in the vaunted between $1.30 and $1.70 per thousand cubic TEREST IN ExPLORATION FOR NATURAL GAS ON north sea fields. feet. THE ATLANTIC SHEIJ "These trends have particularly serious If, then, we take the $1.50 mid-range esti­ (By Charles F. Luce) implications for the United States which ac­ mate of the cost of the substitutes for nat­ In preparing remarks for today's meeting, counts for one-third of all world consump­ ural gas, we can estlznate that by 1980 the my first thought was to discuss con Edison's tion. Although this country currently lzn­ substitutes could be costing gas customers plans for meeting future electric energy re­ ports only 23 percent of its total require­ in New York City and Westchester $12.0 mil­ quirements of Staten Island. Of the six di­ ments, most of it from areas outside the lion more per year, and by 1990, $180 million visions which compose con Edison, the Staten Middle East, on lznports are expected to rise more per year. These are, of course, only Island division has the fastest rate of electric to 40 to 60 percent of consumption by 1980. ball park figures, but I suspect that if any­ growth, and we are making large investments This would mean increased dependence on thing they are on the low side. in new electric distribution facilities to meet Middle East sources, higher prices for gaso­ How can the exploration of the Atlantic that growth. All of which I thought would be line, home heating fuel and industrial power shelf reduce this large burden of increased of interest to members of the Staten Island and an enormous new drain on the United costs that is in prospect for gas consumers? Chamber of Commerce. States balance of payments. No one can say for sure, because we don't But George Delaney, our able Staten Island "Friendly accommodation with the pro­ know for sure that deposits of gas and oil division vice president, advised me that he ducer states is a prudent step toward meet­ lie beneath the shelf. But the signs are thought you would be even more interested ing this new situation. But it is no substitute encouraging. in the broader subject of where is the energy for the most vigorous efforts to develop ac­ While there has been virtually no drilllng coming from to meet foreseeable needs of the ceptable alternate fuel sources and to con­ to date, the United States Geological Survey entire city in the decades ahead. serve the dimtnishing resources this coun­ and some oil companies have made seismic Tlzne constraints of a luncheon meeting do try now possesses. The squeeze on on has tests which indicate that proper geological not allow comprehensive discussion of this only begun." formations may exist for substantial quan­ much broader subject. In the few minutes But let us return to the narrower focus of tities of oil and gas in three specific off-shore that we do have I will try to sketch for you this paper, which is the interest of the New areas: 1) the outer edges of Georges Bank, the potential of an untapped economical York City consumer in the exploration of the South and East of New England, and 2) the source of energy that may lie closer to our Atlan tic Shelf. Presently, Con Edison, like Baltimore Canyon trough , seaward of St ates city than any prlznary source of energy we Brooklyn Union Gas Company, obtains gas from New J ersey to North C 9.rolina., and 3) now use. I refer, as the title of my remarks for its customers from large pipelines which t he Blake Plateau trough, off the States of indicates, to the possibility that large quan­ tap gas fields In Louisiana and Texas, many Georgia and Florida. The potential gas com­ tities of recoverable oil and gas lie beneath of them in the Gulf of Mexico. Prospects for mittee of the Colorado School of Mines has the Outer Continental Shelf off the east coast increasing pipeline deliveries to meet in­ estlznated the potential of these three Atlan­ of the United States. creasing gas demands are not encouraging. tic off-shore areas to be 30 to 40 trillion cubic Lest this conjure up vision of on and gas In fact, in the past 1% years, the major pipe­ feet of natural gas, and other estimates place drilling platforms surrounding Staten Island line companies have reduced their deliveries petroleum potential as high as 20 billion like a picket fence, let me assure you that the to New York City and other east coast cities barrels and as low as 5 billion barrels. geologic evidence to date indicates that the below existing contract commitments. The The potential production of Atlantic off­ closest oil and gas fields would be 30 miles or prospect seems to be for more of the same. shore gas ranges from 600 billion cubic feet more offshore, out of sight of the United The gas consumers of New York City and to 1 trillion cubic feet per year, with a prob­ States mainland. other cities along the east coast are faced, able price advantage over synthetic gas and My message today wtll be simple: That the then, with the prospect of decreasing sup­ imports ranging from 60 cents to $1.00 per consumer who pays ever-increasing gas and plies of natural gas and increasing demand thousand cubic feet. In estlznating this price electric bllls has a tremendous stake in the for natural gas. Not an encouraging prospect. advantage we have assumed that Atlantic exploration of the Atlantic shelf, and that in By 1980. the gap between traditional supplies shelf gas would cost 70 cents per thousand the broadest sense the public interest--in­ and predictable demand is estlznated to be cubic feet, the midpoint of a probable range cluding the vital need to protect the earth's 120 billion cubic feet in New York City and of 60 to 80 cents per thousand cubic feet environment--may best be served by such ex­ Westchester County-about half of the 1980 compared to 50 cents for Gulf gas delivered ploration. demand. By 1990 this gap is estlznated to be in New York. The total dollar savings then January 22, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1789

amount to somewhere between $360 million of the tanker Torrey Canyon in 1967--some be awarded in less than 1 year. After and $1 billion per year, at current dollars. 700,000 barrels or 70 times more than the leases are awarded, it is reasonable to ex­ We have estimated the likely portion of sav­ Santa. Barbara spill. In fact, since 1957 there pect that exploratory drilling would require ings applicable to the Con Edison service have been only 7 platform spills for a total another 2 to 2Y2 years. And if gas and oil territory at $30 million to $100 mill1on per of 104,748 barrels compared to 39 tanker or then are discovered-a large "if"-it prob­ year, or $1.2 billion to $4 billion cumulatively barge spills totalling 2,137,829 barrels-20 ably could not be made available to con­ over approximately 40 years of production. times as much. The east coast is particularly sumers in less than 4 years. This would be These are not Con Edison savings. vulnerable to oil spills, with more than 75 1980-1982. They are savings that go directly to our percent of the U.S.-bound tankers unload­ All of this suggests the wisdom of the customers through adjustments in the fuel ing between Virginia and Maine. A recent Secretary of the Interior moving rapidly to clause. Coast Guard study showed that spillage set in motion the dec-ision-making pro­ In terms of just two Con Edison facilities­ from U.S. off-shore drllling operations in cedures that could lead to the awarding of the 60th Street steam plant and the 800,000- 1970 was less than Ya of one percent of the leases for exploratory drllling on the Atlan­ kw Astoria No. 6 generating station-the total oil spill from all sources. tic shelf. savings would be significant. As I mentioned We may question, too, the scientific or the And I would hope, and expect, that in earlier, the city has mandated that we burn moral justification for seeking to avoid the reaching his decision the Secretary at an natural gas exclusively at the 60th Street drilling of gas and oil wells in United States early date would call upon the governors of steam plant and requires us to make reason­ waters by shifting the source of production the coastal States, the mayors of the large able effort, including possibly the importation to wells drilled in the waters of other coun­ coastal cities, consumer groups, environmen­ of LNG, to burn natural gas at Astoria 6. tries. Should not our environmental hori­ talists, oil companies and gas companies, and If fueled exclusively on gas, Astoria 6 would zons be global, and not merely regional or all other interested persons, for the best ad­ require 30 billion cubic feet per year. Sup­ national? vice and counsel they can give him in mak­ plied with Atlantic off-shore gas the savings Gasifying coal is another alternative­ ing what could be a critically important de­ over alternative sources could be between $18 one we hope can be made economically fea­ cision for the future prosperity and security million and $30 million per year. The 60th sible rapidly through R&D, for it will make of our city and our Nation. Street steam plant requires 3 Y2 billion cubic usable vast reserves of coal presently un­ In the meantime, and for the foreseeable feet per year. usable because much coal cannot be burned future, I believe we must as a city and a Potential savings with Atlantic off-shore within air pollution standards. But even this nation adopt a strict policy of energy con- gas amount to $2.1 to $3.5 million per year. highly desirable alternative has its environ­ servation. • If we were able to convert our entire steam mental problems: strip mining that scars Whatever decision is eventually made as system to gas fuel, it would require about the landscape, or deep mining with attendant to exploration and development of the At­ 60 billion cubic feet next year and 70 bil­ acid drainage, land subsidence, tailings and lantic shelf, or the development of alterna­ lion cubic feet by 1980. The potential sav­ danger to human lives. tive energy sources, we must as a society seek ings if Atlantic off-shore gas were available There is further environmental impinge­ out and find every possible way to use all would range from $36 million to $70 million ment caused by the process of gasifying coal, forms of energy wisely, and to waste none. per year. namely the disposal of large quantities of The pressures being exerted upon all of waste products. our rates by higher interest, taxes, wages and One environmental objection sometimes construction costs lend emphasis to the need voiced against Atlantic off-shore drilling is UKRAINIAN INDEPENDE:r~CE DAY for exploration of every reasonable means of based on aesthetics. People fear ugly drilling effecting savings in the cost of fuel. rigs just off our beaches, as in the case in And if we raise our consciousness above California, for instance. But all indications HON. MARIO BIAGGI our pocketbooks, and examine the implica­ are that the oil and gas off the Atlantic tions to national security and to the balance coast lle 30 to 300 miles at sea beyond the OF NEW YORK of payments of increasing dependence upon horizon. Also, much of the oil and gas could IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Middle Eastern and other foreign sources of be brought ashore by pipeline, the safest and Monday, January 22, 1973 supply we must, I belleve, agree upon the cleanest method of transportation. Should wisdom of fully exploring the potential of a pipeline be damaged, it quickly can be shut Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, today marks the Atlantic outer Continental Shelf as a off and the damage limited. In fact, there is the 55th anniversary of the proclamation new source of fuel. no record of spills of consequence from un­ of Ukrainian independence. This decla­ Nonetheless, serious objections have been derwater pipelines. ration of freedom was made in Kiev, stated to any exploratory drilling on the Just looking at it from an environmental Atlantic Shelf based upon environmental point of view, the total impact on the en­ capital of Ukraine-on January 22, 1918, considerations. In the legislatures of sev­ vironment may well be considerably less from and exactly 1 year later the act of union eral coastal States, bills have been proposed Atlantic off-shore drilling than from alter­ went into effect--uniting all Ukrainian to prohibit such drilling in off-shore areas native sources of gas and oil. When you add ethnographic lands into one independ­ where the States have or claim jurisdiction. the economic benefits, the national security ence and sovereign state of the Ukrain­ Our own legislature this year passed such a implications and the effect on the balance of payments, it seems foolish not even to drill ian nation. bill which Governor Rockefeller vetoed. It is a tragic fact of history that soon Surely, in view of the recent experience to explore this clean source of energy which of the runaway well off Santa Barbara, one may be at our doorstep. afterward, the blossoming Ukrainian na­ must carefully assess the environmental Other nations, having considered the alter­ tion was brutally forced into the Union consequences of off-shore drilling. But we natives, have decided upon drllling in the of Soviet Socialist Republics. Since that must do so objectively. As a nation we do sea for new supplies of oil and gas. Great time the proud, talented and freedom­ not prohibit automobile travel because of Britain, Norway, Denmark and Holland all loving people of the Ukraine have re­ the many terrible accidents; we try to re­ are drllling in the North Sea, an area which sisted total Soviet domination and have duce the accidents. Nor do we outlaw com­ presents environmental hazards at least as great as any presented on the Atlantic shelf. constantly protested to all nations of the mercial airlines because there are occa­ world such abuses as the following: sional crashes, or high-jackings; we try to Canada has authorized extensive drllling in reduce their change of happening. The point the north Atlantic off Nova Scotia. During the 50-year rule of Moscow is that we do not live in a risk-free world, In the South Pacific, Indonesia, Taiwan, over the Ukraine literally millions of and we never will. and Japan have gone to the sea for petro­ Ukrainians have been annihilated by the leum. The decisions of these countries, and I would even suggest that if one puts aside manmade famines, deportations, and the consumers• interest in keeping ut111ty others, are not of course decisive for us, but outright executions; rates as low as possible, and the citizens' ln.­ they strongly suggest a direction that pub­ Both the Ukrainian Autocephalic terest in reducing dependence upon foreign lic policy should take on the Atlantic shelf. Orthodox Church and the Ukrainian fuels, there may be important environmental Under the Federal laws that govern the leas­ ing of the Outer Continental Shelf for gas Catholic Church were ruthlessly de­ advantages to carefully controlled explora­ and oil exploration, the Secretary of the In­ stroyed and their faithful members were 'tion on the Atlantic shelf. terior is the custodian of the public interest. incorporated into the Kremlin-controlled Consider the alternatives. Before deciding to offer any area for explora­ Russian Orthodox Church; Importing oil and liquefied natural gas tory drllling, he must prepare and make pub­ All aspects of Ukrainian life are rigid­ means tanker shipments, and tanker ship­ lic an environmental impact statement ly controlled and directed by Moscow: ments mean, inevitably, some spills. Re­ which examines the environmental conse­ cently the U.S. Geological Survey issued a. The Academy of Sciences, all scientific quences of the proposed leasing and any rea­ and research institutions, universities, list of all recorded oil spills incidents in­ sonable alternatives. volving 1,000 or more barrels since 1957. The The procedures involved in a proposed technicums, publications, the press, party celebrated Santa Barbara oil spill involving leasing of the Atlantic shelf are necessarily and government apparatuses, youth, a drilling platform ranked only 31st in magni­ time consuming. women's organizati<>ns, trade unions, and tude, with 10,000 barrels spilled. If the decision were made today to offer so forth; The largest sp111 by far was the grounding leases, it is probable that they would not Arrests, trials, and convictions of hun- 1790 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 22, 1973 dreds of young Ukrainian intellectuals-­ ROBERTO CLEMENTE WAS A After the game, the team physician had poets, writers, literary critics, play­ SUPERSTAR to put six or seven stitches into Roberto's wrights, professors, and students are chin, but I knew, and every other mem­ charged with "anti-Soviet propaganda ber of the Pirate team knew, that and agitation," though, in fact; these HON. WILMER MIZELL Roberto Clemente would do exactly the people profess loyalty to the Soviet State, OF NORTH CARO~A same thing tomorrow if it meant win- but fight against its abuses, violations and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES . ning a game. police rule. Among them are noted writ­ It was the greatest catch I ever saw an ers and thinkers such as V. Chornovll, Monday, January 22, 1973 outfielder make, and it was this kind of I. Dzyuba, I. Svitlychny, E. Sverstiuk, V. Mr. MIZELL. Mr. Speaker, it is my effort that Roberto exhibited all through Moroz, L. Plushch, and many others. personal privilege and honor today to the 1960 season, the kind of talent and Yuriy Shukhevych, the son of Gen. join with the distinguished gentleman determination that helped the Pirates Roman Shukhevych, commander in chief from Pennsylvania (Mr. MooRHEAD) in win their first pennant in 40 years and of the UPA, has been in and out of Soviet introducing legislation to strike a com­ go on to defeat the powerful New York concentration camps since the age of 15; memorative gold medal in honor of Rob­ Yankees in one of the most exciting in September 1972, he was again sen­ erto Clemente, a great friend, a great World Series ever played. tenced to 10 years at hard labor for re­ athlete, and a great humanitarian. And it pleased me to see with millions fusing to denounce his assassinated fa­ I first knew Roberto Clemente as an of other Americans that Roberto was ther and the ideal for which he was opposing player in the National League. still playing great baseballll years later killed: a free Ukraine. I was playing for the St. Louis Cardi­ as he led the Pirates to another world Mr. Speaker, when we commemorate nals at the time, and Roberto was play­ championship in 1971, again the hero of Ukrainian Independence Day, we cele­ ing for the Pittsburgh Pirates. an exciting World Series. bra,te the victory of the spirit over blind, When we were on opposing teams, I His power hitting, his blazing base­ ignorant physical force. I for one support never relished the thought of having to running, his amazing ability as a :flelder­ the 47 million Ukrainians in their strug­ pitch to Roberto. Not only could he hit .all of these are testimony to the fact that gle for cultural and intellectual freedom the ball all over the park, and often out he was a complete athlete and a genuine and exhort every American to do the of the park altogether, but once he got superstar in the game of baseball. same. on base, his amazing speed made him · This is Roberto Clemente the ball one of the greatest base-stealing threats player but the greatest testimonial to in all of baseball. how great Roberto Clemente the man WISCONSIN ASSEMBLY RESOLU­ It was a real challenge to pitch to Ro­ was, was the tremendous interest he took TION berto Clemente, and I had a lot of re­ in the youth of Puerto Rico. spect for him, not only for his hitting Roberto Clemente was often called HON. LES ASPIN and base-running ability, but for his "the Babe Ruth of Puerto Rico," and OF WISCONSIN fielding ability as well. he could easily have chosen to simply IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Even though I developed a tremendous bask in the fame of his athletic ability. amount of respect for Roberto Clemente He would have been a national hero for Monday, Janua1'y 22, 1973 during the years when we were on op­ that ability alone. Mr. ASPIN. Mr. Speaker, members of posing ball clubs, it was not until after But there was more to Robert Cle­ the Wisconsin State Assembly recently being traded to the Pittsburgh Pirates mente the man than that. Like our own passed a resolution calling for an end to in 1960, and playing and being with him Babe Ruth, Roberto Clemente wanted all hostilities in Southeast Asia and for every day, that I came to realize what a to see kids play and have fun, and Congress to reassert its control over for­ superstar he was. through considerable effort on his part, eign policy matters. I feel that the views Roberto Clemente was the most ex­ he was able to provid~ that kind of op­ of this governing body should be heard citing ballplayer I ever played with. portunity for thousands of Puerto Rican and considered by all of my colleagues, In close games, we could always count children. therefore I respectfully submit its reso­ on Roberto to get the crucial base hit, to Roberto was held in high esteem and lution for your consideration: run the bases with his lightning speed, with tremendous affection by the people 1973 ASSEMBLY RESOLUTION stretching what should have been a sin­ of Puerto Rico, not simply for the many Relating to memorializing the President gle into a double or a triple. things he did, but for the kind of man of the United States, every member of the Forbes Field, which served as the he was. Congress of the United States, and each Pirates' ballpark for many years before Here was a man who was willing to house of all State Legislatures for the pur­ the club moved into its new Twin Rivers give up spending Christmas Day with his pose of achieving an immediate end to all Stadium, was a large ballpark. But I family to make final preparations for a hostilities in Southeast Asia. have seen Roberto Clemente hit a ball mission of mercy, trying to get help to Be it resolved by the Assembly of the I Sovereign State of Wisconsin, That: out of the deepest part of Forbes Field. the victims of the earthquake in Nic­ (1) This Assembly calls upon the Presi­ have seen him hit a line d1ive shot in aragua. And it was on this mission of dent of the United States of America to im­ Chicago that went clear out of the mercy that he met his untimely death. mediately cea-se all hostilities in Southeast stadium. If there is any :fitting way for a man Asia and to withdraw all troops contingent But one of the most exciting plays I to die, the final chapter of Roberto Cle­ upon the release of all prisoners of wa.r and ever saw Roberto make was not at the full exchange of information on those listed plate, but from his position in right mente's life certainly provided a fitting as missing in action in all areas of Indo- theme for the life he lived and for the china. · :field. It was during the 1960 season, when memory that will live after him. (2) This Assembly calls upon the Congress . He gave everything he had to every of the United States and, particularly, the we were driving for the National League Committee on Foreign Relations and the Ap­ pennant. I was pitching; we had a one­ game he played, whether it was for the propriations Committee of the Congress of run lead in the top of the ninth inning, world championship of baseball at the United States, to reassert the control with two away and a runner on first. Forbes Field in Pittsburgh or for a win­ over foreign policy vested in the Congress The batter tagged me with a hard-hit ning run in a sandlot game in San Juan. of the United States by the United States Constitution. ball to right center, and it looked like And in the end, he gave everything he And, be it further resolved, That properly the ball would bounce off the wall for had to his commitment to helping his enrolled copies of this resolution be trans­ extra bases. fellow man. A superstar, a super per­ mitted by the Chief Clerk to the President I can still see Roberto Clemente leap­ former, a super individual-this was of the United States, to the Committee on ing a. Roberto Clemente. Foreign Relations of the United States Sen­ for the ball and catching it with ate, to every member of the United States spectacular one-handed grab. As he came The honor we seek to accord him to­ Senate and the United States House of Rep­ down, his chin hit the wall, and even with day is, I believe, most well-deserved, and resentatives, and to each house of the State the great jolt, Clemente held onto the ball I urged my colleagues to act favorably Legislatures of our 49 sovereign sister States. and saved the game for us. on this proposal. January 22, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1791 NEW YORK KNICKERBOCKER DRUM ment live that America indeed works, Whereas, as a result of this weather, un­ AND BUGLE CORPS, "THE PRIDE that together all races and religions precedented in our state, greater than fifty working side by side can indeed produce per cent of the crops are unharvested or OF NEW YORK" completely ruined, and thousands upon thou­ the sweetest music this side of heaven. sands of acres of cotton, soybeans and other Anyone who has ever seen or heard the major crops which form the mainstay of HON. MARIO BIAGGI fabulous New York Knickerbocker Drum Missouri's agricultural industry must remain OF NEW YORE and Bugle Corps knows that it does work. in the fields; and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The staff of the corps is tiny. Mr. Har­ Whereas, many hundreds of farmers, whose Monday, January 22, 1973 vey Berish is the corps general manager entire livelihoods depend upon the cultiva­ and Mr. Warren Marsh is the corps di­ tion and timely harvest of these crops, face Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, the New imminent and inevitable financlal ruin as a rector. The rest of the staff comes from direct result of this weather, and the reper­ York Knickerbocker Drum and Bugle within the ranks. The Knickerbocker Corps, a Bronx-based youth and pag­ cussive economic hardships imposed upon Hall Youth Center, at 2415 Westchester this area alone will amount to hundreds of eantry organization is perhaps the most Avenue, in the East Bronx, is open 365 millions of dollars; and prestigious musical group ever to march days a year and is staffed by a completely Whereas, these circumstances have com­ out of the city of New York. Composed voluntary staff. Members who now serve pelled an urgent appeal to the President of of over 120 high school and college young on the staff include: Jose Valazquez, as­ the United States of America for disaster people, the corps has been called a sistant brass instructor; Cleveland relief funds on behalf of these many farmers "sight--a sound-a sensation". They who now face this most serious crisis; and Jerome Moore, assistant drill instructor; Whereas, the President has frozen funds have thrilled millions of Americans and John Lennon, drill writer and instructor; Canadians with their own particular appropriated by the Congress of the United and Dominic Livoti, assistant hom in­ States of America for the purpose of dis­ dazzling breed of showmanship which in­ structor. aster relief in an attempt to curtaU federal corporates the magical music of the The lCr.dckerbockers indeed leave all spending; and metropolis, pulsating percussion and dy­ New Yorkers and all Americans with a Whereas, endeavors to minimize deficit namic and disciplined drill. They are ad­ particular sense of pride. They are the spending whenever feasible are certainly un­ mired and have fan clubs in several derstandable and highly commendable; how­ only New York City drum and bugle corps ever, the critical situation which compels States and Canada. ever to go on three international goodwill Recently the New York Knickerbocker these sentiments, the well-being of so many and championship tours. They have been people and the backbone of the most impor­ Drum and Bugle Corps was declared "the participants in the Macy's parade on tant industry of this state, requires im­ pride of New York City" by Mayor John Thanksgiving. The corps has been given mediate reconsideration of the decision to V. Lindsay and a special proclamation a grant by the Bronx Council on the Arts withhold these disaster relief funds; was issued calling the corps to the atten­ making them the only drum and bugle Now, therefore, be it resolved that the tion of all New Yorkers and setting aside corps recognized as a genuine cultural members of the Missouri House of Represen­ the week of December 3 to 10, 1972, as tatives of the Seventy-seventh General As­ asset. They have been selected by the sembly, First Regular Session, join in urgent Knickerbocker Drum and Bugle Corps New York Yankees to march as the of­ Week. Needless to say it was the first appeal to the President of the United States ficial Yankee Marching Drum and Bugle of America, the Honorable Richard M. Nixon, time a drum and bugle corps or musical Corps and they carry the team's official to reinstate the desperately needed funds unit from the city of New York had been tlag at all appearances. They have been for the assistance of the farmers of Missouri, given a week's tribute. selected for sponsorship 8 years in a row the victims of these tragic circumstances; In a most unusual move, the State in­ by the Knickerbocker Federal Savings and augural committee headed by Mr. Harry and Loan Association with Mr. Robert Be it further resolved that the House of Cohan and Republican State Chairman Representatives notify each member of the J. Murphy, Jr., president, underwriting Congressional delegation of our state of our Charles T. Lannigan, chose the Knicker­ the cost of many of the corps supplies. bocker Corps as the State's official "in­ appeal, that those members so intimately ac­ They have marched as the official entry quainted with the magnitude of this crisis augural parade musical unit." The corps of the New York Catholic Archdiocese in might join us in our plea; and was selected following a spectacular com­ the CYO Championship contest at To­ Be it further resolved that the Chief petition involving some 70 musical units ledo, Ohio. They have been the official Clerk of the House of Representatives be from all over the Empire State. Based New York City Unit at both the World instructed to send suitably inscribed copies on the corps' credentials as a very special Open and U.S. Open Championships for of this resolution to the Honorable Richard musical unit, and upon the fact that the M. Nixon, President of the United States of members of the Knickerbockers come half a decade. America, and to each Missouri member of from five New York counties--Manhat­ Mr. Speaker, the New York Knicker­ the Congress of the United States of America. tan, the Bronx, Brooklyn, Queens, West­ bocker Drum and Bugle Corps is indeed chester-the corps was chosen becoming "The Pride of New York," and we salute the very first New York City unit chosen them upon their participation in the to march in an inaugural parade. But inaugural parade. TRIDUTE TO JAMES V. SMITH support for the corps comes from both aisles of New York's Legislature and Con­ HON. B. F. SISK gress itself. It is the very nature of the MISSOURI HOUSE OF REPRESENTA­ OF CALIFORNIA ethnic diversity of the unit that stamps TIVES RESOLUTION IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES it as uniquely New York and even more so "America." Thursday, January 18, 1973 People are consistently moved to emo­ HON. WILUAM L. HUNGATE Mr. SISK. Mr. Speaker, as with other tional tears by the Knickerbockers fabu­ OF MISSOURI Members I would like to take this oppor­ lous presentation of the American tlag IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tunity to extend special tribute to James to the stirring "American Heritage" med­ Monday, January 22, 1973 V. Smith who is leaving his post as Ad­ ley of folk and patriotic songs culminat­ ministrator of the Department of Agri­ ing in "Hail to the Chief." Their other Mr. HUNGATE. Mr. Speaker, I would culture's Farmers Home Administration. music includes, jazz, show tunes from like to call to the attention of my col­ His initial exposure to most of us was Broadway, and hard rock. Their musical leagues the following resolution by the as a Member of the House of Representa­ director is alumnus of the corps and cur­ Missouri House of Representatives in one tives in 1966, followed then by his stew­ rent drum major, Richard Corbett. His of its earliest actions this year. A copy of ardship as head of the Farmers Home interpretation of the corps music leaves the resolutions follows, and I hope my Administration. His leaving will be a audiences stunned and in admiration. colleagues will join me in seeking to make tremendous loss not only to those who Perhaps the best thing about the New the administration responsive on this have known and worked with him, but York Knickerbocker Drum and Bugle problem: the U.S. Department of Agriculture as a Corps is the membership--the magnifi- MISSOURI HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES whole. cent young people share a multitude of RESOLUTION In stepping down from his post he ethnic and religious heritages. It is this Whereas, the southeastern area of Missouri leaves an outstanding record of public diversity that underscores the story of has suffered an exceptionally wet :ran and service, a record which blankets all the the Knickerbockers, and makes the state- winter; and rural areas of this Nation. 1792 CONGRESSIONAL-RECORD- HOUSE January 23, 1973 I am sure my colleagues join me in the Dick's remarkable driving record of 4 ample in their dedication to their ardu­ feeling that Jim Smith's stay in Federal million safe miles demonstrates courtesy ous task of lunar exploration. service was all too short, and that his and a respect for human life. If only tenure has been an invaluable asset to these qualities were shared by all in all everyone. I wish him well in his future areas of every day living. His example is pw·suits, and only hope that we may a worthy one and we owe him a hearty MAN'S INHUMANITY TO MAN­ share his counsel in the futw·e. thanks and extend our best wishes for HOW LONG? another 4 million safe miles. HON. WILLIAM J. SCHERLE ANNIVERSARY OF UKRAINIAN OF IOWA INDEPENDENCE APOLLO 17 IN .THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Monday, January 22~ 1973 HON. DONALD W. RIEGLE, JR. HON. OLIN E. TEAGUE Mr. SCHERLE. Mr. Speaker, a child OF MICHIGAN OF TEXAS asks: "Where is daddy?" A mother asks: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "How is my son?" A wife asks: "Is my husband alive or dead?" Monday, January 22, 1973 Monday, January 22, 1973 Communist North Vietnam is sadisti­ Mr. RIEGLE. Mr. Speaker, today Mr. TEAGUE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, cally practicing spiritual and mental gen­ marks the 55th anniversary of the procla­ the Congress honors itself by honoring ocide on over 1,757 American prisoners of . mation of the Independence of Ukraine, the Apollo 17 astronauts-Capt. Eugene war and their families. and the 54th anniversary of the Act of A. Cernan, Capt. Ronald E. Evans, and How long? Union, whereby all Ukrainian enthno­ Dr. Harrison H. Schmitt. These three graphic lands were united into one inde­ outstanding Americans have flown the pendent and sovereign state of the last of the Apollo lunar missions and Ukrainian Nation. Both the Independ­ provided our Nation with the wealth of A SALUTE TO JAMES V. SMITH ence of Ukraine and the Act of Union new knowledge from their efforts which were proclaimed in Kiev, capital of will take the next decade to decipher. Ukraine, on January 22, 1918, and Jan­ Theirs has been an exceptional contlibu­ HON. WILLIAM L. HUNGATE uary 22, 1919, respectively. I would like tion in a long line of striking achieve­ OF MISSOURI to pay tribute, today, to the Ukrainian ments by the Apollo astronauts. On this IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES people and their undaunted struggle for Apollo mission our first geologist astro­ Thursday, January 18, 1973 human rights and freedom, which are the naut visited the lunar surface. Apollo 17 basic tenets of our mode1n and civilized astronauts logged the longest stay time Mr. HUNGATE. Mr. Speaker, I would society. of any mission. They also spent the long­ like to thank my distinguished colleagues est single time on the lunar surface in from Texas river of the Year Award previous flights, have distinguished as head of the Farmers Home Adminis­ from the American Trucking Association. themselves in the harsh glare and min­ tration. His outstanding service will be It was my pleasw·e as Dick's Congress­ ute-to-minute review of comprehensive sorely missed. man to host a breakfast for him, his coverage of the Apollo missions. I join Jim Smith's many friends and lovely wife and daughter on January 4. Astronauts Cernan, Evans, and colleagues in saying thank you for a job My colleagues Mr. CLAUSEN, Mr. ANDER­ Schmitt ought to be congratulated not well done and in expressing best wishes SON, and Mr. EDWARDS came and enjoyed only for their Apollo cont1ibutions but for a prosperous future as he returns to the pleasure of meeting Mr. Stapp. for their outstanding conduct and ex- his native Oklahoma.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES-Tuesday, January 23, 1973 The House met at 12 o'clock noon. to terminate the servitude of the Ukrain­ THE JOURNAL The Very Reverend Andrew Dworakiv­ ian Nation and grant to her brotherhood, The SPEAKER. The Chair has ex­ sky, Dormition of the Holy Virgin love, and peace. amined the Journal of the last day's Ukrainian Orthodox Church, Northamp­ Bless all responsible leaders, 0 Lord. proceedings and announces to the House ton, Pa., offered the following prayer: Especially, Father, we ask Thee to bless his approval thereof. Almighty God, we thank Thee for all ow· President, the members of his Cabi­ Without objection, the Jownal stands the graces with which You hav'e endowed net, the Senate, and this deliberative approved. all nations. We ask Your mercy for body. Give them courage and strength to There was no objection. Ukrainians deprived of their liberty and stand firm for human rights, especially freedom in their native land for the past the captives in Ukraine. 55 years. Let it come to pass, 0 Lord, that this MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT Today, with unrelenting hope and country and independent Ukraine will A message in writing from the Presi­ humble respect, we stand before you, always be free and friendly nations that dent of the United States was communi­ honorable members of the American will glorify Thee for ever and ever. cated to the House by Mr. Marks, one of Government, and beseech Almighty God Amen. his secretaries.