FEBRUARY 9, 1973 25 CENTS VOLUME 37/NUMBER 5

A SOCIALIST NEWSWEEKLY/PUBLISHED IN THE INTERESTS OF THE WORKING PEOPLE ' Vietnam revolution· & Nixon's world strategy -page 10 ·

~ . While Henry Kissinger initialed cease-fire agreement in Paris, Saigon troops prepared to enforce Thieu's decrees in South Vietnam. See page 9.

Behind Nixon's budget cutbacks/a Chicago teachers & Black community/1s What's wrong with 'illegal alien' laws/17 In Brief TRAIL OF BROKEN TREATIES: The January edition of Guinea-Bissau. It is believed he was assassinated by of Akwesasne Notes has a 30-page section devoted to last Portuguese agents. November's Trail of Broken Treaties and the occupation Speakers at the memorial meeting included Abel of the Bureau of Indian Affairs in Washington, D. C. It Guimaraes of the People's Movement for the Liberation of includes a complete account of what happened, with photos, Angola (MPLA) and Owusu Sadaukai, president of Mal­ cartoons, reprints of editorials and columns from major colm X Liberation University in Greensboro, N.C., and newspapers during and after the occupation, statements of chairman of the African Liberation Support Committee. government officials, and the demands of the Indians in­ Robert Van Lierop of Africa Information Service chaired THIS volved in the action. the meeting. Reverend Lucius Walker of the Interreligious The issue can be ordered from Akwesasne Notes, Foundation for Community Organization gave the eulogy. WEEK'S Mohawk Nation, via Rooseveltown, N.Y. 13683. Single Community activists, various officials of African nations, copies are free, orders of 20 or more cost 25 cents per and delegates to the UN were in the audience. The Af­ copy. rica Information Service sponsored the meeting. MILITANT Sid Mills and Hank Adams, two of the leaders in the 3 Black steelworkers win November protest, were informed that they and six others VIETNAMESE SAILOR SPEAKS AT PORTLAND big victory have been named in federal indictments for damages to the FORUM: Ngo Chi Thien, a sailor in the South Vietnamese 4 Gov't cuts hospital work­ Bureau of Indian Affairs building. Earlier the government navy, spoke at the Portland, Ore., Militant Forum Jan. had promised that there would be no prosecutions. ers' pay 12 on "Political conditions under the Thieu regime." Militant correspondent Peter Grey writes that Thien has 5 Abortion law repeal spent the last two years in San Diego, where he was sent pressed across U.S. for medical training. He became an opponent of the Thieu 12 War protests from regime while in the U.S., and instead of returning to Viet· London to Mexico City ~.. nam for military service he came to Oregon. The Nixon 13 Cleveland socialist in administration is pressing for his deportation- a prospect ~ meaning imprisonment or death. mayoral campaign rA ')!)'~., JJ U.S. immigration laws provide for political asylum for 14 N.Y. cops attack Black - people fearing punishment from their government because community c==li of their political views, and Thien is fighting the attempts 16 Kitty Hawk sailor acquit­ to deport him. ted ~ !I 18 Corky Gonzales: evolu­ ~~ ~ tion of a Chicano leader • 21 Suppressed evidence Houston SWP faces exposed at Pentagon r papers trial _ renewed harassment 24 Detroit Blacks holding ... HOUSTON, Jan. 30- The Houston Socialist Workers l Party responded this week to a recent series of attacks hearings on cops against it. A letter to Houston Polic~ Chief Herman ';1.. ~ Short listed eight separate attacks on the SWP head­ 2 In Brief ~ ...... _, IJ I quarters and the cars of SWP members. The list in­ 6 In Our Opinion - - cluded four smashed windows in the headquarters Letters ''-li' and a total of 11 auto tires ruined while the cars were parked in front of the headquarters. 7 By Any Means Neces­ The most serious incident occurred the night of sary Jan. 27, when the SWP headquarters were broken National Picket Line 11 THI~ MU{.T Be lHE NEW SUIZEAU OF IIJDIAN into and ransacked. Many important records and 8 Great Society AfFAIRS 801LDIN' • " more than $100 of supplies and equipment were Women in Revolt stolen. La Raza en Accion POLICE HASSLE RAZA UNIDA: With little more than The letter pointed out that two years ago the Hous­ ton SWP was subjected to a similar, but more seriou·s, 20 In Review a week to go before the Jan. 30 primary elections, police conducted a raid Jan. 19 on a Raza Unida Party dance string of terrorist attacks. It also pointed out that 21 Militant Gets Around in Sun Valley, Calif. The dance was organized to raise the Ku Klux Klansmen indicted for bombing the funds for the campaign of Andres Torres for California SWP headquarters and the Pacifica radio station WORLD OUTLOOK state senator from the 22nd District in the San Fernando transmitter were recently set free when the district 1 Israeli socialists answer Valley. attorney dropped all charges against them. Two license-plate numbers of automobiles that may Zionist witch-hunt Speaking at a news conference, Torres charged Los have been used in the recent attacks were turned over 2 Interview with Bangla­ Angeles police with singling out his campaign for harass­ ment. He told The Militant that seven persons, including to the police. The SWP demanded that Police Chief desh guerrilla five Raza Unida Party volunteers, were arrested on charges Short put a stop to these attacks. 3 World News Notes such as interfering with an officer and drunkenness. One 4 An end to the interna­ minor was charged with illegally consuming alcoholic tional recession beverages. SUPREME COURT RULES ON CIVIL RIGHTS IS­ Trouble began when two plainclothes cops armed with SUE: For the first time the U.S. Supreme Court has clubs and guns circulated in the crowd of about 150, ruled that defendants have a constitutional right to have threatening to close down the dance. Seeing this as a juries screened for racial prejudice. On Jan. 17 the court provocation, dance organizers asked the cops to leave ordered a new trial for Gene Ham, a South Carolina and decided to close the dance early to avoid further prob­ civil rights worker who was sentenced to 18 months in lems. jail on a marijuana charge. Ham insisted that police As they were cleaning up, about 20 uniformed cops had been out to get him because of his political activi­ arrived and made the arrests. ties, but the trial judge refused to ask prospective jurors Torres called on his Democratic and Republican whether they could disregard Ham's race. In the same opponents to express their opposition to the harassment case, the court refused to extend the ruling to include THE MILITANT of campaign workers. So far, none have responded. prejudice against beards. GAY RIGHTS VICTORY IN OHIO: When Ohio's newly VOLUME 37/NUMBER 5 reformed criminal code goes into effect next January, it FEBRUARY 9, 1973 will be the seventh state to have removed legal restric­ Notice to photographers CLOSING NEWS DATE-JAN. 31, 1973 tions on gay sex. Other states that have legalized homo­ The Militant welcomes photographs and undevel­ Editor: MARY-ALICE WATERS sexuality are Colorado, Connecticut, Hawaii, Illinois, oped film from its readers. We do not, however, Business Manager: SHARON CABANISS Oregon, and Delaware. Southwest Bureau: HARRY RING have the facilities to process color film, so photo­

Published weekly by The Militant Publishing Ass'n., GAY ACTIVIST RUNNING IN N.Y. CITY COUNCIL graphers should use black and white. 14 Charles lane, New York, N.Y. 10014. Phone: Ed­ RACE: Jim Owles, a former president of the N.Y. Gay itorial Office (212) 243-6392; Business Office (212) Activists Alliance, announced Jan. 27 that he would seek THE MILITANT GETS REPRINTED: The Jan. 25 issue 929-34B6. Southwest Bureau: 11071/2 N. Western the Democratic Party nomination for a city council seat Ave., los Angeles, Calif. 90029. Phone: (213) 463- of High Street, an underground newspaper from Oxford, 1917. here. Owles is the first avowed homosexual to run for Ohio, reprinted Stacey Joslin's review of Midge Deeter's Correspondence concerning subscriptions or changes office in New York City. The New Chastity and Other Arguments Against Women's of address should be addressed to The Militant Busi­ Liberation. ness Office, 14 Charles lane, New York, N.Y. 10014. Second-class postag·e paid at New York, N.Y. Sub­ MEMORIAL MEETING FOR AMILCAR CABRAL: Close scription: Domestic, $5 a year; foreign, $8. By first­ to 400 people turned out Jan. 24 at St. Philips Church ANTIWAR ACTIONS: In addition to the antiwar actions class mail: domestic and Canada, $25; all other coun­ in New York City for a memorial meeting to honor Amil­ reported in last week's Militant, smaller demonstrations tries, $41. Air printed matter: domestic and Canada, car Cabral. Cabral, who was murdered Jan. 20 in took place in cities across the country. One thousand $32; latin America and Europe, $40; Africa, Australia, Conakry, Guinea, was the leader of PAIGC (African Party people demonstrated in Champaign, Ill., and 700 marched Asia (including USSR), $50. Write lor sealed air pos­ tage rates. for the Independence of Guinea and the Cape Verde Is­ in St. Louis. Youngstown, Ohio, and Phoenix each had Signed articles by contributors do not necessarily lands). His organization was fighting Portuguese control demonstrations of about 100. represent The Militant's views. These are expressed -DAVE FRANKEL in editorials.

2 Nixon's budget slashes social programs, sets arms s di at near-record level By DICK ROBERTS Richard Nixon declared in his sec­ ond inaugural address, "Government must learn to take less from people so that people can do more for them­ selves." The president also declared, "In our own lives, let each of us ask not just what will government do for me, but what I can do for myself." The meaning of these words came clear in the budget Nixon presented to Congress Jan. 29- a budget that attempts to slash government social­ service spending to a minimum, elim­ inating altogether a number of fed­ eral "antipoverty" programs, while jacking up war expenditures to the second highest level since World War II. Hardest hit by the new admin­ istration budget will be the poor in the nation's largest cities. Virtually all of the token programs the Johnson administration initiated to improve conditions .in the big cities Nixon wants to spend more money on bombs and other weapons, while cutting poverty programs, including Head Start and are to be slashed under the Nixon school milk programs, to a minimum. budget. The Office of Economic Op­ portUnity would be eliminated. The Head Start program designed to help minated. that major government programs are Grossman cited the disbanding of pre-school children is slated to be ter­ Nixon's once-ballyhooed plan to necessary to begin to solve the prob­ various community action programs minated before June 30. provide a minimum income of $2,400 lems in housing, education, welfare, under OEO; no new commitments for Reductions are scheduled in pro­ for a family of four- the "family as­ health, and other areas. Nixon's bud­ the Emergency Employment Law pro~ grams to provide inexpensive milk sistance plan"- is given no funds in get will not be well received by the gram; closing out of existing projects to schoolchildren and to upgrade the the budget. tens of millions who are being asked and no new commitments to the ur­ teaching of foreign languages in The freeze on nearly all housing, to sacrifice. And it is certain that pub­ ban renewal program; and a slash­ schools. Federal aid for hospital con­ urban-renewal projects, and "model­ lic pressure will force Congress to of­ ing of funds designed to redevelop struction is to be ended, on the as­ cities" programs will be continued. fer some resistance to Nixon's moves. the Brooklyn Navy Yard as well as sumption that the U.S. now has as But the war budget- despite the President Nixon also stated that tax­ such depressed areas as the South many hospital beds as it needs, al­ "cease-fire" in Vietnam- is being in­ es will not be raised in 1973. ·The Bronx and Lower East Side. though the price of hospitalization has creased $4.2-billion, to $79-billion for deception here is quite simple. Taxes Grossman noted that additional never been higher. fiscal year 1974, beginning next July have already been raised in 1973. funds would still come for drug re­ A $1-billion-a-year program to hire 1. "A substantial rise, of nearly $1- On Jan. 1 employment taxes went up, habilitation, but these would be to­ the "hard-core" unemployed for· public­ billion, is being sought for research affecting the vast majority of workers. tally inadequate. Water pollution service jobs is to be dr:opped. Such and development on a wide array It is not widely realized that "social funds are restored in part, but the programs as Job Corps and Neigh­ of strategic and conventional weap­ security" taxes have become a sig­ amount is "far below" that authorized borhood Youth Corps may be ter- ons, including the B-1 bomber, an nificant way of funding the federal by Congress. advanced site defense antimissile sys­ government. But in the 1974 budget, tem and a heavily armed helicopter," they will account for 29 percent of The Nixon administration is at­ according to the Jan. 30 New York government income. This compares tempting to force state and city gov­ Times. with 42 percent raised in individual ernments to fund desperately needed The same newspaper reported that income taxes and only 14 percent social programs in order to reduce the budget includes a 7.5 percent in­ raised through corporate income tax­ federal deficits. This is an integral crease in "anticrime programs." Nix­ es. part of the effort of U.S. capitalism on declared that this "reflects my de­ A more accurate statement of Nix­ to reduce inflation and to stabilize termination to enforce the laws of this on's intentions would have been, "Gov­ the dollar in world finance. country.... " ernment will take more from the peo­ But the central propellant of infla­ One of the few justifications the pres­ ple in order to do less for them." tionary deficits in the government bud­ ident offered for slashing needed so­ However, resistance is certain to de­ get are the massive expenditures on cial welfare programs is that the pro­ velop to these drastic federal cutbacks, the lucrative war industry, which Nix­ grams weren't getting anything done not only on the congressional but also on proposes to increase. It is these anyway. This is true to a certain ex­ on the city level, where the impact expenditures that should be slashed tent. Where millions were spent, bil­ would be the worst. New York City to the bone. That would not only lions are needed, and many of the Budget Director David Grossman relieve the problem of inflation in this ' ... let each of us ask not just what will programs are mired in bureaucracy spelled out some of the effects on the country.rfi·ui it would supply billions government do for me, but what I can often permeated with corruption. city in a memo to Mayor Lindsay of dollars for drastically increasing do for myself.' But masses of people understand Jan. 31. social welfare programs. Black steelworkers win major victory By BAXTER SMITH fer to better jobs within the plant with­ said he gave up 17 years of seniority One white rank-and-filer added, ac­ Black workers won a major victory out sacrificing their seniority. Under when he shifted to another unit seven cording to the Times, "You give a Jan. 16 when the Labor Department the order, these Blacks would have years ago. He will now have 24 years colored person a finger and they want ordered an end to discriminatory 90 days to apply for transfers. of seniority, moving him ahead of the whole hand. . . . Even with my policies at the Bethlehem Steel plant If Bethlehem does not comply with many others in his predominantly 35 years' seniority at the tin mill, I'm in Sparrows Point, Md. The ruling the order, it faces the possible loss of white section. afraid somebody could take my job. affects nearly 8,000 Black employees. millions of dollars in government con­ Reaction to the order from some of ... Some of them got the idea they're Secretary of Labor James Hodgson tracts. the 13,000 whites in the plant was God's chosen people." issued a 78-page directive following a The order was based on the Civil quite harsh. White racist officials in Despite the important ruling, the government-appointed committee's re­ Rights Act of 1964. According to a the Steelworkers locals joined with government did not set up any port on job discrimination at the plant. Labor Department lawyer quoted in company officials in claiming it would machinery to implement the decision. The committee found that Blacks had the Jan. 17 New York Times, it is disrupt the efficiency and stability of The racist company and union officials long been assigned to the "dirtiest, least "the most far-reaching affirmative ac­ the plant. will, at best, make only a token effort desirable jobs." tion decision yet by the Federal "It's an asinine decision," declared to enforce the government order. It also charged that Bethlehem Government." Edward Plato, district director of the They can be expected to try to whip policy forced Blacks to stay with these The ruling applies only to Blacks Steelworkers union, according to the up racist sentiments among the white jobs because anyone transferring to hired prior to 1968 because the com­ Jan. 22 New York Times. "The order workers to intimidate the Blacks and another unit lost seniority and pay mittee found that since then Bethlehem is unworkable and inequitable. It dis­ prevent them from taking advantage status, and had to begin at the bottom had dropped its job-placement bias. criminates to end discrimination. I'm of the ruling. To go beyond tokenism in the new assignment. Several thousand Blacks, however, not a redneck, but this imposes dual and deal with racist threats and Hodgson ordered Bethlehem to offer may benefit from the directive. standards. It's doing nothing to im­ harassment, the Black workers will those Black workers employed there Most Blacks at the plant welcomed prove race relations; in fact, it may have to organize to defend and extend prior to 1968 the opportunity to trans- the ruling. One Black crane operator., well tear them. to pieces." their gains.

THE MIUTANT/FEBRUARY 9, 1973 3 'Phase 3' in action Rhodesian Gov't cuts hospital' workers pay threat to By JENNY SIMPSON Leon Davis, president of Local workers in New York City were mak­ NEW YORK- On Jan. 25 the Cost 1199, called the rollback "an attack ing as little as $28 a week in 1963, Zambia of Living Council announced it had on low-paid minority members. We and many were forced to live on wel­ reduced from 8.3 percent to 5.5 per­ will appeal this to the board and take fare. cent a wage and benefit increase won it to the courts. Our members are The food industry, including wait­ mounts by 33,000 low-paid hospital workers determined to take such other actions resses, butchers, farm workers, and By MARCEL BLACK here. as are necessary to safeguard their meat packers, is also largely unor­ A series of border incidents between The announcement affected the set­ rights to be treated as human beings." ganized. The fact that both the health the military forces of the independent tlement a panel of arbitrators made Hospital workers here are mostly and food industries are composed African republic of Zambia and the last June in a contract dispute be­ Black and Puerto Rican. mostly of Black, Puerto Rican, and white-settler regime of Rhodesia tween Local 1199 of the Drug and At a recent delegates' meeting of Chicano workers makes it clear that (Zimbabwe) have taken place since Hospital union and the League of 1199, held before the council ruling, Nixon's attack on workers will hit the Jan. 9 closure of the Rhodesia­ Voluntary Hospitals. Members of Davis blasted the Nixon administra­ these oppressed nationalities especially Zambia border. 1199 had been waiting for more than tion and the union bureaucrats who hard. Rhodesia closed the border after an six months for the ruling on the con­ are going along with Phase 3. He At the recent meeting, Local 1199 upsurge of guerrilla activities by tract. The hospitals refused to pay pointed out that the only industries delegates appealed to the union lead­ Zimbabwe liberation groups, which the increase until the government re­ retaining "mandatory" controls under ership to begin a fight to abolish all are demanding control over that coun­ viewed the settlement. Phase 3 are the health and food in­ wage controls. They emphasized that try by its Black African majority. As originally negotiated, the con­ dustries. He accused Nixon of seek­ mandatory controls, even if focused Zambia has been the target of the tract would have increased the min­ ing to keep a lid on the poorest and only on one or two industries, con­ blockade and of other economic mea­ imum pay of hospital workers from most exploited workers in the country. stitute an attack on all workers. sures taken by the Republic of South $130 a week to $142 in the first year, Most hospital workers remain un- A proposal aimed at protecting the Africa because it allows the Zimbab­ and to $154 in the second year. organized. Unorganized hospital then-pending contract and dealing wean freedom fighters to maintain with Phase 3 mandatory controls was bases on its territory. adopted along the following lines: According to the Jan. 21 New York Times, Rhodesian authorities charged e Delegates were to visit every hos­ that "on three separate occasions Zam­ pital in New York and make it clear bian soldiers ·had opened fire on that a government decision to grant Rhodesian and South African forces anything less than the 8.3 perc,ent from the northern bank of the [Zam­ raise would be viewed as the respon­ bezi] river." The Zambezi River is the sibility of management. (Although the border between Zambia and Rhodesia. contract was determined by arbitra­ A Jan. 20 Associated Press dispatch tors originally called in by the hos­ from Lusaka, Zambia, reported the pitals, management had been pres­ Zambian government's charge that suring since July for a ruling that "three persons were killed and five would cut the increase.) critically wounded by Rhodesian land • 1199 should appeal to AFL-CIO mines planted ·inside Zambian bor­ President George Meany to pressure ders, and that the country had moved Nixon to remove mandatory controls up troops to defend her frontier." on 1199 workers and on the food and health industries as a whole. e 1199 would send out a call to all unions affected by the mandatory controls under Phase 3 for a national conference to map plans for fighting the controls. The union leadership didn't make it clear at the meeting whether such a conference would be a rank-and­ file gathering. It remains the respon- 1199 News sibility of the Local 1199 elected del- Members of Local 1199 demonstrate against Nixon's wage freeze in October 1971. egates to see that it is. Jury seated in Rap Brown trial By BETTI SACHS top by police. He was taken to Roose­ Tight security surrounds the court­ NEW YORK, Jan. 28-A jury of 11 velt Hospital, where three operations room, and all observers are frisked Rhodesian Prime Minister lan Smith wor­ men and one woman has been selected were required to save his life. As he by police before entering. The trial ries about mounting opposition to his re­ here in the trial of Black activist H. lay in a hospital bed, his bail was set is expected to last for at least two gime. Rap Brown. Brown and three code­ at $250,000 (later reduced to months, and Ed Brown urges people fendants, Sam Petty, Levi Valentine, $200,000). Since his hospitalization, to attend the trial to show support The dispatch reported that a Zam­ and Arthur Young, are being charged he has spent more than a year in for the defendants. bian government spokesman "charged with 24 counts of robbery, attempted jail awaiting trial. The trial is being held at 100 Center Rhodesia with seeking an excuse to murder of five policemen, and illegal Ed Brown, Rap Brown's brother, St. (New York State Supreme Court) 'launch a military attack' on Zam­ possession of weapons. told The Militant the charges are on the eleventh floor from 10 a.m. bia." The charges stem from the defen­ totally fabricated. He said they are to 5 p.m., Monday through Thurs­ A Zambian government spokesman dants' alleged participation in a hold­ the logical result of the intense perse­ day. Judge Arnold Fraiman granted told Reuters Jan. 19 that 4, 000 South up of a Manhattan social club in cution of Rap Brown that began in · a defense motion to recess on Fridays, African troops had arrived in Zam­ October 1971. If convicted, they face 1967, when he was accused of "coun­ which are holidays for the four bia after the announcement of the possible maximum sentences of life seling to arson" in Cambridge, Md. Moslem defendants. blockade. They were deployed along imprisonment. As a leader of the growing Black Jury selection took two weeks. Most the Zambia-Rhodesia border in sup­ power movement, . Rap Brown was port of the Rhodesians. of the questioning of prospective jurors harassed, threatened, and persecuted JAN. 30- An incident involving pro­ concerned their racial and political Rhodesian and South African au­ to the point where, according to Ed spective jurors in the H. Rap Brown thorities have tried to present the inci­ views. Selection was delayed as many Brown, he felt his life was in danger. case may result in a mistrial, the New dents as "Zambian aggression," al­ jurors openly expressed bias either York Post reported today. though they clearly result from at­ for or against the defe~aants. Of the In March 1970 he disappeared after Sup~me Court Justice Peter McQuil­ tempts to prevent Zimbabwean free­ 12 jurors selected, two are Black, one a bomb exploded in the car of two lan revealed that on Jan. 22 a jury dom fighters from reaching their is Puerto Rican, and the rest are white. of his co-workers in SNCC (Student clerk, Louis Moss, tried to convince homeland from Zambia. The "foreman" is a Black woman. The Nonviolent Coordinating Committee), jurors to support efforts in the state These charges against Zambia, jurors range in age from their late Ralph Featherstone and William "Che" legislature to end the unanimous-ver­ along with the Rhodesian infiltration 20s to mid-60s. · Payne, killing them both. The dict rule. of Zambia and the mobilizations of explosion occurred in Bel Air, Md., Brown's attorneys are William The clerk added that in the mean­ South African and Rhodesian forces Kunstler and Howard Moore Jr. 0. T. the site chosen for Brown's riot and time, "If you find you're the only at the Zambia border, pose the threat Wells, Charles McKenney (of the Pan­ arson trial. It is probable that the holdout for acquittal ... give in." of a possible invasion of Zambia if ther 21 case), and Marguerite Hines bomb was intended for Brown. This was a clear attempt to pressure the situation of the white-settler minor­ are representing Valentine, Petty, and Ed Brown stated that "there is ob­ them into returning a "guilty" verdict. ity continues to worsen. Young, respectively. Brown is acting viously a concerted effort on the part According to the Post, Moss com­ as cocounsel in his case. of the government to do away with plained that "there are lots of revo­ Brown was arrested in October 1971 him. This follows the pattern of what's lutionaries that are walking out of after being shot and beaten on a roof- been happening to all Black militants." here scot free because of hung juries."

4 Anti-abortion groups After cou!t ruling attack court decision. Abort1on law repeal By CINDY JAQUITH ton over the weekend to plan a cam- pressed across JAN. 29- The anti-abortion forces paign against the legalization of u• s• continue to condemn last week's Su­ abortion. By CINDY JAQUITH suit in November 1971. The groups preme Court decision legalizing abor­ ". . . although they have not ruled JAN. 30- The U.S. Supreme Court that helped initiate the court chalenge tion, although they have yet to come out the possibility of backing a con­ ruled Jan. 22 that the abortion laws included the Boston Women's Abor­ up with a plan of action to counter stitutional amendment to overturn in 46 states and the District of Colum­ tion Action Coalition, the Boston this historic victory for women. Their the ruling, they do not at this time bia are unconstitutional. The legisla­ Women's Legal Group, and the Civil activities, however, indicate they have regard such a move likely to suc­ tures in those states must now pass Liberties Union of Massachusetts. no intention of giving up the fight. ceed," the News said. new laws that conform to the Supreme The Cleveland Civil Liberties Union The most vocal opponents of the Cardinal John Cody of Chicago re­ Court ruling. is discussing the possibility of a test court ruling have been leading fig­ cently outlined some other tactics anti­ This means that no state can deny case in Ohio to overturn the state anti­ ures in the Catholic Church hierarchy. abortion forces may use. Cody is the women the right to abortion during abortion law. Vatican Radio denounced the court chairman of the Committee for Pro­ the first 12 weeks, states cannot im­ New York WONAAC had been decision Jan. 23, saying, "Abortion Life Affairs of the National Confer­ pose restrictions on where or how building support for legislative hear­ .. is no more and no less than the kill­ ence of Catholic Bishops. His com­ abortions are performed, such as re­ ings on abortion in the state capital ing of a human being." mittee is calling on state legislatures quiring that they be performed in a on Jan. 30. Due to the Supreme In Washington, D. C., Cardinal Pat­ to "restrict the practice of abortion hospital instead of in a clinic or doc­ Court's favorable ruling, WONAAC rick 0' Boyle urged all pastors in his as much as they can" and for Cath­ tor's office. canceled the hearings and is now or­ archdiocese to attack the court's ac­ olic hospitals, doctors, and nurses to States may outlaw abortion on de­ ganizing a rally and forum on the tion in their sermons yesterday. One refuse to perform abortions on de­ mand during the last ten weeks of abortion victory for Feb. 2. mand. pregnancy, but they must still allow Other cities plan rallies, meetings, Some protest actions have been or­ abortion "to preserve the life or health and conferences in the next few weeks ganzed by the anti-abortion forces. of the mother." to discuss the abortion issue in light But so far, none of these actions has Following the court ruling, a bill of the Supreme Court decision. Gather­ approached the size of the anti-abor­ to repeal all restrictions on abortions ings are planned in the Bay Area, tion demonstrations held at the height was introduced into the New York Feb. 8; Chicago and Boston, Feb. of the abortion debate last spring. State legislature and signed by 30 10; Los Angeles, Feb. 13; Cleveland, Three hundred people demonstrated legislators. The bill would remove all Feb. 21; Denver, Feb. 24; and Hous­ in Cleveland Jan. 27 against the Su­ regulations on abortion except health ton, Minneapolis, and Seattle, the preme Court decision. Youth for Life codes in practice for other medical weekend of March 2-3. organized the action, which was pick­ procedures. The Women's National eted by members of the Abortion Proj­ Abortion Action Coalition (WO­ ect Coalition, an abortion rights NAAC) supports the repeal measure. group. Two TV stations covered the WONAAC National Coordinator coalition's picket line. Susan LaMont told The Militant that In Boston, 200 people came to a "WONAAC views the Supreme Court meeting called by Citizens for Life decision as a major victory for abor­ following the announcement of the tion rights. At the same time, we feel court's ruling. The organization says there should be no restrictions on a it will launch an educational cam­ woman's right to choose, and we will paign to convince women that abor­ be supporting repeal bills wherever Anti-abortion groups still p,ress their re­ tion is wrong. they are introduced into state legis­ actionary campaign. Justice Harry Blackmun was the tar­ latures." Congresswoman Bella Abzug (D­ get of an anti-abortion demonstration N. Y.) announced Jan. 26 that she of those complying was Dr. Clarence of 50 people on Jan. 24, when he will continue to work for passage of Enzer, who told parishioners at St. came to Cedar Falls, Iowa, to ad­ the Abortion Rights Act, the bill she Mary's Church that the legalizing of dress the Chamber of Commerce. introduced into Congress during its abortion could put America "on the Blackmun, who wrote the Supreme last session. Speaking at a news con­ same road that was traveled a gen­ Court majority decision, is a Nixon ference called by the National Associa­ eration ago by the German people appointee. Mili tion for the Repeal of Abortion Laws under the domination of Hitler." In a statement to the press last week, WONAAC national coordinator Barbara (NARAL), Abzug explained that her Outside St. Matthew's Cathedral in Susan LaMont, a national coordina­ Roberts and others picket White House bill would "eliminate any state laws last October demanding that Supreme Washington, members of the ultraright tor of the Women's National Abor­ of any nature concerning the regula­ Court recognize right to abortion. Society for the Christian Common­ tion Action Coalition, explained that tion of abortion." wealth marched yesterday carrying "the 'right-to-life' forces are not simply Lee Gidding, executive director of "Excommunicate Brennan" and "Down going to pack up and go home.... NARAL, told reporters that the orga­ With the Supreme Court" signs. Jus­ The abortion rights movement must nization is urging its chapters to help Women in Portland went ahead with tice William Brennan is the only Ro­ be alert to any attempts to pass laws get repeal bills introduced into state an abortion tribunal on Jan. 24 that man Catholic on the Supreme Court. which fall outside the framework of legislatures. had been scheduled prior to the Su­ The Jan. 27 New York Daily News this decision, and to press for com­ In Massachusetts, a class-action suit preme Court decision. Seventy-five reported that Catholic Church leaders plete availability of abortion to wom­ challenging the constitutionality of the women attended the meeting which fo­ and lawyers would meet in Washing- en at any time." state's abortion law is already in the cused in part on the abortion rights courts. Lawyers for the Women v. victory. Massachusetts suit are now filing for For further fnformation on these ac­ a declaratory judgment from the court tivities, contact the Women's Nationa1 in light of the Supreme Court ruling. -Abortion Action Coalition at 150 Fifth 1 Women picket Cardinal Two hundred women plaintiffs Ave., Room 437, New York, N.Y. Cody news conference launched the Women v. Massachusetts 10011. Telephone (212) 675-9150. CHICAGO, Jan. 25 -Women from panel ruled the lllinois anti-abortion the lllinois Women's Abortion Action law unconstitutional. For 11 days Coalition picketed a news conference abortions were legally performed in Cardinal John Cody held here Jan. 23 the state. Then Edward Hanrahan, on the recent Supreme Court abor­ Cook County state's attorney at that tion ruling. time, won an injunction banning Cody told reporters the Catholic abortions. Church would use "all means possible" This injunction is still in effect. but to oppose the ruling, which makes the lllinois Supreme Court is expected abortion a women's right to choose. to rule on it when its next session He added that Catholic women who opens Feb. 20. get abortions will be excommunicated, Opponents of legal abortion, spear­ and that he couldn't envision any state headed by lllinois Right to Life, plan passing a law that would be "morally a demonstration Feb. 3 in Chicago acceptable." against the U. S. Supreme Court rul­ ing. The lllinois Women's Abortion Cody is chairman of the Commit­ Coalition ( IW AC) is organizing a pick­ tee for Pro-Life Affairs of the National et line at the demonstration to pro­ Conference of Catholic Bishops. He test the right wing's attempts to deny Growing protests against anti-abortion laws were major factor in Supreme Court's women abortions. In addition, IW AC and other reactionaries will be try­ decision to legalize abortion. The Women's National Abortion Action Coalition has initiated a meeting Feb. 10 to ing to take advantage of an ambig­ (WONAAC) organized many of these actions, such as the one above in Boston, May, uous legal situation in lllinois. discuss the victory women have won 1972. In May 1971, a three-judge federal with the legalization of abortion.

THE MILITANT/FEBRUARY 9, 1973 5 In Our· Opinion LBJ Letters "Lyndon the Liberator"- these are the terms in which former Treaty violations of the United Auto Workers has Secretary of State Dean Rusk and other Democratic Party Larry Seigle's "Reply to Tom the right to decide what kind of politicians are eulogizing the late Lyndon Johnson. Hayden" in the Jan. 26 Militant pay we consider just and reasonable. That is supposed to be "Lyndon Johnson will be a political asset in 1976," declared is absolutely correct. There can be no doubt that execution of the peace why we have conventions; that is Hubert Humphrey, who was LBJ's vice-president and who why the membership has the lost the 1968 election in part because of his association with treaty would shortly be followed by cries of "Violation!" on the part of right to accept or turn down a Johnson's Vietnam policies. the Thieu regime and the United contract negotiated by the leader­ Even former Senator Eugene McCarthy, who successfully States government, especially since ship. confronted Johnson early in the 1968 Democratic primaries, disagreements in interpretation of But your participation on the "new" joined in the praise: "Other than the war, of course, liberals various provisions of the agreement board can mean only one or both didn't have much to fault Johnson on.... " are already a matter of public rec­ of two things. It can mean that This is an example of how the rulers of this country leap ord. you are willing to get together at any opportunity to refurbish the image of one of their Any resistance by Vietnamese lib­ behind closed doors with manage­ own so as to patch up their credibility as "representatives" eration forces to the mass arrests ment and government officials of the American people. In the case of LBJ, they have a and massacres now being planned to come to an agreement before particularly difficult task. by Thieu will doubtless be considered the 1973 negotiations. It can also mean that you lack confi- Despite many popular social welfare measures initiated un­ a treaty violation, as will any dence in yourself and in our der his administration, Johnson's Vietnam war record made PRG attempts to consolidate support in so-called contested union, and that you have already him one of the most thoroughly hated presidents in the areas. Nixon will certainly intervene given up on any significant prog­ history of this country. His name will always be associated under such circumstances (most ress in solving our problems in with such sentiments as "Hey, hey LBJ, how many kids did likely by renewing the terror 1973, and are using some phony you kill today?" bombing of the North), unless the "guidelines" as an excuse for LBJ was driven out of office by the antiwar movement. independent antiwar movement is your failure. In his last months in office, he was afraid to appear pub­ strong enough to stop him. If either or both of these reasons licly in the country he supposedly represented; he feared mas­ The Hayden line ("the peace treaty are true, you should not only sive antiwar demonstrations. is a victory for the Vietnamese") is get off the board, but you should Not satisfied with keeping Vietnam safe for capitalism, LBJ an invitation for us to demobilize resign as president of the UAW! financed an army of white mercenary killers from South the antiwar movement and to leave The UAW must not put its stamp of approval on these anti­ Africa to put down a revolutionary struggle in the Congo the Vietnamese to the tender mercies of Nixon, Thieu, Brezhnev, labor programs of the Nixon in 1964. He also sent U.S. troops to crush a rebellion in and Chou. administration. Phase 3, like the Dominican Republic in 1965. Our response must be: No phases 1 and 2 before it, was not LBJ's admirers are now trying to defend his record as Demobilization! No Deals! U.S. Out set up to help working people. a politician who fought for civil rights for Black people. of Southeast Asia NOW! As the Even you, Brother Woodcock, along In reality, LBJ was a Dixiecrat who went from being an Vietnamese have endured, so must with George Meany, have shouted, open racist to being a liberal in order to more effectively the American antiwar movement and correctly, that working people slow down and disorient the movement for Black freedom. endure until a true peace is were hurt, while Big Business pros­ He is the one who argued against the Fair Employment established throughout Southeast pered under phases 1 and Practices Commission (FEPC) on the Senate floor in 1946, Asia. 2. saying: "I notice when I go to New York, that the colored Rich Rubenstein This time around, Nixon is­ people have congregated in Harlem. That is due to an in­ Chicago, Ill. hardly pretending that he plans born instinct . . . By this bill [FEPC] there is an attempt to control prices or profits. This to change something that God made." (Congressional Rec­ program only makes more certain ord, Vol. 92, p. 579.) that prices, rents, profits, executive bonuses, interest payments, and LBJ pushed for, and won, congressional passage of the Prison brutality Friday, Jan. 26, one of the indicted so on will go up more rapidly 1964 Civil Rights Bill, not because he was on the side of than before. Only wages will Blacks, but because the government of this country was faced brothers of Attica who is currently held in Auburn prison was brutally limp ever more deeply behind. with a growing mass movement of Black people who were assaulted by officers for hesitating Pete Kelly determined to get some measure of justice, by any means when being ordered to submit to a Jordan Sims necessary. Although Johnson liked to take credit for the civil second rectal examination within five The United National Caucus rights legislation of the 1960s, the gains that were won were minutes. Centerline, Mich. due to the power of the Black freedom movement. Otis McGaughy had gone through Similarly, the social legislation credited to LBJ- Medicare, this dehumanizing procedure on the the limited programs in housing and education, the so-called way down to visit his attorneys with Like it is war on poverty-were forced out of the government by such the Attica Defense Committee. Al­ The Militant really helps me keep though the visit was constantly explosions as Harlem in 1964, Watts in 1965, Newark and abre~st of what's happening. You Detroit in 1967. watched by guards stationed out­ are doing a great job of "telling side the glass door, he was ordered Working people can remember LBJ for voting for the Taft­ it like it is". to submit again upon being returned Hartley "slave labor" act in the House of Representatives A prisoner to his cell. Pennsylvania in 1946. In 1967 he invoked the same act to force striking This procedure, carried out with electricians back to work on terms dictated by West Coast an air of vengeful retaliation by Au­ shipyard owners. burn guards, many of whom were Super-gods Johnson's "war on poverty" was about as effective as put­ at Attica in September 1971, is just New York State Senator James ting a band-aid on a cancer victim. Although some programs part of the harassment we are still benefited a limited number of people, they scarcely made Donovan, Republican of Chadwicks being subjected to. and the Senate sponsor of repeal a dent in the problems facing the majority of the poor and The attack on McGaughy followed of the present abortion law, called on the oppressed. by only two days the gassing of an­ Congress to amend the United In his own personal war on poverty, however, LBJ was other Attica brother, Vernon Le­ States Constitution to provide "the quite successful. He started out in politics almost penniless. franque. The gas filtered throughout unborn" with equal protection under Tl).rough his efforts in public office he amassed a fortune our cells for the following days. We the Fourteenth Amendment. of more than $20-million. want the people to know what is Question: Who anointed as super­ Accounts in the capitalist press would have us believe that happening to us, and we desperately gods Mr. Donovan and all the anti­ LBJ's personal "Great Society" was achieved through the down­ call on you for help. abortionists who want to force each home good business sense of Lady Bird Johnson. We urge people to write to Robert and every acorn to become an oak But one aspect of Johnson's wheeling and dealing came Henderson, Warden, Auburn Prison, tree? D. Serrotti to light shortly before Kennedy was assassinated. This scan­ 135 State St., Auburn, N.Y. 13021; or Russell Oswald, Commissioner, Long Island, N Y. dal involved Bobby Baker, an old and trusted friend of LBJ, Department of Corrections, Twin who had served as secretary to the Senate Democratic ma­ Towers Building, Auburn, N.Y. jority when Johnson was Senate majority leader. 13021. Baker had used his official position to build a substantial The Indicted Brothers Boycott narwal tusks nest egg for himself. A Senate subcommittee disclosed shady Auburn Concentration Camp In quoting from the Neiman­ dealings involving Baker and LBJ family interests in Texas. Auburn, NY. Marcus Christmas catalogue, the All in all, Lyndon Johnson did his best to defend the racist, Great Society column left out one imperialist system of capitalist exploitation. In doing so, he thing. It's something that will go great with everyone who is did well by himself and his family, too. To Leonard Woodcock concerned with preserving en­ We were dismayed to hear that you dangered species, namely a set accepted a position on Nixon's of "giant narwhal [a type of whale] "new" Labor-Management Ad­ tusks to decorate a fireplace, visory Board. The membership

6 By Any Means Necessary Baxter Smith entry or window area.... Set in bases of pewter-like metal studded with agates." $5,000 a pair: J. S. Why being Black is health hazard San Diego, Calif "F vr years Black people have been used as sort ions on the subject. Dr. Alyce Gullattee of Howard of guinea pigs. . . . First you try it in mice, then University in Washington, D. C., puts it this way: in rats, and then in Blacks-because chimpanzees "It is the health of oppression.... Social pressures are too expensive." create an enviromnent for sickness." Bargains galore These are the words of Dr. Edmund Casey, presi­ She was referring to the growing belief that the By the way, did you know dent of the National Medical Association (NMA), incidence of these diseases among Blacks has dis­ that Neiman-Marcus has a 5 & 10 a Black physician's organization. Dr. Casey was tinct social origins. Malnutrition and other general department? Five and 10 dollars, commenting on the syphilis experiment on Blacks poverty conditions have been cited as the cause. that is. in Alabama and other aspects of the medical pro­ Dr. Gullattee pointed out that a lack of well-paying E.Z. fession's attitude toward health care in the Black jobs leads to poor nutrition. Houston, Texas community. Moreover, poverty is accompanied with inability His remarks and those of other doctors .appeared to get medical treatment. This means, for example, in an article on Black health care in the Jan. 26 that an untreated sore throat can lead to rheumatic Catholic hierarchy New York Daily News. fever. Lead poisoning, a result of rundown hous­ These doctors show that U.S. Blacks are far more ing, often goes undiagnosed. "It is the most disastrous likely to die from common diseases and ailments legislation in 200 years of this than whites. The major health problem of Blacks is Dr. Norma Goodwin of New York City's Health country.... "-Catholic hypertension. This disease, which afflicts one and Hospitals Corporation stated, "Any disease diocese. in seven Blacks, claims more than 13,500 Black which is not diagnosed early and not treated takes The celibate Catholic hierarchy lives each year. Blacks are twice as likely . to get a great toll." still wishes to impose itself upon it than whites. Dr. Casey of the NMA gave an example of the women in absolute control e Blacks have twice the chance of being killed need for early evaluation. Approximately 10 per­ over their lives, their bodies. by a stroke. Stroke is the nation's third leading cent of all Black women who give birth lack pre­ What is disastrous is the cause of death. natal care, and there is no way of knowing whether power exerted by the Catholic • Infant mortality is three times higher among these women are on adequate diets. A serious lack hierarchy. Where is our Constitution Black children, and Black women during child birth of protein, in the mother's diet will almost inevitably with its law separating church have four times the chance of not making it com­ lead to infant mortality. and state? How has the Catholic pared to white women. Dr. Chester Pierce, a professor of psychiatry and hierarchy, up to this time, been • These problems and others combine to make education at Harvard University, summed it up by able to impose its dictums upon a the Black life expectancy 64.1 years. Whites can pointing out that Black people's health is adversly people, and in particular, upon expect 71 years. affected because it is harder for them to make it women? The medical profession has little knowledge of the in this racist and capitalist society. He accurately D. K. scientific causes of some of these ailments. But worse concluded, "When at birth the Black child's chances, San Francisco, Calif than that, the federal government and the medical by virtue of his skin color alone, for a long and profession aren't doing much to correct the situation. comfortable life are statistically different from the Many Black doctors, though, have strong opin- white child's, then racism is causing problems." Suggestion I enjoy The Militant very much but find you tend to repeat yourselves often. I like tne present format and particularly enjoy The Great Society. One suggestion though: I'd National Picket Line like to see you print excerpts from some of the major works of Frank LoVell Marx, Lenin, and Trotsky. I've read much of their work, but I feel there is much more to be learned. I think if we expose peo­ ple to their ideas we will be· able The rich get richer ... and richer to expose the capitalists' lies about The system in this country operates to keep poor The December 1972 issue of the Labor Depart- the "evils" of socialism. people poor and to make rich people richer. Almost ment's Monthly Labor Review reports that "anal- Keep up the good work. everyone knows this, especially those who do all ysis of Census data covering a period of steadily V.D. the hard work and get little for it. But occasionally rising incomes (1958 to 1970) shows a slight but Newton, Mass. someone studies income distribution to prove the persistent trend toward inequality." fact. Last summer a study by Letitia Upton and Nancy Using unpublished data from the Bureau of the Lyons of the Cambridge Institute showed that since Census, Peter Henle, senior specialist on labor for From a Gl in Vietnam World War II the richest fifth of U.S. families got the Library of Congress, discovered that the lowest more than the bottom three-fifths. In 1970, those paid one-fifth of all male workers received only 4.6 I sit here reluctantly in my three-fifths at the bottom were families with an an­ percent of all wage and salary income in 1970, barracks in Vietnam. I did not nual income of less than $11,000. The poorest fifth down from 5.1 percent in 1958. choose to come here, and while got $5,000 or less, mostly less. There were 10.4 During the same time span, wages and salaries here I have done all I could million such families. This means that there are still of the highest paid one-fifth increased from 38.15 to sway the apathetic to our at least 50 million people who live in dire poverty. percent to 40.55 percent. This was accounted for side. Any family with an annual income of $14,000 by a sharp increase in the number of professionals I dream of how the world could or more was in the top fifth of the population in earning $40,000 to $50,000 a year. be with an end to poverty and 1970, and this must be true today despite inflation. According to Henle, "The strong trend toward in­ thirst, ignorance and slavery, Only 5 percent got more than $24,000. equality among blue-collar occupations may have capitalism and war. The Upton-Lyons study demonstrated that from resulted ·from either of the following: 1) a flow ,.,f Though today I am just a 1958 to 1968 the rich got absolutely and relatively lesser educated youngsters to the low end of the dreamer, tomorrow I shall be an richer. The richest fifth owned 77 percent of all per­ distribution; or 2) a pattern of compensation in­ activist. I will do my best to sonal wealth in 1962- three times more than what creases within these occupations which, possibly re­ sway the masses to our side. was owned by the bottom 80 percent. flecting union wage pressures, obtained greater in­ Though I am involved in this The 1 percent at the very top own at least 25 creases for already higher paid workers." imperialist-capitalist war, I have percent of all industry and resources in this country, never forgotten that I am a and have for generations. Sixty of the richest fam­ Young people entering the labor market in hourly­ socialist. I have been proud and ilies still own and control this country. rated jobs are low paid, regardless of their formal open about it and have found Some advocates of "peoples capitalism" may dispute education. Skilled workers, protected by their unions, myself in jeopardy at times. this fact, citing the statistic that individual stock in­ have won wage raises. But wages have not kept A G.L vestors increased from 9 million in 1956 to 31 mil­ up with rising prices, and no workers are in the Vietnam lion in 1970. But the proportion of stock owned $40,000 a year bracket. The vast majority of skilled by the richest 1 percent of the population increased workers remain within the lower 60 percent wage from 69.5 percent in 1953 to 71.6 percent in 1962. range, below $11,000 per year in inflated dollars. The letters column is an open forum A more recent study shows that the trend toward This growing discrepancy between the low wages for all viewpoints on subjects of gen­ concentration of wealth in the hands of a few con­ of workers and the high rake-off by those who don't eral interest to our readers. Please tinues and affects the distribution of income among work, combined with mounting social tensions, will keep your letters brief. Where neces­ wage and salary earners. This is a necessary result force the union movement to take a closer look at sary they will be abridged. Please in­ of a system that operates for the benefit of the coupon how ana why government wage controls perpetuate dicate if your name may be used or clippers. inequality. if you prefer that your initials be used instead.

THE MILITAf'.lf/FEBRUARY 9, 1973 7 The Great Society Harry Ring

Maybe they used B-52s- Spain's dic­ to be some abuses," shrewdly ob­ The strands of history- Albany, Unfiltered- A West German scientist tator Franco and Portugal's President served Senator Harry Byrd of the N.Y., police are conducting an inten­ reports that coffm nails are equally Tomas went on a two-day bird shoot­ the Armed Services Committee. sive hunt for the hair of George Wash­ dangerous for nonusers. Prof. Ferdi­ ing party which, according to an of­ ington and other revolutionary war nand Schmidt said laboratory tests ficial Spanish announcement, bagged Hope they can swallow it- British sci­ figures. The strands, contained in confirm that the smoke and fumes 1, 791 partridges. entists are feeding cattle old newspa­ lockets, were ripped off from a revo­ from the burning end of a cigarette pers. They said that newsprint soaked lutionary-era mansion serving as a contain more cancer-producing agents museum. "These items are priceless," than the mainstream inhaled by the Long-term iD.vestment - London in water and treated with fungus is the museu;;;superintendent said. user. thieves who ignored $1,500 of cav­ wholesome and nutritious when added iar to take $500 of beef have un­ to regular feed. doubtedly been studying market trends. Taking care of business-North Carolina courts upheld the conviction of a street preacher who was offering Behind-the-lines wear and tear-More the word of god at a Winston-Salem than half the Air Force generals who shopping mall without benefit of the retired in 1971 qualified for disability permit required for such activity. The pay even though 70 percent of them preacher-permit ordinance was adopt­ were still qualifying for flight pay six ed after merchants complained street months before retiring. "There appear preaching was interfering with sales.

• Women In Revolt · Cin~ Jaquith Hire ~go-go girls' to cure job blues? Nixon's nominee for secretary of labor, Peter Bren­ Dr. Stephen Fuller, vice-president of General Mo­ ing women from oppressed nationalities. nan, recently told a Senate hearing how he would tors; and Arthur Rasmussen, president of House­ There are three Black women on the advisory deal with the alienation of assembly-line workers: hold Finance Corporation. committee. All three, as well as some of the white "Maybe we should bring in some go-go girls to women members,' attacked the report's omission dance," he commented, according to the Jan. 19 Writing in the Jan. 18 New York Times, Eileen of the special problems Black women face. De­ Wall Street Journal. Shanahan described the committee as "representing spite the fact that more than half of the Black Brennap's disgusting sense of humor leaves little a cross-section of business, labor, higher educa­ families headed by women fall below the poverty doubt about his lack of concern for the needs tion, and publishing." She added that "only a few level, the report never mentioned the words "Black," of working women. In fact, he seems to fit the of the women have reputations as militant fem­ "minority," or "poverty." bill for Nixon's purposes on all counts, not just inists." In addition, they pointed out, the report failed on women's issues. Nevertheless, Nixon!s Council of Economic Ad­ to discuss the obvious need for child-care facilities visors has run into trouble with the committee over for working women. Marina Whitman, one of Nix­ But neither Nixon nor Brennan can simply ig­ a draft presidential report on the economy. For on's appointees to the Council of Economic Ad­ nore or ridicule the dem11nds women are raising. the first time, this report includes a chapter on visors, apparently tried to dismiss this question They apparently hope to absorb the growing sen­ working women. with the excuse that more study is needed first timent for equal rights with the creation of "ad­ Shanahan reported that ,a majority of the- women to see if child-care centers might be harmful to visory bodies" on women's problems. One such on the advisory committee disapproved of the children's welfare. (What about the welfare of chil­ body is the advisory committee on the economic report. They felt it dealt with working women dren left at home alone while their mothers go role of women, which has 13 female members from the point of view of those women who work to work?) and three male members. for other than financial reasons. Nixon has had bad luck with his recent com­ The appointees include Julia Greer, vice-presi­ The women members contended that the ma­ missions. The one on population growth called dent of Communications Workers Local 4010 in jority of female workers hold jobs because they for legalizing abortion, and the one on drugs Detroit; Lenore Hershey, managing editor of La­ need the money. They cited some figures: 65 per­ urged repeal of some laws governing the use of dies' Home Journal; Queens College Professor Cyn­ cent of all women who work have husbands earn­ marijuana. It looks like he's headed for more thia Epstein; Dr. Bernice Sandler, a former mem­ ing less than $7,000 a year or no husbands at trouble with his committee on the economic role ber of WEAL (Women's Equity Action League); all. This is the case for 80 percent of the work- of women.

iLa Raza en Acc~l Miguel Pendas, How ~Ia migra' patrols the border More and more information is being uncovered Two other men at the San Ysidro station, Jo­ their ranches are considered "off limits" to inspec­ concerning the corrupt and repressive activities of seph Byrne and Walter O'Donnell, are currently tors. the Immigration Service and the Border Patrol. being tried for accepting $60,000 to allow a solid The Border Patrol also has the power to "lease These racist agencies, known as "La migra" by 24 tons of marijuana to pass through. out" to its rancher friends mexicanos it has cap­ mexicanos are charged with the task of po­ Dale Swancutt, · an assistant chief patrol agent, tured without papers. They are given the choice licing the Mexican border. was quoted in the Jan. 9 Los Angeles Times as of going to jail or working for $4 a day, about The border has existed since 1848, when the saying, "Smuggling [of mexicanos] is a big busi­ one-third the going rate for ranch hands. U.S. defeated Mexico. The peace agreement, the ness now and has escalated immensely in the last Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo, provided for free seven years. It is bigger than narcotics smuggling Mexicanas are allowed to cross the border every passage across the border to Mexicans. But these find far safer for the smugglers because of leniency day to work as maids for $10 a week in Anglo and other rights of mexicanos stipulated in the of the courts." households. treaty have been systematically violated. Last May 31 Martha Lopez, a Mexican national, The Patrol is equipped with road graders and Since Mexicans here without visas are "illegal" was arrested and then raped by border patrol­ tractors to "drag" the bank of the Rio Bravo (Rio according to U.S. law, migra officials and gringo man Kenneth Cock. The facts are reported in Grande) to spot illegal crossings. Howevw, the capitalists can exploit them mercilessly. the San Diego County Raza Unida Party News­ only time the patrolmen ever use the equipment Lower-echelon border patrolmen have been spill­ letter of July and September 1972. is to make firebreaks for their rancher friends. ing the beans recently about their superiors. It (It would be a shame if all that good hunting seems that everyday "policing~ activities of la migra Migra officials in Texas have a cozy relation­ and fishing land ever burned up.) include accepting bribes, smuggling, extortion, for­ ship with local ranchers, including Richmond Har­ This corruption makes for sloppy border con­ gery, and rape. per of Eagle Pass, who was indicted last July trol, and Federal authorities have indicated con­ Recently a San Ysidro, Calif., migra official, on charges of smuggling $1,000,000 worth of cern about it recently. I have a suggestion for Frank Castro, was convicted of forging immigra­ explosives and weapons into Mexico. them. Get rid of the Border Patrol and the Im­ tion papers. His customers sold them at exhor­ Martin Waldron, writing in the Dec. 19 New migration Service. Allow mexicanos to cross the bitant prices to mexicanos across the border. In York Times, got the story from patrolmen. He border without any restriction whatsoever, grant the last four years, acc.ording to press accounts, reports that ranchers allow border officials to hunt everyone a visa who asks for it, as is their right. he raked in more than $200,000. and fish for free on their property. In return, That would take care of corruption on the border.

8 Thieu air force continues bombing raids in S. Vietnam; U.S. bombs Laos, Cambodia By CAROLINE LUND only a minimal pretense of complying air units in Thailand and with the the war- Nixon, Johnson, Kennedy JAN. 30- Only hours after the Paris with the accords. He has Nixon's as­ Seventh Fleet in the Pacific and said: and Eisenhower," said Herbie Eh­ accords went into effect Jan. 28 it was surances of continued support, what­ 'Hanoi certainly is aware of the exis­ mann, interviewed by the New York clear that there is no peace in Viet­ ever happens. tence of these elements, where they Times in a New York bar Jan. 24. nam. "President Nguyen Van Thieu has will be deployed, and can draw some A common sentiment was expressed New York Times correspondent told his army and his administration conclusions.'" by one person who said, "I want to Charles Mohr wrote that Just as a that no territory need be conceded to Washington's attempts to prop up know why we couldn't have had the radio announcement of the beginning the Communists, that any Vietcong the corrupt Thieu regime have gone same settlement years ago." of the cease-fire came over the air in flag that flies should be torn down, to such ludicrous extremes that, as An older woman told a Times in­ Trang Bang, South Vietnam, "a 500- that anyone raising a flag should be the Times reported Jan. 26, the U.S. terviewer in Ohio, "I'm not going to pound bomb dropped from a South arrested or shot," reported Peter Kann "has swamped the South Vietnamese get excited till they quit fighting. I Vietnamese fighter plane and exploded in the Jan. 29 Wall Street Journal. Air Force with hundreds of warplanes welcome peace, but you can't trust with a shattering crash 250 yards Kann continues: "'If the flags go it can neither fly nor maintain." Most of the planes are sitting in storage hangars because the Saigon armed forces don't have enough pi­ lots who know how to use them. The Thieu prisoners Saigon air force will need some 15,000 additional personnel in order to use in grave danger and maintain the planes. Most of the Amnesty International announced training of pilots is done in the United Jan. 26 that it has grounds to fear States, paid for by U. S. taxpayers. for the safety of the political pris­ Thieu's police made it clear to some oners held in South Vietnam. "The reporters that they were ready to vio­ Vietnam peace settlement has l~e the accords to whatever extent failed to provide adequate safe­ they could get away with it. Thus guards for the estimated 100,000 New York Times reporter Craig R. civilian detainees in South Viet­ Whitney reported from Quang Tri: "A nam," the organization stated. jeep carrying this reporter, a photog­ "There is real danger that key rapher, another correspondent and a members of the South Vietnames_e driver stopped on the way back to non-Communist opposition who Hue because of the sound of a roaring are detained will be killed before battle, machine gun fire, crashing the supervisory commissions come mortars and exploding grenades at into operation." 11 A.M., three hours after the cease­ It cites "evidence that selective Gl, most Americans ore sick of the war but many distrust the government's fire. elimination of opposition members talk of 'peace.' Seventy-one percent oppose resumption of any bombing of North Viet· "A few minutes later, a jeep carrying had begun," noting that "300 pris­ nom, even if the North were to try to 'toke control' of the South. the Thua Thien province chief, Ton oners traveling on a boat from That Khiem, and the police chief Con Son to the mainland are re­ stopped on its way south. The chief ported to have been killed.:' up the highway. It was followed by up, we go in and tear them down, ripped out the photographer's film, many more bombs." and if they resist, we kill them,' one and confiscated the driver's identity The next day Mohr reported that senior official says." card. His men shot out two tires of politicians any more." A construction "South Vietnamese forces were open­ On the day the cease-fire went into the jeep." worker added, "in a year's time they'll ly ignoring the cease-fire agreement effect, the Saigon regime announced Thieu's deliberate violations of the be back fighting again somewhere in the area northwest of Saigon today, that it had received new assurances agreement were also illustrated in his else. I just don't know why." but on a relatively small scale and that the U.S. "will intervene again regime's treatment of the representa­ Another Times interviewer in Mis­ selectively." immediately" if the Saigon regime tives of the Provisional Revolutionary souri heard this comment from the The Saigon regime's use of bombers should be endangered. Sylvan Fox, Government who came to Saigon to son of a bar owner: "the war has made is a flagrant violation of the accords, writing from Saigon in the Jan. 28 participate in the Four Party Joint a negative attitude about serving in which stipulate a cease-fire in place. New York Times quoted a "well-in­ Military Commission established to the Army. When I was [draft age] The agreement permits only "un­ formed South Vietnamese official" as monitor the cease-fire. Two groups everyone was willing to fight for the armed" aircraft flights. saying that the assurance of prompt of PRG and North Vietnamese dele­ country. Hell, now everyone has to Mohr also reported that "the sounds U.S. intervention was given by Nixon gates to the Four Party commission look at each war and figure out if were forced to remain on their planes it's really worth it." because of the Thieu regime's insis­ A nationwide Gallup poll conducted tence that they fill out immigration two days after Nixon's announcement NPAC,SMC set nat'l meeting forms as if they were from another of the settlement found that although A meeting of the National Peace Action Coalition coordinating com­ country. 80 percent of Americans said they mittee and representatives of the Student Mobilization Committee took The feelings of American working were satisfied with the agreement, 50 place in New York City Jan. 27. people toward the Vietnam accords percent thought the U.S. should not The meeting decided to call for a joint steering committee meeting continue to be dominated by doubts send any more military aid to South that peace has actually been achieved Vietnam, even if the Vietnamese rebels of NPAC and SMC for Feb. 24 in Washington, D. C. The meeting will and distrust of the U.S. government gain the upper hand. be held at the Metropolitan AME Church, 1518 M St. N. W, begin­ for its entire war policy. Seventy-one percent felt the U.S. ning at noon. The joint meeting will discuss future plans for the. two "I only know four people who liked should not bomb North Vietnam organizations. again even if the North tried to take The steering committee meeting will be preceded by a picket line control of the South, and 79 percent around the White House from 10 to 11:30 a.m. to demand that the felt the U.S. should never again send U.S. withdraw completely and unconditionally from Southeast Asia. troops to aid the South. Reaction in Congress of an American B-52 bombing raid to Thieu, and also passed through After doing nothing whatsoever to could also be heard faintly from Cam­ "private" channels. stop the Vietnam war, Congress could bodia, a few miles away." "They said that if the cease-fire is breathe a sigh of relief that Nixon On Jan. 28 the Nixon administra­ violated in a blatant way, the United had supposedly ended it. On Jan. 24, tion admitted that some 100 U.S. States will intervene again im­ during a White House briefing on the planes, including B-52s, were contin­ mediately," the source told Fox. accords, Nixon was given a standing uing bombing raids in Laos following ·To reemphasize the same point ovation by members of Congress, in­ the cease-fire. This is despite the fact Nixon sent Vice-president Agnew to cluding the "doves." that the accords call for the removal of Saigon Jan. 28 to convince Thieu that, George McGovern, onetime chief all foreign military forces from Laos as Agnew's press secretary put it, dove, also did what he could to white­ and Cambodia. "we're not abandoning our friends." wash Nixon's historic crimes. Today The U. S. rulers have tried to justi­ On the same day, Deputy Assistant there is no point in "attempting to as­ fy. their continuation of the bombing Secretary of State William · Sullivan sign the blame for this tragedy," he of Laos on the grounds that the bomb­ told reporters that in the event of a said. "There is blame enough for all ing is by planes based in Thailand breakdown of the cease-fire, "there of us, and we must all help bear it." and not in Laos. In addition, how­ are no inhibitions upon us [the U. S.J," To help maintain their credibility, ever, Washington has financed through as far as U.S. military response is however, Senators Frank Church (D­ the Central Intelligence Agency an ar­ concerned. Agnew personally gave Thieu Nixon's as­ Idaho) and Clifford Case (R-N. J.) my of some 4,000 Thai troops, who According to an account in the New surances that the U.S. recognizes Saigon introduced legislation Jan. 26 that are fighting in Laos. York Times, Sullivan "pointed out as 'the sole legitimate government of would bar U. S. reentry into the war Saigon President Thieu is making that the United States would retain South Vietnam.' Continued on page 22

THE MILITANT/FEBRUARY 9, 1973' 9 skin to the wall," as Johnson defined imperialism's war aims. Washington was unable to crush the revolutionary The VIetnamese forces. Heroism of Vietnamese: There are two major reasons why revolution and Nixon's Washington was unable to accomplish this then or in the years since. The primary reason has been the Vietna­ mese people's unparalleled heroism world r~T~· and their tenacious struggle for na­ tional liberation and unification of Vietnam. What an example they have set in the face of one of the most . ferocious attacks in history! The fact that Washington has failed to crush militarily the Vietnamese lib­ eration fighters will have an impor­ tant impact on the world revolution. It demonstrates that it is possible­ even for colonial peoples in small countries- to struggle against im­ perialism. It indicates a new relation­ ship of forces in the world that makes imperialism's drive to hold the colo­ nial revolution within capitalist • bounds more difficult. The second reason derives from the first. The example of struggle the Viet­ namese set inspired a new generation of youth throughout the world. This provided the initial and most dedi­ cated cadres of a new antiwar move- ,ment, international in scope, that has had a powerful contingent within the U. S. itself. In this country, the antiwar move­ ment began as a small minofity on the campuses, came to reflect a majority of student opinion, and reached out to the broad masses of the population. Through its teach-ins, rallies, and above all, its mass demonstrations, this movement mobilized hundreds of thousands and came to reflect the anti­ war sentiments of millions. The deepen­ ing antiwar sentiment had a profound By BARRY SHEPPARD break Vietminh control in order to the masses. Scattered at first, the re­ impact on the draftee army sent to sistance became widespread by the late The signing of the Vietnam accords reestablish their authority. This set the fight the dirty war. marks a new stage in the 30-year stage for a new war of the Vietna­ 1950s. In 1960 the National Libera­ Washington was forced to take into mese people, this time against the tion Front was formed. Mter this, account the political costs of the war, struggle of the Vietnam~se masses for national and social liberation. In its French, in the context of the devel­ North Vietnam began to give sup­ internationally and at home. For most recent phase, Washington's in­ oping cold war and the Korean war. port to the rebellion in the southern example, it would have paid a very This war culminated with the Vietminh .part of the country. high price in terms of political stability tervention has made this struggle the focal point of the world struggle be­ military victory at Dienbienphu in By 1965, the civil war had reached at home, and even in the Army itself, tween imperialism and revolution. In 1954. The country was once again the point that in spite of U. S. aid­ had it forced U.S. troops to take turn, world politics is playing a key largely in Vietminh hands. The pro­ materiel, money, "special forces," and casualties on the scale that would have imperialist regime of Bao Dai was limited numbers of troops- the been necessary to defeat the Viet­ role in shaping the course of events in Vietnam. virtually nonexistent. Saigon regime was in danger of col­ namese. U.S. combat deaths at the To understand what this new stage Geneva conference lapsing. The U. S. imperialists decided rate of 100 a week came to be more to enter the conflict means, the accords have to be placed But the 1954 Geneva conference more directly. and more unacceptable to the in the overall context of the history imposed a "settlement" on the Viet­ of the war and world politics. namese that again robbed them of Beginning with resistance to Japan­ much of their victory, although not ese imperialism in World War II, the all of it. The Geneva conference suc­ Vietnamese revolution has continued ceeded in reducing the territory almost without interruption. It has under Vietminh control to what be­ paralleled and been part of the great came the Democratic Republic of upsurge of the colonial masses. Vietnam. Vietminh troops in the The colonial revolution on a world south were withdrawn to the north, scale, as in Vietnam, was given a the country was divided, and the mighty thrust forward as a result of imperialists gained time to con­ World War II. The weakening of the solidate a regime in the south. old imperialist empires and the Soviet Moscow and Peking played key roles victory against German imperialism in the Geneva conference in imposing were important factors underlying this this unjust settlement on the Vietna­ upsurge. The victory of the Chinese mese. revolution added fresh impetus, espe­ U.S. imperialism moved in to re­ cially in Vietnam. place the French, not by making South Twice the Vietnamese, under the Vietnam an outright colony, but leadership of the Vietminh, achieved through a neocolonialist policy of virtual victory throughout Vietnam­ setting up a capitalist-landlord re­ in 1945 with the collapse of the Japan­ gime in Saigon. Ngo Dinh Diem was ese empire, and again in 1954 after chosen for the job. the defeat of the French. In both in­ In the first stage, the Vietminh hailed stances, the policies pursued by Mos­ the accords, pointing to the promise cow, and then in 1954 by Moscow that elections would be held to reunify and Peking, were the key factors in the country. This helped demobilize robbing the Vietnamese of the fruits the struggle in the south, which gave of their victory. the imperialists time to build up their In the 1945-46 period, the Kremlin puppet regime. was seeking to carry out its agree­ Once this was accomplished, Diem ments with its war-time allies on the disregarded the provisions of the ac­ Nov. 15, 1969, antiwar march on Washington. The massive movement in opposition post-war division of the world. Viet­ cords concerning democracy and elec­ to U.S. intervention in Vietnam limited Washington's options. nam was to remain in the French tions. He launched a struggle to elim­ "sphere of influence." This policy led inate any opposition and to reverse Washington's escalation of the war American people. the Ho Chi Minh leadership to allow the remammg revolutionary gains proceeded cautiously, step by step, to The antiwar movement around the British troops to enter Vietnam, and made in areas formerly under Viet­ test the reaction of Moscow and Pe­ world has heightened the awareness of then a reintroduction of French forces. minh control. Especially important king. Neither effectively countered. By a section of the masses to im­ During the same period, Mao Tsetung were his efforts to reverse the land 1968, American troop strength ex­ perialism's crimes, and sensitized them was seeking to form a coalition with reform the peasants had made in such ceeded 500,000, supported by themost to react against other imperialist ad­ Chiang Kai-shek in China. areas. powerful military machine on earth. ventures. This is also true in the U.S. The French rapidly violated the ac­ Against Diem's counterrevolution, But in spite of the U. S. invasion,· The American antiwar movement cords they had signed and moved to resistance once again appeared among Washington could not "nail the coon- gave a tremendous impetus to a

10 general radicalization in this country. and Peking would be amenable to missiles and aircraft. Thieu's a1:"1ies began to crumble Attitudes of distrust toward the govern­ a deal that included a settlement in The aid given the Vietnamese was and flee before the revolutionary ad­ ment run deep. Disaffection with Vietnam was not without foundation. just enough to keep them alive and vance. The Nixon administration now capitalist authority has spilled over Both the Soviet Union and China fighting, but not enough to seriously admits that only massive U.S. inter­ to other areas. are workers states where capitalism challenge the U.S., especially in the vention in the form of bombing and This deep alienation of large masses has been overthrown: But both are air. The meager quantity of aid kept the mining of North Vietnamese ports on a question of such central impor­ saddled with a privileged bureaucratic Vietnam dependent on Moscow and saved the day for Thieu. tance as war will not be easily layer or caste. This bureaucracy de­ Peking and vulnerable to pressure The offensive again demonstrated reversed. This further ties the hands cides policy primarily on the basis from them. that Vietnamization was not enough of the imperialist policy-makers. of its own narrow interests, and not Nixon's summit meetings in Peking to preserve the Saigon regime. Poli­ Nixon threatens to intervene again on the interests of the world revolu­ in February and in Moscow in May tical pressure had to be mounted to if the struggle in South Vietnam goes tion. of last year concluded a deal that­ secure an agreement that would guar­ against Thieu. But he can only do The rulers of the Soviet Union and it is now apparent-involved the aid antee to Washington's satisfaction that so by risking massive political oppo­ the rulers of China both subscribe to of both powers in "ending the war." Hanoi's troops could not attack the sition at home. The new attitude on the Stalin's theory of "socialism in one These summits set the stage, after Saigon army. The alternative, Nixon part of Americans makes any other country," which places the national some months of relentless military threatened, would be sustained, mass­ imperialist adventure-which sooner interests of the Soviet Union, or China, and political pressure, for the Hanoi ive bombing that would "wipe ouf' or later is inevitable- more difficult as narrowly conceived by the ruling leadership to offer to "separate the North Vietnam. for Washington. bureaucratic layer, above the interests military and political questions." Moscow decided to go ahead with In 1968, caught between the tena­ of the revolution in Vietnam or any­ The actual agreements arrived at the summit meeting, stabbing the Viet­ cious resistance of the Vietnamese and where else. Both view the revolution in the summit meetings are shrouded namese in the back and twisting the the mounting antiwar sentiment at in Vietnam as small change in their in secrecy. But their broad outlines blade. Moscow refused even to draw home and abroad, imperialism efforts to secure "peaceful coexistence" are becoming more apparent. Wash­ any limit to the destruction it would decided upon a new course. with Washington. ington appears willing to recognize- permit Nixon to unleash on North After the Tet offensive, and after Vietnam. his advisers informed him that With Hanoi's spring offensive, and sending another 200,000 soldiers then Nixon's mining of the ports and would not significantly alter the mili­ bombing, the antiwar movement be­ tary situation, Johnson announced he gan to remobilize in the U. S. and would seek negotiations with the Viet­ throughout the world. Sentiment was namese. At the same time, he running strong against Nixon. It was announced his decision not to run for a propitious moment for the Soviet a second term. Union to announce it would defend These moves were designed to North Vietnam. placate antiwar sentiment. Washington But the announcement that the sum­ was also trying to buy time to con­ mit would proceed cut the ground out tinue the military pressure on the revo­ from under the antiwar movement. lutionary forces while the Saigon Masses believed that Nixon would regime was built up. now be able to end the war with Mos­ The Tet offensive had clearly demon­ cow and Peking's help. Thus, Nixon strated that the Saigon regime was in­ was able to intensify the bombing in capable of defending itself against the Indochina tremendously without fear NLF and North Vietnamese forces. of effective counteraction by Moscow, U. S. troops bore the brunt of the and without provoking a massive fighting. Until Saigon's army and antiwar response. regime could be strengthened, any While the full facts are not known, settlement of the war would be very we are justified in assuming that both dangerous from the imperialist point Moscow and Peking applied strong of view. pressure on Hanoi to settle with Wash­ Nixon took office pledging he had ington. Numerous "leaks" in Washing­ a "secref' plan to end the war. In his ton indicate this, and Brezhnev even first months in office he intensified boasted of it in a Jan. 30 speech. military pressure on the Vietnamese, North Vietnam now stood alone as and U.S. casualties mounted. Then, a state power, although it continued in the summer of 1969, he announced to enjoy the support of progressive that U. S. troops would be gradually humanity everywhere. Under the com­ replaced by a greatly beefed-up Saigon bined pressure of Washington's mili­ army. A program was launched to tary attack, Moscow and Peking's re­ strengthen the Saigon regime. fusal to provide adequate aid, and The continuation of the war, even political pressure from Moscow and in its new form, did not diminish anti­ Peking, Hanoi finally accepted the war sentiment but intensified it. The cease-fire accords under terms they promise of peace only made the war had previously rejected. more unacceptable. After a pause to These accords leave the Thieu re­ see what Nixon would do when he gime in control of the major cities, Above: Nixon greeted by Soviet Communist Party Secretary Brezhnev during trip took office, antiwar actions in 1969, keep Vietnam divided, and contain to Moscow in May 1972. Below: Nixon and Chou En-lai reviewing honor guard in 1970, and 1971 became the most mas­ other conditions Washington has Peking, February 1972. sive ever. forced on the Vietnamese. Washington's steps to extend the war The next stage in Vietnam will be to Cambodia were met by the May marked by instability. The accords 1970 student strike and mass actions. , In the course of the war, neither temporarily- the overturns of capital­ reflect the fact that the liberation forces The huge April 24, 1971, march on Moscow nor Peking adequately de­ ism that occurred after World War II have been unable to achieve national Washington came after the failure of fended the Vietnamese, politically or in North Korea, China, and Eastern liberation and reunification, and also the invasion of Laos in February militarily. They failed to form a united Europe, as well as in the Soviet that they have not been crushed. Two 1971. front on a governmental level against Union. Trade and other concessions powers continue to exist in South Viet­ The aborted attack on North Viet­ the imperialist aggression. Neither are to be granted to these countries. nam- the Saigon regime of the land­ namese forces in Laos by Saigon built an international united antiwar In return, imperialism expects the lords and capitalists, and the libera­ troops, backed by U. S. transport and action front, nor mobilized even their bureaucracies in Moscow and Peking tion forces based upon the peasants logistics, demonstrated the failure of followers throughout the world. to use their influence among the mass­ and workers. Such a situation is in­ "Vietnamization" to forge an army ca­ During Washington's step-by-step es to help prevent any further over­ herently unstable. One or the other pable of meeting the North Vietnamese escalation of the war, neither indicated turns of capitalism, including in South of these forces must eventually pre­ forces. Thus, from the imperialist that an attack on North Vietnam Vietnam. If this works in South Viet­ dominate. The outcome can only be point of view, any agreement would would be considered as an attack on nam, Washington will extend the same decided by struggle. have to preclude a full-scale test of the Soviet Union or China. This must policy -recognition of the status quo In this respect, the situation in South strength between North Vietnamese be especially emphasized in the case -to North Vietnam. Vietnam is much more explosive than and Saigon forces. of the Soviet Union, since it has the But even if the detente should suc­ just after the 1954 accords. Then, the But Hanoi and the NLF still re­ power to deter U. S. imperialism. ceed in cooling the struggle in Viet­ Vietminh forces were withdrawn to the mained adamant against any settle­ As was indicated in page after page nam for a period, it will not bring north. Now, North Vietnamese and ment of this kind, correctly pointing of the Pentagon papers, the strategists peace, either in Vietnam or in the rest NLF troops remain in control of out that it would amount to keeping in Washington would not have pressed of the world. Imperialism's long-range areas of the south. In 1954, the pro­ the Saigon regime in power. At this their attack on North Vietnam if the strategy remains not only to halt the imperialist regime was practically point, Hanoi and the NLF still de­ Soviet Union had made the same com­ world revolution, but to reverse it if nonexistent and had to be built up. manded that any settlement must in­ mitment to Hanoi that it has to East­ conditions permit. Today, Thieu's regime is armed to clude dismantling the Saigon regjme. ern Europe, for example. The struggle in Vietnam is both the the teeth. Two massive armed forces To achieve the kind of settlement The Soviet aid to Vietnam was a fly in the ointment of this scheme, face each other. Washington favored it was necessary tiny fraction of the enormous amount and the compelling reason behind Enormous problems grip South to secure the cooperation of Moscow the U. S. poured into the conflict. The Washington's willingness to seek such Vietnam. There is little industry. Agri­ and Peking. Such a deal would have Soviet Union has provided Egypt, a a deal at this time. culture, the backbone of the nation, to be part of a wider agreement with capitalist country, with more aid than is massively disrupted. the leaders of both large workers it has given North Vietnam. Not only Spring offensive The accords solve none of the social states, an agreement that would give in quantifY, but also in quality, the The weakness of Thieu's army was problems that have been at the root them certain concessions they con­ aid given Egypt has been far superior. once again revealed in Hanoi's offen­ of the war, including land reform, sidered important. While North Vietnam got the anti­ sive last spring. The offensive came political democracy, national indepen­ Washington's calculation that the quated SAM-2 missiles, for example, in between the two summit meetings, dence, and reunification. bureaucratic leaderships in Moscow Egypt received more advanced Soviet infuriating the Kremlin bureaucrats. Continued on page 22

THE MILITANT/Fi:BRUARY 9, 1973 11 Antiwar Thousands protest Viet war Glsface from London to Mexico City punitive transfer Some 40 antiwar G Is stationed at dif­ ferent posts in Germany are report­ edly being ordered back to the United States, some of them on 72 hours notice. Five of the G Is received their transfer orders last month. Transfers of the others are reportedly being staggered by the Army brass to avoid publicity. When the GI antiwar movement brought the transfers to the attention of the press, the Army admitted that the five were being ordered to the U.S. because of conduct of "possible discred­ it to the United States." What did they do? Spec. 4 Andrew Berman, 25, stationed in Mannheim, wrote three letters protesting the war to the Army publication Stars and Antiwar demonstration of 4,000 to 5,000 in Geneva, Switzerland, the largest there in decades. La Breche Stripes. All of the letters were pub­ lished. Sergeant Terry Bott, also 25, stationed in Wiesbaden, said he had From Intercontinental Press solidarity movement. So we must not, Mexico City contributed articles to a G I under­ London under any circumstances, relax our Some 600 persons defied an official ground monthly, FTA With Pride. Nearly 12,000 persons marched in solidarity." ban and an overwhelming array of Others had participated in German London on January 20 in the larg­ At the concluding rally, the represen­ police January 20 to demonstrate here antiwar demonstrations or passed out est demonstration against the war in tative of the Social Democratic party, in solidarity with the international pro­ leaflets protesting the Christmas Vietnam since 1968. A contingent of Joseph Hindels, noting especially Olof tests against the war in Vietnam. Af­ bombing of Hanoi and Haiphong, about 3,000, marching behind the ban­ Palme's statements, demanded that the ter several sharp clashes the marchers but none of the five knew of doing ner of the Indochina Solidarity Con­ Austrian government issue a strong dispersed in the face of attacks by the anything contrary to Army regula­ ference, joined demonstrators as­ condemnation of Nixon's policy. granaderos (riot troops). tions. sembled at a Trafalgar Square rally According to police reports, fifty per­ The G Is are receiving advice from organized by the British Council for sons were arrested, all of whom were the Lawyers Military Defense Com­ Peace in Vietnam. Rome later released. These included six con­ mittee in Heidelberg, which provides Together they marched to the Amer­ After the onset of the new wave of struction workers from a nearby site, free legal advice to servicemen. The ican Embassy in Grosvenor Square, bombings in Vietnam, anti-imperialist who were badly beaten by the arrest­ military rights project of the American where one participating group burned demonstrations multiplied in most ing police. The accusation was that Civil Liberties Union is also taking an effigy of Nixon. Italian cities. Powerful demonstrations they supplied rocks to the demonstra­ took place in particular in Milan and steps to see that the G Is are accord­ Many demonstrators carried signs tors. Many of the marchers were al­ Rome, initiated both by the traditional ed their rights. and banners saying "Sign Now." The so beaten up by the cops. workers' parties-which made a bloc Lawyers involved in defending the slogans of "Solidarity Till Final Vic­ five Gis told reporters that the Army's with petty-bourgeois or bourgeois cur­ The police did not spare their forces. tory" and "Out Now" were also rents- and by revolutionary-left They brought out special armored grounds for transferring the men con­ raised. groups and movements. cars, jeeps with tear-gas launchers, stituted a denial of their right to free­ The January 9 demonstration in patrols, and a large number of plain­ dom of expression. Rome was a particularly significant clothes detectives. Thousands of Meanwhile, other indications of Vienna widespread . antiwar sentiment in the success, coming on the eve of other granaderos were deployed in small On January 19, the day before U.S. Armed Forces hl!ve come to vitally important events- the January groups. In addition, several army de­ Nixon was sworn in, demonstrations light, especially since the terror bomb­ 12 general strike and the struggle tachments were hidden in the nearby were held in all the larger cities of ing of Hanoi and Haiphong. On Jan. against the national congress of the streets. Austria in support of the struggle of 19 the Air Force admitted that Cap­ neofascist movement on January 18. Two demonstrations had been the three peoples of Indochina against tain Michael Heck was not the only It was initiated by seven revolution­ called, one by the Comite de Moviliza­ American imperialism. pilot to refuse to participate in the ary-left organizations, the Fourth In­ cion pro Vietnam (Vietnam Mobi­ In Vienna, the demonstration was bombing of North Vietnam. Captain ternational, Avanguardia Operaia, lization Committee), the other by a the largest of its kind yet seen in Aus· Dwight J. Evans Jr., pilot of an F-4 Potere Operaio, Viva il Comunismo, group called Democrats in Mexico. tria. It was organized by the Indo­ Phantom fighter-bomber, has been II Comunista, the Gruppo Gramsci, On January 19, General Gutierrez china Solidaritii.tskomitee, which in­ charged with failing to obey an order and the Communist party of Italy Santos, the head of the police depart­ cludes all the anti-imperialist forces to fly a combat mission against (Marxist-Leninist). ment, issued an order banning both. from the left Social Democrats to the North Vietnam. The il Manifesto group gave its The first group, he said, included peo­ Communist party youth, the far-left Captain Evans refused to fly Dec. backing on the eve of the demonstra­ ple who had "caused trouble" before. groups, and the Gruppe Revolutioniire 18, the day Nixon ordered the raids tions, as did Lotta Continua, whose The other group was led by "foreign­ Marxisten [Revolutionary Marxist on Hanoi and Haiphong to begin. participation, however, was very ers," that is, American residents in Group, the Austrian supporters of the Also, the Air Force disclosed, two limited. Mexico. Fourth International]. other B-52 crewmen have been dis­ Between 10,000 and 12,000 per­ The Comite de Movilizaci6n pro Some 8,000 demonstrators marched charged as conscientious objectors sons, most of them young militants, Vietnam, which met on January 16 through the city, chanting slogans call­ and two others who refused to fly marched through the center of the city to plan the demonstration, included ing for an immediate end to all ag­ combat missions in Vietnam were dis­ carrying a great number of red flags more than thirty left groups and in­ gressive acts against the peoples of charged honorably. and banners. The official slogans dependent unions such as the two Indochina and for signing the nine­ In another development, an ex-heli­ were: "Oppose American imperialism Christian Democratic labor organiza­ point treaty. Other important slogans and its Italian accomplices!" "The Ital­ tions, the Union Nacional de Traba­ copter pilot, James Meade Jr., pub­ were: "Total support until the final ian proletariat shonlder to shoulder jadores (National Union of Workers) licly denounced the Vietnam war in victory," "Americans out of Vietnam, early January. Meade is classified as with the armed struggle of Vietnam and the Frente Autentico del Trabajo Laos, and Cambodia- Victory in the 100 percent disabled from wounds he until the final victory!" "The revolu­ (Authentic Workers' Front). People's War," "The Austrian trade­ tionary left supports the Vietnamese received in the war. On Jan. 2 he union federation must boycott the Revolution!" It is impossible to know how many wrote an open letter to North Viet­ American aggressors," "Nixon, we On January 7 the Rome group of persons came out for the Comite's namese politburo member Le Due don't believe a word of it- Genocide the Italian section of the Fourth In­ demonstration because considerable Tho asking "forgiveness" for his par­ is still genocide." ternational carried out an action at confusion was caused by the police ticipation in the war. In the welcoming speech, a member the international airport in this city. ban and· the concentration of repres­ Meade's letter stated that in Amer­ of the Gruppe Revolutioniire Marx­ On the main concourse, a banner was sive forces. Many protesters left be­ ica's "quest of world leadership isten said: "We must not let ourselves raised with the inscription: ''With Viet­ fore a group of 600 tried to get the through the use of its military power, be deluded by Nixon. Imperialism nam until the final victory." march started. it is dooming itself. The American never willingly releases one of its vic­ Leaflets in four languages were dis­ This was the first time since 1968 people are not evil even though our government makes_ us seem evil. . . . " tims. Even if there is a cease-fire, this tributed. Slogans against Nixon were that the g 1overnment has banned a will not mean the final victory of the inscribed on the Pan American booth. demonstration against the Vietnam revolution. What the United States will The two main dailies in the capital, war. In 1970, some 10,000 persons do to maintain the puppet clique if it one of which is an unofficial organ marched in protest against the inva­ is endangered after the cease-fire will of the Communist party, published sion of Cambodia. In 1972, a crowd depend primarily on the international reports of the action. of 20,000 came out.

12 A weekly international supplement to The· Militant based on selections from Intercontinental Press, a newsmagazine reflecting the viewpoint of revolutionary socialism.

FEBRUARY 9, 1973

[The following editorial appeared in etrated extremist groups, they have less people, into residents of miser­ the January 1973 issue of Matzpen, not been mere passive observers. On able refugee camps, Israel continues monthly organ of the Israeli Socialist the contrary, these provocateurs have to maintain ·a regime whose basic Organization (Marxist).] been the most "extreme," the most "mil­ principle was and still is national dis­ itant"; they have planted incriminating crimination against Arabs. Witch-hunt would be an understate­ "evidence" and afterwards become the The Israeli Arabs are victims· of ment in describing the hysterical Mc­ chief accusers and state witnesses. So systematic oppression: expulsions, ex­ Israeli Carthyite campaign now being con­ it was in Germany with the Baader­ propriations, administrative arrests, ducted by the Israeli press after the Meinhof group and in the United confinements, discrimination in all discovery of what it calls "the Jewish­ States with the "Weatherpeople" and spheres of life, explicit and implicit socialists' Arab Spy and Terror Network." Con­ the Black Panthers. And in Israel? racism. These are just a few aspects trary to the general opinion, we be­ of the national. oppression suffered by lieve this hysteria to be real, not fic­ Palestinians under Israeli rule. Ac­ answer titious and artificial. The Israeli Socialist Organi­ cording to the racist logic of the Zion­ ist state, the simple fact of being a For the first time since statehood, zation (Marxist) has called for newspapers are filled with sensation­ Jew grants one a certain immunity, alist" reports claiming the active par­ international support for the even if one is a member of a rev­ to Zionist ticipation of Israeli-Jews in the Pal­ struggle against the witch-hunt olutionary organization. Arab and estinian liberation struggle. It is clear and torture in Israel. It asks that Jewish members of the same organi­ that if all the detained were Arabs, individuals and organizations zation are treated differently by the witch-hunt the Israeli press and public would send telegrams or messages government. The former are arrested not have so panicked over the mat­ of protest to Prime Minister and confined; the latter go free. ter. The arrest of tens and hundreds Golda Meir, Jerusalem, Israel. Up to a point it is permissible for of so-called saboteurs and terrorists a Jew to be against the Zionist re­ (the current terms used by journal­ Copies of such protests should gime. Only when that point is ex­ istic charlatans) and their detainment be sent to ISO, P. 0. B. 2234, ceeded does brutal repression come for long years in prison shocks no­ Jerusalem, Israel. Financial down. (Recall the expulsion orders body and does not make front-page support for the ISO(Marxist) and preventive arrests used against news. campaign against the repres­ the Israeli Black Panthers, the back­ The fact that Israeli-Jews together sion can be sent to the same to-work orders, court procedures, and even military trials used against strik­ with Palestinian Arabs have been ac­ address. cused and arrested by the government ing workers- all in accordance with is the factor that accounts for the Zion­ the infamous Emergency Security Regulations.) ist establishment's panic. We know of at least one Jewish pro­ The sole source of the "facts" released vocateur who over many years has but this is nothing compared with to the public is the regime- and its seriously harmed anti-Zionist left or­ the brutal oppression that comes down oppressive tools, Shin Bet (the secret ganizations. This instigator, who is­ on Arabs who participate in political police) and the police. We do not ac­ sued calls to "action" and urged "pick­ struggle against the regime. To realize cept these "facts" and we do not be­ ing up the gun," openly slandered the extent of discrimination and po­ lieve them. Moreover, the obvious con­ many of Matzpen's members, claim­ litical oppression, it is enough to re­ tradictions in the reports from "offi­ ing that they were Shin Bet agents, call the case of the 800 Rakah (New cial sources" make it clear to all who and confused many naive youngsters Communist List) activists who were are not blinded by "the new patriotic who were taken in by his "revolution­ detained just prior to the 1969 elec­ blaze" that the Shin Bet has engineered ary" banalities. In recent months he tions, and the fact that the majority a first-class frame-up and provoca­ has been seen circulating around the of Arab members of anti-Zionist or­ tion. The police spokesmen boast that Red Front and now, while his friends ganizations are detained and admin­ Shin Bet agents had penetrated the are in prison, he is walking around istratively confined. "network" from the beginning and vig­ The "principle" is clear: What is per­ free, giving interviews to journalists ilantly observed its actions. Only ob­ mitted the Jew is forbidden the Arab, and continuing his vile farce. served? even in relation to anti-Zionist polit­ Moreover, from the political view­ It is well known that in other coun­ ical organizations. point, the government's accusation is tries, when "security agents" have pen- On the other hand, it is "natural" patently absurd. We do nof accept for Palestinians who have been ex­ it. True, there are political and pro­ propriated and oppressed under Is­ grammatic differences between the ISO raeli rule to fight against Zionism and the Red Front. The articles and and for national liberation. But when critiques of the two organizations have Jews who were born and raised in been published in their respective jour­ this country and who have been force­ nals. But their world view is b'\sed fed Zionist poison spit it up, rise up, on socialism and Marxism. And in and declare: We are fed up with Zion­ no way can socialism and Marxism· ist Israel. We are tired of oppression. be compatible with the "individualist It is up to us to abolish the Zionist terror" and "spy networks" that the regime that oppresses and expropri­ government has accused members of ates the Palestinian Arab nation and the Red Front of engaging in. leads the Israeli-Jews into the death But this is not the main question. trap of eternal war against the Arab The crucial question is: Should the masses- then the government and the struggle against Zionism be purely . Zionist establishment, imprisoned by an Arab struggle? their racist logic, simply cannot un­ Militant/John Gray The whole existence of the Zionist derstand. Many groups and individuals in the U.S. have in the past demonstrated their opposi­ regime is based on national discrim­ The mere idea that a common strug­ tion to Israeli aggression in Palestine. Now the Israeli left, including organizations of ination. After establishing the Israeli gle of Jews and Arabs against con­ anti-Zionist Jews and Arabs, are calling for international denunciation of the Zionist state on expropriated land, after trans­ quering and oppressive Zionism is regime's policies of political repression and torture. forming the Palestinians into a land- Continued on following page World Outlook W0/2

Not only is the regime easily capable of defeating such actions, it also uses Argentine elections them for its own interests by stirring - ... Zionist witch-hunt up the public against the whole anti­ Zionist left and by strengthening "na­ 2,200 work en Continued from preceding page against Zionism, imperialism, and Ar­ tional unity" consciousness. possible- even where a given organi­ ab reaction. But with the revolutionary violence [The following articles are from the zation may have an incorrect polit­ of the masses rising up against the January 12 issue of Avanzada So­ The violence of the oppressed ical line - makes the establishment aggressors and exploiters, the situa­ cialista, weekly newspaper of the Par­ shudder. against the oppressor is just, and tion is completely different. Against tido Socialista de los Trabajadores Then government spokesmen, _"lib­ therefore we support it. The struggle this, even the strongest, most pred­ (PST- Socialist Workers Party) of against oppressive and expropriating erals," and the palace guards of the atory regime with the most sophisti­ Argentina. They describe the develop­ Zionism is just, and therefore we sup­ Zionist left all band together in com­ cated means of oppression at its dis­ ment of the election campaign of the port it without reservation. However, mon denunciation of "Jews who have posal cannot stand. The revolution­ Workers and Socialist Front, which every justifiable method is not nec­ dared raise their hands against other ary objective must be the building was launched at a meeting of 2,000 essarily an effective method. We have Jews." The entire racist logic of Zion­ of the _only instrument capable of re­ workers and young people December repeated time and time again that vic­ ism is contained in this denunciation. alizing the revolutionary potential of 16. The presidential ticket fielded by tory in the anti-Zionist struggle will The government's hypocritical claim the Arab and Jewish masses of the the Workers and Socialist Front is be achieved only through revolution­ that "we should not generalize the ac­ region- the building of the regionwide Juan Coral and Nora Ciapponi for ary struggle, that is, through the con­ tions of isolated individuals to all 'left­ Leninist party, which is the indispens­ president and vice-president.] scious struggle of Jews and Arabs ist organizations"' is not based on for a Socialist Arab East. able instrument for a victorious strug­ any liberal or democratic principle. gle against imperialism, Zionism, and By the time the deadline arrived for Let's not fall into that trap. The slick Today the Arab masses and even Arab reaction. obtaining official status for lists of strategies of the government are not more so the Jewish masses are far This is a long and difficult path. candidates, the Socialist Workers par­ designed to "cleanse" and vindicate the from realizing this. Confronted with It is the path we have chosen and ty had put up candidates in twelve left. The purpose is to prove to the arrogant, seemingly victorious Zion­ from which we shall not be deterred. districts: the federal capital and the alarmed public that the detained Jew­ ism occupying the conquered territor­ In spite of the witch-hunt being carried provinces of Buenos Aires, Cordoba, ish suspects are "deviants." "If they ies and supported by the most power­ out against leftist groups in general Chubut, La Pampa, Mendoza, Misi­ are examined," declared Golda the ful imperialist force in history; con­ and against Matzpen and Siah [Is­ ones, Neuquen, Rio Negro, San Luis, Great, "it will become clear that they fronted with the decline of revolution­ raeli New Left] in particular; in spite Santa Fe, and Tucum{m. A total of are insane." This automatic response ary consciousness in the region, some of the outcries of the institutional "left," around 2,200 candidates are running is a necessity for her, as it is for the naive youths fed up with the horror, and in spite of the terror campaign for the various offices. Many of them entire Zionist establishment, both right the "deviance," the oppression, and the currently being carried out among the are not affiliated with our party but and "left." For without this "truth," a expropriation are no doubt looking Arab population against anyone not are representing the Workers' Front horrible danger for them rears its for a "shortcut." They are looking ready to become a submissive servant or the Socialist Front. head: the threat of a common Jewish­ for a way to substitute the action of of Zionism, we will intensify the anti­ In the provincial elections in Neu­ Arab revolutionarystruggle. If an or­ isolated individuals for the conscious Zionist struggle and the efforts to quen, the party is running in an al­ ganization like the Red Front jolted action of the masses. But every short­ build a Jewish-Arab proletarian party liance with the Partido Democrata Pro­ the Zionist camp out of its arrogant cut hinders and obstructs the real anti­ -the irreplaceable instrument for the gresista [Progressive Democratic par­ indifference it is easy to imagine the Zionist struggle. Against the violence defeat of imperialism and its local ty], which, on a provincial level, ac­ danger and threat that would confront of isolated individuals, the Zionist re­ lackeys- for the victory of the social­ cepted workers' candidacies, voted a socialist program, and is op~osing them in a mass Arab-Jewish struggle. gime will always come out on top. ist revolution in the Arab East. [1 the candidacy of Manrique. As we went to press, we still did not have exact statistical data on the number of candidates rul:ming in all districts. At the moment, we can re­ port the composition of the tickets in the following districts: 'The strug_gle ended too soon' In Cordoba, the candidate is the leader of SITRAC [Sindicato de Tra­ bajadores Concord- Concord Work­ ers Union], Jose Pae:l'!, together with Interview with Bangladesh guerrilla fighter the leader of the teachers union in private education, Maria del Carmen "What has happened since the lib­ Khulna who had worked for the Pak­ neous act, but that it was carried out Gonzalez. Another leader of SITRAC, eration? Around 10,000 former guer­ istani regime until its surrender. Jalil on orders from higher up." Domingo Bizzi, is a candidate for na­ rilla soldiers are sitting in jail accused signed a receiptfor the materials. A factor in the decision ·to arrest tional deputy, and an official of SI­ of various crimes. When we were The charge, he claims, is ludicrous. him would appear to be the orders TRAM [Sindicato de Trabajadores fighting the Pakistani army, they "If I had wanted to appropriate money he issued to his troops following the Materfer- Materfer Workers Union], called us terrorists and evil-doers, and to myself, I could have gotten billions Pakistani surrender. They were to Raul Suffi, is running for mayor of now we have been described the same of rupees in the region that I shoot on the spot all looters, whether Cordoba. way by the new regime. I wonder commanded during the freedom strug­ Bengali or Indian soldiers. The order In the province of Buenos Aires, who the real patriots were in Bangla­ gle. Nobody could have stopped me.", led to armed clashes between guer­ the ticket consists of Jorge Mera (a desh." The real reason he was jailed, he rillas and the Indian armed forces leader of the bank workers and a for­ The speaker, Major Jalil, was one maintains, was his sharp opposition in Khulna. mer general representative of the of the guerrilla leaders in the to the behavior of the Indian troops While Jalil was in jail in Dacca, he workers at Banco Nacion) and Ade­ Bangladesh war for independence. An both during, and especially after the reported, the prison was visited by la Mayer (the first woman to be elect- interview with him by Ingvar Oja was December war. "I can understand it Mujibur Rahman, who had recently published in the November 23 issue if soldiers in a victorious army take returned from West Pakistan. Rahman of the Stockholm daily Dagens did not even greet Jalil, the guerrilla Nyheter. leader noted, in spite of the fact that Major Jalil was arrested and thrown "it was in his name that we fought." into prison just after the end of the Jalil said that "we are thankful to war with Jlakistan. He spent a little India and don't want to be enemies more than six months in various jails of the Indian people," but he made lndependentists throughout the country, for the most clear that any "further interference" part in Jessore and Dacca. Most of would not be welcome. "If the dyna­ 1n Puerto Rican his time was spent in solitary con­ mism that existed among the guer­ finement in a Dacca jail. He was re­ rillas had been utilized, we could have legislature leased in the summer of 1972 following built up the country within two years, In the session of the Puerto Rican a secret trial. Since then he has been but that dynamism was stopped by legislature that opened January 2, in­ living what he termed an "under­ an invisible power." dependentists were represented for the ground existence" in Dacca. The reference to India, Oja ex­ first time in twelve years. Ruben Be­ Oja had come across Jalil's troops plained, was unmistakable. "In this rrios was elected to an at-large Sen­ in December 1971 during the Indo­ way," the journalist observed, Jalil "is ate seat. Two other members of the Pakistani war. "Major Jalil was pop­ echoing the statement I heard other PIP [Partido Independentista Puerto­ ular as a guerrilla leader," he wrote, guerrilla leaders in Bangladesh make: rriquefta- Puerto Rican Independence The struggle ended too soon." party], Carlos Gallisa and Luis An­ "and his fame spread even further after Major Jalil he was imprisoned." Asked about his political program, gel Torres, were seated in accordance "I was the first guerrilla soldier to J alil replied: "Socialism is definitely the with the constitutional provision guar­ be put in prison and brought to trial," watches, money, and other things they only solution to the many problems anteeing representation to minority Jalil explained. He was accused of run across," Jalil said, ''but when an facing Bangladesh. Mujibur Rahman parties winning more than 5 percent illegally appropriating two jeeps and army begins to dismantle factories and is doing his best, but that does not of the vote in general elections. The 10,000 rupees [at that time 4. 76 catry them off, then I can do nothing mean that there can be no change PIP got 5.5 percent of the November rupees equalled US $1], which he had but protest. I do not believe that this in leadership. This country does not gubernatorial vote. obtained from a civil servant in dismantling operation was a sponta- belong to just one party." 0 The small separatist delegation W0/3

'candidates enter race World news notes ed a delegate in the CAP). The can­ didate for mayor of La Plata is Ale­ Will they ban copy machines? jandro Bustos, the general representa­ The way Soviet bureaucrats treat copying machines demonstrates tive of the workers in the State Print­ how deathly afraid they are of any freedom of expression. New ing Works, and for mayor of Bahia York Times writer Hedrick Smith, in a January 19 article, reports Blanca, Doctor Luis Dragunsky. that Soviet officials see copying machines as a threat because they In Santa Fe, the gubernatorial can­ fear they are being used to reproduce writings critical of the regime. didate is a telephone worker, Jose Soviet laws prohibit the unauthorized reproduction of any litera­ Martin; and for lieutenant governor, ture whatsoever, but the bureaucrats apparently feel this isn't enough. an accountant, Carlos Mayola. A con­ Smith says that "a typical institution such as the State Public Sci­ struction worker, Oscar Gallo, is run­ entific and Technical Library in the heart of Moscow has a hand­ ning for mayor of Rosario. ful of copying machines in a special second-floor room behind doors The candidates for the governorship that are armor-plated and sealed shut with ropes and wax on week­ of San Luis and Rio Negro prov­ ends and holidays. inces (where the lieutenant governor­ "Normally, windows in such rooms have special wire grating ship is not an elective post) are, re­ over them so that copies cannot be smuggled out through win­ spectively, Doctor Jorge Manzur and dows, Soviet intellectuals said. Some of these copying rooms are Rene Casamiquela, a teacher. also said to be equipped with electronic burglar alarms, they added." Finally, two doctors, Arturo Brandt and Vicente Diaz, make up the ticket in Misiones, where the first announced candidate for national senator is a Br it is h co m p I i city i n Viet n a m w a r leader of the light and power work­ In an article in the January 12 issue of the British pacifist weekly ers, Lorenzo Fernandez. Eduardo Sorans, leader of a major strike Peace News, Ben Crow presents impressive evidence on the com­ In La Pampa, the candidates for against Chrysler Corporation, heads list plicity of Prime Minister Heath in Nixon's Christmas-season carpet­ governor and lieutenant governor are of municipal candidates in Buenos Aires. bombing of Vietnam. workers: Roberto Zapata, a railroad "One month before Christmas," Crow reports, "three weeks be­ worker, and Leonide Romero, a con­ fore the start of the bombing, residents of Newbury and Thatcham struction worker. in Berkshire began to complain thai American planes taking off Heading the list of candidates for and landing from the USAF [U.S. Air Force] base at Greenham municipal posts in the federal capital' Common were unusually and excessively noisy." are Eduardo Sorans, leader of the will be won) in order to confront the Later the USAF Third Air Force headquarters admitted that Chrysler strike (representing the liberal, populist and reformist parties. these flights were munitions shipments by C5As, the world's largest Workers' Front), Francisco Fontana It was decided to attempt to win other military cargo planes. "All these C5As," wrote Crow, "are based (PSP), and bank workers' leader Hec­ organizations to the front and to ap­ in the USA and are regularly used to fly supplies to South East tor Alvarez (the Workers' Front). prove the policy of the Front of Work­ Asia." Heading the list of candidates for na­ ers' Candidates as the best way to op­ This is not the first time that secret bomb shipments from Britain tional deputy are Ra~ames Grano, pose the various bourgeois alterna­ to Vietnam have come to light "James Fenton, writing in the New former leader of the retail clerks, and tives and to raise the need for indepen­ Statesman of June 30 [1972], revealed that large quantities of 750lb Alberto Lissarrague, general represen­ dent political action on the part of bombs were being moved through Sheerness via Zeebrugge, to tative of the insurance workers and a the workers. Vietnam. The government, after several days' incompetent stalling, compafiero of the PSP. Following the preamble, seven mo­ finally admitted that these bombs were being moved for use in tions specify the nature of the front, Vietnam." urge that it be extended to the entire Crow concludes that "it seems a fair bet that British complicity country, and set March 11, 1973, as has been much more significant for the fate of Indochina than we can easily understand." On the basis of a political document the date when the term of its provision­ signed on January 4, the Socialist al leadership will expire. At that time, Workers party and the Federal Capi­ the relations between the participating tal Federation of the Partido Social­ forces and the actions they have car­ Like the surface of the moon ista Popular [PSP- Popular Socialist ried out in common will be reevalu­ Despite a population of only 100,000 persons, Sudbury, Ontario, party] have formed a Socialist Front. ated. Both organizations will main­ is among the front-runners in the international pollution race. Pat­ A preamble in ten points establishes tain their independence as far as their rick Wallace, in a special report in the January 19 Wall Street Jour­ the need to struggle against the "Great own activities are concerned and will National Agreement" and to form a nal, says: "So complete is the environmental devastation that U.S. put up a list of candidates with the astronauts used the area to practice moon-walking." front of Argentine socialist forces that Workers' Front. Nationally, the front would be "open to all who agree on a When atmospheric conditions are right, Sudbury's nickel and will support the Coral-Ciapponi ticket. copper smelters pour "huge amounts of sulphur dioxide gas and clear, class-struggle, anti-imperialist The working out of this agreement other pollutants onto the ground, roasting local flora to a crisp." program for bringing about a social­ sets an example for all socialist forces Sudbury citizens call these incidents "fumigations." ist Argentina." The front considers it and shows that a fighting union of "Dante," Wallace writes, "would appreciate the nightly inferno of valid and essential to jointly intervene class-struggle and socialist forces can clanking rail cars disgorging their molten fire-red slag, expanding in the electoral process (even though be achieved through the workers' can­ the huge black mound of nickel-smelter residue that stretches along this is not the way in which power didates and the Workers' Front. 0 the highway into town.... Within a 25-mile radius, there is prac­ tically no vegetation, just thousands of dead tree stumps left over from widespread timber-cutting of the late 19th Century. Whenever it rains mucky silt washes into the city streets from the denuded hills. Dust-puffing smokestacks create a reddish-brown pall over the area." quickly proved an irritant in the "com- · monwealth" legislature. "They [the PIP . representatives] took the oath under Campaign for Greek pnsoners protes.t, Berrios said," according to the January 3 San Juan Star, "because ' An organization. called Greek American Solidarity is mounting they could not swear allegiance to a campaign in defense of two brothers, Alexandros and StaJ:!!is the U.S. Constitution 'nor to a co­ Panagoulis, presently held in Greek prisons. Alexandros has been lonialist constitution such as that of held in solitary confmement for more than four years and sub­ the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.'" jected to torture. His brother was arrested five months ago in an Shortly after being sworn in, the unsuccessful attempt to help Alexandros escape. PIP legislators walked out of the in­ Greek American Solidarity is asking people to sign a petition e.uguration ceremonies in protest that says: "I demand that all U.S. financial assistance to the Greek against the presence of Joaquin Ba­ dictators be stopped immediately. I urge that all organizations and laguer, the president of the Domin­ leaders, political, religious, labor, cultural and educational, express their concern about the Panagoulis brothers and demand the re­ ican Republic elected in 1966 after lease of all Greek political prisoners." Signatures appended to this his country was occupied by U. S. state~ent should be sent immediately to: Greek American Solidarity, troops. Berrios said: "Balaguer is the P. 0. Box 794, Minneapolis, Minn. 55440. heir of [the dictator Rafael Leonidas] Trujillo. He has jailed thousands of Dominican patriots and permitted the murder of dozens of members of the opposition. It was immoral of the Claridad/Miguel Rivera Governor to invite Balaguer to the Puerto Rican independence march in inauguration." 0 September 1971. World Outlook W0/4

Thus, in the long term, Nixon will have succeeded in exporting inflation and unemployment only to import an upsurge of workers' struggles. Small An end to the international recession comfort for U.S. imperialism! · In the rest of the imperialist world, By Ernest Mandel capitalist boom drew to an end. Pro­ points. Nixon exported inflation. It inflation will remain at a high level, ductive capacity expanded beyond the declined in the United States and in­ and with it the discontent and the re­ The international capitalist recession consumptive capacity created by "ef­ creased in the rest of ,the imperialist lated militancy of the workers. These seems to have ended. All the imperial­ fective demand" (that is, the buying world. ~ will combine with the structural causes ist countries, except Italy, foresee ac­ power determined by the relations of Paradoxically, in the area of trade, of class conflict revealed by May celerated growth in 1973. The three class antagonisms under capitalism). success was elusive. The deficit in the 1968- reaction against speedup, key countries of the international capi­ Conditions of excess capaCity have American balance of trade is great­ against intensification of exploitation, talist economy- the United States, appeared in a series of key sectors: er than ever. Ameri<::an imports con­ against the brutalization of assembly­ West Germany, and Japan-are ex­ coal, steel, shipbuilding, natural and tinue to increase faster than exports. line production, against management periencing a clearly ascending phase synthetic textiles, electrical home ap­ The short-term chances for a leveling authority, and against the relations in industrial production. The time has pliances, and no doubt also in the off of the American balance of pay­ of capitalist production in general. All therefore come to sketch out a pre­ automobile and electronics industries. ments deficit are hardly propitious. these phenomena have been accentuat­ liminary balance sheet of the 1969- These branches now experience only Under these circumstances the resis­ ed since the recession. They will 72 recession, to examine its specific shorter and shorter periods of expan­ tance of the USA's partner-competitors scarcely disappear with the end of the features, and to deduce some general sion, interrupted by increasingly per­ to accepting "devalued dollars" as pay­ recession. tendencies in the comprehensive devel­ sistent periods of stagnation and de­ ment for this American balance of The prospects for the international opment of capitalist economy. cline. payments deficit will increase. The dol­ capitalist economy are thus hardly The long period of expansion bol­ lar is less and less suitable for the optimistic. While it may be able to stered the militancy and organization­ role of world currency. "Confidence" rely on some new openings in the The Most Serious Recession of the al strength of the working class. The in it has been badly shaken. Eastern countries, while the agricul­ workers are not prepared to pay the Postwar Period American imperialism will continue tural crisis has been somewhat amelio­ cost of rising inflation, the only way its trade-war offensive, which will take rated by the shortage of beef in West for the capitalist system to avoid a on a pronounced protectionist charac­ The 1969-72 recession was undoubt­ Europe and by the massive grain edly the most serious experienced by very serious crisis. Hence the exacer­ ter in several areas. Nevertheless, in­ shipments to the Soviet Union and the postwar capitalist economy. The bation of on-the-job conflicts, the pro­ flation continues at full steam, and Chtila, while the prospect of an "oil volume of trading on the Wall Street liferation of strikes, of higher and with it the attempts to gain some ad­ shortage" will stimulate investment in stock exchange fell by 40 percent in higher wage demands to keep pace vantage by adjustments in the rate the energy industry, the currently be­ anticipation of the recession. This time. with the rapid rise of prices. Because of exchange (that is, by devaluations). ginning boom will not last very long. in contrast to the preceding recessions the employers have not succeeded in This growing disorder in the inter­ The pre-1967 situation will not reap­ that have occurred since 1945, nearly definitively breaking the workers' mil­ national monetary system threatens pear. Monetary, financial, and indus­ all the imperialist countries, except itancy, the rate of profit has been to halt extension of credit and of inter­ trial difficulties will combine with the France, were drawn in. Also unlike eroded by two factors: by the decrease national trade. The imperialist powers growing social tensions to make the earlier recessions, recovery came very in the rate at which capacity is uti­ will have to react. Freedom to manip­ slowly, especially in the United States lized and by the stagnation of the ulate national currencies will become 1970s as a whole a decade of slow­ and Great Britain, and was accompa­ rate of exploitation of the working increasingly limited. Already, Euro­ down of economic expansion and of nied by a persistent and even accelerat­ class. pean currencies have been "floated col­ multiplication of explosions of the ed inflation. A long-term decline in the rate of lectively." The tendency is thus toward class struggle. Certainly, the rece!?sions in the profit coinciding with an unfavorable a system under which the indepen­ January 7, 1973 United States, West Germany, and Ja­ . conjuncture usually results in bank­ dence of national governmental deci­ pan were not completely simultaneous. ruptcies and spectacular crashes. So sions on questions of monetary and There was a space of about six it was this time. Penn Central, the credit policy will be subject to greater months between the bottoming out in largest U.S. railroad; Rolls Royce, and greater constraints, which will ac­ the United States and the beginning the symbol of English capitalism; centuate the tendency to return to an of the downturn in Germany. Inter­ Montedison, the Italian chemical industrial cycle marked by simultane­ national capitalism had great need giant-all went down the drain. A ity in all countries. of these six months; without them, few other "showpieces" of internation­ the situation would have been much al capitalism, such as the U. S. air­ Recession, Inflation, Class Struggle craft companies Lockheed and Boeing, more serious than it finally was. For the first time, the 1969-72 re­ the "greats" of the Italian electrical ap­ Moreover, if the recession was se­ cession was accompanied by acceler­ pliance industry, and most of the Ger­ rious in the United States, it was less ated inflation on an international man metal trusts, came within a hair's If you think you really know what's so in West Germany. The decline in scale. More than ever, inflation re­ employment suffered by the West Ger­ breadth of crashing. Only the big going on in Ireland today, you might mains. the only way to halt the crisis man economy during the 1971-72 re­ banks continued to steadily increase try the following test: at a certain level (that is the big dif­ cession was only about half what it their profits. • What were the main topics of dis­ ference between "classical" crises and had been during the 1966-67 reces­ cussion at the recent convention of the today's recessions). But a stronger sion. Nevertheless, the slowness of re­ Trade War and Export of Inflation Official Republican movement? and stronger dose of inflation will be covery in the United States was such As is always the case during an in­ needed to do the job. The Republican e What ore the major differences be­ that most capitalist countries felt the ternational capitalist recession, inter­ tween the Officials and the Pro­ effects of the West German recession Nixon, theoretical champion of the imperialist contradictions were exacer­ visionols today? before the effects of the American re­ bated during the 1969-71 period. ''balanced budget," could end the re­ • What is the strength of the Repub­ cession had faded away. Hence the Above all, the West European powers cession only by deficit spending at licans, and the nationalist population, persistence of economic difficulties and and Japan made serious inroads into a record level in American history. of unemployment in Great Britain, positions held by American imperial­ In Great Britain industrial production in the North today? Italy, the Netherlands, Sweden, Bel­ ism since the second world war, both picked up only after an increment on e Insofar as their political outlook gium, and Australia, to mention only in trade and finance. Then, beginning the order of 25 percent in one year is concerned, what important changes a few of the countries affected by the with Nixon's August 15, 1971, speech, in the amount of currency in circula­ hove occurred in the Official ronks? repercussions. It is only now, when American imperialism passed to the tion. If you were able to answer these the United States is reaching full pro­ counterattack. Why, under these conditions, has in­ questions correctly, you probably read duction and when recovery is under Did the counterattack succeed? In the flation been able to slow down in the the United Irishman, An Phoblocht, the United States? Basically because the way in West Germany that the situa­ monetary field, the competitors of the Starry Plough; the Irish Times, and tion is beginning to ease up. American working class- under the United States were unable to get to­ several Gael ic-longuoge monthlies. The deepest causes of the recession gether and organize a collective pressure of the betrayal of the trade­ Either that, or you read Intercontinen­ have been described many times. The response. On this level American im­ union bureaucrats, who "went along" tal Press. central motive forces of the postwar perialism therefore scored some with the wage freeze imposed by Nix­ on-has allowed its standard of living If you flunked the test, we'd like to ,to be· reduced and has suffered> mas­ suggest a subscrjption to Intercontinen­ sive unemployment. In capitalist tal Press. It's the only American weekly Europe the workers' resistance to any that consistently covers movements form of incomes policy has been like the struggle to free Ireland. Be­ stronger ,and until now has prevented sides news analysis and interviews, the bourgeoisie from making the work­ Intercontinental Press regularly pub­ ers foot the bill by raising prices. lishes the documents of the struggle But this situation will hardly last itself. Send $7.50 for six months. forever. With accelerated expansion, unemployment will no doubt finally decline in the United States. Then the INTERCONTINENTAL PRESS workers will be able to take revenge P. 0. Box 116, Village Station for the "lean years" imposed on them New York, N.Y. 10014 European workers hove fought attempts by the ruling asses to m wage earners by Nixon. As soon as unemployment foot the bill for inflation. Here German metal workers demonstrate for 11 percent seriously drops, outbreaks of strikes wage increase in October 1971. can be- expected. L.A. socialists file Wide news coverage- nominating petitions Cleveland socialist By ANN WILCOX issues and prevent the candidates of LOS ANGELES, Jan. 29-The L.A. smaller parties from identifying -their municipal candidates endorsed by the party affiliation. Socialist Workers Party and the Rodriguez is scheduled to appear in mayoral campaign Young Socialist Alliance filed their at a lunch meeting of ITT employees By DUNCAN WILLIAMS east Asia and its puppet government nominating petitions last week. A min­ this week. She will also participate, CLEVELAND-"! think the antiwar in Saigon." imum of 500 signatures for each can­ along with the other mayoral candi­ movement was directly responsible for An earlier statement by Scherr wel­ didate is required, and no more than dates, in a TV program sponsored his decision not to run for reelection," coming the Supreme Court abortion 1,000 signatures may be submitted. by the League of Women Voters. The said Roberta Scherr, Socialist Work­ ruling was picked up by Associated program will he aired at prime time ers Party candidate for mayor of Press and aired on WJMO, a radio Difficulties in obtaining signatures just before -the April 3 primary elec­ Cleveland, when asked what she station popular in Cleveland's Black arose because only a limited number tion. thought about the war policies of Lyn­ community. of petition forms are issued, thus lim­ don Baines Johnson. Her remarks ap­ The Cleveland socialist campaign iting the number of petitioners who. peared in the Jan. 23 Cleveland Plain is just getting under way. The first can collect signatures at any one time. Dealer in an article entitled "Peace lead­ major event will be a Feb. 10 ban­ Also, 1. 8-million California residents ers critical of LBJ." quet at the campaign headquarters, did not vote in the presidential elec­ "Every single president in the past 4420 Superior Ave., in Cleveland. tions and are therefore no longer reg­ decade has portrayed himself as a Speakers at the banquet, in addi­ istered to vote. Gerrymandered elec­ peace candidate," she explained. "I was tion to Scherr, will include Cathy Pa­ tion districts also make it difficult to opposed to President Johnson's pol­ lumbo, a coordinator of the Cleveland tell which district people signing the icies as I am to President Nixon's." Abortion Project Coalition; Ann Weld petitions live in. Last fall the SWP presidential slate Harrington of the Cleveland Gay Ac­ Candidates who have achieved of­ of Linda Jenness and Andrew Pulley tivists Alliance; and Richard Cramer, ficial ballot status will be announced polled nearly 10,000 votes in Cuya­ a coordinator of the Cleveland Area by the city clerk's office by Feb. 7. hoga County (which includes Cleve­ Peace Action Coalition. The banquet The socialist candidates and Ida land), despite Secretary of State Ted will begin at 6:30 p.m. Tickets are Mae Willis, an independent Black can­ Brown's ruling Jenness off the bal­ $5, $3 for students. didate for city council, filed personal lot because she was "too young." Two Militant/laura Moorhead financial statemf.)nts today in connec­ Olga Rodriguez speaking at Jan. 20 anti­ SWP congressional candidates who tion with their suit against filing fees. war rally in Los Angeles. were on the ballot, Cecil Lampkin Judge David Thomas will. rule Jan. and Caryl Loeb, each polled more 31 on which municipal candidates, Sally Anderson, Young Socialist ac­ than 3,000 votes. At that time a tele­ if any, will be allowed to file without tivist running for board of education, vision news reporter referred to the paying the fee. A separate hearing received the endorsement of the SWP as the "third party" in Cuyahoga is scheduled on restrictive residency League of Gay Voters Jan. 23. This County. requirements, which the suit is also newly formed group is helping to pub­ The 1973 SWP mayoral campaign challenging. licize her campaign. It has scheduled has picked up where the 1972 cam­ This week Olga Rodriguez taped .a a special news conference for the gay paign left off. On Jan. 24, following 15-minute statement for cable TV in and feminist press to announce its Nixon's announcement of the cease­ which she blasted the undemocratic support for Anderson's candidacy. fire agreement, the Plain Dealer pub­ restrictions used to prevent many in­ This weekend Anderson will speak lished an article entitled "Ohio leaders dependent candidates from running to a Gay Activists Alliance meeting join in heralding peace." Between the for public office. She also charged and to the statewide convention of comments of Cyrus Eaton and the that the "nonpartisan" character of the the California Committee on Sexual board chairman of Goodyear Tire city elections is a device to obscure Law Reform. and Rubber, Roberta Scherr was quoted as saying: "The agreement ... will not bring peace to Indochina. The social revolution going on in Southeast Asia cannot be settled at Berkeley ~radicals' lose a conference table. There can be no real solution to the war that allows Militant/Meriwether Shepherd the U. S. to retain its bases in South- Roberta Scherr in rent control election I By JOHN VOTAVA failed to mobilize its supporters in an BERKELEY- The moderate Demo­ enthusiastic campaign. cratic slate swept all five seats in the Marty Schiffenbauer, one of the rent control board election held here slate's candidates, was quoted the day Socialist headquarters Jan. 23. The "Berkeley Five," the most after the election as saying, "Most pre­ conservative of the three slates run­ cincts that voted for rent control [last ning, polled between 15,000 and 16,- June] did not come out. We lost be­ open for San Diego race 400 votes. cause we didn't get out the radical Members of the "Gommunity Con­ vote. We didn't run a radical enough By HOLBROOK MAHN The campaign has continued to re­ trol" slate, made up of radicals and campaign, and the voters weren't ex­ SAN DIEGO, Jan. 28- The success­ ceive extensive media coverage. This liberal Democrats affiliated with the cited enough." ful opening of a campaign headquar­ past week Dork was interviewed by April Coalition, received between The voter turnout was 43 percent. political reporters from the San Diego ters and bookstore here yesterday re­ More than 50 percent of the people Union and the Union Tribune, the 10,000 and 13,300 votes. The Social­ flected the interest in the city's first in the wealthy and conservative Ber­ city's two daily newspapers. She ap­ ist Workers Party slate was credited Socialist Workers Party campaign. keley Hills turned out, while just over peared for half an hour on a local with between 300 and 550 votes. Leslie Dork, 22, a member of the 30 percent of the student areas voted. Young Socialist Alliance and the SWP, TV station and for an hour on KGB, The defeat of the "Community" slate Rent control is still not an estab­ is running for State Senate from the one of the area's most popular radio was somewhat of a surprise. One fac­ lished fact in Berkeley, and many feel stations. 38th District. tor in the election was the scare cam­ it will be an important issue in the She is scheduled to appear on Dork talked with about 50 cam­ paign the Berkeley Gazette and com­ April city council elections. Two days KFMB-TV, the CBS affiliate, for a paign supporters who came to meet munity newspapers waged, claiming after the election for rent control short interview, and on KPBS-TV, the her, pick up campaign literature, and that a victory of the ra:dical slate board, a local judge granted the land­ San Diego State University station, look at the bookstore. In a statement, would drive all landlords from the lords an injunction against any en­ for half an hour. On Feb. 8, at 7:45 she outlined the choice voters in the city and leave Berkeley a place of forcement of rent control. The land­ p.m., she will address the National 38th District are being offered: abandoned apartment buildings. At lords are arguing that the Berkeley Women's Political Caucus in San Di­ "As a socialist and an activist in the same time, the· "Community" slate rent control law is unconstitutional. the antiwar and feminist movements, ego at the gas and electric company's I offer solutions to the problems of auditorium. the 38th District that the Democratic People who are interested in further and Republican parties cannot. The campaign activities, or in making a Republican and Democratic candi­ contribution to Dork's campaign, dates all support the capitalist sys­ should contact the campaign head­ tem, which is responsible for war, rac­ quarters at 5617 El Cajon Blvd., San ism, sexism, violence, unemployment, Diego, Calif. 92105. Telephone: (714) inflation, and pollution." 582-3352.

Members of 'Community' slate in Berkeley rent board elections. More moderate Dem­ ocratic Party slate was elected.

THE MILITANT/FEBRUARY 9, 1973 13 that he has no choice but to rule in Municipal Employees (AFSCME); a Jones, national communications sec­ favor of the plaintiffs on the jurisdic­ trustee of another chapter of AF SCME; retary of the party, protested that the Judge to tional question. Kairys was also con­ and two Communications Workers cop offensive was designed to "take fident that he would grant the motion stewards at Bell Telephone. Also, the the spotlight off a highly corrupt po­ for a permanent restraining order. regional educational director of the lice force" and also to "clean up all rule on If Fisher rules in favor of the plain­ International Ladies' Garment Work­ revolutionaries or would-be revolu­ tiffs, antiwar and socialist leafletters ers' Union, an executive board mem­ tionaries off the streets." will be allowed on Fort Dix and other ber of District Union 427 of the Amal­ The new measures have put so Fort Dix military bases in New Jersey. It will gamated Meat Cutters Union, a mem­ many cops out prowling the streets also be an important precedent for ber of the Cleveland Teachers Union, similar cases throughout the country. and an organizer for Cleveland Typo­ The U. S. attorney indicated that he graphical Union Local 53. leafletting will appeal the case all the way to the In a statement adopted Oct. 15, the U.S. Supreme Court. The Supreme union women proclaimed their pur­ case Court has already considered the case pose is "to unite women in the labor once, denying by a 5-to-4 decision movement for effective action in TRENTON, N.J., Jan. 29-Federal a last-minute government motion to achieving a complete partnership with District Judge Clarkson Fisher heard stay the temporary order permitting our union brothers in order to better further testimony and legal arguments the Nov. 4 rally. That vote, however, serve the interests of all working today in the suit seeking to open Fort did not necessarily indicate how the people. Dix to antiwar and socialist leafletters. court will rule on the substance of the "Toward this end we recognize and The suit was filed in the fall of 1972 case. affirm that it is necessary for women in behalf of Linda Jenness, Andrew Kairys is handling the case on be­ to share equal rights and oppor­ Pulley, and Dr. Benjamin Spock, presi­ half of the National Emergency Civil tunities with men in employment and dential candidates who had been Liberties Committee. in the unions, and we must take initia­ barred from campaigning on the mili­ tive and accept responsibility in tary post. Joining as plaintiffs were organizing, educating and building a representatives of the Central Comit­ powerful labor movement to advance Alleged 'plot to kill cops' is used to cover tee for Conscientious Objectors our common cause. ( CCCO) and Philadelphia Resistance Cleveland "We are no longer satisfied with our up widespread police brutality in the Block who had been ejected from the base • minor role in the labor movement. community. . for handing out literature to Gis. While some of us have achieved some In a historic decision, the Third Cir­ that they are even afraid of killing un1on recognition, our aim is to educate, en­ each other. Plainclothes cops in un­ cuit Court of Appeals ruled last Octo­ courage and assist in whatever way ber that the antiwar and socialist can­ marked and private cars are supplied possible all labor women in Cleve­ with new identifying markers each day didates must be allowed to hold a women land to have more of a voice not only campaign rally on the post. A succes­ to help the cops spot each other. within their own unions, but within The possible consequences of the~e ful rally took place there Nov. 4. the entire local, state, and national Today's hearing was held to decide police-state measures for the Black fight for labor organizations." community were illustrated Jan. 27 whether the temporary restraining order issued by the court of appeals when cops shot with no warning and should be made. permanent, and killed a 16-year-old Black woman in whether the court ruling should be ERA Brooklyn, near the scene of one of By JEAN TUSSEY extended to cover the non-candidate N.Y. cops the alleged ambushes. The cops claim plaintiffs, who weren't covered in the CLEVELAND-Following failure of the young woman's companion was the lame-duck session of the Ohio State appeals court decision. carrying a sawed-off shotgun and that legislature to act on the Equal Rights According to federal statutes, the their shooting was neither accidental Amendment, supporters of the ERA launch issue at hand must be valued "in ex­ nor in self-defense but "action in the are marshaling forces to fight for rati­ cess of $10,000" before federal courts line of duty." fication in 1973. To date, 23 of the can assume jurisdiction in a case of Incid:1!nts like this are not unusual, required 38 states have ratified the attack on and illustrate the cops' attitude of measure. "shoot first, ask questions later" in One group active in the campaign the Black community. is the Cleveland Council of Union Black Women, which has been working to obtain union support for the ERA. The. Council submitted a proposal on the ERA to the Cleveland AFL­ Magee trial CIO Federation of Labor in December. ~

14 ;' Union makes gains with communitY. SUP-P-Ort Chicago teachers vote to end their strike By BOB KISSINGER duct such a strong strike was the community sup­ crease, but in absolute value, teachers' wages will CHICAGO, Jan. 29- Public school teachers here port it received, most importantly in the Black remain constant because of lost days that won't voted Jan. 25 to end their 16-day strike. The 400 community. The organization most responsible for be made up. The settlement also does not take member House of Representatives, the governing this support in the Black community was Opera­ into consideration the rise in the cost of living body of the Chicago Teachers Union (CTU), voted tion PUSH, a civil-rights organization led by the during 1972. 295 to 41 to accept the board of education's latest Reverend Jesse Jackson. Operation PUSH was or­ One provision of the 1972 contract the union contract offer. Later in the day, the ranks of the ganized more than a year ago following a split did not get removed states that all provisions of 21,000 member CTU voted by a margin of 8 to 1 in the Chicago chapter of the Southern Christian the contract are subject to the budget of the board to accept the offer. Leadership Conference (SCLC). of education. Last year, this provision enabled The union either won its original demands or The Daily Defender, a Black community news­ the board to reduce an 8 percent pay raise to made some gains in each of its eight categories paper, also supported the teachers' demands. 5.5 percent, and to cut seven days off the school of demands. The following gains were made: SCLC-PUSH forces in the past have been either year with loss of pay. e A 2.5 percent pay increase retroactive to Jan. indifferent or opposed to teachers' strikes. Teach­ The board of education negotiators announced 1, 1973. ers' strikes were wrong, in their view, regardless that they were able to meet many of the union • The extension of present maximum-class-size of how bad educational facilities were, because demands because they did not have to pay most students lost valuable schooling time. They also provisions to all schools and to all high school teachers for 12 strike days. So the teachers ended subjects starting Sept. 1, 1973. This is what was thought that strikes won very little for children. demanded at the beginning of the strike. This time the CTU, in cooperation with Opera­ • An additional $2-million for a total of $5- tion PUSH, developed "alternate schools" to pro­ million for school supplies. Classroom teachers vide educational facilities for parents who wanted Teachers in Philly & will directly control $1-million of this. to send their children to school during the strike. • Teacher participation in the implementation At the high point there were about 200 of these. of new programs. schools in operation. St. Louis still out JAN. 30- As the Philadelphia teachers strike • Retention of the three-year certification pro­ Children who wanted to attend school could enters its fourth week, negotiations between gram for full-time substitute teachers. do so without breaking the strike. In addition, the union and the board of education have e Referendum among elementary school teachers organizing these schools made it clear that the broken down. On Jan. 25 Frank Sullivan, to decide whether individual elementary schools union was striking against the board of educa­ president of the Philadelphia Federation of will adopt a restructured school day that would tion, not against parents and students. Teachers, and John Ryan, the union's chief add flexibility to teachers' daily schedules. negotiator, were convicted on contempt charges e An additional 60 minutes a week of self-di­ The value to the strike of the alternate schools for refusing to comply with an injunction to rected, duty-free preparation time for elementary was demonstrated when the board of education call off the strike. Judge D. Donald Jamieson school teachers. This is a concession from the tried to use the free-lunch program to open more gave the two union officers seven days to file original demand of one 40-minute period a day schools. The union countered by offering to use an appeal. for preparation time. the alternate schools to distribute the lunches. M­ In the meantime, the St. Louis teachers strike • A 39-week school year at no reduction in ter this proposal, the board said nothing further that began Jan. 22 shows no sign of being pay. This is a retreat from the original demand on the free-lunch program. This showed the pub­ settled soon. A court-appointed conciliator is for a 38-week school year. lic that the board was not really interested in the reported to have informed the school board One other significant gain of the strike was the children. that its proposals were "straight out of the right to .conduct a bargaining election among ele­ Operation PUSH announced at one of its strike­ nineteenth century." mentary school teacher aides so they can have support rallies that many of the alternate schools the CTU represent them if they choose. were educational successes, more so than many In addition, the board of education agreed to regular schools. up paying for some of the other gains. restore 150 adjustment teachers and 60 assistant The success of the alternate schools also raised In order to resolve the educational criSIS and principals to the positions they held before the the question of who should control public schools. develop a quality educational system, the C TU cutbacks last April. For more than two weeks, many good schools will have to raise a number of issues and de­ mands. A cost-of-living escalator clause is necessary in all contracts so that wages rise automatically with any rise in the cost of living. The union should demand the continued reduc­ tion of class size and reduction in the number of classes per teacher. This can only be accomplished if add~tional teachers are hired. The union should fight for a democratically elected school board. The present board is ap­ pointed by the mayor. IT the CTU were to win this demand, it could run its own candidates for the board, and also encourage community groups such as Operation PUSH to run candidates, in­ dependently of the Democratic and Republican par­ ties. The futility of supporting capitalist politicians can be seen from the refusal of Democratic Mayor Richard Daley and Democratic Governor Dan Walker to support the union's demands. The CTU was a strong supporter of Walker's campaign for governor. The C TU will have to fight all legislation aimed against the teachers' right to strike, and legislation that would force the union to accept binding arbi­ tration. The union should also begin to deal with major social issues. The CTU should be for women's Teachers picketing McCutcheon elementary school during Chicago strike. rights, demanding child-care facilities for teachers and aides. The union should put itself clearly on the side of students' rights, and support the During the 12 strike days,· teachers lost 6 per­ were in existence that were directly controlled by right to organize political groups in the schools, cent of their annual salaries. In order to par­ parents, students, and teachers. the right to distribute leaflets, etc. tially make up for this, the union agreed to add The demands the union won can't solve the The CTU should demand that money spent for two days to the school year and to work the five educational crisis in Chicago and the rest of the war be allocated to education, and continue to days of spring vacation. Teachers will get holi­ country. To be honest, one would have to say press for the U. S. to get out of all of Indochina. day plus regular pay for these five days. that the new contract patched up the system for The union should support the right of Black, The high morale and militancy of the teachers another year, maintaining most of the current Chicano, and Puerto Rican communities to con­ was shown by board of education statistics that standards while giving teachers a few gains. trol the schools in those communities. The union the strike was 93 percent effective. One notable disappointment was the size of the must fight against racist attacks in the schools, One of the problems of teachers' strikes in the wage "increase." A week before the strike began, such as the situation in Gage Park High School. past was the way teachers viewed themselves­ the union leadership decided on its own initia­ The CTU cannot be neutral, nor should it see as "professionals" who were different from the rest tive to reduce the proposed wage increase from teacher "security" as the major issue. of the working class. As the strike went on, and 10 percent to 2.5 percent. CTU President Robert In order to win these kinds of demands, the teachers exposed the lies of the board of educa­ Healey defended this by claiming it would take union will have to overcome the opposition of tion and the silence of both the city and state public focus off the wage issue. It represented a both the city and the state governments. By relying governments, it was refreshing to hear teachers concession to "public pressure" that teachers are on the strength of the union, and its allies in the talk of "the next move of the bosses." greedy. labor movement and among the parents and the One of the reasons the CTU was able to con- The union is claiming a 2.5 percent pay in- students, this can be done.

THE MILITANT/FEBRUARY 9, 1973 15 Answer to Anti-Defamation League How Israel serves world imperialism By PETER SEIDMAN Semitism easily breeds." The ADL even goes so far as to concerns when the time is right. One In its document "Danger on the Left," The lineup of forces presented by the criticize revolutionary opponents of the such concern is the war to destroy Is­ the Anti-Defamation League(ADL) has ADL is clear. On the one hand are capitalist state of Israel for ignoring rael. , created a twisted version of reality in Israel, the U.S., and Zionism; and on "Israel's socialism and the fact that "The resolution adopted by the So­ order to justify its charge that the So­ the other the Palestinian liberation it is a political democracy born in a cialist Workers Party at its August, cialist Workers Party is "anti-Semitic." movement, the radical left, and the war of true national liberation. To 1971 convention likened the Palestin­ We have shown in previous articles anti-Semites. The ADL presents this recognize these facts would be to con­ ian guerrillas to America's enemies that the ADL takes the position that as democracy and tolerance poised tradict the romantic, simplistic image in Vietnam. And it declared: those who oppose the state of Israel, against genocide, bigotry, and vio­ and purpose now assigned to the Arab "'The mass anti-war movement has including the SWP and the Palestinian lence. guerrillas; so Israel b~comes an 'im­ sensitized large numbers of people to liberation fighters, are motivated by an­ perialist' power and the enemy of the the role of U.S. imperialism and to ti-Semitism. 'people's' war." solidarity with the colonial revolution. The Zionist argument disguises the The absurdity of this world view The expansion of these movements will real nature of the Palestinians' effort is readily apparent. It is precisely the be important factors in the increasing to win back the land stolen from them U. S. and its allies, including the Is­ growth of sentiment in solidarity with to create the Israeli state. "Danger on raeli government, that today represent the Arab revolution.'" (Emphasis add­ the Leff' distorts quotations from Al genocidal military policies. The U.S. ed.) Fateh and The Militant in order to war against the people of Southeast The charge that the Trotskyists"dom­ make a case for this point of view. Asia ranks with Hitler's policy of ex­ inate" the antiwar movement in order The Zionists maintain that Israel termination of the Jews of Europe in to "exploir antiwar sentiment is utter­ i~ a secure and hecessary haven for its unmitigated savagery. The govern­ ly false and absurd, as is the claim Jews in this world. But they do not ment of Israel is one of the dminish­ that the Vietnamese revolutionaries are confront the socialist argument that ing number of powers that support the "enemy" of the American people. Israel, whose existence is based on the this war. The logical outcome of the ADL's conquest of the majority by a minority Perhaps for this reason, "Danger on Zionist position is a program of red­ and which must protect this conquest the Leff' contains a lengthy section baiting the antiwar movement; sup­ by reliance on imperialism, represents aimed at red-baiting and attacking porting U. S. aggression in Vietnam; a dangerous trap for theJewishpeople. the U.S. antiwar movement. It is iron­ defending the capitalist system, which While revolutionists urge the Jewish ic that the ADL, which insists that today is the major source of anti­ people to unite with oppressed Palestin­ the state of Israel is necessary so that Semitism in the world; and cheerlead­ ians and other oppressed peoples in the Jewish people will never again ing for the military expansion of the struggle against capitalism and im­ suffer as they did at the hands of Israeli state. perialism, the Zionists urge reliance Hitler's Germany, attacks a movement It is no wonder that as more and on these reactionary forces. in this country that is fighting to stop more young Jews begin to sympathize In "Danger on the Left," the ADL the U.S. policy of genocide in Indo­ with the struggles of oppressed people says that "political extremism- that of china. around the world, they find themselves the Left as well as that of the more Referring to the SWP and the Young joining and supporting causes and familiar Right- presents a dire and Socialist Alliance, "Danger on the Lefr movements that put them at odds with continuing threat to Jewish security. declares: "The Trotskyists have op­ the international political stance of the "The extremists' anti-Israel war is posed the injection of issues other than Israeli government and the Zionist only one aspect of the peril they present Vietnam into the programs of the Na­ organizations. to the Jewish community. Their funda­ tional Peace Action Co ali ton ( NPAC) This has been the case with Jews mental struggle is against the demo­ and the Student Mobilization Commit­ who support the antiwar movement, cratic system and those liberal values tee to End the War in Vietnam (SMC), and it has been true of many Jews that have afforded safety and oppor­ the two anti-war groups they dominate. who have become supporters of the tunity to an historically beleaguered Militant/Dave Wulp They fear that the injection of other Black liberation struggle in the U.S. minority people. The creation of social ADL attacks the antiwar movement on the issues would divide their hard-won co­ and other struggles for self-determina­ ferment, including the condoning, the grounds that 'influential leaders on the alition and lose them the allies and tion around the world. advocacy and even the use of violence, Far left have already urged that the anti­ the following they have acquired by And, despite the ADL's attempts to·· is the tactic of their 'revolution,' and war organization be used as the nucleus exploiting the widespread opposition spread "Anti-Semitism" slanders, young it is in revolutionary violence and of a mass movement opposing U.S. aid to the Vietnam war. But they regard Jews continue to join the very organi­ assaults against the democratic pro­ to Israel. ... ' This is an example of how the lessons, the techniques, and even zations that the ADL increasingly sub­ cess that Jewish security has been en­ Zionism I eads to support of imperialist the loyalties garnered in the anti-war jects to attack -the Socialist Workers dangered and in which overt anti- wars. movement as 'transferrable' to other Party and the Young Socialist Alliance.

Kitty Hawk sailor acquitted, others still face trial By MARILEE SAVAGE trial hearing. blames the Kitty Hawk and Constel­ that racism does not exist in the Navy SAN DIEGO, Jan. 26- Six of the 24 An 18-year-old white sailor from lation incidents on "permissiveness" to any large extent. They are wrong. Black saHors charged with riot and the Kitty Hawk, Paul Selmen, took and a breakdown of "good order and In fact, they are so wrong that their assault aboard,the carrier Kitty Hawk the witness stand as an alleged vic­ discipline." report would be laughable if it were last October have been brought be­ tim of Glover's assaults. But Selmen not so serious." fore courts-martial in San Diego. Five denied ever being touched by Glover. Petty reported that he had spent 65 have been handed stiff fines, loss of While the trial of Glover was in days in a jail cell "knowing I was rank, and discharge; one, Arnold Pet­ progress, a special subcommittee of innocent." Eleven other Kitty Hawk ty, was acquitted. fhe House Armed Services Committee defendants remain in jail. Presently on trial is Ronald Glover, released the results of its investigation To defend the Kitty Hawk sailors 21, who is charged with rioting and of "racial violence" in the Navy. against these racist slurs from the eight counts of assault. Yesterday the Congressman Floyd Hicks (D­ Hicks subcommittee and punishment executive officer of the Kitty Hawk, Wash. ), chairman of the subcommit­ from the Navy, a Kitty Hawk defense Commander Ben Cloud, testified in tee, summarized its findings Jan. 23. committee is being formed. The com­ his behalf. "The riot on the Kitty Hawk," he said, mittee hopes to obtain the support Cloud, who is second-in-command "consisted of unprovoked assaults by and intervention of the Congressional of the ship, told of the profanity yelled a very few men, most of whom were Black Caucus, to set up an author­ at him and other Blacks on the night of below-average mental capacity, itative Black commission of inquiry of Oct. 12, 1972, and the threats to most of whom had been aboard for to counter Hicks's whitewash, and to kill them and throw them overboard. less than one year, and all of whom arrange speaking tours for the sailors Worse than the words was the ac­ were Black." who have been discharged. tual physical assault by armed Ma­ Hicks blamed last November's sit­ Special emphasis is being placed on rines, called in by Captain Marland in at the San Diego naval station Kitty Hawk officer Ben Cloud testified in mobilizing supporters to attend the Townsend Jr., the ship's commander, on "a small group of skillful agitators behalf of one Black sailor now on trial. remaining courts-martial and to picket to disperse. Black sailors meeting within the ranks of the young Black outside the 32nd Naval District. peacefully to discuss their grievances. seamen." In response to the Hicks report, Ar­ For more information or to con­ "Instead of bilaterally carrying out the The subcomrhittee report alleges that nold Petty, the acquitted sailor, issued tribute to the defense, write: Kitty orders, the Marines allowed the as­ 74 hours of private testimony in San a statement today. "The committee's Hawk Defense, cjo Black Servicemen's sembly of whites, but groups of Blacks Diego had failed to turn up a single findings are absurd and without ba­ Caucus, 3109 Imperial Ave., San Di­ were dispersed," Cloud had told a pre- case (!) of racial discrimination. It sis in fact," he said. "They believe _ego, Calif. 92102.

16 The Rodino Bill is a dire threat to are in the hands of employers, so people. That is not enough to pre­ By MIGUEL PENDAS the well-being of the Mexican and oth­ they're not afraid of regulatory leg­ vent the enactment of the Rodino Bill. LOS ANGELES- Farm bosses and er Latin American workers, and to islation. We need the support of workers of sweatshop operators in California all American workers. Actually, by supposedly placing this all races, specifically and primarily look to Mexico as a source of super­ We saw how the Dixon Arnett Law, heavy fine on the use of workers with­ of white workers in the unions, of cheap labor. One of the ways they car­ which was directed at Mexican work­ out visas, all it creates is vulnerability. Black workers in and out of the ry on their murderous exploitation ers, also affected all workers in Cali­ It keeps these workers in a situa­ unions. of workers from Mexico is to regulat~ fornia. It put in a precarious posi­ tion where they are alienated, mar­ These workers must speak out not the flow of so-called illegal aliens­ tion the ability, first, of Mexican and ginal, and permanently vulnerable to only individually with their Congress­ that is, workers without visas or work Latin American workers to defend exploitation. It keeps them in the men and their neighbors, but also . permits. When help is needed, these their wages, working conditions, and worst, most dangerous jobs-receiv­ in their trade unions. They must bring undocumented workers are permitted employability. - ing not only the lowest wages, but to the floor of the trade unions a new understanding that laws that are going to be enforced by employer­ controlled governments and agencies cannot deal with this problem. This corona hits Rodino- KennedY. bill is a problem of the system. Persons who are sympathetic are going to have to face head-on some very specious and tendentious argu­ ments that have been developed by Why all workers should proponents of this kind of legislation for many years and have taken hold in the minds of workers. One is that workers without visas­ oppose' illegal alien· laws the so-called illegal workers- steal the jobs of native-born and permanent­ resident workers. A proper answer is to slip across the border. When there that it is the corporations that steal is a labor surplus, there is a stepped­ the jobs by layoffs, speedup, auto­ up drive to deport them. mation, and by the flight of their com­ Presently on the books in Califor­ panies to more profitable places of nia- but still not being used because operation. its constitutionality is being tested in The other argument is that these the courts- is the Dixon Arnett Law. workers serve as a deterrent to the This statute is supposed to make it increase of wages and working con­ an offense for employers to knowingly ditions for native-born and perma­ hire undocumented workers. It is ac­ nent residents. On the surface this ap­ tually intended as a club against the pears to be true. highly exploited workers. But it works out to be true only Now there is an effort under way because of the repressive immigration in Washington to have Congress laws on the books. These laws are adopt a similar law for the entire the ones responsible for keeping these­ country. A bill that would make it workers in a situation where they can a federal offense for employers to be used to break down wages and working conditions. If these workers knowingly hire "illegal aliens" has al­ Militant/Walter Lippmann ready passed the House of Represen­ los Angeles demonstration demanding end to deportation of undocumented workers, were simply given their visas, point­ tatives. Known as the Rodino-Kenne­ March 1972. blank, they would be removed as a rly Bill, HR 16188 originated in the source of cheap labor. That's the an­ House Judiciary Subcommittee on Im­ swer to that argument. migration and passed the House Sept. But also it created a situation where­ even wages below the minimum stan­ Finally, there is the argument that 12, 1972. by employers could tell other non­ dards set in various states. these workers are continually being The main authors of the bill are Latin workers that they better pro­ It works in this manner. Employers brought over and used as scabs to Subcommittee Chairman Peter Rodino duce more, that they better maintain tell these workers, "We would love to break strikes of unions, particularly (D-Md.) and Senator Edward Kenne­ the speedup, that they'd better not de­ give you some work, but you know the Farm Workers Union. The only dy (D-Mass. ). ' mand too-high a wage level because we will be fined. Therefore, we are answer that can be given to this ar­ The Rodino-Kennerly Bill proposes the employers could always get ready­ very sorry, we can't help you." The gument is that what we need is not to revise the Immigration and Na­ and-willing Mexican workers to work worker, being in dire need of earning more repressive legislation to main­ tionality Act. It states, "It shall be for peanuts. money to support and feed his fam­ tain this large ready pool of exploit­ unla\\l'ful for any employer ... know­ The Rodino Bill ostensibly seeks to ily, is then willing to offer himself able workers on the border. What we ingly to employ ... any alien in the fine employers who employ workers sub rosa- clandestinely- at the low­ need is a law that will ban the re- United States who has not been law­ without visas. But the real intent, the est possible wages and the worst kind of working conditions. fully admitted to the United States hidden motive and the ominous con­ CASA is initiating a nationally co­ sequences that all of us know will Furthermore, it gives employers for permanent residence." Fines and ordinated movement to fight the imprisonment are provided for em­ result are not in the fining of employ­ who are insecure or racist an added ployers who violate it. ers. reason for not hiring any Mexican repressive immigration laws, and Drawn up by liberals, the law ap­ That is merely the smokescreen to or Latin-looking or -sounding work­ they welcome inquiries and sup­ pears to be directed against employers attract support from many quarters ers. port. Those interested should con­ and employment agencies. However, that would otherwise be opposed to They can say, "Well, I do not know tact: CASA, 2673 W. Pico Blvd., loopholes have been thoughtfully pro­ this kind of law. I'm referring specif­ whether your green card [visa] is a Los Angeles, Calif. 90006; Tele­ ically to the liberal groups, the lib­ legitimate one, and you appear to vided to make sure no boss will ever phone: {213} 487-4171 or 487- be convicted for violating this law. eral establishment, the Democratic me to be a Mexican; therefore I'd rather not take the chance." 4336. First of all, employers are no longer Party people who can find some po­ To combat the bill, all the people liable once they have asked the pro­ litical mileage in such a law. who are most affected must be or­ cruitment, hiring, and transportation spective workers to submit a signed Even employers set up laws that ganized. They are not criminals. They statement saying they are citizens or will supposedly seek to fine them. Af­ of workers, no matter where they come have constitutional rights, and they have legal documents. ter all, the agencies of enforcement from, to break strikes. have very close blood ties with U.S. Furthermore, even if the boss does To defeat the Rodino Bill, people citizens. They're making a great con­ not do this and is found to be in in the Chicano movement must unite tribution to the development and violation of the law, only a citation with their brothers in their vecindades maintenance of this country, and they will be issued. The boss has two years [neighborhoods], community organi­ have every right to organize and to to correct the situation before being zations, and campus organizations protest what is about to happen to liable to being fined. such as MECHA to launch a political them. fight at the national level. This fight The Militant spoke with Bert Co­ Beyond that the organization of this is truly a resistance against racism rona, one of the leading opponents campaign requires that all other Mex­ since most of the workers involved of these racist laws. Corona is a ican and Latin American organiza­ are Mexican and Latin American founder of CASA- Hermandad Gene­ tions, those who were born here, those workers, not white workers. ral de Trabajadores (General Brother­ who already have their visas- their It should also be pointed out that hood of Workers), an organization community organizations, churches, the Rodino Bill and the Walter-Mc­ of undocumented Raza workers. cultural organizations, political par­ Carran Act are clear violations of CASA has sponsored demonstra­ ties- all join with the workers with­ the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo tions and other activities to fight out visas in a drive to stop the en­ through which half of Mexico was against deportations. It is currently actment of the Rodino Bill. taken over by the United States in spearheading a . national campaign But even if you would organize the the Mexican War. This treaty specif­ against the Rodino-Kennedy Bill. Bert Corona speaking at May 21, 1972, entire Mexican and Latin American ically guaranteed free and unfettered The following are some of the things emergency antiwar mardi• on Washing­ community in this country, it would passage for Mexicans to visit their Corona had to say about the bill. ton, D.C. only involve some 15 to 18 million families and their places of origin.

THE MILITANT/FEBRUARY 9, 1973 17 A Militant Interview corky Gonzales= evolut By HARRY RING time the biggest bail bondsman in Colorado. He team and immediately became embroiled with the Since its founding in the mid-60s, the Denver was the first Chicano precinc-t captain in the Demo­ boxing commission. Defying a regulation that re­ Crusade for Justice has been in the forefront of cratic Party. He was Colorado chairman of the quired such teams to hire a trainer, he acted as the development of the Chicano movement. Viva Kennedy Committee, which brought out Chi­ trainer, saving the cost of hiring one. When the Among the very first to popularize the concept cano votes for the Democrats in the 1960 election. commissioners said no, he took them into court. of Chicano nationalism, the Crusade presented Then, as a successful figure in his mid-30s, he As a pro he had a manager with the unusual El Plan Espiritual de Aztlan to the movement. turned his back on the whole business and be­ habit of treating his fighters decently and trying The plan puts forward the concept of Chicanos came a movement activist, a revolutionary. The to protect their interests. The boxing commission as an oppressed people claiming as their home­ purpose of the interview was to find out what found such conduct suspect and gave him an ex­ land the entire Southwest area- Azthin- the factors shaped this unique development. ceptionally hard time. One day Corky's manager United States took from Mexico by force of arms. lost his temper and floored the secretary of the Consistent with the concept of the Chicanos as Corky was the youngest of seven children. His boxing commission. He was barred as a man­ a people fighting for their national liberation, the father had worked in the mines of Colorado and ager in the state, and so Corky found himself Crusade was perhaps the very first to project the New Mexico. A!> work became scarce, he and the boxing mainly outside Colorado. He found the need for building a Chicano party in opposition family became migrant farm hands living in Den­ travel a broadening experience. ver between seasons and in the fields of Colorado "I went to Chicago," he explained. "They put during the harvests. the Black guys in the Black Y and we lived at "Every migrant family wants one of their kids the Chicago Athletic Club. I started saying, 'Well, to go to school," Corky explained. As the youngest, wow, I'm a white man!' Only then I'd come back he was the one who got to go. and I was a Mexican. Go for a swim at the local During the school year, Corky lived with an park? Monday through Friday was for Anglos. older brother. When school let out for the summer Saturday was Mexicans' day- 'spicks' day- and he would join tqe family working in the fields. Sunday was 'niggers' day." Back in Denver for school, he would find what­ But Corky was doing well fighting. He had 24 ever work he could. straight wins and was sure he could make it. "I worked as a bindery boy in a printshop," Boxing gave him firsthand insight into the power he recalled. "I worked as a pinsetter. I worked and influence of politicians. He began figuring on the hide gangs in the packing houses. It was that if he got into politics he'd really have it made. the dirtiest, stinkiest job in the world but it paid Meanwhile, he made enough to buy a bar. One pretty good for young people. Because I was so of his brothers operated it, and he kept fighting. small, I had to put on extra clothes to look a But always there was the sense of contradiction. little heavier." "You've been through it," Corky said. "You've Working in the city and in the fields, Corkyc felt the rejection. You've seen the suffering, and still pursued his studies, skipped grades and grad­ you've been involved in it. You know what it is uated from high school at 16 in a racist school to be hungry. You know what it is to be insulted, system where most Chicanos are driven out before they're half finished. to be discriminated against, to be intimidated, to

18 ion of a Chicano leader Part of the process was establishing contact with other groups moving in a similar direction. In 1967, the Crusade people participated in a Mexican-American conference in El Paso. Later that year people came to Denver from California, Texas, and New Mexico for five days of work­ shops. In 1968, the Crusade decided to participate in the Poor People's Washington encampment. This was important, Corky explains, because it gave the Crusade contact with Black and Latino groups nationally. It also was a significant factor, he says, in giving the Chicano movement an identity nationally. In 1969, the Crusade organized the first national Chicano youth conference. Corky says they expected maybe 300 people and were-happily sur­ prised when more than 1,500 turned out. This conference adopted the Plan of Aztlan. In 1970 another conference was called, and this time more than 3,000 came. It was here that the idea of a Chicano party was projected. By then Corky was hammering at the theme that Chicanos must end all collaboration with the major parties. Demonstration at Capitol building in Denver during Chicano Youth Liberation Conference in March 1969. "Eight grains of arsenic will kill you. Four grains will kill you," he argued. ''Which is the 'lesser evil?"' Meanwhile, after holding a successful liberation The bonding business finally gave Corky the to describe the transformation occuring there. school in the summer of 1968, a permanent school opportunity to get away from the bar. "Fighting Nier recalls that period well. ''We had trouble for Chicanos was established. It runs from kinder­ damages you physically," he said. "The bar busi­ at our initial Fair Play meetings with counter­ garten through college to provide a decent formal ness damages you morally. The bar owner is in revolutionary Cubans," he told me. "Then Corky education and equally important, to educate in a business of keeping people drunk- not correcting brought some of his people down to protect the Chicano culture and politics for the purpose o( any problems." meetings. They were a very comforting sight." developing cadres for the movement. The Tlatelolco While Corky was beginning to listen to the radi­ Again, Corky was not the typical bail bondsman. school- named in memory of the Mexican students cals, he was also arguing with them. "I have to Success in that business is usually contingent on killed in Tlatelolco Plaza in 1968 by the police­ work where the people are," he recalls telling them. good relations with the police. But it was while is extremely successful. It is a major base of he was a bondsman that Corky organized·a major "And the people are in the Democratic Party. We're strength for the Crusade and La Raza Unida demonstration protesting the police murder of a all traditional Democrats." Party. It is a unique, impressive institution and Chicano. Meanwhile, another major force moved onto the will be the subject of another article. Yet he came to see the bail bond business, too, political arena and added significantly to the High point of the week is the Wednesday night process of Corky's political evolution. Like many was not his thing. "You become a leech," he says, Fishermen's meeting. Conducted regularly since "a prisoner of the capitalist system." others, he was deeply af~ected by the development 1966, these educational sessions to develop in the 1960s of the Black movement. He began Meanwhile, he was establishing himself in poli­ informed, committed political cadre explore all reading the major Black writers- Richard Wright, tics. He began by organizing Chicano votes for areas of politics. Corky is generally the principal James Baldwin. a liberal Democrat for the state senate. Establish­ speaker, but there are guest speakers as well as He followed with particular interest the develop­ ing what was then a new approach, Corky con­ reports on various conferences, activities, and so ducted a mass registration drive in the barrio. ment of Malcolm X, carefully studying all of his on. It was so effective that city officials charged it speeches. Many of Corky's later declarations on The usual attendance is 75 to 100. When an Chicano nationalism reflected the extent to which couldn't be done. They had an investigation, and action is under way as many as 300 turn out. his thinking had been influenced by Malcolm. Corky proved he had in fact registered all the In many respects these meetings are a nerve center As he read the Black writers, Corky began to people listed. for the entire Denver movement. Activists in other ask himself where the Chicano writers were. As of In 1958, Corky became Denver's first Chicano organizations and Chicano students will often at­ then he didn't find any, but he did begin to read precinct captain. He set out to change the tend when particular projects are on the agenda. about Mexico. Democratic Party. An important theme of the meetings, Corky says, A popular work on Pancho Villa led to his dis­ As a first step, he checked out the Anglo county is to imbue people with a spirit of pride in the in­ covery of the great Mexican revolutionary Zapata. committee members in his district. Most of them, dependent course they are taking. He urges them he verified, were absentees who lived elsewhere His study of Mexican history led him to digging not to be jealous of the one who has made it within but kept an address in the district to hold their for material about the Chicano in the Southwest. the system. "The reason they have him is because post. He had them removed and replaced with Chi­ His nationalist concepts began to take shape. he sells. We don't sell. We don't sell ourselves to canos. At the same time, he became an early opponent escape being brutalized, being denied jobs, being He began drawing young Chicanos into party of the racist Vietnam war. In 1964, while still a jailed, or being killed. activity. They began attending Democratic caucus Democratic Party official, he took a public stand "That's a very awesome thing for a society that's meetings with the idea of exercising some power. against the war. In 1965 he was a featured speaker used to buying. When you can't buy a human But the realities of the racist setup kept pressing at ~n antiwar rally and has actively supported the being, you don't own anything." in. They would push to get patronage for Chicanos, antiwar movement ever since. Corky Gonzales has a right to say that. He but met with little success. In Denver, the Crusade has helped build all the refused to be bought. Corky recalled one incident where the governor major antiwar demonstrations and provided moni­ promised to appoint a Chicano of their choice to tors for them. Corky was framed up and jailed a state land board. Then another Chicano put for his participation in the 1970 Los Angeles in for the job and Corky was promptly informed Chicano Moratorium, which ended with a bloody neither would get the post. police attack. "I went to see the governor," he said, "and asked, Throughout the first half of the '60s, his dis­ 'You promised to give it to this man, why aren't illusionment with the Democratic Party increased. you going to give it?' He headed several OEO projects in Denver, but "'Well, your people are fighting each other. Two static began coming from Washington. The bureau­ of them want the job.' crats expressed concern that he was placing "too "I asked how many Anglos have applied for the many Hispanos" in jobs. job. He said 46. I said, what's the difference there? In 1964 he resigned as Democratic precinct He said, that's competition. captain, but says he didn't really break with the "You begin to realize," Corky said, "that you're party until 1966. "We were still sending legislative a pimp for the man, for the establishment. You're proposals to the state house, still endorsing people, bringing in your people's votes.... You hate to that foolish kind of thing." admit that you're being used, but one day In 1966, he liquidated the bail bond business you have to look in the mirror." and turned to the work of building the Crusade And while his thinking was being influenced for Justice. by the realities of life within the Democratic Party, The original nucleus was mainly people that Corky was also being influenced by events in the Corky had activized in the Democratic Party. While world. Of particular significance was the Cuban resolving to embark on an independent course, revolution. the break with the Democrats was even then still He began reading about Cuba. He came into a process. "We started to close the door," Militant/Harry Ring contact with Harry Nier, the Denver attorney who Corky said, ''but still not entirely. As we faced Corky Gonzales was a keynote speaker at September founded a local chapter of the Fair Play for Cuba the contradictions we tried to resolve them. It was 1972 national convention of Raza Unida parties in El Committee. Nier had been to Cuba and was able a matter of politicizing ourselves." Paso, Texas.

THE MILITANT/FEBRUARY 9, 1973 19 In Review Corona Russia: 1917-1918 Sappho Habla Sappho Was A Right On Woman Bert Corona Hable del Partido by Sidney Abbott and Barbara de Ia Raze Unida y del Alarma Love. Stein and Day. New York, en Contra de los '!legales' by 1972. 250 pp. Cloth, $7.95. Bert Corona. Pathfinder Press. Many new books on homosexuality New York, 1972. 23 pp. 35 cents. have appeared in the past year, yet In light of the recent harassment and the vast majority deal mainly, if not deportation of Latin American immi­ wholly, with male homosexuals. grants in New York City by "La Mi­ Sappho (the book takes its title from gra" (Immigration Service), the pub­ the Greek poet who lived on the isle lication of a Spanish edition of this of Lesbos) is one of the first books powerful speech is particularly timely. written on lesbianism by lesbians. Ab­ This is the first pamphlet Pathfinder bott and Love are both well-known Press has published in Spanish, and activists in the gay and women's hopefully it won't be the last. liberation movements. Bert Corona is a leader of an or­ Sappho depicts the horrors of a les­ ganization in Los Angeles of "illegal bian's life in this society- the socially aliens," undocumented mexicanos and prescribed guilt and the jeopardizing Iatinos. The group is called CASA (Centro de Acci6n Social Aut6nomo -Center for Autonomous · Social Action). Books Corona's experience, both in orga­ nizing undocumented workers and in The Red Army of job, education, and family relation­ the trade-union movement, has shaped ships if one's sexual orientation is his analysis. The Morgans, the Rocke­ known. fellers, the Carnegies, and the Vander­ Year One of the Russian Revolution by Victor Serge. Trans­ The authors describe the mafia-con­ bilts, he explains, are the .ones re­ trolled bars that exploit customers but sponsible for the suffering of La Raza, lated and edited by Peter Sedgwick. Holt, Rinehart& Winston. New York, 1972. 372 pp. Cloth, $8.95. are the only available gathering place: of Chicanos, of Puertorriqueiios, of "The bars (lesbian) are usually hidden Originally published in Paris in 1930, this is the first English edition away. . . . Often the bar is not of Victor Serge's rich narrative of the first year following the vic- marked. . . . the decor is often barren Pamphlets torious Russian revolution of 1917. - and seedy: red li.ghts, wallpaper Completed in 1928, while Serge stood in disgrace in the Soviet imitating brocade, a jukebox. Prices Central and South Americans. Union as a former Left Oppositionist, the book was sent abroad for watered down drinks are high: The capitalists are the ones behind in separate and detached fragments to avoid the censors. They you pay for protection. Men some­ the imperialist ravaging of Latin considered it an uncompromising heresy against Stalin's re­ times wander in.... Some want to America that has forceq the starving writing of Soviet history. win over a lesbian, a supreme chal­ masses to seek a way out by coming A couple of years later, even Serge himself felt it necessary to lenge, positive proof of masculinity." to the U. S. They are also the ones omit the name of Trotsky from a novel on the civil war period. Sappho also discusses the im­ who pull the strings of the puppets In 1936, while he was leaving the Soviet Union after three years portance of lesbians working in the in the Democratic and Republican of exile in central Asia, the secret police seized his manuscript of women's liberation movement and de­ parties. Year Two of the Russian Revolution. votes much space to struggles against lesbian-baiting within feminist organi­ A sizable portion of Corona's speech Unlike Serge's other historical and political works, Year One zations. is devoted to explaining the Demo­ contains no autobiographical reminiscences or personal accounts. In the chapter "Curing Society," the cratic Party's history of betrayals, not Instead he draws on contemporary sources, and with the skill of authors point out that "society, by only against Chicanos, but against a novelist and journalist weaves together an accurate, colorful, and some sleight of hand, has shifted the the entire labor movement-from the fast-moving narrative. blame for its atrocities against homo­ Taft-Hartley Act to support for Nix­ The insurrection itself, which overthrew Kerensky' s procapitalist sexuals to homosexuals themselves. on's antilabor economic policies. government and brought the workers to power on Oct. 25, 1917, Clearly it is a clever trick when vic­ "We should not let ourselves be guid­ tims of injustice are made to look ed by hypocrites ... like Kennedy guilty." and Muskie," says Corona. "... it is Books While indicting society for the op­ the economic system that is to blame pression of gays, Abbott and Love for the fact that there aren't enough only marked a high point in the unfolding of the Russian revolution. tend to substitute the pursuit of jobs." It took months for the revolution to reach outlying regions. Many individual life-styles for a strategy of Perhaps the most important aspect areas were alternately under the control of the Bolsheviks or the mobilizing people to struggle against of this speech is that it argues for the counterrevolutionaries as the civil war blazed back and forth for gay oppression. need to organize independently of the the next few years. Related to this, they accept the con­ capitalist parties. Corona points to The new government immediately felt the blows of both the dis­ cept that to be a "real" feminist, one the example provided by La Raza possessed ruling classes, who hoped to restore their power, and must be a lesbian: "Lesbians live what Unida parties. of international capitalism, which saw the victory of the revolu­ Feminists theorize about they embody The speech was originally delivered tion as a threat to its own stability. Feminism." Many women in the fem­ in Spanish. An English translation Having promised to end Russia's disastrous role in World War inist and gay movements have re­ (Bert Corona Speaks on La Raza I, the Bolsheviks immediately declared peace with Germany and jected this idea, pointing out that Unida Party and The 'fllegal Alien' opened negotiations in Brest-Litovsk. Militarily weak and facing women cannot be liberated merely by Scare) is also available from Path­ civil war, the young Soviet state was forced to sign an unfavorable adopting a particular sexual pref­ finder. But to get the full flavor of peace treaty. They declared to the world that "to make peace by erence. it, those who know the language yielding to superior force is not a betrayal of proletarian inter­ What is perhaps most significant should read the Spanish edition. nationalism." At the same time the Soviets called on the German about this book is that 10 years ago - MIR TA VIDAL workers to oppose the treaty and to nullify it by overthrowing it would have been almost impossible their own ruling class. to publish such a positive view of As Serge points out in a chapter devoted to the German revolu­ lesbianism. With the rise of the strug­ tion, the German workers did overthrow the Kaiser in November gle for gay rights in the late 1960s 1918. The Social-Democrats betrayed them, however, thus cutting came the rise of new and informa­ the Soviet Union off from the aid it desperately needed. tive literature on homosexuality. The Allies, on the other hand, wanted Russia to continue in their Hopefully, more literature will be war against Germany and refused to recognize the Brest-Litovsk added to the meager collection Sappho treaty. Supplying the Czechoslovak troops who had risen against is part of. -KAREN BANCROFT the workers government and were plundering the Ural and Volga regions, engineering counterrevolutionary coups in town after town, and landing Japanese troops at Vladivostok and British troops at Archangel, the Allies hoped to quickly take Moscow and Petrograd, the two centers of the revolution. But they were held at bay, and

Militant/Harry Ring the Red Army eventually grew strong enough to drive them out. March 1972 anti-deportation demonstra­ Serge also laces his book with sketches of the leading revolution­ tion in los Angeles. arfes of 1917-1918, such as Lenin, Trotsky, Sverdlov, Dzerzhinsky, Zinoviev, Yoffe, Rakovsky, and Bukharin. No doubt, the minor role he gave to Stalin only served to further irk the censors. -ERNEST HARSCH

20 Pentagon papers trial exposes District 1 evidence suppressed by gov't demands By HARRY RING The first prosecution witness, Frank proceedings by reading from a por­ Bartimo, is a ranking Defense Depart­ tion of the secret government study, funds from LOS ANGELES, Jan. 27- The de­ fense in the Pentagon papers trial has ment attorney. In the course of his which had now been provided to him. established that the Defense Depart­ testimony, he conceded his office had The 9cerpts he read were sufficient New York ment, the Justice Department, and the set up a study group after the New to confirm that in its critical aspects, prosecution staff joined in a conspir­ York Times published previously se­ the disclosed Pentagon papers mate­ acy to illegally suppress evidence fa­ cret information from the Pentagon rial did not in any way affect "na­ school bd. papers. The purpose of the study was tional defense." vorable to defendants Daniel Ellsberg By C. M. TAVAREZ and Anthony Russo. to determine if disclosure of the ma­ Judge Byrne suspended the trial un­ terial was damaging to U. S. defense. til Jan. 30. He also ordered that two and NORMAN OLIVER With the revelation Jan. 26, Judge NEW YORK-"Your statistics never Matt Byrne suspended trial proceed­ Judge Byrne blocked defense efforts ranking officials of the Defense and to determine what the conclusion of Justice departments appear in court tell the full truth. Why can't we get ings and ordered the suppressed ma­ dollar totals about what you're plan­ terial brought into court. that study was. However, it was es­ to answer questions about the report tablished that a copy of the study and bring with them all available ma­ ning to spend school by school, so Disclosure of the existence of secret that we as parents can have a voice reports substantiating the defendants' had been furnished to prosecutor Nis­ terial relating to the case. sen's superior in the Justice Depart­ The development constitutes a stun­ about what's spent? plea of innocence was smoked out "You hide the real statistics, keep during presentation of "expert" testi­ ment. ning setback to the government effort the real money, and maintain the de­ mony by Pentagon witnesses that pub­ Asked under cross-examination if he to railroad Ellsberg and Russo to struction of our children. We want lication of the Pentagon papers had had discussed the report with Nissen, prison for making information avail­ the funds which by law belong to allegedly aided the Vietnamese "ene­ the Pentagon attorney stated he able to the American people about us!" declared Miriam Gonzalez, pres­ my" and was injurious to U. S. na­ couldn't remember. He also couldn't what was really happening in Viet­ ident of the District 1 parents coun­ tional defense. remember the names of the six people nam. cil, at a New York City board of When the trial of Ellsberg and Rus- who worked on the report. He didn't If the law were fully and properly education hearing on the 1973-1974 enforced, a prosecutor who suppressed budget. evidence favorable to the defense af­ At the beginning of the Jan. 22 hear­ ter being instructed by the court to ing at the board's downtown Brook­ produce such evidence would face lyn headquarters, about 200 parents, charges of contempt of court, perjury, teachers, students, and administrators and suppression of evidence. from District 1 demonstrated outside. Meanwhile, the Ellsberg-Russo de­ They demanded that there be no bud­ fense scored another gain in its fight get cuts and chanted such slogans against government deceit and trick­ as 'Vietnam no more, District 1 is ery. our war!" Last spring the trial was postponed District 1 is located in Manhattan's after the government inadvertently dis­ Lower East Side, and the demonstra­ closed that an unidentified member tors from this predominantly Puerto of the defense team had been the vic­ Rican community constituted the bulk of the hearing audience. tim of a government telephone tap. Early in the day-long session, Abe The government argued that the tap was on the phone of a "foreign power," Levine, vice-president of the United Federation of Teachers ( UF T), crit­ and that the monitored conversation icized the deteriorating conditions of had nothing to do with the trial. The the city school system and said more Mt:lmbers of Vietnam Veterans Against the War who have been regularly attending Supreme Court upheld th~ assertion, money was needed to develop quality Pentagon papers trial in support of defendants. In center is Ron Kovic, disabled vet­ and the trial resumed. education for all children. eran who has spoken at several antiwar rallies. Now the defense team has filed a Although Levine said the UF T had damage suit seeking compensation for initiated a coalition to fight for the so first began last spring, the defense even seem sure if he had himself read this invasion of privacy. The govern­ full funding of education, he did not made a standard motion that the pros­ it. ment moved to stay the damage trial, support the demands of the D~trict 1 ecution make available to the court The judge instructed Bartimo to find arguing that such a civil suit should parents and students. any evidence in its possession that these things out. Two days later Bar­ await the outcome of the Pentagon Luis Fuentes, superintendent of the would tend to confirm the defendants' timo said his office couldn't find the papers trial. District 1 community school board, innocence. report. He was instructed to return The defense responded that the gov­ also spoke. He dealt with the unfair to Washington to locate it and fur­ When the motion was approved, ernment had argued before the Su­ criteria used in allocating funds to nish the court a copy. He was also prosecutor David Nissen formally as­ preme Court that the tapped phone the various districts- criteria that fa­ ordered to produce all correspondence sured the court that no such evidence conversation had no relation whatso­ vor richer, white communities. He said 9~~. \ with the Justice Department on the ever to the Ellsberg-Russo trial. The the central board's "objective formula" But when the trial resumed in mid­ Pentagon papers case. court announced Jan. 26 that it agreed for determining the distribution of January, this assertion came under A week later, on Jan. 26, Judge with this argument, and the damage funds does not consider language dif­ attack. Byrne tossed a bombshell into the trial will now proceed. ficulties. The District 1 board is demanding that this be changed so that commu­ nity boards would be entitled to city The Militant Gets Around funds to finance bilingual education. The inadequate funds currently avail­ able for bilingual education are pro­ Nancy Cole vided by the federal government. Fuentes explained to the board that Despite the weather, December and "Every Saturday night at midnight, been arrested by the local police, bilingual education was essential. "If January have been good sales months when the movies are shown, I simply charges were dropped. The airport the board doesn't provide funds for for some Militant supporters, judging walk along the ticket line and inform management agreed to let us conduct bilingual education," he stated, "the by recent sales reports. One of the people of 'the radical newsweekly with 'distributions' of literature as long as community board will be forced to easiest locations at which to organize the largest circulation in the U.S.' they were informed in writing in ad­ make vacancies in its present staff sales ~ movie theaters. And with the When I make the few older people who vance." in order to hire personnel who better movie industry trying to cash in on the attend these movies aware of The San Diego Militant sellers have also serve the needs of the students." radicalization, there's no lack of films Militant's long established existence as found sales at the airport rewarding, Fuentes got a standing ovation, and geared toward antiestablishment a radical journal, they promptly buy expecially to sailors and G Is. They many of the parents who spoke after­ youth. copies." sold 144 there during December. ward echoed his remarks. Our salespeople in Catskill, N. Y.­ The Port Authority Bus Terminal Sam and Diane Chetta- write of their in New York City has proven to be sale at "Slaughterhouse-Five": "We had a fruitful place to sell regardless of Please send me a bundle of The a hunch we might do pretty well. ... weather since it's enclosed and always ------­Militant and bill me at the end of We sold seven copies of two issues of full of people. During December the each month ( 12.5¢ each; circle the The Militant and eight copies of the Upper West Side Socialist Workers size wanted): Young Socialist in no more than a Party and YSA sold a total of 160 5 10 25 other half hour! And -we probably could Militants there. Name ______have sold 50 more. So we suggest that Similarly, airports provide a busy especially when there is a war-related thoroughfare for Militant sellers- and or women's liberation movie showing, an excellent opportunity to reach Gls. Address------get out there hawking." During the summer the authorities at The Phoenix Young Socialist the San Francisco International Air­ Cicy------Alliance, which sold 171 out of their port tried to prevent people from sell­ December bundle of 175, sells ing The Militant. But, according to State Zip ______regularly at a theater showing under­ Mark Zola, "through a threatened civil 14 Charles Lane, New York, N.Y. ground films. Angelo Mercure writes, liberties suit, after several seller!! had 10014 luis Fuentes Militant/Mark Satinoff

THE MILITANT/FEBRUARY 9, 1973 21 emerge will be the quality of leader­ until after the investigation. Czechoslovak ship given them by the NLF and Councilwoman Erma Henderson ... Thieu Hanoi. was greeted with applause when she writers call Continued from page 9 What will be the position of Hanoi told the meeting, "STRESS must go. without congressional approval. Loy­ and the NLF leaders as the class The time is way past for it to leave for amnesty al administration spokesmen in the struggle unfolds in South Vietnam? the streets." Henderson criticized the From Intercontinental Press Senate vowed to fight the measure. This remains to be seen. police department's citizen complaint Some forty Czechoslovak writers It remains to be seen whether any Moscow and Peking are putting section as ineffective because it is com­ signed a petition towards the end of such legislation will ever be passed. strong pressure on the Vietnamese to posed of police personnel. Ernest 1972 requesting that President Lud­ Meanwhile, the Pentagon has ar­ contain the mass struggles that are Mazey, Detroit Civil Liberties Union ranged an elaborate scheme to hold vik Svoboda grant a Christmas am­ likely to emerge, to accept the con­ chairman, called the section a "grave­ all returned U.S. prisoners of war nesty to political prisoners. Accord­ tinuation of the Thieu regime, and yard of grievances" and a "whitewash in camps until they can be "debriefed." ing to an Agence France-Presse re­ to seek an accommodation with it operation." The Pentagon has forbidden any of port in the December 27 Le Monde, through the "National Council of Na­ One of three suspects in the Dec. the men to speak with reporters prior the petition "is continuing to cause tional Reconciliation and Concord," 4 killing of STRESS officers, Hay­ to this "debriefing~ period, no doubt a big stir in intellectual circles in which Thieu wields a veto over. If ward Brown, 18, was bound over for afraid that some might make antiwar Prague." this should occur, it will signal a ma­ trial on a total of nine charges this statements. Among the signers were the novel­ jor setback for the revolution in South week. Brown is charged with first de­ ists Ludvik Vaculik, Pavel Kohout, Vietnam. gree murder, attempted murder, and Adolf Branald, and Bohumil Hrabal; Most ominous in this regard is the arson. He was captured Jan. 11 and playwrights Vaclav Havel, Ivan final part of the accords, which gives viciously beaten by a pack of berserk ... strategy a prior stamp of approval to the up­ Klima, Josef Topol, Jan Kopecky, and cops who claimed he injured himself coming international conference that Frantisek Pavlicek; the poet Jaroslav Continued from page J J in a ''fall." will "guarantee peace" in Vietnam. Seifert; critics like Jaroslav Putik and Millions of Vietnamese have been Brown is being defended by Ken­ This conference can only bring more Svatopluk Pekarek; and the philoso­ dislocated by the war, mostly peasants neth Cockrell, a Black attorney who is pressure to bear on the Vietnamese pher Karel Kosik. forced into the cities or refugee camps. well known for his successful defense from imperialism, and from Moscow Millions will want to-and must-re­ of Blacks victimized by police .in De­ and Peking. A number of members of the new turn to their land, which will often troit. Whatever happens next in Vietnam, Union of Czech Writers also signed be in areas under NLF control. Thieu Typical of police harassment was these accords will not bring peace any the petition, but several of them with­ is attempting to resist this. The class an incident that occurred Jan. 25 when more than the 1954 Geneva accords drew their names after the union vio­ struggle in South Vietnam will con­ police descended on predominantly lently objected. The union had con­ tinue around this and other issues. did. In the aftermath of Geneva the Vietnamese masses once again, slow­ Black Chadsey High School. Claiming demned the petition a week earlier In the countryside, there remains they had a report that one of the the need to deepen the agrarian rev­ ly at first, resisted the attempt to im­ as the "provocative" work oL "a few alleged cop killers was present, they olution and extend it throughout all pose on them a proimperialist land­ individuals compromised by their ac­ surrounded the school while it was in of South Vietnam; to eliminate the lord-capitalist regime. They will do tive involvement in the preparations session. With rifles ready, they landed proprietors, usurers, big trad­ so again. for a counterrevolutionary coup searched the building and adjacent ers, and the gangster-watchdogs of d'etat in 1968." The petition, accord­ area, intimidating the Black students the Thieu regime. ing to the union, was a "campaign present. They failed to find their sus­ In the cities, there remains the strug­ organized at the instigation and with pect. the support of anti-Communist centers gle against the high cost of living, speculation, hoarding of vital goods On Jan. 22 a damage suit asking in the West that hide an inhuman ... Detroit more than $2-million was filed in hatred for the socialist system in and necessities, and exploitation of Continued from page 24 the masses by the capitalists. Wayne County Circuit Court by the Czechoslovakia behind a hypocritical Jan. 23. Those present demanded a family of 57-year-old Durwood interest in human beings." In both the cities and the country­ 60-day "cease-fire" by the STRESS side, a burning issue is the fight for Foshee. Foshee was gunned down by unit. Police Commissioner John Agence France-Presse also reported the release of the 200,000 political Detroit police Dec. 8. Nichols and Mayor Roman Gribbs that the. Czech minister of education, prisoners Thieu is holding, for po­ Police claimed they were acting on a later told the press they could not Josef Havlin, has ordered a ban on litical rights, and for complete free­ tip that Mark Bethune, one of the accept the demand to halt STRESS all publications of scientific works by dom of action for all organizations three STRESS suspects, was in activities. Nichols also denied charges any Czechoslovak scholar who was outlawed by the Saigon regime. Foshee's home. According to relatives, of harassment of Blacks by police. expelled from the Communist party Carrying out any of these struggles the police broke into his home and or ousted from the university for po­ would entail mass struggle against On Jan. 25, the Community Forums, shot him in his bed. Police claimed litical or ideological reasons. This the Thieu regime and its military and sponsored by the North Detroit Coali­ Foshee shot at them first. measure was protested in an open administrative apparatus. tion, demanded a thorough investiga­ In either case, police admit Foshee letter by Assistant Professor Frantisek tion of STRESS. The meeting, held was not guilty of any crime, unless Janouch, himself affected by the order, Leadership in All Saints Episcopal Church in defending oneself against unidentified as "unconstitutional and illegal" and a An important factor in the outcome northwest Detroit, also called for sus­ armed intruders in the night is now "violation of Czechoslovak law." of these and other struggles that will pension of appropriations for STRESS a crime. Socialist Directory ALABAMA: Tuscaloosa: YSA, P. 0. Box 5462, University, Ala. 35486.· IOWA: Cedar Falls: YSA, c/o MorkJocobsen, 2310 College St., Apt. B, OHIO: Bowling Green: YSA, Box 27, U. Hall, Bowling Green Stale ARIZONA: Phoenix: YSA, c/o Angelo Mercure, P.O. Box 890, Tempe, Cedar Falls, Iowa 50613. Tel: (319)277-2544. University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43402. Ariz. 85281 . KENTUCKY: Lexington: YSA, P.O. Box.952, University Station, Lexing­ Cincinnati: YSA, c/o C. R. Mitts, P. 0. Box 320B4, Cincinnati, Ohio 45232. CALIFORNIA: Berkeley-Oakland: SWP and YSA, 3536 Telegraph Ave., ton, Ky. 40506. Tel: (513)24.2-6132. Oakland, Calif. 94609. Tel: (415)654-9728. · LOUISIANA: Baton Rouge: YSA, c/o Craig Biggio, 10975 Sheraton Cleveland: SWP and YSA, 4420 Superior Ave., Cleveland, Ohio 44103. Chico: YSA, c/o Kathy Isabell, 266 E. Sacramento Ave., Chico, Calif.· Dr., Balon Rouge, La. 70815. Tel: (216)391-5553. 95926. MARYLAND: College Parle YSA, University P. 0. Box 73, U of Md., Columbus: YSA, c/o Daryl Drobnick, 1510 Georgesville Rd., Colum­ Los Angeles: SWP and YSA, 11071/2 N. Western Ave., Los Angeles, College Park, Md. 20742. bus, Ohio 43228. Calif. 90029. Tel: SWP-(213)463-1917, YSA-(213)463-1966. MASSACHUSETTS: Amherst: YSA, R. S. 0. Box 324, U of Mass., Amherst, Yellow Springs: YSA, Antioch College Union, Yellow Springs, Ohio Riverside: YSA, c/o Don Andrews 3408 Florida, Riverside, Calif. 92507. Mass. 0 I 002. 45387. . Sacramento: YSA, c/o Norm Holsinger, 817a 27 St., Sacramento, Coli!. Boston: SWP and YSA, c/o Militant Labor Forum, 655 Atlantic Ave., OREGON: Eugene: YSA, c/o Dave Hough, 12161/2 Lincoln, Eugene, 95816. Tel: (916)447-1883. Third Floor, Boston, Mass. 02111. Tel: SWP-(617) 4B2-B050, YSA­ Ore. 97401. San Diego: SWP and YSA, 43091/2 51 St., Son Diego, Calif. 92115. (617) 482-BOSI; Issues and Activists Speaker's Bureau (IASB) andRe­ Portland: SWP and YSA, 208 S. W. Stark, Room 201, Portland, Ore. Tel: (714)287-0787. gional Committee-(617) 482-B052; Pathfinder Books-(617) 338-8560. 97204. Tel: (503)226-2715. San Francisco: SWP, YSA, Militant Labor Forum, and Pioneer Books, MICHIGAN: Detroit: SWP, YSA, Eugene V. Debs Hall, 3737 Woodward PENNSYLVANIA! Edinboro: YSA, Edinboro State College, Edinboro, 2338 Market St., San Francisco, Calif. 94114. Tel: (415) 626-9958. Ave., Detroit, Mich. 4820 I. Tel: (313) TE1-6135. Pa. 16412. San Jose: YSA, c/o Chico Aldape, 543 S. 9th, *5, San Jose, Calif. MI. Pleasant: YSA, c/o Rich Rapers, 903 Northwest Apts., MI. Pleasant, Philadelphia: SWP and YSA, 1004 Filbert St. (one block north of Mar­ 95112. Tel: (408)286-8492. Mich. 48858. ket), Philadelphia, Po. 19107. Tel: (215) WAS-4316. San Mateo: YSA, c/o Chris Stanley, 1712 Yorktown Rd., Son Mateo, MINNESOTA: Minneapolis-St. Paul: SWP, YSA, and Labor Bookstore, RHODE ISLAND: Providence: YSA, P.O. Box 117, Annex Sta., Provi­ Calif. 97330. I University N.E. (ot E. Hennepin) Second Floor, Mpls. 55413. Tel: (612) dence, R.I. 02901. Militant Bookstore: 88 Benevolent St. Tel: (401) 331- Santa Barbara: YSA, c/o Carolyn Marsden, 413 Shasta Ln., Santa 332-7781. 1480. Barbaro, Calif. 93101. MISSOURI: Kansas City: YSA, c/o Student Activities Office, U of Mis­ SOUTH DAKOTA: Sioux Falls: YSA, c/o Deb Rogers, Box 1658, Au­ souri at Kansas City, 5100 Rockhill Road, Kansas City, Mo. 64110. gustana College, Sioux Falls, S. Oak. 57102. COLORADO: Boulder:. YSA, c/o UMC Hostess Desk, U of Colorado, St. Louis: YSA, P. 0. Box 8037, St. Louis, Mo. 63156. Tel: (314) 371- TENNESSEE: Nashville: YSA, 1214 17th Ave. S., Nashville, Tenn. Boulder, Colo. 80302. 1503. 37212. Tel: (615)292-8827. Denver: SWP, YSA, and Militant Bookstore, 1203 California, Denver, NEW HAMPSHIRE: Portsmouth: YSA, P. 0. Box 479, Durham, N.H. TEXAS: Austin: YSA and SWP, P.O. Box 7753, University Station, Aus­ Colo. 80204. Tel: (303) 623-2825. Bookstore open Mon.-Sat., I 0:30 a.m. 03824. tin, Texas 78712. Tel: (512)4~8-8602. -7 p.m. NEW JERSEY: Red Banlc YSA, P.O. Box 222, Rumson, N.J. 07760. Houston: SWP and YSA and Pathfinder Books, 6409 Lyons Ave., Hous­ CONNECTICUT: Hartford: YSA, c/o Bob Quigley, 427 Main St. *206, NEW MEXICO: Albuquerque: YSA, c/o Kathy Helmer, 9920 Leyen­ ton, Texas 77020. Tel: (713)674-0612. Hartford, Conn. 06103. Tel: (203)246-6797. decker Rd. N. E., Albuquerque, N. M. 87112. Tel: (505)296-6230. Lubboclc YSA, c/o Tim McGovern, P.O. Box 5090, Tech. Station, Lub­ New Haven: YSA, P.O. Box 185, New Haven, Conn. 06501. NEW YORK: Binghamton: YSA, Box I 073, Harpur College, Binghamton, bock, Texas 79409. Storrs: YSA, P.O. Box 176, Storrs, Conn. 06268. N.Y. 13901.)el: (607)798-4142. San Antonio: YSA, c/o P. 0. Box 774, San Antonio, Texas 78202. FLORIDA: Tallahassee: YSA, c/o Sarah Ryan, 1806 Lake Bradford Rd., Brooklyn: SWP and YSA, 136 Lawrence St. (at Will~ughby), Brooklyn, VERMONT: Burlington: YSA, c/o John Franco, 241 Malletts Bay Ave., Tallahassee, Fla. 32304. N.Y. 11201. Tel: (212)596-2849. Winooski, Vt. 05404. GEORGIA: Atlanta: Militant Bookstore, 68 Peachtree St. N. E., Third Long Island: P.O. Box 357, Roosevelt, L.l., N.Y. 11575. Tel: (516) FR9- WASHI.NGTON, D. C.: SWP and YSA, 746 9th St. N. W., Second Floor, Floor, Atlanta, Go. 30303. SWP and YSA, P.O. Box 846, Atlanta, Ga. 0289. Wash., D.C. 20001. Tel: (202)7B3-2363. 3030 I. Tel: (404) 523-061 0. New York City-City-wide SWP and YSA, 706 Broadway (4th St.), WASHINGTON: Pullman: YSA, c/o Dean W. Johnson, 1718 A St., ILLINOIS: Carbondale: YSA, c/o Lawrence Roth/Mark Harris, 505 S. Eighth Floor, New York, N.Y. 10003. Tel: (212)982-8214. Pullman, Wash. 99163. · Graham, *341, Carbondale, Ill. 62901. Lower Manhattan: SWP, YSA, and Merit Bookstore, 706 Broadway Seattle: SWP, YSJ>;, and Militant Bookstore, 5257 University Way N. E., Chicago: SWP, YSA, and bookstore, 180 N. Wacker Dr., Room 310, (4th St.), Eighth Floor, New York, N.Y. I 0003. Tel: SWP, YSA- (212) Seattle, Wash. 98105. Hrs. II o.m.-8 p.m., Mon.-Sot. Tel: (206)523- Chicago, Ill. 60606. Tel: SWP-(312) 641-0147, YSA-(312) 641-0233. 982-6051; Merit Books- (212)982-5940. 2555. INDIANA: Bloomington: YSA, c/o Stu'denl Activities Desk, Indiana Uni­ Upper West Side: SWP and YSA, 2744 Broadway (106th St.), New WISCONSIN: Madison: YSA, c/o James Levitt, 411 W. Gorham St., versity, Bloomington, Ind. 47401. York, N.Y.10025. Tel: (212)663-3000. Madison, Wis. 53703. Tel: (608) 257-2835.

22 other countries. 11071/2 N. Western Ave. Donation: ·socialist $1, h. s. students 50c. For more information call (213) rC!VIC!W 463-1917. AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION SAN FRANCISCO AND INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION Calendar TECHNOLOGY AND REVOLUTION. Speaker: Fred ======B=Y=I'f~f\EST MANDl:] ATLANTA MILITANT BOOKSTORE FORUM SERIES. Held every Stanton, Socialist Workers Party organizer, former week on topics of interest-the Black struggle, women's science student. Fri., Feb. 9, 8 p.m. 2338 Market St. liberation, the Vietnamese revolution, socialism-pan­ Donation: $1, h. s. students 50c. Sponsored by Mil­ a els, films, guest speakers, debates. Every Friday, 8:30 itant labor Forum. For more information call (415) p.m., 68 Peachtree St., downtown Atlanta. For infor­ 626-9958. mation call (404) 523-0610. TWIN CITIES monthlY CHICAGO HAS THE SUPREME COURT LIBERATED WOMEN? SYMPOSIUM- VIETNAM PEACE TREATY: WHAT DOES Speaker: Betsy Farley, activist in U of Minnesota wom­ 1 IT MEAN? Speakers include: Rich Rubenstein, coordi­ en1S liberation; Minnesota Women s Abortion Action Marxist nator of Chicago Peace Action Coalition. Fri., Feh. 9, Coalition; Upper Midwest chairwoman of Young So­ 8 p.m. 180 N. Wacker Dr., Room 310. Ausp. Militant cialist Alliance. Fri., Feb. 9, 8 p.m. Skoglund Hall, Forum. Donation: $1, students 75c. For more infor­ 1 University Ave. N. E., Mpls. Donation: $1, h. s. stu­ dents and unemployed 50c. Sponsored by Militant THE AN'IlJMf1:RJAI.IST FRONT IN BOI.IVI:\ F\Y NAHUEL mation call (312)641-0147. MORENO , MAX SHACHTMAN 1\ POLrllCAL PORTRAIT BY Forum. For more information call (612) 332-7781. iournal GEORCE NOVACK i EDITORL,\1_ STOPPINC NIXONS WAR DETROIT THE SCHOOL CRISIS. Speakers to be announced. Fri., SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA Feb. 9, 8 p.m. 3737 Woodward Ave. Donation: $1, MARXIST RADIO COMMENTARY. listen to Theodore h. s. students 50c. Sponsored by Militant Forum. For Edwards, spokesman for the Socialist Workers Party, 3 months tor S1 1Yllr tor S5 more information call (313) 831-6135. on his weekly radio program, 2 p.m. every Satur­ I day, KPFK-FM, 90.7. HOUSTON ( ) Enclosed is $1 for 3 months of the ISR. KICKOFF RALLY to launch the Socialist Workers Cam­ ------­( ) Send me 1 year of the ISR for $5. paign for Dan Fein for mayor, Brenda Brdar and Kathy Calendar and classified ad rates: 75 Stallworth for city council. Featured speaker: Linda cents per line of 56-character-wide type­ Name ______Address ______Jenness, 1972 SWP presidential candidate. Entertain­ written copy. Display ad rates: $1 0 per men~ Bill and lucille Code. Sun., Feb. 11, 5:30 p.m. Reception, 7 p.m. Rally. 6409 lyons Ave. Donation: column inch ($7.50 if camera-ready ad City State Zip--- S1, h. s. students 50 c. For more information, call (713) is enclosed). Payment must be included International Socialist Review, 14 Charles Lane, N.Y., N.Y. 10014 674-0612. with ads. The Militant is published each week on Friday. Deadlines for ad copy: LOS ANGELES Friday, one week preceding publication, THE MILITANT LABOR FORUM presents weekly forums on Friday evenings at 8 p.m. Some of the topics for classified and display ads; Wednes­ covered ore: economics; ecology; the struggles of day noon, two days preceding publica­ women, Blacks, and Chicanos for liberation; the anti­ tion, for calendar ads. Telephone: {212) war movement; literature and art;- the student move­ 243-6392. ment; trade-union movement; and the struggles in

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Communist Part)' ( ) $1 for three months of The Militant. , ( ) $2 forth ree months of The Militant and three months of the International Socialist Review. ( ) $5 for one-year of The Militant. ( ) $1.50 for six months of The Militant for Gls. THE FAMILY: REVOLUTIONARY OR OPPRESSIVE ( ) New ( ) Renewal FORCE? NAME------by Caroline Lund ADDRESS------~------­ CITY STATE------ZIP--- 14 Charles lane, New York, N.Y. 10014

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NIXON'S MOSCOW AND PEKING SUMMITS: Their Meaning for Vietnam by Joseph Hansen and Caroline lund, $.60

Write for our free catalog: PATHFINDER PRESS, 410 West Street, New York, N.Y. 10014 Tel. (212)7 41-0690 CHICANAS SPEAK OUT Mirto Vidal 35c CHICANO LIBERATION AND REVOLUTIONARY YOUTH Mirto Vidal 35c CLEVELAND------.... DOCUMENTS OF THE CHICANO STRUGGLE 35c LA RAZA! a panel discussion including Rot campaign kickoff dolfo "Corky" Gonzales & Froben Lozada 30c Banquet and Rally, Saturday, Feb. 10. Refreshments, 6:30p.m. Dinner, 7 p.m. Rally 8 p.m. Featured speaker: ROBERTA SCHERR, 1973-Socialist Workers Party candidate for mayor of Cleveland. Donation: $5, students $3. Rally only, Pathfinder Press, 410 West St., N.Y. $1. Debs Hall, 4420 Superior. For reservations, call (216) 391-5553.

23 THE MILITANT Anniversary of Ireland's Bloody Sunday is commemorated in several U.S. cities By GEORGE JOHNSON Con Edison Emerald Society, Irish NEW YORK, Jan. 28- Five hundred Republican Clubs, National Associa­ supporters of the struggle for freedom tion for Irish Freedom, New York in Ireland marched here Jan. 27 to Bartenders and Waitresses Associa­ commemorate the anniversary of tion, and Saor Eire Cumann. Bloody Sunday, when a year ago All the above groups, as well as the 13 peaceful civil rights marchers were Gaelic Athletic Association and the murdered by British soldiers in Derry. United Irish Counties Association, en­ The demonstration was organized dorsed the demonstration. in response to a call by Bernadette Devlin urging worldwide commemo­ By JOHN ISENHOWER rative actions for the slain martyrs PHILA., Jan. 27 -·About 100 dem­ in an attempt to focus international onstrators picketed the British Over­ attention on the Irish struggle. seas Airways Corporation here today The turnout was large, considering in the pouring rain to commemorate that it was cold and raining during Bloody Sunday. The Philadelphia the march and the picket and rally Irish Republican Clubs organized the that followed. Estimates at planning action. meetings had been for several hun­ Signs carriEid by the protesters de­ dred, assuming good weather. manded "British Troops Out of Ire­ Spirits were high. Demonstrators land Now," "End the Repression­ Militant/Bill Hutton chanted "British troops must go" dur­ Abolish the Special Powers Act," and Picket line in front of BOAC office in Philadelphia. ing the picket and rally, which were "Ireland for the Irish." held in front of the British Informa­ tion office here. r Jack McKinney, columnist for the on the city's two major 'IV stations, Almost all the speakers at the rally Philadelphia Daily News, read greet­ WCAU and KYW. noted that the demonstration had been ings to the demonstrators from Berna­ endorsed by a very broad spectrum dette Devlin, thanking them for their of political viewpoints, and said that support and solidarity. The featured By KATHLEENO'NAN such unity in action should continue. speaker, Eoin 0 Murchu from the Of­ LOS ANGELES, Jan. 28 -About 50 This was especially true for Ken­ ficial Irish Republican Army, spoke Irish and Irish-Americans demon­ neth Tierney, who spoke for the Irish about the continued repression in Ire­ strated in front of the BOAC terminal Northern Aid Committee. Tierney is land, the need to abolish the Special at L.A. International Airport. A piper one of the Fort Worth Five, activists Powers Act, and the urgency of unity in kilts played Irish revolutionary who have been ordered to testify be­ in action to oust the invading British songs in commemoration of Bloody fore a federal grand jury in Texas Army. Sunday. Demonstrators carried signs that is trying to intimidate supporters Thomas Kinsella, one of Ireland's with slogans such as "Boycott BOAC," of the Irish struggle. best known poets, gave a reading of "Outlaw Whitelaw," and "End U.S. In­ Tierney and the other four have "Butcher's Dozen," a poem composed ternment of Irish-Americans." refused to testify, and for this they in response to the hypocrisy of the A newly formed Irish support coali­ have been cited for contempt. The Su­ British government's whitewash of the tion, the Friends of Ireland, organized preme Court refused Jan. 22 to hear Derry murders. the action. Groups represented in­ their appeal, and they now face im­ The rally concluded with the read­ cluded the Official Irish Republican prisonment in Texas for the duration ing of the name of the 13 martyrs. Clubs, Northern Aid Committee, and of the grand jury's term (now sched­ As each name was read a small cof­ the Northern Ireland Civil Rights As­ uled to run through November). fin-shaped poster bearing the name of sociation. The coalition plans to or­ Antiwar activist Sister Elizabeth Mc­ the man was raised. ganize a St. Patrick's Day demonstra­ Alister spoke, as did representatives Milito The demonstration received news tion in front of the British consulate. of the American Committee for Ulster Demonstration at Los Angeles Internation­ coverage in the Philadelphia Bulletin For further information call (213) Justice, the Anti-Internment Coalition, al Airport. and the Philadelphia Inquirer, and 396-5260.

Demand abolition of ~sTRESS' Detroit Blacks holding hearings on cops By RONALD LOCKETT mond Hood; State Senator Coleman The purpose of the hearings is to DETROIT, Jan. 30-Demands to Young; and Congressman John Con­ expose the true extent of the police abolish the Detroit police's STRESS yers. terror and mount a public campaign unit have come from a broad range Also the Southern Christian Leader­ to end it. The hearings were organized of Black individuals and organiza­ ship Conference, NAACP, Black sec­ after a common council hearing Jan. tions in the past week. retariat of the Archdiocese of Detroit, 11 whitewashed the STRESS cops' ac­ STRESS (Stop the Robberies- En­ Republic of New Africa, Black Panther tions and turned the citizens' com­ joy Safe Streets) is responsible for Party, Booker T. Washington Busi­ plaints over to the police department. killing more than 15 Blacks in the ness Association, Wolverine Bar, The first four hearings will listen past year, many innocent of any Dental and Medical Associations, to testimony, while the fifth will dis­ crime. The unit spearheads the con­ and the conservative Cotillion Club. cuss proposals for action. The sched­ tinuing wave of harassment and terror The breadth of support the UBC has ule is: unleashed against Detroit's Black com­ received typifies the united response Feb. 5, .7:30 p.m., New Calvary munity in the aftermath of a shootout of the Black community. Many of Baptist Church, 3975 Concord on De­ between STRESS officers and several those signing the UBC statement troit's East Side; Black youths. agreed to serve as commissioners on Feb. 8, 7:30p.m., North End Fam­ On Jan. 24, representatives of more the Black commission of inquiry into ily Center, 150 Belmont; than 34 Black organizations held a police terror formed the previous Feb. 11, 3 p.m., St. Cecilia's, Liver­ news conference to condemn the police week. nois and Burlingame on Detroit's West harassment. Calling themselves the At a news conference today, the Side; United Black Coalition ( UBC ), they Black commission announced that it Feb. 13, 7:30 p.m., Presentation announced they had sent telegrams had scheduled a series of hearings Catholic High School, Meyers and to various federal and state officials in various parts of the Black com­ Pembroke; requesting a congressional investiga­ munity. Speaking at the news con­ Feb. 17, 10 a.m., at Wayne State tion into the police terror. ference were Frank Ditto of the "Black University. Many individuals and organizations Talk" TV show; Ray Rickman, chief St. Paul's Cathedral on Detroit's joined in the call, including state rep­ aide to Congressman John Conyers; East Side was the site of Forest Park resentatives Daisy Elliot, Alma Stall­ and Maceo Dixon, coordinator of the Hayward Brown, victim District Council hearings on STRESS worth, Jackie Vaughn III, and Ray- Black commission.· troit special police squad. Continued on page 22

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