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December 2018 | Volume 58 Issue 12 www.railjournal.com | @railjournal

IRJInternational Railway Journal

Renew and expand Incoming Brazilian president sets the agenda for rail freight development , we have an answer Trailblazing high-speed project taps into booming inter-city travel market Unlocking the Yucatan Can Mexico’s Maya take tourist dollars inland? IRJDECXX (UITP)_Layout119/11/201812:08Page IS BACK ! BACK IS TRANSPORT PUBLIC IN EVENT DEFINING THE www.uitpsummit.org

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Contact us ContentsDecember 2018 Volume 58 issue 12 Editorial offices News 46 Killigrew Street Post 4 This month Falmouth Cornwall, TR11 3PP, UK 6 News headlines Tel +44 1326 313945 14 Transit Web www.railjournal.com 16 Financial

Editor-in-Chief David Briginshaw [email protected] South and Central America Senior Editor 18 New government set to prioritise rail freight Keith Barrow 18 [email protected] ’s president-elect to continue network development Managing Editor 22 targets rail expansion Kevin Smith State pushes investment in urban rail [email protected] 28 Yucatan railway finally gets green light News & Features Writer Construction of the line is expected to start this month David Burroughs [email protected] Production Manager Sue Morant [email protected] High speed 30 Texas Central taps into booming travel market IRJ Pro Account Manager 22 Chloe Pickering Blazing a trail for privately-funded high-speed rail [email protected] 34 JR East pushes the boundries of high-speed IRJ Pro Market Analyst A 400km/h test-train set to evaluate new technology Oscar Sinclair [email protected] Advertising sales offices IRJ Post 12 Beech Hill, Insights Haywards Heath Recruiting the next generation RH16 3RX, UK 38 Industry in race to replace skilled staff Tel +44 1444 454171 38 Innovative recruitment techniques from across the sector International area sales manager Louise Cooper [email protected] Tel +44 1444 454171 Subscriptions hotline Tel (US) only) +1 800 553 8878 Project management (Canada/International) +1 319 42 Automating Switzerland’s Waldenburg Railway 364 6167 Fax +1 402 346 4740 Building the foundations for light rail automation

International Railway Journal (Print ISSN 2161-7376, Digital ISSN 2161-7368), is published monthly by Simmons-Boardman Publishing Corp, 55 Broad Street, 26th Fl, New York, NY 10004-2580, USA. Printed in Great Britain by Buxton Press and distributed in the USA by Mail Right International, 42 1637 Stelton Road B4, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.

D Periodicals postage paid at Piscataway, NJ and December 2018 | Volume 58 Issue 12 additional mailing offices. COPYRIGHT © Simmons- www.railjournal.com | @railjournal Boardman Publishing Corporation 2018. All rights Also in this issue Front cover IRJInternational Railway Journal reserved. Contents may not be reproduced without 44 Rendezvous With a resolution finally permission. For reprint information please contact Editor-in-Chief. For subscriptions & address changes, set to end the uncertainty Renew and expand 45 Full contact list Incoming Brazilian president sets the please call subscriptions hotline above. surrounding the future of agenda for rail freight development Houston, we have an answer Trailblazing Texas high-speed project taps Email: [email protected] or 45 Advertisers index the rail freight concessions into booming inter-city travel market Unlocking the Yucatan write to: International Railway Journal, Simmons- Can Mexico’s Maya Train take market, the new Brazilian tourist dollars inland? Boardman Publishing Corp, 46 The last word 615 Fifth Street SE, Cedar government is backing Rapids, IA 52401–2158. USA. major investment in long- POSTMASTER: Send address awaited projects across the changes to International Rail- way Journal, PO Box 1407 country. Cedar Rapids, IA 52406-1407 USA. IRJ December 2018 3 December TM_Layout 1 22/11/2018 10:05 Page 4

This month | David Briginshaw

Even more audacious is railways were privatised in the ’s plan , so this will be a major The tide is turning to build a 390km high-speed change of direction if the line from to Houston projects come to fruition. entirely with private finance Implementation of the Maya (p30). The lack of any major Train project was a core for private operators physical obstacles along the campaign promise by Mexico’s route should reduce the risk of president-elect, Mr Andres construction delays, while the Manuel Lopez Obrador, who LOWLY but surely the sometimes results in marriage of Japanese takes office on December 1. He private sector’s involvement passengers having to buy a technology with Spanish plans to hold a symbolic Sin passenger rail is expanding new ticket when they miss a operating know-how should ground-breaking ceremony on on both sides of the Atlantic. connection through no fault of boost investor confidence. December 16, which could In Europe, the initial spur was their own. Nevertheless, Texas Central herald the start of rebuilding the railway privatisation in A similar pattern of private faces the daunting task of an existing line, although Britain and the letting of development is emerging in raising up to $US 16bn to studies are still underway for concessions in countries such the United States, where the build the railway and convince the new-line sections. as , the , operation of investors that it can produce a Nevertheless, at least one Denmark and Sweden. This networks by private return. Texas Central also must Mexican tourism company has was followed by the largely companies is already entice enough Texans out of expressed interest in the project. successful launch of private commonplace. ’s their cars and onto its . Railway development is also open-access operators in one of the priorities of the Britain, Sweden, the Czech newly-elected governor of São Republic, , and Paulo state, Mr João Doria. Germany, with several more Texas Central is quite bullish about its The inter-city scheme will be private operators keen to take implemented as a PPP, the plunge provided the prospects and says the world has although the government has conditions are right. changed since the failure of the Texas struggled in the past to raise This success has been achieved “ its share of funding for PPPs. despite the unwillingness of TGV project in 1994. European private open- some national governments access operators have already and the to overturned the once widely- create a level playing field. In Miami - West Palm Beach However, Texas Central is held belief that passenger rail Sweden MTR has so far failed inter-city service, which quite bullish about its cannot make money. Let’s in its attempt to get its trains launched earlier this year, is prospects and says the world hope that the trailblazers in onto incumbent SJ’s booking the first privately-funded has changed since the failure the United States, and portal, which is the go-to site passenger rail service in the of the Texas TGV project in eventually Mexico and Brazil, for most Swedes buying train US for many decades. 1994. It also recognises the prove their doubters wrong. tickets. In June, start-up Saga Brightline was already importance of providing good Rail withdrew the service it committed to extending the last-mile connections for launched in February for the service to Orlando and has passengers to make the overall same reason. now agreed to construct an trip as seamless as possible. Neighbouring Norway, on extension to Tampa. It is also Further south, recent [email protected] the other hand, realises the taking over the Xpress West elections in Mexico and Brazil importance of creating a level high-speed project to link Las have given impetus to two playing field as it starts to let Vegas with Victorville north of passenger rail projects: the its first concessions, even Los Angeles. Maya Train PPP scheme to though open access is unlikely Brightline’s rapid and develop a 1500km railway in the small Norwegian ambitious expansion plans to serve the booming market. Government-owned have already attracted the tourist industry on Entur manages internet ticket interest of Sir Richard Branson Mexico’s Yucatan sales and in October took over and his Virgin Group, which Peninsula (p28), and the the sale of tickets at stations has been looking for passenger introduction of the first from incumbent operator rail investment opportunities modern inter-city services Norwegian State Railways (p10). in the US for several years. in the populous and EU legislation governing rail Brightline will now be wealthy Brazilian state of São passenger rights was amended rebranded USA Paulo (p22). Both countries last month by the European and Virgin will take a small shut down virtually all Parliament (p7) increasing stake in the company (p7). their long-distance compensation when trains are The deal also brings passenger operations delayed even when a trip together two successful when the involves several trains. entrepreneurs - Branson and However, the EU continues to Mr Wes Edens, co-founder and ignore calls for mandatory co-chief executive of Fortress missed connection protection Investment Group, parent of involving services run by Brightline - which should give different operators, which a real impetus to the ventures. 4 IRJNOV51 (Bombardier)_Layout 1 24/10/2018 12:19 Page 1 are trademarks of Bombardier Inc. or its subsidiaries. Together we move and Bombardier Together we move

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News | headlines

Mercitalia Fast high-speed freight service launched TALIAN State Railways (FS) subsidiary Mercitalia unveiledI its new Mercitalia Fast high-speed rail freight service at an event at the company’s Caserta Marcianise terminal north of on October 29. Regular operation began on November 7. Mercitalia Fast services operate nightly between Monday and Friday, linking the Caserta terminal with the Interporto hub in in 3h 30min. Services are operated by a 12-car ETR 500 train which has been modified to transport 70x80x180 roll containers. According to Mercitalia the Morocco inaugurates Africa’s first high-speed line train will accommodate a ING Mohammed VI of 700m Mharhar viaduct. build contract for trackwork payload equivalent to 18 Morocco and French president Services are operated by a and electrification. articulated lorries and is MrK Emmanuel Macron attended fleet of 12 The Moroccan high-speed expected to eliminate 9000 a ceremony in on double-deck trains, each programme also includes lorry movements a year on the November 15 to inaugurate seating 533 passengers. Each rebuilding the conventional north - south A1 highway. Africa’s first high-speed line. eight-car train is formed of two line between and , Construction of the 183km first-class cars, five second- where a third has been Tangiers - Kenitra line was class cars and a dining/bar car. added, and new or rebuilt stations to step officially launched in September The trains operate at speeds of at Tangiers, Kenitra, Rabat Agdal up 2011 and was originally due up to 320km/h, reducing the and Casablanca Voyageurs. for completion in December Tangiers - Kenitra journey time High-speed services are services 2015, but the project suffered a from 3h 15min to 50 minutes forecast to boost ridership on UROSTAR confirmed on number of setbacks including and Tangiers - Casablanca the Tangiers - Rabat - October 23 that it will land acquisition delays and from 4h 45min to 2h 10min. Casablanca corridor from 3 introduceE a third daily service subsidence. Moroccan National Railways million to 6 million passengers between , Dynamic testing began in (ONCF) has adopted the Al a year while providing and Amsterdam next June February 2017 and an African Boraq brand for its new flagship additional capacity for freight with plans for further rail speed record of 357km/h services. traffic on the conventional line expansion in the longer-term. was set on May 4 this year. The Euroduplex fleet is between Tangiers and Kenitra. Eurostar says it has carried The total cost of the project equipped to operate on both Advance Al Boraq start more than 130,000 extra was around É1.8bn. The the 25kV 50Hz ac electrification at Dirhams 89 ($US 9.39) one- passengers since the launch of Moroccan government used on the high-speed line way for a second-class single direct high-speed services provided É500m from the state and Morocco’s conventional from Tangiers to Rabat and between the British and Dutch budget and the Hassan II Fund 3kV dc system for through Dirhams 99 for Tangiers - capitals in April. for Economic and Social operation over the existing line Casablanca. Semi-flexible The addition of the third Development. The French to Rabat and Casablanca. second-class fares start at service recognises commitments government contributed The train fleet is maintained Dirhams 115 for Tangiers - by the British and Dutch É625m in the form of a at a purpose-built depot at Rabat and Dirhams 149 for governments to have security concessional loan and a É75m Tangiers by a 60:40 ONCF- Tangiers - Casablanca. Tickets checks and border controls in grant, with the French SNCF joint venture, which has can be bought up to 90 days place at Dutch stations by the Development Agency (AFD) been awarded a 15-year fleet before travel. end of 2019. providing a further É220m. maintenance contract worth A flat of Dirhams 50 in Currently passengers Financing was also drawn É175m. second class and Dirhams 80 in travelling to London must from sources in Arab countries, In April 2013 an Ansaldo first class applies for children change trains at including Saudi Arabia Fund STS-Cofely Ineo consortium between the ages of four and South, where customs and for Development (É144m), the secured a É120m contract to 15 and discounts are also security checks are carried out. Abu Dhabi Fund for supply and install signalling and available for young adults, Eurostar says that it plans to Development (É70m) and the telecommunications systems students and seniors. add a fourth daily service as Kuwait Fund for Arab Economic and the line’s centralised traffic The initial timetable soon as the new Development (É100m). control centre, which is located comprises nine services in each arrangements are in place for Key engineering features on in Rabat. A consortium of direction between Tangiers and travel, with ambitions to the new line include the 3.5km Colas-Rail and Egis Rail was Casablanca with four daily increase frequencies to five El Hachef viaduct and the awarded a É136m design- Tangiers - Kenitra shuttles. trains a day in the longer-term. 6 IRJ December 2018 December News_Layout 1 22/11/2018 12:41 Page 7

In brief

Britain European parliament adopts passenger rights recast (NR) has EGISLATION amending EU minutes and a full refund if a notification. The time needed awarded ESG Rail and DB rules on rail passenger train is more than two hours late. for prenotification of assistance Systemtechnik (DBST) a rightsL was approved by MEPs For passengers making at smaller stations has also contract to supply overhead at a plenary session of the multi-leg journeys with several been reduced. line monitoring technology to European Parliament on tickets, rights to information, In addition, the recast also enhance its existing monitoring November 15. assistance and compensation includes provisions to ensure fleet. As part of this contract, The recast of Regulation will be the same as those for a new and refurbished trains passenger vehicles will also be 1371/2007 (EC) on Rail through ticket. have “well-indicated spaces” used to monitor the network Passenger Rights and MEPs also rejected proposals to accommodate assembled during normal operation. Obligations passed with 533 to exempt operators from bicycles and MEPs have MEPs voting in favour, 37 paying compensation in the backed an earlier-than-planned Bulgaria against and 47 abstentions. event of “extraordinary phase-out of temporary The The recast increases circumstances.” exemptions used by a number confirmed on November 15 compensation for delays of The recast will guarantee of member states to only that the European Union more than an hour from 25% to that assistance for passengers partially implement the 2009 Cohesion Fund will contribute 50% of the value of the ticket. with reduced mobility will be rules to domestic services. É293.4m towards the second Passengers will be legally free-of-charge and available at These exemptions will end phase of the modernisation of entitled to 75% compensation larger stations without the within a year of the recast the 293km Plovdiv - Burgas for a delay of more than 90 need to provide prior coming into force. line. Phase 2 encompasses the modernisation of 111km of the route, including 29km of Brightline to become Virgin Trains USA Study launched double track, and the installation LORIDA’s privately- “Our private-sector-led of ETCS along the entire line. funded inter-city rail effort to reinvent passenger for Greece - operatorF Brightline announced rail service in America is taking another leap forward with the Albania rail link on November 16 that it will be ceremony was held in National passenger operator addition of the Virgin team,” renamed Virgin Trains USA Kastoria, Greece, on Elron will withdraw all says Mr Wes Edens, chairman after signing a strategic NovemberA 19 to officially launch services from to Pärnu, of Brightline and co-founder partnership and trademark a study into the construction the country’s fourth-largest of Fortress Investment Group. licensing agreement with the of a new railway linking city, from the start of the 2019 “Virgin has built a respected Virgin Group. northern Greece with Albania. timetable on December 9 due and trusted brand in travel Brightline launched services The CB Railway project to the poor condition of the and hospitality. With our between Miami, Fort involves constructing a 130km track on the southern section shared focus on customer Lauderdale and West Palm line from the existing Greek of the route. The closure of the experience, powered by a Beach in May 2018 and railhead at Florina to the 70km - Pärnu section culture of innovation and currently has plans to expand Albanian city of Pogradec on means Pärnu, a resort city of disruption, we are well to Orlando and Tampa. The the southern shore of Lake more than 50,000 inhabitants, positioned to build on our company is also developing Ohrid. The line will run via will be left without a direct rail success.” plans for a high-speed line the Kristallopigi - Bilisht link to the capital until the “We have had a lot of fun between California and Las border crossing, which is Estonian section of the Rail and success creating Vegas after its recent takeover currently the main crossing for Baltica standard-gauge line innovative transport of the Xpress West project. road traffic between northern opens in 2026. businesses that shake up Brightline says it will Greece and Albania. markets and establish loyal transition to Virgin Trains USA The study is being funded Germany followings,” says Virgin German Rail (DB) and Rail.One branding in 2019. As part of with the aid of a 845.7m founder, Sir Richard Branson. É celebrated the start of the agreement, an affiliate of grant from the European “Tens of millions of Americans construction of a new turnout Virgin group will make a Union’s (EU) Interreg IPA CBC travel on the railways every sleeper plant at DB Network’s minority investment in Programme Greece - Albania day, and we have tried for site in Schwandorf, southern Brightline, with an affiliate of 2014-2020. over a decade to find an Germany, on October 6, with Fortress Investment Group The study will be carried opportunity to provide them series production scheduled to retaining a out by a consortium of with that same excellent begin in autumn 2019. Rail.One majority stake. Hellenic Railways Organisation service experience. Schwandorf, a subsidiary of (OSE), Greek infrastructure “Brightline is at the Rail.One Group, will construct manager Ergose and the forefront of innovation in this and operate the plant to fulfil Albanian Ministry of market, and the ideal partner a contract awarded by DB Infrastructure and Energy. The for Virgin to work with to alter Network in 2017. two-year study will look at perceptions and travelling DB’s Rail Digital Ventures route options, carry out = habits across the United business unit has agreed to technical and financial States.” make a strategic investment of analysis, and assess several million Euros in environmental impacts. Canadian start-up satellite The mixed-traffic line is telecommunications firm expected to benefit regional Kepler Communications. development, trade and Kepler, which has so far tourism while facilitating the developed three shoebox-sized economic and social integration nanosatelites, has raised Photo: Shutterstock/Jillian Cairn of Albania with the EU. IRJ December 2018 7 December News_Layout 1 22/11/2018 13:02 Page 8

News | headlines

Westbahn- DB reconsiders sale of Arriva and Schenker to launch - services USTRIAN open-access operator Westbahn and Meridian,A a subsidiary of Bavarian Overland Railway (BOB), will launch a thrice- daily direct Vienna - Munich service in April 2019. The service, operated in association with Bavarian (BEG), will Arriva is a major operator of regional rail and bus extend Westbahn’s Westgreen services in the Netherlands. Photo: Quintus Vosman service from Vienna West via to Munich and will ERMAN Rail (DB) is approaching the É20.4bn attributable to rolling stock run in the same timings as re-examining options for ceiling previously agreed as a provision and maintenance has Meridian’s Freilassing - theG full or partial sale of maximum debt level with its been removed from tenders - Munich main international passenger sole shareholder, the German completely with the awarding station regional services. business DB Arriva and global government. In early authorities choosing to provide The new service will be logistics subsidiary DB Schenker. September, Lutz warned DB their own train fleets and operated by Westbahn in Austria DB CEO, Dr Richard Lutz, management of the group’s arrange contract maintenance. and Meridian in . told domestic media at the end serious financial problems, These factors, plus continued Services will depart from of October that sales were which has led to a freeze on losses at European rail freight Vienna at 05:43, 08:43 and possible, but the final decision much non-operational spending. business DB Cargo, means 14:43 and Munich at 08.55, would rest with the German In recent years DB has made that DB will need to find new 14.55 and 17.55. The journey federal government. most of its profits from the sources of cash to finance time of 4h 23min is 20 minutes Plans to sell stakes in both provision of infrastructure and future investment without slower than Austrian Federal companies were scrapped in energy via its DB Networks breaching the debt ceiling. The Railways’ (ÖBB) competing late 2016 following political business unit and its German recent order for ICE4 high- service. opposition. domestic regional rail business, speed trains is set to add DB could reportedly generate DB Regio. However, neither are another É1bn to the figure. up to É10bn if it disposes considered a viable long-term In the first half of this year, China - Myanmar entirely of Arriva and Schenker. source of investment funding. DB’s overall revenue grew accord signed The latter subsidiary alone While remaining profitable, 2.3% year-on-year to É21.6bn HINA Railway Eryuan generates around a third of DB Networks has limitations but Ebit fell 17.5% to É974m. Engineering Group has current DB group revenues. placed upon the use of these With annual interest costs for signedC a Memorandum of However, there has been no profits - profits generated the existing debt amounting to Understanding with indication from the federal through track access charges around É800m, the cost of Myanmar Railways to carry government that it would must be ploughed back into servicing the debt wipes out a out a feasibility study of a allow DB to fully divest the German railway infrastructure significant portion of DB’s profits. standard-gauge railway two companies. and these funds cannot be Net profit levels are therefore linking the border town of Renewed talk of asset sales used for investment in any of unlikely to fund dividends at Muse with Mandalay. comes as DB grapples with DB’s operating businesses. the level foreseen in the The study will include mounting financial difficulties. In the last six years DB has agreement, let alone allow environmental impact and DB has an agreed debt made less money from DB substantial investment in the social assessments of the ceiling and a policy to pay the Regio than it did historically as operating businesses. project and is due to be German treasury an annual competition for tendered In October, president of completed within two years. minimum dividend, although regional passenger services in Germany’s Federal Court of China is already building a in practice dividend payments Germany has resulted in Auditors, Mr Kay Scheller, 330km line from Dali to the have been reduced to É600m significantly-reduced margins. urged the federal government border town of Ruili on the in 2016 and É450m in 2017. Crucially for the DB business to increase its financial scrutiny opposite bank of the Ruili river. DB’s debt of É18.6bn is model, much of the income of DB. Gibela’s South African rolling stock plant inaugurated LSTOM and its partners in Africa, Mr Cyril Ramaphosa, in and advanced manufacturing bespoke training centre the Gibela joint venture, front of more than 300 people. processes necessary for the supporting the continued UbumbanoA Rail and New A fleet of 580 six-car assembly of at least 10,000 transfer of new rail-related Africa Rail, inaugurated a X’Trapolis Mega commuter parts and the linkage of 250 skills to Gibela’s employees Rand 928m ($US 63.5m) rolling EMUs will be built for Prasa at industrial activities. and suppliers, as well as a stock manufacturing plant at the 53,000m2 site over the next At peak production, the 1.2km test track for the Dunnottar, South Africa, on 10 years. Alstom says the site’s facility will produce 62 trains dynamic testing of the new October 25. workshops are modular to per year with the first set trains. More than 700 The facility, the largest in enable lean manufacturing expected to roll out of the employees are expected to Africa, was officially opened processes with equipment factory at the end of the year. work at the Dunnottar site by by the president of South featuring the latest innovations The plant also features a the end of 2020. 8 IRJ December 2018 December News_Layout 1 22/11/2018 12:41 Page 9

In brief

$US 16m to fund the next Storlien on the Swedish side of KiwiRail electric operations reprieved stage of its development the border. Traffic was EW Zealand’s state-owned the catenary in order to reverse programme, which includes a suspended on the 3.74km operator KiwiRail has the original decision if needed. new satellite designed to section between Storlien and beenN given a $NZ 35m ($US Explaining the reversal, optimise the Internet of Things the frontier in November 2013 22.8m) cash injection to refurbish KiwiRail’s acting chief executive, (IoT) for transport operators. after Swedish infrastructure its fleet of 30-year-old EF class Mr Todd Moyle, says the 2016 manager Trafikverket detected electric locomotives over the decision had not been taken movement in an embankment. next four years, revising a lightly and reflected the = The government of the decision by the KiwiRail board funding available to the (MÁV) has launched a project French region of Hauts de in 2016 to decommission the company at the time. KiwiRail to add a third track on the sole confirmed on fleet in March 2019. also argued that using modern electrified east-west railway November 16 that cross-border Deputy prime minister and diesels as part of a more bridge across the Danube in regional passenger services on minister of state-owned efficient rail freight service southern . The new two routes into will enterprises, Mr Winston Peters, would have had a greater track will run between resume with the start of the says refurbishment rather than effect on reducing emissions Kelenföld and Ferencváros 2019 timetable on December 9. replacement with modern by taking more lorries off the and will support a new S- Two return services a day will diesel locomotives was the country’s roads. Bahn-style suburban service. operate on weekdays and at right decision long-term. However, Moyle says the The bridge is already used by weekends on the Maubeuge - Refurbishment will include new coalition government has east-west freight traffic, Railjet Charleroi - Namur and upgrades of the electronic shown a clear commitment to services from Munich to Aulnoye - routes with control systems and will rail, including the NZ Transport Budapest, and inter-city and connections to inter-city extend the life of the Agency providing funding to suburban trains. services to and from . locomotives by around 10 undertake business cases for years. Just eight of the electric further electrification of the International Mongolia units are currently in service, Auckland rail network from A milestone was reached in Northern Railways, an and the EFs have been failing Papakura to Pukekohe, and the upgrading of the line infrastructure manager owned every 30,000km on average, adding a third main line in between Östersund, Sweden by a consortium of Aspire well below KiwiRail’s fleet Auckland. and Trondheim, Norway, on Mining (80%), and subsidiaries target of 50,000km. A total of Moyle adds that KiwiRail October 19 with the opening of China Railway Construction 22 of the 3MW locomotives has been in discussions with of a new 230m viaduct near Corporation, has received a were purchased from Brush the government about further Traction, Britain, and entered electrification and is exploring service between 1986 and 1988. the use of other fuel sources. The $NZ 35m refurbishment Electrifying the remainder of programme will cost almost the route between Auckland three-times the amount touted and Wellington, another option by unions and other groups previously favoured by parties which had argued against now in government, was mothballing the electrification estimated to cost more than of the North Island Main Trunk $NZ 1bn and would have still line between Palmerston North required the use of diesel units and Hamilton. KiwiRail had throughout the rest of the planned to keep and maintain North Island.

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IRJ December 2018 9 December News_Layout 1 22/11/2018 12:41 Page 10

News | headlines

New retailer takes over Norwegian

Photo: Photo: Alstom ticket sales NTUR, a company owned by the Norwegian Ministry ofE Transport and Communications, has taken over the sale of tickets at stations from national operator Norwegian State Railways (NSB) as part of the government’s effort to create a level playing field for all passenger operators. Founded in 2016 as part of the Norwegian government’s 2015 rail reforms, Entur and RATP Dev to operate CDG Express already managed online and app sales but now operates HE French government has consortium between them was new 8km branch which will 220 ticket machines and more named the Hello Paris designed to discourage follow the alignment of TGV than 185 validators, as well as consortium,T comprising Keolis competition in the tender. Interconnexion to the airport. the customer service centres at and RATP Dev, as preferred The line is expected to open A one-way fare for the service, Oslo Airport, Oslo Central bidder for a contract to operate on January 1 2024 ahead of the which will operate every 15 Station, Bergen, Stavanger and the CDG Express service which 2024 Summer Olympics which minutes from 05.00 to 00.00 Trondheim. will provide a direct link will be hosted by the French seven days a week, is expected The European Alliance of between Paris Gare de l’Est capital. The contract includes a to cost É24. Up to nine million New Rail Entrants (AllRail) and Paris-Charles de Gaulle five-year pre-operational passengers a year are expected has welcomed the move and international airport. period between 2019 and 2023 to use the service. says the arrangement should The announcement on and a 15-year operational Following a tender, Hello be a role model for European November 19 comes less than a period between 2024 and 2038. Paris says it has chosen to use Union countries. week after Transdev, which CDG Express services will Alstom’s Coradia Liner EMU, “Passengers should have the also submitted a bid for the operate with a maximum a design which has already right to access all ticket contract, lodged a complaint journey time of 20 minutes for been authorised for operation options at all sales channels,” with anti-competition the 32km journey between on the French network, to ensure AllRail says. “However, EU authorities arguing that the Paris Est and CDG Terminal 2, that the line can be ready in state-owned rail incumbents parent companies of Keolis compared with 35 minutes for time for the 2024 Olympics. know that if they refuse to sell and RATP Dev, French the RER service from Gare de The interiors will be designed all rail options at their in- National Railways (SNCF) and Nord. Trains will use the for airport passengers. house sales channels, with the RATP respectively, already existing line between Paris Est The contract is due to be inherited brand equity, fewer hold a monopoly on rail travel and Villeparisis, before signed before the end of passengers will find out about in France, and that the continuing northwards on a January 2019. other operators on the tracks.” German government prioritises 44 rail projects worth €6.35bn ERMANY’s federal Scheuer says. “With them we Hannover, , Mannheim The Cologne - Aachen line will transport minister, Mr eliminate bottlenecks, create and Munich areas will be also be upgraded in connection AndreasG Scheuer, announced more capacity and provide the upgraded to eliminate with the national regular- on November 6 that following infrastructure for the German bottlenecks on the network. interval timetable project. a detailed cost:benefit analysis regular-interval timetable. Our of 44 rail projects in the Federal goals are: shorter travel times High priority projects Transport Infrastructure Plan, and better connections, also in Munich - Mühldorf - Lübeck - Schwerin 29 have been elevated to the the metropolitan areas.” = = Freilassing Weimar - Gera - Gößnitz highest priority and will be “The expansion of the nodes = Nurnemberg - Erfurt Regensburg - Mühldorf implemented by 2030 at a total is the key to a powerful rail = = = Nurnemberg - = Niebüll - Klanxbüll cost of É6.35bn. network,” says Mr Enak Schwandorf/Munich - = Studernheimer curve The projects comprise 22 line Ferlemann, federal Regensburg - Furth-im-Wald (Ludwigshafen) upgrading schemes, six commissioner. “This benefits - Czech border = - Ahrensburg projects to relieve congestion at both long-distance and freight = Dutch border - = Dresden - Prague major junctions, measures to traffic and regional traffic Kaldenkirchen - Viersen - = Lehrte/Hameln - allow the introduction of alike. Attractive rail traffic in Rheydt-Odenkirchen Braunschweig - Magdeburg - 740m-long freight trains, and the metropolitan regions not = Augsburg - Donauwörth Rosslau initiatives associated with the least improves air quality and = Gotha - Leinefelde = Cuxhaven - Stade introduction of a national is thus a sustainable = Stuttgart - = Münster - Lünen regular-interval timetable. investment in the future. The Backnang/Schwäbisch = Leipzig - Chemnitz “We are putting additional planning of the projects must Gmünd - Aalen - Nuremberg = Wilster - Brunsbüttel rail projects on the track, which start now in a timely manner.” = Kehl - Appenweier = Berlin - Angermünde - will be a real win for the entire In addition, lines in the = Landshut - Plattling Pasewalk - Stralsund. rail network and the regions,” , Hamburg, 10 IRJ December 2018 December News_Layout 1 22/11/2018 13:29 Page 11

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Preliminary Economic on November 7. A weekly NS trials faster trains to the north Assessment (PEA) for a service operates in each ETHERLANDS Railways via the HSL South 238.6km planned freight line direction and SAR plans to (NS) is planning a ‘once- high-speed line. between Ovoot and Arts Suuri gradually increase the only’N test run early next year to When operating on ETCS on on the Russian-Mongolian frequency of the service. It also establish the viability of the Hanze Line, the Traxx will border. Construction is plans to extend operations to accelerating inter-city services be permitted to run at its estimated to cost $US 581.8m Qurayyat. CAF has supplied between Amsterdam, Zwolle maximum speed of 160km/h. and the line would connect four day trains and two and Groningen. The fastest Amsterdam Aspire’s Ovoot coking coal overnight trains for use on the If the tests are successful, NS South - Groningen inter-city mine with Russia’s proposed line under a É400m contract. says it may introduce additional service in the 2018 timetable Kyzyl - Arts Suuri line, which fast peak services on the route, offers a journey time of 2h is due to be completed in 2022 Portugal although capacity constraints 1min and NS expects the trial Rail freight operator Medway mean this will not be feasible run to shave around 15 Netherlands has announced plans to invest before December 2020. minutes off this timing. A cross-industry ERTMS É25m in the construction of a The journey time reduction The test run should indicate testing centre was inaugurated new terminal at Famalição will be achieved by skipping the rolling stock, timetabling in Amersfoort on November 5. north of Porto. Civil works are stops at Assen and Lelystad and infrastructure requirements The centre has been expected to begin next year. and running at higher speeds for higher-speed operation. established to develop ERTMS Medway has also confirmed it on the Hanze Line, which is NS says a further 15-minute in cooperation between all plans to launch a new direct equipped with both ETCS journey time reduction could parties involved in the Dutch Portugal - Germany rail freight Level 2 and the first-generation be achieved with the introduction rail sector, including service for automotive Dutch ATB train protection of the 200km/h Inter-City New manufacturers, train operators customers next year. system and cleared for 200km/h. Generation (ICNG) EMUs, and infrastructure manager Elsewhere on the conventional which are due to enter service Prorail. Russia network the first-generation on all major inter-city routes Russian freight wagon owners ATB limits the maximum line from 2021 onwards. Saudi Arabia will require 400,000-550,000 speed to 140km/h. NS CEO, Mr Roger van Boxtel, Saudi Railway Company wagons between 2019 and The test will be carried out points out that accelerating (SAR) launched Riyadh - Jawf 2030, according to research by using a Bombardier class 186 Amsterdam - Groningen services overnight passenger services Russia’s Institute of Natural (Traxx MS2) multi-system might also improve links on the North-South Railway Monopolies Research (IPEM). and ICRm between the Randstad region of coaches normally used on IC the Hague, Amsterdam, Direct services from Amsterdam Rotterdam and Utrecht, and to Rotterdam, Breda and other peripheral areas. KAGO Rail Attachment Box

Type GAKSu Photo: Photo: Shutterstock/Atfie Sahid Standard box closed for electrical rail GE pulls out of Nigerian concession connections E Transportation confirmed GE will now hand over on November 16 that it is leadership of the project to withdrawingG from a consortium Transnet. “This development is appointed earlier this year to in line with GE’s decision to upgrade Nigeria’s narrow- exit the Transportation business gauge railway network. from its portfolio,” GE said in In May the government of an emailed statement. “Transnet Nigeria awarded a concession to has been a trusted partner of rehabilitate, finance and GE for several decades. We operate Nigerian Railways have confidence in their ability Corporation’s 1067mm-gauge and that of the other consortium network to the consortium of members to execute on the rail GE, South Africa’s Transnet, concession project successfully.” With busbar and insulation for prevention of stray currents Chinese infrastructure The project’s interim phase, construction services company which is due to be completed KAGO AG – Switzerland SinoHydro and port, terminals within 18 months, is intended Railway Technology and intermodal services to make the system “technically [email protected] provider APM Terminals. and economically operable.” IRJ December 2018 11 December News_Layout 1 22/11/2018 12:41 Page 12

News | headlines

Italian national airline Alitalia accepts purchase offer from FS HE government-appointed following several failed Toninelli, dismissed the entire rejected the country’s 2019 commissioners of Italian attempts to restructure the FS board, replacing CEO, Mr draft budget on the grounds nationalT airline Alitalia have business, which must repay a Renato Mazzoncini, with that it will increase the accepted an offer from Italian É900m bridging loan to the Battisti, who previously served country’s deficit to 2.4% of State Railways (FS) to acquire government by December 15. as director of FS’ National and GDP. Two-days later, FS said it Alitalia, beating bids submitted The deal will please Mr International Passenger had expressed a non-binding by EasyJet and Delta Airlines. Luigi Di Maio, leader of the Division and ’s High interest in acquiring Alitalia. If the deal is finalised, this will Five Star party, which forms Speed Division. To facilitate the takeover, a be the first time that a major part of Italy’s populist coalition Mazzoncini was a close new state-owned company railway has owned an airline government, who had been associate of former prime could be created which would since Canadian Pacific Railway campaigning for Alitalia to be minister Mr Matteo Renzi and be capitalised with É2bn from sold CP Air in 1986. rescued by a state-owned his dismissal was widely FS or the Ministry of Economy “We are convinced of the company rather than sold to a viewed as a political move by and Finance, with the latter soundness of the project at the foreign airline. the new administration. holding a 15% stake, although transport level,” FS CEO, Mr The Italian parliament passed On October 10, minister of this proposal does not have the Gianfranco Battisti, was a law in April, which set a economic development, universal backing of ministers. reported as saying on deadline of October 31 for the employment and social policies, FS’ pursuit of Alitalia November 20 by the Italian sale of the Alitalia, a process Mr Luigi di Maio, prime follows its recent takeover of business newspaper Jm!Tpmf!35 which has been delayed by the minister, Mr Giuseppe Conte, the National Autonomous Psf. “We believe we have the change of government following and Toninelli convened a Roads Corporation (ANAS) ambition and industrial March’s general election. meeting with executives from and South East Railway (FSE), maturity to guarantee Since entering extraordinary major state-owned enterprises, Italy’s second-largest railway, leadership in an integrated administration Alitalia has cut including FS. which was in extraordinary mobility project for the costs and increased revenues, The ministers told the administration at the time. country, so we wait for the including by 4.6% in the third representatives present that it Critics argue that all three conditions to be formalised. quarter of 2018 to É953m. expected their companies to are politically-motivated and We are interacting with many FS’ bid for Alitalia follows a make short-term investments do not reflect FS’ market- operators, among which is period of management of at least É35bn in a bid to driven strategy. There is also EasyJet. Soon we may be in a upheaval at the railway revive Italy’s stagnant the question of whether EU position to announce following the election of the economy and send a positive competition authorities will something definite.” new government. In July, signal of the government’s allow the concentration of such Alitalia has been in special incoming infrastructure and intentions to the European power and resources in to a administration since May 2017 transport minister, Mr Danilo Commission, which in October single state-owned enterprise. Kawasaki mulls exit from rolling stock market AWASAKI Heavy president, Mr Yoshinori 16.5bn ($US 145m) compared negotiating with LIRR on the Industries (KHI) has set up Kanehana, said the company is with the forecast announced in terms to exercise its options aK restructuring committee to reviewing options for its July, mainly due to losses in scheduled for the third quarter consider options for the future rolling stock division, including North American operations,” of FY2018, including a request of its rolling stock business due quitting the business or forming KHI said in a statement on for a price increase. As KHI to mounting losses from an alliance with another October 19. will now only supply 110 contracts in the United States company if restructuring is KHI’s US subsidiary, additional cars, it intends to and Japan. unsuccessful. Kawasaki Rail Car, secured a record a loss on the option of Following disappointing “We expect a decline in contract for 92 commuter cars about Yen 6bn in FY2018. quarterly results, KHI’s earnings of approximately Yen in 2013 from Long Island Rail KHI has recorded a Yen 5bn Road (LIRR) and Metro North loss on its $US 2bn contract for Railroad. KHI began production 748 metro cars for Washington on the assumption that options Metropolitan Area Transit for 584 additional cars would Authority (WMATA), which it be exercised. secured in 2010. In May 2018, “KHI expects a further defects in the wiring of some increase of costs in the base of the 7000 series cars in contract due to non- production were revealed, and achievement of revenue 548 of about 600 cars already improvement targets, higher- delivered will require rewiring. than-anticipated increases in KHI has also recorded a material costs for procured provision for a second-quarter goods and lower-than- loss of Yen 3bn on construction expected improvements in contracts for railway operators production efficiency at our in Japan due to the non- North America plants,” KHI achievement of cost reduction says. As a result, it expects a targets, higher-than-expected decline in earnings of around increases in material costs, and Yen 2.5bn in FY2018. disputes with customers over Photo: Photo: Joe Calisi Options from a contract with LIRR and Metro North have not met expectations. KHI says it has been specifications. 12 IRJ December 2018 December News_Layout 1 22/11/2018 12:44 Page 13

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IPEM estimates that this will 750m, while the maximum translate into a freight wagon axleload has been increased to market worth $US 17.4-23.5bn 25 tonnes. during the same period. United States After years of study, the US Serbia has completed the state of Oregon has released a reconstruction of the 95km Draft Environmental Impact Zrenjanin - Novi Sad line Statement (DEIS) for proposed following a seven-year, Dinars inter-city passenger upgrades 5.5bn ($US 53.1m) project. between Eugene and Prior to reconstruction, trains Portland. The plan aims to were limited to an average improve the frequency, speed of 20-30km/h, dropping convenience, speed and to 10km/h on some segments. reliability of inter-city Security checks at Paris . New Russian-built DMUs are passenger services between now operating the twice-daily Eugene-Springfield, Salem and UIC launches anti-terror research project passenger service, running at the city of Portland, part of the HE International Union of = assessment of security speeds of up to 80km/h. federally-designated Pacific TRailways (UIC) held the solutions and the need for better Northwest Rail Corridor. inaugural meeting in Paris on security at stations and on Sweden = The Port of Los Angeles is November 13 of the one-year trains while taking into account Trafikverket has completed the set to move ahead with its Sherpa research project to business constraints, and upgrading of the 31km single- planned $US 34m Terminal improve the protection of = practical tools such as track line between Söderhamn Island Railyard Enhancement trains and stations against training, guidelines, and best and Kilafors, which is part of Project, which is designed to terrorist attacks. practices for a common the TEN-T Core Network and optimise on-dock rail The Sherpa project is divided approach to raise awareness a key north-south freight operations and improve the into four work packages: and improve security at artery linking the East Coast flow of freight at the port, = developing a coherent stations and on trains. Line with the Northern Main following the award of a $US approach for terrorist risk Sherpa, which stands for a Line. Work began in 2010 and 21.6m grant by the state of assessment and management shared and coherent European the project has increased the California. The port will fund = analysis of emerging railway protection approach, is maximum train length to the remaining $US 12.4m. IRJ terrorism-related threats funded by the European against stations and trains Union’s Internal Security Fund.

RZD to invest $US 2.2bn in digitalisation RR 14 EVO USSIAN Railways (RZD) scientific and technical RAIL ROAD ACCESS PLATFORM has indicated it intends to developments, modern IT spendR up to Roubles 150bn solutions, and digitalisation. ($US 2.2bn) on digitalisation Belozerov also listed a up to 2025. number of key goals RZD is During the “unified digital aiming to achieve by 2025, platform” panel discussion at including increasing the use of the 12th International Forum electronic tickets for long- “Transport of Russia” in distance passenger services by on November 20, up to 70%. RZD chairman and director RZD is set to introduce general, Mr Oleg Belozerov, online facilities such as said that the goals set out by planning and providing door- the Russian president, Mr to-door services and booking Vladimir Putin, in May are and purchasing tickets for impossible without reliance on multi-modal travel. DB revives Fürth freight tunnel plan ERMAN infrastructure which was originally part of manager DB Network has the German reunification resumedG planning of a new infrastructure plan, is estimated 7.6km tunnel for freight trains at É400m. to relieve congestion and The tunnel will start at reduce noise levels in the Eltersdorf, north of Fürth, and Fürth/Nuremberg area. will take freight trains directly A financing agreement to Nuremberg’s freight yard. between DB Network and the The project has been German Federal Ministry of reassessed and accorded high Transport and Digital priority in the 2030 federal Infrastructure should be infrastructure plan. The concluded before the end of alignment is expected to be 2018. The cost of the project, finalised in 2020. IRJ December 2018 13 December TN_Layout 1 22/11/2018 12:47 Page 14

News | transit

Palermo to expand tramway network Photo: SYPTE HE Municipality of Palermo approved a ÉT700m project on November 3 to construct two new tram lines and extend four existing lines. Work is due to start on the project in 2019. The Municipality of Palermo and the Sicily Region will help to fund the project, plus É200m from the national government’s Pact for the South fund. The seven schemes are ranked in order of priority: = an 11km extension of from Via Balsamo to Viale Croce Rossa = a 1.5km extension of Line 1 - Rotherham tram-train finally opens from Notarbartolo to Via Duca della Verdura HE long-awaited Sheffield - section of a former freight line Stagecoach Supertram. = an 8km extension of Line 3 Rotherham tram-train pilot, to Rotherham Central, and The infrastructure from Viale della Regione theT first in Britain, carried its then along the main line to improvements were initially Siciliana to Orleans inaugural passengers on Rotherham Parkgate, which expected to cost £18.7m while = a 9.37km extension of Line 3 October 25, just over nine has been electrified by the pilot was expected to get from Orleans to Bonagia years since the project was Network Rail (NR) at 750V dc. underway in 2015. However, = a new 20km line from Viale announced and six-and-a-half Seven 37m-long Stadler design issues relating to the Croce Rossa to the seaside years since it was approved by CityLink tram-trains operate link between the light rail and town of Mondello the . the service, which runs at 20- heavy rail networks led to the = a new 9km line from Via The tram-train uses the minute intervals. delay and to cost increases, Duca della Verdura to Palermo Sheffield Supertram network The project is led by South initially to £58m and now central station, and between Sheffield Cathedral Yorkshire Passenger Transport £75m at the project’s conclusion. = a 5km extension of Line 1 to and Meadowhall South/ Executive (SYPTE) with the The two-year pilot is Borgata Marina of Sferracavallo. Tinsley, before proceeding over backing of NR, the Department intended to inform similar The inital 20km phase of the a new 160m chord at Tinsley to for Transport, , studies of the use of tram-train network was inaugurated in an upgraded and electrified and the city’s light rail operator technology in other cities. December 2015. Berlin to establish S-Bahn vehicle pool and sign HE German states of Berlin says Mrs Regine Günther, and Brandenburg have senator for the environment, fleet renewal contract agreedT to form a vehicle pool transport and climate. RANSPORT for London services contract, which is due for the acquisition of new According to the Berlin (TfL) announced on to begin when the first trains trains for the Berlin S-Bahn. senate, the primary aim of the NovemberT 20 that it has signed enter service in 2024. On November 6, the two procurement is to achieve the a contract with Siemens for 94 The supplier says it will states agreed to set up the pool highest quality and lowest New Tube for London trains work closely with TfL to as part of their preparations for price through a competitive for ’s “consider options for local the competitive tendering of process that is attractive to (LU) 71km Piccadilly Line. manufacture” in Britain. In the North-South and Stadtbahn multiple operators. State Delivery of the £1.5bn fleet, March Siemens announced sub-networks, which are funding will be used to build which is based on Siemens’ plans to establish a new rolling currently operated by DB up a new fleet of state-owned Inspiro metro train platform, is stock plant at Goole in East Regio subsidiary S-Bahn Berlin. S-Bahn trains. due to begin in 2023, enabling Yorkshire, where it plans to Procurement will begin in Between 2026 and 2033, 602 the withdrawal of the six-car create up to 700 jobs. November 2019 and the new two-car sets will be ordered 1973 Stock trains. The procurement is part of trains will be introduced on with an option for a further 88 The 100km/h trains will LU’s Deep Tube Upgrade the Stadtbahn in 2028-2031, two-car trains. feature air-conditioning and Programme, encompassing the with pre-series sets entering In December 2015, S-Bahn full-width gangways. Piccadilly, Bakerloo, Central, service from autumn 2026, and Berlin awarded a consortium Siemens was selected as and Waterloo & City lines, and on the North-South lines of Stadler Pankow and preferred bidder in June, but will increase capacity on the between 2030 and 2033. Siemens a framework contract signing was delayed Piccadilly Line from 24 to 27 “The new procurement contract to supply up to 1380 after Alstom and a Bombardier- trains per hour by 2026. concept for two thirds of the vehicles, with the initial order joint venture launched Procurement is also entire network will ensure for 106 trains. The first 10 legal challenges. underway for a signalling and effective, fair competition for trains will enter service on Siemens will provide spare train control contract for the manufacturers and operators,” Line S47 in January 2021. parts under a five-year fleet Deep . 14 IRJ December 2018 December TN_Layout 1 22/11/2018 12:47 Page 15

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Almaty Montreal Barranquilla LRT project moves forward Metro has awarded Montreal Transport (STM) and OLOMBIA’s Ministry of consortium of Cointer a Won 80.8m a consortium of Bombardier Finance and Public Credit Concesiones, Stadler Rail and ($US 70.8m) contract to supply and Alstom have signed an hasC approved the financing Transdev. Under the proposed 32 four-car trains by 2020 for amendment to a contract from scheme for a PPP project to PPP structure, 70% of the use on an extension of Line 1. October 2010 for an additional build a light rail line in project would be financed by The 80km/h trains will be 17 nine-car Azur metro trains, Barranquilla, a city of 1.2 the private sector with the fitted with CCTV. valued at $C 448m ($US 339.3m). million people. remainder coming from the Bombardier’s share of the The 9.5km electrified line municipal government. Berlin contract is valued at $C 281m, would follow the north-south The city’s mayor, Mr Schöneicher - Rüdersdorfer while Alstom’s is worth Calle 30 serving 15 stations and Alejandro Char, said the plans Tram (SRS) has purchased two $C 167m. carrying an estimated 101,000 will now go to Barranquilla pre-series Artic LRVs from passengers per day. District Council, which will Škoda Transtech, the Finnish Munich The project is being vote on the proposed subsidiary of Škoda DB Network has awarded the proposed by A Todo Tren, a agreement with A Todo Tren. Transportation. The deal first major construction follows a two-month trial with contract for the second network reaches 300km the LRVs which are certified Munich S-Bahn tunnel to a ESS than 16 years after the stations. Delhi Metro Rail for operation in Germany. consortium of Züblin, Wayss opening of its first line, the Corporation (DMRC) says it & Freytag, Max Bögl and DelhiL metro network passed has opened 80km of new lines Bern Bauer Spezialtiefbau. The the 300km mark on October 31 so far this year and it expects Bernmobil has launched a É189m contract covers with the inauguration of the to open the remaining 33.5km tender for up to 50 low-floor additional tracks and points, 17.8km eastern section of the of the 123.8km Phase 3 43m-long LRVs worth around two flyovers and a double- orbital (Line 7) from network expansion by the end SFr 100m ($US 100.6m). The track steel-arch bridge. Shiv Vihar to Trilokpuri of this month. contract is due to be awarded Construction is expected to Sanjay Lake. The 3.2km Escorts Mujesar - by the end of 2019. Delivery of start in autumn 2019. The opening of this stretch Ballabhgarh section of the the initial batch of 20 LRVs takes the total length of the Violet Line opened on will take place between early Turin network to 314km with 229 November 19. 2023 and autumn 2024. Turin Transport Group (GTT) has launched an international Budapest tender for a firm order for 30 Milwaukee launches The Hop Streetcar Fömterv and Viköti have won LRVs worth É75m for a Forints 3bn ($US 10.5m) operation on the city’s 88km contract to develop plans to 10-line tram network. The extend Budapest’s metro Line contract will include an initial 3 north with four stations. The É25m option for 10 LRVs and two Hungarian companies will a second É75m option for 30 prepare the project for vehicles. approval and create detailed construction plans once Urumqi approval is granted. Trial operation began on October 25 on the city’s first Düsseldorf metro line: an initial 16.5km Rheinbahn has begun trialling section of the north-south Line predictive maintenance with 1 linking Urumqi Diwopu the installation of Knorr- International Airport with Bremse’s iCOM digital platform Balou in the city centre. The on three type NF8U LRVs, 11km southern section from which serves as a central data Balou to Santunbei is under hub and monitors a rail construction. The total cost of vehicles’ condition. Rheinbahn Line 1 is Yuan 21.7bn ($US says the technology allows it to 3.1bn). carry out maintenance in line with actual component wear, Photo: David Wilson Zaragoza while potential problems are CAF subsidiary, RL Components, ILWAUKEE’s 4km, 18- Services a contract to operate identified early. alongside Zaragoza Tram, has station The Hop Streetcar and maintain the network presented the first light rail wasM opened on November 2, until December 2023, with an vehicle to feature front end with passengers travelling free optional five-year extension. London The British government will components produced entirely for the first year of operation Transdev will subcontract grant a £350m short- using additive manufacturing, funded by Potawatomi Hotel maintenance of the tram fleet term loan after it announced or 3D printing. Each component & Casino. $US 55m of the $US to Brookville Equipment that the opening of the central was produced as a mono-bloc 124m project funding came Corporation, which is section of the £14.8bn part, a process in which the from the US Federal Transit supplying five Liberty LRVs. Elizabeth Line between component is printed only Administration. The three-section low-floor Paddington and Abbey Wood once and can potentially In September 2017, articulated vehicles are 20.42m will be postponed from produce parts of up to 5m³in Milwaukee Department of long and accommodate up to December until autumn 2019. size. IRJ Public Works awarded Transdev 150 passengers. IRJ December 2018 15 December FN_Layout 1 22/11/2018 09:17 Page 16

News | financial Greenbrier and Saudi Railway Company to form joint venture REENBRIER and Saudi JV will establish a new multi- wagons in revenue service. It international public and Railway Company (SAR) modal business centred on will also operate intermodal private investors. announcedG on October 26 that creating and maximising and other freight terminals. The announcement came as they have reached an existing and new freight In turn, SAR will provide the Greenbrier announced its agreement to form a joint corridors throughout Saudi JV with locomotives, rail access fourth quarter highlights, venture (JV) to “execute Arabia and the wider Gulf and service schedules to including net earnings railway projects and supply Cooperation Council region. operations. Using its attributable to Greenbrier for wagons for profitable growth Greenbrier will supply new investment syndication model, the quarter of $US 30.9m, or of the Saudi freight rail wagons up to a total of $US Greenbrier will facilitate the $US 0.94 per diluted share, on market,” with an investment of 100m, as well as lifting generation of an additional revenue of $US 689.2m. Riyals 1bn ($US 266.6m). equipment and other terminal $US 170m for the JV in Adjusted Ebitda was $US Greenbrier and SAR say the investment necessary to place collaboration with SAR and 75.3m, or 10.9% of revenue.

Four prequalify for DSB fleet tender ANISH State Railways (DSB) has shortlisted four manufacturersD for a tender to supply at least 100 trains to replace its diesel fleet. Alstom, Bombardier, Siemens and Stadler now have until the beginning of 2019 to prepare their first negotiation offer. Once the offers have been submitted, DSB will enter into negotiations with the individual manufacturers about their solution and the tender’s requirements. At the Transdev wins Hannover S-Bahn contract beginning of 2020, the manufacturers will make their RANSDEV subsidiary incumbent operator DB Regio, Accessibility will also be final offers, with contract North West Rail (NWB) has Keolis and Abellio submitted improved, with open award scheduled for mid-2020. beenT awarded a contract to bids in mid-2016 and the gangways and even floors operate S-Bahn services in and contract was awarded to NWB throughout the train except for around Hannover from in May, but put on hold while stairs near the cab. The trains SNCF to purchase December 2021, following an an appeal was heard. will also be equipped with a unsuccessful appeal. The NWB is obliged to use 13 toilet and Wi-Fi. stake in BlaBlaCar É1.5bn, 12.5-year contract has former DB Regio class 425 NWB is obliged to use 13 RENCH National Railways an annual average of 9.6 four-car EMUs that were former DB Regio class 425 (SNCF) has begun million train-km on the 385km directly funded by the four-car EMUs that were exclusiveF negotiations with regional network. contracting authorities, but directly funded by the carpooling specialist BlaBlaCar The contract is the outcome will also order 64 new Stadler contracting authorities, but to enable SNCF’s e-commerce of a joint tender led by the Flirt 160 EMUs at a cost of will also order 64 new Stadler platform, Oui.SNCF, to offer Hannover regional government, around É320m. Flirt 160 EMUs (pictured) at a train and bus, and train and carpooling services. together with Lower Saxony The tender focuses on cost of around €320m, Under the É101m deal, Transport Authority (LNVG) security and comfort, and including €5m for spare parts, and Westphalia-Lippe Local called for a conductor on each which have capacity of 397 SNCF will purchase shares in Transport (NWL), located in train. Capacity will be boosted passengers, including 180 BlaBlaCar while BlaBlaCar will the neighbouring state of on lines S1, S2 and S5, which seated, and will have a acquire SNCF’s Ouibus unit North Rhine Westphalia. NWB, carry the most traffic. maximum speed of 160km/h. and enter the European long- distance bus market. By the end of this year, Hitachi to increase Ansaldo STS shareholding to 82.6% Oui.SNCF will start to include ITACHI has reached an 17.4% of the shares. Once with Elliott complaining about BlaBlaCar carpooling options agreement with Elliott to secured, Hitachi plans to delist Ansaldo STS’s strategy and for journeys alongside rail and purchaseH the investment group’s the company. governance since the takeover. bus services. From summer 31.8% stake in Ansaldo STS for Elliott rejected Ansaldo STS’ Ansaldo STS’ independent 2019, Oui.SNCF users will be É807.8m, or É12.70 per share. offer to buy its stake in the and non-executive directors offered rail and bus The transaction will take Italian company in 2015, selected by Elliot in May 2016, intermodal services, with rail Hitachi’s shareholding in judging the É9.50 share offer Ms Rosa Cipriotti, Mr Michele and carpooling intermodal Ansaldo STS to 82.6% and the as too low, thus frustrating the Alberto Fabiano Crisostomo options following later. SNCF company will now launch a Japanese firm’s desire to take and Mr Fabio Labruna, all says it will then be possible for voluntary tender offer at the full control. The companies resigned from the company on customers to combine train, same price for the remaining have since been at loggerheads, November 2. bus and carpooling. 16 IRJ December 2018 December FN_Layout 1 22/11/2018 09:17 Page 17

In brief

Belgium have been specially designed Hauts-de-France orders Omneo EMUs has awarded British for operation in tropical Steel a four-year network conditions. renewal contract. The contract calls for the supply of 35,000- Germany 40,000 tonnes of rail per year Vossloh reported group sales from January 2019 and more of É205.1m in the third than 3000km of rail in total. quarter, 11.3% below the corresponding figure in the Brazil third quarter of 2017, but the Rumo’s port, rail and terminal company says the result was subsidiaries in Brazil recorded expected, primarily due to a positive result of Reais 136m temporarily-weaker sales in ($US 35.7m) in the first nine the fastening systems months of 2018, reversing a business unit in China. Reais 201.1m loss for the same period in 2017. Latvia’s transport minister Canada Mr Uldis Augulis confirmed Canadian Pacific Railway (CP) on November 5 that the announced third-quarter cabinet has approved the RENCH National Railways trains to French regions. revenues of $C 1.9bn ($US allocation of 259m from the (SNCF) has awarded Hauts-de-France region will É 1.4bn) on October 18, its state budget to fund the BombardierF a 256m contract become the organising É highest ever for any quarter acquisition of new EMUs for to supply 19 Omneo Premium authority for the operation of and up 19% from $C 1.6bn in national passenger operator double-deck EMUs, Paris - - Boulogne and Q3 2017. CP also achieved a Pasazieru Vilciens. which the state is buying on Paris - St Quentin - record-low quarterly operating behalf of the Hauts-de-France Maubeuge/Cambrai inter-city ratio of 58.3%. region. services with effect from Moldova Moldovan Railways (CFM) The order is part of a 2010 January 1 2019 as part of a signed a 45m contract with framework contract between 2016 agreement with the Chile É Chilean State Railways (EFE) GE Transportation on SNCF and Bombardier to French government. Deliveries has awarded CRRC Sifang a November 6 for 12 Evolution provide up to 860 double-deck will begin in 2022. $US 77m contract for 13 new Series diesel locomotives. trains, which EFE Ferrocarriles Delivery of the 2.98MW Trainose acquires Greek rolling del Sur will operate on the locomotives is due to begin Biotren, Corto Laja and Victoria- in early-2020. The contract stock maintenance company Temuco services in the Biobío includes the modernisation although HRADF says final REEK privatisation agency and La Araucanía regions. of CFM’s depot in the completion of the transaction the Hellenic Republic Moldovan capital Chisinau. AssetG Development Fund is conditional on sign-off from other competent authorities. Cuba (HRADF) finalised the É22m Cuban Railways (UFC) signed Trainose submitted the only Russia sale of Hellenic Company for a contract worth around É48m Russian fertiliser producer, formal bid for Rosco in March, Rolling Stock Maintenance with RM Rail, Russia, for 837 MCC EuroChem, has although FS had submitted an (Rosco) to national train freight wagons at the Havana awarded a contract to United expression of interest before operator and Italian State trade fair at the end of Wagon for 700 wagons to completing its acquisition of Railways (FS) subsidiary October. The order comprises transport potash from its Trainose in 2017. Trainose on October 29. vehicles of seven different Usolskiy Potash plant. Škoda Transportation also The deal was signed types, including wagons for Deliveries will be completed submitted an EOI but following approval by the cement and sugar cane which in the first half of 2019. IRJ Greek Court of Auditors, ultimately decided not to bid.

IRJ December 2018 17 December Brazil freight_Layout 1 20/11/2018 17:55 Page 18

South America | Brazil New government set to prioritise rail freight network development Brazil’s president-elect is expected to maintain the country’s new line construction programme and continue the process to renew the regional rail freight concessions, the first of which are expected to be concluded soon. Renata Passos reports on the latest developments.

RAZIL’s newly-elected president, South Railway. Total investment is line will be 1142km long and will create Mr Jair Bolsonaro, will inherit the estimated at Reais 3bn ($US 793m) over a new rail export corridor in northern Investment Partnerships the 30-year duration of the sub-concession, Brazil, connecting Sinop in the grain- ProgrammeB (PPI), which provides for including rolling stock, which is beyond producing region of the midwest with the construction of new railways in the value of the bid price for the the port of Miritituba, on the east bank Brazil. However, in future the PPI team concession. According to Brazil’s National of the Tapajós river. The railway is will report directly to the president Land Transport Agency (ANTT), the forecast to carry around 25 million rather than various ministries. At the auction should take place early in 2019. tonnes of freight a year initially rising to same time, pronouncements by the This 1537km section links Porto 43.3 tonnes by 2050. president indicate that the current Nacional, just south of Palmas in Also at the public hearing stage is the process of renewing freight concessions Tocantins state, with Estrela d’Oeste, in final section of the West-East will continue despite the change of São Paulo state. The northern 855km Integration Railway (Fiol). The 1527km government. With these developments, stretch from Porto Nacional to Anápolis line will run from Ilhéus, on the coast of rail freight is firmly on the agenda. is already in operation, while the 682km Bahia, to Figueirópolis on the North- More new lines will be built in the southern part from Ouro Verde to South Railway. The route will mainly next few years. Three are federal Estrela d’Oeste is 95% complete. The serve the grain producing area of government projects under PPI railway is considered as one of the main western Bahia and aid the exploitation comprising an extension to the North- projects to benefit agricultural production. of iron-ore in the Caetité region. The South Railway (FNS), Ferrogrão, and The Reais 12.7bn Ferrogrão project is 537km section from Ilhéus to Caetité is the West-East Integration Railway (Fiol). still in the public consultation phase, more than 70% complete and the 485km Bidding will start before the end of and it is planned to publish bidding section from Caetité to Barreiras is the year for a new sub-concession for documents for the 65-year concession in around 20% complete, while the final the south-central section of the North- the second quarter of 2019. The new 505km stretch is still at the study and

18 IRJ December 2018 December Brazil freight_Layout 1 20/11/2018 17:55 Page 19

Brazilian rail industry primed for growth CCORDING to Mr Fernando 30,000 tonnes of castings and 85,000 new Reais 100m road-trailer and freight Paes, executive director of the wheels per year of which 20% are wagon production facility at Araraquara, National Association of Railway destined for export to the African and São Paulo, in March, and the factory CarriersA (ANTF), renovations totalling Latin American markets. The director began production of hopper wagons in around Reais 25bn are expected in the general of AmstedMaxion, Mr José November. The first batch of PET flat first five years of the new concessions, Santos de Araújo, is optimistic that the wagons, designed for the transport of although Mr Vicente Abate, president of Brazilian railway industry will grow. steel materials and 20ft and 40ft the Brazilian Railway Industry Association “We went through the industry crisis, containers was supplied to MRS. The (Abifer) believes the total investment but we believe that Brazil will evolve,” factory has the capacity to produce up could be higher. he says. to 2000 semi-trailers and freight wagons About one-third will be for rolling Randon Implementos inaugurated a per year. stock and track materials such as 5000 sleepers and fastenings. “Renewals will *forecast be a major boost to the industry, which 120 has lost 3000 employees in the last two 4500 years,” Abate says. The Brazilian rail industry has installed capacity to manufacture 12,000 freight 4000 wagons and 250 locomotives annually, 100 but demand has been falling steadily during the last four years, with only 60 3500 locomotives and 2500 freight wagons expected to be produced this year (see graph). 80 3000 According to ANTF, in 2017 the Brazilian rail freight fleet comprised 3268 locomotives and 109,160 wagons. Wagons 2500 Locomotives The acquisition of 715 locomotives and 60 8580 wagons is forecast for the first few years of the new concession. 2000 The rail industry is already prepared for the anticipated increase in demand. Greenbrier Maxion, with an installed 40 1500 capacity of 10,000 wagons a year, designs and produces all types of equipment at its highly-automated 1000 plant in Hortolândia, São Paulo. 20 Greenbrier Maxion has exported 50 GDN wagons to Peru for the transport 500 of copper in September, as well as wagons to Gabon, Guinea, Venezuela, Congo, Colombia, Argentina and Saudi Arabia. 0 0 AmstedMaxion, located in Cruzeiro, 2015 2016 2017 2018* 2015 2016 2017 2018* São Paulo, has the capacity to produce Table 1 (left) shows recent locomotive production in Brazil coupled with wagon output (Table 2). project stage. The project includes a projects will have priority. The first is Paulo city to Manoel Feio in 2.9km bridge over the São Francisco the 383km section of the Central-West Itaquaquecetuba in exchange for the river and is estimated to cost Reais 3bn. Integration Railway (Fico) from Água renewal of its concession. In July, two other projects were added Boa to a junction with the North-South Under new legislation, a concessionaire to the PPI: the Vitória-Rio Railway Railway at Campinorte. Budgeted at can now invest in other railways or linking ports in the states of Rio de Reais 4bn, Fico will be built by mining projects. And Mr Vicente Abate, Janeiro and Espirito Santo, and the company Vale, which in return will president of the Brazilian Railway 477km northern section of the North- have the concessions for the Carajás Industry Association (Abifer), believes South Railway from Açailândia to and Vitória-Minas railways renewed lawmakers were right to propose cross- Barcarena. The initial proposal is to until 2057. Even discounting what Vale investment to keep money in the implement the Vitória-Rio Railway spent to duplicate the Carajás railway, industry. “This kind of reinvestment has project as part of the renewal of Central the company would have to pay a Reais a multiplier effect,” he says. Atlantic Railway (FCA) concession. 4bn fee to renew its concession. However, The government intends to work with rather than paying the fee it could build the private sector to develop projects Fico instead. This is one way to ensure Concession renewal considered of strategic importance, that the money remains in the rail sector. Mr Fernando Paes, executive director while in return, the companies will There is also a possibility that MRS of the National Association of Railway have other contracts, such as railway Logístics will construct a 53km line Carriers (ANTF), believes that the new concessions, renewed for 30 years. Two parallel to a ring road from Perus in São government will continue with the rail IRJ December 2018 19 December Brazil freight_Layout 1 20/11/2018 17:55 Page 20

South America | Brazil

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freight concession renewal programme. October 3, and is expected to be by concessionaires to deal with the “The fact is there is no short or approved and concluded first, with the issue of uneconomic lines in a technical medium-term alternative capable of other two concessions finalised by the and objective way. Various options dealing with the bottlenecks and end of the year. ANTT expects public being considered include closure, structural problems facing Brazilian hearings for the MRS and FCA putting loss-making lines to another use logistics that does not involve the early concessions to be conducted before the such as the transport of passengers or renewal of the concession contracts,” end of the year. the operation of tourist trains, or turning them into American-style short lines designed to feed freight into the main railway corridors. “It is not reasonable to imagine that the extension The doubling of transport capacity on the Paulista of concession contracts will occur without these issues being addressed,” Paes Network is an essential condition for the flow of the says. “Certainly, renewals presuppose a “ solution to these problems.” growing volumes of freight. Fernando Paes A study prepared by the Getulio Vargas Foundation (FGV) concluded that the early extension of the railway concessions, due to expire by the late Paes says. “The doubling of transport capacity 2020s, would be the best way for the ANTF data shows that rail freight on the Paulista Network is an essential government to stimulate investment in traffic is continuing to grow. Comparing condition for the flow of the growing the sector, as well as renegotiate the the first three quarters of 2017 with the volumes of freight, especially grain terms of the current concession contracts. corresponding period this year, freight coming from Estrela d’Oeste,” Paes FGV has calculated that additional traffic increased by 19.57% from 350.7 says. “The Carajás Railway has the investment in rail would produce million net tonnes to 419.4 million. same importance from the point of view benefits of around Reais 10bn, with 75% Five concessions totalling 12,675km of the shipment of freight through the of the benefits derived from a reduction and representing more than 90% of the port of Itaqui; in this case, the difference of transport costs, due to the migration freight carried on Brazil’s railways is that the duplication has already been of freight from road to rail, while a annually are up for renewal: made by the concessionaire. Carajás reduction in accidents, congestion and = the Paulista Network, which is and the Paulista Network are examples pollution would account for the currently operated by Rumo of the positive, highly-welcome impact remaining 25%. FGV says that each = the 1600mm-gauge network serving that these renovations will provoke for Reais 1m invested in rail would have a the states of Minas Gerais, Rio de the ‘backbone’ of the rail freight system.” positive impact on the economy 3.1 Janeiro and São Paulo operated by MRS According to Paes, the Paulista/ times greater, in addition to the effect Logistics Rumo concession renewal process on employment, income and taxes. = the Carajás Railway (EFC) and should serve as a template for future If the early renewal of the concessions Vitória-Minas Railway (EFVM), both of renewals. “From the Rumo process, we does not take place, the benefits can which are operated by Vale, and have developed know-how, templates only be captured in theory after 2027, = FCA, which is operated by VLI. and a standard methodology that will with the result that the benefits derived Paes says public hearings have be applied to new processes,” Paes says. from the investment made by the new already been held for the Paulista “It is only natural that the agency will concessionaires will be lower, the report Network, EFC and EFVM. The Paulista be more agile in the processes that will concludes. Hence the desire to bring Network concession was submitted to follow.” forward renewal of the remaining the Brazilian Court of Audit (TCU) on A new methodology has been adopted concessions. IRJ

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IRJ December 2018 21 December Sao Paulo_Layout 1 22/11/2018 13:12 Page 22

South America | São Paulo

São Paulo targets rail expansion The state of São Paulo is investing more to expand the urban rail network in the São Paulo metropolitan area, build light rail lines and introduce a two-line inter-city network in the state. Renata Passos reports on the progress made so far and the challenges facing the expansion.

N addition to the president of the the recent economic crisis, railway construction of new light rail lines in republic, Brazilians elected development is one of the Doria major metropolitan regions outside São representatives of the federal and government’s priorities and the Paulo city and the introduction of an stateI legislatives including state administration is targeting expansion inter-city service between São Paulo, governors in elections held at the end of through public-private partnerships (PPPs). Campinas and Americana. the October. In São Paulo, the richest The new governor wants to accelerate Mrs Roberta Marchesi, superintendent state in the country and with the largest work already underway on the São Paulo of the National Association of Passenger rail transport network, Mr João Doria of Metro and Paulista Metropolitan Trains Rail Operators (ANPTrilhos), has a the incumbent Social Democrat party, Company’s (CPTM) suburban network, positive view of the new programme which has been in power for 24 years, as well as execute new projects to expand and the administration’s objectives. was elected for a four-year term. capacity and modernise existing lines. “We believe that the new governor will Despite budget constraints following The programme also proposes the enable the realisation of new projects,”

22 IRJ December 2018 December Sao Paulo_Layout 1 20/11/2018 17:40 Page 23

Marchesi says. “It follows a more liberal Current work on the metro includes economic line and investment will be the extension of Line 5/Lilac. Nine reinforced mostly with the support of stations were added in 2017 and 2018, the private sector. We also have a very two of which interconnect with Line high expectation for medium-speed 1/Blue and Line 2/Green, while a regional trains.” station at Campo Belo will open in early Mr Clodoaldo Pelissioni, secretary of 2019 connecting with the future Line state for metropolitan transport with 17/Gold monorail which is also under the São Paulo state government, construction. Concessions to operate explains that from January 2015 to these two lines were awarded to December 2018, the state government ViaMobilidade in August. invested Reais 17bn ($US 4.53bn), or an Line 17/Gold will have eight stations average of Reais 4.3bn a year. “With the in this first phase and will run from an works already completed, we will add interchange with CPTM Line 9/ between 500,000 and 700,000 new Emerald at Morumbi via Campo Belo passengers per day to the metro and on metro Line 5/Lilac to Congonhas CPTM network,” Pelissioni says. “And station, near the airport of the same with the projects set to be completed by name, providing the first rail link to the 2020, there will be another 500,000 city’s second airport. passengers. Today the rail network Operations are expected to start in carries 7.5 million passengers per day 2020 following a six-year delay. However, and this is expected to reach 8 million this now looks doubtful. Last month, by the beginning of 2019.” Scomi, the Malaysian company

Services were extended to four further stations on the Line 15/silver monorail in April, taking the length of the line to 7.6km. An initial 2.9km section opened in 2014. IRJ December 2018 23 December Sao Paulo_Layout 1 22/11/2018 13:12 Page 24

South America | São Paulo

responsible for building the monorail of around 35 minutes at a fare of Reais with luggage compartments for exclusive trains, signalled that it wanted to leave 8. The service travels over three CPTM operation on Line 13/Jade, which are the consortium. The manufacturer has lines: 11/Coral, 12/Sapphire and expected to enter service in the second yet to start construction of an assembly 13/Jade, with direct airport services half of 2019. plant while it has transpired that the coordinated with commuter trains. Another project in the final phase of cost of the project has increased by There is also a direct stopping service implementation is Line 4/Yellow, the Reais 2bn to around Reais 3.7bn. São between Brás and Guarulhos Airport, first phase of which has been operated Paulo Metro was planning to meet the ViaMobilidade consortium at the end of November to try to find a solution. The inauguration of CPTM Line 13/Jade earlier this year made it possible to The Airport Express provides a direct service five times introduce three services between the centre of São Paulo and Guarulhos per day, Monday to Friday, between Luz station and International Airport, Brazil’s busiest, “ Guarulhos Airport with a journey time of around 35 which was also not previously served by rail. According to Pelissioni, the minutes. project required an investment of Reais 2.1bn. “Of the 12km extension, 8km is an elevated line which crosses the Tietê River and highways,” he says. “For this, which currently only operates in the by the concessionaire ViaQuatro since the largest viaduct was built as a curve early morning and early evening. A 2010. The second phase comprises the and is 74m high and 690m long.” half-hourly service is also available, but construction of five stations, four of The Airport Express provides a direct passengers have to change between which have already been completed, the service five times per day, Monday to lines 12 and 13 at Engineer Goulart. The most recent being São Paulo-Morumbi Friday, between Luz station and Temoinsa-Sifang consortium is in October. Guarulhos Airport with a journey time currently manufacturing eight trains Line 4 is 11.3km long and has 10

Luz station is a major interchange between metro, suburban and airport rail services. 24 IRJ December 2018 December Sao Paulo_Layout 1 21/11/2018 09:49 Page 25

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stations between Luz and São Paulo- According to Pelissioni, the metro’s investment, the next management team Morumbi. With the addition of this new management is prioritising the can complete these improvements,” station, São Paulo now has a 96km six- completion of work on lines 4, 5, 15 and Pelissioni says. “In the early 1990s, CPTM line network with 84 stations. According 17. In the case of CPTM, work is also set carried 700,000 passengers/day. Today, to Pelissioni, only Vila Sônia station will to resume on the 4.5km section of Line with practically the same network, there be pending in 2020 and the second 9 from Grajaú to Varginha, which are three million passengers/day.” phase is budgeted at Reais 1.9bn. When involves the construction of stations at completed, the 12.8km Line 4 should Mendes-Vila Natal and Varginha. Work carry 893,000 passengers per day. had been halted since the end of 2016 CBTC Despite two stations opening on the due to delays in the transfer of federal Regarding the metro, Pelissioni says initial 2.9km section in 2014, monorail funds. A further Reais 945m is needed that the refurbishment of 98 trains was Line 15/Silver had to wait four years to build four road viaducts over the recently completed and he expects for a four-station extension. The 4.7km railway. “This is an important project as installation of CBTC, which is already link from Oratório to São Mateo opened it serves a low-income peripheral region,” in use on Line 2/Green, to be extended in April this year and tenders are Pelissioni says. The extension is expected to the entire network by 2020. “By 2019, expected to be invited this month for a to open in 2020 and add 110,000 passengers it should be completed on Line 1/Blue new contractor to complete work at to the 620,000 weekday passengers the and in 2020 on Line 3/Red,” he says. four further stations as well as start existing 32.8km line already carries. “We are also buying 38 sets of platform work at Jardim Colonial. The contract As well as new projects, Pelissioni screen doors to prevent accidents, will be signed in March 2019, with work believes the new government should which will be installed on lines 1 and 3, commencing in April, and completion continue to modernise the existing and on the busiest stations on Line 2.” of the first station scheduled for metro and CPTM networks. He says One of the most anticipated future October 2019. improvements have been carried out projects is metro Line 6/Orange. The This new tender is necessary because and that two-thirds of CPTM’s 94 stations 18.4km 17-station line will connect the many construction companies cannot are now accessible to disabled passengers northwest and eastern regions of the obtain finance to continue the works with all set to be accessible by 2020. city, interchanging with several existing following the national Operation Car In addition, delivery of 65 new metro lines. “The problem is that the builders Wash corruption scandal which has trains will be completed in March, and of the winning consortium (Move São gradually enveloped an increasing he says a further 20 trains are required Paulo) have not been able to obtain number of Brazilian companies and to expand CPTM’s fleet to the same size funding from Brazil’s National Bank for politicians since 2014. as that of the metro. “With a Reais 2bn Economic and Social Development IRJ December 2018 25 December Sao Paulo_Layout 1 20/11/2018 17:40 Page 26

South America | São Paulo

São Paulo inter-city project gains momentum HE Reais 20bn inter-city rail Americana IRJ project, which calls for the construction of a 477km regional networkT in São Paulo state, with trains Campinas N operating at a maximum speed of 140km/h, is expected to get off the Campinas Viracopos drawing board soon. Airport Taubaté The two lines will intersect in São Paulo and will serve 24 stations. The Jundiaí São José dos Campos north-south line will connect Americana with Santos while the east- west line will run from Sorocaba to Taubaté. The network should directly Guarulhos Airport and indirectly serve 173 cities and carry Sorocaba more than 170,000 passengers a day. The 135km section between São Paulo, Campinas and Americana is São Paulo expected to be built first. Trains will use Amador Bueno the same tracks as CPTM’s Line 7/Ruby between São Paulo and Jundiai. From there to Americana new tracks will be laid parallel to an existing Planned InterCity Train Network CPTM commuter lines freight railway. Santos Pelissioni says the São Paulo - Jundiaí Freight lines Bumboujd!!Pdfbo section will need additional tracks to New lines enable fast inter-city trains to overtake unelectrified, so bi-mode electric-diesel Paulo and Campinas is already very much slower CPTM commuter trains. trains are an option. It is a different mature,” he says. “Although the This will increase the cost of the project story for the Campinas - Americana government has difficulty obtaining by Reais 5bn with the state contributing section as this line is heavily used by funding for its part in PPPs, solutions a third. freight trains so investment in will have to be sought. Another way to Rail freight concessionaire Rumo additional tracks would be needed. look for funding is through real estate supports the introduction of the inter- Mr Vicente Abate, president of the development next to the stations, as city service between Jundiai and Brazilian Railway Industry Association happens all over the world. The fact is Campinas, because the line carries little (Abifer), says that suppliers are we need medium-distance trains. Only freight traffic. However, this section counting on the inter-city project. “We Brazil, among the emerging countries, does not have signalling and is know that the project between São does not have this type of operation.”

(BNDES) because of Operation Car Wash,” south to Djalma Dutra, in the centre of notice and requested changes to the Pelissioni says. “We will annul the São Bernardo do Campo, was awarded tender. A public session for the submission contract and launch a new tender in 2019.” four years ago. However, the Vem ABC of proposals from prospective bidders is The project involves an investment of consortium was unable to start work now scheduled for December 13 at the about Reais 10bn through a PPP, with because it did not have the necessary headquarters of the Metropolitan Urban the state of São Paulo paying Reais 1bn land, while the federal government Transport Company (EMTU) in São and the remaining Reais 9bn divided lacked the required funds for the project Bernardo do Campo. between private investors and the state as it was trying to reduce its debt burden. The 8km extension with 14 stations government.” The plan now is to implement the will branch off the existing line at Another planned scheme is the Reais 6bn project as a PPP. The line will Conselheiro Nébias to serve the Valongo extension of Line 2/Green from Vila have 13 stations and is expected to carry district in northern Santos. Work is Prudente to Penha on Line 3/Red in the around 320,000 passengers per day. expected to start at the beginning of east of the city. The estimated cost of the Even when all these projects are 2019 and take two years to complete. extension is Reais 6.5bn. São Paulo completed, São Paulo will still require A third 7.5km extension with four Metro had obtained Reais 1.5bn from more lines to plug gaps in the network stations is also planned. It will link the BNDES but decided to use the resources and tackle the city’s chronic road Barreiros area to Samaritá in São to complete Line 5/Lilac instead. Under congestion and pollution. Vicente, which has a population of a third stage, the idea is to extend the approximately 120,000 inhabitants. line north to the city of Guarulhos. These two extensions will expand the These extensions will add 14km and 13 Light rail light rail network to 26km at a cost of stations to Line2/Green, making it the Tenders for an extension to the about Reais 2bn. longest metro line in São Paulo with a Baixada Santista light rail line, which Sorocaba is also planning a light rail total length of 29km and 27 stations. connects Barreiros, in São Vicente, and line, and five companies are bidding for Work is expected to start in 2021 or 2022. the port of Santos, with 15 stations, a contract to carry out a study into its The contract to build the 14km Line were republished last month after the implementation, operation and 18/Bronze monorail from Tamanduateí Court of Auditors suspended the bidding maintenance. The line will run from 26 IRJ December 2018 December Sao Paulo_Layout 1 20/11/2018 17:40 Page 27

The new airport express service offers a journey time of 35 minutes between Luz station and Guarulhos Airport.

George Oeterer, in Iperó, to the district allowing the municipality to operate Marchesi says the electorate has given a of Brigadeiro Tobias. Between 150,000 LRVs on Rumo’s rail network. This will clear signal for the introduction of a and 200,000 passengers per day are be the first time in Brazil that LRVs and somewhat more liberal policy that expected to use the line. freight trains will share the same tracks. prioritises acceleration of investment According to the City of Sorocaba, the Rail development in greater São with the participation of the private 13km first stage of the project, scheduled Paulo has experienced a mixed record sector under the supervision and to open in August 2020, will operate in recent years. But with projects regulation of the state. “This is how it between George Oeterer and the centre progressing at their own pace towards works in all the major economies of the of Sorocaba using an existing railway. A conclusion, the network is becoming world,” she says. “In the coming years, contract has been signed between the better equipped to meet transport Brazil may be in this same scenario and municipality of Sorocaba and Rumo demand in this vast city region. Indeed, aligned with this development.” IRJ Have you got the tools to succeed?

Projects Fleet Tenders

With continually updated and searchable content, IRJ Pro gives you a unique and up-to-date perspective on investment in new railways and rolling stock as well as the latest global rail tenders. IRJ To find out more visit irjpro.com or contact Chloe Pickering, [email protected], +44 1326 313945 P R O IRJ December 2018 27 December Mexico_Layout 1 21/11/2018 15:01 Page 28

Central America | Mexico Yucatan railway finally gets green light Construction is expected to start this month on a public-private project to build a 1500km railway aimed primarily at tourists visiting Mexico’s popular Yucatan Peninsula. Michael Renouf describes the project and some of the challenges it faces. T last it is coming: the Maya Train of Mexico to Valladolid. Although not will only intervene to suggest a route project to build a passenger currently used, the government has adjustment if it discovers an important railway to transport tourists been able to add this line to the projected structure or buried city. aroundA Mexico’s Yucatan Peninsula, route with minimal consultation. In addition, engineers will not have which has been discussed since 2012, The new line will run from Izamal via an easy task as the railway will have to has appeared over the horizon and is the Mayan ruins at Chichén Itza and traverse rivers, lakes, underground about to pull into the station. Valladolid to Cancun, and then along cenotes and harsh jungle terrain. The Mexico’s president-elect, Mr Andres the Caribbean coast through Playa del new government plans to give work Manuel Lopez Obrador, made the Carmen and Bacalar, before turning visas to migrants in order to put building of the Trans-Peninsula Tourist inland to Escárcega to connect with the adequate manpower behind the project. Train (TPT) line one of his core existing line. There will also be a branch There is currently 162km of existing campaign promises and with Amlo, as line to serve another Mayan track between Merida and Valladolid, he is known in Mexico, set to take office archaeological site at Calakmul. but it only has 40kg/m rails. As the on December 1, and the first works on The project is currently in the process project specifies 57kg/m rail, the track the project due to begin on December 16 of tendering regarding topography, on this section will have to be replaced. with a ceremony in Palenque, Chiapas, it geophysical, environmental, pre- Current proposals call for the railway is on the verge of becoming reality. feasibility and release-rights-of-way to operate from 06.00 to 21.40, with This is the second attempt to build a studies which will start to highlight the trains initially running every 30 new railway in the area. The Mexican challenges ahead. minutes. As demand increases, plans government granted funding in 2012 for Alongside the budgetary issues are are in place to increase the frequency to studies for a 278km line serving the the additional difficulties of negotiating a 20-minute-interval service. states of Yucatan and Quintana Roo, but with indigenous communities and land The current plan is to use high- the project never got off the drawing owners as well as protected areas along performance diesel-powered passenger board. the route. The National Institute of trains with each DMU having at least The TPT has grown from 12 stations Anthropology and History will conduct 200 seats with a 0.42m2 allowance per to 17 and will now connect the five a comprehensive study in order to passenger and an additional 1.5m2 in states of Campeche, Tabasco, Chiapas, identify and take the necessary each car for wheelchair access. Yucatan and Quintana Roo. The original measures to protect and preserve The line will be equipped with length of the line was expected to be archaeological and historical heritage as Automatic Train Control (ATC), Automatic around 900km and has now increased well as identify areas within the Train Protection (ATP) and ETCS. to 1500km, in part thanks to the peninsula that have a higher probability The railway is targeting the tourism incorporation of an existing railway of containing as-yet undiscovered industry with the objective of enticing running from Palenque along the Gulf archaeological remains. The institute many of the visitors to the region, who currently stay on the coast in places such as Tulum and Playa del Carmen (two of the proposed stations), to Ferromex is currently the only operator of experience other attractions in the long-distance passenger trains in Mexico. Photo: Shutterstock/T Photography December Mexico_Layout 1 21/11/2018 15:02 Page 29

region. It is also proposed to use the and property development, has already railway at night for freight which will expressed an interest in the project. include heavy fuel oil movements to a “The Maya Train is a great idea because thermal power plant in Valladolid. in a decade of operation it will double the income of foreign currency to the country,” said Grupo Vidanta’s Budget president, Mr Daniel Chavez Moran, Amlo has stated that it will take “at recently. “We are interested in most four years to complete” the participating in the financing.” project, which is down from the However, the use of funds from the previous estimate of six years. While tourist tax has not received universal the predicted construction time has approval, with Mr Pablo Azcárraga, reduced, the forecast cost has risen chairman of the National Tourist considerably. Originally the budget was Business Council (CNET), strongly set at $US 3.4bn but now figures opposed to it. Azcárraga has stated that ranging from $US 6 to 8bn are being if the funding for the project comes quoted. from the Mexican Tourism Promotion The Mexican government will stump Board (CPTM) it could result in certain up Pesos 28bn ($US 1.4bn) over four death for the country’s tourism sector. years which will be collected through Most of CPTM’s revenue comes from Mexico’s Tourist Tax (DNR). The the DNR, a tariff that is charged to all remainder of the funding will come foreign tourists flying into the country. from the private sector, although the “If all the resources from the DNR are leftist president-elect has recently used for the Maya Train project we knocked investor confidence in Mexico would have to cancel all advertising by cancelling the construction of Mexico and promotion campaigns in the tourist City’s New International Airport sector for the next 25 years, which (NACIM) despite the project being 30% would mean certain death for tourism complete. However, this should not in Mexico,” Azcárraga says. have come as too much of a surprise to Mexico is now amongst the top 10 people paying close attention as Amlo most-visited countries in the world. opposed this project throughout his Cancún is home to the international election campaign. There has also been airport that serves the region, and in concern in Mexico that the new 2017 added a desperately-needed fourth president will raise taxes to help finance terminal to help cope with the 23 the railway project, but he has million annual passengers that move emphatically denied this. through the airport. The Maya Train Mexico’s Grupo Vidanta, which and its investors will hope to turn many specialises in hotels, resorts, tourism of these people into rail passengers. IRJ

Mexico Existing freight lines Freight line to be upgraded Planned new line Cancun Puerto de Morelos Mérida Izamal Valladolid N Chichén Itza Maxcanú Playa del Carmen Talum YUCATAN

Campeche Felipe C Puerto 0 km 100

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Candelaria Calakmul Palenque BELIZE Dbsjccfbo!Tfb

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IRJ December 2018 29 December Texas_Layout 1 21/11/2018 14:39 Page 30

High speed | Texas Texas Central Railway blazing a trail for privately-funded high-speed rail

Despite producing more than a third of the United States’ crude oil output, urbanisation, rapid economic growth and congestion mean Texans could be getting out of their cars and on to high-speed trains much sooner than most other Americans. Keith Barrow looks at how Texas Central Railway is planning to link Dallas and Houston without consuming a cent of public funding. December Texas_Layout 1 21/11/2018 14:39 Page 31

ITH 28.3 million residents, all indicated that operating revenues A notable trend which emerged in Texas is the second most would exceed operating costs. Texas Central’s research is the growth in populous state in the United In May 2009, a study by Texas ride sharing, and Reed says this is a States.W Much of the population is Transportation Institute (TTI) examined perfect target market for high-speed concentrated in and around Houston the feasibility of building high-speed rail. “Ride share numbers in this part of and North Texas, an area encompassing lines on 18 corridors in the state based Texas are really astonishing,” she says. Dallas, Fort Worth, Garland and Irving. on 15 criteria and ranked them using “Adoption rates are significantly higher Dallas-Fort Worth is the fourth-largest two different evaluation methods. In here than in other parts of the US. There metropolitan area in the US, while both cases, Dallas/Fort Worth - Houston is a new definition of freedom emerging Houston and The Woodlands is fifth. and Dallas/Fort Worth - Austin/San here. Freedom used to be defined by the These are among the most dynamic Antonio emerged as preferred corridors. ability to get in the car and drive regional economies in North America. wherever you want, whenever you According to a recent study by want. Now freedom means the ability Headlight Data, Dallas-Fort Worth was Flat and straight to choose how you get to your the fifth fastest-growing metropolitan Two decades after the collapse of destination and how you choose to use area in the United States in 2016. Only Texas TGV, a new private-sector bid your travel time.” New York has more Fortune 500 was launched to build a new passenger A comprehensive ridership study headquarters than Houston, which has rail link between North Texas and carried out by LEK Consulting concluded one of the fastest-growing and youngest Houston. Texas Central Railway will that 90% of the population living in the populations of any US city. rely entirely on private capital for every high-speed corridor would save at least In both regions, economic activity is stage of its development, construction an hour on their road or air journeys. not concentrated in the urban core. In and operation and it is taking a totally The Federal Railroad Administration addition to their central business different approach to its predecessor. (FRA) published its Draft Environmental districts, Dallas and Houston have “This corridor really is the globally- Impact Statement (DEIS) for the project multiple commercial centres spread recognised sweet spot for high-speed in December 2017. According to the across their respective metropolitan rail,” explains Ms Holly Reed, managing DEIS, 52% of the alignment will follow areas with good access to the highways director of external affairs for Texas existing infrastructure corridors and public transport networks that Central. “This is a 390km route with no including highways and utilities. Texas serve their sprawling suburbs. mountains, no major bodies of water Central studied 22 corridors as part of As the economy booms and the and only 150m difference in elevation the DEIS process and six were population swells, transport links between Dallas and Houston, so it’s subsequently shortlisted for further between Houston and North Texas are easy to build straight and flat. It’s no environmental analysis. A single under increasing pressure. Nearly surprise that this is the best place to preferred route - Build Alternative A - is 50,000 Texans travel between the two build high-speed rail in the US for a identified in the DEIS. Advantages of metropolitan areas at least once a week, commercial endeavour. We looked at this option include: 90% of them by car. Interstate 45 - one more than 90 city pairs and this was the = fewest acres of wetlands impacted of the country’s deadliest major clear place to build. These two markets permanently highways - is forecast to see a 200% are closely aligned and perfect for high- = fewest businesses displaced. increase in vehicular traffic by 2035. The speed rail - too far to drive and too = lowest land take current journey time by road ranges short to fly.” = fewest agricultural structures acquired from 3.5 to 5.5 hours, and traffic has The high-speed line will remove an = lowest impact on socioeconomic, increased nearly 10% annually since estimated 14,630 vehicles a day from I- natural, physical and cultural 2012. A Texas Department of 45 and Texas Central harnessed new environments Transportation study estimates journey technologies to gain insights into travel = low impact on crop yields, livestock, times could reach 6.5 hours by 2035, habits as it developed its business case. and the agricultural economy, and even with the additional capacity offered “Everything we do is data-driven and = neutral or beneficial impact on most by planned highway enhancements. combined with the discipline of the landscapes. Proposals for high-speed rail on this market this ensures we are building the “The final permit from the FRA for corridor are nothing new. In 1989 the right project in the right place in the environmental and safety-related state legislature formed the Texas High right way,” Reed says. “We’ve used aspects of the project is expected early Speed Rail Authority (THSRA) to aggregated bluetooth data to understand next year, which means construction establish the viability of a high-speed who makes this trip and by what mode. could start in late 2019 or early 2020,” network serving the so-called Texas 80% of the people we have surveyed says Reed. “We’re looking at a five-year Triangle (Dallas - Houston - San say they would use the train. This is a construction period so the earliest we Antonio). THSRA awarded a 50-year project in the right place at the right could begin running trains will be 2024 finance-design-build-operate-maintain time. Texans are getting out of their or 2025.” franchise to Texas TGV Corporation in pick-up trucks. Students and i-gens The preferred alignment selected for May 1991, but the international don’t want a driver’s license.” the railway is the Utility Corridor, so consortium failed to secure financial backing and the franchise was rescinded in August 1994. The state abolished THSRA the following year. Everything we do is data-driven and combined with the Since the failure of Texas TGV, four additional studies have looked at the discipline of the market this ensures we are building the potential for high-speed rail development in the Texas Triangle, and “ right project in the right place in the right way. Holly Reed IRJ December 2018 31 December Texas_Layout 1 21/11/2018 14:39 Page 32

High speed | Texas

Rendering of Dallas high-speed station.

named because it will largely follow the A&M University is located. A direct Texas Central has also reached an Centerpoint Energy and Oncor Electrical shuttle bus will link the Brazos Valley agreement with on through Delivery high-voltage transmission station with the university campus. ticketing from the national passenger lines from Palmer near Dallas to Hockley The southern terminus will be located network and Texas Central says it will near Houston. As the power line does between Interstate Highway 10 and offer a “convenient transfer service” not extend into central Dallas or Highway 290 northwest of Houston in linking its stations with Amtrak stations Houston, the Utility Corridor follows an area identified by the FRA as having in Houston and Dallas. existing minimal environmental and community The LEK study estimates ridership of alignments to gain access to the urban impact. It also allows the line to follow five million passengers annually by areas at its northern and southern existing transport corridors and gives 2030 and 10 million by 2050, equivalent extremities. The double-track line will passengers easy access to the road to 30% of the forecast transport demand be electrified at 25kV ac, running on an network and connectivity with planned between North Texas and the Greater elevated alignment for around 60% of public transport extensions. Studies Houston metropolitan area by the its length. have shown that the population base in middle of the century. This corridor was deemed to meet Houston is skewed towards the north TCR’s technical requirements while also and west of the city centre, and the ensuring that the desired 90-minute station location has been selected to Project partners journey time is achievable. take advantage of this distribution. On October 4, Texas Central signed a The line will start at a dedicated According to Texas Central, 12.8 Limited Notice to Proceed (LNTP) with terminus station in the Cedars district million people currently live within an Salini Impreglio, which will serve as of Dallas, which is located south of hour’s travel time of one of the three lead contractor in the civil works Interstate 30 and the city centre. The proposed stations. With each station consortium, which will also include area around the proposed station site is serving a wide catchment area, Fluor. Operating with The Lane currently undergoing redevelopment, intermodaility is a key consideration Construction, Salini Impreglio will be transforming a district previously and Texas Central is working to ensure responsible for all works below the top- dominated by light industrial and first and last-mile connectivity is an of-rail including structures, embankments manufacturing facilities into a walkable integral part of the system design. and drainage. Under the LNTP, the neighbourhood with a mixture of “Our business plan is squarely design-build participants will move repurposed and new-build mixed-use focussed on using the latest technology forward with the front-end engineering developments. The Cedars is already and this will be a form of Mobility as a and design of civil infrastructure, served by the Dallas Area Service, with a high-speed ticket and preparing strategies for logistics and (Dart) Red and Blue lines, providing a transit combined in one fare for door-to- delivery as well as construction cost direct rail connection between the high- door journeys,” Reed explains. “If we analysis and scheduling estimates. This speed station, central Dallas and other can get you between Dallas and planning work will provide a foundation key centres in North Texas. Houston in an hour-and-a-half but we for the design-build contract for the Brazos Valley, the line’s only can’t get you to your ultimate civil works programme. intermediate station, will be located in destination quickly then the advantage Bechtel has been appointed project Grimes County within easy reach of of speed is lost. Stations in Dallas and manager while WSP will provide State Highway 90 and roughly Houston will be conveniently located engineering support services. equidistant between Huntsville and for transit and getting to where people On October 10, Texas Central Bryan/College Station, where Texas work and live.” announced it had selected Spanish

32 IRJ December 2018 December Texas_Layout 1 21/11/2018 14:39 Page 33

national train operator Renfe and around 400 passengers, and despite the infrastructure manager Adif as strategic generous width of the train, Texas Texas partners for the operation and Central will not be emulating JR Central’s IRJ 0 km 50 maintenance of the line. favoured 3+2 seating pattern. “We have Dallas The detailed planning work being broad shoulders in Texas and it’s Fort Worth carried out by the strategic partners is a important to offer a comfortable ride so prerequisite for securing financing. there will be no middle seats,” Reed says. “Most major public infrastructure The fleet will be maintained at projects in the US get a large federal purpose-built depots located at both Corsicana grant before construction begins, but as ends of the route. Texas Central says the a commercial project we need to work maximum operating speed will be N differently because we raise money in a 300km/h although this could be raised Waco different way,” Reed says. “For now, to 320km/h if market conditions and we’re working toward obtaining the regulatory approvals allow. necessary permits and this will “The technology we have selected for determine the timeline for construction. this project is the right solution for the “Unlike most public infrastructure environmental and ridership conditions projects we are raising money as we in Texas,” Reed explains. “The trains are Bryan progress through each stage. When we lightweight, which is important for the Brazos Valley have the federal construction permits, soil conditions, and we have chosen College we will go out and raise the debt we Japanese technology for its safety record Station need for the construction phase.” - 54 years of high-speed operation with The estimated capital cost of the no passenger fatalities. With these project is $US 15-18bn and this will be advanced operating systems and a raised chiefly though debt, with the dedicated high-speed corridor, the US Existing lines Houston remainder coming in the form of equity. system will be set up to maintain that Planned high-speed line In September Texas Central signed a perfect safety record.” $US 300m notes purchase agreement Texas Central forecasts the net interests,” and “the region’s most with a special purpose vehicle of Japan economic impact of the new line on the dynamic and innovative change agent.” Overseas infrastructure Investment Texan economy will be around $US Even in oil-rich Texas, megatrends Corporation for Transport and Urban 36bn over 25 years, generating $US that promote the rejection of car Development (Join). The loan is being 2.5bn in tax revenues for state and local ownership - congestion, urbanisation, jointly financed by Join and Japan Bank government and employing 10,000 environmental awareness, increased for International Cooperation (JBIC), people a year during construction. access to public transport, new mobility both of which are backed by the Critics of Texas Central claim that solutions - are taking hold, Japanese government. The signing of Texas TGV conclusively proved high- strengthening the case for high-speed the agreement follows Join’s decision in speed rail cannot be viable in the Lone rail. Furthermore, institutional investors September 2015 to purchase a $US 40m Star State, but in doing so they fail to eager to park their wealth in safe, long- equity stake in Texas Central. recognise that today’s project inhabits a term infrastructure schemes have few very different world from that of its options when it comes to privately- predecessor. The Infrastructure funded passenger rail projects. If it is Japanese technology advocacy group CG/LA recently named successful in securing capital, building In the initial timetable, services will Texas Central Railway as a top project the infrastructure and attracting be operated by a fleet of around 15 in Strategic North American ridership, Texas Central could achieve high-speed trains based on the N700-I Infrastructure Report, lauding the high- an important breakthrough for high- train developed by JR speed line as “a game changer… crucial speed rail in the US and set a precedent Central. Each eight-car set will seat in advancing public and business for others to follow. IRJ L&S RAIL MAINTENANCE TECHNOLOGIES 20 years of innovation from Neustadt an der Orla

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IRJ December 2018 33 December JR East_Layout 1 21/11/2018 14:31 Page 34

High speed | Japan New JR East test train set to push the boundaries of high-speed rolling stock JR East has launched Alfa-X (E956), its 400km/h Shinkansen test train which will be used to evaluate new technical and aerodynamic advances for the next generation of Japanese high-speed train. Yoshihiro Edo, chief researcher, and Osamu Kawakami, principal chief researcher, with JR East’s Advanced Railway System Development Centre, outline the objectives of the project.

AST Japan Railway (JR East) currently in service. In addition, we to walk to reach the gate, resulting in a announced its mid-to-long-term were able to reveal high-speed rail lot of wasted time before, during and vision for technological innovation issues not only related to vehicles but after the flight. inE November 2016 which included also in other areas such as track, power To achieve these goals, we intend to research and development for a next- supply, signalling, and earthworks. use the AI technologies of IoT and big generation Shinkansen train. The With FastTech360, rather than trying data analysis and combine them with objective is to attain a high level of to break previous test speed records, we research results to raise safety and safety, stability, and comfort, while set out to raise operating performance, reliability levels. reducing the environmental impact of and attain the maximum possible To take safety up a notch, we want to the train and making it easier to reliability, comfort and environmental find ways to stop trains more quickly maintain than the current generation of friendliness. Test running was and safely during an earthquake, and to Shinkansen rolling stock. conducted between 2005 and 2009 and have individual vehicles carry out JR East therefore decided to build a led to the development of the E5 and E6 autonomous checks on the condition of new high-speed test train - Alfa-X or series trains running at 320km/h, the key components. We also want to series E956 - for the Shinkansen as an highest operating speed in Japan. improve stability through greater experimental platform to embody the JR East is developing its next- resistance to snow and cold and concept. This train is being developed with the extension of the from Shin-Hakodate- Hokuto to Sapporo in mind while We want to find ways to stop trains more quickly and taking into account the technical advances achieved in existing trains. safely during an earthquake, and to have individual The idea of building a test train when we contemplate increasing the speed of “ vehicles carry out autonomous checks on the condition the Shinkansen is not new. Our of key components. development of Shinkansen trains started with tests for running the 400 series at speeds up to 345.8km/h in 1991. This was followed by the Star21 generation train with the opening of the enhance failure prevention by detecting and FastTech360 test trains which 211km extension of the Hokkaido faults from vehicle and ground reached even higher speeds. This work Shinkansen from Shin-Hakodate- monitoring data. has enabled us to shorten journey times, Hokuto to Sapporo in 2030 in mind. We Passenger needs vary, so we must be advance technology, increase safety, believe it is essential to give customers flexible in meeting them. Customers reduce noise levels, and improve ride not only a safe and fast means of want to spend their time in comfort, be comfort. transport but also new facilities for able to concentrate on their work, or to The concept for Star21 was to develop them to enjoy during the five-hour trip enjoy the journey with their families. an extremely lightweight high-speed from Tokyo to Sapporo. For relatively We also want to achieve a quieter and train using many new technologies. long rail journeys we use the concept of smoother ride and ensure punctuality. During dynamic tests, which were “extra time.” Rail passengers have far To minimise rail’s environmental conducted between 1992 and 1998, the more usable time during the journey impact, our noise reduction technologies train reached a maximum speed of compared with air travellers, where the have been developed to suppress noise 425km/h. Star21 helped to achieve a trip is broken into short significant step forward in sections to reach the environmental technology, and the airport, pass through resulting weight reduction and main check-in and security, circuit technologies are used in trains with often long distances

Alfa-X will feature both a 16m and 22m-long nose to test aerodynamic concepts for reducing pressure waves when entering a tunnel. 34 IRJ December 2018 December JR East_Layout 1 21/11/2018 14:31 Page 35

when trains run at high speed. We also promote energy conservation through various technologies. To reform our maintenance practices, we are promoting condition-based maintenance for both the trains and infrastructure.

Test train The new high-speed Shinkansen test train Alfa-X, which stands for Advanced Labs for Frontline Activity in rail eXperimentation, will help us to achieve these improvements and innovations well into the future. The E956 10-car test train will be Figure 1: A new device incorporating modified dampers and a crushable stopper is designed completed in spring 2019 and will to reduce the risk of derailment during earthquakes. operate at a maximum speed of about 400km/h during testing. Two types of device will be developed to protect against the risk of derailment during earthquakes. One is a damper moving laterally and the other is a crushable stopper. The damper works like a conventional damper moving to the right and left, but when an earthquake occurs and severely shakes the train laterally, it exerts a strong damping force to suppress shaking. When the test train experiences a seismic shock, the stopper will be pressed. As a result, the space between the centre pin and stopper spreads to mitigate the shock between the car body and bogie and to prevent high lateral pressure from occurring between the wheel and rail (Figure 1). In order to stop a train quickly when an earthquake occurs, existing trains only have a mechanical braking system consisting of a brake disk, calliper, and lining which relies on the adhesion force between the wheel and rail. To develop a high-deceleration brake, we are working on a non-adhesion deceleration system that compensates for lack of braking force at high speed to shorten the stopping distance. One Figure 2: The make-up of a new device designed to decrease train stopping times, including the air-resistant plate. candidate is an air-resistant-plate unit

IRJ December 2018 35 December JR East_Layout 1 21/11/2018 14:31 Page 36

High speed | Japan

Figure 3: Anti-vibration control devices installed on the Alfa-X test train.

that splits the air resistance enhancer fully-active controller with higher conducting simulation and wind tunnel installed in FastTech360 into small performance and a body tilt controller tests to develop a new that units. This will give Alfa-X an on the latest test train, together with a will produce less aerodynamic noise. advantage over FastTech360, as the new controller against the vertical to To save energy, we will reduce the small units will be distributed produce a “shake-free” train (Figure 3). power conversion losses by improving throughout the train and will take up We will also develop technology to the efficiency of the traction equipment. less space inside (Figure 2). operate the train stably at 360km/h. For example, energy consumption To improve reliability, we plan to The bodyshell of Alfa-X will be efficiency can be improved through install equipment which has greater designed for high sound absorption and optimal drive control technology and resistance to snow and cold and which will have better insulation to improve by using silicon carbide (SiC) is designed to reduce the risk of damage passenger comfort. semiconductors for the power or failure in freezing conditions. The JR East is already undertaking a converter. By using IoT, big data, and underfloor layout will be optimised to variety of condition-based maintenance AI, we are working on how to enhance minimise the build-up of ice and snow. initiatives for both the conventional the on-board information and control We also plan to monitor various network and Shinkansen. We will network of the test train and to make it devices to detect failures and to prevent develop this further by using the test more robust than that of the E5 series. problems from occurring. train as an experimental platform, and In addition, the trains will be equipped we will add devices that monitor on- with a device which increases board and ground equipment to acquire aerodynamic drag to aid rapid Fully-active controller and analyse data for maintenance reform. deceleration. The E2 series Shinkansen was the first To reduce pressure waves when a For the next-generation Shinkansen, train to enter service fitted with a train enters a tunnel, we will verify two we want to build an intelligent train pneumatic actuator working as a fully new shapes for the driving car of the with a high level of safety, stability, active controller that reduced lateral test train. Type A’s 16m-long nose is 1m comfort, environmental performance, shaking. For the E5 series Shinkansen, longer than that of the E5 series and maintainability. But, in order to JR East changed to a motor-driven Shinkansen, whereas Type B has a 22m- achieve this, we need cooperation from actuator to improve responsiveness and long nose. We also plan to maintain the outside organisations, such as power control. We plan to introduce a in-vehicle space in the train. manufacturers and research institutes, Various anti-noise measures are to move forward with this project, all planned such as reducing the noise working as one to go beyond the generated from the lower part of the technical barriers. IRJ body and cutting brake disk aerodynamic noise by reviewing the fin A version of this article was originally published shape on the back of the disk. We are in Japanese Railway Engineering Vol. 58 No. 3.

36 IRJ December 2018 December The Railway in 2019_Layout 1 22/11/2018 09:23 Page 20

The Railway in

2019is coming... For advertising opportunities in IRJ’s special January 2019 issue, contact your sales representative.

Louise Cooper [email protected] Tel: +44 1444 454171 Michael Boyle [email protected] Tel: +43 676 708 9872 or +49 163 830 8088 December Insights_Layout 1 22/11/2018 13:00 Page 38

IRJ Insights | Recruitment

Recruiting the next generation The railway industry is racing to replace a generation of technicians and engineers approaching retirement. But with strong competition from all sectors for a limited talent pool, companies from across the industry are engaging in innovative recruitment methods, as Kevin Smith discovers.

ELGIUM’s major sporting events with medical professionals available to unemployment so finding people was and music festivals are probably administer the required tests. And with not so much of a problem,” says Mr the last place you would expect to the process of filling in paperwork Nico Van Wijk, Infrabel’s HR director. findB an exhibit promoting the country’s designed to be as straightforward as “Today it is a very different matter. In infrastructure manager, Infrabel. But possible, new hires can be clocking on the north of the country, unemployment lining up alongside the food and in just a few weeks. is at its lowest for 30-40 years and it is merchandise stalls, staff from the Such a proactive approach to finding very, very difficult to find qualified company are now regularly promoting new staff reflects the recruitment technicians and engineers.” job and career opportunities on the challenges the infrastructure manager is Infrabel’s position is not atypical. railway. facing. Infrabel is looking to employ Around the world railways and suppliers Exposure at events which bring the 1400 people between mid-2018 and 2020 are searching for the next-generation of local and wider community together to fill positions vacated by professionals talent that will drive their respective usually occurs a few days before and technicians hired in the late 1970s institutions forward. Competition for Infrabel hosts a local Job Day, a key and early 1980s. These professionals the best and the brightest is fierce, recruitment initiative which began in succeeded the previous generation, forcing companies to adopt innovative January 2017. which rebuilt the railway following the approaches to attracting talent. Here prospective recruits tour railway conclusion of the Second World War. Social media is now the key platform facilities and learn about the challenges However, the employment market is for marketing jobs and careers. German they would face in the jobs on offer in very different now compared with 40 infrastructure engineering firm Spitzke the hope that it will spark their interest years ago. is harnessing platforms such as to apply. Hiring can happen on the spot “In the 1970s there was high Facebook and Twitter to promote 38 IRJ December 2018 December Insights_Layout 1 22/11/2018 13:00 Page 39

opportunities to a targeted audience of lot more intuitive, so we don’t give the be a lot more opportunities for faster potential new recruits. In particular, the wrong impression.” advancement in the rail industry than company is highlighting the strong Mr Paul Scott, services apprentice there has been in the past,” Little says. position of the railway in future manager at Thales UK, has a similar “Because it has been slimmed down transport systems and talks up the perspective. He says that as much as quite a lot, they have now gotten rid of innovation taking place in the sector. millennials need to adjust to the a lot of the dead-end jobs. It is a lot According to Mr Christian Krippahl, demands of working on the railway, he more dynamic environment and I think director of corporate human resources recognises that employers have to adapt they will be able to attract a lot more at Spitzke, the emphasis is on the role to young peoples’ way of working and people. And we still have the railway individuals can play in delivering an thinking, which is significantly different pension, which is probably the best advanced transport system with the from that of industry “dinosaurs.” pension scheme there is. The salaries recruiter seeking to build an emotional Thales is engaged with the British are also quite good.” attachment with prospective employees. government’s national apprenticeship Little says Michigan State’s Railway Management Certificate programme, now in its 15th year, fills a training gap vacated by the railways as they have sought greater efficiency. During the If they have a passion for what they do, we want to show four-week non-credit programme participants are exposed to new areas of them that there is a pathway in the company to start as a railway management through both “ classroom instruction and site visits. blue-collar worker and rise up to one day become the Successful completion of the certificate enables participants to secure promotions CEO. Christian Krippahl and progress with their careers. Little says internship opportunities with the Class 1s are also available to the university’s undergraduate supply “At our events we try to emphasise programme and Scott says recruitment chain management students, which is that it is not just a single job that they fairs, in particular the Skills London recognised as one of the top are applying for,” Krippahl says. “If event held each November, are a major programmes in North America. He they have a passion for what they do, source of new recruits to the programme. reports that following their exposure to we want to show them that there is a The company also engages with local the railway’s working practices, many pathway in the company to start as a schools and colleges through of these students move on to full-time blue-collar worker and rise up to one presentations in the classroom. Scott jobs following graduation. day become the CEO. It is quite says these are important to demystify American Railway Engineering and important that we inspire our workforce.” what working on the railway means to Maintenance of Way Association Infrabel similarly relies on social these students. However, he admits that (Arema) similarly supports the railway media to promote job opportunities in more can be done to bridge the gap industry’s presence on North American specific locations. This is helping to between industry and education. campuses. The association’s Committee reinforce the Infrabel brand, which is “On the surface, they think that it’s 24 - Education and Training, which is not that well known in Belgium with just trains and it’s just a railway,” Scott made up of industry volunteers, has many people still associating the says. “They don’t see the technology facilitated the development of student railway with the previous integrated behind that and understand that the chapters at 24 universities across the US structure led by today’s train operator, signals and the telecoms are a key part since 2006. According to Ms Amanda Belgian National Railways (SNCB). of the system. It’s about getting it out Limburg, student chapter coordinator, The infrastructure manager is also there that the trains need more to run and an industry consultant based in altering its recruitment processes so it is than a bit of track and a driver.” Denver, the chapters support students in line with the expectations of the by funding participation at conferences market. “If you book a flight, or and exposing students to the workings when you shop online, it is all as quick Agressively recruiting of the railway through trips and as possible,” Van Wijk says. “If you In the United States, universities are a internship opportunities. want to apply to a company, and it major source of new recruits to high- Limburg also reports on the importance takes you half an hour, a youngster has level positions, both in engineering and of Arema’s Railway Engineering no motivation to work for that company. business development roles. Class 1 Education Symposium (Rees) “Until a couple of months ago if you freight railways are aggressively programme. The annual event is a wanted to apply through our website, recruiting engineers and business forum for university professors to you had to set up an account and you graduates at campuses across the engage with the industry and provides needed to fill in all kinds of data about country, and according to Mr Nicholas instruction on railway engineering yourself. It was a really lengthy process. Little, director of Railway Education at content that can be used in the courses Now if you have a LinkedIn profile, the Centre for Railway Research and they offer on campus. The 2018 event, you can upload that. It’s all we need Education at Michigan State University, the sixth since it began in 2008, and it’s two clicks away rather than 29 these graduates are well placed to make attracted 32 education and industry clicks using the old system. We really a major impact. attendees over two days. try in every aspect of the recruitment “With the baby boomers retiring in “We found that mechanical and process to make it a lot more efficient, a vast numbers I think there are going to engineering students are not exposed to IRJ December 2018 39 December Insights_Layout 1 22/11/2018 13:00 Page 40

IRJ Insights | Recruitment

railroad-related content in their courses building that we are constructing,” he offers flexible working hours and because there are very few professors says. “All railway technologies will be support for childcare as well as offering working in universities today with the under one roof and we will have a hall a path for women to re-enter the required knowledge,” Limburg says. with track and overhead lines enabling workforce after having a family. “The Rees programme hosts workshops us to do simulations of technical issues Infrabel is also aware of the issue and for professors to attend so we can share that you might encounter in the field.” has managed to increase the proportion current industry thinking with them Spitzke is also focusing on developing of female staff from around 6-7%, when which they can include in their teaching.” the skillsets of existing employees by the company was founded, to around offering professional development at its 10% now, and approximately 20% of all academy located south of Berlin. More new recruits are female. Internships than 80 training programmes are “We want to be a mirror of the society In Europe, Spitzke has developed available to current staff while 40-50 16- we live in and recruiting women is strong ties with various German 19-year-olds enter the academy each something we strive for, but it is not universities. The company offers year through Germany’s national easy,” Van Wijk says. “If you look at our internship opportunities for students apprenticeship programme. Spitzke finance department, HR, communications, while Spitzke staff support higher offers 14 apprenticeships, which are procurement, those typical departments education institutions by providing strictly regulated by the German where you don’t need technical people, instruction, informing the curriculum chamber of commerce, with each we are 50% female. But if you look at and participating in examination juries. programme taking three years to really technical departments, we are at Infrabel likewise works with Vrije complete. In addition, the facility is also less than 10%. For engineering, 10-15% University Brussels, where again its supporting staff development in the of graduates are female. We really put staff offer instruction and support to wider industry by hosting training the emphasis on hiring more women relevant railway engineering courses. services for 1200 participants from but the statistics are against us.” Some of its managers also have a third-party organisations, including The perception that working in rail degree of contact with local schools. German Rail (DB), each year. engineering is a tough and dirty job is a However, the number of suitably qualified graduates is still falling short of what the infrastructure manager and other industrial companies will require in the future. “There is currently around a 7% We want to be a mirror of the society we live in and turnover of staff at companies,” Van recruiting women is something we strive for, but it is not Wijk says. “This is a much larger “ proportion than the people leaving easy. Nico Van Wijk education and getting their degrees. Top engineers get hired six months before they leave university by companies that put significant wage packets on the table. We are a publicly- “In this instance we see ourselves as a difficult label to shift. The industry in owned company, which makes it partner of DB, rather than a competitor,” general also has a relatively poor image difficult to counter such initiatives.” Krippahl says. “Only together can we among the general public. Little says Despite this, Van Wijk is encouraged fill the gap. We might be competitors that many young engineers which by the new talent that has entered the but we are working towards one system.” gravitate towards railway engineering company. Overall, Infrabel’s innovative One notable element of the Thales tend to follow in their parents’ and approach to recruitment helped the apprentice programme is the active grandparents’ footsteps. For others, it’s company to hire 350 people in 2017. effort by Scott and his team to recruit a harder sell. However, with unemployment falling young people from less-privileged But as Spitzke and Krippahl are keen again in 2018, and other firms catching backgrounds. For example, the company to emphasise, with the sector entering on to the Job Day concept, Van Wijk works with the Prince’s Trust’s Get Into an unprecedented era of innovation and says this figure has dropped off in 2018. programme through which five to 10 reform, the sector does have a great The company’s response is to young people are offered work story to tell. And the public can respond innovate its recruitment strategy once experience, which for some has led to to this. A 2013 BBC documentary series again. Infrabel is also working to full-time employment. “Where their following everyday people working on develop the talent it already has. This is education level isn’t the same as the the railway network, which attracted part of the thinking behind the Infrabel others, we offer them support with large audiences and was well received, Academy, a new state-of-the-art training maths and English,” Scott says. “It is was credited for a spike in Network facility which is set to begin operating giving someone a chance who is not Rail apprentice applications the in 2020. necessarily getting that chance.” following year. Van Wijk says the new facility will Scott adds that attracting women into Taking an active approach and not help Infrabel move away from a the programme is something he likes to being scared to try out new ideas is dispersed and silo-based approach to encourage because of the vast gender producing encouraging results for these training, which will improve efficiency gap in more technical positions in the industry players. It might also provide and professionalism. “We will incorporate industry. Spitzke likewise is putting a food for thought for other companies modern ways of training like e-learning great deal of energy into female battling their own recruitment and flipped classrooms into the new recruitment. Krippahl says the company dilemmas. IRJ 40 IRJ December 2018 December Insights_Layout 1 22/11/2018 13:19 Page 41

Our knowledge for your success

PMC Rail International Academy offers educational courses and further seminars that suit the customers’ needs independent of the manufacturer. The courses meet the participants’ expecta- Prospective recruits tour facilities during an Infrabel Job Day. tions and are suited for rail workers, technicians and managers. In the medium term, every topic relevant for the operation and maintenance of the railway infrastructure will be covered with suitable training courses.

The PMC Rail International Academy team and especially the specialist trainers look forward to conveying their knowledge in an ideal balance and combination of theoretical and practical course modules. The use of modern simulation technology allows course participants to gain experience in a realistic environment without causing any damage or additional costs.

In addition to the training courses, PMC Rail International Academy offers consulting and project management services for the entire railway industry – from preparing and planning work sites to construction management as well as life cycle cost calculations Site visits are a key part of Michigan State’s training programme. and follow-up management.

Infrabel has simplified its job application process.

PMC Rail International Academy Infrabel promotes its Job Days at community events. T +49 (0) 6721 18 20 80 IRJ December 2018 41 E [email protected] www.pmcrail.com December Prose_Layout 1 21/11/2018 17:10 Page 42

Project management | automation

Automating Switzerland’s Waldenburg Railway Prose has conducted a feasibility study into the phased automation of a narrow-gauge light rail line in Switzerland as part of a major upgrade. As Sandro Napoli, senior consultant at Prose explains, the project is expected to pave the way for future narrow-gauge railway automation in Switzerland.

HE Waldenburg Railway is a 13.1km narrow-gauge light rail line in northwestern Switzerland thatT ascends from Liestal, southeast of Basle, through the Waldenburg Valley to Waldenburg. When it opened in 1880, the line was the driver for the industrialisation of the Waldenburg Valley. Nearly 140 years later, the line is undergoing a major rebuild and is likely to become the first fully- automated tram line in Switzerland. In 2012, the Swiss federal government and (SBB) decided to expand Liestal station to four tracks, which meant adapting the Waldenburg Railway’s infrastructure. To ensure long-term benefits from this investment, the project will not only modify the track layout at Liestal station but also convert the of the entire Waldenburg Railway from BLT has ordered 10 metre-gauge Stadler LRVs for the Waldenburg Railway. 750mm to metre-gauge. Stadler will An initial survey of the Waldenburg possible combinations. The current state supply 10 Tramlink low-floor LRVs for Railway’s infrastructure provided an of development for these technologies delivery between April 2019 and the overview of local conditions and including their characteristics, end of 2021, with the fleet entering identified geographical points requiring development, cost, availability and commercial service in December 2022. special attention to introduce driverless application areas were investigated. The The signalling, together with the 13 operation. Additionally, a market survey analysis focused on systems such as stations on the line, will also be renewed. gave an overall view of solutions for automatic train protection, platform The total renewal of the Waldenburg partial and fully-automatic train security equipment, collision warning Railway offers a unique opportunity to operation, as well as the technologies systems, and sensor technologies. General take advantage of technologies for and sensors in use. During this work, safety requirements were defined and automated operation. Baselland the focus was on the following topics: applied to the Waldenburg Railway Transport (BLT), the operator, plans to = fully automated metros at GoA4 based on existing definitions of operational introduce Automatic Train Operation = certification of a metro system up to functions and standards for metro systems. (ATO) on the line starting with Grade of GoA4 in Switzerland For the final feasibility study, the Automation 2 (GoA2) from 2022 = state-of-the-art light rail projects, results serve as a basis to develop a onwards, migrating to GoA3 from 2027 comparable with the Waldenburg recommended step-by-step approach to and GoA4 (driverless operation) from Railway in terms of driverless operation implement automated operation on the 2032 (see map p44). = development trends of sensor Waldenburg Railway. In parallel, new A feasibility study into the automation technologies, and findings are continuously added to the of the line was carried out by Prose based = possible use and application of such requirements for new rail vehicles and on the four grades of automation levels technologies on railway and tram planning guidelines for new infrastructure. established by the International networks. Association of Public Transport (UITP). To offer a bigger picture, experience An economic analysis showed that GoA2 from the automotive industry regarding Red mile already allows the implementation of technology, certification and safety was A particular challenge on the many system improvements, whereas also considered. Waldenburg Railway is the so-called the next grade, GoA3, is particularly Both the Swiss train operation rules “red mile” in the town of Oberdorf, costly. Figure 1 illustrates the benefits of (FDV) and the implementation rules for where trams are driven on sight. Here an automated railway, although a Switzerland’s railway regulations (AB- the driver has full responsibility for thorough evaluation is required for each EBV) were examined to identify stopping the tram if he or she can see specific application. contradictions with existing standards obstacles ahead. It will be particularly To establish a solid basis for the concerning driverless operation. Our challenging to implement driverless feasibility study, a broad initial phase technology analysis is based on a operation on this section. However, this and a deeper analysis phase preceded market survey and includes potential could serve as a precedent for similar the core feasibility analysis. systems and technologies and their situations on other railways. 42 IRJ December 2018 December Prose_Layout 1 21/11/2018 09:30 Page 43

The market survey showed that for small closed systems. While the first and standards served as input for the alternative platform security systems, standard-gauge railway is operating safety analysis. Most of the safety such as the one deployed on the with ATO over ETCS Level 2 at GoA2 requirements for the systems are Nuremberg U-Bahn, needs to be analysed on a section of the line in defined in existing standards for because (PSDs), London, a solution for GoA3 or GoA4 peoplemover systems, including as normally used in metros, cannot be over ETCS does not yet exist. Given the metros, such as EN 62290 and IEC implemented on the Waldenburg suboptimal cost-benefit ratio and no 62267. But their applicability to the Railway given that there is open access significant advantages in ETCS-based Waldenburg Railway is limited. For this to the public. During a visit to Nuremberg, automation for an isolated system like reason, the driver tasks defined by the this alternative and very promising the Waldenburg Railway, a solution FDV were used to develop corresponding solution was analysed in operation and based on ZBMS train protection is more safety requirements for both infrastructure the operator’s experiences were viable. and vehicles. integrated into the market survey. Following a deep analysis of common regulations and standards, contradictions concerning driverless operations were The feasibility study enabled the client to plan a future- identified. When the AB-EBV regulation is applied to possible future scenarios, it orientated investment for the total renewal of the is possible to predict several non-trivial contradictions, especially relating to “ Waldenburg Railway. GoA3 and GoA4. By law, two train protection systems are allowed in Switzerland: ETCS for Following the market survey, four The feasibility study enabled the standard-gauge lines and ZBMS, a sensor technologies were compared in client to plan a future-orientated standard developed specifically for detail: camera, radar, light detection investment for the total renewal of the narrow-gauge lines based on ETCS and ranging (Lidar) and Hall effect Waldenburg Railway, as well as a step- components. sensors. These sensors can increase wise and scalable introduction of new As no adaptations to AB-EBV are safety by surveying the areas around technologies to achieve automated currently envisaged, the certification of the platform and vehicle. operation. The objective is a technically, a new, automated system would Combining all four sensors in the geographically and chronologically- therefore be based on an exception system will utilise the strengths of these phased development which involves according to Article 5 of the EBV. respective technologies most effectively, introducing driverless operation based The technical compatibility of both compensating for any weaknesses in the on ZBMS and the findings of the study. ETCS and ZBMS with the different system and offering sufficient However, these steps still require levels of automation was analysed. redundancy. Intelligent algorithms are developments in train protection, ETCS is designed for interoperable, needed to process the data, which, in a platform surveillance systems, sensor cross-border rail operations and later step, require powerful computers technologies and their integration into therefore offers more functions than and comprehensive long-term testing. the overall system. ZBMS, which was developed for metre- The infrastructure analyses and the Thanks to the automotive industry, gauge railways as ETCS is too expensive findings of the studies of regulations affordable sensor technology is available that can be adopted and adapted to railway applications to minimise Increased safety Reduce costs Increase capacity Optimise operations development. However, specific railway requirements, such as train protection and platform surveillance, require bespoke development. In such cases, the Safety in Elimination Reduced Lower Fewer Increased Increased Higher Shorter Flexible More main challenge is not the development of shunting of human energy person- vehicles vehicle track system journey train use/ stable operations error use and nel costs capacity capacity availabil- times demand operations the technologies themselves, but rather wear and ity oriented improved the development of the appropriate tear opera- punctual- tions ity software to integrate systems, and above all, their certification. Specific measures were defined to achieve step-by-step the geographically- linked GoA levels in four areas of interest. For the first area, the ZBMS train protection system will be further developed and implemented by the Swiss Public Transport Association Optimised and (VöV). This will ensure a common guaranteed arrival and departure solution based on one train protection times system which will serve as a Swiss standard for all metre-gauge railways. A quick win was achieved for the

Planning for conflict-free and energy-saving operations vehicle sensors during the feasibility study. The first pilot project began with Figure 1: The benefits and impact of automated rail operations. the aim of certifying an anti-collision IRJ December 2018 43 December Prose_Layout 1 21/11/2018 09:30 Page 44

Project management | automation

the platform security systems. An analysis of the operation (FDV) Switzerland The fourth area initially connects the and implementation rules according to IRJ up!Cbtmf individual systems by integrating the AB-EBV railway regulation also Liestal vehicle sensors and platform systems demonstrated non-trivial contradictions. and, in a second step, by controlling the With no adaptations of AB-EBV Altmarkt Lausen unmanned vehicle to achieve GoA4. envisaged, certification of a new, This approach offers the advantage of automated system will therefore rely on facilitating parallel individual an exception according to Article 5 of up!Pmufo development and therefore the the EBV. Given that the safety Bubendorf consideration of different drivers requirements for a peoplemover can Talhaus throughout the process. To anticipate only be partially implemented on the fast technological development, the Waldenburg Railway, the safety Lampenberg-Ramlinsburg measures are bundled into five-year requirements were finally deduced from steps with corresponding intermediate the defined tasks of the driver. Waldenburg Railway goals. All the developments require On the other hand, a detailed GoA2 GoA3 close collaboration between operators examination of sensor technology found GoA4 and the industry. that the use of a combined sensor SBB While the goal of the study was to package including camera, radar, and Main line assess the feasibility of automation as light detection and ranging (Lidar) is part of a complete renewal of the mandatory not only for GoA3 and Niederdorf railway with a gradual introduction of GoA4, but also to compensate for N innovative technologies, the biggest system weaknesses while offering Winkelweg challenge was to find a technical sufficient redundancy and an increase solution which is acceptable to the in safety. Intelligent algorithms, long- Oberdorf safety authorities. term tests and safety approval Waldenburg An investigation of train protection certificates will be crucial during system that intervenes in the rail systems defined in the Swiss regulation implementation. vehicle’s controls. Further steps in this regarding technical compatibility with The findings of the study will pave area include tests and the development ATO and the different GoA levels the way for the development and of algorithms for sensor integration and confirmed that automation of the introduction of ATO based on ZBMS certification with similar phases planned Waldenburg Railway is technically with an appropriate sensor package on for the development and certification of feasible. light rail lines in Switzerland. IRJ Rendezvous January 2019 Stock Conference Exhibition & Conference 8 TDH, Cranleigh, Britain. 29-30—London, Britain 8 Arena, London, Britain. 8 GEM, Jakarta, Indonesia. www.tdhrail.co.uk/rsa/ NEW: Transport Ticketing Global www.arena-international. com/fp www.railwaytech-indonesia.com/ Exhibition & Conference rs/ 14-16—Birmingham, Britain 8 Clarion, London, Britain. 26-28—, France Railtex Exhibition www.transport-ticketing.com/ March 2019 NEW: Sifer 2019 Exhibition 8 Mack Brooks, St Albans, Britain. 4-5—Melbourne, Australia 8 Mack Brooks, St Albans, Britain. www.railtex.co.uk/2019/english/ www.sifer2019.com February 2019 NEW: Light Rail 2019 Conference 3-4—Cairo, Egypt 8 Informa, Sydney, Australia. 14-16—Moscow, Russia www.informa.com.au/event/con 26-28—Utrecht, Netherlands NEW: 2030 Mega Projects NEW: ElectroTrans Exhibition Conference ference/light-rail/ Railtech Europe 8 Rusgortrans, Moscow, Russia. 8 IPG, Cairo, Egypt. 8 Promedia, Breda, Netherlands. www.electrotrans-expo.ru/en 8 Pyramids, Cairo, Egypt. 5-7—Bilbao, Spain https://events.railtech.com/euro www.megaprojectsconf.com/ Rail Live Congress & Exhibition pe2019/ 22-23—Munster, Germany Terrapinn, London, Britain. 8 NEW: IAF Digitilisation and http://bit.ly/2COYXyD 26-28—São Paulo, Brazil 8-9—New Delhi, India Infrastructure Congress 21st NT-Expo - Business on Rails NEW: Exporail India Exhibition VDEI, Frankfurt, Germany. 19—London, Britain UBM, São Paulo, Brazil. 8 8 Inter Ads Brooks, Haryana, 8 www.vdei.de/aktuelles/veransta India. NEW: Accelerate: Rail Conference www.ntexpo.com.br/en/ 8 Marketforce, London, Britain. ltungsuebersicht/icalrepeat.detail www.exporailindia.com/english/ /2019/05/22/3024/-/3-iaf-kongr https://bit.ly/2zgwAFv April 2019 10-12—Izmir, Turkey ess-bahnbau 20-22—Frankfurt, Germany 19-20—Hong Kong, Japan Eurasia Rail Exhibition NEW: 7th International Railway Asia Pacific Rail Conference & ITE, Istanbul, Turkey. 28-29—Munich, Germany Summit 8 Exhibition http://eurasiarail.eu/Home NEW: The Rise of IoT & Big Data 8 IRITS, London, Britain. Terrapinn, Singapore. in Rail 2019 Conference www.irits.org/irs7/ 8 www.terrapinn.com/exhibition/ 14-17—Graz, Austria 8 Rotaia, Ashford, Britain. asia-pacific-rail/index.stm Modern Rolling Stock Conference www.iotandbigdatainrail.com/ 26-27—Dubai, UAE 8 Schienenfahrzeugtagung, Middle East Rail Conference & 19-21—Sao Paulo, Brazil Graz, Austria. June 2019 Exhibition NEW: NT Expo – Business on www.schienenfahrzeugtagung.at 4-7—Munich, Germany 8 Terrapinn, Dubai, UAE. Rails Exhibition /en/ NEW: Transport Logistic www.terrapinn.com/exhibition/ 8 UBM, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Exhibition middle-east-rail/ www.ntexpo.com.br/en/ May 2019 8 Messe Munich, Munich, 10-12—Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Germany. 27-28—Berlin, Germany 20-22—Jakarta, Indonesia Rail Solutions Asia Conference & www.transportlogistic.de/index- NEW: Fire Protection of Rolling RailWay Tech Indonesia Exhibition 2.html 44 IRJ December 2018 December Ad Index_Ad Index 21/11/2018 11:32 Page 65

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The last word | freight

Cooperation is the name of the game in Swiss logistics A combination of rail and road transport is being used in the logistics chain to good effect in Switzerland. Anitra Green reports on how operators are innovating and cooperating for their mutual benefit. CCORDING to the also been introduced, with the general problem of track road haulage company already European Union (EU), a newly developed rCE maintenance, with most of the putting this into practice is tripA of less than 300km for a Powerpack using kinetic energy work conducted at night, Camion Transport, which uses freight train is not viable. taken direct from wagon wheels. which is when much of the lorries only for the first/last However, this is being Other initiatives are freight moves. “That’s just one mile and carries consignments challenged in Switzerland, due underway in . Activities problem: rates for paths are between terminals overnight to the country’s topography, at the La Praille intermodal too high, for example,” he adds. by train. “Our success depends its ban on night-time driving terminal include shunting and on the night-driving ban,” says for lorries, frequent road train formation, break-bulk, Mr Mathias Lanz, logistics congestion and its location as a and handling import and Wagonload coordinator with Camion. transit country, with the result domestic traffic, waste and As in other European Mr Hans-Peter Hadorn, that there have been positive building materials. Though La countries, there has been a president of VÖV’s railfreight developments in intermodal Praille is well-situated with significant drop in wagonload commission, sums up the freight in the last few years. good rail and road links, the traffic in Switzerland. VAP is situation: “Rail freight connects Distribution networks are a current buildings are outmoded trying to find a solution by Switzerland, and it is more case in point. The distribution so SBB is planning a new forming a common interest eco-friendly than road.” For network of Coop, a major terminal with 380m-long group with the Swiss Public the future, a revision of Swiss supermarket chain, is tracks with cranes, a logistics Transport Association (VÖV) transport regulations is run by its RailCare subsidiary, centre and a new road access. and SBB Cargo. VAP wants all underway, he reports, with with 11 hubs in three regions. This is part of Swiss Federal involved to work together, passenger and freight trains The City Cargo Geneva train Railways’ (SBB) Step ES 2030-35 including other railway having equal priority. The idea shuttles between the Aclens Strategic Expansion Programme. companies and customers. is to have at least one path per hub and Geneva three times a The 66km Geneva - “We must also get rid of hour for freight on all lines, day, a distance of only 67km, Lausanne main line has the outmoded structures,” Furrer and six paths per hour on the carrying 680,000 containers a highest rail freight growth rate says. “We are holding Gotthard route with three for year with supplies for 45 in the country. It is used by workshops, and we are passenger trains. The aim is stores. According to Mr Pierre 670 passenger and freight making progress.” “co-modality” on the basis of Page, head of customer care trains a day and this is The Swiss Road Transport non-discriminatory access and and products with Coop, this expected to rise to 800 in the Association (Astag) has a a liberalised rail freight sector. is more efficient and emits less foreseeable future. Work is similar attitude. “It is very “It’s essential that all parties important to have road and get together to develop a CO2 than the alternative of underway on the Léman 2030 using about 60 lorries a day on project to upgrade the line. rail,” says vice director Mr strategy,” Hadorn says. “A a very busy highway. The initiative includes 21 Andre Kirchhofer. “There are a platform has now been created At Geneva Lancy-Pont measures, which prioritise lot of bottlenecks on the road for this purpose with VÖV, Rouge, containers are freight bottlenecks at Founex, system, and the rail network is Swiss Cargo Forum, Astag transferred to lorries for final Vufflens and Morges-Denges. not much better especially at and Economiesuisse, but delivery to supermarkets from However, track upgrading the terminals. But we are open this cannot be instituted 05.00 to 16.00, with empties and maintenance can have an to discussion with all sides overnight.” IRJ returned to the same terminal. adverse effect on rail freight. with the emphasis on Boxes are transferred Mr Frank Furrer, secretary multimodal transport: horizontally using the general of VAP Cargorail, cooperation is the right Container-Mover 3020 system. representing around 300 way.” Page says a new generation of organisations in the loading/ An example of a refrigerated swapbodies has logistics industry, refers to the

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