21295 Hon. Edolphus Towns Hon. Sheila Jackson-Lee
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Ihe White House Iashington
HE WHITE HOUSE THE DAILY DIARY OF PRESIDE N T JIMMY CARTER LOCATION DATE (MO., Day, Yr.) IHE WHITE HOUSE MARCH 7, 1977 IASHINGTON, D. C. TIME DAY 6:30 a.m. MONDAY PHONE TIME = 0 E -u ACTIVITY 7 K 2II From To L p! 6:30 R The President received a wake up call from the White House signal board operator. 7:oo The President went to the Oval Office. 7:30 7:35 The President met with his Assistant for National Security Affairs,Zbigniew Brzezinski. 7:45 7:50 I I, The President met with his Assistant for Congressional Liaison, Frank Moore. 8:Ol The President went to the Cabinet Room. 8:Ol 10:05 The President participated in a Cabinet meeting For a list of attendees,see APPENDIX "A." 1O:05 The President returned to the Oval Office. 1O:25 The President went to the Diplomatic Reception Room. 1O:26 The President and the First Lady went to the South Grounds. 1O:26 1l:OO The President participated in an arrival ceremony in honor of the Prime Minister of Israel and Mrs. Yitzhak Rabin. Members of the press The President and the First Lady greeted Prime Minister and Mrs. Rabin. The Presidential party went to the platform. 10:35 10:45 The President and Prime Minister Rabin exchanged remarks. The President and the First Lady escorted Prime Minister and Mrs. Rabin to the Diplomatic Reception Room. The President and the First Lady met with members of the Official Israeli Party and the Welcoming Committee. For a list of attendees ,see APPENDIX& "B." 11:oo The President and Prime Minister Rabin went to the Oval Office. -
The Nobel Peace Prize
TITLE: Learning From Peace Makers OVERVIEW: Students examine The Dalai Lama as a Nobel Laureate and compare / contrast his contributions to the world with the contributions of other Nobel Laureates. SUBJECT AREA / GRADE LEVEL: Civics and Government 7 / 12 STATE CONTENT STANDARDS / BENCHMARKS: -Identify, research, and clarify an event, issue, problem or phenomenon of significance to society. -Gather, use, and evaluate researched information to support analysis and conclusions. OBJECTIVES: The student will demonstrate the ability to... -know and understand The Dalai Lama as an advocate for peace. -research and report the contributions of others who are recognized as advocates for peace, such as those attending the Peace Conference in Portland: Aldolfo Perez Esquivel, Robert Musil, William Schulz, Betty Williams, and Helen Caldicott. -compare and contrast the contributions of several Nobel Laureates with The Dalai Lama. MATERIALS: -Copies of biographical statements of The Dalai Lama. -List of Nobel Peace Prize winners. -Copy of The Dalai Lama's acceptance speech for the Nobel Peace Prize. -Bulletin board for display. PRESENTATION STEPS: 1) Students read one of the brief biographies of The Dalai Lama, including his Five Point Plan for Peace in Tibet, and his acceptance speech for receiving the Nobel Prize for Peace. 2) Follow with a class discussion regarding the biography and / or the text of the acceptance speech. 3) Distribute and examine the list of Nobel Peace Prize winners. 4) Individually, or in cooperative groups, select one of the Nobel Laureates (give special consideration to those coming to the Portland Peace Conference). Research and prepare to report to the class who the person was and why he / she / they won the Nobel Prize. -
Doktori (Phd) Értekezés
NEMZETI KÖZSZOLGÁLATI EGYETEM Hadtudományi Doktori Iskola Doktori (PhD) értekezés Kis J. Ervin Budapest, 2017. NEMZETI KÖZSZOLGÁLATI EGYETEM Hadtudományi Doktori Iskola Kis J. Ervin A LÉGVÉDELMI ÉS LÉGIERŐK EVOLÚCIÓJA, HELYE, SZEREPE, AZ ARAB-IZRAELI 1967-ES, 1973-AS és 1982- ES HÁBORÚK SORÁN, VALAMINT AZ IZRAELI LÉGIERŐ HAMÁSZ ÉS A HEZBOLLAH ELLENI HÁBORÚS ALKALMAZÁSÁNAK TAPASZTALATAI Doktori (PhD) értekezés Témavezető: Dr. habil. Jobbágy Zoltán ezredes, (Ph.D.) egyetemi docens Budapest, 2017 2 TARTALOMJEGYZÉK I. BEVEZETÉS ....................................................................................................................... 5 I.1. A kutatási témaválasztás indoklás ..................................................................................... 9 I.2 A kutatási téma feldolgozásának és aktualitásának indoklása ........................................ 9 I.3 A tudományos probléma megfogalmazása ................................................................... 12 I.4 Hipotézisek ..... .................................................................................................................... 14 I.5 Kutatási célok...................................................................................................................... 14 I.6 Alkalmazott kutatási módszerek ...................................................................................... 20 I.7. A témával foglalkozó szakirodalom áttekintése.................................................. .............21 I.8 Az értekezés felépítése ....................................................................................................... -
Yitzhak Rabin
YITZHAK RABIN: CHRONICLE OF AN ASSASSINATION FORETOLD Last year, architect-turned-filmmaker Amos Gitaï directed Rabin, the Last EN Day, an investigation into the assassination, on November 4, 1995, of the / Israeli Prime Minister, after a demonstration for peace and against violence in Tel-Aviv. The assassination cast a cold and brutal light on a dark and terrifying world—a world that made murder possible, as it suddenly became apparent to a traumatised public. For the Cour d’honneur of the Palais des papes, using the memories of Leah Rabin, the Prime Minister’s widow, as a springboard, Amos GitaI has created a “fable” devoid of formality and carried by an exceptional cast. Seven voices brought together to create a recitative, “halfway between lament and lullaby,” to travel back through History and explore the incredible violence with which the nationalist forces fought the peace project, tearing Israel apart. Seven voices caught “like in an echo chamber,” between image-documents and excerpts from classic and contemporary literature— that bank of memory that has always informed the filmmaker’s understanding of the world. For us, who let the events of this historic story travel through our minds, reality appears as a juxtaposition of fragments carved into our collective memory. AMOS GITAI In 1973, when the Yom Kippur War breaks out, Amos Gitai is an architecture student. The helicopter that carries him and his unit of emergency medics is shot down by a missile, an episode he will allude to years later in Kippur (2000). After the war, he starts directing short films for the Israeli public television, which has now gone out of business. -
Statistical Information
STATISTICAL INFORMATION VOTES CAST FOR SENATORS IN 2008, 2010, and 2012 [Compiled from official statistics obtained by the Clerk of the House. Figures in the last column, for the 2012 election, may include totals for more candidates than the ones shown.] Vote Total vote State 2008 2010 2012 cast in 2012 Democrat Republican Democrat Republican Democrat Republican Alabama ....................... 752,391 1,305,383 515,619 968,181 .................... .................... .................... Alaska .......................... 1,51,767 147,814 60,045 90,839 .................... .................... .................... Arizona ........................ .................... .................... 592,011 1,005,615 1,036,542 1,104,457 2,243,422 Arkansas ...................... 804,678 .................... 288,156 451,618 .................... .................... .................... California ..................... .................... .................... 5,218,441 4,217,366 7,864,624 4,713,887 12,578,511 Colorado ...................... 1,230,994 990,755 851,590 822,731 .................... .................... .................... Connecticut .................. .................... .................... 605,204 498,341 792,983 604,569 1,511,764 Delaware ...................... 257,539 140,595 174,012 123,053 265,415 115,700 399,606 Florida .......................... .................... .................... 1,092,936 2,645,743 4,523,451 3,458,267 8,189,946 Georgia ........................ 909,923 1,228,033 996,516 1,489,904 ................... -
Israel's Struggle Against Hamas
Università degli Studi “Roma Tre” Scuola Dottorale in Scienze Politiche XXV Ciclo Israel’s Struggle Against Hamas Supervisore Dottorando Prof. Leopoldo Nuti Niccolò Petrelli Coordinatore della Sezione Prof. Leopoldo Nuti Introduction The PhD research, ‘Israel’s Struggle against Hamas: Strategic Culture, Adaptation and War’, studies the impact of cultural factors on the Israeli counter-insurgency vis-à-vis Hamas in the period comprised between 1987 and 2005, analyzing to what extent the peculiar traits of the Israeli approach to security and military affairs account for the shaping of a distinct ‘way of war’ and for the successes and failures of the Jewish state in countering the Islamic Resistance Movement’s insurgency. The concept of ‘counter-insurgency’ is logically contingent on that of ‘insurgency’, to which it applies. Being insurgency a protracted struggle to control a contested political space conducted by one or more popularly based non-state challengers1, ‘counter-insurgency’ could be defined as all those measures through which elements of national power are applied for the purpose of suppressing an insurgency. From this definition it appears clear how the concept constitutes an analytical paradigm through which scholars and practitioners approach asymmetric warfare (or war against ‘irregulars’, ‘partisans’ or ‘guerrillas’), that is struggles between non-state and state actors.2 Although old as human civilization, asymmetric warfare rose to prominence after 1945, coming to represent the norm, rather than the exception, of war.3 The end of the Cold War and the last two decades seemed to confirm the ascendancy of this specific kind of warfare over ‘conventional’ or ‘symmetric warfare’ and the setting of a pattern that will probably continue for some time.4 Counter-insurgency represents therefore a topic worth to study not only by virtue of its prominence in the history of warfare, but also in light of the nature of the conflicts confronting the international community, either currently and possibly also in the near future. -
Interest in Past Leaders Reflects the Crisis on the Israeli Left
Interest in Past Leaders Reflects the Crisis on the Israeli Left by Prof. Hillel Frisch BESA Center Perspectives Paper No. 875, June 26, 2018 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: The crisis of the Israeli left is reflected in the sharply declining interest within Israel in Yitzhak Rabin compared to Menachem Begin and Yitzhak Shamir. The opposite trend is visible abroad. The problem of the left is that it is Israelis who vote, not the world community. A search for the term “Yitzhak Rabin” in Hebrew in Google Trends reveals a sharp decline in interest since 2005, the tenth anniversary of Rabin’s assassination. The decline is precipitous in the years immediately following 2005 and then levels off. Still, the decline over time is substantial. If searches for Rabin in 2004 represent 100, the high point, this figure was down to 6 by October 2017 – less than one-twelfth the number of searches 13 years before. Interest in Rabin is also sharply correlated to the period of commemoration that occurs in November of each year on the anniversary of the assassination. Obviously, official remembrance days heighten awareness in any particular year, but they have done little to arrest the overall decline in interest in Rabin. “Yitzhak Rabin” in Google Trends The same exercise regarding Menachem Begin and Shamir shows a stark contrast. Whereas interest in Rabin has declined sharply, interest in Begin and Shamir remains surprisingly constant – not only over the years, but within the calendar year. These comparisons say nothing about the absolute number of searches over time among the three leaders. They do say something conclusive, however, about trends in interest and therefore in the collective historical memory. -
US Foreign Aid to Israel: a Reassessment Policy Paper
2013 תשע“ג US Foreign Aid סיוע חוץ :to Israel של ארה“ב לישראל: A Reassessment הערכה מחדש נייר מדיניות Policy Paper גדעון ישראל Gideon Israel המכללה למדינאות The Jewish Statesmanship Center ת.ד. 18749 ירושלים P.O.Box 18749, Jerusalem טל' 077-5156011 פקס Tel. +972-77-5156011 077-5156014 http://www.statesmanship.org.il http://www.statesmanship.org.il/ © כל הזכויות שמורות All rights reserved © US Foreign Aid to Israel: A Reassessment Policy Paper Gideon Israel Table of Contents Abstract ........................................................................................ 5 Policy Paper Summary ................................................................. 6 Appendix 1 History of Aid ......................................................... 17 Appendix 2 Origins of the Aid ................................................... 26 Appendix 3 Examples of Pressure ............................................. 32 Appendix 4 Israel’s Dependence on America ............................ 47 Appendix 5 Linkage: Impact on US Aid to Israel's Enemies .... 50 Appendix 6 Congress and Foreign Policy ................................. 54 Appendix 7 US State Department and Israel ............................. 65 Appendix 8 US Financial Crisis ................................................ 70 Appendix 9 Recommendations .................................................. 75 Afterword ................................................................................... 86 Bibliography ............................................................................. -
Nobel Peace Prize - True Or False?
Nobel Peace Prize - True or False? ___ 1 T he Nobel Peace Prize is ___ 7 The Nobel Peace Prize given every two years. ceremony is held each year in December. ___ 2 T he Nobel Peace Prize is n amed after a scientist. ___ 8 The Nobel Peace Prize winner is chosen by a ___ 3 A lfred Nobel was from c ommittee from Sweden. G ermany. ___ 9 T he prize can only be given ___ 4 N obel became very rich from t o one person each time. his invention – a new gasoline engine. ___ 10 T he Nobel Peace Prize consists of a medal, a ___ 5 There are six dierent Nobel diploma and some money. Prizes. ___ 6 The rst Peace Prize was awarded in 1946 . Nobel Peace Prize - True or False? ___F 1 T he Nobel Peace Prize is ___T 7 The Nobel Peace Prize given every two years. Every year ceremony is held each year in December. ___T 2 T he Nobel Peace Prize is n amed after a scientist. ___F 8 The Nobel Peace Prize winner is chosen by a Norway ___F 3 A lfred Nobel was from c ommittee from Sweden. G ermany. Sweden ___F 9 T he prize can only be given ___F 4 N obel became very rich from t o one person each time. Two or his invention – a new more gasoline engine. He got rich from ___T 10 T he Nobel Peace Prize dynamite T consists of a medal, a ___ 5 There are six dierent Nobel diploma and some money. -
Air Strike at Osirak
Air Strike at Osirak Rumors have been circulating for years that Israel was getting ready to n the fall of 1980, Israeli military launch a pre-emptive attack on Iran’s emerging nuclear weapons capability. intelligence reported that the Osirak The speculation intensified as Iran prepared to move its uranium enrichment nuclear reactor, 12 miles southeast plant into a hardened mountain bunker. Iran continued to resist diplomatic of Baghdad, would become opera- and economic pressures to cease its quest for an atomic bomb. tional between July and November In February, Israel warned that the window of opportunity for a successful Iof 1981. Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein military operation was closing, and an attack could not be delayed much had no need for a reactor for electric longer if it was to be done at all. News reports said the Pentagon believed power production or other peaceful Israel might attack as early as April. purposes; Iraqi oil reserves were ranked There were inevitable comparisons to a situation with marked similarities sixth in the world. 30 years ago, when the Israeli Air Force wiped out a nuclear reactor in Iraq What Saddam really wanted from the just before it was to be activated. This is the story of the air strike at Osirak. reactor was the spent atomic fuel, from which plutonium could be extracted to manufacture the core of an implosion- 58 AIR FORCE Magazine / April 2012 relations with the Arab world. In the Iraq’s nuclear reactor was about to go hot. wake of severe gasoline shortages in If the Israelis were going to take action, the United States and Western Europe following the Arab oil embargo of it had to be soon. -
Mirette F. Mabrouk Mirette F
Mirette F. Mabrouk Mirette F. Mabrouk is director of communications for the Economic Research Forum (ERF), and a nonresident fellow at the Project on U.S. Relations with the Islamic World. She was formerly associate director for publishing operations at the American University in Cairo (AUC) Press and the publisher of The Daily News Egypt, the country’s only independent English- language daily newspaper. Mabrouk has over 20 years of experience in journalism. She founded The Daily News Egypt (formerly The Daily Star Egypt) in May of 2005 and it rapidly became the leading English newspaper in the country. Mabrouk wrote regularly, with her opinion columns generally being the paper’s top-emailed article during the week of their publication. In 1995, she was asked to found Business Today, becoming the country’s youngest editor of a national magazine. It went on to become the top independent business magazine in the region. She was formerly an editor for Arab Media and Society, an online journal on the media’s role in Arab and Muslim societies published by AUC’s Kamal Adham Center for Journalism Training and Research, and the Middle East Centre at St. Anthony’s College, Oxford. She has served on the boards of the Egyptian Chapter of Young Arab Leaders, a regional non-profit organization dedicated to development, and the non-governmental organization Masr Habibti. She has been involved with the Aspen Institute (Washington DC), the Consumer Unity Trust Society (Jaipur, India.), and the Brains Trust at the Evian Group, a trade-advocacy think tank based in Lausanne, Switzerland. -
Why Hawks Become Doves
ONE INTRODUCTION An Individual Level Explanation of Foreign Policy Change Why do some hawkish leaders become dovish, thereby pursuing dramatic change in their states’ foreign policies, while other hawks remain committed to the status quo? Recent history provides us with important examples of prominent foreign policy “hawks” who underwent dovish transformations. These leaders’ shifts led, in turn, to major changes in their states’ foreign policies. Egyptian president Anwar Sadat’s peace overtures to Jerusalem, just four years after launching a surprise attack on Israel, led to the Egypt‑Israel Peace Treaty in 1979. In South Africa, Nelson Mandela’s repudiation of violence in his 1989 letter to President P. W. Botha set the stage for the country’s transition from apartheid to democracy. In the Soviet Union, Mikhail Gorbachev moved his country from a policy of containment to détente between 1985 and 1991. Yet major foreign policy transformations have occurred not only in authoritarian regimes, where change, some would argue, may more like‑ ly occur as a result of the whims of an authoritarian leader, but also in democratic societies.1 For example, Charles de Gaulle, the French military leader who became president of the Fifth Republic, reversed the longstand‑ ing French policy vis‑à‑vis the Algerians by granting them independence. The United States also has undergone a number of major foreign policy reversals. President Richard Nixon’s famous 1972 visit to China marked a significant turnaround of American‑Chinese relations. President Ronald Reagan began seeking a rapprochement with the Soviet Union even before 1 © 2014 State University of New York Press, Albany 2 WHY HAWKS BECOME DOVES Gorbachev came to power and, in so doing, effectively reversed his hardline stance toward the country to which he had formerly referred as “the evil empire” (Farnham 2001; Fischer 1997).