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Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-43536-0 - Interreligious Learning: Dialogue, Spirituality and the Christian Imagination Michael Barnes Index More information

Index

Abhishiktananda, 74, 75, 134, 135, 145 Benedict XVI, Pope, 138, 179, 180, 184, 185 Acarya, 135 Bergman, Shmuel Hugo, 101, 102 Agnosticism, 261 Bernard of Clairvaux, St, 173 Ali, Imam, 214 Bertone, Cardinal, 185 Almsgiving, 208, 209 Bhagavad Gita, 40, 135, 183, 216, 228 Amritsar, 245 Bhagavata Purana, 226, 227, 228, 233 Anandpur, 241, 242 Bhakti, 21, 39, 57, 75, 211, 226, 228 Anonymous Christianity, 10, 12, 15 saguna and nirguna, 249, 250, 251 Anselm, St., xv, 13, 19, 59, 61, 116, 165 Bhakti-marga, 46 Anti-Judaism, 116 bin Laden, Osama, 182 Anti-Semitism, 92, 121–2 Body of Christ, 163 Appleby, Scott, 204, 205 Bonaventure, St, 173, 211 Aquinas, St. Thomas, 255, 258, 264 Bosch, David, 76, 99 Arendt, Hannah, 65, 66 Brown, Christopher, 167 Arjun, Guru, 44, 245 Brueggemann, Walter, 125, 126, 127, 163 Armour, Rollin, 190 Buber, Martin, ix, 5, 94, 95, 97, 100–2, 104, 108, Arnold, Matthew, 71 118, 125, 126, 129, 131, 206 Asceticism, 143, 154, 161, 220, 230, 231, 251 Buckley, Michael, 36 Ashramic spirituality, 135, 136 Buddha, 148, 151, 156, 221, 236 Aśrama, 135 and Jesus, 157–9 Atheism, 59, 74, 130 First Sermon of, 147 Augustine, St., 25, 33, 55, 60, 62, 65, 115, 116, 119, form body/transcendent body, 167 138, 165, 173, 179, 236, 249, 252, 258 silence of, 164 Auschwitz, 48–50, 60, 66–7, 113 Buddhadasa, Bhikkhu, 158 Ayoub, Mahmoud, 186 Buddhism, 5, 7, 30, 31, 39, 43, 56, 77, 81, 114, 136, 147, 235, 236 Badawi, Zaki, 183 Abhidharma, 39 Bahira, 190 Anatmavada, 43, 82, 158 Ballantyne, Tony, 37 and Christianity, 157–64, 170, 174–5, 235–7 ‘Banality of evil’ (see Arendt) 65, 113 bodhisattva, 3 Barnes, Michael, 10, 11, 17, 138, 154, 206, 232, 236 brahmanical background, 82 Barth, Karl, 12, 13 Buddhadharma, 43 Basil of Caesarea, St, 139 Buddhist theology, 81 Batchelor, Stephen, 43, 44, 56, 57, 81 compassion, 80, 150 Baumann, Gerd, 28 construction of, 43–4 Beattie, Tina, 59 cross-cultural, 82 Beise Kiblinger, Kristin, 17, 19 Dhammapada, 236 Belief Dharma, 56, 82, 168, 170 and commitment, 252 Engaged, 157 and trust, 252 enlightenment, 4 faith and, 41, 54 First Noble Truth, 147, 160 282

© in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-43536-0 - Interreligious Learning: Dialogue, Spirituality and the Christian Imagination Michael Barnes Index More information

Index 283

Four Noble Truths, 147 as school of faith, 225 ‘gnostic agape’, 228 as subculture, 85 ‘gnostic idiom’, 151 Buddhist meditation and, 149 karma, 230 Buddhist yoga and, 146 karuna, 80, 150 Creeds-, 223, 248, 249, 251–2 Mahayana, 4, 161, 164, 166, 167, 249 Discipleship, 47 meditation, 24, 141 Eucharist, xi, 6 Middle Way, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 164 Finality of, 10 mindfulness, 146–9 ‘gnostic agape’, 154 Nirvana, 5, 83, 147 in Asia, 79 Noble Eightfold Path, 141, 147, 148 in the Enlightenment, 35 pratityasamutpada, 162, 163, 171 influenced by other religions, 243 renouncer culture, 143 Jewish roots, 125 scholastic traditions, 57 Jewishness of, 92 Second Noble Truth, 147 Love of God, 186 silence of God, and, 164–6 Monastic tradition, 69 skandhas, 160 Participation in life of God, 193 śunyata, ‘emptiness’, 82 Paschal Mystery, 169, 174, 195, 240 Theravada, 3, 39, 56, 150, 151, 158, 159, 160 Prayer, 151, 152 Trinitarian resonances, 167 Relationship with Buddhism, 170 universal significance of, 82 Resurrection, 162 upekkha, 148 Universal significance, 82 Vinaya, 148 Christians and Hindus, 137 Vipassana, 149, 152 Christology, 13, 15, 167, 223, 224, 236, 258 Western misunderstanding of, 81 Chrysostom, St John, 115 wisdom and compassion, 150 Church, 163 yoga and, 143, 145–6 Body of Christ, 163 Zen, 3, 4, 6, 8, 78, 147, 149, 155–7, 166, 170, 221, Changed attitude to Jews, 114 222, 237, 265 and mission, 200 Buddhist–Christian encounter non-Christians and, 104 ‘cosmic and metacosmic’ religion (see Pieris) Clarke, J. J., 42 84–5 ‘Clash of civilisations’, 118, 205 inculturation, 80–3 Clooney, Francis X., 18–21, 23, 46, 55, 126, 127, examples of, 80 199, 227, 238 Buddhology, 167, 168, 236 Cohen, Arthur, 92, 98, 106 Burnouf, Eugene, 43 Collins, Steven, 5, 119, 149, 159 Burrell, David, 198 Common Word, A, 184–9, 198, 200, 243 Burrows, William, 225 Communities of faith, 52 religions as, 7, 32 Cantwell Smith, Wilfred, 31, 32, 33, 34, 37, Comparative theology, xi, 9, 10, 17–18, 19, 20, 21, 40–1, 43, 44, 45, 52, 53, 56, 62, 65, 22, 31, 74, 87, 236, 238, 243 69, 183 function of, 13 Cassian, St. John, 138 in dialogue, 108 Caste system, 251 in Islamic mode, 189 Cavanaugh, William, 30, 36, 204 supporting life of faith, 238 Centering prayer, 144 Congar, Yves, 239, 255, 258, 259 Chalcedon, 223, 224, 237, 265 Contemplation, 143, 144, 156, 161 Cheetham, David, 11 Contemplative discernment, 225 Cherbury, Lord Herbert of, 36 ‘Conviction of meaning’, faith as, 41, 47, 51, Christianity 153, 206 ‘agapeic idiom’, 151 Corless, Roger, 83, 161 anthropology, 13 Cornille, Catherine, 110, 136, 232, 243, 246 and Buddhism, 157–64, 170, 174–5, 235–7 ‘cosmic and metacosmic’ religiosity, 84 and Islam, 207–8 Covenant, 50, 103, 107, 116, 125, 132, 254 and other religions, 218 with all humanity, 128

284 Index

Cragg, Kenneth, 195, 223 crossing boundaries, 243 Creation, 15, 40, 74, 158, 159, 195, 198 dialogical and dialectical, 109 as speech, 102 discerning the Spirit in, 257 out of nothing, 159 encountering new potential, 100 story of, 127 enhancing faith, 140 Creeds, 32, 223, 248, 249, 251–2 ethical and political implications of, xiii Crisp, Oliver, 224 expectations of, 106, 188 Culture, 69, 70–3 human experience as, 103 and faith, 170 in reality of the everyday, xii as literature and art, 70 inculturation as, 85 as making, 70 interreligious, forms of, 7 as way of life, 71 learning as object of, 174 assimilation of faith, 76 need for, 15 cultivating history and tradition, 72 of spiritual experience, xiii nature and, 70 orientation and realisation (see Buber) 101 religion and, 69, 73–6 Platonic, 263 ‘Structure of feeling’, 71 Platonic and Buberian, 109 transformation by the Spirit, 225 spirituality of, 95, 139, 171, 173, 206 ‘Cumulative traditions’, religions as (see Wilfred supporting learning, 171 Cantwell Smith) 41, 45, 52 truth and meaning in, 110 Cusa, Nicholas of, 34, 35, 37 value of, 95 virtues of, 110, 120 D’Costa, Gavin, 10, 11, 13, 18, 30, 36, 37, 41, 53 Difference Dabru Emet, 104, 105, 106, 243 ‘Dignity of difference’, 118, 125 Dalai Lama, 83 Discernment, 219 dalit theology, 154 Discipleship, 174, 210, 224 darśana, 21 in dialogue with other, 237 Dawkins, Richard, 59 in Sikhism, 242 de Certeau, Michel, 86, 87, 172, 173 inspired by the Spirit, 260 de Giorgi, Maria, 77 prophetic responsibility, 237 de Nobili, Roberto, 19, 20, 75 Doctrine, 36, 52, 142 de Silva, Lynn, 162, 169 Dogmatic theology, 172 deLillo, Don, 220 Dominus Iesus, 15, 54, 55, 257 Desire, 142, 147, 217 Doxology, 253 channelling of (see spirituality) 149, 156, 207, Dupuis, Jacques, 10, 19, 40, 54, 108, 219, 246 127, 258 Devotio Moderna, 173, 211 Durkheim, Émile, 24, 30 Dharma,, 31 Dialogue, 7, 8, 9, 13, 15, 17, 78, 109, 186 Eagleton, Terry, 70, 71 aim to promote peace, 180 Ecclesiology, 15, 16 allowing questions to be heard, 200 Ehrenberg, Rudolf, 96 and encounter, 40 Eichmann, 65 and theological virtues, 183 Eliade, Mircea, 144 as learning, 188, 266 Empathy, 110 between Buddhists and Christians, 158 Enlightenment (in Buddhism), 4, 56, 82, 151, 161, between Christianity and Islam, 203 168, 236 between God and creatures, 103–8 Enlightenment (The European), 29, 35, 37, between Jews and Christians, 106 59, 126 between persons of faith, 53 Enomiya-Lassalle, Hugo, 78, 149, 150 Buberian, ix, 163, 263 Enstasy (see also yoga) 143 Buddhist–Christian, 166 Equanimity, 152 call for in theology, 108 Eschatology, 92, 224 Christian mission and, 14 Esposito, John, 183, 192 conducive to peace, 108 Ethics, 9 critique in, 237 and politics of inter-faith

Index 285

Eucharist, 6 covenant with humanity, 128 European Renaissance, 34 creation, 102, 159 creation (in Islam), 209 Faith, 51–4 creation, act of loving creator, 198 act of trust, 61 creator, 127 and doubt, 234 discerned in the ordinary, 5 and inter-faith, 9, 87, 137, 139, 140, 236 election of Israel, 128 and reason, 180 eternal Thou, 102 ‘become culture’, 85 found in relationship, 251 becoming ideology, 63–7 immanent and transcendent, 229, 231 belief and, 41, 54 in Christ and in the Spirit, 257 commitment to truth, 53 in everyday experience, 16 communication of, 77 in everyday forms, 69 communities of faith, 52 in Sikhism, 245, 250 ‘conviction of meaning’, 51, 55, 212 incomparability of (Islam), 195 interpersonal dimension of, 53 known through Christ, 158 journey of, 56 known through creation, 15 language of, 251 love of, 186 love and, 62 name of, 174, 249, 250 meaning and, 60 of Israel, 94 orientation to neighbour, 53 participating in the world, 231 past and future, 58, 63 presence of, 54, 102 personal quality, 52 revealed as Father of Jesus, 174 scientific enquiry and, 60 revealed as person, 211 total response of, 53 revelation in Christ, 15, 124, 234 understanding and, 59–60, 61, 62 revelation in Torah, 234 Faivre, Daniel, 28 salvific will of, 16 Fasting, 207 self-communicating, 174 Fenech, Louis E., 241, 246 self-giving, 159, 195 Fenn, Richard, 63, 64, 115 self-revelation in Christ, 125 Fisher, Eugene, 114 sovereignty of, 195 Flood, Gavin, 31, 42, 136 transcendence of, 194 Ford, David, 10, 31, 129, 222 Trinity, 195 Francis of Assisi, St., 201 Goddard, Hugh, 189 Fredericks, James L., 10, 18 Goenka, S. N., 152 Fulgentius of Ruspe, 116 Gorringe, Tim, 76 Fundamentalism, 63, 204, 215, 216, 220 Gotama (see Buddha) 235 Grace, 188 Gandhi, Mahatma, 222 human freedom and, 13 Geertz, Clifford, 69 in other religions, 15 Ghazi bin Muhammad bin Talal, Prince, 185 mediation through other faiths, 14 Gilbert, Martin, 49, 50, 117, 118 saving, 14 Girard, René, 217, 218, 219 Gray, John, 63, 64 Gobind Singh, Guru, 44, 45, 241, 242, 246, Gregory of Nyssa, St., 222, 249 247, 248 Grenke, Arthur, 117 God Griffith, Sidney, 191, 194 all knowing, 210 Griffiths, Bede, 134–6, 139, 152 as Father, 168, 169 Griffiths, Paul, 18, 20, 21, 25, 46, 134, 135, 216 as love, 232 Gunatilleke, Kingsley, 221, 222 as Trinity, 106 Guru (see Sikhism) 135 belief in, 138 beyond language, 249 Halbfass, Wilhelm, 42 call of, 254 Hamas, 212 closeness, 249 Hanh, Thich Nhat, 156, 157, 158, 162, 222 constancy of, 132 Hardy, Friedhelm, 57, 226, 231

286 Index

Harkins, Franklin T., 116 Huntington, Samuel, 205 Harries, Richard, 94 Hussein, Imam, 212–13, 214, 215, Harrison, Peter, 37 220, 223 Hasidim, 5, 129 Heck, Paul, 17, 199 ‘I and Thou’ (see Buber) ix, 69, 100–2, 126, Heelas, Paul, 138, 172 197, 254 Hegel, G. W. F., 122 Imagination, 65, 66 Heschel, Abraham, 94, 117 Incarnation, 16, 74, 116, 124, 125, 131, 173, 191 Heschel, Susannah, 117 and Islam, 193, 194 Hewer, C. T. R., 183, 187, 208 Inculturation, 70, 76–7, 85, 256 Hezbollah, 212 India, 20, 24 Hick, John, 10, 11, 12, 14, 53, 153 Indian religions (see Buddhism; Hinduism; Hinduism, xiv, 21, 30, 31, 39, 42, 43, 114, 136, Sikhism) 44, 45, 55, 57, 58, 167, 219 223, 225 Indian theology, 135 Arjuna, 136, 228, 229–31 Interiority, 143 as school of faith, 46 and exteriority, 171, 172, 173 Atman, 145 Irenaeus, St., 35, 258 Bhagavad Gita, 228–33 Isaac, Jules, 105, 113, 114, 115 Bhagavat, 231 Ishmael, 189, 190 Bhagavata Purana, 226, 233 Islam (see also Muslim–Christian relations) xiv, 7, Bhakti, 39, 211, 226, 228, 232 29, 30, 31, 77, 91, 114 Brahman, 145, 230 Ahl al Kitab, 186 Brahmin priests, 42 Ali, Imam, 214 Construction of, 41–2 almsgiving in, 208 Dharma, 229 and Christianity, 207–8 Jesus in, 222 and terrorism, 204 Krishna-, 225–30, 231, 234, 236 as challenge to Christians and Jews, 189 Mahabharata, 228 as Christian heresy, 190 Moksha, Mukti, 43 as school of faith, 45 Prapatti, 227 Ashura, 212 Rasalila, 226, 228 creation, 195, 209 Samkhya, 229 da’wa, 187 Sannyasi, 27 fasting, 209 Trimarga, 141, 142 ﬁve pillars, 207 Upanishads, 145, 229 God’s word, 191 Vaishnavism, 227 human nature, 192 Varnaśramadharma, 229 iftar, 208 Vedanta, 45, 57 interest in since 9/11, 7 Vedic tradition, 228 Jesus in, 223 Vishnu,, 229 Karbala, 193, 212 Hindutva, 216 love of God, 186 History of salvation, 127 martyr cult, 212 Hitchens, Christopher, 59, 63 prayer, 208 Hodgson, Marshall, 29, 205 Quran, 211 Holocaust (see Shoah) 48–50, 65, 117–18 Ramadan, 208, 217 Holy Spirit, 15, 139, 225, 252, 255, 257, recitation, 195, 198 258, 259 revelation, 193, 195 Hospitality, 110, 244 schools of, 40 Humanity, human person, 132 setting interreligious agenda, 181 freedom of, 6, 198 Shahada, 195 grace and, 13 Shi’a, 193, 202, 213–14 in Buddhism, 160 sovereignty of God, 195 in image of God, 158 status of Muhammad, 193–4 made for relationship with God, 162 story of Hussein, 212–13 Humility, 110 Sunni, 193

Index 287

tahrif or corruption, 187 faith with Covenant, 118 times of prayer, 24 God’s elect people, 97 umma, 208 in Eastern Europe, 117 zakat, 208 wandering Jew, 115 Israel, 126, 189 Jews and Christians, 105, 113–20, 130 election of, 128 Christian hatred for Jews, 105, 114 encounter with God, 124 learning together, 130 as example of blessing, 128 reconciliation, 114 John of Damascus, St., 190 Jackson, Roger, 81 John of the Cross, St., 173 Jainism, 31, 56 John Paul II, Pope, 14, 76, 107, 110 James, William, 10, 18, 34, 57, 75, 135, 138, 173, 179 John XXIII, Pope, 113 Jenkins, Philip, 182 Johnston, William, 78, 149, 150 Jerusalem, 91–2, 107, 110, 129 Judaeo-Christian tradition, 92–3, 94, 95–9, 104, Jesuits, 246 107, 112, 184 Jesus Christ (see also Christianity) 15 dialogue, 93 acceptance by Jews, 115 difference, 94 and Buddha, 157–9 Judaeo-Christian-Islamic tradition, 92 and salvation of non-Christians, 15 Judaism, 24, 40, 45, 98, 121, 136 as God’s question, 238 contribution to public sphere, 118 as prophet (Islam), 187 diaspora, 93 call to follow, 237 living tradition of, 119 calling disciples, 57 monotheism, 130 Christological question, 194 ‘particularist monotheism’, 119 confidence in, 253 Passover, 197 cosmic nature of, 124 rabbinic, 93 death and resurrection, 14, 107, 115, 174, 195, 253 Talmudic commentary, 131 dereliction and abandonment, 237 Torah, 94, 126, 129, 197, 234 Fulfilment of Covenant, 116 Juergensmeyer, Mark, 204, 205, 210, 216, Gethsemane, 212, 237, 239 219, 220 God with us, 224 Julian of Norwich, 161 God’s act of revelation, 237 justice, 203, 219 Image of God, 124 and vengeance, 204 in Islam, 184, 187, 190, 211 Justin, St., 264 in Jerusalem, 91 Incarnate Word of God, 199 Kabir, 250, 251 influence on Eastern traditions, 124 Kant, Immanuel, 122 Jewish view of, 94, 125 Karkainnen, Veli-Matti, 127 Lord, 253 kataphatic/apophatic, 251, 258 Messiah, 233, 234 Kearney, Richard, 60, 123 person of, 211, 224 Keating, Thomas, 144 preaching the Kingdom, 115, 153 Kerygmatic theology, 12 presence in history of salvation, 15 Khalsa (see Sikhism) 44 resurrection, 98, 163, 215, 253 Kharbanda, Birinder Singh, 243, 245, 250, 251 Risen Lord, 234 Khoury, Theodor, 179 Sermon on the Mount, 209, 222 Kingdom of God, 138 significance in another cultural idiom, 223 Kirwan, Michael, 218 Word made flesh, 57 Knitter, Paul, 10 Word of God, 99 Knott, Kim, 77 Jewish matrix for Christianity, 224 Koelman, Gaspar, 144, 145 Jewish personalist philosophy, 125 Krishna, 136, 144, 225–30, 231 Jewish witness to Christians, 129 Supreme Lord, 230 Jews, 91 calling to preserve truth, 107 Language, 219 diaspora, 116 faith and, 249

288 Index

Language (cont.) Missio Dei, 256 in Buddhism, 83 Mission, 14, 76, 187, 198, 200 of faith, 60 Modernity, 7, 9, 11, 23, 30, 36 Lash, Nicholas, 14, 32, 34, 36, 38, 45, 47, 74, 252 and scripture, 216 le Saux, Henri (see Abhishiktananda) 74 impact on religion, 23 Learning, 8 tradition and, 28–32 double learning, 258 Monchanin, Jules, 134, 135 from the other, 238–40 Monotheism, 244 Lectio divina, 19 Muhammad, 91, 180, 190 Legenhausen, Muhammad, 17, 188, 195 as ‘negative prophet’, 194 Lemkin, Raphael, 117 Christian views of, 190 Levenson, Jon, 105, 106, 107, 125 mouthpiece of God, 198 Levinas, Emmanuel, 25, 49, 50, 51, 58, 60, 65, 66, status of, 193–4, 196 86, 103, 104, 119, 125, 126, 128, 130–2, 166, Müller, Max, 19 247, 248, 253 Multiculturalism, 28, 181 Lewis, Bernard, 182, 204 Muslim-Christian relations (see also Islam) 191 Lewis, Philip, 181, 205 Christian reaction to Islam, 189–91 Lindbeck, George, 13, 129 Common tradition, 191 Lipner, Julius, 42, 135 Common Word, A, 184–9 Listening, 94, 130, 181, 187, 220 Crusades, 190 for Word of God, 17 Dialogue, areas for, 185 to God, 259 Foundational principles, 184 Liturgy, 24, 238 in Britain, 181–3 Local cultural forms, 75 mission, 187 Lochhead, David, 109 people of the book, 191 Logos, 102, 248 post 9/11, 179–83 Loughlin, Gerard, 11 recognition of differences, 187 Love, 55, 62, 141, 150, 186, 199 status of Muhammad, 196 God’s self-revelation, 197 stereotypes, 182 Love mysticism, 251 world peace and, 184 Loyola, St. Ignatius of, 126, 150, 173, 211, 232, 246 Mystical/prophetic distinction, 57 Lucretius, 33 Lumen Gentium, 14, 54 Nanak, Guru, 44, 241, 245, 246, 249, 250, 251 Luther, Martin, 97, 116 Natural religion, 36 Nazism, 64, 66, 95, 113, 117 McAuliffe, Jane Dammen, 186, 187 Negative theology, 249 MacCulloch, Diarmuid, 125 Neusner, Jacob, 93, 94, 98, 106 McGrane, Bernard, 35 Neville, Robert, 19 McIntosh, Mark, 137, 172, 211 New Age, 140 Main, John, 144 New atheists, 59, 63, 75 Malka, Salomon, 131 ‘New thinking’ (see Rosenzweig) Nirvana 4, 56 Marshall, David, 187 Normative pluralism, 11, 17, 21, 31, 52, 153 Martin Soskice, Janet, 249 Nostra Aetate, 14, 16, 17, 98, 104, 105, 107, 114, 115, Massignon, Louis, 194 120, 129, 184, 190, 200, 243, 258 Mathewes, Charles T, 11, 30 Nyssa, St Gregory of, 249 Meditation, 5, 78, 144, 145, 146, 151, 230 absorptive and negative, 157 O’Collins, Gerald, 54, 119, 127 Buddhist, 5, 24, 141, 145, 146, 149, 150, 152, 165 Oberoi, Harjot, 241, 242, 244 Bull and herdsman allegory, 4 Ochs, Peter, 13, 46, 105, 129, 200 non-directive, 145 Old Testament, 97, 125, 127, 132 Meister Eckhart, 173 Islam and, 189 Melito of Sardis, 115 Jewish nature of, 126 Melloni. Javier, 211 One-pointedness, ekagrata, 144, 145, Memory, 58, 122, 216 147, 230 Mindfulness, 24, 146, 150, 162, 170, 236 Oriental Renaissance, 136

Index 289

Orientalism, 32, 42 Religion, 7 Original Sin, 192 definition, 7 Other, 17 and culture, 206 and self, x and rites, ritual, 34 as role model, 217 and science, 59 as scapegoat, 118 and violence, 179 obliteration of, 50 and world religions, 32–8 provocation of, 128 as a set of ideas, 45 resistant, 86 as belief in other worldly entities, 217 threat of, 25 as cognitive system, 59 as cult, 33 Panikkar, Raimon, 19, 84, 108, 109, 141–3, 149, as doctrine, 52 150, 165, 166, 169, 171, 226, 228, 254, 260 as knowledge, 36 Paschal Mystery, 14, 107, 169, 174, 195, 240 as object of study, 38 Pashaura Singh, 45 as purely private, 181 Patañjala Yoga, 146 as service, 34 Pathology of religion, 25, 204–7 as truth, 36 Pecknold, C. C., 13, 129 causing cruelty, 63 Pedagogy, 25, 45 controlling human relations, 219 Personalism, 228, 254 culture and, 69, 73–6 Pierce, C. S., 46, 129 first use in plural, 37 Pieris, Aloysius, 79–80, 82, 84, 85, 151, 154, 164, in local cultural forms, 75 166, 169, 236 in post 9/11 era, 262 Pietism, 173 meaning of, 33, 40 Pluralism, 9, 10, 153 privatised, 36, 38 normative, 9 reification of, 33 Church teaching and, 14 and secularism, 30 Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue, toxic, 29–30 15, 109 Religious civilisations, 206 Post-liberal theology, 9 communities, 51 Post-modernity, 7, 111, 171, 262 conflict, 63, 215 Prayer, 151, 152, 207, 208, 210, 220 experience, 131 creeds and, 252 extremism, 181 cycles of, 24 language, 4 Present moment, attention to, 51 life, 202 Prophetic religions, 132 pluralism, 17, 127 Prophetic-mystical distinction, 83 traditions as ‘school of faith’, xiii Putnam, Hilary, 96, 111, 131, 137 violence, 204–5, 206, 218, 219 Responsibility, 103, 130 Qom, 202 towards the other Quran, 74, 188, 192, 194 Revelation, 103 almsgiving, 208 in Christianity and Islam, 193 command to recite, 198 in Islam, 195 created or uncreated, 191 in Quran, 188 liturgical text, 192 of God in Christ, 150 religion and, 12 Race, Alan, 10, 14, 117, 119 Ricci, Matteo, 19, 264 Radcliffe, Timothy, 6 Richard, Yann, xv, 59, 60, 63, 64, 94, 116, 193, 213 Rahner, Karl, 6, 12, 13, 15, 16, 19, 40, 162 Ricoeur, Paul, 60, 122, 123 Rahula, Walpola, 3, 5, 6, 147, 151, 221, 222 Ritual, 24, 26 Ramadan, 208, 217 marking everyday existence, 28 Rawls, John, 30 shaping meaning, 217 Reading, 126, 216 study of, 35 value of, 18 time and, 219 Relationality, 166 Rose, Gillian, 206

290 Index

Rosenzweig, Franz, 94, 95–8, 99, 100, 101, 103, prayer hall, 244 104, 106, 107, 108, 111, 118, 119, 120, 125, saguna/nirguna distinction, 250 126, 130, 131, 137, 142, 151, 189, 197, 253, saint-soldier, 245 263, 265 Vaisakhi, 242, 247, 252 ‘New Thinking’, 96, 97, 108, 130 Waheguru, 244, 245, 247, 252, 259 Star of Redemption, 97 Silence, 164–6 Understanding the Sick and the Healthy, 95 and Word, 166 Roy, Ram Mohan, 222 Singh, Gopal, 222 Rushdie Affair, 181 Singh, Harbans, 246 Russek, Joachim, 113 Smith, Jonathan Z, 31, 34, 35 Social cohesion, 30 Sacks, Jonathan, 109, 118, 119, 128 Social imaginary, xiii, 8, 23, 25, 26, 30, 32, 73, 201, Sacred and profane, 5 215, 243, 261, 264 saguna and nirguna bhakti, 249 Soteriology, 10, 13, 16 Saldanha, Chrys, 98, 99 Sottocornola, Franco, 77, 78, 83, 84, 85 Salvation Soul, 158, 162 inclusive/exclusive, 10 theories, 161 of non-Christians, 14, 15, 116, 257 Spirit, 137, 152, 169, 170, 175, 254–8 outside the church, 12 and Christology, 258 plan of, 14 and closeness of God, 254 Sanskritic tradition, 42 and spirituality, 137–40 Sant tradition, 44 as Spirit of Christ, 259 Śantivanam, 134, 139, 140, 152 forming people, 239 Scapegoat mechanism, 218 God’s gift, 255 Scharf, Rafael, 121–2, 128, 133, 204, 263 human transformation, 254 Schleiermacher, 12 inspiring praise, 260 Schools of faith, 32, 45–7, 58, 66 inspiring right living, 259 Schopenhauer, Artur, 43, 122 leading of, 139 Schreiter, Robert, 76, 85 new learning, 256 Schwab, Raymond, 42 pointing to Christ, 256 Schwager, Raymund, 218 transformative, 138 Schwartz, Christopher, 113 waiting upon, 137, 174 Scriptural Reasoning, 129, 199 Spirit of Christ, 125, 153, 169, 239, 256 Secretariat for Non Christians, 15, 109 Spiritual Exercises, The, 246 Seeds of the Word, 35, 224, 239, 258 Spirituality, 9, 151 Self, 62, 100, 158 of dialogue, 111 and other, x, 163 and the corporeal, 172 conquest of, 5 and Holy Spirit, 137–40 pure spiritual, 144 as practices of faith, 6 sense of, 155 attitude to ultimate end, 141 subordinate to coercive system, 66 channelling desire, 142, 171 Sheldrake, Philip, 77, 137, 138, 140, 171, 172 dimensions of, 140 Shi’a Islam, 202, 210, 213–14 growth in faith, 140 Shoah, 49, 64, 65, 105, 117, 121, 133 history of term, 171 Shomali, Mohammad Ali, 203 interior dimension of religion, 138 Sikhism, xiv, 30, 31, 56, 241–2, 244–7 interiority and exteriority, 140 development of, 44–5 Jewish, 129 distinctiveness, 244 process of maturation, 140 Guru Granth, 245 and relationality, 141–3 Guru Granth Sahib, 241, 254 searching and striving, 143 hospitality, 244 spirituality/religion dichotomy 171 Khalsa, 242 Story, 122, 123–5, 236, 238 monotheism, 244 Stransky, Tom, 114 Mul Mantra, 244, 248 Suffering, 147, 248 Naam, ‘the Name’, 248 Sullivan, Francis A., 13, 116

Index 291

Talmudic commentary, 126 practical skill, 111 Tanner, Kathryn, 18, 70 Trinity, 106, 142, 167, 187, 195 Taylor, Charles, xiii, 8–9, 23–4, 26, 29, 31, 58, 65, Truth, 53, 66, 100 73, 120, 201, 206, 207, 243 commitment to, 53 Temple, destruction of, 93, 115 Tylor, Edward, 71 Teresa of Avila, St, 5, 173 Terrorism, 204, 219, 220 Ultimate reality, 146, 147, 149, 170 Tertullian, 33 Universalism, x, 13, 17, 196, 264 Texts and fundamentalism, 215 Vatican II, xii, 14, 54, 76, 85, 104, 110, 200 and textuality, 21 Vedantic tradition of philosophy, 145 close reading, 126, 199 Violence, 179, 204, 207, 218, 219 context of, 216 Vivekananda, Swami, 222 imposition of generalised pattern, 129 von Balthasar, 171 meaning of, 127 prayerful reading, 216 Wagner, Richard, 43 reading, 18, 20 Waldenfels, Hans, 171 religious context of, 21 Ward, Keith, 11, 19, 31 use of term, xi Weil, Simone, 246 voice behind, 130 Weller, Paul, 181 ‘Theater of Terror’, 220 Williams, Paul, 167 Theology, 7, 31, 81, 122, 126, 172 Williams, Raymond, 70, 71, 72 and Hellenistic culture, 168 Williams, Rowan, 7, 30, 73, 81, 120, 135, 142, 159, and spirituality, 137 167, 169, 170, 238, 256, 259, 260 as a cultural activity, 70 Winter, Timothy, 183 fulﬁlment or inclusivist, 14 Wisdom, 119 of dialogue, 110 Wittgenstein, Ludwig, 5 of liberation, 79 Wolfson, Harry Austryn, 192 of religions, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15, 18, 19, 20, 22, Woodhead, Linda, 138, 172 108, 127 word of revelation, 184 and book, 137 Thomas Aquinas, St, 34, 132, 255 Christian, prophetic, 237 Thomas, Edward J, 235 subordinate to the book, 104 Time, 23–5, 123, 219 Word made Flesh, 191 cycles, 24 Word of God, xvi, 5, 22, 103, 132, 151, 157, 169, 193, mystery of, 25 198, 207, 223, 239, 249, 255 patterned by religion, 28 and Spirit, single economy of, 260 Todorov, Tzvetan, 64, 69 and silence, 166 Torah, 74, 197 identiﬁed with Christ, 193 Totalitarianism, 64, 66, 69, 118 in Islam, 192 Tracy, David, 17, 83, 225 listening for, 17, 130 Tradition, 216 listening to, 259 and modernity, 28–32 prophecy, 187 Transcendence, 36, 74, 118 revealed by the Spirit, 259 in the everyday, 232 seeds of the Word, 224 relation to world, 38 spoken through Jesus, 57 Transformation, 215, 256 waiting upon, 137 Translation, xiii, 75, 77, 97, 107, 108, 118, 123, World religions 136, 225 as schools, 32, 45, 47, 51 Bible, 104 asking different questions, 200 Gospel, 99 changing, 7, 23 interpersonal exchange, 104 communities of faith, 7, 32 metaphor for spiritual life, 99 fundamental differences, 10 of self, 174 generic religion and, 30 of the self, 140 homogenised, 40

292 Index

World religions (cont.) eightfold, 144 not monolithic, 206 personal integration, 143 other, strangeness of, 29 Yogic tradition, 143–5 plurality of, 40 forms, 145 related to the Church, 54 shared truths, 11 Zaehner, R. C., 141, 143, 228 Worship (see liturgy) 55 Zechariah, 105 Wright, Tom, 237 Zen Buddhism, 149, 155–7, 166, 170, 237, 265 Xavier, Jerome, 246 incarnational quality, 157 Xavier, St Francis, xvi, 246 Japanese tradition, 155 middle of things, 157 Yoga, 3, 43, 143, 146, 231 patterns of meditation, 155 absorption, 145 Zoroastrianism, 40