Suomių Kompozitorių Vargonų Muzika

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Suomių Kompozitorių Vargonų Muzika LIETUVOS MUZIKOS IR TEATRO AKADEMIJA MUZIKOS FAKULTETAS VARGONŲ IR KLAVESINO KATEDRA LOLITA LIAMO SUOMIJOS KOMPOZITORIŲ VARGONŲ MUZIKA Studijų programa: atlikimo menas (vargonai) Magistro darbas Darbo vadovas: Doc. dr. Eglė Šeduikytė - Korienė Vilnius, 2018 LIETUVOS MUZIKOS IR TEATRO AKADEMIJA BAIGIAMOJO DARBO SĄŽININGUMO DEKLARACIJA 2018 m. balandžio 30 d. Patvirtinu, kad mano baigiamasis darbas „Suomijos kompozitorų vargonų muzika„ yra parengtas savarankiškai. 1. Šiame darbe pateikta medžiaga nėra plagijuota, tyrimų duomenys yra autentiški ir nesuklastoti. 2. Tiesiogiai ar netiesiogiai panaudotos kitų šaltinių ir/ar autorių citatos ir/ar kita medžiaga pažymėta literatūros nuorodose arba įvardinta kitais būdais. 3. Kitų asmenų indėlio į parengtą baigiamąjį darbą nėra. 4. Jokių įstatymų nenumatytų piniginių sumų už šį darbą niekam nesu mokėjęs (-usi). 5. Su pasekmėmis, nustačius plagijavimo ar duomenų klastojimo atvejus, esu susipažinęs(-usi) ir joms neprieštarauju. (Parašas) (Vardas, pavardė) Summary This final master degree work is about Finnish composers’ organ music. Relevance of the topic the organ music of the Finnish composers is not thoroughly analyzed in Lithuania. It is one of the main reasons to start writing this topic in the master degree work. It can be said that the Finnish composers’ organ music topic has been little studied in Finland itself, because there is little literature about it. Especially, the problem is, that books about Finnish organ music are not so much translated in English language. Novelty of work Finland, because of its language, is a relatively closed country for foreigners, and it is not easy to access literature sources and get information, especially on organ issues. Thus, the novelty of the work is based on the chosen topic, referring to original sources in Finland: books, CD descriptions, and some information on web pages that are available in Library of Sibelius Academy only to students studying in Finland. The literature about organ music was not easy to find, since, basically, the whole Finnish organ music history literature is only available in native language, therefore this situation demanded to use English-language literature, which is available in the Library of Sibelius Academy. Therefore, this situation demanded to use more accessible sources, for example web sites. The subject of the research - Finnish organ music - composers, their works and organists’ life. The aim of the study is to reveal as much knowledge as possible about the history of organ music in Finland and also about organists’ music and their life. Research tasks: 1) Describe the uniqueness of Finnish composers works. 2) Reveal some important events that have influenced the development of Finnish music. 3) To introduce the Finnish composers and their organ music works. 4) To find out the history of the creation of certain pieces of organs. 5) Define the uniqueness of the Sibelius Academy and its opportunities for an organist. Research methods: 1) Theoretical analysis of literature and sources with the purpose to determine the features of artistic creation and specifity of musician‘s professional activity in creative works. 2) historical descriptive method; Work structure: The first section deals with the material most relevant to the Finnish historical musical heritage; in this chapter, it is important to reveal as much information as possible to familiarize the reader with the Finnish musical life. Both uniqueness and advantages of educational conditions of Sibelius Academy are discussed here. In the second chapter, efforts were put into analysis of Oskar Merikanto Passacaglia op. 80 and Joonas Kokkonen Lux Aeterna works and, as well as, writing of the interpretation of the works based on CDs, videos, certain notes, musical experiences and other sources that may be useful. TURINYS ĮVADAS ................................................................................................................…................3 1. SUOMIŲ VARGONŲ MUZIKA BENDRAME SUOMIJOS MUZIKOS ISTORIJOS KONTEKSTE.............................................................................................................................4 1.1. Reikšmingi įvykiai Suomijos muzikos istorijoje.....................................................4 1.1.1. Politinis ir kultūrinis kontekstas............................................................................4 1.1.2. Suomijos muzikinė kultūra...................................................................................5 1.1.3. Vargonų muzika...................................................................................................7 1.2. Vargonų studijų išskirtinumas ir privalumai Sibelijaus Akademijoje.....................9 1.2.1 Evangelikų Liuteronų bažnyčia............................................................................12 2. SUOMIJOS KOMPOZITORIŲ KŪRYBA VARGONAMS...............................................13 2.1. Oskaro Merikanto gyvenimas ir kūrybos apžvalga................................................16 2.1.1. Kūriniai vargonams.............................................................................................17 2.1.2. Pasakalija op. 80 interpretacijų analizė...............................................................18 2.2. Trumpa Joonas Kokkoneno biografija ir kūryba....................................................25 2.2.1. „Requiem“ Lux Aeterna interpretacijų analizė...................................................26 IŠVADOS.................................................................................................................................28 LITERATŪROS IR ŠALTINIŲ SĄRAŠAS............................................................................30 PRIEDAI...................................................................................................................................33 2 ĮVADAS Temos aktualumas. Suomijos kompozitorių vargonų muzika nėra labai išsamiai nagrinėjama Lietuvoje. Galima sakyti, kad ji mažai tyrinėta ir pačioje Suomijoje, nes nedaug literatūros apie tai yra. Darbo naujumas. Suomija dėl savo kalbos yra gana uždara šalis kitataučiams ir prieiti prie šaltinių bei gauti informacijos, ypač vargonų tema, nėra lengva. Taigi, darbo naujumas yra tame, kad pasirinkta tema, rašyta remiantis originaliais Suomijoje esančiais šaltiniais: iš Sibelijaus akademijos bibliotekos paimtos knygos, CD aprašymai, ir tam tikra informacija interneto puslapiuose, kuri prieinama tik Suomijoje studijuojančiam studentui. Literatūrą rasti nebuvo paprasta, nes pagrinde visa Suomijos muzikos istorija yra prieinama tik suomių kalba, taigi, teko labiausiai pasitelkti iš suomių kalbos versta angliška literatūra, kurią galima rasti Sibelijaus akademijos bibliotekoje, tačiau taip pat teko pasitelkti ir labiau prieinamais šaltiniais. Tyrimo objektas – Suomijos vargonų muzika – kompozitoriai, jų kūriniai, vargonininkų gyvenimas. Tyrimo tikslas – atskleisti kuo daugiau žinių apie Suomijos vargonų muzikos istoriją, vargonininkų kūrybą bei jų gyvenimą. Tyrimo uždaviniai: 1) Apibūdinti kuo savita yra Suomijos kompozitorių kūryba. 2) Atskleisti tam tikrus svarbius įvykius, įtakojusius Suomijos muzikos raidą 3) Pristatyti Suomijos kompozitorius ir jų kūrybą vargonams 4) Išsiaiškinti tam tikrų kūrinių vargonams sukūrimo istoriją. 5) Apibrėžti Sibelijaus akademijos išskirtinumą bei joje esančias galimybes vargonininkui. Tyrimo metodai: 1) Teorinė literatūros ir šaltinių analizė, siekiant nustatyti meninės kūrybos ypatumus ir muzikanto profesinės veiklos specifiškumą kūrybos veikloje; 3) Istorinis aprašomasis metodas; Darbo struktūra. Pirmame skyriuje yra aptariama medžiaga, daugiausiai susijusi su Suomijos istoriniu muzikiniu palikimu, šiame skyriuje svarbu atskleisti kuo daugiau informacijos supažindinant skaitytoją su Suomijos muzikiniu gyvenimu. Čia nagrinėjamas ir Sibelijaus Akademijos išskirtinumas, aptariami akademijos privalumai bei suteikiamos vargonininkui žinios apie ugdymo sąlygas. Antrame skyriuje bandoma išanalizuoti Oskaro Merikanto Pasakaliją op. 80 ir Joonaso Kokkoneno Lux Aeterna kūrinius bei parašyti kūrinių interpretaciją remiantis CD, vaizdo įrašais, natomis, kūrinio istorija, muzikine patirtimi ir kitais šaltiniais, kurie gali būti naudingi. 3 1. SUOMIŲ VARGONŲ MUZIKA BENDRAME SUOMIJOS MUZIKOS ISTORIJOS KONTEKSTE 1.1. Reikšmingi įvykiai Suomijos muzikos istorijoje „Suomijos muzikos kilmė buvo palaidota viduramžių tamsoje. Mūsų žinios apie šį laikotarpį yra elementarios, kaip eskizas pieštuku; bet kokie bandymai užpildyti detales ar spalvą neišvengiamai priklauso nuo spėlionių.“ ( Korhonen. 2007: 12 psl. ). Tokiomis mintimis dalinasi vienas iš Suomijoje gyvenančių muzikologų, rašytojų. Pasak kitų šaltinių, nuomonė apie Suomijos muzikos istoriją yra ganėtinai panašiai susiformavusi. Bandymai sužinoti išsamesnės ir struktūruotos informacijos apie Suomijos vargonų muzikos raidą bei jos evoliuciją yra tikrai sudėtinga misija. Tikroji istorija yra apipinta tam tikromis spelionėmis, bet ji tokia, kokia yra. Žvelgiant į pačią pradžią, galima rasti susiformavusį išties neblogą žinių srautą apie tai, kaip viskas vyko iš pradžių vargonininko perspektyvoje. 1.1.1. Politinis ir kultūrinis kontekstas Suomijoje egzistuoja dvi oficialios valstybinės kalbos – suomių ir švedų. Net jų gatvės pavadinimai parašyti šiomis dvejomis kalbomis. Tai suteikia intenciją laisvam kalbų skleidimui savo šalyje, todėl galima būtų teigti išvadą, kad suomiams svarbūs yra jų kaimynai ir susišnekėjimas su jų žemėje esančiais kitataučiais, nes tauta yra
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