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Aanspraak September 2014 English SelectedAanspraak articles in English translation Afdeling Verzetsdeelnemers en Oorlogsgetroffenen September 2014 They can’t touch my innermost being Toos Blokland kept a diary in the camps at Darmo-wijk and Halmaheira Contents The page numbers refer to the original Dutch edition Page 3 Speaking for your benefit Page 4-7 The 15 August Commemoration speech by Gerdi Verbeet in The Hague Page 8-12 They can’t touch my innermost being Toos Blokland kept a diary in the camps at Darmo-wijk and Halmaheira Page 16-19 Coming to terms - silently As a teenager, Jacquelien de Savornin Lohman survived the camps at Kramat and Tjideng Page 22 Questions and Answers No rights may be derived from this text. Translation: SVB, Amstelveen. Aanspraak - September 2014 - 2 Speaking for your benefit Many of us find it difficult to say goodbye. If we say It is therefore no easy matter for me to lay down goodbye to loved ones knowing that we will never my task as Chair of the Pension and Benefit Board. see them again, that is only to be expected. But let You will have the opportunity to meet my successor, me speak from my own experience. As a three-year Dineke Mulock Houwer, in a future edition of old in early 1943, I was handed over by my mother to Aanspraak. During the coming months, I will assist a member of the resistance. He placed me in a foster Dineke in preparing for her presidency. She is an family until my mother came to fetch me in 1945. experienced administrator with a real affinity with At the time, I didn’t understand why I kept having to victims of war. I have every confidence that with its part from people, first my mother and then my foster new president, the Pension and Benefit Board will family, but even today, I still find it difficult when be in good hands. a loved one leaves or when I myself have to leave. This is the last time that I will be speaking for your On 1 January 2015, I will retire from my work as benefit. I wish you all the best. Chair of the Pension and Benefit Board. Although this is a voluntary decision, it means that I will have to say goodbye to tasks that have been very dear to me. For the last twenty-two years, I have held many different positions within the Pension and Benefit Board. I have met so many clients and members of Hans Dresden staff both in and outside the Netherlands. Moving Chair of the Pension and Benefit Board encounters that have left a lasting impression on me. Sociale Verzekeringsbank Aanspraak - September 2014 - 3 The 15 August Commemoration speech by Gerdi Verbeet Reflecting together Stories about the war in the Dutch East Indies Every year on the morning of 14 August, a short When I became President of the House and ceremony is held in the main lobby of the old Dutch had the opportunity of giving an annual speech, parliament building. A small group of people gather I wanted to learn more. Each year I invited one by the East Indies Plaque, which was unveiled in person to attend the commemoration. Gradually, 1985. Together, they reflect on the end of the I came to understand more of what each of these Second World War in Asia. In the eleven years that I people had been through. The first person I invited was a member of parliament, I always joined them – was my history teacher. It was his stories about and in my six years as President of the Dutch House life in the camp that had first given me an insight of Representatives, I always gave a speech. into the cruelty of that war so far away. This was supplemented later by what my Dutch teacher It is not a large group that meets up every year, showed me of life in the East Indies through the but rather an intimate gathering. But that small works of writers such as Du Perron, Hella Haasse group represents the entire Dutch East Indies and Multatuli. I and a few of my classmates were community in all its diversity. In the beginning I was once invited to his mother’s house. The whole of the surprised at just how diverse it was. So many groups, Dutch East Indies condensed into one small abode. so many foundations, associations and platforms. For forced laborers in Thailand and Burma, for women Next I invited Ms De Niet, whose husband had been and children in the camps, for the boys in the President of the Dutch Senate. She told me how she boys’ camps and the children with Indo-European had arrived in the East Indies as a young woman in backgrounds outside the camps, for prisoners of war 1939. Her husband was a missionary and they were and former soldiers of the Royal Netherlands East full of anticipation for the new life they would be Indies Army – such a long list of organizations! leading, far from the Netherlands. A year later, war broke out in the Netherlands, and two years later, it Shared experiences reached the East Indies. On Ascension Day 1942, her As spokesperson for victims of war, I not only got husband was taken from their home. Later that year, to know the representatives of these organizations she herself was interned in the camp at Tjideng. but also individual victims. I heard more and more I shall never forget her description of how powerless stories. And the more I read, the more stories she felt. One year, I invited Frank, a former classmate I heard – the more I began to understand. Those of mine. At the beginning of the war, his mother had groups have a lot in common of course. Their past taken his older half-brothers to a children’s home. lies in the Dutch East Indies. That is where they spent It would be twenty years before they saw her again. their childhood, where they were happy. Until the His father had collected the boys after the war, war began. But there are also differences between but in their father’s new family they were not really them. And sometimes your experiences are such welcome. At school, Frank never spoke about it. that they are only shared by a very particular group. Another of my guests was Jan van Wagtendonk, who Experiences that have shaped your life. That are part told me about his father and grandfather. Both of of your innermost being. That shape your identity. them were arrested in early 1943, accused of spying That is why you sometimes need to be with those and executed. His younger brother died before his who have had the same experiences as you. eyes in the camp. He is still haunted by that image. Aanspraak - September 2014 - 4 Each year, I invited a guest such as these. I am as well’, said Adriaan van Dis – even though he was grateful to all these people for what they have been born after the war. willing to tell me. Each year, we remembered the war in a different way. And everyone who comes A war is not always over when peace is declared. to commemorate the war each year does so in their That is certainly true for many people who went own particular way. And so, how your remember also through the war in the Dutch East Indies. For when becomes part of your identity. Of course, much of does a war actually end? It was some time before your identity has already formed by the time you’re many in the camps heard that the war was over. And grown up. That is the part determined by where then, when there was peace, they weren’t allowed you were born, what your family was like, where you home. They had to stay in the camp because it was went to school. Then there are aspects you chose safer inside than out. Another kind of war followed. yourself: your partner, your work. And then there And then they had to leave the country they had are the things that just happen to you. Like the war. been born into, the country that was still theirs. And so your personality develops and your identity In the Netherlands they were given a cold welcome. is formed. But your identity is also shaped by how There was little in the way of respect and sympathy others respond to you. Whether you can be who you for these Dutch countrymen with their own East are – or whether you can’t. Whether the person you Indies identity, with their horrific war experiences and are meets with recognition and understanding – their deep longing for the country they had lost. And or with indifference or even disapproval. This is so began the great silence that has only been broken crucial for a person’s self-esteem. by the second or even third generation, who have inherited the burden of a bygone war. It has taken Traces of the war the Netherlands a long time to understand what My own roots do not lie in the East Indies. My all of that meant to the East Indian Dutch. In the father came from Amsterdam, my mother from Netherlands, they were coming to terms with their Steenbergen in Brabant. But even as a child, I own war, with rebuilding the country and looking to recognized that there was something interesting the future. Anyway, didn’t they have the monument about that country on the other side of the world.
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