DOCSLIB.ORG

AC Vol 40 No 10

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
AC Vol 40 No 10 23 July 1999 Vol 40 No 15 AFRICA CONFIDENTIAL ALGERIA 3 ORGANISATION OF AFRICAN UNITY Alger l'Africaine President Bouteflika reestablished Tougher talk Algeria's anti-colonial credentials when he hosted the OAU summit Africa's big three - Algeria, Nigeria and South Africa - focused the and marketed his country as a summit on peace talks and ending military rule dynamic economy at the junction of Africa, Europe and the Middle For once, the Organisation of African Unity caught the mood of the continent, balanced uneasily East. He wanted to show visitors between hope and despair. Hope that, after shaky ceasefire agreements in Congo-Kinshasa and that national reconciliation was Sierra Leone, the Algiers OAU summit (12-16 July) might progress towards resolving the conflicts working and convinced many. ripping through over one-fifth of Africa’s 53 states. Despair that good intentions are far from realisation, as economic weakness persists and old conflicts linger on in Angola and Sudan. Yet by FRANCE/OIL 4 the standards of summits in general and OAU summits in particular, it was constructive. Zambia’s President Frederick Chiluba flew off to Congo-K to persuade the quarrelling rebel Totally elfin factions to sign the 10 July Lusaka peace accord; Nigeria’s President Olusegun Obasanjo flew to For decades the oil company Elf meet embattled President José Eduardo dos Santos in Luanda; United Nations Secretary General Aquitaine has played a key role for Kofi Annan flew back to New York (via Slovakia) with proposals for UN help in peacemaking in French policy in Africa. After its Congo, Sierra Leone and Eritrea-Ethiopia. profitability dropped sharply this A ‘big three’ alliance of elected Presidents - Algeria’s Abdelaziz Bouteflika, Nigeria’s Obasanjo year, the French government encouraged an unsolicited and South Africa’s Thabo Mbeki - set out to rebuild respect for the OAU. The three have takeover bid by France's TotalFina international credibility, powerful contacts and the resolve to try to end Africa’s cycle of wars and to stop Elf falling prey to British or impoverishment. Helped by Egypt’s President Hosni Mubarak and Uganda’s President Yoweri American predators. Museveni, the trio set the style for the summit: more energetic peacemaking in the Horn, a tougher line against putschists and a stronger African voice in the UN and the World Trade Organisation. MALI 5 A red card for putschists Obasanjo in particular pushed the anti-coup line. Chiluba, who narrowly missed being overthrown Power cuts in October 1997 (AC Vol 38 No 22) backed the proposal. The anti-coup proponents had wanted President Konaré wants to go down unlimited retrospective action against any putschist government but the rule was watered down to in history and Premier Keïta wants apply to governments coming to power through force since the Harare summit of 1997. OAU to succeed him as president. Both Spokesperson Ibrahim Daggash explained that the OAU, as Africa’s political referee, had shown may be disappointed. Konaré's a ‘yellow card’ to military regimes; if they don’t return to constitutional rule before next year’s OAU reputation is fading fast and the summit, they will be shown the red card and suspended from membership. The targets are the latest favoured contender for the presidency is former military ruler crop of successful coup-makers in Niger, Guinea-Bissau and Comoros. Longer standing coup- Toumani Touré. makers such as Togo’s Gnassingbé Eyadéma and Gambia’s Yahya Jammeh, whose elections and attempts to legitimise their rule haven’t won international acceptance, are off the hook. The ruling affects Congo-Brazzaville’s President Denis Sassou-Nguesso, who overthrew Pascal CAPE VERDE 6 Lissouba’s elected government in October 1997 after a five month battle. Obasanjo’s old friend, Micro-state former United States’ President Jimmy Carter, has offered to mediate and has already met Lissouba in Atlanta. Sassou wouldn’t usually jump at such an offer but Carter’s mediation may save struggles him an OAU suspension. Murkier still, President Laurent-Désiré Kabila in Congo-K seized power The contest to succeed the ailing by force in May 1997 but is now recognised as legitimate by the Southern African Development Prime Minister Veiga is heating up Community. For now, he is too important in the peace negotiations to be suspended from any ahead of his planned retirement regional body. next February. The technocratic The new rule may push military leaders into negotiations to shore up their legitimacy. However, candidate Vice-Premier Do Rosário faces a populist challenge the summit agreed no mechanism to assess which regimes were breaking the rule or what they must from Mayor of Praia, Jaquinto do to restore constitutional legitimacy. That judgment is left to Secretary General Salim Ahmed Santos. Salim, whose ten years in the post have been marked by an unwillingness to offend military leaders - not even Jammeh or Nigeria’s late General Sani Abacha. OAU insiders say the Secretariat will POINTERS 8 have to follow the Commonwealth lead and set up a ministerial action group to adjudicate on the military regimes. Since the demise of the Commonwealth’s last military regime - Nigeria’s - its Gold, Libya and officials are considering a new democracy-policing role for their ministerial action group, including tougher human rights codes and rights for opposition political groupings - ideas unacceptable to the Sudan old-style OAU. Other suggested sanctions include a general withdrawal of diplomatic recognition. Robbing Peter; Tripoli calling; and arranged marriages. 23 July 1999 Africa Confidential Vol 40 No 15 Loans to military regimes from the OAU-associated African Chinery-Hesse and Food and Agriculture Organisation DG Jacques Development Bank might be suspended but that might not be Diouf. Other high-level guests included Palestine’s President supported by the ADB’s technocratic managers in Abidjan. Yasser Arafat, US Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs Prompted by its host, Bouteflika, the summit passed a resolution Susan Rice (trying for peace in the Horn, Congo and Sierra Leone) outlawing direct and indirect support for terrorism. Among the and Commonwealth Secretary General Emeka Anyaoku, watching targets are the Islamist militias which trouble the Algerian and the OAU follow his own organisation’s line on military regimes. Egyptian governments, with backing from Sudan’s National Islamic Front. Undaunted, Sudan’s Foreign Minister Mustafa Osman Plain talk . up to a point Ismail claimed recent improvements in relations with Cairo and Non-African foreign ministers included Iraq’s Mohamed Said al Algiers. He said that Sudan’s President Omer Hassan Ahmed el Sahaf, seeking African support to end sanctions; Ireland’s David Beshir had agreed with Bouteflika about restoring full diplomatic Andrews, accompanying former President Robinson; and relations and had ‘made progress’ at a meeting with Egypt’s Ukraine’s Borys Tarassyuk, hoping to ‘correct perceptions spread President Mubarak (although Cairo still blames the NIF regime for by commercial rivals’ that his country sells guns and mercenaries the assassination attempt on Mubarak in Addis Ababa in July 1995, to rebels. ‘None of these allegations made by the Western press has AC Vol 36 No 14). Along with the usual denials, Minister Mustafa been proved yet’, Tarassyuk told Africa Confidential triumphantly. (known to Sudanese as ‘Mr. Smile’) issued a grandiose statement Besieged Iranian President Mohammed Khatami sent his Director pleading for the peaceful resolution of Africa’s wars. It curiously General for Africa, Hamid Moayyer, to ‘promote dialogue’ between omitted to mention one of the oldest and most deadly, Sudan’s own. the OAU and the Organisation of Islamic Conference (of which More concretely, the summit moved negotiations between Eritrea over 60 per cent of African states are members). and Ethiopia over the disputed Badme border territory a few metres It was an OAU of more plain speaking. ‘Africa is sick!’ declared forward after several false starts. Colonel Moammar el Gadaffi, new OAU Chairperson Bouteflika. President Mbeki urged that ‘we attending his first OAU summit since 1977, had failed to help when do not avoid the truth because we want to be polite to one another’. Eritrea’s President Issayas Afeworki failed to arrive in Tripoli for Obasanjo was blunter still: ‘We must not have any excuses, pre-OAU talks with Ethiopian Prime Minister Meles Zenawi. But diplomatic or expedient, for sitting down with those whose actions in Algiers, OAU officials insist they made progress by persuading have clearly shown that they do not deserve respectability.’ Even both sides to accept the OAU negotiating framework at the summit. arch-diplomat Kofi Annan called on African governments to cut It provides for both to return to the territory they held prior to the ‘weapons and ammunition purchases to 1.5 per cent of gross official start of the war on 6 May 1998. Acceptance of the national product and... impose zero growth on their defence budgets framework now means mediation will be led by a smaller group for the next ten years.’ headed by Bouteflika (more flexible than the grandiose heads of The big chill came from ECA chief Amoako, a Ghanaian. He state committee led last year by Burkina Faso’s Blaise Compaoré). said there was economic growth in only two of Africa’s five sub- Much will depend on how much time the diplomatically talented regions last year and that the economies contracted in the three sub- former Foreign Minister can put into these sensitive negotiations. regions where about 75 per cent of Africans lived. War and The framework agreement should make it harder for either side political instability were key reasons for this economic decline, he to return to battle. But that depends on each agreeing on what the said, adding that unless the OAU’s member governments moved to deal means.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Pdf Tribune Des Lecteurs Du 2020-03-07
    C M Pages 01-24 C M C M C M J N J N J N J N POUR LA PREMIÈRE FOIS DEPUIS 2017 COOPÉRATION LE BRENT SOUS LES 50 DOLLARS TEBBOUNE REÇOIT MÉTÉO Le baril londonien a terminé jeudi à son plus bas niveau en deux ans et LA MINISTRE demi, les investisseurs se demandant si la Russie allait accepter la proposition de l'Opep de réduire encore plus sa production pour enrayer la ESPAGNOLE DES AE REVOILÀ chute des cours liée au coronavirus. Le baril de Brent de la mer du Nord TRIBUNE TRIBUNE pour livraison en mai a perdu 2,2% ou 1,14 dollar à 49,99 dollars, un niveau Page 2 plus vu depuis juillet 2017. A New York, le baril américain de WTI pour Des Lecteurs Des Lecteurs LA PLUIE avril a lui perdu 1,9% ou 88 cents à 45,90 dollars. Réunis à Vienne, les 13 REVUE EL-DJEICH : membres de l'Organisation des pays exportateurs de pétrole (Opep) ont Quotidien national d’information Quotidien national d’information Page 24 proposé jeudi une coupe drastique de 1,5 million de barils par jour jusque fin " L'ALGÉRIE EST ÈME juin 2020 pour faire face à la forte baisse de la demande, affectée par 12 ANNÉE - N° 3350 - VEN 6 - SAM 7 MARS 2020 - PRIX 15 DA. ÈME l'épidémie de pneumonie virale. ENTRÉE DANS UNE 12 ANNÉE - N° 3350 - VEN 6 - SAM 7 MARS 2020 - PRIX 15 DA. www.tribunelecteurs.com ÈRE NOUVELLE " ATTENTAT-SUICIDE PRÈS DE L'AMBASSADE AMÉRICAINE À TUNIS Page 3 GLISSEMENT DE TERRAIN PROCÈS DE KARIM DANS UN CHANTIER À SIDI ABDALLAH TABBOU LE VERDICT SERA UN POLICIER DÉCÉDÉ RENDU LE 11 MARS DEUX MORTS Un policier, touché lors de l'attentat suicide survenu, vendredi, aux alentours de l'ambassade américaine à Tunis, Page 3 ET DEUX BLESSÉS a succombé à ses blessures, a indiqué une source du département tunisien de l'Intérieur.
    [Show full text]
  • People's Power
    #2 May 2011 Special Issue PersPectives Political analysis and commentary from the Middle East PeoPle’s Power the arab world in revolt Published by the Heinrich Böll stiftung 2011 This work is licensed under the conditions of a Creative Commons license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/. You can download an electronic version online. You are free to copy, distribute and transmit the work under the following conditions: Attribution - you must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or licensor (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work); Noncommercial - you may not use this work for commercial purposes; No Derivative Works - you may not alter, transform, or build upon this work. editor-in-chief: Layla Al-Zubaidi editors: Doreen Khoury, Anbara Abu-Ayyash, Joachim Paul Layout: Catherine Coetzer, c2designs, Cédric Hofstetter translators: Mona Abu-Rayyan, Joumana Seikaly, Word Gym Ltd. cover photograph: Gwenael Piaser Printed by: www.coloursps.com Additional editing, print edition: Sonya Knox Opinions expressed in articles are those of their authors, and not HBS. heinrich böll Foundation – Middle east The Heinrich Böll Foundation, associated with the German Green Party, is a legally autonomous and intellectually open political foundation. Our foremost task is civic education in Germany and abroad with the aim of promoting informed democratic opinion, socio-political commitment and mutual understanding. In addition, the Heinrich Böll Foundation supports artistic, cultural and scholarly projects, as well as cooperation in the development field. The political values of ecology, democracy, gender democracy, solidarity and non-violence are our chief points of reference.
    [Show full text]
  • Sources and Resources for a Culture of Peace in Africa; Pan-African Forum
    Proceedings of the Pan-African Forum © Paulino Damião Group picture - Participants of the Pan African Forum “Sources and resources for a culture of peace” 26-28 March 2013 • Sources and Resources for a Culture of Peace in Africa « Since wars begin in the mind of men, it is in the mind of men That the defences of peace must be constructed.” UNESCO Constitution “Any human life is a life. It is true that a life appears with the existence before another but a life is not older, More sizeable than another life, Just as a life is not better than another one.” Manden Charter Kourukan Fougan (13th Century) “Peace is reverence for life. Peace is the most precious possession of humanity. Peace is more than the end of armed conflicts. Peace is a mode of behavior.” Yamoussoukro Declaration (1989) • 26-28 March 2013/Luanda, Angola “I am because you are.” Ubuntu Proverb “In the forest, when the branches quarrel, the roots embrace.” African Proverb www.unesco.org/africa4peace Des_Actes_COVER_EN.indd 1-3 14/12/13 09:08 © Paulino Damião Opening ceremony – 26 March 2013 Mr Septime Martin, African Development Bank – Ms Bineta Diop, President of Femmes Africa Solidarité – Ms Irina Bokova, UNESCO Director- General – H.E. Mr Eduardo dos Santos, President of the Republic of Angola – Mr Erastus Mwencha, Vice President of the African Union – H.E. Mr Joaquim Chissano, Former President of the Republic of Mozambique – Mr Federico Mayor, UNESCO Former Director-General Malino ........................................ Tonga .......................................... Amharic M’tendere .................................. Chi Nyanja/Chichewa Alaáfía ....................................... Yoruba Murettele .................................... Emakhuwa Alher .......................................... Songhaï Mutenden ................................... Bemba Amahoro ...................................
    [Show full text]
  • Turmoil in the Middle East
    Turmoil in the Middle East Standard Note: SN/IA/5902 Last updated: 28 March 2011 Author: Ben Smith Section International Affairs and Defence Section This note looks at the instability in the Middle East and North Africa since the Tunisian and Egyptian uprisings. Source: worldmap.org This information is provided to Members of Parliament in support of their parliamentary duties and is not intended to address the specific circumstances of any particular individual. It should not be relied upon as being up to date; the law or policies may have changed since it was last updated; and it should not be relied upon as legal or professional advice or as a substitute for it. A suitably qualified professional should be consulted if specific advice or information is required. This information is provided subject to our general terms and conditions which are available online or may be provided on request in hard copy. Authors are available to discuss the content of this briefing with Members and their staff, but not with the general public. Contents 1 Tunisia and Egypt 3 2 Algeria 4 2.1 Background 4 2.2 Unrest in 2011 5 2.3 Algeria basic information 5 3 Bahrain 6 3.1 Increasing repression 7 3.2 Unrest in 2011 8 3.3 Saudi forces move in 9 3.4 Bahrain- Basic information 9 4 Iran 10 4.1 Unrest in 2011 10 4.2 Iran- basic information 11 5 Jordan 11 5.1 Unrest in 2011 11 5.2 Jordan- basic information 12 6 Libya 13 6.1 Unrest in 2011 14 6.2 International reaction 15 6.3 Refugees 17 6.4 Libya- basic information 17 7 Morocco 18 7.1 Morocco- basic information
    [Show full text]
  • 2008 Annual Meetings Official Records
    AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT FUND BOARDS OF GOVERNORS FORTY-THIRD ANNUAL THIRTY-FOURTH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE ADB MEETING OF THE ADF MAPUTO, MOZAMBIQUE MAPUTO, MOZAMBIQUE 14 AND 15 MAY 2008 14 AND 15 MAY 2008 OFFICIAL RECORD AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT FUND Board of Governors Board of Governors Forty-Third Annual Meeting Thirty-Fourth Annual Meeting MAPUTO, 14 and 15 May 2008 MAPUTO, 14 and 15 May 2008 OFFICIAL RECORD 1 The Forty-Third Annual Meeting of the Board of Governors of the African Development Bank (ADB) and the Thirty-Fourth Annual Meeting of the African Development Fund (ADF) were held jointly on 14 and 15 May 2008 at the Joaquim Chissano International Conference Center in Maputo, Mozambique, under the chairmanship of His Excellency Mr. Aiuba CUERENEIA, Chairperson of the Boards of Governors and Governor for Mozambique. The Annual Meetings were opened in the presence of Mr. Donald KABERUKA, President of the African Development Bank Group. 1.1 The 2008 Annual Meetings were attended by about 1,500 participants, comprising Governors, Alternate Governors, members of the Boards of Directors, Delegates, Staff and Observers. 1.2 The Meetings were preceded on Sunday, 11 May 2007, by a thematic seminar on “Aid Effectiveness” and the presentation of the 2007 African Development Report. Other key events organized within the framework of the Annual Meetings included the financial presentation, the seminar on rural financing and the Ministerial Round Table on “Fostering Shared Growth: Urbanization, Inequality and Poverty in Africa”. Related high-level seminars held included: (i) “Cities and Growth Poles: Implications for Rural Development”, (ii) “Financing Urban Development”, (iii) “Decentralization and Urban Governance”, and (iv) “Upgrading Informal Settlements in African Cities”.
    [Show full text]
  • No One Can Stop. the Rain ®DD[Illq~0@F3 ®CT Ffict[?OC5@'0 0Dl§J@Lf@Jlf 0®Dij 01Jlf OD®®0@ by George M
    $14~95 no one can stop. the rain ®DD[illQ~0@f3 ®CT ffiCT[?OC5@'0 0Dl§J@lf@Jlf 0®DiJ 01Jlf OD®®0@ by George M. Houser .< Focusing on Africa's struggle for independence from the 1950s to the 1980s, this hook takes a hard look at the nationalist m:werrents that led the struggle against colonial domination. George M. Houser, for twenty-six years the ex­ ecutive director of the Anerican Corrmittee on Africa, saw at close hand the beginnings of many of the rroverrents, knew their leaders, and followed major events in their struggle. He was present at all three of the All African Peoples' Conferences (Accra in 1958, Tunis in 1960, and Cairo in 1961). He attended the founding conference of the Organization of African Unity in Addis Ababa in 1963. He was in the bush with th'? rebels in Angola, with the forces for liberation in Guinea-Bissau, crossed the Sahara by land rover in the company of the desert guerrilla.S of the Polisario, was taken at gun point by Rhodesian goverrnnent troops during the final stages of the struggle for an independent Zimbabwe, att~ted to fly into Namibia .with a U.N. rather than a South African visa. The book is not, however, essentially an adventure story. It outlines the con­ text in which the struggle for independence took place and t.1-ie major events of the era, making maximum use of the author' s observations , experiences and conversations. Thus it helps lay a groundwork for understanding sorre of today's p~oplerns - in Africa.
    [Show full text]
  • Struggle for Survival
    M N G u o E T o OZA STRUGGLE FOR SURVIVAL Mozambique's History: In 1964, led by the Front for the libera­ Mozambique tion of Mozambique (FRELlMO), they Mozambique was a Portuguese colony launched an armed struggle to oust the for more than four hundred years. Portugal Portuguese. Ten years later, in 1974, Por­ was a poor country itself, unable and un­ tuguese army officers rebelled against their own government, ending decades of Natala willing to develop Mozambique's economic potential. The Portuguese profited from ex­ fascist rule within Portugal. In the following porting Mozambican labor to the South y~ar , Mozambique won independence, as African mines and exporting agricultural did the other Portuguese colonies of products such as cotton, tea, and cashew Angola and Guinea Bissau. nuts. Mozambican peasants were forced to Mozambique's new Frelimo government grow these crops under brutal conditions. established a nonaligned socialist model of They were forced to work on government development, which included a non-racial projects such as road and railway con­ policy of inclusion, provision of education (J struction under conditions considered to be and health services, and a plan to in­ among the worst in African colonial history. tegrate women equally into the new Mozambique is twice the size of Cali­ society. fornia and strategically located on the TRANSPORT LINKS TO PORTS OF BEIRA Indian Ocean, with a coastline equivalent NACALA AND MAPUTO - MAIN TARGETS ' to that of the United States from Boston to OF SOUTH AFRICAN SABOTAGE Miami. It has been generously endowed POPULATION 15 MILLION with mineral resources.
    [Show full text]
  • Final Report
    |Final Report Title of the project: Protection, improvement and dissemination of the Portuguese Decriminalization Model. Total amount granted: $100,900.98 (Total amount - $316,421.30) José Queiroz T.: +351 912 441 535 E.: [email protected] Agência Piaget para o Desenvolvimento Alameda Jean Piaget nº 100 Apartado 1523 4411-801 Arcozelo, Vila Nova de Gaia Portugal |INTRODUCTORY NOTE This final report integrates information from two main activities developed by APDES during the implementation of the project concerning the Protection, improvement and dissemination of the Portuguese Decriminalization Model: Activity 1: National scientific research and advocacy activities concerning the protection and improvement of the Portuguese Decriminalization Model; Activity 2: Organization of the 1st International Conference of Drug Policies in Portuguese- Speaking African Countries (PALOP), in Cape Verde. In order to promote a more accurate understanding of the project implementation each activity will be addressed separately. Nevertheless we would like to stress that much of the non explicit impacts came first from the intrinsic association between both activities. In this sense we recall that the main issue of the project was to strengthen Portugal Drug Policies and use its comprehensive framework and strong impacts in order to disseminate, reflect and promote the change of Portuguese-Speaking African Countries. We are certain that this work and the efforts made by APDES during this process, made important contributions for the acknowledgment of humanistic drug policies and for a more comprehensive view of the challenges (being them geographic, ideological, economic, cultural) underlying it´s implementation. | ACTIVITY 1: NATIONAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND ADVOCACY ACTIVITIES CONCERNING THE PROTECTION AND IMPROVEMENT OF THE PORTUGUESE DECRIMINALIZATION MODEL This report gives notice of the research project initially entitled “The austerity measures and the Portuguese model of drug policy”, developed under the protocol established between APDES and Open Society Foundations.
    [Show full text]
  • The Executive Survey General Information and Guidelines
    The Executive Survey General Information and Guidelines Dear Country Expert, In this section, we distinguish between the head of state (HOS) and the head of government (HOG). • The Head of State (HOS) is an individual or collective body that serves as the chief public representative of the country; his or her function could be purely ceremonial. • The Head of Government (HOG) is the chief officer(s) of the executive branch of government; the HOG may also be HOS, in which case the executive survey only pertains to the HOS. • The executive survey applies to the person who effectively holds these positions in practice. • The HOS/HOG pair will always include the effective ruler of the country, even if for a period this is the commander of foreign occupying forces. • The HOS and/or HOG must rule over a significant part of the country’s territory. • The HOS and/or HOG must be a resident of the country — governments in exile are not listed. • By implication, if you are considering a semi-sovereign territory, such as a colony or an annexed territory, the HOS and/or HOG will be a person located in the territory in question, not in the capital of the colonizing/annexing country. • Only HOSs and/or HOGs who stay in power for 100 consecutive days or more will be included in the surveys. • A country may go without a HOG but there will be no period listed with only a HOG and no HOS. • If a HOG also becomes HOS (interim or full), s/he is moved to the HOS list and removed from the HOG list for the duration of their tenure.
    [Show full text]
  • Governance in Africa: Consolidating the Institutional Foundations
    ST/ESA/PAD/SER.E/64 Department of Economic and Social Affairs Division for Public Economics and Public Administration Governance in Africa: Consolidating the Institutional Foundations United Nations • New York, 1999 Notes The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The designations “developed” and “developing” economies are intended for statistical convenience and do not necessarily imply a judgement about the stage reached by a particular country or area in the development process. The term “country” as used in the text of this publication also refers, as appropriate, to territories or areas. The term “dollar” normally refers to the United States dollar ($). The views expressed are those of the individual authors and do not imply any expression of opinion on the part of the United Nations. Enquiries concerning this publication may be directed to: Mr. Guido Bertucci Director Division for Public Economics and Public Administration Department of Economic and Social Affairs United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA Fax: (212) 963-9681 iii Please note that the publications on Public Administration and Development now appear under the symbol ST/ESA/PAD/SER.E/.... This is a continuation of the series of publications formerly issued under the symbol ST/TCD/SER.E/.... iv FOREWORD It is expected that efforts to consolidate governance called for an acceleration of the democratic institutions throughout Africa will be rewarded by process, for which the national institutional the fruits of social stability and economic well- framework can be, at best, well grounded, catalytic being.
    [Show full text]
  • New Middle Eastern Studies Publication Details, Including Guidelines for Submissions
    New Middle Eastern Studies Publication details, including guidelines for submissions: http://www.brismes.ac.uk/nmes/ Immunity to the Arab Spring? Fear, Fatigue and Fragmentation in Algeria Author(s): Edward McAllister To cite this article: McAllister, Edward, ―Immunity to the Arab Spring? Fear, Fatigue and Fragmentation in Algeria‖, New Middle Eastern Studies, 3 (2013), <http://www.brismes.ac.uk/nmes/archives/1048>. To link to this article: http://www.brismes.ac.uk/nmes/archives/1048 Online Publication Date: 7 January 2013 Disclaimer and Copyright The NMES editors and the British Society for Middle Eastern Studies make every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information contained in the e-journal. However, the editors and the British Society for Middle Eastern Studies make no representations or warranties whatsoever as to the accuracy, completeness or suitability for any purpose of the content and disclaim all such representations and warranties whether express or implied to the maximum extent permitted by law. Any views expressed in this publication are the views of the authors and not the views of the Editors or the British Society for Middle Eastern Studies. Copyright New Middle Eastern Studies, 2013. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored, transmitted or disseminated, in any form, or by any means, without prior written permission from New Middle Eastern Studies, to whom all requests to reproduce copyright material should be directed, in writing. Terms and conditions: This article may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, re-distribution, re-selling, loan or sub-licensing, systematic supply or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden.
    [Show full text]
  • REPORT of Thelieaster CONFERENCE" Lund, Sweden, April 1-3, 1972 by Eileen Hanson
    REPORT OF THElIEASTER CONFERENCE" Lund, Sweden, April 1-3, 1972 by Eileen Hanson The Easter Conference was the third annual meeting of Western European groups supporting the liberation movements in the Portuguese comonies of Africa - MPLA, FRELIMO, and PAIGC. For the first time this year, four North American groups were invited: Committee for a Free Mozambique and Africa Research Group (not attending; Liberation support Movement (represented by Don Barnett) and Chicago Committee for the Liberation of Angola, Mozambique and Guine (represented by Eileen Hanson). Twenty-seven western European groups were represented, out of 40 invited grouns. The liberation movements each sent two representatives: FRELU10 - Oscar Monteiro and Janet Mondlane; MPLA - Antonio Neto and ~1anuel Jorge; PAIGC - Onesimo Silveira and Fernando Cabral. The purpose was to learn about the progress in the liberation movements; to discuss mutual problems and exchange ideas, information, strategies, and experiences; and to improve communication and cooperation among support groups, and between the support groups and the liberation movements. General format: (highlights of discussion follow) 1. Discussion on Africa A. Reports of the liberation movements B. Portugal C. Neo-Colonialism in Africa D. South African Imperialism II. Discussion of Principles of Anti--imperialist work III. Practical cooperation: working groups A. Material Aid B. Propaganda and information C. Campaigns: - EEC/NATO - Coffee, Gulf, etc. D. Study and research E. Coordination and communicatipn I. DISCUSSION ON AFRICA A. Reports from the liberation movements 1. FRELH10: The struggle in Tete has been very successful, has extended over the whole province. Access roads to Cabora Bassa are cut off, sabotage on railway lines continues (11 trains blown up in 5 months between Beira and dam site).
    [Show full text]