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Alhamb ra Create Your Own Palaces! PRESTEL Munich · London · New York THE RED CASTLE The Alhambra is a massive fortress city containing a number of palaces, originally designed by Muslims and Christians. It is surrounded by a huge wall with many towers. These outer walls are reddish in colour SPAIN because burnt clay was used when they were built. This is probably where the name Alhambra comes from – it means red castle. ANDALUSIA Granada From the outside, the fortiﬁ cations look very huge and mighty, but the palaces within the walls are decorated with ﬁ ne ornaments and Granada lies in the south of Spain, in a region called Andalusia. The mighty mosaics. This was the style of the Muslims, fortress complex on Mount Sabika is who built the Alhambra in the 13th century. positioned majestically above the city. Let’s discover the secrets of this castle and become one of those builders ourselves. Here you can see a basic outline of the Alhambra with all the important places you are going to fi nd out about in this book and which you can design as you please. 1 2 4 3 5 1 The Alcazaba 2 The Court of the Myrtles 3 The Court of the Lions 4 The Palace of Charles V 5 The Generalife (The Architect’s Garden) STRONG WALLS The Alcazaba was meant to protect and defend the castle-city. This is why the walls and towers are especially powerful. How would you build a tough and defensive castle? MAGNIFICENT COURTYARDS The palaces were extremely well designed with beautiful courtyards. The largest amongst them is the Court of Myrtles. It is given this name because a hedgerow of myrtle trees borders a giant water pool. You could build a courtyard right here. Would you also like to have a swimming pool in there, too? THE COURT OF LIONS The water systems were very cleverly thought through for the time. With the help of grooves, founts and basins, the water from the surrounding mountains was then directed up high to the Alhambra. How would you design your own fountain? FINE ART The images of Islamic decorations and mosaics were very versatile. They often seem to display stars and groups of lines and inscriptions written in the Arabic language. What mosaics would you use to design your room?.

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Tales of the Alhambra
Tales of the Alhambra Architecture, poetry and meaning in fourteenth-century Granada THE ALHAMBRA Alhambra = Arabic al-ḥamrāʾ, “the red” 1st Comares Palace (Court of the Myrtles) Ismāʿīl I 2nd Comares Palace (Court of the Myrtles) Yūsuf I Garden Palace or Qaṣr al-Riyāḍ (“Court of the Lions”) Muḥammad V THE NAṢRID SULTANS (only those mentioned are shown) Ismāʿīl I (1314-1325) Muḥammad IV (1325-1333) Yūsuf I (1333-1354) Muḥammad V (1354-1359; 1362-1391) Ismāʿīl II (1359-1360) THE POETS OF THE DĪWĀN AL-INSHĀʾ (only those mentioned are shown) ʿAlī ibn al-Jayyāb (b.1274; d. of plague 1349) 1st career, 1295-1314: apprentice, secretary, head of department 2nd career, 1314-1349: secretary, head of department, vizier, double vizier, i.e. of both the pen (civil administration) and the sword (army). Ibn al-Khaṭīb (b.1313; d.1374, murdered in prison in Morocco) 1332-1371: apprentice, secretary, personal secretary to the sultan, head of department, vizier, double vizier; 1371-72, fled to Morocco. Ibn Zamrak (b.1330; d.1393, murdered with his sons) 1354-1393: apprentice, personal secretary to the sultan, head of department, vizier. THE POEMS The Arabic texts of these poems, with a Spanish translation and relevant bibliography, are to be found in García Gómez 1985. However, most of the emendations to the Arabic proposed by García Gómez have been ignored, in favour of the text of the inscriptions themselves. The free English translations (by Nadia Jamil and JJ) that follow have been made specially for this lecture; amongst several interweaving strands of meaning, they follow only those most important for the argument proposed.
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