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Canadian Committee for the History of the Second World War: First Canadian Committee for the History of the Second World War ⁄ Comité Canadien de l' Histoire de la Deuxième Guerre mondiale The first conference ⁄ La première conférence at ⁄ au Collège Militaire Royal de Saint-Jean 20 - 22 Oct 1977 Proceedings Compte rendu CANADIAN COMMITTEE FOR THE HISTORY OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR Proceedings of the First Conference Held at Collège militaire royal de Saint-Jean Saint-Jean, Quebec 20-22 October, 1977 These proceedings are being distributed with the permission of the authors of the various papers given at our first conference. because of the disparate nature of the subjects it was considered preferable not to seek a publisher for the proceedings, but rather to limit distribution to members of the Canadian Committee and certain other interested people, such as the president and secretary of the international committee. Consequently no attempt has been made to link the papers to an overall theme, and there has not been the rigorous editing that would have accompanied publication. It was a suggestion to hold a conference on the Dieppe landings in 1942 that prompted these meetings. When it was found that there was inadequate interest among historians in Canada for an exhaustive examination of the Dieppe question, or even of a reconsideration of Canadian military operations in the Second World War, we decided to build a conference around the most active research under way in Canada. This meant that there was no theme as such, unless it could be called "The Second World War: Research in Canada Today". Even that would have been inaccurate because there was no way of including all aspects of such research, which is in various stages of development in this country, in one relatively small and intimate conference. And a number of dis-tinguished Canadian scholars, particularly those working on European subjects, could not be included. The scholars who did present papers represent three general areas of study, and thus the conference was divided into three parts; Canadian domestic policy during the war (the first day), Foreign Affairs, mostly British and Canadian (the second day), and military affairs (the final morning). Domestic Policy These topics were not without spice. Readers, like the participants, may be excused for confusing the sessions on this subject with Old Home Week for the Liberal establishment in Canada. Quite apart from what might be called the gospel according to Pickersgill, heard during both these sessions, - 2 - when the Hon. J.W. Pickersgill acted as commentator or joined in discussion, Professors Bothwell and English have been known to exhibit certain Liberal tendencies themselves. Equally apparent in this and even more in other segments of the conference, is the sparse representation of historians from French Canada. In spite of the best efforts of historians associated with the work of the Canadian Committee, it has been difficult to locate historians working in the French language who are specialising in this field. This is an extraordinary and unhealthy situation, and until a better balance is achieved the historiography of the period will lack an essential dimension. Foreign Affairs These contributions are particularly gratifying: they reflect the vital work being done by the historical section of the Department of External Affairs under Mr. Bert Hart and, in particular, the senior historian, Dr. Donald Page; and they offer a small indication of the significant work being done in Canada on international and non Canadian topics. The papers by John Hilliker and Donald Page suggest that Canadian scholarship and Canadian sources can make a contribution to the overall re-interpretation of diplomacy during and after the Second World War. Professor Trevor Burridge, author of British Labour and Hitler's War (André Deutsch, London, 1976), examines the role of dissent and Professor Bayer considers the conflict between prestige and military force, in the formation of British foreign policy in the Second World War. Peter Hoffmann's paper was given as a luncheon address, and represents the essence of his research for his latest book, Die Sicherheit des Diktators (Piper & Co., Verlag, Munchen, 1975). It requires no further comment. Military Affairs The two papers on military subjects have no connection except that noted by Mr. Roy Ito, in his most illuminating comments, also included because of their intrinsic interest. Professor Patricia Roy's paper is part of a larger study which is not primarily military in nature. Professor Roy is not a military historian; her research however makes a useful contribution to our understanding of Canadian military policy and the social history of Canadian armed forces in the Second World War. Professor Taylor's contribution, according to his own description, is more a conversation than a formal paper. He has raised certain points of - 3 - interest and concludes with an impassioned plea for reconsideration of Canadian military history during the Second World War. Whatever the merits of Professor Taylor's argument, he is right to issue this challenge. Sufficient new evidence exists to warrant detailed examination of the part played by Canadian armed forces in the light of sources previously not available. The official historians are playing their part in the R.C.A.F. history now under preparation. It is clear also that naval operations in the period demand proper historical analysis, and that the release of British Admiralty intelligence files will result in re-assessment, for example, of all convoy operations. There is a limit to the resources of the Directorate of History, however; other scholars need to get involved in such important endeavours. The Banquet Address Mr. Louis Audette, who gave the banquet address, kindly allowed us to reproduce his notes. Readers may find them of interest; Mr. Audette made a memorable impact upon his audience. General The discussions and commentary that accompanied all these papers allowed useful cross-pollination of ideas between historians and political scientists, between Canadian and non-Canadian specialists; and between scholars who have matured in different academic climates or traditions. Although it was not an international conference it had some international flavour because of this combination. Perhaps as good a representative as anyone of the mood and identity of the particpants was Professor Trevor Burridge of the Université de Montréal, a Welshman who teaches British history to Canadians in French. The session on Adélard Godbout, it should be noted, prompted a lively debate from the floor, and although the majority of the audience was anglophone the discussion took place mostly in French, with easy transition between the two official languages. COMITE CANADIEN D'HISTOIRE DE LA DEUXIÈME GUERRE MONDIALE Conférence tenue au Collège militaire royal de Saint-Jean Saint-Jean (Québec) du 20 au 22 octobre 1977 Ce compte rendu est distribué avec la permission des auteurs qui ont présenté les diverses communications à notre première conférence. Nous avons préféré ne pas publier de compte rendu, en considération de la nature disparate des sujets traités, mais plutôt d'en restreindre la distribution aux membres du Comité canadien et à d'autres personnes intéressées telles le président et le secrétaire du Comité nternational. Nous n'avons pas, en conséquence, tenté de regrouper les communications sous un thème général, non plus que nous avons édité les textes avec la même rigueur que s'ils avaient été publiés. Cette rencontre a été convoquée à la suite d'une suggestion de tenir une conférence sur le débarquement à Dieppe en 1942. Mais après avoir décelé une insuffisance d'intérêt chez les historiens canadiens à vouloir étudier en profondeur la question de Dieppe, ou même à vouloir reconsidérer les opérations militaires canadiennes durant la Deuxième Guerre mondiale, nous avons décidé de faire porter la conférence sur des sujets de la recherche actuellement poursuivie au Canada. Cela revient à dire qu'il n'existe pas de thème comme tel sauf, peut-être, celui de "La Deuxième Guerre mondiale: recherche historique actuellement poursuivie au Canada". Même alors, ce titre serait trompeur puisqu'on n'aurait pas su regrouper tous les aspects d'une telle recherche, effectuée à divers niveaux et à la grandeur du pays, dans une seule conférence qui sè voulait relativement intime et de articipation re- streinte. Sans compter que plusieurs savants distingués du Canada, surtout ceux qui étudient la question européenne, ne pouvaient être présents. Comme les participants ont présenté des communications traitant de trois champs d'étude en général, nous avons réparti la conférence sous trois entêtes: 0 1 la politique interne du Canada durant la guerre (la 1ère journée), 0 2 affaires extérieures, surtout celles de la Grande-Bretagne et du e Canada (la 2 journée), et 0 3 affaires militaires (la dernière matinée). - 2 - La politique interne Les sujets discutés n'étaient pas sans saveur. On pardonnera volontiers aux lecteurs, comme aux participants, de se méprendre au sujet de ces sessions: il ne s'agissait pas d'un rassemblement à la bonne franquette de l'establishment libéral du Canada. En sus de ce que l'on pourrait appeler "l'évangile selon Pickersgill", répandue durant les deux sessions par l'honorable J.W. Pickersgill, soit à titre de commentateur, soit lorsqu'il participait à la discussion, les professeurs Bothwell et English ont parfois demontré eux-même certaines tendances libérales. Il êtait également apparent, tant durant les autres sessions que durant celles-ci, que les historiens canadiens-français étaient sous- représentés. En dépit des meilleurs efforts des membres du Comité canadien, on a eu de la difficulté à trouver des historiens francophones qui se spécialisent dans ce domaine. Ceci est une situation non seulement hors de l'ordinaire mais critique. Et l'historiographie de cette période va certainement réfléter l'absence d'une dimension essentielle à notre histoire jusqu'a ce que nous puissions parer à cette carence.
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