VOLUME 1 No.6 JUNE 2001

Race - the 'big issue'?

^^er the last few weeks race has Poles, far from thinking of converting Evolved into a major issue in the the Jews, sought to profit fi-om their General Election campaign. This misery. This was the case at Jedwabne ^e hard on the heels of a series on whose Polish inhabitants perpetrated *^oC radio which described race as the a massacre of the local Jews in July ^'ngle greatest cause of mayhem in 1941 and then took over their houses. "^Uman history. Not everybody C^i Greed was certainly a motivating '-oncurred - with some critics arguing factor, for all that the alibi of the Jews "3t the worst of the scourges that acting as KGB agents dining the ^^e habitually plagued mankind was r:^^preceding Sovie t occupation is always ^'igion rather than race. These critics trotted out. It is a moot point whether '^^erlook the fact that in many global this lethal Polish antisemitism was double spots racial and religious racial or religious in origin. Given the ^^isions overlap. For instance, while uniquely dominant role of the Church •^iiiay look to the outside world that in in Polish life, the attitude of Cardinal '•"eland Catholic and Protestant Hlond, instigator of the anti-Jewish '•'Others are pitted against one boycott in the 1930s, must have been Mother, in fact the Catholics are all of crucial. (Even Father Maximilian Maximilian Kolbe eltic origin whereas most Kolbe, a canonised martyr of the Nazi ''otestants are descended from Scots Gobineau and Hitler. Although the occupation, expounded antisemitism ^^ Englishmen (hence the place Catholic Poles clearly saw themselves before the war.) /^•^e Londonderry) 'planted' there by as a homogeneous entity, the race- As we turn our gaze from the realm ^'izabethandjamesl. obsessed Nazi occupiers set out to of drama and beastliness that is "Similar racial-religious overlaps plunder their gene pool through the Eastern Europe to 'election-gripped' '-^Urred in Eastern Europe, most Eindeutschung ('germanisation') of Britain, we have difficulty in deciding •Notably in Poland. When Poland the more Nordic-looking ones among whether the centmy-long decline in '^^red partition and loss of them. A Pole accepted for religion is to be welcomed or ^tehood at the hands of Russia, germanisation could thus escape the regretted. Whatever one's view of '^'issia and Austria in the 18th near-subhuman status the Nazis that, there can be no doubt that race is •^tury, the battle lines were dravm assigned to Slavs at the cost of now a live issue. This is a potentially '•^h surgical precision. On one side shedding his national and cultural threatening development, but maybe ^^ood the Catholic Poles - and on the identity. Something not dissimilar had we can draw comfort from the fact that their mortal enemies, the happened to the 18th century class consciousness - always a key ^hodox Russians and the Lutheran Frankists - Polish Jewish followers of factor in British life - sometimes •"^ssians. (Being fellow-Catholics, the false Messiah Jakob Frank - who counteracts race consciousness. '^ Austrians were less resented, had de-judaised themselves by Akeady a himdred years ago the th, ^^Sh they allowed Galicia to following him into the Catholic fold. intake into Harrow Public School was '^ate). Of course, in those days Of course, no such way out not uniformly white-skinned. One e' Was not the dominant concept it presented itself to Polish Jewry in the Harrovian possessor of a brown skin ^"S to become in the late 19th and 1940s. The German race fanatics were was the Brahmin - i.e. top-caste - 'y 20th centuries thanks to bent on their destruction and many Indian, Jawaharlal Nehru. Dangerous truth Reaching out to refugees from Nazi persecution When the Hungarian PaHiament staged Ronald Channing its first Holocaust memorial ceremony in AJR's services - advice and guidance, late April, twelve extreme rightwing The AJR is reaching out to Jewish victims deputies stayed away. Their leader, of Nazi persecution who may still not social welfare, meals-on-wheels, Istvan Czurka, told Hungarian radio that have benefited fi-om support services or sheltered accommodation, regional he felt 'Victims of Communism and the funds to which they might be entitied. groups, publications - and invites Holocaust are the same." This is, of In its 60th aimiversary year, the AJR is enquiries and applications fot course, arrant nonsense - victims of the inviting its members, as well as members membership. Even at this comparatively Shoah outnumber casualties of the of the wider Jewish community, to help late stage it is believed that many former Budapest Uprising by a hundred to one. identify and make contact with all refugees and would In addition, it harps subliminally on the unaffiliated Jewish refugees from Nazi welcome an opportunity to reconnect Zhidekommunism myth, which casts the persecution and survivors of the Jews as germ carriers of Communism. with their Jewish roots. Together with Holocaust living in Britain, some of (Though the Jewish 'Prime Ministers' other former victims of Nazism withm whom may be in urgent need of guidance Bela Kun [1919] and Matyas Rakosi the community, they may still he [1948-54] were both Communists, their or help. unaware of the range of services co-religionists tended to be middle-class Synagogues, community centres and available to them as AJR members, or ot and religiously observant.) conmiunal organisations in all parts of the guidance on pensions, reparations, To blunt the impact of the Far Right's the country have been sent copies of a compensation or other payments ^^ specially-produced brochure entitled boycott, the Speaker of the House, Janos which they may be entitied. Ader, asserted that the fate which befell 'Friends for life', ready-packaged in an Hungarian Jewry in 1944 did not reflect attractive clear plastic dispenser. If you know of anyone entitled to be <^ the will of most Hungarians. This Synagogue secretaries and organisation member of the AJR and believe that they ^re. assertion was challenged by Matyas directors have been asked to place the might wish to join, please obtain a copy "' Eorsi, a Jewish opposition deputy. The brochures on prominent display in the new membership application brochuf sad truth is that Eorsi was right. In the places where their members and visitors for them from: AJR Membership Secretai^' 19th century the gentry who ruled usually congregate. 1 Hampstead Gate, lA Frognal, Lon'^" Hungary encouraged Jewish NW36AL. entrepreneurial talent for the sake of the The 'Friends for Life' brochure details country's economic growth, and the community flourished. The situation Regular visits are planned by her to 1 •* changed drastically when the lost 1914- Liaison officer with OSHA Bishop's Avenue Homes on Mondays a" 18 War and a Communist interlude led Ruth Finestone has been appointed by the Otto Schiff House and Eleanor Ratiibo"^ to Admiral Horthy's semi-dictatorship AJR to offer extra comfort and support to House on Tuesdays. To make certain and the Depression. The Horthy members of the AIR living either in OSHA's meeting her it is best to make *" government enacted the numerus residential homes in TTie Bishop's Avenue, appointment with the Head of Home. clausus, and other discriminatory in their sheltered accommodation at Otto measures against the Jews, which met Schiff House in Hampstead, or in Eleanor with popular approval. Nor does the LBI archive branches out Rathbone House in Highgate. fervent commitment the gendarmerie Documents collected by the New York c^ Ruth will liase with OSHA social workers brought to the roundup of Jews in 1944, Baeck Institute over more than forty y^^ and the army's sadistic treatment of and the Heads of Homes to sort out any will soon be accessible in Europe. Tha" Jewish conscripts in labour battalions queries and problems and, in addition to to an agreement between the LBI and tn bear out Speaker Ader's statement. visiting AJR members already in residence, new Berlin Jewish Museum, a branch °^ , On the other hand, it may be will befiiend members awaiting confirmed LBI will operate fi-om the Museum, head politically more expedient to argue admission, either to the homes or to by an archivist. Both institutions will ai along the lines of the Speaker. After all, if sheltered accommodation. She will also co-operate in the collection ^ the Hungarian people were really keep the AJR fully informed of their preservation of photographs, persoP genocide-minded, then the murderous progress. papers and artefacts, above all fr" Arrow Cross thugs were in tune with the The daughter of German and Austrian European sources. The arrangem^ % majority - which is one of the definitions refugee parents, Ruth has served the AJR brings together two institutions whose ta of democracy. for more than 20 years, her first job being is to document and transmit to tutu admissions officer for the refugee homes in generations German-Jewish history ^ AJR Journal Personnel The Bishop's Avenue, and later as an AJR culture. The LBI catalogues and collectJ Richard Grunberger EdItor-in-Chief rlV in Berlin will be predominan Ronald Channing Executive Editor social worker. She is married and is very Marion Koebner Staff Reporter proud of her three children and seven microfilmed copies which can be acces AJR Journal, 1 Hampstead Gate, la Frognal, grandchildren! by researchers. ^ London NW3 6AL Tel: 020 7431 6161 Fax: 020 7431 8454 e-mail: [email protected] White - (and Black-) washing Richard Grunberger NEWTONS "hen dictatorships are set up artists public. (In consequence Harwood took a Leading Hampstead Solicitors ^e flight Toscanini fled Mussolini's more lenient view of Furtwangler than 22 Fitzjohn's Avenue, jl^ly, Rachmaninov and Chagall Soviet the better informed Thomas Mann, for London NW3 SNB *^"ssia, and TTiomas Mann, Hindemith instance.) • All English legal work ^^ Beckmann Nazi . To offset Another Nazi era celebrity to benefit undertaken and German, ^'s palpable loss of their cultural posthumously from exculpation by Swiss & Austrian claims Substance, authoritarian regimes a British playwright was Werner "^casionaUy seduce selected exiles into Heisenberg (of 'Uncertainty Principle' • German spoken ^turning. Stalin induced Sergei fame) whom Hitler had put in charge of • Home visits arranged •rokofiev to resettie in Russia in the mid- the Nazi nuclear bomb project. 'hirties. A little earlier a Goebbels Theatregoers watching Michael Frayn's Tel: 020 7435 5351 ^'nissary had tried to lure Erich Maria play Copenhagen may be forgiven for Fax: 020 7435 8881 J^^niarque back to Germany from thinking that the Nobel laureate had California. When the autiior oiAll Quiet deliberately retarded the German atomic "" the Western Front rejected this ^erture the emissary predicted that programme. The dispiriting truth is, <^niesickness would plague him for the however, that Hitler's Nazi A-bomb had ^^t of his days - to which Remarque remained on the drawing board for no PARTNER other reason than that a major error had fetorted "What do you think 1 am, a in long established English ^^rmanjew?" crept into Heisenberg's mathematical calculations. Solicitors (bi-lingual German) Goebbels had more success with the would be happy to assist clients French culture heroes have been Jjlm Director WG Pabst - of with English, German and subjected to a different process of J^Woschenoper fame - who returned to Austrian problems. r^iTnany from French exile in 1939. obfuscation. The influential Picasso "^n, barely a year later, France lobby has long endeavoured to distract Contact Henry Ebner ^'lapsed, its cultural elite faced the same attention from the painter's less-than- Myers Ebner & Deaner nallenge as their German colleagues honourable conduct under the 103 Shepherds Bush Road "^d done in 1933. Sad to relate, tiiey did Occupation. There is the apocryphal London W6 7LP lot acquit themselves any better, story about Wehrmacht officers visiting Telephone 020 7602 4631 Collaboratiioi n with the occupier was his Paris studio, catching sight of ALL LEGAL WORK ^despread - alike in the spheres of high Guernica and asking 'Did you do that?' UNDERTAKEN pd popular culture. The situation in the and Picasso returning the courageous . ^r was characterised by an incident answer 'No, vou did!' \'olving the singer-songwriter Charles In reality he failed to intercede on j^^^net (who happened to look rather like behalf of his Jewish friend, the poet- ^0 Marx). When a newspaper carried painter Max Jacob who was at Drancy en felse report of Trenet's death, the route to Auschwitz. Given the Nazis' AUSTRIAN and GERMAN /'^ger sent out thousands of cards stake in projecting occupied Paris as the PENSIONS faring the legend 'I am not dead - and European city of culture, such ^'fter am I a Jew'. The writer Colette, intercession would not have had drastic PROPERTY ^ ^^red as a national symbol already in consequences for its first citizen. A h,^ lifetime, churned out pernicious RESTITUTION CLAIMS member of the Picasso lobby must also ^ainist literatiu-e. She subsequentiy EAST GERMANY-BERLIN have alleged that the blameless Herui /Tilled she had cultivated close contacts Matisse was a collaborator - a On instructions our office will ^ Vichy and its German puppet- canard presumably intended to divert assist to deal with your (v, . "^^ to protect her Jewish husband attention from Picasso's wartime record. applications and pursue the matter ^ch she, indeed, managed to do). (Readers of the quality press may ne view posterity takes of leading with the authorities. remember that John Mortimer had . ''tonalities of the Nazi era, particularly originally repeated the canard, but For further information Germany and France, is in a process of speedily published a full retraction.) and appointment ^stant revision and manipulation. A please contact: J, ^^ example was Taking Sides, Ronald Last but not least, in 1945 Picasso jj^'^Wood's play about Wilhelm joined the French Communist Party still ICS CLAIMS •"twangler. In it the playwright, frailing clouds of resistance glory, and a 146-154 Kilburn High Road ^ ^ous not to appear judgmental at any littie later he painted the Dove of Peace, London NW6 4JD ^> depicted the conductor as an emblem of the worldwide peace •ifical artist insulated from events, movement. Under the circumstances, Tel: 020 7328 7251 (Ext. 107) « Only intent on presenting music of how can Matisse's real record compete Fax: 020 7624 5002 highest standard to the Gennan with Picasso's fake one? V][]EW]PO)][NT Posthumous discovery onver pretzei by Ronald Channing My father, Sebastian Haffner, might cupboard of his desk. He suggested I Chronicling a not have been pleased to see his book should go through them after his Geschichte eines Deutschen published. death, but forbade me to read any 60-year refugee history He died in 1999 at the age of 91, a during his lifetime. When he died, 1 Symposium: celebrated German author and started looking through them, mainly 'AJR Information historical journalist, with a reputation searching for an early novel he had as a Source for Research' for books containing highly original, praised. There, I stumbled across the Thursday 7 June, 2pm coolly and lucidly argued insights into manuscript of Geschichte eine^ The Institute of Germanic Studies, German twentieth-century history. Deutschen. It came as a complete 29 Russell Square, London WCl This book, the first he ever wrote, surprise. My father had never In recognition of six decades of started in exile in England in 1938 and mentioned it to me. I was immediately continuous monthly publication of AJR abandoned a year or so later, may be fascinated and read it in a single sitting- Information, the Universities of London original and lucid, but it is not cool. It is but was unsure whether n^y and Sussex, in cooperation with the AJR, the passionate outburst of a young man enthusiasm was due to personal are conducting a half-day symposium. whose career has been cut off and involvement. I gave it to read to a Celebrating a remarkable publishing whose life has been turned inside out journalist friend whose enthusiast achievement, the participants will focus by his own coimtrjmien, foUovidng a decided me to try to publish it. on the historical importance of the leader and an ideology he views only I am ciurently engaged in translating journal as a source for the study of the with contempt and disgust. In his cool experiences of Jewish refugees who fled the book into English. No doubt my old age, my father tended to be slightly to Britain from . father would have modified the text ashamed of the early works he had Contributors include Sir Claus Moser had he been alive to see it published- published in England. What would he (recently elevated to the House of Lords), He would certainly have lowered the have thought of this one, unfinished, Prof RiJdiger Gorner (Director of the temperature. He might have addeo raw, and revealing so much of his University of London's Institute of chapters covering events between Germanic Studies), Prof Edward Timms inner self? 1933 and 1938. How I regret that he (University of Sussex Centre for German- Jewish Studies), Prof John Grenville The book vividly describes my never got round to writing those- (University of Birmingham), Dr Anthony father's life and the political events in However, I do not think he would have Grenville (AJR historian), and Richard Germany from 1914, when he was changed his analysis of the events the Grunberger (Editor, AJR Information). seven years old, until 1933. Reading it, book describes. Sixty years ago this month, Britain's one has the feeling of a headlong rush Geschichte eines Deutschen "^ immigrant community of victims of Nazi into the abyss - and the speed of the Sebastian Haffner is reviewed ^^ persecution founded the Association of writing matches the speed of the page 9. Jewish Refugees. Their wartime events. It was doubtless intended to newsletter, whose size and content were continue up to his emigration to restricted by paper shortages, was GERMAN and succeeded by AJR Information, the first England in 1938, but the advent of the issue of which appeared in January 1946. war caused him to stop work on it and ENGLISH BOOK$ It set out its principle objectives as start on another more turgent work keeping its readers "informed about the that became Germany, Jekyll and Hyde, BOUGHT position of Jewries on the the start of a major career in English Antiquarian, secondhand and Continent...and the work of their relief journalism. modern books of quality and rehabilitation; to bring into contact always wanted. the members of the AJR with the In 1954 my father returned to We're long-standing advertisers immigrants overseas" and to "report on Germany where he embarked on a here and leading buyers of the activities of the Association, both of second even more successful career, its Head Office in London, and of the which reached its peak with his much- books from AJR members. various branches and groups in the praised Anmerkungen zu Hitler. He We pay good prices and provinces." These principles are sustained continued to write throughout his come to collect. to this day. seventies, but after 1990, his 83rd All are welcome to attend. To reserve V year, he became progressively weaker For Immediate response, a place and attend the subsequent AJR and eventually stopped writing please contact: reception at Senate House, please altogether. Robert Hornung MA(Oxon) telephone the Institute of Germanic 2 Mount View, Ealing, Studies on 020 7862 8965/6. (Cheques He was not much given to personal London W5 IPR for £15 are payable to the University of reminiscence, but he did refer to the Email: [email protected] . London IGS). early manuscripts he kept in a side- Tel: 020 8998 0546 (Spm to 9pm is bes*' s Anglo-Jewry and the Refugees from the Continent Dr Anthony Grenville

"6 German and Austrian refugees who word. The assimilated Jews reacted with ^ved in Britain between 1933 and 1940 outright distaste and dismay to the ^e overwhelmingly from the urban arrival of the Ostjuden, who, they feared, ^'itres of German-speaking Jewry. woidd provoke antisemitism among the "Sir social culture - metropolitan and gentile population and would hamper the ^fined - was very different from that of process of assimilation. The potential for ^glo-Jewry, the largest section of whom mistrust and even hostility between the ^•"e descended from the Eastern two groups was increased even more by '^opean Jews who had emigrated from the patronising way in which the *^ shtetls of Russia at the turn of the wealthier urbanised Jews dispensed Or Anthony Grenville ^ntury. The Continental Jews were charity to their indigent Eastern cousins. religious observance and the Jewish '^'^^doniinantly assimilated and When it came to emigrating to Britain, practices and customs associated with it. ^*^^arised, having determinedly put the middle-class Jews from the Their advance into the professional ^hind them the customs, way of life and cities had all the advantages, whereas the classes also took place in a different way, PP^arance of the ghettos; they were poor, Orthodox, unassimilated Jews who with evident commercial success, but ^gely drawn from the highly-educated inhabited areas like Vienna's with less prominence in the realm of high ^ cultured middle classes, upwardly Leopoldstadt or Berlin's culture and education. By and large the °Dile both professionally and socially. Scheunenviertel were not so fortunate. British Jews had retained more from their Had these unassimilated Jews escaped in Eastern European origins than had the As:^'ftiilatio n on the Continent significant numbers to Britain, they Jews who fled to Britain in the 1930s from Th^ middle-class Jews of the German- would very likely have developed closer Central Europe; this provided the Peaking cities had embraced relations with their cousins from Eastern conditions for the antipathy between the Simiiation with enthusiasm. Inevitably, Eiurope, already settled in areas like the 'Eastern' and 'Western' Jews to be '^ meant that they moved away from East End, than did the assimilated Jews recreated in Britain. '''tional forms of religious observance from prosperous, German-speaking One clear sign of the different self- ^ from the associated values and backgrounds. A pointer here is language: image and social aspirations of the two ^toms. Once religion had ceased to be Yiddish was commonly spoken in groups was provided at a very early stage 'ne heart of their daily life, these Jews districts like the Leopoldstadt, as it was by the initial areas of settlement, which Poused the secular values of German- in the East End or Stoke Newington, formed the subject of a perceptive article ^^aking culture, the veneration for whereas those middle-class Jews who in AJR Information as early as July 1948: ''dung\ for the liberal, humanistic had acculturated to German-language "In Germany, the Jew was assimilated and - ^es of Kant and Lessing, (ioethe and educated society mostly shunned S, belonged to the middle class. In the "'ller and Beethoven. Of course, this Yiddish. dirt London East End the Jew belonged to a I fiot apply to all German-speaking Jiddish speaking proletarian stratiun, Commonality with British Jews ^> but to enough of them to set them though at a later stage either he or his The largest section of Anglo-Jewry in the I ^ly apart from the Ostjuden, the children managed to improve their 1930s consisted precisely of those who gely j-uial Jews of Eastern Europe (or position. Many misunderstandings had come over from Eastern Europe 1^ ^e of them who did not come from the between the refugees fromGerman y and between 1881 and 1914 to escape the ^^r towns and cities), who remained other sections of the Anglo-Jewish ^ to the familiar values of the shtetl, Tsarist , and of their bi community may be explained by this ^ ^d on religious observance, a descendants. They had not undergone different background. The dispossessed J. ^'tional way of life, and a culture far the process of acculturation in the refugee did not start at the lowest rimg of ^•^Ved from the modem high culture of German-speaking cities. They had % the ladder in Whitechapel but, penniless o *Vestem cities. When they came to arrived from the East, poor, observant as he was, took his furnished room in J , cities, they were seen by the and still largely unaccustomed to the Hampstead or other North-Western a "'lilated Jews as strange, exotic world of the modern West, and had parts of town." h^^Hacks to a world that they, the settled in working-class areas like the V '^m Jews, had long put behind them East End. Though by 1933 they had This was the background against which f °f which they were not keen to be assimilated to a degree into British a clash of cultures between the two f^'^'nded. In return, the Ostjuden society, the process differed considerably groups was to be played out. (To be ^. ^ded the assimilated Jews as having from that of their German-speaking continued) 1Q ''oned the ancestral faith and as no cousins, not least in the preservation of a This is an edited extract of a lecture given at sense of communal identity founded on ^^•' Jewfish in the full sense of the The Wiener Library. to comprehend her magnanimous deed. I recall snobbish refugee acquaintances The Editor reserves the right making derogatory comments about this to shorten correspondence good woman. But she coped with three I TO THE 1 submitted for publication unknown children showing them ^ EDITOR 1 kindness and compassion and saving them from the brutalities that awaited the others. I admit that in similar circumstances I think I would have VIVE LA DIFFERENCE being only for those "with expense hesitated to take one or more children Sir - There would appear to be a simple accounts or the super rich"? I am into my home on a permanent basis. answer to the question raised by Richard prepared to bet there will be a few AJR Mrs L Selo Grunberger concerning the different members among the many drivers London NWl ^ pattern of behaviour between refugees causing traffic jams. of German and Austrian origin. It was HE Reiner Sir - Congratulations to Jonathan Harris claimed that Austria was the first victim London NW7 and Deborah Oppenheimer for their of Hitler's Germany, rather than its presentation of the stories in Into the enthusiastic partner As a result, it was ELEANOR RATHBONE Arms of Strangers and on the Academy quite acceptable to publicise one's Sir - Susan Cohen (April 2001) should Award. I was one of the fortunate Kinder Austrian background whilst one was note that not all 'enemy aliens' were who left Speyer in January 1939 and go* keen to hide one's German background. interned in 1940. My mother and I were to Dovercourt via Hook of Holland and There was, therefore, no enthusiasm for not, nor were many others. Harwich. I was 11 when I last saw mV forming German organisations. This Mrs E Trent mother who was allowed to accompany attitude also applied after the war - London N6 us as far as the Dutch border I was at hardly surprising considering the truth school in Bunce Court in Kent and wa^ had not reached the British public until a INDUSTRY evacuated to Shropshire in May 1940-1'' short time ago. Sir - Edwin Black's latest book on the 1942 I worked for 6 months for Lord Edward Levy involvement of IBM in the Holocaust London SWl shocks. Suffering is suffering but when Rothschild at Waddesdon Manor Werei* industry and commerce take over, it is a not for the humanitarian kindness o ISRAEL ATTHE CROSSROADS disaster the British, I would not be alive and Sir - In response to Martha Blend's report Ruth Leggett, writing to you. (April 2001), any lawyer knows that a London SWl 6 Henry D Maye^ dispute is capable of resolution by Longwood, Florida, t/" negotiation only if there is prior LAWN ORDER agreement as to the undedying legal Sir - There should be a national drive to KULTURPAPST basis, in this case the system of law eliminate the drug pushers and dealers Sir - Over the last few months the Journa applicable. That absent, neither the (April 2001). They should be heavily has become rather strident. The Editor i original claim to the Land of Israel nor punished as quasi murderers and their ill- adopting a bitter tone towards life ' individual confiscation of an area of it can gotten gains confiscated. Pity we can't Germany and Austria. He has not given be expected to be acceptable to the Arab exile them to Devils' Island as of old I fair account of Reich-Ranicki. He woul people. EA Kaufman be happy if he earned a quarter of Re''^'^ If the creation of modern Israel had Harrow, Middlesex Ranicki's income. It is no good i^ depended not on a UN vote but on the Grunberger ranting all the time because i decision of an international court of law, PROVIDING A HOME will not get us anywhere. is it not likely that it would have been Sir -1 would certainly have given a home El Freyhsi^ qualified by a rider: "Yes, but you must, to an 'unknown' child (April 2001) London N^^ after two thousand years, take it as you provided be/she had a grammar school find it."? education, was 'brain/ and had a special Sir - I found the article on Marcel He\c^' Alan S Kaye talent for classical music, art or serious Ranicki (April 2001) of great interest and Chalfont St Giles, Bucks acting and came from a 'good' family was only sorry it did not contain mof where parents cared about their detail about bis activities as 'Kulturpaps*' TOO MUCH COMPLAINING progress. It is a great pity that such It may be of interest to your readers Sir - To run down Britain as Ronald children were allowed to rot in hostels know that his son is a well-knoW^ Channing does in two articles (April and face a lifetime of domestic service. I 2001) is unfair and will achieve nothing. I was one of them. No full-time study or mathematician in this country. Professo remember, working as a young person in government grants for us. Andrew Ranicki, at Edinburgh University- the West End, that the underground Mrs A Saville whose research is in topology, is a Fell" carriages in rush hour were jam packed; London NW4 of the Royal Society of Edinburgh an on the command 'mind the doors' station recipient of the 1983 Whitehead Pn^^ staff gave a mighty heave similar to the Sir - In 1939, a Gentile woman took me and 1994 Senior Berwick Prize. current practice in Japan. And do I detect and my two sisters into her humble ProtPMCohil a bint of envy when he speaks of cars home. At the time, we were too stunned London t^^ Central Office For Arts and Events Diary June

Holocaust Claims 10-14 Summer Institute: "Four Things". Guest scholar Danny Siegel, highly Michael Newman acclaimed author, poet and educator Sternberg Centre 020 8349 5622. Mon 11 Ebbe Koger: How the revolution came to the countryside: Social and Claimants in the Holocaust Victim Assets political change in South Germany 1968-78. Club 43. 7.45 pm. ^^igation will be sent court notices ^'Jtlining how the $1.25 billion Swiss Wed 13 Raoul Wallenberg - panel discussion. LICC. Spm. ^3nk Settlement is to be allocated. Sun 17 The Trial of Richard Wagner: mock trial with authorities on Wagner for the ^he plan of distribution describes six prosecution and defence. LICC 7pm. Tickets £15 to include refreshments. 0207 431 •Classes of victim, for which there are 0345 for ticket availability. ^^Parate claim procedures: Mon 18 Dr Zhores Medvedev: Boris Yeltsin: from senior Bolshevik to'Czar*. Club 43. 7.45 pm. ) Deposited assets - applications for a dormant Swiss bank account. 19-21 The Shtetl - international conference. Institute of Archaeology, London WCl. ') Slave Labour I - applies to anyone used Admission free. Institute of Jewish Studies. as slave labour anywhere for an entity Wed 20 Remembering Jan Karski. Panel discussion. LJCC. 8pm. Under Nazi occupation. 24 - 26 Conference on Judeo-Spanish Studies. Keynote speaker: Yitzhak Navon. ' tooted Assets Group - claimants in this Enrolment details from Institute of Jewish Studies. dass will not receive compensation. Mon 25 Deutsche Lyrik in London (in German). Readers include Juergen Diethe, 'nstead, organisations working with Dorothea McEwan and Ingrid Stoll. Club 43. 7.45 pm. victims will be allocated monies for Until 24 The Disputation by Hyam Maccobi. New End Theatre, Tues-Sats 7.30 pm, their own dispersal. Suns 3.30 pm. £16/£14 (cones). 020 7794 0022. ' Refugee claims - victims denied entry into, or detained and abused in, Until 27 Aug Legacies of Silence: The Visual Arts & the Holocaust. The Svvitzerland will be eligible under the contribution of artist-witnesses and survivors to post-war culture and the arts. Swiss Refugee Programme. Imperial War Museum. ' Swiss Insurance Claims - for victims Mon 2 Jul Club 43 AGM. 7.45 pm. vvho held insurance policies with Swiss 1 - 4 July Festival of Klezmer Music and Yiddish Culture. Jewish Music Institute, Insurance companies. SOAS. 020 7898 4308. ' Slave Labour II - specific to those Until December Exhibition of Jewish cartoonists. Jewish Museum, Finchley. victims used as labourers for a Swiss- •"Un company. Organisation Contacts °st eligible claimants in classes 1) and Club "43, Belsize Square Synagogue. Hans Seelig. Tel: 01442 254360 ' vvill automatically receive the relevant Imperial War Museum, Lambeth Rd., London SEI 6HZ. 020 7416 5320 PPlication forms. A list of the names of Institute of Jewish Studies, UCL, Gower Street, London WCl E 6BT. ^count owners with assets in Swiss Tel 020 7679 3520. Email: [email protected] ^nks is available on the Internet at London Jewish Cultural Centre (UCC), The Old House, c/o Kings College, ^'^'^.crt-ii.org Kidderpore Ave., London NW3 7SZ. 020 7431 0345. Ho locaust victims used as slave Sternberg Centre for Judaism/Jewish Museum, Finchley. 80 East End Road, lab,ourer s (class 2) and who are eligible London N3 2SY Tel: 020 8346 2288/ 8349 1143. for compensation from the German ^Undation: Remembrance, ^^Ponsibility and the Future will The AJR extends its warmest ^Somatically be entitled to an additional congratulations to Sir Claus Moser JACKMAN • ^'^ard from the Swiss Bank Settlement. It on his appointment to the >^il| not be necessary to complete an extra House of Lords. SILVERMAN 'oriTi. COMMERCIAL PROPERTY CONSULTANTS Heirs of victims who died on or after 16 ^bruary 1999 may be entitled to claim ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING of the !"^der classes 2) (Slave Labour I) and 4) ASSOCIATION OF JEWISH REFUGEES will be held on SUNDAY 17 June 2001 ^iss Refugee Programme). 26 Conduit Street, London WIR 9TA 3 pm at 15 Cleve Road, London NW6 Additional forms and information are Telephone: 020 7409 0771 Fax: 020 7493 8017 .Mailable from the Central Office for Agenda:- "^locaust Claims. Annual Report 2000 t Hon. Treasurer's Report Annely Juda Fine Art %i^^therhel p Discussion '^'tten enquiries should be sent to Election of committee of Management 23 Dering Street c^^tra, l Office for Holocaust Claims (UK), Guest speaker: Lord Dubs (off New Bond Street) 1^Hampstead Gate, la Frognal, London /^3 6AL. For assistance with the All questions for the Chair should be Tel: 020 7629 7578 submitted by 28 tVlay to the head of , '^pietion of application forms please Fax: 020 7491 2139 Administration at: 7 Hampstead Gate, %hone 020 7431 6161 for an la Frognal, London NW3 6AL CONTEMPORARY PAINTING ntment. AND SCULPTURE RG'S INTeRFACG

Meiningen in Thuringia, once famous &. REVIEWS for its theatre-loving duke, has a theatre that doubles as an opera house. Undeterred by the proximity of Art Notes Bayreuth, it is staging Wagner's Ring- Gloria Tessler This summer the designer, the Austrian sculptor Alfred Hrdlicka has The first tragic thing you notice about given the dragon in Siegfried the the works of Holocaust artists is the features of Hitler brief lifespan that appears under them; few lived beyond 1944. Age will Arnold Schonberg died in Los certainly not wither the shocking Angeles 50 years ago. The event is subject matter which is their legacy to being commemorated by exhibitions Yehuda Bacon - Portrait of a young girl. us. And in June, the art of the in that city and in his native Vienna. Holocaust makes its presence felt once The composer, a youthful convert to artist's niece, donated 23 of the works Christianity reconverted to Judaism in more in London. The Imperial War shown, whose proceeds will help fund Museum is showing 150 works of art 1933 in response to the Nazi the work of the LJCC. Feigl was accession to power produced in death camps, deportation expelled at 21 from the centres and ghettos. Legacies of Academy of Art for his support of the Otto Tausig's career trajectory has Silence: The Visual Arts and avant garde movement but, after extended from the Young Austrian Holocaust Memory offers a grim extensive travel in Europe, returned to Players to the Vienna Burgtheater and testimony by artist witnesses, Prague in 1905. He was drawn to the French films. Though officially retired presenting all the imagery of death, the cafe society of old Europe, returning he is currently raising money foi" skeletal faces, huge eyes, cadaverous, continually to paint it. His lightness of children in the Third Wodd with huddled bodies, like Felix touch befrays the passion and depth his one-man show Kasperl, Nussbaum's skeleton playing the behind each sketch. His family left Kummerl, Jud. clarinet, the barbed wire, the look of Prague in 1939 during the occupation of why-me? Berg's temptation. The current run the country on advice from Oskar of Wedekind's Lulu at the Almeida Gennan Expressionists like Emil Kokoschka and settled in Hampstead. Theatre reminds us of the fact that Nolde, Ludwig Meidner, Max Other artists featured include the Alban Berg's opera of the same name Beckmann, and Otto Dix Czech-born sculptor Naomi Blake also had diverse Jewish connections- foreshadowed the terror of Nazism by who survived Auschwitz to fight in the For one, Berg dedicated it to his depicting the horrors of early 20th War of Independence in Palestine mentor Arnold Schdnberg; ^o( Century Europe. But while non-Jewish before moving to London to study at another the composer's premature post-war artists like Zoran Music or the Hornsey School of Art and Leo death left the task of completing the Osias Hofstatter, did not baulk from Haas, a survivor of Theresienstadt. score to Erwin Stein (father of the presenting the dead body in all its grim The Boundary Gallery celebrates Duchess of Harewood)- detail, Jewish artists refrained through the work of the young artist, Eva Coincidentally, the newspaper owner respect and sensitivity. Among the Frankfurther, a Nazi refugee who whom the scheming Lulu marries in most moving tributes are the 'passport came to Britain in 1939 but who the opera bears the Jewish name of Ot portraits' of European prisoners by committed suicide aged 29. Her Schon. In 1935 the Vienna-based Francizek Jazwiecki, who has taken paintings of London's immigrants, Berg, anxious to secure a German care to include the first letter of their whether Caribbean or Jewish, convey premiere for Lulu, put out feelers to nationality on their prison uniform. the isolation of people at work or the Nazi musical authorities. Would The artist's attempts to present every wandering the streets, with an they, he wondered, overlook the nuance possible of his subjects' expressionism redolent of Kathe characters came from a desire to rebut Kollwitz. She provides a fleeting 'atonality' of his score if he endowed the Nazis' cruelty in dehumanising chronicle of the life and times of Dr Schbn with more negative Jewish their victims. Thus they look at you out immigrant workers with all their pain, characteristics. Unfortunately for the of their frames, pleading, resigned, poverty, dislocation. Rather than dwell ailing composer - but fortunately f°' sad, powerless, accepting. on the life she left behind, his posthumous reputation - the Nazi* The London Jewish Cultural Centre Frankfurther reflects on fractured rebuffed Berg's approach, and the celebrated Czech Jewish Culture with incidents around her - excerpts of lives 'provisional' premiere of Lulu tooK a month-long exhibition Feigl and his transported elsewhere. The exhibition place in Zurich in 1937. Compatriots. Marion Feigl, the continues until July 21.

8 Reviews creation of stability and uneventful Kecorcl Keviow routine was perceived by the majority of the population not as enrichment Insightful and unsparing but as a form of deprivation. Haffner analysis writes that in the wake of the Great One of the recent success stories of War, the postwar upheavals, the Ruhr the recording industry has been the GESCHICHTE EINES DEUTSCHEN, occupation, and the inflation in which rise to prominence of the Naxos label Sebastian Haffner, millions could be lost (but also won), *hich now commands a considerable Deutsche Verlagsanstalt, 2000. share of the classical market generations of younger Germans had He "emerged out of fathomless depths Sceptics may argue that this become habituated to receiving all the success is entirely related to price: a far below those plumbed by the impulses for deeper emotion - for love Naxos compact disc retails at a third cheapest penny dreadfuls - from a and hate, joy and sorrow - so to speak of the cost of most other new nether sphere where demons rise out 'free of charge' from the public sphere. releases. But on serious examination, of a rancid miasma concocted in petit 'They had never learnt to give meaning this argument doesn't hold water, bourgeois backrooms, doss-houses, and beauty to their little private lives." •^ereas other companies tend to barracks latrines and execution yards." The young, in particular, considered offload re-issued performances on This is how Sebastian Haffner described private life boring, bourgeois and their cheaper labels and offer the Hitler in Geschichte eines Deutschen, belonging "to the day before listener little in the way of programme the autobiographical account he wrote yesterday." notes, Naxos recordings are modern on reaching Britain as a political emigre He contrasts this with the French ^d are packaged with exemplary in 1939. It is a work written with documentation. More unportantly, tradition of deriving enjoyment from impassioned revulsion under the the Naxos label covers a considerable indulgence in food, drinking, rhetoric immediate impact of events. The aniount of repertory from the and I'amour, and the English German style, to which I try to do niedieval era to the 20th century, enjoyment of hobbies, gardening and justice in my translated opening allowing those with curiosity to the keeping of pets. Haffner also had paragraph, shows how right the author explore a staggering range of music the diagnostic skill to perceive as eady was as a young man to contemplate for very littie financial outiay. as the 1930s that the majority of the switching from legal studies - his In previous years, I would have fellow-countrymen he had left behind father's chosen profession for him - to advised caution when sampling on emigrating were in a state '^axos recordings of the standard writing. More importantly, though, the bordering on mental illness. The Orchestral and chamber music completed manuscript evinces correctness of his diagnosis was borne •"epertory since the artists featured profound political insight - a gift which out by the fact that though the war was On many of these discs are of variable subsequently earned Haffner the obviously lost by 1943, millions of Quality. But with the arrival on the unique distinction of being, Wehrmacht soldiers and munition Scene of the Naxos Historic label, this consecutively, a prominent journalist workers continued giving their all for suggestion no longer holds water, for both in Britain (The Observer) and Fuhrer and Fatherland for another two here the performances, dating from Germany (Die Welt and Der Stern). the 1920s to tiie 1950s, are ti-uly years. Such perverted devotion to a A prime example of his •Memorable and are preserved in very manifestly lost cause could not be perceptiveness is the depiction of the adequate sound. Amongst the recent secured by Gestapo terror, but only by national mood during Germany's ^op of releases on this label, the the gradual atrophy of the nation's •"ecordings of violinists Jascha Stresemann years, the period of brain cells! Heifetz and Yehudi Menuhin surely stability between the run-away Occupy pride of place. In the case of inflation and the Slump. I subscribe to This is, all in all, a most valuable book. Heifetz, there are numerous concerto the theory that the near-astronomical We, who have every reason to be anti- discs that remind us of his staggering increase of Nazi votes in the 1930 German, but would be blind not to ^tuosity, not least the irresistible election was not primarily caused by acknowledge the post-war emergence Combination of Tchaikovsky and economic collapse (as is generally of a different Germany, will also draw Sibelius (8.110938), or the assumed) since the impact of the Wall inspiration from the Goethe quotation •Mendelssohn generously coupled Street Crash had not yet had time to "Deutschtand ist nichts, aber jeder ^ith two Mozart Concertos bite. My supposition - namely that einzelne Deutsche ist sehr viel." (8.110941). The Menuhin series is (Germany is nothing, but every single '^ss comprehensive, but two discs of Hitler's electoral breakthrough owed German counts for a great deal) which the great violinist playing much to first-time voters who chafed at ^unaccompanied Bach during the having come into the world too late to Haffner has chosen as the epigraph for 1940s (8.110918 and 8.110964) share in the Fronterlebnis of the Great his book. The news that an English should not be missed. War - is borne out by Haffnen He translation is currently being prepared advances the thesis that Stresemann's is to be warmly welcomed. Poet who fell silent Mystics, kings and AREYOUONALOW dilemmas WITH ALL FIVE SENSES, INCOMEANDINNEED Hans W Cohn, Menard Press. THE DISPUTATION, OFHOIVIECAREHELP? Hyam Maccoby, New End Theatre. The Breslau-born medical student Hans AJR might be able to offer Cohn escaped from Prague to England in Spain's dark Jewish history had one financial assistance. 1939. He became a bookseller and, later, moment of illumination some 200 years a leading existential psychotherapist. before the iniquitous Inquisition. While Members who might not Out of these influences he distilled his Jews were an eternal thorn in the side of otherwise be able to afford homecare please contact: poetry, clear as water and, like water, the Dominican monks who demonised mirroring our own reflections. He writes them, at least one Spanish monarch Estelle Brookner, Secretary with compassion and self knowledge proved himself a man who liked fair AJR, Social Services Dept and his work is lean and sparing. When play. King James of Aragon was a Phone No: 020 7431 6161 he has said what he needs to say, he licentious, free-wheeling royal, but one stops. For instance, in Birthday he partial to reasoned debate. This play writes: This year/ted him to the very considers the dilemmas placed before brink/of the question. Moses Ben Nachman (Nachmanides) by Companions If he did not wish to plunge down/ he the man he endearingly calls the had at last to turn and face the answer/ of London Pagan King. Incorporating that stood behind him. After Pope Gregory IX's 13th century Hampstead Home Care Haven't we all faced this truth when ban on the Talmud, it became popular to our birthday comes round yet again? hold public disputations between A long established company providing care in your home Indeed, he gave up literary work in the Judaism and Christianity in which Jews seventies. As Michael Hamburger tells us were effectively invited to concede to Assistance with personal care in the Foreword: "Hans Cohn Christianity before converting. Maccoby General household duties concentrated on the most essential and Respite care has dramatised the Barcelona urgent human needs, and having found Medical appointment service Disputation in which the philosopher- a sphere in which he could share and physician and mystic, Nachman, •OUR CARE IS YOUR CARE' ease other people's sufferings, writing described by Chief Rabbi Dr Jonathan 020 7483 0212/02IS could no longer be of that essence." This Sacks as "one of Judaism's most subtle collection of his last poems was and expansive minds," walks an translated lovingly by his brother, intellectual tightrope. How will he retain Frederick G Cohn, from the German (\j SPRING his Jewish integrity while combating the volume Mit Allen Funf Sinnen. Often he GROVE challenge of a Jewish convert, Pablo draws on the New Testament to 214 Finchley Road Christiani, on the Messiahship of Jesus? illuminate the human condition. Parable London NW3 And how will he do it without poems are among his finest work as, for London's Most Luxurious committing blasphemy? The process instance: About him who stayed RETIREMENT HOME that follows does not exactly 'catch the at home: conscience of a king', but Nachman • Entertainment-Activities But he is/ the older brother who does • Stress Free Living certainly wins James'admiration. not squander money/does not take • 24 Hour Staffing • Excellent Cuisine Robert Rietti gives an intense yet • Full En-Suite Facilities drugs... and knows/that the love of the subtle performance of the troubled father fattens a calf in the stable: it is not Call for more Information Dominican Raymond de Penaforte, who for him. or a personal tour bends the King's ear, and while Leonard In the title poem With alt five senses 020 8446 2117 Fenton is occasionally hesitant over his we sense his love of children and the or 020 7794 4455 lines as Nachman, this serves to enhance influence of Existentialist thought with [email protected] his impossible situation which he its emphasis on direct experience: handles with such dignity. Hildegarde Sometimes/before falling asleep Neil as the staunchly religious queen is a suddenly/ the taste of a different bread Simon R Rhodes M.Ch.S. perfect foil to William Russell's laid-back from childhood/crisp and sweet or even STATE REGISTERED CHIROPODIST and wayward King - he anticipating a earthier/indescribable a taste of a Surgeries at: faraway future of religious tolerance, country behind sleep. 67 Kilbum High Road, NW6 (opp M&S) she epitomising the exclusive one-way Telephone 020 7624 1576 Read this work. This poet, silent for ticket to salvation. 3 Queens Close (off Green Lane) years, brings us revelation and healing. Edgware,Middx HA87PU It has been my privilege to review him. The play runs until the end of June. Telephone 020 8905 3264 Visiting chiropody service available Jill Bamber Gloria Tessler

10 Later this year, the youthful and gain entrance to university. It was the energetic Arnold Paucker (he begiiming of an anglicisation process celebrated his 80th birthday this year) PROFILE which included an expertise in tea- Marion Koebner bids farewell to the desk he has occupied making! In 1953 the mature student for forty-two years as Director of the Arnold entered the German Leo Baeck Institute, where he has Arnold Paucker Department at Birmingham University presided since the Institute's foimdation to read German. Ironically, it was this 'n 1959. The farewell ceremonials will that resulted in Arnold's first return to iindoubtedly be the occasion for Germany since leaving in 1936, namely reminiscence by him and others on a to fulfil a compulsory requirement to •ich and eventful life which began in spend one term in the country whose Berlin in 1921. language was the subject of study. Arnold Paucker was born to Working with Weltsch Assimilated parents living in Berlin's Having attained a First, Arnold went on Charlottenburg. The expected pattern to Nottingham University to undertake ^i education - Gymnasium and a research degree choosing, for his •diversity - was not to be; in 1935, he doctoral thesis, a comparative study of ^as forced to leave school. It was only the transfer of German Volksbiicher to Sixteen years later that he was able to the Yiddish of the German ghettos. He 'Continue where he left off, attending sees this as the point at which he evening classes in Birmingham to understood the importance of a broader Qualify for university. In 1931, in study of Jewish history. He obtained his 'keeping with his assimilated Hahn's Salem and AS Neill's doctorate in 1959 and, in the same year, upbringing, Amold joined the DRPB, a Summerhill. As an agricultural became the first Director of the Leo '>on-Jewish, Republican youth education establishment, it offered little Baeck Institute, at that time located in Movement disbanded by the Nazis in the to Arnold who "abandoned any form of north London and relocated the same Glimmer of 1933. So it was that when he school attendance...and evolved a year to its present home above the ^ftiigrated to Palestine in 1936, two course of reading to suit myself' during Wiener Library. He worked with the farewell parties were given for him: one his three years as a student there. Chairman of the Leo Baeck Institute, '^y his Jewish Werkleute friends and the Thereafter he spent two years in Robert Weltsch, revered former editor '^ther by Gentile colleagues (in Jerusalem, working where he could and of the Zionist Jiidische Rundschau, who Uniform!) who had joined the Hitler attending occasional lecttures - including "taught me my trade as editor and '^outh. He recalls acceding to a request those of Martin Buber - as an initiated me into recent German-Jewish fo sing the International in Hebrew and unregistered student at the Hebrew history." From 1970, he took over the 'Respite forgetting some of the words, University. In 1941, he volunteered for editorship of the Institute's Year Book, 'taking the right-sounding noises; his the British Army (Royal Engineers), the flagship publication which has Audience was none the wiser! regarding it as his duty to fight against gained the Institute enormous academic At the age of twelve, the politicised Nazism. He served in the Middle East respect. Throughout his tenure, Amold ^oung Amold advised his liberal parents imtil 1943 when he was posted to Italy Paucker has lectured and written fo Vote for the Social Democrats. During where he remained until 1946, having extensively and has held visiting fhe year which followed - most witnessed the liberation of Northern professorships in Germany, most •^lemorably on 30 January 1933 - he Italy. His stay in the country contributed recently at Potsdam University which Witnessed the frenziedcrowd s cheering in two major ways to his future life: it awarded him an honorary doctorate in "•he torchlit parades along Berlin's instilled in him a love of Italy and its philosophy in 1996. '^Urfurstendamm celebrating the Nazi culture. But most importantly, he met His retirement from the Institute will Seizure of power. his future wife Pauline whilst in not mean severing the ties. He will 'talian love affairs Florence. spend the next few months handing over ^old was fifteen when he emigrated Marrying an English girl meant that to the new Director and will continue to ^ Palestine with his Jewish youth Arnold came to live in England where at serve on advisory committees. With a ^oup, not to a kibbutz for training - the the age of 30, for two years, working as bit more time to spare, he can now "^onn - but to Ben Shemen, a school an export clerk in Birmingham during devote more time to collecting and ^ving much in common with Kurt the day, he studied and took exams to cataloguing his large collection of

11 Next meeting - 7 June: Michael Heppner: 'A KINDERTRANSPORT NEWS Scroll with a Mission.' David Jedwab Brighton South London AJR's Walter Woyda At a recent Kinderlunch, Peter paid a welcome return visit, presenting Masters, author (and Kind) of a light-hearted musical quiz with many Striking Back - the story of a Jewish well-remembered and nostalgic tunes Commando, spoke about his and voices. Musical, operas and films childhood in Vienna, the great were all included and voices ranged influence of his father on him, and from Tauber to Sinatra and - of course - about their escape from Austria and the Three Tenors. A good time was had subsequent life in England. byaU. AJR members enjoying the Seder at the Disappointingly, he spoke little Paul Balint AJR Day Centre F Goldberg about his life as a commando except Manchester Next meeting -18 June: Visit by SIAJR, to tell how he joined the Pioneer including lunch. A group from north and south Corps, graduated to 'special duties Manchester paid a visit to Beth South London of a hazardous nature' and changed Shalom, the Holocaust Education his name. He also mentioned some Centre founded by the Smith family, in of the battles he was involved in. His Nottinghamshire. A loving greeting talk was witty, informative and kept and the wonderful acceptance and special care extended to the victims of his audience attentive and amused. the Shoah and to us justifies the name Bertha - what a trooper! For two 'Beth Shalom' - House of Peace - which weeks in March in 13 different is just what it is. Marina Smith and her locations in Germany, three talks a two sons Drs Stephen and James have day to hundreds, not to say dedicated their former farmhouse to Members of South London AJR at the AJR Day Centre thousands, of pupils, some journeys keeping the Holocaust alive and of four and a half hours duration by informing their visitors of the events of For some, the visit to the AJR Day 60 years ago. Stephen Smith gave a Centre was the first and was much car - who would want such an spellbinding talk and then invited easier than envisaged. Sitting in the itinerary? A German 'impresario' had questions which came thick and fast. bright and warm conservatory over a mobilized several 'Warner type The museum portrayal of historic facts welcoming cup of coffee, all questions cinemas and bussed in all the pupi'* illustrated by poignant pictures - about the centre were ably answered from surrounding schools to vieW especially those of children - brought by Rene. There followed an excellent the film Into the Arms of Stranger^ home the terrible events. The weather lunch, a game of Bingo and musical and then have a Question and allowed us to wander in the garden and entertainment in which some of the see the memorial plaques. The visit audience joined in. Just before Answer session. Kolhakavod, Bertha was extended by an additional half departing for home, tea and cake were - you put us 'youngsters' to shame. hour as no-one seemed to want to leave served. The warm welcome by Rene at the appointed time. and the staff ensured future Dates for your diary: return visits. Eva E Gillatt and Lisa Wolfe Kinderlunches at the Day Centre Herbert Wolff (12.00 fori 2.30) Pinner 11 June: Harry Heber- Jack Davidoff (violin) and Jules Rubin West Midlands JRC/CBFAVJR - origins of the (piano) provided an afternoon of An informal get-together at the Kindertransport. sparkling entertainment. They played Birmingham home of Henny Rednall 2 July: Michael Newman - a mixture of classical and light music was much enjoyed by the 20 members Holocaust Compensation Claims- with verve and style, interspersed with who attended. Future events were snappy Jewish jokes. AVhilst no-one discussed including attending, as a To participate please register was prepared to dance the tango, group, the AJR's 60th anniversary tea your name (on a first comei everyone in the audience joined in the at the Grosvenor House Hotel in first served basis) with the AJB medley of Israeli tunes. The afternoon September. Day Centre, 15 Cleve Road, was rounded off by the usual chat and, on this occasion, fresh fruit. Henny Rednall West Hampstead, NW6. Tel: Next meeting 24 June: 3rd Annual garden 020 7328 0208 Paul Samet party.

12 An invitation to join in FOURTH GREAT SEASON! AJR TRIP TO WESTCLIFF-ON-SEA celebrating AJR-KT LUNCHEON CLUB 1 AUGUST 2001 AJR'S 60th ANNIVERSARY Wednesday 20 June 2001 Join us for a day trip to Westcliff-on-Sea 15 Cleve Road NW6 3RL Leaving the Day Centre at 15 Cleve Road ^JR's members, family and friends are 11.45 am for 12.15 pm at 10am to arrive in Westcliff approx Wvited to celebrate the Association's Guest speaker: Helen Palba, 12.30pm for lunch at the Westcliff Hotel Wh Anniversary at an Aimiversary Tea Expert on Children's Books Afternoon tea will be served at the Hotel ^d Cabaret at the Grosvenor House Leaves from the life of a Departure from Westcliff at approx Spm arriving back in London approx 7.30pm ^otel, Park Lane, London Wl on Children's Bookseller Cost: £24.50 per person Sunday afternoon 9 September 2001. Reservations £7.50 for everyone! To book please call Joan Altman or 10 mark this very special year in AJR's From Sylvia, Renee and Susie Carol Rossen on 020 7431 6161 nistory, it has been decided to depart Tel: 020 7328 0208 Please book early to avoid disappointment «oin the well-supported traditional ^"^ies of concerts where the Opportunity to meet one another was AJR GROUP CONTACTS South London AJR 'Drop in' Advice Centre •"^stricted to the concert interval. This Ken Ambrose 020 8852 0262 at the "^ar, by providing a full sit-down tea and Pinner: (HA Postal District) Paul Balint AJR Day Centre Vera Gellman 020 8866 4833 '^'^ertainment, there will be maximum 15 Cleve Road, London NW6 3RL Surrey: Edmee Barta 01372 727 412 Opportunity to greet old fiiends and between 10am and 12 noon on the Brighton & Hove (Sussex Region) following dates: share each other's company. Fausta Shelton 01273 688 226 ^ particularly warm invitation is Wessex: (Bournemouth) Tuesday 5 June Extended to the children of members to Mark Goldfinger 01202 552 434 Wednesday 13 June East Midlands: (Nottingham) Thursday 21 June ^O'n their parents in celebrating an Bob Norton 01159 212 494 Tuesday 26 June West Midlands: (Birmingham) anniversary which has the greatest Wednesday 4 July ^'gnificance for both their cultural Henny Rednall 0121 373 5603 North: (Manchester) No appointment is necessary, but please ^heritance and British upbringing. Werner Lachs 0161 773 4091 bring along all relevant documents, such as Benefit Books, letters, bills, etc. ^ tables for 'second generation' Leeds HSFA: Trude Silman 0113 225 1628 ^tubers will be made up according ^0 demand). ^he AJR looks forward to greeting Paul Balint AJR Day Centre 15 Cleve Road, West Hampstead, NW6 Ambers' close friends and our many olunteers. AJR groups throughout the Monday - Thursday 9.30am-3.30pm, Sunday 2pm - 5.30pm ountry are invited to organise JUNE Afternoon entertainment: "^^nsport and to spend the afternoon Sun 3 DAY CENTRE OPEN NO ENTERTAINMENT ogether. It is hoped that associated Mon 4 KARD & GAMES KLUB "^Sanisations will wish to join Tue 5 The Geoffrey Whitworth Duo ^^e celebration. Wed 6 Nikki van der Zyl, accompanied by Sheila Games •highlight of the afternoon will be one Thur 7 Katinka Seiner & Laszio Easton with piano accompaniment '^he country's leading cabaret duos, Sun 10 DAY CENTRE OPEN NO ENTERTAINMENT ^t and the Widow' whose stylish Mon 11 KARD &L GAMES KLUB , 'isical himiour has launched them into Tue 12 Robin Richards, violin, Peter Irvine, baritone, accompanied by ^st End theatre, television, national Gloria Moss, piano Wed 13 Jack & Daphne ^<1 World tours. Thur 14 Bridgete Hurst, violin, Myrtle Bruce-Mitford, cello, accompanied by tickets at £18 each - which includes i % Timothy Barratt, piano tea and cabaret entertainment - may Sun 17 DAY CENTRE CLOSED AGM * reserved with the AJR's Head Office. Mon 18 KARD & GAMES KLUB ^iftbers are invited to participate Tue 19 Amanda Palmer at the piano ler singly, as couples, as groups, or as Wed 20 LUNCHEON CLUB •''^ committees - tables of 8-10 can be Thur 21 Ann Kenton-Barker & Basil Taylor accompanied by ''ranged - to ensure that everyone will Margaret Gibbs, piano V sittmg with their own fnends. Sun 24 DAY CENTRE OPEN NO ENTERTAINMENT Poking forms are available from Head Mon 25 KARD & GAMES KLUB .^ce, or telephone the Secretary, AJR Tue 26 Amanda Palmer at the piano . 'I Anniversary Celebration Tea, Wed 27 Maria St. Clare ^ 74316161 to reserve a place. Thur 28 Opera pops, accompanied by Margaret Gibbs, piano

13 Announcements TORRINGTON HOMES Gun Immobillen Consulting GmbH Golden Wedding Bautzner Strasse 20 Mrs Pringsheim, S.R.N. MATRON D-01099 Dresden, Germany Marion and Fred Durst are celebrating For Elderly, Retired and Convalescent (bi-lingual Hebrew) English spoken their golden wedding, married 28.6.1951 at (Licensed by Borough of Bamet) Finchley Synagogue, Kinloss Gardens. • Single and Double Rooms. will assist you in dealing with your • H/C Basins and CH In all rooms. restitution claims and compensation • Gardens, TV and reading rooms. issues for real estate property as Deaths • Nurse on duty 24 hours. James. Dr Herbert James, Community • Long and short term, including well as for insurance claims and trial period if required. Physician, bom in Vienna 1926. Died on 7 frozen bank accounts in Germany March at Guy's Hospital. Sadly missed by all. From £300 per week Tel: 0049 351 8 99 47 0 020 844S 1244/020 8446 2820 office hours Koster. Alfred (Adda) formerly Gleiwitz, 020 8455 1335 other times Fax: 0049 351 8 99 47 23 e-mail [email protected] Oberschlesien, aged 91, passed away NORTH FINCHLEY suddenly 26 April 2001. My dearest husband, my best friend, who looked after me for 64 Leo Baeck Housing Association Ltd years. Deeply mourned by me, also his Clara Nehab House Central Office for family and friends. Rest in peace! Residential Care Home Yours Klari. Holocaust Claims (UK) All single rooms with en suite bath/shower. Short stays/Respite and 24 hour Permanent Care Tombstone Consecration Expert assistance and guidance on Large attractive gardens Holocaust-era restitution and Levy. The memorial stone for Lily Levy will Ground Floor Lounge and Dining rooms. Lift access to all floors. compensation claim procedures including be consecrated at Hoop Lane on Sunday 3 Easy access to local shops and public transport. dormant bank accounts, unpaid insurance June at 3pm. policies, pensions and looted art. Enquiries and further information please contact: The Manager There is no charge for this service. Classified Clara Nehab House 13-19 Leeside Crescent Further information from Miscellaneous Services London NW11 ODA Phone: 020 8455 2286 Michael Newman at 1 Hampstead Gate, Manicure & Pedicure in the comfort of la Frognal, London NW3 6AL or by your own home. Telephone 020 8343 0976. email: claims(S!ajr.org.uk Societies JEWELLERY Kaffee Klatsch Klub, established 1986. Monthly entertainment for Jewish TO AVOID A COSTLY MISTAKE MAKE SURE YOU GET OUR OFFER Europeans, 60 plus. For further details BEFORE YOU SELL 4^ telephone 020 8554 0443. Buying jewellery has been our business Association of Jewish Ex-Berliners and for 35 years. To get our NO OBLIGATION BELSIZE SQUARE Ex-Breslauers. Please contact Peter offer for your diamonds or fine jewellery SYNAGOGUE Sinclair 020 88821638 for information. call for a confidential private appointment and FREE consultation at 51 Belsize Square, NW3 4HX DayCentre our office, your home or bank, ANY TIME. We offer a traditional style of religious Chiropodist. Trevor Goldman at the Paul service with Cantor Choir and organ DAVID SOLOMONS LTD Balint AJR Day Centre. Wednesday 6 (Members of the London Diamond Bourse) Further details can be obtained from June between 1011.30am. the synagogue secretary Tel: 020 7242 7659 Telephone 020 7794 3949 Shirley Lever at the Paul Balint AJR Mob: 0410 287895 Day Centre. New clothes for sale, dresses, 5 Hatton Place, London ECIN 8RU Minister: Rabbi Rodney J Mariner underwear, cardigans, etc. Wednesday 13 Cantor: Rev Lawrence H Fine June 9.45-11.45am. Regular Services: BELSIZE SQUARE APARTMENTS Friday evenings at 6.45pm Saturday mornings at 10am 24 BELSIZE SQUARE, NWS Religion School: Sundays at 10am to Ipf" Tel: 020 7794 4307 or 020 7435 2557 Nursery School: 9.15am to 12.15pm RareJuff cofour Modern Self-catering Holiday Rooms, Resident Housekeeper, Moderate Terms Belsize under S's: 9.30am to 11.30am art Bootes Near Swiss Cottage Station Space donated by Pafra Limited

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14 Science Notebook prof Mkhaei spiro Music and pictures from Berlin Earthquakes (contd.) Thea Skyte Earthquakes have revealed much plates, which cover the Earth's The small waiting room at Bolton Abbey about the interior of the Earth. By surface, move against each other, or railway station played host to an unusual analysing the primary P and move past or slide past each other (as musical event, a private performance by members of Opera North and other secondary S waves generated by in the San Andreas fault in professional musicians, of a new earthquakes, the British geologist California). The resulting chamber opera. The Landau Papers was earthquakes (and volcanic eruptions) Richard Oldham concluded in 1906 composed by Sam Paechter with a that the Earth possessed a large have thus mapped out for us the libretto by Rachel Feldberg, both central core (of iron alloy). In 1913 boimdaries of these tectonic plates. members of the Leeds Holocaust the German-Jewish geologist Beno Earthquakes along the western Survivors Friendship Association and Gutenberg deduced that this core edge of the American continent, children of German-Jewish refugees. Was liquid: its interface with the solid Japan and Indonesia are caused by the The opera, based on unpublished mantle above it is now called the large Pacific Ocean plate moving memoirs and oral reminiscences of life Gutenberg discontinuity. It lies 2900 against the North American and under the Nazis in 1930s Berlin, tells of kms below the Earth's surface and Eurasian plates (by dipping below the friendship of Hannah, a brilliant 3500 kms above the centre of the them). Most of the world's Jewish musicologist and Dodie, Earth. In 1936 Inge Lehmann in earthquake energy is released in this a Christian. Denmark showed that this molten circum-Pacific belt. Another Guests, including former refugees core contains inside it a smaller solid earthquake belt passes through depicted in the photographic exhibition core of 1200 km radius. southern countries of Eiurope and on staged in one of the carriages, travelled Gutenberg wisely left Germany in through the Middle East. A belt by steam train from Embsay to Bolton Abbey. "Between two worlds" is 1930 and joined Charles Richter at underneath the Atlantic, which the work of Leeds photographer Lizzie the California Institute of shows up in Iceland, arises from Coombes and shows the everyday plates moving apart. Tectonic plates Technology. Together, they showed life, and history, of some West that every increase of one imit on the move at rates which vary from a few Yorkshire Holocaust survivors. Richter earthquake scale millimetres a year to several Two further performances of the opera corresponds to the release of 30 centimetres, and we still have - including its wodd premiere - will be times more energy. This energy is much to learn about the given in Leeds, in conjunction with the released when the rigid tectonic processes involved. exhibition, on 10 and 11 June.

Search Notices died 1953. Any information please England with the Kindertransport in contact 020 8908 0582. 1939. Served as a sergeant in the British ^ottfrlfriee d who lived with Douglas and Army during WWII, working as an ^^therin

15 Days of Remembrance Newsround Unpunished war criminal Judy Lash Balint The arrest of Friedrich Engel, head of the SS in Genoa and responsible for the Here in Israel, the days siuTounding roads in Israel, users being subjected to murder of over 200 Italian prisoners of Yom Hashoah and Yom Haatzmaut drive-by shooting and stoning.) Building war, has been requested by Italy. He has heighten awareness of our Jewish the Burma Road was a feat of endiurance lived in Germany since 1999, when an Italian court handed down a lif^ destiny. Holocaust-related stories, and ingenuity. Gangs of young Jews sentence in absentia. testimonies and even Shoah political brought in from Jerusalem intrigue receive priority media surreptitiously hacked the lifeline out of Gestapo archive uncovered coverage. It doesn't escape many here the steep terrain. The three-mile gap A research student has uncovered oy^^ that "we are still fighting for our lives," between two sections of the road proved fifty large boxes containing the as Ephraim Sneh notes at Yad Vashem, impossible to bridge, so hundreds of complete archive of the Gestapo's over the sounds of gunfire and shelling men made the nocturnal traverse on Central Office in the cellars of at Rachel's Tomb and Gilo. foot, hauling heavy sacks of floiur to Vienna's city archives, reports The For many, it's a time to retrace the Jerusalem. Today, on the hills of the Jewish Chronicle. earlier stages in the Arab-Israeli Burma Road, oversized silhouette Bush reaches out conflict, both to remember those who figures recall their fortitude. President Bush visited the Holocaust gave their lives for the Jewish state, and We move on to the fields below Memorial Museum in Washington on to understand and appreciate the land Latrun, graveyard of hundreds of Jewish Holocaust Memorial Day, lighting ^ itself. I went on a trip, retracing the soldiers. Many who fell at Latrun, a candle in memory of those murdered at 1947- 48 battles to keep open the road to Mandate police fort, pumping station Auschwitz-Birkenau. The visit was seen Jerusalem. As we sat on the lower hills and key point on the Tel Aviv-Jerusalem as a gesture of friendship with Israel. of the Castel, a key outpost west of highway, were Holocaust survivors, Jerusalem, our guide described the Belated war crimes trial recently released from the Cyprus conditions at the time. "Jewish civilians Anton Malloth, a Theresienstadt guard- detention camps. They were untrained, were under constant attack on the roads is on trial in a prison outside 52 spoke little Hebrew and had no chance - 1,200 people were killed in four years after being sentenced to death ii^ against the Arab Legion's superior months." 100,000 Jerusalemites lived absentia by a Czech court. After the under siege and relied on armed firepower. One of the young division sentence he fled to Italy where he lived convoys bringing supplies, medicine commanders who tried to rescue the until expelled in 1988. and water to the city. untrained survivors was Ariel Sharon. A short distance from Latrun is the Conserving the past From the top of the Castel there's a military cemetery at kibbutz Kiryat The 350 Jewish cemeteries in Bohemia panoramic view of the surrounding area, Anavim. Here lie the boys of the Harel and Moravia will be collected on ^ but most important is the vantage point brigade in the place that served as their database to be accessible on tn over the main Tel Aviv - Jerusalem home base during the War of Internet, reports the Jewish Chronic'^' highway. Whoever controls the Castel Independence. The orderly rows of The mainly volunteer team expects t^ controls access to Jerusalem. It took Jerusalem stone bear the names and spend up to fifteen years finding ^^ several Palmach and Haganah brigades recording cemeteries in varying state ages of the fallen: fifteen, sixteen and to capture the hill in April 1948. They of repair seventeen year olds who lied about their killed renowned Arab commander Abd Elkader El Husseini (father of Palestine age to enlist to fight for a Jewish state. Auschwitz disco closed Authority Minister of Jerusalem Affairs, Many of the boys were new immigrants The Polish authorities have closed do\«"^ a disco operating close to Auschwitz Faisal Husseini) and opened the road to from the devastated Jewish concentration camp after protests by- the Holy City as Arab soldiers flocked to communities of Eastern Eiurope. among others, the Simon Wiesentha Jerusalem for Husseini's funeral. These places and the days of Yom Centre and a German yOUtfl Around the back of the hill are memorial Hashoah, Yom Hazikaron and Yom organisation. plaques bearing the names of the fallen Haatzmaut give us hope in difficult Palmach soldiers. times. Things have been worse, and we First for compensation arded The Harel Outlook, a serene, forested have much to celebrate. We have paid a The first Briton has been avvar spot on the Beit Shemesh - Ramla road heavy price for self-determination, compensation from the Austria offers views over the Burma Road - independence and continuity - but this is General Settlement Fund. Herbef Israel's original by-pass. (Since the Oslo Jewish destiny, and we are privileged to Anderson will receive a paym^ Accords, many roads have been be part of the first generation in towards the value of jewellery stol constructed through Judea and Samaria thousands of years to witness the from his mother when Nazi off''^^ to bypass hostile Arab villages. Today emergence of a flourishing, albeit raided her home. ., they are among the most dangerous troubled, Jewish state.

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