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2005 Annual Report American Physical Society
1 2005 Annual Report American Physical Society APS 20052 APS OFFICERS 2006 APS OFFICERS PRESIDENT: PRESIDENT: Marvin L. Cohen John J. Hopfield University of California, Berkeley Princeton University PRESIDENT ELECT: PRESIDENT ELECT: John N. Bahcall Leo P. Kadanoff Institue for Advanced Study, Princeton University of Chicago VICE PRESIDENT: VICE PRESIDENT: John J. Hopfield Arthur Bienenstock Princeton University Stanford University PAST PRESIDENT: PAST PRESIDENT: Helen R. Quinn Marvin L. Cohen Stanford University, (SLAC) University of California, Berkeley EXECUTIVE OFFICER: EXECUTIVE OFFICER: Judy R. Franz Judy R. Franz University of Alabama, Huntsville University of Alabama, Huntsville TREASURER: TREASURER: Thomas McIlrath Thomas McIlrath University of Maryland (Emeritus) University of Maryland (Emeritus) EDITOR-IN-CHIEF: EDITOR-IN-CHIEF: Martin Blume Martin Blume Brookhaven National Laboratory (Emeritus) Brookhaven National Laboratory (Emeritus) PHOTO CREDITS: Cover (l-r): 1Diffraction patterns of a GaN quantum dot particle—UCLA; Spring-8/Riken, Japan; Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lab, SLAC & UC Davis, Phys. Rev. Lett. 95 085503 (2005) 2TESLA 9-cell 1.3 GHz SRF cavities from ACCEL Corp. in Germany for ILC. (Courtesy Fermilab Visual Media Service 3G0 detector studying strange quarks in the proton—Jefferson Lab 4Sections of a resistive magnet (Florida-Bitter magnet) from NHMFL at Talahassee LETTER FROM THE PRESIDENT APS IN 2005 3 2005 was a very special year for the physics community and the American Physical Society. Declared the World Year of Physics by the United Nations, the year provided a unique opportunity for the international physics community to reach out to the general public while celebrating the centennial of Einstein’s “miraculous year.” The year started with an international Launching Conference in Paris, France that brought together more than 500 students from around the world to interact with leading physicists. -
2018 March Meeting Program Guide
MARCHMEETING2018 LOS ANGELES MARCH 5-9 PROGRAM GUIDE #apsmarch aps.org/meetingapp aps.org/meetings/march Senior Editor: Arup Chakraborty Robert T. Haslam Professor of Chemical Engineering; Professor of Chemistry, Physics, and Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, MIT Now welcoming submissions in the Physics of Living Systems Submit your best work at elifesci.org/physics-living-systems Image: D. Bonazzi (CC BY 2.0) Led by Senior Editor Arup Chakraborty, this dedicated new section of the open-access journal eLife welcomes studies in which experimental, theoretical, and computational approaches rooted in the physical sciences are developed and/or applied to provide deep insights into the collective properties and function of multicomponent biological systems and processes. eLife publishes groundbreaking research in the life and biomedical sciences. All decisions are made by working scientists. WELCOME t is a pleasure to welcome you to Los Angeles and to the APS March I Meeting 2018. As has become a tradition, the March Meeting is a spectacular gathering of an enthusiastic group of scientists from diverse organizations and backgrounds who have broad interests in physics. This meeting provides us an opportunity to present exciting new work as well as to learn from others, and to meet up with colleagues and make new friends. While you are here, I encourage you to take every opportunity to experience the amazing science that envelops us at the meeting, and to enjoy the many additional professional and social gatherings offered. Additionally, this is a year for Strategic Planning for APS, when the membership will consider the evolving mission of APS and where we want to go as a society. -
Aleksei A. Abrikosov 1928–2017
Aleksei A. Abrikosov 1928–2017 A Biographical Memoir by M. R. Norman ©2018 National Academy of Sciences. Any opinions expressed in this memoir are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Academy of Sciences. ALEKSEI ALEKSEEVICH ABRIKOSOV June 25, 1928–March 29, 2017 Elected to the NAS, 2000 Shortly after the 2003 announcement that Aleksei Abrikosov had won the Nobel Prize in Physics, a number of colleagues took Alex to lunch at a nearby Italian restau- rant. During lunch, one of the Russian visitors exclaimed that Alex should get a second Nobel Prize, this time in Literature for his famous “AGD” book with Lev Gor’kov and Igor Dzyaloshinskii (Methods of Quantum Field Theory in Statistical Physics.) Somewhat taken aback, I looked closely at this individual and realized that he was deadly serious. Although I could imagine the reaction of the Nobel Literature committee to such a book (for a lay person, perhaps analogous to trying to read Finnegan’s Wake), I had to admit that my own copy of this book is quite dog-eared, having been put to good use over the By M. R. Norman years. In fact, you know you have made it in physics when your book gets a Dover edition. One of the most charming pictures I ever saw was a rare drawing in color that Alexei Tsvelik did (commissioned by Andrei Varlamov for Alex’s 50th birthday) that was proudly displayed in Alex’s home in Lemont, IL. It showed Alex with his fingers raised in a curled fashion as in the habit of medieval Popes. -
Lev Davidovich Landau Born: 12 January, 1908, Baku, Russian Empire Died: 1 April, 1968, Moscow, Soviet Union
Symmetry XIII (2019) 1 Dedicated to Lev Davidovich Landau Born: 12 January, 1908, Baku, Russian Empire Died: 1 April, 1968, Moscow, Soviet Union Symmetry XIII (2019) 2 Volume XIII, 2019 Editorial Symmetry This issue of symmetry is dedicated to the great physicists Lev Devidovich Landau. An annual Publication of CDP, TU Landau Soviet theoretical physicist, one of the founders of quantum theory of (Covid-19 Issue) condensed matter whose pioneering research in this field was recognized with the Patron 1962 Nobel Prize for Physics. In the year 1941, he successfully applied quantum Prof. Dr. Binil Aryal theory to the movement of superfluid liquid helium. Landau argued for the need of yet another radical conceptual revolution in physics in order to resolve the Advisory Board mounting difficulties in relativistic quantum theory. The collective work of Prof. Dr. Om Prakash Niraula Landau’s group embraced practically every branch of theoretical physics. In 1946 Prof. Dr. Raju Khanal he described the phenomenon of Landau damping of electromagnetic waves in Prof. Dr. Narayan Prasad Adhikari plasma. Together with Vitaly L. Ginzburg, in 1950 Landau obtained the correct Prof. Dr. Ram Prasad Regmi equations of the macroscopic theory of superconductivity. During the 1950s he and Prof. Dr. Ishwar Koirala collaborators discovered that even in renormalized quantum electrodynamics, a Dr. Hari Prasad Lamichhane new divergence difficulty appears (the Landau pole). The phenomenon of the Dr. Bal Ram Ghimire coupling constant becoming infinite or vanishing at some energy is an important Dr. Ajay Kumar Jha feature of modern quantum field theories. In this volume, there are 7 articles Dr. -
In Memory of Leo P. Kadanoff
Journal of Statistical Physics manuscript No. (will be inserted by the editor) Franz J. Wegner In memory of Leo P. Kadanoff Received: Accepted: Abstract Leo Kadanoff has worked in many fields of statistical mechanics. His contributions had an enormous impact. This holds in particular for critical phe- nomena, where he explained Widom’s homogeneity laws by means of block-spin transformations and laid the basis for Wilson’s renormalization group equation. I had the pleasure to work in his group for one year. A short historically account is given. Keywords Renormalization group · Block-spin transformation · Critical phenomena · Ising Model · Duality 1 Introduction Leo Kadanoff has worked in many fields of Statistical Mechanics. He started out in working on superconductivity in a thesis under the supervi- sion of Paul Martin at Harvard. Leo and Gordon Baym developed self-consistent approximations which preserved the conservation laws[4]. They published the widely used book Conservation laws and correlation functions[34]. Gordon Baym has reviewed his time with Leo in his contribution Conservation laws and the quantum theory of transport: The early days.[3] After a number of papers related to superconductivity and transport phenom- ena he became interested in critical phenomena, where he contributed essentially. Section 2 reviews shortly the situation in this field in the fifties and sixties of the last century. Section 3 reviews the contributions of Ben Widom and Leo Kadanoff in 1965 and 1966, which were two important steps in the understanding of this field. This led to a strongly growing interest in this field (sect. 4). Finally, in 1971 Ken Wilson developed the tool to calculate explicitly the critical behavior. -
Topological Phases and Applications to Quantum Information Processing" ______List of Organizers
Proposed title: "Topological Phases and Applications to Quantum Information Processing" __________________________________________________________ List of organizers: Nicholas E. Bonesteel (Florida State University and NHMFL) Phone: (850) 644-7805, E-mail: [email protected] James P. Eisenstein (Caltech) Phone: (626) 395-4649, E-mail: [email protected] Michael H. Freedman (Microsoft Research) Phone: (805) 893-6313, E-mail: [email protected] Kirill Shtengel (UC Riverside) Phone: (951) 827-1058, E-mail: [email protected] Steven H. Simon (Lucent Technologies, Bell Labs) Phone: (908) 582-6006, E-mail: [email protected] __________________________________________________________ Proposed length: 4 weeks, preferably July 2 through July 29 or June 25 through July 22. However, anytime between June 18 and Sept 2, 2007 is acceptable. Pushing it toward earlier or later dates will result in conflicts with teaching for many of the potential attendees. __________________________________________________________ Abstract: Quantum computers, if realized in practice, promise exponential speed-up of some of the computational tasks that conventional classical algorithms are intrinsically incapable of handling efficiently. Perhaps even more intriguing possibility arises from being able to use quantum computers to simulate the behavior of other physical systems -- an exciting idea dating back to Feynman. Unfortunately, realizing a quantum computer in practice proves to be very difficult, chiefly due to the debilitating effects of decoherence plaguing all possible schemes which use microscopic degrees of freedom (such as nuclear or electronic spins) as basic building blocks. >From this perspective, topological quantum computing offers an attractive alternative by encoding quantum information in nonlocal topological degrees of freedom that are intrinsically protected from decoherence due to local noise. -
2007 Annual Report APS
American Physical Society APS 2007 Annual Report APS The AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY strives to: Be the leading voice for physics and an authoritative source of physics information for the advancement of physics and the benefit of humanity; Collaborate with national scientific societies for the advancement of science, science education, and the science community; Cooperate with international physics societies to promote physics, to support physicists worldwide, and to foster international collaboration; Have an active, engaged, and diverse membership, and support the activities of its units and members. Cover photos: Top: Complementary effect in flowing grains that spontaneously separate similar and well-mixed grains into two charged streams of demixed grains (Troy Shinbrot, Keirnan LaMarche and Ben Glass). Middle: Face-on view of a simulation of Weibel turbulence from intense laser-plasma interactions. (T. Haugbolle and C. Hededal, Niels Bohr Institute). Bottom: A scanning microscope image of platinum-lace nanoballs; liposomes aggregate, providing a foamlike template for a platinum sheet to grow (DOE and Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM). Text paper is 50% sugar cane bagasse pulp, 50% recycled fiber, including 30% post consumer fiber, elemental chlorine free. Cover paper is 50% recycled, including 15% post consumer fiber, elemental chlorine free. Annual Report Design: Leanne Poteet/APS/2008 Charts: Krystal Ferguson/APS/2008 ast year, 2007, started out as a very good year for both the American Physical Society and American physics. APS’ journals and meetings showed solidly growing impact, sales, and attendance — with a good mixture Lof US and foreign contributions. In US research, especially rapid growth was seen in biophysics, optics, as- trophysics, fundamental quantum physics and several other areas. -
Joseph A. Rudnick February 11, 2021, 12:00Pm-13:00Pm (EST)
History of RSB Interview: Joseph A. Rudnick February 11, 2021, 12:00pm-13:00pm (EST). Final revision: April 19, 2021 Interviewers: Patrick Charbonneau, Duke University, [email protected] Francesco Zamponi, ENS-Paris Location: Over Zoom, from Prof. Rudnick’s home in Los Angeles, California, USA. How to cite: P. Charbonneau, History of RSB Interview: Joseph A. Rudnick, transcript of an oral history conducted 2021 by Patrick Charbonneau and Francesco Zamponi, History of RSB Project, CAPHÉS, École normale supérieure, Paris, 2021, 13 p. https://doi.org/10.34847/nkl.ed19y09o PC: Good morning, Prof. Rudnick. As we mentioned ahead of time, the purpose of this interview is to discuss the period during which replica symmetry breaking was developed, roughly from 1975 to 1995. To get us to that, there are a few questions on background that we would like to bring up. In your contribution to the Walter Kohn festschrift, you described how and why you chose to become a theoretical physicist1. Given that your father was himself a physicist2, was it even an option for you not to become a physicist? JR: [0:00:41] That's a very good question. Certainly, if I had discovered I was no good at it, I wouldn’t have done it. There was this strong feeling: physics was almost a religion in my family. In fact, my brother once commented that I was the one who went into the family business. I actually remember that… I envy people who went into physics because they were so drawn to the subject. For me, there was a very strong feeling that, not that it was expected of me, but that it was a way of fulfilling some kind of destiny, or I don't know what. -
Physics in the Time of Coronavirus
Harvard University Department of Physics Newsletter FALL 2020 Physics In The Time Of Coronavirus also in this issue: Radioastronomy’s First Spectral Line John Doyle: Trapping and Cooling Molecules Christopher Stubbs: A Dean for All Seasons Cora Dvorkin: Digging into the History of the Cosmos A Tribute to Carol Davis ON THE COVER: The Department Hundreds of boxes CONTENTS of lab kits are ready Today: for shipment at the Instructional Physics Labs Letter from the Chair ....................................................................................................................2 Inset: Lab kit for Physics 16 176 FACULTY HIGHLIGHTS Undergraduate concentrators Promotions and New Faculty......................................................................................................3 Faculty Prizes, Awards, and Acknowledgments ......................................................................6 Books by Faculty ...........................................................................................................................7 248 COVER STORY Graduate students Physics in the Time of Coronavirus .............................................................................................8 78 HISTORICAL FOCUS Radioastronomy’s First Spectral Line: A Glimpse of the Handiwork of Creation ..............14 Postdoctoral fellows FEATURED 125 -RKQ'R\OH7UDSSLQJDQG&RROLQJ0ROHFXOHVDVD3DWKWR6FLHQWLÀF$GYDQFHPHQW .....20 Christopher Stubbs: A Dean for All Seasons ...........................................................................27 -
Bohr's Relational Holism and the Classical-Quantum Interaction1
1 Bohr’s Relational Holism and the classical-quantum Interaction1 Mauro Dorato Department of Philosophy Communication and Media Studies University of Rome “Roma Tre”, Via Ostiense 234, 00144, Rome, Italy [email protected] 1 Introduction: a conflict in Bohr’s philosophy? Bohr’s philosophy of quantum mechanics has often been charged for what is allegedly one of its major shortcomings, namely the advocacy of an unambiguous classical/quantum distinction (let me refer to this view with the label the distinction thesis). As is well known, such a distinction is needed to defend Bohr’s view that any communicable measurement outcome must presuppose a classically describable instrument, with respect to which any reference to the quantum of action can be neglected (Bohr 1958, 4). Critics have then often insisted on the fact that the distinction in question is hopelessly vague (Bell 1987, 29) or at least strongly contextual (Ghirardi 2004), so that Bohr’s interpretation of quantum mechanics suffers from the same vagueness and adhoc-ness. The resulting problem is, allegedly, a renunciation to describe the dynamical interaction between system and apparatus in a physically precise, theoretically based and non-contextual way, and therefore to offer a much-needed solution to the measurement problem. In my paper I will present and critically discuss the main strategies that Bohr used and could have used to defend from this charge his interpretation of quantum mechanics. In particular, in the first part I will reassess the main arguments that Bohr used to advocate the 1 Thanks to Henry Folse and Jan Faye for their attentive reading of a previous draft of the paper. -
MEMORIAL STATEMENTS Cornell University Faculty 2014-2015
MEMORIAL STATEMENTS Cornell University Faculty 2014-2015 Office of the Dean of Faculty Ithaca, New York Table of Contents 1 Meyer Howard Abrams 8 Heinz B. Biesdorf 11 Carole Ayres Bisogni 14 George Louis Casler 18 Edmund Titus Cranch 23 Loy Van Crowder 27 Eugene B. Dynkin 30 LeRoy A. Ellerbrock 33 Milton J. Esman 38 James J. Eyster, Jr. 41 Francis Henry Fox 44 Donald L. Fredericksen 47 Marjorie Galenson 49 Ephrahim Garcia 54 Christopher L. Henley 57 Phyllis Janowitz 62 Robert Elliott Johnston 65 Judith G. Kellock 70 Fred H. Kulhawy 73 Bernd Lambert 78 Robert J. Lambert 82 John Leask Lumley 88 Phillip L. Marcus 91 Jay Orear 94 Verne N. Rockcastle 99 Edward Arthur Schano 104 Harry W. Seeley, Jr. 108 Maurice J. Tauber 111 H. David Thurston 115 Bruce Wallace 120 L. Pearce Williams Preface The University Faculty has always followed the practice of including within the faculty records a memorial resolution on the death of one of its members. The faculty modified this custom that was begun in the earliest days of Cornell University in 1938 as follows: Upon the death of a member of the University Faculty, the President or Dean of Faculty shall formally notify the Faculty at the next meeting and those present shall rise in respect for the memory of the deceased member. The Provost shall then appoint a committee to prepare an appropriate memorial statement. Such statements shall not be presented in the form of resolutions, as in the past, but shall be annually collected, edited, and printed by the University in a memorial booklet, which shall be sent to members of the Faculty, to the families of the deceased members, and shall be filed with University records. -
Ya B Zeldovich (1914–1987) Chemist, Nuclear Physicist, Cosmologist
GENERAL ARTICLE Ya B Zeldovich (1914–1987) Chemist, Nuclear Physicist, Cosmologist Varun Sahni Ya B Zeldovich was a pre-eminent Soviet physi- cist whose seminal contributions spanned many ¯elds ranging from physical chemistry to nuclear and particle physics, and ¯nally astrophysics and cosmology. This article attempts to convey some of the zest with which he did science and the im- portant role he played in fostering and mentoring Varun Sahni did his PhD a whole generation of talented Soviet scientists. in Moscow State Univer- sity under the supervision Introduction of Ya B Zeldovich and A A Starobinsky. Yakov Borisovich Zeldovich was exceptionally talented. He is a professor at His active scienti¯c career included major contributions IUCAA with interests in: in ¯elds as diverse as chemical physics (adsorption and the early Universe, gravity waves, dark matter and catalysis), the theory of shock waves, thermal explo- dark energy, quantum sions, the theory of °ame propogation, the theory of field theory in curved combustion and detonation, nuclear and particle physics, space-time and the and, during the latter part of his life: gravitation, astro- formation of large scale physics and cosmology [1]. structure in the Universe. Zeldovich made key contributions in all these areas, nur- turing a creative and thriving scienti¯c community in the process. His total scienti¯c output exceeds 500 re- 1 Bourbaki was the pseudonym search articles and 20 books. Indeed, after meeting him, collectively adopted by a group of twentieth century mathemati- the famous English physicist Stephen Hawking wrote cians who wrote several influen- \Now I know that you are a real person and not a group tial books under this pseudonym of scientists like the Bourbaki"1.