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Lev Davidovich Landau Born: 12 January, 1908, Baku, Russian Empire Died: 1 April, 1968, Moscow, Soviet Union

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Lev Davidovich Landau Born: 12 January, 1908, Baku, Russian Empire Died: 1 April, 1968, Moscow, Soviet Union Symmetry XIII (2019) 1 Dedicated to Lev Davidovich Landau Born: 12 January, 1908, Baku, Russian Empire Died: 1 April, 1968, Moscow, Soviet Union Symmetry XIII (2019) 2 Volume XIII, 2019 Editorial Symmetry This issue of symmetry is dedicated to the great physicists Lev Devidovich Landau. An annual Publication of CDP, TU Landau Soviet theoretical physicist, one of the founders of quantum theory of (Covid-19 Issue) condensed matter whose pioneering research in this field was recognized with the Patron 1962 Nobel Prize for Physics. In the year 1941, he successfully applied quantum Prof. Dr. Binil Aryal theory to the movement of superfluid liquid helium. Landau argued for the need of yet another radical conceptual revolution in physics in order to resolve the Advisory Board mounting difficulties in relativistic quantum theory. The collective work of Prof. Dr. Om Prakash Niraula Landau’s group embraced practically every branch of theoretical physics. In 1946 Prof. Dr. Raju Khanal he described the phenomenon of Landau damping of electromagnetic waves in Prof. Dr. Narayan Prasad Adhikari plasma. Together with Vitaly L. Ginzburg, in 1950 Landau obtained the correct Prof. Dr. Ram Prasad Regmi equations of the macroscopic theory of superconductivity. During the 1950s he and Prof. Dr. Ishwar Koirala collaborators discovered that even in renormalized quantum electrodynamics, a Dr. Hari Prasad Lamichhane new divergence difficulty appears (the Landau pole). The phenomenon of the Dr. Bal Ram Ghimire coupling constant becoming infinite or vanishing at some energy is an important Dr. Ajay Kumar Jha feature of modern quantum field theories. In this volume, there are 7 articles Dr. Gopi Chandra Kaphle written by editorial board members on various aspects of Landau’s scientific and Dr. Nurapati Pantha social contributions. Dr. Madhav Prasad Ghimire On 23 March, Government of Nepal decided that the entire country will Dr. Niraj Dhital go on a lockdown, amid concerns over the spread of COVID-19. From the very Dr. Sanju Shreshtha next day, University was closed. Students and faculties rushed to their hometown Mr. Tika Ram Lamichhane without any proper plan. For the students the most immediate impact was the Mr. Pramod Kumar Thakur temporary cessation of face-to-face teaching learning at the department. The Ms. Sangeeta Maharjan second semester student’s classes suddenly stopped. First semester orientation was cancelled and postponed for unknown date. In addition, third semester board exam has been postponed for unknown date. CDP was in completely new situation, without a clear idea of how long it will last, immediate impacts on daily life, costs Publication Committee incurred and financial burdens and, of course, learning continuity and international Mr. Sarga Man Maharjan mobility. CDP decided to resume classes to the second semester through online Mr. Ram Chandra Basnet using software Zoom on 17 April 2020. In the beginning, both faculties and the Mr. Govinda Maharjan students face difficulties mainly due to slow connectivity and lack of knowledge regarding proper use of ICT in learning activities. Faculties of CDP are also impacted significantly at the workplace and professionally as well. TU has also initiated towards a radid transition using ICT tools though a couple of very Editorial Board essential MoU with NREN and Microsoft for Zoom license and MS Office 365 A1. Amit Kumar Sah Due to this agreement, CDP family (faculties, students) got their official e-mails in Bikash Sapkota own domain (@cdp.tu.edu.np). Also, the most evident impact on teachers is the Mahesh Aryal expectation, if not the demand, of the continuity of teaching activity using a virtual Niraj Kumar Shah modality. It is clear that the temporary cessation globally of face-to-face activities Prashrit Baruwal has been a huge disruptor of the functions of TU. The impact of this disruption is Sagar Rawal highly variable and depends, first, on their ability to remain active in their Sanjeev Shapkota academic activities and, second, on their financial sustainability. Finally, CDP Sarita Lawaju conducted online classes to first, third and fourth semesters as well. All faculties of CDP get involved in the online classes. They got opportunity to learn the tools, experimented with the tool, ultimately upgrading teaching professionalism. CDP organized a large number of seminars to connect students and physics faculties of the nation. CDP run about 450 virtual classes of 90 minutes long to the first, Publisher second, third and fourth semester students, and 45 seminars from abroad, 20 ©Central Department of Physics, seminars from Nepal, PhD biannual presentation, 11 M.Sc. dissertation viva-voce Tribhuvan University examination, 23 term paper viva-voce examinations. CDP also conducted five (two Kirtipur, Kathmandu, 01-4331054 to first semester, and one each to second, third and fourth semesters) time-bound Email: [email protected] open-book examination for internal assessment. All together, CDP engaged more Website: www.tucdp.edu.np about 840 hours (~35 days) in last 8 months. In addition, CDP launches YouTube channel in which 120 videos of the classes and seminars have been uploaded. Our teaching materials have been viewed for 7000+ hours in last five months. This really a very good achievement. Now CDP is planning to organize practical classes Print through online. TU Press, TU, Kirtipur The publication of the 13th volume of Symmetry has been possible due to the tireless effort from Prof. Dr. Binil Aryal, HoD of CDP, and the cooperation from Indivisual Price: Rs. 500/- all the members of Symmetry Publishing Committee. We also thank all students, Institutional Price: Rs. 1000/- staffs for their help and all the writers who provided their valuable articles to enrichen our magazine. - Editorial Board Symmetry XIII (2019) 3 Contents Dedicated Articles on Lev Landau 1. Cover Story 1: Life of Lev Landau Sarita Lawaju 4 2. Cover Story 2: The Theoretical Minimum Prashrit Baruwal 6 3. Cover Story 3: Landau Quantization Mahesh Aryal 9 4. Cover Story 4: Lev Landau’s Academic …. Sagar Rawal 12 5. Cover Story 5: Superfluidity : Lev Landau’s Landmark Amit Kumar Sah 14 6. Cover Story 6: Lev Landau and his Course of Theoretical Physics Niraj Kumar Shah 16 7. Cover Story 7: Superconductivity and Landau: Success ……. Bikash Sapkota 18 Experience of Our Student During C-19 Pandemic 8. My Online Classes and Painful COVID-19 Devendra Singh Dhami 20 9. COVID-19: A Reminder to the World Amrit Nepal 20 10. Pandemics and Its Effects Asmita Pudasainee 21 11. Covid-19: Impacts and opportunities Dhiraj Ghimire 21 12. We, Students & the Battle Against Covid-19 Durga Bhattarai 22 13. COVID – 19, A Global Challenge Indira Adhikari 23 14. Global Pandemic: A New Experience Jeevan Poudel 23 15. An Exam for Whole Humanity & Me as a Student Kamal Pandey 24 16. COVID-19: Disease-X? Sujan Basnet 25 17. COVID-19 Pandemic: An Opportunity in Disguise Lokendra Singh Dhami 25 18. Being Physically Distant and Socially Close Manoj Kumar Shrestha 27 19. Personal Experience during COVID – 19 Nabin Bhagat 27 20. COVID-19 Lockdown as an Opportunity to make …. Nabin Bhattarai 28 21. COVID-19 Pandemic: Breakdown or Breakthrough? Prakash Dawadi 29 22. COVID Gyaan Rabina Thapa Magar 29 23. Covid-19: Pandemic and Change Raju Bhusal 30 24. My Experience Ramesh Jethara 30 25. Opportunity for Self-growth Rojila Ghimire 31 26. A Vast Sea of Kindness Suresh Chaudhary 32 27. Covid-19, Beginning of Well Disciplinary Era Akash Subedi 32 28. 2020, A Year Lost and Found Diksha Neupane 33 29. I don’t fear anymore from now Kalpana Kumari Chaudhary 33 30. Most Beautiful Thing Discovered! Mohan Bikram Neupane 34 31. Coconut in Quarantine Swastika Dahal 35 32. Me, Covid and My Life Bibek Chaudhary 36 CDP Activities During C-19 Pandemic 33. त्रिविमा Online Class संचालनको सम्भािना र चनु ौती Prof. Dr. Binil Aryal et al. 37 34. Online Seminars: Forty Six Online Seminars in 5 Months CDP Activities 44 35. Online First, Second, Third & Fourth Semester Classes CDP Activities 52 36. Online Open Book Examination CDP Activities 56 37. Online Dissertation and Term Paper Presentations CDP Activities 57 38. CDP YouTube Channel News 58 39. CDP Publications (2019-2020) News 59 40. Two Ph.D. Awarded in 2020` News 62 41. PhD Biannual Progress Report Presentation (Srawan 2077) News 62 42. Faculty, Staff and Student Profile Profiles 63 43. Official e-mail address of CDP students Profiles 80 Symmetry XIII (2019) 4 COVER STORY - 1 Life of Lev Landau Sarita Lawaju M.Sc. (Physics), Fourth Semester, CDP, TU, Kirtipur ABSTRACT Landau believed in free life and was strict when it came to physics. He never hesitated to put forward his opinions on anything, which led him to spend his one year life in prison. He was awarded many awards and respected immensely. His demise looted one of the best scientists of all time. Lev Davidovich Landau, a great soviet physicist, and a him. People who were close to him would describe him Nobel Laureate was born in Russian Empire (now as gentle, charming, approachable, benevolent, known as Baku, Azerbaijan) in 22 January 1908. He was uncommonly just and a person with great-heart [3]. But the second child of Jewish couple: David Lvovich at the same time he was also known as ruthless, arrogant, Landau (father), a petroleum engineer and Lyuobov egoccentric, bigoted, intemperant and impetous. Veniaminovna Garkavi Landau (mother) who worked as Landau, as described by his niece Ella Ryndina, a physician and a gynecologist. Their first child Sonya was tall with thin body, curved nose and wide forehead. Landau pursued her career as a chemical engineer [1]. He had curly hair and rabbit front teeth [4]. According to Ella, Landau would recite poems in family gatherings and visits which shows that he loved literature and different form of arts but disliked music.
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