One Hundred Years

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

One Hundred Years ONE HUNDRED YEARS BEING THE SHORT HISTORY OF THE CHURCH MISSIONARY SOCIETY "1tbou ebalt remember all tbe wa'!? wblcb tbe 1orb tb'!? Gob kb tbec." ,DET. Tiii. ! ~birlJ <$bition LONDON CHURCH MISSIONARY SOCIETY SALISBURY SQUARE, E.C. 1899 PREFACE. HIS little book has been written for publication in advance of the complete· History of the Church Missionary Society. The greater part of it con­ sists of a very brief summary of some of the facts D given in the larger work ; and here and there sentences and paragraphs are actually reproduced from the still unpublished volumes. But part of Chapter IX., and Chapters X. and XI., have had to be written before the corresponding portions of the complete History. · To many of the most · important parts of the complete History, however, there is nothing corresponding in these pages. For the History dwells at some length upon the environment of the Society at different periods in the century, that is to say, upon the state of the Church of England at home, noticing various religious movements, developments, and controversies, and introducing such men as Bishops Blomfield and Wilberforce, Archbishops Tait and Benson, Lords Shaftesbury and Cairns, Sir Arthur Blackwood and Mr. Pennefather, Bishop Ryle and Canon Hoare. Also upon the progress of Christian Missions generally, with references to the work of men like Bishops Selwyn, Patteson, and Steere, of Morrison, Livingstone, and Hudson Taylor. Also upon public events and affairs abroad which have affected Missions, such as the Slave Trade, African Exploration, the Opium Traffic, the colonization of New Zealand, and a whole series of important events in India. Many great Anglo­ Indians meet us, such as Charles Grant, Lord W. Bentinck, Alexander Duff, Bishops Heber, Wilson, and Cotton ; Dalhousie and Canning, Henry and John Lawrence, Mont­ gomery and Edwardes and Frere. In the limited space avail­ able in this small volume, such matters and such men can scarcely be noticed. At the end of each chapter, however, up to Chapter IX. there are references to the chapters of the complete History which deal more fully with the topics of the period. But this could not be done with Chapters X. and XI. because, as above stated, they have had to be written before the corresponding portions of the complete History. Each chapter of this volume, except the first and the last~ contains the events of a decade, ten chapters teping the story IV Preface. of the ten decades. The periods thus successively treated do not correspond with the successive periods into which the complete History is divided, the latter not being decades, but generally longer periods, requiring many chapters. It is important to bear this in mind, because the statistical figures introduced here and there in these pages are different from, and independent of, the statistical figures in the complete History. Thus, for example, one of the periods of the complete History ends with 1872; but the arrangement of this volume brings the nearly corresponding period to an end in 1869. The numbers of missionaries, &c., mentioned, therefore, are not parallel. The result, however, is that a comparison of the two works will furnish additional figures to the reader who cares for them. References to authorities are not given in this small book. They are abundantly provided in the complete History. It is earnestly hoped that many readers of One Hundred Years will be sufficiently interested to proceed to the larger work. If so, one principal oqiect of the present volume will be fulfilled. But a still more important object is to stir the hearts of the readers, first, with a sense of the abounding goodness and wonderful providence of God in the history of the Society; secondly, with a sense of the needs of the great enterprise for the evangelization of the world, and of its claims upon us for fresh and persevering effort. To this end the writer prays for a blessing upon these pages from the gracious hand of that "same Lord over all " Who is "rich unto all that call upon Him." E. S. NOTE TO SECOND EDITION. A few slight corrections are made in this edition. The principal are-" 1848 for 1849," at p. 71, line 19; and "Christ's College" for "St. Catherine's," at p. 91, third line from bottom. Two additions have also been made, (1) The Sowers' Band is just mentioned at p. 141. (2) The names of other Secretaries are given at p. 153. E. S. Nor. 14th, 1898. NOTE TO THIRD EDITION. Several slight corrections are made in this edition. The principal are-at p. 8, line 5, and p. 9, last line, insert " the Heathen of" before "India" ; at p. 20, line 2j!, after "S.P.C.K." insert" (for lack of English­ men) " ; pp. 68 and 118, words to show that Mrs. Krapf's grave is only ,iear Frere Town; pp. 122, line 5, and p. 132, line 9, for "nephew" read "cousin"; p. 165, line 1, insert appointment of Rev, H.J. Foss. Feb. J..st, 1899, E.S, CONTENTS. CHAPTER PA.CJ• I. ONE HUNDRED YEARS AGO 1 The World in 1799-What had the Church of England done ?-The S.P.C.K. and S.P.G.-State of the Country - State of the Church-The Evangelical Revival-The Clapham Sect-Were the Evangelica,ls dominant ?-The Twelve Events of 1786-The Eclectic Society's Discus­ sions-William Carey-T4e L.M.S.-Chas. Simeon's Paper-The C.M.S. Established-First Proceedings­ Why ·start a new Society ?-L.M.S. not desirable ; S.P.G. not possible-The Society's Missionary Principles. II. NINETY YEARS AGO (1800-1809) 16 The Year 1809-Looking back to 1800-The new Society's Needs: Fields, Money, Men-The First Anniversary­ Scott and Pratt-Henry Martyn-The first Germans to West Africa-Abolition of the Slave-Trade-Lay Settlers for New Zealand-The Dark Period in India-The Chaplains-Simeon's Faith-Claudius Buchanan. III. EIGHTY YEARS AGO (1809-1819) 26 The Year 1819-Great Advance-First President-First Offices--First Public Meetings-India Debates-Wilber­ force's Victory-First Bishop for India-Abdul Masih­ First C.M.S. Missionaries to India-First Local Associa­ tions-First Deputations-The Bath Meeting-S.P.G. and C.M.S.-Help to other Societies-E. Bickersteth: His Visit to West Africa-W. A. B. Johnson at Sierra Leone-New Zealand Mission begun-Overthrow of Napoleon-State of England-Efforts to revive Eastern Churches. vi Contents. CH.APTER l'AGK IV. SEVENTY YEARS AGO (18l!J-1829) 39 The Year 1829-Edward Bickersteth-Sombre Reports­ The Deaths at Sierra Leone-Trials in New Zealand­ Henry and William Williams-First Maori Converts -Mediterranean Mission-Travancore Syrian Church­ India: BishopHeber,Converts, Miss Cooke, Tinnevelly­ Islington College-Divisions at Home-Prayer at Public Meetings. V. SIXTY YEARS AGO (1829-1839) 52 The Year 1839-Queen Victoria-Improvements in the Church-Deaths of Wilberforce and Simeon-The Earl of Chichester-Henry Venn-Some eminent Mission­ aries-Abyssinia Mission-New Holland Mission-Zulu Mission-West Indies Mission-Buxton and the Aboli­ tion of Slavery-Sierra Leone-New Zealand: Darwin and Marsden-Rupert's Land-China-India: New Bishops, Lord W. Bentinck's Reforms, Duff and Educa­ tion-Krishnagar Movement-Tinnevelly: Secession of Rhenius-Travancore-John Tucker. VI. FIFTY YEARS AGO (1839-1849) 63 The Great Year 1841 and its Events-Archbishops and Bishops join C.M.S.-Henry Venn Hon. Secretary-The Financial CrisiR-Fox and Noble-Niger Expedition: Prince Albert; Samuel Crowther-New Yoruba Mission -Krapf in East Africa-Rehmann discovers Kilimanjaro -China War-China Mission-Bishops Smith and Anderson-New Zealand a British Colony-Bishop Selwyn-The Year 1848-Europe and England-Survey of the Fifty Years-The Jubilee Commemoration. VII. FORTY YEARS AGO (1849-1859) 76 A Decade of Advance-C.M.S. and the Papal Aggression­ New Men from the Universities-A" Policy of Faith" announced-India: French, Stuart, Pfander at Agra­ Conquest of the Punjab-James Thomason's Men­ Punjab Mission-Remarkable Converts in India-Pro­ gress in the South-Ragland-Ceylon-Palestine Mis­ sion-Krapf's great Schemes-East African Travellers -Yoruba Mission: The Queen and Crowther; Venn and the Cotton Trade-First Three Bishops of Sierra Leone -China: the T'aip'ings-Extension in North-West America-The Crimean War-Turkey Mission-The Indian Mutiny-The Great Neutrality Controversy­ Oudh Mission-The Annus Mirabilis, 1858-Ecclesi­ astical Controversies-The Palmerston Bishops-New Evangelistic Movements. Contents. vii CHAPTER PAGR VIII. THIRTY YEARS AGO (1859-1869) 95 A Period of Depression-Yet Good Years at. first-New Men-New House-The Revival of 1859-Controversies, Rationalistic and Ritualistic-Native Church Organiza­ tion-Bishop Crowther-Reverses in Africa-War and Apostasy in New Zealand-Madagascar Mission-Ad­ vance in China-Opening of Japan-Metlakahtla­ Bishop Machray-Indian Christian Statesmen-Bishops Cotton and Gell-The Brahmo Samaj-Varied Work in India-Notable Conversions-Deaths of Leading Mis­ sionaries-French and Knott-H. Venn in Old Age. IX, TWENTY YEARS AGO (1869-1879) • . 112 A Decade of Change-Failure of Men and Means at its Com­ mencement-Death of Venn-Henry Wright-Day of Intercession-More Candidates and Enlarged Income­ New Dioceses in Rupert's Land-Occupation of Japan­ Death of Livingstone-Establishment of Frere Town -Forward Steps in Yoruba-Persia Mission begun­ Mohammedan Conference-Extension in Palestine­ Bislrops and Native Clergy in China-The Nyanza Expedition-Developments in India-Ceylon Con­ troversy-Church Movements and Spiritual Movements at Home-Their Effects on Missions. X. TEN YEARS AGO (1879-1889) • . 128 A Decade of Great Events-Financial Difficulties-Death of H.
Recommended publications
  • The Magdalen Hospital : the Story of a Great Charity
    zs c: CCS = CD in- CD THE '//////i////t//t/i//n///////.'/ CO « m INCOKM<i%^2r mmammmm ^X^^^Km . T4 ROBERT DINGLEY, F. R. S. KINDLY LENT BY DINGLEY AFTER THE FROM AN ENGRAVING ( JOHN ESQ.) IN THE BOARD ROOM OF THE HOSPITAL PAINTING BY W. HOARE ( I760) Frontispiece THE MAGDALEN HOSPITAL THE STORY OF A GREAT CHARITY BY THE REV. H. F. B. COMPSTON, M.A., ASSISTANT PROFESSOR OP HEBREW AT KING'S COLLEGE, LONDON PROFESSOR OF DIVINITY AT QUEEN'S COLLEGE, LONDON WITH FOREWORD BY THE MOST REVEREND THE ARCHBISHOP OF CANTERBURY PRESIDENT OF THE MAGDALEN HOSPITAL WITH TWENTY ILLUSTRATIONS SOCIETY FOR PROMOTING CHRISTIAN KNOWLEDGE LONDON: 68, HAYMARKET, S.W. 1917 AD MAIOREM DEI GLORIAM M\ FOREWORD It is a great satisfaction to me to be allowed to introduce with a word of commendation Mr. Compston's admirable history of the Magdalen Hospital. The interest with which I have read his pages will I am sure be shared by all who have at heart the well-being of an Institution which occupies a unique place in English history, although happily there is not anything unique nowadays in the endeavour which the Magdalen Hospital makes in face of a gigantic evil. The story Mr. Compston tells gives abundant evidence of the change for the better in public opinion regarding this crying wrong and its remedy. It shows too the growth of a sounder judg- ment as to the methods of dealing with it. For every reason it is right that this book should have been written, and Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • THE LAWRENCES of the PUNJAB All Rights Reserved
    Presented to the LIBRARY of the UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO by JOHN ENGLISH THE LAWRENCES OF THE PUNJAB All rights reserved THE LAWRENCES OF THE PUNJAB BY FREDERICK P. GIBBON AUTHOR OF "THE RECORD OF THE SIKHS," " THE GURKHA SCOUTS," ETC. 1908 LONDON: J. M. DENT & CO. NEW YORK: E. P. DUTTON & CO. TO FIELD-MARSHAL THE RIGHT HONOURABLE THE EARL ROBERTS, V.C., K.G. THIS BOOK IS (BY HIS PERMISSION) RESPECTFULLY INSCRIBED NOTE For the greater part of the material used in this biography I am indebted to Mr. R. Bosworth Smith's Life of Lord Lawrence, to the Life of Sir Henry Lawrence by Sir Herbert Edwardes and Mr. Merivale, and to Sir John Kaye's History of the Sepoy War and Lives of Indian Officers. My acknowledgments are especially due to Mr. Bosworth Smith for permission freely " to dig in his mine," and I have endeavoured to show appreciation of his courtesy by making copious use of the permission. I take this opportunity of expressing my gratitude also to Lieut. -Colonel D. C. Phillott for the photographs of Punjabis, and to Colonel J. Hay, C.B., for that of the Gurkhas. vii — CONTENTS PAGE Introduction ........ xvii. CHAPTER I— 1806-1822 BOYHOOD The Lawrence Family—Henry's School-days—His Courage John at Foyle College and- Wraxhall—No Indication of Future Greatness ....... 1 CHAPTER II— 1822-1829 HENRY AT DUM-DUM The Bengal Artillery—Padre Craufurd—-War with Burma Invalided Home—Honoria Marshall—The Lawrence Fund . .11 CHAPTER III— 1827-1833 JOHN ENTERS THE CIVIL SERVICE Self-Conquest—Haileybury College—The Brothers sail for India Together .
    [Show full text]
  • Biographical Appendix
    Biographical Appendix The following women are mentioned in the text and notes. Abney- Hastings, Flora. 1854–1887. Daughter of 1st Baron Donington and Edith Rawdon- Hastings, Countess of Loudon. Married Henry FitzAlan Howard, 15th Duke of Norfolk, 1877. Acheson, Theodosia. 1882–1977. Daughter of 4th Earl of Gosford and Louisa Montagu (daughter of 7th Duke of Manchester and Luise von Alten). Married Hon. Alexander Cadogan, son of 5th Earl of Cadogan, 1912. Her scrapbook of country house visits is in the British Library, Add. 75295. Alten, Luise von. 1832–1911. Daughter of Karl von Alten. Married William Montagu, 7th Duke of Manchester, 1852. Secondly, married Spencer Cavendish, 8th Duke of Devonshire, 1892. Grandmother of Alexandra, Mary, and Theodosia Acheson. Annesley, Katherine. c. 1700–1736. Daughter of 3rd Earl of Anglesey and Catherine Darnley (illegitimate daughter of James II and Catherine Sedley, Countess of Dorchester). Married William Phipps, 1718. Apsley, Isabella. Daughter of Sir Allen Apsley. Married Sir William Wentworth in the late seventeenth century. Arbuthnot, Caroline. b. c. 1802. Daughter of Rt. Hon. Charles Arbuthnot. Stepdaughter of Harriet Fane. She did not marry. Arbuthnot, Marcia. 1804–1878. Daughter of Rt. Hon. Charles Arbuthnot. Stepdaughter of Harriet Fane. Married William Cholmondeley, 3rd Marquess of Cholmondeley, 1825. Aston, Barbara. 1744–1786. Daughter and co- heir of 5th Lord Faston of Forfar. Married Hon. Henry Clifford, son of 3rd Baron Clifford of Chudleigh, 1762. Bannister, Henrietta. d. 1796. Daughter of John Bannister. She married Rev. Hon. Brownlow North, son of 1st Earl of Guilford, 1771. Bassett, Anne. Daughter of Sir John Bassett and Honor Grenville.
    [Show full text]
  • Anglicanism and the British Empire, 1829-1910
    Edinburgh Research Explorer Anglicanism and the British Empire, 1829-1910 Citation for published version: Brown, S 2017, Anglicanism and the British Empire, 1829-1910. in R Strong (ed.), The Oxford History of Anglicanism: Partisan Anglicanism and its Global Expansion, 1829-c.1914 . vol. III, Oxford History of Anglicanism, Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 45-68. Link: Link to publication record in Edinburgh Research Explorer Document Version: Peer reviewed version Published In: The Oxford History of Anglicanism Publisher Rights Statement: Brown, S. (2017). Anglicanism and the British Empire, 1829-1910. In R. Strong (Ed.), The Oxford History of Anglicanism: Partisan Anglicanism and its Global Expansion, 1829-c.1914 . (Vol. III, pp. 45-68). (Oxford History of Anglicanism). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Reproduced by permission of Oxford University Press General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Edinburgh Research Explorer is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy The University of Edinburgh has made every reasonable effort to ensure that Edinburgh Research Explorer content complies with UK legislation. If you believe that the public display of this file breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 02. Oct. 2021 Anglicanism in the British Empire, 1829-1910 Stewart J Brown In 1849, Daniel Wilson, the Evangelical Anglican bishop of Calcutta and metropolitan of India, published a Charge to his clergy.
    [Show full text]
  • The Berkeleys of Canterbury
    Archaeologia Cantiana Vol. 69 1955 THE BERKELEYS OF CANTERBURY AN EIGHTEENTH CENTURY STUDY By DOKOTHY GARDINER, F.S.A. I RECENTLY became possessed (from a second-hand bookseller's cata- logue) of a copy of the will of Mrs. Eliza Berkeley, the wife of George Berkeley, Canon of Canterbury in the sixth Prebend, 1768-95. The will is contained in a small neatly bound volume, clearly written and carefully indexed. Mrs. Berkeley speaks of having a fair copy made of certain " scralled sheets " on which she had written, and subsequently altered and interlined, her last will and testament. Mine would seem to be the copy in question, for there are pencilled notes by Mrs. Berkeley in the margins. She died in 1800, and had left the Precincts, Canter- bury, five years earlier, on her husband, the Canon's, death. She had also left Canterbury and was living at Chertsey, and, when the end came, at Cheltenham. But her memory of the Precincts and her Kentish entourage was very vivid, and with her help and the contem- porary biographies of some of her friends, together with the Minutes of the Dean and Chapter in her husband's time, one may create a picture of Canterbury life during the latter half of the eighteenth century and bring to view certain very interesting people. II The Precincts seems not to have been at this time a very quiet place. Soldiers had been in the habit of parading and exercising there, causing so much inconvenience that, at Midsummer, 1780, the Dean and Chapter forbade the practice, though a few months later they so far relented as to allow parade " for the purpose and during the time of roll-call only "—at the discretion of the Dean or Vice-Dean.
    [Show full text]
  • Download a Pdf File of This Issue for Free
    Issue 81: John Newton: Author of “Amazing Grace” John Newton: Did You Know? Interesting and unusual facts about John Newton's life and times Newton the muse Did Newton inspire the writers of Europe's Romantic movement? Various critics have seen him as anticipating Blake's prophetic vision, or as a source for Coleridge's "Rime of the Ancient Mariner" or for episodes in Wordsworth's "Prelude." Man in the middle Even John Wesley recognized the role Newton played in forging a "center" for evangelical Christianity. He wrote to Newton, "You appear to be designed by Divine Providence for an healer of breaches, a reconciler of honest but prejudiced men, and an uniter (happy work!) of the children of God that are needlessly divided from each other." Yes, that's 216 welts When caught attempting to leave the Royal Navy, into which he had been impressed against his will, Newton was whipped 24 times with a cat-o'-nine-tails (similar to the whip in the eighteenth-century scene above). This was actually the lighter punishment for going absent without leave. He could have been hung for desertion. Those … blessed Yankees In June of 1775, after news of the first shots of the War of American Independence broke, Newton's Olney parishioners held an impromptu early-morning prayer meeting. Newton reported to Lord Dartmouth, Olney's Lord of the Manor and Secretary of State for the American Colonies, that between 150 and 200 people turned out at five o'clock in the morning. Newton spoke about the state of the nation, and for an hour the group sang and prayed together.
    [Show full text]
  • International Bulletin of Missionary Research, Vol 36, No. 3
    Vol. 36, No. 3 July 2012 Faith, Flags, and Identities n March 24–25, 2011, Duke Divinity School, Durham, ONorth Carolina, hosted a two-day conference focused on the somewhat cumbersome theme “Saving the World? The On Page Changing Terrain of American Protestant Missions, 1910 to the 115 Change and Continuity in American Protestant Present” (see http://isae.wheaton.edu/projects/missions). Orga- Foreign Missions nized and sponsored by Wheaton College’s Institute for the Study Edith L. Blumhofer of American Evangelicals, the conference involved nearly one hundred academ- 115 The Presbyterian Church in Canada’s Mission ics, who presented to Canada’s Native Peoples, 1900–2000 and listened to Peter Bush papers and lec- 122 Pentecostal Missions and the Changing tures exploring the Character of Global Christianity evolving nature of Heather D. Curtis American Protes- The Sister Church Phenomenon: A Case Study tant missions since 129 of the Restructuring of American Christianity the Edinburgh Against the Backdrop of Globalization World Mission- ary Conference of Janel Kragt Bakker 1910, and who dis- 136 Changes in African American Mission: cussed the nation’s Rediscovering African Roots Courtesy of Affordable Creations, http://peggymunday.blogspot.com continuing influ- Mark Ellingsen ence on Christianity globally. This issue of the journal is pleased to 138 Noteworthy feature five of the papers presented at this conference. “Americans,” the late Tony Judt observed, “have trouble 143 The Wesleys of Blessed Memory: Hagiography, with the idea that they are not the world’s most heroic warriors Missions, and the Study of World Methodism or that their soldiers have not fought harder and died braver Jason E.
    [Show full text]
  • History of the Church Missionary Society", by E
    Durham E-Theses The voluntary principle in education: the contribution to English education made by the Clapham sect and its allies and the continuance of evangelical endeavour by Lord Shaftesbury Wright, W. H. How to cite: Wright, W. H. (1964) The voluntary principle in education: the contribution to English education made by the Clapham sect and its allies and the continuance of evangelical endeavour by Lord Shaftesbury, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/9922/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk 2 THE VOLUNTARY PRINCIPLE IN EDUCATION: THE CONTRIBUTION TO ENGLISH EDUCATION MADE BY THE CLAPHAil SECT AND ITS ALLIES AM) THE CONTINUAi^^CE OP EVANGELICAL EI-JDEAVOUR BY LORD SHAFTESBURY. A thesis for the degree of MoEd., by H. T7right, B.A. Table of Contents Chapter 1 The Evangelical Revival
    [Show full text]
  • 1 TRIBE and STATE in WAZIRISTAN 1849-1883 Hugh Beattie Thesis
    1 TRIBE AND STATE IN WAZIRISTAN 1849-1883 Hugh Beattie Thesis presented for PhD degree at the University of London School of Oriental and African Studies 1997 ProQuest Number: 10673067 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10673067 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 2 ABSTRACT The thesis begins by describing the socio-political and economic organisation of the tribes of Waziristan in the mid-nineteenth century, as well as aspects of their culture, attention being drawn to their egalitarian ethos and the importance of tarburwali, rivalry between patrilateral parallel cousins. It goes on to examine relations between the tribes and the British authorities in the first thirty years after the annexation of the Punjab. Along the south Waziristan border, Mahsud raiding was increasingly regarded as a problem, and the ways in which the British tried to deal with this are explored; in the 1870s indirect subsidies, and the imposition of ‘tribal responsibility’ are seen to have improved the position, but divisions within the tribe and the tensions created by the Second Anglo- Afghan War led to a tribal army burning Tank in 1879.
    [Show full text]
  • Copyright © 2016 Larry Wren Sowders, Jr. All Rights Reserved. The
    Copyright © 2016 Larry Wren Sowders, Jr. All rights reserved. The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary has permission to reproduce and disseminate this document in any form by any means for purposes chosen by the Seminary, including, without limitation, preservation or instruction. THE PREACHING OF JOHN NEWTON (1725-1807): A GOSPEL-CENTRIC, PASTORAL HOMILETIC OF BIBLICAL EXPOSITION __________________ A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary __________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy __________________ by Larry Wren Sowders, Jr. May 2016 APPROVAL SHEET THE PREACHING OF JOHN NEWTON (1725-1807): A GOSPEL-CENTRIC, PASTORAL HOMILETIC OF BIBLICAL EXPOSITION Larry Wren Sowders, Jr. Read and Approved by: __________________________________________ Hershael W. York (Chair) __________________________________________ Robert A. Vogel __________________________________________ Michael A. G. Haykin Date______________________________ I dedicate this dissertation to my wife, Angela, whose faithfulness, diligence, and dedicated service to Christ and to others never cease to amaze and inspire me. “Many daughters have done nobly, but you excel them all.” (Prov 31:29) TABLE OF CONTENTS Page PREFACE . vi Chapter 1. THE STUDY OF JOHN NEWTON AND HIS PREACHING . 1 Introduction . 1 Thesis . 6 Background . 7 Methodology . 8 Summary of Content . 11 2. NEWTON’S LIFE AND MINISTRY . 14 Early Years and Life at Sea . 14 Africa and Conversion . 16 Marriage and Call to Ministry . 19 Ministry in Olney and London . 25 Final Years and Death . 33 3. NEWTON’S PREACHING AND THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY . 36 An Overview of Newton’s Preaching . 36 The Eighteenth-Century Context . 54 The Pulpit in Eighteenth-Century England . 58 4.
    [Show full text]
  • The Activity and Influence of the Established Church in England, C. 1800-1837
    The Activity and Influence of the Established Church in England, c. 1800-1837 Nicholas Andrew Dixon Pembroke College, Cambridge This dissertation is submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. November 2018 Declaration This dissertation is the result of my own work and includes nothing which is the outcome of work done in collaboration except as declared in the Preface and specified in the text. It is not substantially the same as any that I have submitted, or, is being concurrently submitted for a degree or diploma or other qualification at the University of Cambridge or any other University or similar institution except as declared in the Preface and specified in the text. I further state that no substantial part of my dissertation has already been submitted, or, is being concurrently submitted for any such degree, diploma or other qualification at the University of Cambridge or any other University or similar institution except as declared in the Preface and specified in the text. It does not exceed the prescribed word limit for the relevant Degree Committee. Nicholas Dixon November 2018 ii Thesis Summary The Activity and Influence of the Established Church in England, c. 1800-1837 Nicholas Andrew Dixon Pembroke College, Cambridge This thesis examines the various ways in which the Church of England engaged with English politics and society from c. 1800 to 1837. Assessments of the early nineteenth-century Church of England remain coloured by a critique originating in radical anti-clerical polemics of the period and reinforced by the writings of the Tractarians and Élie Halévy. It is often assumed that, in consequence of social and political change, the influence of a complacent and reactionary church was irreparably eroded by 1830.
    [Show full text]
  • Transactions of the Shropshire Archaeological and Historical Society
    ISSN 0143-5175 Shropshire History and Archaeology Transactions of the Shropshire Archaeological and Historical Society (incorporating the Shropshire Parish Register Society) VOLUME LXXXVII edited by D. T. W. Price SHREWSBURY 2012 (ISSUED IN 2014) © Shropshire Archaeological and Historical Society 2014 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of the Shropshire Archaeological and Historical Society. Produced and printed by 4word Ltd., Bristol COUNCIL AND OFFICERS 1 APRIL 2014 President SIR NEIL COSSONS, O.B.E., M.A., F.S.A. Vice-Presidents ERNIE JENKS MADGE MORAN, F.S.A. M. UNA REES, B.A., PH.D. B. S. TRINDER, M.A., PH.D., F.S.A. Elected Members NIGEL BAKER, B.A., PH.D., F.S.A., M.I.F.A. MARY F. MCKENZIE, M.A., M.AR.AD. NEIL CLARKE, B.A. MARTIN SPEIGHT, B.A., PH.D. ROBERT CROMARTY, B.A. ROGER WHITE, B.A., PH.D., M.I.F.A. HUGH HANNAFORD, M.I.F.A. ANDYWIGLEY, B.SC., M.A., PH.D., F.S.A., P.C.H.E. W. F. HODGES Chairman JAMES LawsON, M.A., Westcott Farm, Habberley, Shrewsbury SY5 0SQ Hon. Secretary and Hon. Publications Secretary G. C. BAUGH, M.A., F.S.A., Glebe House, Vicarage Road, Shrewsbury SY3 9EZ Hon. Treasurer FRANCESCA BUMPUS, M.A., PH.D., 9 Alexandra Avenue, Meole Brace, Shrewsbury SY3 9HT Hon. Membership Secretary PENNY WARD, M.A., M.I.F.A., 1 Crewe Street, Shrewsbury SY3 9QF Hon.
    [Show full text]