ISSN 0143-5175 Shropshire History and Archaeology Transactions of the Shropshire Archaeological and Historical Society (incorporating the Shropshire Parish Register Society) VOLUME LXXXVII edited by D. T. W. Price SHREWSBURY 2012 (ISSUED IN 2014) © Shropshire Archaeological and Historical Society 2014 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of the Shropshire Archaeological and Historical Society. Produced and printed by 4word Ltd., Bristol COUNCIL AND OFFICERS 1 APRIL 2014 President SIR NEIL COSSONS, O.B.E., M.A., F.S.A. Vice-Presidents ERNIE JENKS MADGE MORAN, F.S.A. M. UNA REES, B.A., PH.D. B. S. TRINDER, M.A., PH.D., F.S.A. Elected Members NIGEL BAKER, B.A., PH.D., F.S.A., M.I.F.A. MARY F. MCKENZIE, M.A., M.AR.AD. NEIL CLARKE, B.A. MARTIN SPEIGHT, B.A., PH.D. ROBERT CROMARTY, B.A. ROGER WHITE, B.A., PH.D., M.I.F.A. HUGH HANNAFORD, M.I.F.A. ANDYWIGLEY, B.SC., M.A., PH.D., F.S.A., P.C.H.E. W. F. HODGES Chairman JAMES LawsON, M.A., Westcott Farm, Habberley, Shrewsbury SY5 0SQ Hon. Secretary and Hon. Publications Secretary G. C. BAUGH, M.A., F.S.A., Glebe House, Vicarage Road, Shrewsbury SY3 9EZ Hon. Treasurer FRANCESCA BUMPUS, M.A., PH.D., 9 Alexandra Avenue, Meole Brace, Shrewsbury SY3 9HT Hon. Membership Secretary PENNY WARD, M.A., M.I.F.A., 1 Crewe Street, Shrewsbury SY3 9QF Hon. Editor THE REVD. CANON D. T. W. PRICE, M.A., F.S.A., F.R.HIST.S. 57 Kynaston Drive, Wem, Shrewsbury SY4 5DE Hon. Editor of the Newsletter SHELAGH HAMPTON, M.A., B.PHIL., 7 Elstree Close, Meole Brace, Shrewsbury SY3 9QF Joint Hon. Meetings Secretaries DAVID POYNER, M.A., PH.D., 136 Hoo Road, Kidderminster DY10 1LP DAVID PANNETT, B.A., Merton, Shepherds Lane, Bicton, Shrewsbury SY3 8BT The Council is not responsible for any statement made, or opinion expressed, in the Transactions of the Society CONTENTS The Whetstone Blanks from the Forum Gutter at Roman Wroxeter: the Case for Provenance by J. R. L. Allen and A. C. Scott . 1 Aspects of Welsh Settlement in the Upper Teme and Clun Valleys: The Manor of Tempseter in the Lordship of Clun, by P. G. Barton . 13 A Medieval Tombstone at St. Martins, near Oswestry, by Lawrence Butler . 31 The Depiction of Children on the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Century Tombs in Kinlet Church by Elizabeth Norton . 35 ‘Noyfull Fowles and Vermin’: The Statutory Control of Wildlife in Shropshire, 1532–1861 by Ralph W. Collingwood . 47 Illuminating the Silent Enclosure Process – Evidence from North West Shropshire, by S. M. Varey . 81 ‘The Strongest Works in England’?: The Defences of Shrewsbury during the Civil Wars, 1642–1651 by Jonathan Worton . 95 Evangelising Georgian Shrewsbury, by Barbara Coulton . 113 The First Shropshire Mycologist and Lichenologist: Thomas Salwey, Vicar of Oswestry by Thomas Preece . 125 Signing the Pledge: Oswestry’s Temperance Movement, by Carol James . 127 Report Shropshire Archives Report for 2012 and 2013, by Mary McKenzie . 135 Book Reviews . 138 Richard Bryant with Michael Hare, Corpus of Anglo-Saxon Stone Sculpture, Volume X: The Western Midlands, by Cameron Moffett . 138 R. Collingwood, Shawbury: the People and how they Lived, 1538–1725, by James Lawson . 139 M. A. Faraday (ed.), Deeds of the Palmers’ Gild of Ludlow, by Martin Speight . 140 M. Moran, The Guildhall, Ludlow, by Margaret Clark . 141 S. M Varey and G. J. White (eds.), Landscape History Discoveries in the North West, by William Price . 141 Obituary Christopher John Phillpotts, M.A., Ph.D., F.S.A. (1954–2013) . 143 Front Cover: Kinlet Parish Church (see pages 35-46). NOTES ON CONTRIBUTORS John Allen is an Emeritus Professor who trained as a geologist, but who has over 30 years become increasingly involved in Archaeology, with research interests in the archaeological use of stone, especially in Roman Britain, and in nineteenth-century ecclesiastical geology in the central-south of England. Peter George Barton is a former Professor of Biochemistry at the University of Alberta, Canada, who later became a schoolteacher in Shropshire and in St. Vincent and the Grenadines. He has been Editor of the Montgomeryshire Collections for the Powysland Club since 2003. Lawrence Butler worked with the Royal Commission on Ancient Monuments in Wales and was a Lecturer in Medieval Archaeology at Leeds and York. He has served as President of the Yorkshire Archaeological Society and of the Cambrian Archaeological Society. Margaret Clark is a Reformation historian and past Chairman of the Ludlow Historical Research Group, 2008- 2011. Ralph W. Collingwood was a biologist with the Water Research Centre, who developed an interest in local history after he retired. Barbara Coulton began her research in Shrewsbury’s archives in the 1980s, and after moving to Lancaster continued researching and publishing on the history of Shrewsbury as an honorary research fellow at Lancaster University. Carol James lives in Oswestry and was a founder member of the Oswestry and Border Archaeological Group. She runs the U3A Social History Research Group in Oswestry. James Lawson is Chairman of this Society. He was formerly Archivist and Taylor Librarian of Shrewsbury School. Cameron Moffett is English Heritage’s Curator of Archaeology and Collections for the West Territory, which stretches from the Isles of Scilly to North Staffordshire. Based at Boscobel House, she works with collections in store in Hampshire (the south-west sites) and in Bedfordshire (the West Midland sites, including Shropshire). Elizabeth Norton has degrees in Archaeology from Cambridge and Oxford Universities. She is currently working on a PhD in History at King’s College, London, carrying out research into the Blount family of Kinlet in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. She is the author of several non-fiction books, including a biography of Bessie Blount. Thomas Preece is a Doctor of Science of the University of Wales, and was Reader in Plant Pathology in Leeds University before retiring to his native Shropshire to write about nineteenth-century naturalists. Andrew Scott is Emeritus Professor of Geology and a Leverhulme Emeritus Fellow in the Department of Earth Sciences at Royal Holloway College, University of London. He is internationally known for his work on palaeobotany, palynology, coal geology, petrology, geochemistry, and the geological history of wildfire. Martin Speight taught for many years in Ludlow Grammar School and its successor, Ludlow College. He retired in 1997. He was a founder member of the Ludlow Historical Research Group and has published widely. He is a member of Council of this Society. Sharon Varey is a reseacher and tutor, and currently Chair and Publications Editor for the Chester Society for Landscape History. She recently co-edited Landscape History Discoveries in the North West, 2012. Jonathan Worton gained a Master’s degree with distinction in Military History at the University of Chester in 2010. He is currently completing a Doctoral thesis on the war effort of the opposing sides in Shropshire and adjacent counties during the First and Second Civil Wars of 1642-48. He lives near Shrewsbury. NOTES FOR CONTRIBUTORS All contributions should be submitted on CD. A hard copy should also be provided. The author should, where necessary, provide a list of illustration captions and table titles, including acknowledgements and copyright where applicable. It is the author’s responsibility to obtain permission for the use of copyright materials. In archaeological reports English Heritage guidelines may be followed, including Harvard (author date) style. If this is adopted the bibliographical reports should follow the examples below: Biddle, M., 1978: Winchester Studies. Carver, M. O. H., 1978: ‘Early Shrewsbury: an archaeological definition in 1975’, Trans. Shrops. Archaeol. Soc., 59, pt. iii. Other contributors should employ endnote citations following the examples below: D. Knowles, The Religious Orders in England, iii, 1959, 489-90. PRO: E302/1/5-6. VCH Salop, I, 337. C. D. Gilbert, ‘Clubmen in South West Shropshire 1644-45’, Trans. Shrops. Archaeol. Soc., LXVIII, 1993, 95. Contributions should be sent to The Editor, 57 Kynaston Drive, Wem, Shrewsbury SY4 5DE. Telephone 01939-234777 Electronic mail: [email protected] SOCIETY PUBLICATIONS FOR SALE Transactions vols. 59 (2)−59 (3) ............................................................ .£3 60 .............................................................................. £2.50 61 .............................................................................. £6 63 .............................................................................. £2 64 .............................................................................. £4 66−71 ........................................................................ £6 73 .............................................................................. £5 74−79 ........................................................................ £12 80 .............................................................................. £15 81–86 ........................................................................ £10 H. D. G. 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