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Empirical Reflection on the Implementation Effectiveness of Community Empowerment Program in Mount Merbabu National Park

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Empirical Reflection on the Implementation Effectiveness of Community Empowerment Program in Mount Merbabu National Park International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) ISSN: 2277-3878, Volume-7, Issue-6S5, April 2019 Empirical Reflection on the Implementation Effectiveness of Community Empowerment Program in Mount Merbabu National Park Dewi Gunawati Abstract: Poverty is the main problem faced by the buffer sea conservation areas, comprising: (1) mainland zone community in Mount Merbabu National Park. This study conservation area, covering 50 units of national park (TN), aims to examine the effectiveness of the implementation of the 118 Nature Tourism Park (TWA), 22 units of Forest Park Conservation Village Model in MountMerbabu National Park. (Tahura), 14 units of Buru Park (TB), 248 units of Nature Kualitatif Research, Evaluative research method and Comparative study. Data analysis technique used is interactive Reserve (CA) and 75 units of wildlife reserves (SM); and (2) data. Data source: primary dataand secondary data. Primary data marine conservation areas covering 7 units of national parks, is obtained through: a). Interview with the employees of Mount 5 units of nature reserves, 2 wildlife reserves, and 14 units of Merbabu National Park, including (Counselor (Extension), natural tourism parks[3][4]. Functional Staff, and Forest Police), rehabilitation farmer group National parks should be preserved. The management of incorporated in SPKP of Mount Merbabu National Park.The this Park is very complex as it relates to the community in the results of the research: a) The perception of the community is buffer zone, where the public interest is the foundation in very enthusiastic towards the implementation of the Conservation determining the zone or space in Mount Merbabu National Village Model, but empirically, initiated community empowerment (BTNGM) lacks benefits that can be felt Park. Buffer zone serves to reduce population pressure on the significantly by people around the national park, Hence, it has region. Development and management of buffer zones not significantly influenced the increase of the welfare of the through various activities that empower communities in community. b) It has been established an institutional (SPKP), synergy efforts in the economic, environmental, and cultural but it has not functioned as a forum for participatory village aspects of the community. planning, c) The lack of extension workers/counselors impacts on The background of this study focuses on the main problem less intensive implementation of the MDK program, d) The faced by the buffer zone community in Mount Merbabu implemented program is unsustainable. Observing that issue National Park, which is poverty. Referring to the Central requires the reconstruction of community empowerment productive partnership of Merbabu Mountain Conservation. Bureau of Statistics 2009 report, the number of poor people was 32.53 million (14.15%), in 2012 the number of poor Index Terms: Empirical Reflection, Effectiveness, people was 29.13 million (11.96%). In 2013 was 28, 07 Community Empowerment, Mount Merbabu National Park. million people (11.37%). From the total population of Indonesia which amounted to 48.8 million people or 12% lived in and around the forest 10.2 million people or 25% of I. INTRODUCTION which belong to the category of poor (BPS, 2010: 10). Deforestation and forest degradation occurs in developing Poverty is the impact of the application of growth-centric country particularly in tropical regions, are significant development. In practice, the political elite in developing contributors to two of the most pressing global environmental countries often pursue development goals by developing challenges, namely biodiversity loss and climate change overly ambitious legal reform plans.( Otto et all,2000:221). [1][2]. Approximily 75 percent of forest degradation occurs The community of buffer zone of Mount Merbabu National in developing countries, and this is particularly important Park is a poor society that has high dependence on because of the demographic, economic, and social changes conservation area. that continue to exert extensive pressures on forest cover This research takes place in buffer villages in Mount (Archard, 2004) Merbabu National Park, especially in Sampetan Village, Conservation areas are established by the government in Boyolali District. The community of buffer zone is a poor order to preserve ecosystems and biodiversity. The society that has high dependence on conservation area. Government of Indonesia has assigned 527 units of land and Identification of social culture of Sampetan villagers in buffer zone of Mount Merbabu National Park: 1). The population is very dense, the number of population is 5644 with the number of head of family is 535 HH. Livelihoods in the agricultural sector (72.26%) Trade (6.40%) Services (6.96%) 3) Farmers Revised Manuscript Received on December 22, 2018. in rural areas are on a micro scale scale that has a land area Dewi Gunawati, Pancasila and Civic Education (PPKn) Study Program, smaller than 0.3 hectares per house hold. Teacher Training and Education Faculty, SebelasMaret University, Jl.Ir.Sutami No.46 A Surakarta, [email protected], [email protected]. Published By: Retrieval Number:F11600476S519/19©BEIESP Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering 928 & Sciences Publication Empirical Reflection on the Implementation Effectiveness of Community Empowerment Program in Mount Merbabu National Park Rural economic institutions in supporting the agricultural Nature and Nature Conservation Area. In many cases sector as a driver of the rural economy still need to be communities are rarely join in conservation area management improved [5][6]. (Chase et al., 2004) in (Guthiga, 2008). Whereas Approximately 97% of the people around Mount Merbabu communities are the determinants of successful conservation National Park use forest resources as animal feed. area management (Wiggins et al., 2004; Robertson and Approximately 73% utilize firewood and firewood for Lawes. 2005) in the current era, the management of national firewood. People who do not use grass as animal feed, using parks can not be separated from communities living around grass as organic fertilizer for agricultural crops [7]. The need the conservation area conservation.(Borrini-Feyerabend et to improve the management of natural and societal resources all.,2004) In the course of the implementation of the in communities is becoming increasingly evident to urban conservation village model policy encountered various planners in the nordic countries. There are five condition for obstacles and barriers in the field, there is a gap between survaival characteristic to all living system. Sustainability in policy and policy implementation in the field.The human communities is further influenced by the individuals background of the research is imprinted on the problem of the basic needs and preferences. We define six types of valuable ineffectiveness of the implementation of community resources that need to be managed properly to maintain empowerment program that has not been able to realize the sustinability and resilience in any community: natural, welfare and independence of the community. The community individual, social, organisational and economic resources [8]. partnership for self reliance is a novel boundary organization Most of the people around Mount Merbabu National Park that uses community visions for self –reliance , abased on have limited economic, education, health facilities, and local and traditional knowledge, to link bottom up with top access to information. The community also has a high down adaptation planning. We suggest that similar boundary dependence on regional resources. Since the change of strategies can improve the communication of adaptation nomenclature of forest management of Mount Merbabu by needs and opportunities across scales, empowering local Perum Perhutani, it hasgiven access to land use in the communities to select adaptation choiches that fit their own utilization zone through the cultivation of agricultural goals [11][12]. business undertaken under tree stands aiming at the Considering above illustration, the problem formulation in effectiveness of management towards the sustainability of the this research is how effective the implementation of region [9][10]. However, although the community is involved conservation village model in Mount Merbabu National Park in the management of Mount Merbabu National Park, is. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the people's dependence is still high on the region. implementation of conservation village model in support of Efforts are made to overcome the community's dependence community empowerment in the National Park. Results of the on the area through the Implementation community effectiveness of conservation village model implementation empowerment. Empowerment is a social multi-dimensional as a reconstruction recommendation of responsive process that helps people gain control over their lives. community empowerment model based on local community [13][14][15] Empowerment refers to securing access to wisdom that supports community empowerment. In the natural resources and sustainable management[16] spring of 1981, Tuttfts University and the international union Community empowerment aims to enable the self-sufficient for the conservation of nature began teaching the world community to see the capacity to develop and implement conservation strategy to environmentalist working at the local wise arrangements in forest management. Through the
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