Southern Africa, Vol. 8, No. 1

Southern Africa, Vol. 8, No. 1 http://www.aluka.org/action/showMetadata?doi=10.5555/AL.SFF.DOCUMENT.nusa197501 Use of the Aluka digital library is subject to Aluka’s Terms and Conditions, available at http://www.aluka.org/page/about/termsConditions.jsp. By using Aluka, you agree that you have read and will abide by the Terms and Conditions. Among other things, the Terms and Conditions provide that the content in the Aluka digital library is only for personal, non-commercial use by authorized users of Aluka in connection with research, scholarship, and education. The content in the Aluka digital library is subject to copyright, with the exception of certain governmental works and very old materials that may be in the public domain under applicable law. Permission must be sought from Aluka and/or the applicable copyright holder in connection with any duplication or distribution of these materials where required by applicable law. Aluka is a not-for-profit initiative dedicated to creating and preserving a digital archive of materials about and from the developing world. For more information about Aluka, please see http://www.aluka.org Southern Africa, Vol. 8, No. 1 Alternative title Southern AfricaSouthern Africa News BulletinRhodesia News Summary Author/Creator Southern Africa Committee Publisher Southern Africa Committee Date 1975-01-00 Resource type Magazines (Periodicals) Language English Subject Coverage (spatial) South Africa, Namibia, Zimbabwe, Southern Africa (region), United States, Angola, Mozambique, Guinea-Bissau, Cape Verde, Portugal Coverage (temporal) 1975-00-00 Source Northwestern University Libraries Rights By kind permission of the Southern Africa Committee. The photograph captioned "Children Carry Water in Zululand: Typical Bantustan Poverty" is used by kind permission of Tim Smith. Description Cape Verde Islands: Colonialism on the Wane. South Africa. Namibia. Zimbabwe. Portugal and Africa. Neighbors. United States and Southern Africa. At the United Nations. Action News and Notes. Update. Format extent 36 page(s) (length/size) http://www.aluka.org/action/showMetadata?doi=10.5555/AL.SFF.DOCUMENT.nusa197501 http://www.aluka.org I VOLUME VIII No. 1 I VOLUME VIII No. 1 604 January 19751 Inside: ,The Cape Verde Islands - Colonialism on the Wane southern africa |V LM VilN. CONTENTS VOL. VIII, No. 1 1. Feature: The Cape Verde Islands: Colonialism On The Wane by Richard Lobban 2. South Africa WHITE POLITICS Government Commission Backs University Apartheid Former NUSAS President Now in Australia BLACK POLITICS .Aftermath of FRELIMO Rallies SBantustan Leaders Reject "Independence" Coloureds and Indians ECONOMICS Black Labor in South Africa: Death, Strikes, Panic, and New Militancy Bantustan Development in Perspective Inexhaustible Wealth in South Africa Equal Wages: South African Style Japanese Policy Contradictory Lockheed to Sell Planes to South Africa FOREIGN RELATIONS South African Reactions to UN Actions South African-Zambian Relations South African -Rhodesian Relations US Visits by South African Leaders Aborted DEFENSE Apartheid Regime Girds for War... With Increasing Help from Friends 3. Namibia South African Withdrawal? Inside Namibia At the United Nations "Ovambo" Election Occupation as Usual 4. Zimbabwe Guerrilla Strength Grows Settlement Talks Again ZAPU Official Kidnapped in Botswana Rhodesian-Zambian Border Clashes 5. Portugal and Africa ANGOLA Angola Still Fraught with Problems Renewed Violence in Luanda Cabinda-FLEC Uprising Thwarted MOZAMBIQUE Building a New Nation: Demilitarization African Solidarity January 1975 The Struggle Continues: Aftermath of Violence Mercenaries and Dissidents FRELIMO on the Move REPUBLIC OF GUINEA-BISSAU The Nation Moves Forward Inside the Cape Verde Islands SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE PORTUGAL Eight Months After the Coup 6. Neighbors Lesotho Trends Possible Malawian Shifts Crash in Zambia Events Around the 10th Anniversary of Zambian Independence Copper Agreement Khama Government Returned to Power 7. United States and Southern Africa Kissinger Seen Hardening on Portugal More Liberal Congress Expected in January Under Secretary Easum Visits Southern Africa 8. At the United Nations South Africa Suspended from Current Session More UN Action on Namibia Planned 9. Action News and Notes UNITED STATES ECONOMIC ACTION Groups in the South Coalesce on South African Coal Issue Gulf Oil Protested at Yale Church Groups Hold Hearings on the Role of IBM in South Africa PO LITICAL/EDUCATIONA L ACTION Liberation Movement Speakers Appear Throughout Country Helen Suzman Confronted in New York White South African Athletes attacked Petition Drive to Expel SA from the UN Continues Congress of Afrikan People Hold Reception Petition Drive to Expel SA from the UN Continues Congress of Afrikan People Hold Reception LIBERATION SUPPORT CFM Raising Money for Camera Equipment 10. Update OUR COLLECTIVE jose aica eric arnould wendy aronoff charlie ebel jennifer davis carolyn fleuhr- lobban lynn goodwin peggy halsey janet hooper tami hultman paul irish bill johnston reed kramer richard leonard richard lobban edgar lockwood mary mcanally bill minter ruth minter tshediso monnapula gail morlan don morton antonio neves patricia nute marie orth-pallavicini angela passaro dipankar ray david robinson susan rogers christine root melba smith tim smith jinni stroman john stroman stephanie urdang mary lee v;iley SOUTHERN AFRICA is published monthly, except for a double issue July- August by the New York Southern Africa Committee. Our two addresses are: Southern Africa Committee, 244 West 27th Street, Fifth Floor, New York, N.Y. 10001 and P.O. Box 3851, Durham, North Carolina 27702, (919) 682-7342 For subscriptions and further information about the magazine, write to New York. All subscriptions run from January to December. Those readers subscribing later in the year will be sent back issues to January, or after June, readers may opt for the 7 month subscription. Subscription rates are $6.00 per year for individuals; 7 month subscription from June is $4.00; Institutions are $18.00 per year; cost per copy is 50d for regular issues, $1 .00 for double issues; airmail postage (add subscription rate); South and Central America: $9.50 per year; Africa, Asia, Europe: $12.50 per year; prisoners free. If unable to send $6.00, please write to us for other arrangements. Overview A CRAB DOES NOT BEGET About ten weeks ago the collective that produces Southern Africa decided that we should try to present our readers with an 'overview' of events every month. It looked like a good idea-but subsequent events moved so swiftly, sometimes in apparently contradictory directions, that Monday's overview was outdated by the time it reached the printer on Wednesday afternoon-and so the idea seemed to die before it was properly born. Allowing this to happen was irresponsible. In a period when the incredible occurs daily and the impossible seems only a heaaline away, when Vorster is warmly welcomed in African capitals, when President Kaunda refers to the South African Premier's utterances as "the voice of reason", when the South Africans talk about pulling their troops out of Rhodesia, and Smith encourages his old enemies Sithole and Nkomo to leave their prisons and go talk with men such as President Nyerere and Samora Machel, in such times it is more important than ever to preserve a clear perspective, based on an analysis of the real interests concerned rather than on wishful thinking. In the dust whipped up by the whirlwind of shifting positions commentators have tended to lose sight of some basic realities. There are two kinds of "change" occuring in Southern Africa. There is the process of revolution, the long painful struggle to destroy an old oppression and build a new society-this is the process so painfully fought for by a militant, disciplined organisation such as FRELIMO. Then there is the process of counter, or perhaps anti-revolution-the deliberate attempt to maintain, by any means necessary, an old order of power and privilege, in as intact a form as possible. There should be no doubt in anybody's mind that South Africa's white leaders are totally committed to the second process. Taking. this one step further South Africa's critical relationship with the major capitalist powers and the role of these allies in the current drama also needs careful scrutiny. Commentators have generally agreed that the "price" exacted by the United States, France and Britain for the triple veto at the United Nations which preserved South Africa's membership was a more "flexible" South * African policy, to be evidenced it seems, by a swift retreat, A BIRD. -Ethiopian Proverb on Rhodesia and some openess on Namibia. The question to be asked however is what does this represent? A new committment to democracy and the end of exploitation-or a more sophisticated strategy to save a very valuable asset? Writing in The Observer (London) in mid-December, Stanly Uys, a shrewd South African journalist pointed out that Smith is being brought to the negotiating table not only by South African pressure but by what he termed "the solid foundations that were laid for the peace offensive: the consensus that was reached between Mr. Vorster, President Kaunda, Sir Seretse Khama, of Botswana, President Nyerere and Mr. Samora Machel, Frelimo's president, that southern Africa needed peace and stability. "Implicit in this consensus," he said, "was acceptance by the African leaders that Rhodesia was the first priority, Namibia the second, and South Africa's race policies the final priority. A peace offensive would not have been possible on any other basis. "The African leaders," he concluded, "will deal with the question of apartheid when they come to it; meanwhile, they have other priorities." If that is indeed the perspective of the men now negotiating with the South Africans there are some questions that must be seriously examined. Vorster's priority is to preserve white hegemony, the Western powers seek to maintain their strategic and economic interests in the area. If these can be maintained at the price of some concessions, the concessions may be made.

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