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J' ,>;^ ^Aa3AiNn]\^ WAFUK'IVFP.O/, .K-\n'\-A\'rFirr , l\f •<Mr IK'IVTPV/A v!ri';ii,T.rir ö o r>i i^i9 '-^1 SI «3 % ..i\^ ^Aü \WEUMVEKV/i A^EDNIVERÎ/A, vlOSAfCElfx, ^HIBRARYQr ^v^tllBi; '/- >2< .V... — ..—/^ A5 \ s = ^^\^E•UNIVERS/^ .vl" <>v' 5- 'v&i -i^l'llBRARYO/: •^'!VFP^/^ ^1 \ci ^4^t r\P rAfiPri/^ . ^ 'i t CT' 5; ^ Hi ; NARRATIVE OF TRAVELS EUROPE, ASIA, AND AFRICA, THE SEVENTEENTH C E N T U R Y, ISY evliya efendi. TRANSLATED FROM THE TURKISH THE RITTER JOSEPH VON HAMMER, F.M R.A.S, &c. S;o. &p. LONDON: PRINTED EOR THE ORIENTAL TRANSLATION FUND OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND SOLI) BV PARBURY, ALLEN, & Co., LEADENHALL STREET. JI.DCCC.XXXIV. EX BIBLIOTHECA FRANC. BABINGER : LONDON Priuted by J. L. Cox aud Son, 75, Great Queen Street, Liucoln't-lnu Fields. ADVERTISEMENT. The narrative of an Asiatic traveller, enthusiastically fond of seeing foreign countries, and unwearied in his investigation of their history, condition, and institutions, is in itself so great a singularity, and so deserving of attention, that no apology seems requisite for thus presenting Evliya Efendi in an English dress : and the name of the Ritter von Hammer, by whom this work was abridged and translated, is a sufficient voucher for its intrinsic merit and the accuracy of the version. It is requisite to inform the reader, that throughout the work the Asiatic words and proper names are spelt according to the system of orthography adopted by Sir William Jones and Sir Charles Wilkins, which gives to the consonants the sound they have in our own, but to the vowels that which they have in the Italian and German languages ; and by assigning to each Arabic character its appropriate Roman letter, enables the Oriental student to transfer the word at once from one mode of writing to the other. London, ^Oth Jan. I83i. 1S62211 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF THE AUTHOR. Evliya, the son of Dervish Mohammed, chief of the goldsmiths of Constantinople, was born in the reign of Sultan Ahmed I,, on the 10th of Moharrem 1020 (A.D. 1611). He records the building of the mosque of Sultan Ahmed, which was begun when he was six years old, and the gate of which was executed under the superintendance of his father, who in his youth had been standard-bearer to Sultan Suleiman. His grandfather was standard-bearer at the conquest of Constantinople, by Sultan Mohammed, on which occasion the house within the Un-kaj)ân (flour-market), on the ground attached to the mosque of Sâghirjîlar, was the portion of spoil allotted to him. On this spot he erected one hundred shops, the revenues of which he devoted to the mosque. The administration of the mosque, therefore, remained in. the hands of the family. He mentions more than once, as one of his ancestors, the great Sheikh Ahmed Yesov, called the Turk of Turks, a resident of Khonisiin, and who sent his disciple, the celebrated Hâjî Bektiish,* to Sultân Orkhiin. Evliya's mother was an Abaza, and when a girl, had been sent along with her brother to Sultan Ahmed, who kept the boy as a page, and presented the girl to Mohammed Dervish, the chief of the goldsmiths. The brother had, or received, the Sultan's name, with the sirname Meîek (angel), and * This lîâjî Bektâsh gave the Yeni-chcii (Janissaries) their name. IV BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF THE AUTHOR. is mentioned in history as the Grand Vezir Melek Ahmed Pasha, in whose suite Evliya performed a great part of his travels. Evliyu attended the college of Hiimid Efendi, in the quarter of the town called Fil Yiküsh, where for seven years he heard the lectures of Akhfash Efendi. His tutor in reading the Koran was Evliya Mohammed, a learned man, after whom it appears our traveller was named. Distinguished by his acquirements, his melodious voice, and, as it seems, by a fine person, he perfoi'nied the duty of Moazzin at Aya Söfîya on the Lailat al Kadr of 1045 (1G35), on Avhich occa- sion, as he himself relates, he attracted the particular attention of Sultan Murdd IV. He was then twenty-five years old ; and under the care of his master had made such progress in the art of read- ing the Koran, that he could read the whole in seven hours, and was perfectly versed in the seven modes of reading. His uncle Melek Ahmed was at this time sword-bearer to the Sultan, and it seems that Evliyii was in some degree indebted to his interest for the favour of being immediately admitted as a page of the Ktlâr-oda. The Sultân was not less pleased with his melodious voice and his witty remarks, which evinced much information, than with his handsome person, in consequence of which he was initiated into all the profli- gacies of the royal pages, the relation of whicli, in more than one place, leaves a stain upon his writings. He, however, continued his studies in caligraphy, music, grammar, and the Koran, the latter still under the direction of Evliya Mohammed^ who was then imperial chaplain (KhibiMr I}nâm').* His stay in the imperial palace was, however, very short, as he was removed from it previously to the Persian expedition, undertaken the same year (1045) against Erivan, when he was enrolled among the * Evliya Mohammed died the same year. BIOdKAlMIICAL SKETCH OK THE AUTHOR. V Sipahis, with a stipend of forty aspres per dietn. Whatever impor- tance Evhya may have attached to the honour of having been for a short time an inmate of the seraglio, it seems to have produced no change in his hfe, which was that of a traveller all his days. To this vocation, he conceived he had a special call in a dream on the anniversary of his twenty-first birth-day (the 10th of Moharrem). He fancied himself in the mosque of Akhî-Chelebî, where the Prophet appeared to him in full glory, surrounded by all the saints of the Islam. When he wished to pray for the intercession (shifdu't) of the Prophet, by mistake he asked for travelling (siydhaC), which was granted to him, together with permission to kiss the hands of the Prophet, the four Imams, and of the saints. His friends the Sheikhs, from whom he requested the interpretation of this dream, assured him that he should enjoy the favour of monarchs, and the good fortune of visiting in his travels the tombs of all the saints and great men whom he had seen. From this moment he formed the resolution of passing his life in travelling, and visiting the tombs of the saints ; thus his name Evliyd (saints) became significant, as he was all his life JMohibhi Evliyd, that is, the friend of the saints. This circum- stance accounts for the predilection he evinces in visiting the tombs and monuments of the saints, as he often dwells with particular plea- sure on the description of places of pilgrimage. Evliya, (the friend of saints), Hafiz (knowing the Koran by heart), and Siyyah (the travel- ler), are the names by which he styles himself, although he is more commonly known by the name of Evliya Chelebî or Efendi ; and his work is called S'lyydh Ndmeh, or the History of the Traveller. Having received his call by a vision of the Prophet, he commenced his travels by excursions through Constantinople and its environs, his topographical descriptions of which, as to the latter, are perhaps the best extant, and occupy the whole of the first volume.
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