DOCSLIB.ORG

40 CFR Ch. I (7–1–11 Edition) §§ 52.257–52.262

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
40 CFR Ch. I (7–1–11 Edition) §§ 52.257–52.262 §§ 52.257–52.262 40 CFR Ch. I (7–1–11 Edition) (j) Any gasoline dispensing facility contraflow on the Hollywood Freeway subject to this section that installs a (U.S. 101) from the junction with Ven- gasoline dispensing system after the ef- tura Freeway in North Hollywood to fective date of this section shall com- Vermont Avenue, and bus preferential ply with the requirements of paragraph treatment on arterial surface streets (c) of this section by May 31, 1977, and from Vermont Avenue to the Los Ange- prior to that date shall comply with les central business district (CBD). paragraph (g) of this section as far as (2) Harbor Freeway Corridor— possible. Any facility subject to this contraflow on Harbor Freeway (Cali- section that installs a gasoline dis- fornia 11) from vicinity of Pacific Coast pensing system after May 31, 1977, shall Highway, in Wilmington, to junction of comply with the requirements of para- Santa Monica Freeway (I–10), then by graph (c) of this section at the time of surface street preferential treatment installation. to LA/CBD. [38 FR 31251, Nov. 12, 1973, as amended at 39 (3) Wilshire Corridor—surface street FR 4881, Feb. 8, 1974; 39 FR 21053, June 18, preferential bus treatment from vicin- 1974; 46 FR 5979, Jan. 21, 1981; 46 FR 60203, ity of San Vincente Boulevard, to LA/ Dec. 9, 1981; 47 FR 19332, May 5, 1982; 47 FR CBD. 19698, May 7, 1982; 47 FR 28622, July 1, 1982; 47 FR 29538, July 7, 1982; 51 FR 40676, Nov. 7, (4) San Bernardino Freeway Cor- 1986] ridor–Bus/carpool lane, either contraflow, or concurrent flow on San §§ 52.257–52.262 [Reserved] Bernardino Freeway from El Monte terminus of existing San Bernardino § 52.263 Priority treatment for buses Freeway bus lane (I–10), to vicinity of and carpools—Los Angeles Region. Ontario Airport. (a) Definitions: (5) Priority Treatment in CBD—pro- (1) ‘‘Carpool’’ means a vehicle con- vide preferential treatment in CBD on taining three or more persons. surface streets to connect Wilshire and (2) ‘‘Bus/carpool lane’’ means a lane San Bernardino corridors. on a street or highway open only to (d) On or before May 31, 1976, the buses (or to buses and carpools), wheth- State of California, through the State er constructed especially for that pur- Department of Transportation or other pose or converted from existing lanes. agencies to which legal authority has (3) ‘‘Preferential treatment’’ for any been delegated, shall establish the fol- class of vehicles, means either the set- lowing system of bus and bus/carpool ting aside of one traffic lane for the ex- lanes: clusive use of such vehicles or other (1) Contraflow lane on the Golden measures (for example, access metering State Freeway (I–5) from junction of or setting aside the entire street), Ventura Freeway (California 134) in which the Administrator finds would Los Angeles to San Bernardino Free- be at least equal in VMT reduction ef- way (I–10). fect to the establishment of such a lane. (2) Contraflow on Pasadena Freeway (b) This regulation is applicable in (California 11) from terminus in City of the Metropolitan Los Angeles Intra- Pasadena to Hollywood Freeway (U.S. state Air Quality Control Region (the 101). ‘‘Region’’). (3) Contraflow on Pomona Freeway (c) On or before May 31, 1974, the from San Gabriel Freeway (I–605) to State of California, through the State Santa Ana Freeway (I–5). Department of Transportation or (4) Concurrent flow in San Diego through other agencies to which legal Freeway (I–405) from Ventura Freeway authority has been delegated, shall es- (U.S. 101) in Sherman Oaks to Newport tablish the following system of bus/car- Freeway (California 55), Costa Mesa. pool lanes. (5) Concurrent flow on Long Beach (1) Ventura/Hollywood Corridor—a Freeway (California 7) from Santa Ana concurrent flow exclusive bus/carpool Freeway (I–5), City of Commerce to lane from Topanga Canyon Boulevard, San Diego Freeway (I–405), Long Beach. Woodland Hills (U.S. 101) to junction of (6) Artesia Freeway (California 91) the Hollywood Freeway, and from Santa Ana Freeway (I–5) to Long 300 VerDate Mar<15>2010 15:21 Sep 07, 2011 Jkt 223146 PO 00000 Frm 00310 Fmt 8010 Sfmt 8010 Q:\40\40V3.TXT ofr150 PsN: PC150 Environmental Protection Agency § 52.269 Beach Freeway (California 7), Long quin Valley, and Southeast Desert Beach. Intrastate Regions by May 31, 1975. (e) State III will include specific (b) The following regulatory changes routes in other portions of the Region. represent a relaxation of previously (f) On or before December 31, 1973, the submitted regulations, and an adequate State of California shall submit to the control strategy demonstration has not Administrator a compliance schedule been submitted showing that the relax- showing the steps it will take to estab- ation would not interfere with the at- lish the system of bus/carpool lanes re- tainment and maintenance of the na- quired by paragraphs (c) and (d) of this tional standards for photochemical section, with each schedule to include oxidants. the following: (1) Mountain Counties Intrastate Re- (1) A schedule for the establishment gion. of the lanes. The schedule for the lanes (i) Calaveras County APCD. required by paragraph (d) of this sec- (A) The revocation of Rule 412, Or- tion shall provide for the first such ganic Liquid Loading, is disapproved. lane to be set aside no later than June Rule 412 submitted on June 30, 1972 and 1, 1974. previously approved in 40 CFR 52.223 is (2) Bus/carpool lanes must be promi- retained. nently indicated by overhead signs at (B) The revocation of Rule 413, Efflu- appropriate intervals and at each inter- ent Oil Water Separators, is dis- section of entry ramps. approved; and Rule 413 submitted on (3) Bus/carpool lanes must be promi- June 30, 1972 and previously approved nently indicated by distinctive paint- in 40 CFR 52.223 is retained. ed, pylon, or physical barriers. (ii) Tuolumne County APCD. (4) Vehicles using a bus/carpool lane (A) The revocation of Rule 413, Or- shall have the right of way when cross- ganic Liquid Loading, is disapproved; ing other portions of the road to enter and Rule 413 submitted on June 30, 1972 or leave such lanes. and previously approved in 40 CFR (5) At a minimum, the bus/carpool 52.223 is retained. lanes so set aside shall operate from (B) The revocation of Rule 414, Efflu- 6:30 a.m. to 9:30 a.m. and from 3:30 to ent Oil Water Separators, is dis- 6:30 a.m. each weekday. approved; and Rule 414 submitted on (g) No deviation from the system of June 30, 1972 and previously approved bus/carpool lanes required under para- in 40 CFR 52.223 is retained. graphs (c) and (d) of this section shall (C) The revocation of Rule 413, Or- be permitted except upon application ganic Liquid Loadings, submitted Feb- made by the State of California to the ruary 10, 1977, is disapproved; and the Administrator at the time of submittal previously approved Rule 413 submitted of compliance schedules and approved on June 30, 1972 remains in effect. by him, which application must con- (D) The revocation of Rule 414, Efflu- tain a satisfactory designation of alter- ent Oil Water Separators, submitted on nate routes for the establishment of February 10, 1977, is disapproved; and such lanes. the previously approved Rule 414 sub- [38 FR 31254, Nov. 12, 1973] mitted on June 30, 1972, remains in ef- fect. §§ 52.264–52.268 [Reserved] (1–1) San Joaquin Valley Intrastate Region. § 52.269 Control strategy and regula- (i) Stanislaus County APCD. tions: Photochemical oxidants (hy- (A) Rule 411.1, submitted on Novem- drocarbons) and carbon monoxide. ber 4, 1977, is disapproved. Rule 411.1 (a) The requirements of subpart G of submitted on April 21, 1976 remains in this chapter are not met because the effect. plan does not provide for attainment (ii) Merced County APCD. and maintenance of the national stand- (A) Rule 411.1, submitted on Novem- ards for photochemical oxidants (hy- ber 4, 1977, is disapproved. Rule 411.1, drocarbons) and carbon monoxide in submitted on August 2, 1976, remains in the San Francisco Bay Area, San effect. Diego, Sacramento Valley, San Joa- (iii) Fresno County APCD. 301 VerDate Mar<15>2010 15:21 Sep 07, 2011 Jkt 223146 PO 00000 Frm 00311 Fmt 8010 Sfmt 8010 Q:\40\40V3.TXT ofr150 PsN: PC150.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Community Profile
    City of Glendale, California Community Profile LA CRESCENTA- MONTROSE LA CANADA FLINTRIDGE BURBANK The City of Glendale was incorporated on February 16, 1906 and spans approximately 30.6 square miles with a current population of approximately 201,020 GLENDALE people (US Census). Located minutes away from downtown Los Angeles, Pasadena, Burbank, PASADENA Hollywood, and Universal City, Glendale is the fourth largest city in Los Angeles County and is surrounded EAGLE ROCK by Southern California’s leading commercial districts. SOUTH PASADENA As one of its core functions, Glendale provides well-maintained streets and a variety of transportation services. The City’s historic success at attracting employers is partially attributed to the result of its location at the center of four major freeways including the I-5 Golden State Freeway, SR-2 Glendale Freeway, SR-134 Ventura Freeway, and the 210 Foothill Freeway; all provide easy access for residents, workers, and customers from around the region. Glendale also offers its own bus services, the Beeline, with 13 routes connecting customers to Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), the City of Burbank, and the Metrolink Stations in both Burbank and Glendale. The Bob Hope Airport in Burbank serves the Los Angeles area including Glendale, Pasadena, and the San Fernando Valley. It is the only airport in the greater Los Angeles area with a direct rail connection to downtown Los Angeles. The City of Glendale is located about 30 minutes from Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) which is a commerce leader and designated as a world-class airport for its convenient location, modern facilities, and superior sea/air/land connections.
    [Show full text]
  • Board Memo Template
    CRA/LA, A DESIGNATED LOCAL AUTHORITY (Successor Agency to the Community Redevelopment Agency of the City of Los Angeles, CA) M E M O R A N D U M DATE: DECEMBER 12, 2016 TO: GOVERNING BOARD 4 FROM: STEVE VALENZUELA, CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER STAFF: BARRON MCCOY, CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER CRAIG BULLOCK, SPECIAL OPERATIONS OFFICER SUBJECT: Land Use Approval – Non-Monetary Action. Consideration of Mitigated Negative Declaration ENV-2014-2948-MND; and, approval of a 65,982 square foot Transfer of Floor Area to allow the construction of a 15-story mixed-use development at 951 S. Broadway & 215 W. Olympic Blvd. in the City Center Redevelopment Project Area. RECOMMENDATIONS That the Governing Board take the following actions: 1. Adopt a Resolution (Attachment C) certifying that the Governing Board has reviewed and considered the environmental effects of the proposed project as shown in the City of Los Angeles’ Mitigated Negative Declaration ENV-2014-2948-MND (“MND”), pursuant to California Environmental Quality Act (“CEQA”) Guidelines set forth in California Code of Regulations Section 15096(f); and 2. Approve the Transfer of Floor Area Ratio (TFAR) of not more than 65,982 square feet from City-owned convention center air rights (Attachment D), pursuant to Sections 512.5 and 520 of the City Center Redevelopment Plan (Redevelopment Plan), by making the necessary determinations which will permit the development of a 15-story, mixed-use development. SUMMARY The recommended actions will facilitate the development of a mixed-used development comprising 163 market rate residential units, including eight (8) live-work condominium units, four (4) units with Mobility Features and two (2) units with Hearing/Vision features and 4,600 square feet of ground level retail space.
    [Show full text]
  • APPENDIX B Cultural Resources Assessment
    APPENDIX B Cultural Resources Assessment 3700 Riverside Drive Mixed-Use Project Cultural Resources Assessment prepared for City of Burbank 150 North Third Street Burbank, California 91502 Contact: Daniel Villa, Senior Planner prepared by Rincon Consultants, Inc. 250 East 1st Street, Suite 301 Los Angeles, California 90012 August 2020 Please cite this report as follows: Madsen, A., M. Strother, B. Campbell-King, S. Treffers, and S. Carmack 2020 Cultural Resources Assessment for the 3700 Riverside Drive Mixed Use Project, City of Burbank, Los Angeles County, California. Rincon Consultants Project No. 19-08998. Report on file at the South Central Coastal Information Center, California State University, Fullerton. Table of Contents Table of Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................ 1 Unanticipated Discovery of Cultural Resources ............................................................................. 1 Unanticipated Discovery of Human Remains ................................................................................ 2 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 3 Project Location and Description ........................................................................................ 3 Personnel ...........................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter IV TRANSPORTATION and CIRCULATION
    Chapter IV TRANSPORTATION AND CIRCULATION Central City is bordered by a "freeway ring" formed by the Harbor Freeway (Interstate 110) to the west, the Hollywood Freeway (US 101) to the north, the Santa Ana Freeway (Interstate 5) to the east, and the Santa Monica Freeway (Interstate 10) to the south. In addition to the freeway ring, five other freeway corridors provide regional access to the downtown area: the Golden State Freeway (Interstate 5), the Glendale Freeway (State Route 2), the Pasadena Freeway (State Route 110), the San Bernardino Freeway (Interstate 10) and the Pomona Freeway (State Route 60). The Downtown roadway system is basically a grid network of streets which has remained unchanged for decades. The majority of the changes that have occurred on these streets have been to convert some segments into one-way operation. Several streets also serve a regional function by providing access to the adjacent freeway system. These include Hope Street, Grand Avenue, Broadway, and Spring Street in the north-south direction and Third Street, Fourth Street, Fifth Street, Sixth Street, Eighth Street, and Ninth Street in the east west direction. Significant congestion occurs on the regional transportation network due to the combined impacts of trip demands within Central City as well as regional trips that pass through Central City. In fact, more than half of downtown freeway traffic is through traffic. Pedestrian circulation in downtown Los Angeles takes place for the most part during the weekday business hours with the heaviest volumes during the lunch hours. Most of the pedestrian movement occurs between Bunker Hill, the Financial Core, and the Historic Core where daytime employment centers are located.
    [Show full text]
  • 5731 Carlton
    5731-35 Carlton Way Los Angeles, CA OFFERING MEMORANDUM EXCLUSIVELY LISTED BY KYLE MIRRAFATI SENIOR ASSOCIATE - MULTIFAMILY Direct +1.310.295.4269 Mobile +1.949.533.4650 [email protected] License No. 01911204 LUC WHITLOCK ASSOCIATE - MULTIFAMILY Direct +1.310.844.9371 Mobile +1.310.872.8004 [email protected] License No. 02070426 2 MATTHEWS REAL ESTATE 5731-35 Carlton Way Los Angeles, CA TABLE OF CONTENTS 04 PROPERTY OVERVIEW 06 AREA OVERVIEW 10 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW LOS ANGELES, CA 3 OPPORTUNITY PROPERTY OVERVIEW • Great Location Inside Hollywood’s Studio District • Over 40% Rental Upside Potential • A Walk Score of 86 – Most Errands can be Accomplished on Foot • Large Lot with LAR4 Zoning – Can Build up to 21 Units (By Right) • High Density Rental Market with Strong Demographics Centrally Located in Hollywood’s Studio District DESCRIPTION • 10 Bungalow Units, Built in 1923 • Unit Mix: (10) – 1Bed/1Bath • Secured Entry into a Courtyard Style Building Over 40% Rental Upside • Individually Metered for Gas & Electric Potential • 5 Surface Parking Spaces Located at the Back • No Soft Story Requirements • Well Maintained Building with Several Units Remodeled • Centrally Located Along the 101 Freeway – Accessing the Entire LA Area 5 Surface Parking Spaces • Walking Distance from Restaurants, Groceries, Bars, and other Leisure Activities • Property Sits on a Nice Wide Cul-de-Sac Street • Good Transit – Many Nearby Public Transportation Options • 3,458 Rentable SqFt on a Large 8,750 SqFt Lot with LAR4 Zoning 4 MATTHEWS REAL ESTATE LOS ANGELES, CA 5 AREA OVERVIEW LOS ANGELES, CA As the second largest metropolitan area in the United States, the Los Angeles Metropolitan Statistical Area, or the Southland, consists of both Los Angeles and Orange Counties.
    [Show full text]
  • Brad Sherman on the 405 I-405 Sepulveda Pass Improvements Project – Efforts to Secure Funding
    Brad Sherman on the 405 I-405 Sepulveda Pass Improvements Project – Efforts to Secure Funding The I-405 Sepulveda Pass Improvements Project will add an additional lane and improve supporting infrastructure such as ramps, bridges and sound walls on the San Diego Freeway (I-405), while widening lanes from the Santa Monica Freeway (I-10) to the Ventura Freeway (US-101). In addition to the I-405 project, state and local transportation agencies are constructing an additional lane in each direction on Interstate 5 through San Fernando Valley. Often these two Valley freeway projects were discussed together. I-405 Sepulveda Pass Improvement Project features: . Add a 10-mile HOV lane on the northbound I-405 between I-10 and US-101 . Remove and replace the Skirball Center Dr., Sunset Blvd., and Mulholland Dr. bridges . Realign 27 on and off-ramps . Widen 13 existing underpasses and structures . Construct approximately 18 miles of retaining wall and sound wall Summary The total cost of the project is estimated at $1.034 billion. The funding for this project includes a combination of federal, state and local funds. Proposition 1B (state bond) $614 M (59.4%) American Recovery and Reinvestment Program (federal formula) $189.9 M (18.3%) SAFETEA-LU (federal earmark) $117 M (11.3%) Additional State & Local Funds $113.1 M (11%) Prop 1B State Bond Funding - $614 million There were a few active officials that advocated for funding to construct an additional lane on Interstate 405 from US-101 to I-10. The most prominent advocates were Mayor Villaraigosa, Supervisor Gloria Molina (then Chair of the Metro Board) and Congressman Sherman.
    [Show full text]
  • II. Project Description (Metro)
    II. PROJECT DESCRIPTION A. PROJECT LOCATION The purpose of this Section is to identify the primary objectives and project characteristics of the Metro Universal Project (the “Project”). As discussed on the following pages, the Project would involve the construction and operation of new development on sites currently occupied by park & ride and transit bus facilities operated by the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority (“Metro”) above the Universal City Metro Red Line station. The Project is proposed to be developed on an approximately 14.34-acre site, which is located in the City of Los Angeles approximately 2 miles north of Hollywood and 10 miles northwest of downtown Los Angeles (the “Project Site”). Organization of the Section A. PROJECT LOCATION B. PROJECT CHARACTERISTICS 1. EXISTING CONDITIONS a. Project Site i. Sites A & B ii. Site C iii. Site D iv. Site E b. Description of Surrounding Area i. Campo de Cahuenga Historic Site ii. Surrounding Land Uses iii. Surrounding Neighborhoods 2. PROJECT CHARACTERISTICS a. Phase 1 i. Sites A and B (1) Proposed Development Metro Universal Project II. Project Description Draft Environmental Impact Report Page II-1 City of Los Angeles August 2008 (2) Parking and Transit Facilities (a) Metro Bus Transit Plaza (b) Site B Parking Garage (c) Parking to Serve the Project (d) Loading Dock (3) Access and Circulation (4) Site Plan and Design Elements (a) Pedestrian and Retail Facilities (b) Outdoor Dining Patio (c) Potential Land Exchange (d) Communication Facilities (e) Utility Improvements ii. Site C iii. Site D iv. Site E b. Phase 2 i. Sites A and B ii.
    [Show full text]
  • LIF E~V Ry I N ~ ~ ~~~ ~~RK~S
    LIF e~v ry i N ~ ~ ~~~ ~~RK~s ' ~ ~: y y. ,fir"~ t ~ ~~' 4 ~ .YWt x. F y ~ ~,...Y. al. ~i~ '10~ f ~ « Of~'iciai Journal o{ the Division Q$ Highways, Department of Public Works, S#ate of California RICHARD WINN, Editor FIELEN HALSTED, Assistant Editor STEWART MITCHELL, Assistant Edator MERRITT R. NICKERSON, Chief Photographer Vo1.37 January-February, 1958 Nos.l-2 FRONT COVER A rotary snowplow, dwarfed by the snow-blanketed landscape, puts the finishing touch on a cleanup job along a section of US 40 at Donner Summit. Donner Lake and the crest of the Sierra Nevada range lie beyond, to the east. —Photo by Robert Munroe BACK COVER California contrast is provided by this winter scene of The Mojave Desert region east of Victorville. Two sehool busses drive along a section of State Sign Route 18 toward a community in Lucerne Valley. —Photo by Robert Munroe Table of Confenfs on Page 2 Published in the interest of highway development in California. Editors of newspapers and others are invited to use matter contained herein and to request photographs or engravings. Address communications to ~,4LIFORNI,4 HeG~9~/Al'S AND PUBLIC WORKS P. O. Box 1499 SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA Freeway Sysfem Taking Sha,~e In Greater Los Angeles Area C VARY T. TELFORD ate Highway Engineer ~rsTxicT VII of the State Division eration of freeway development at an increases, principally by adding the of Highways includes the three coun- early date. The first actual freeway financing of the Interstate Highway ties of Los Angeles, Orange, and Ven- construction was asix-mile length on System to the previously existing fed- tura, within which are 87 incorporated the Arroyo Seco Parkway,now known eral aid program.
    [Show full text]
  • 11331-11339 Camarillo St
    OFFERINGOFFERING MEMORANDUM MEMORANDUM A High-Profile Shopping Center Ideally Located on the Prime Northeast Signalized Corner of Tujunga Avenue and Camarillo Street in North Hollywood, CA brandonmichaelsgroup.com Contents INVESTMENT ADVISORS Brandon Michaels Senior Managing Director of Investments Senior Director, National Retail Group Tel: 818.212-2794 04 [email protected] Executive CA License: 01434685 Summary Matthew Luchs First Vice President Investments COO of The Brandon Michaels Group Tel: 818.212.2727 [email protected] 10 CA License: 01948233 Property Overview Steven Schechter First Vice President Investments Director, National Retail Group Tel: 818.212.2793 [email protected] CA License: 01089464 16 Area Overview 28 FINANCIAL ANALYSIS North Hollywood North Hollywood Recreation Center Arts District Walgreens Lankershim Blvd Hollywood Freeway Camarillo St Tujunga Ave 4 11331-11339 Camarillo St Area Overview 5 The Offering 11331 Camarillo Street is a high-profile signalized corner shopping center which includes a free-standing NNN Starbucks Drive-Thru and a 14 x 48 billboard ideally located on the prime Northeast corner of Tujunga Avenue and Camarillo Street in North Hollywood, CA The Brandon Michaels Group of Marcus & Millichap has been selected to exclusively represent for sale 11331 Camarillo Street, a high-profile retail asset ideally located on the Northeast signalized corer of Tujunga Avenue and Camarillo Street in the high-growth sub-market of North Hollywood, CA. The property consists of two parcels totaling 6,973 square feet of prime retail space situated on 25,111 square feet of land and includes a large 14 x 48 single-sided billboard. The subject property is home to Starbucks, who has successfully operated at this location since 2007.
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix J - Cultural Resources Assessment
    APPENDIX J - CULTURAL RESOURCES ASSESSMENT Camarillo Springs GPA 2017-2 J Camarillo Springs Golf Course Development Project Cultural Resources Assessment prepared for Cadence Environmental Consultants 816 Sausalito Drive Camarillo, California 93010 prepared by Rincon Consultants, Inc. 180 North Ashwood Avenue Ventura, California 93003 June 2020 Please cite this report as follows: Pfeiffer, Mary, Susan Zamudio-Gurrola, Alexandra Madsen, Hannah Haas, Steven Treffers and Christopher Duran 2020 Camarillo Springs Golf Course Development Project Cultural Resources Assessment. Rincon Consultants, Inc. Project No. 20-09133. Report on file at the South Central Coastal Information Center, California State University, Fullerton. Table of Contents Table of Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................ 1 Purpose and Scope .........................................................................................................................1 Dates of Investigation ....................................................................................................................1 Summary of Findings......................................................................................................................1 Archaeological Monitoring and Discovery Plan .............................................................................2 Worker’s Environmental Awareness Program ...............................................................................2
    [Show full text]
  • “FINISHED” Freeway and Expressway Revolts Excerpt from Wikipedia
    FREEWAYS DO NOT NEED TO BE “FINISHED” Freeway and expressway revolts Excerpt from Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeway_and_expressway_revolts The freeway revolts (sometimes expressway revolts) were a phenomenon encountered in developed countries in the 1960s and 1970s, in which planned freeway construction in many cities was halted due to widespread public opposition; especially of those whose neighborhoods would be disrupted or displaced by the proposed freeways, and due to various other negative effects that freeways are considered to have. Such "revolts" occurred mainly in American cities, such as Baltimore, Boston, Cleveland, Los Angeles, Memphis, Milwaukee, Minneapolis, New Orleans, New York, Philadelphia, Phoenix, Portland, San Francisco, Seattle, and Washington, D.C. In many cities, there remain unused highways, abruptly-terminating freeway alignments, and short stretches of freeway in the middle of nowhere, all of which are evidence of larger projects which were never completed. In Canada, similar revolts occurred in Vancouver, Toronto, Halifax, and Montreal. Road protest in the United Kingdom occurred since the 1960s, and in Australia protests on a smaller scale occurred later in the 1970s. Background After World War II, there was a major drive to build a freeway network in the United States, including (but not limited to) the Interstate Highway System. Design and construction began in earnest in the 1950s, and many cities (as well as rural areas) were subjected to the bulldozer. However, many of the proposed freeway routes were drawn up without considering local interest; in many cases the construction of the freeway system was considered a regional (or national) issue which trumped local concerns.
    [Show full text]
  • A Historical Context and Methodology for Evaluating Trails, Roads, and Highways in California
    A Historical Context and Methodology for Evaluating Trails, Roads, and Highways in California Prepared by The California Department of Transportation Sacramento, California ® ® © 2016 California Department of Transportation. All Rights Reserved. Cover photography provided Caltrans Headquarters Library. Healdsburg Wheelmen photograph courtesy of the Healdsburg Museum. For individuals with sensory disabilities, this document is available in alternate formats upon request. Please call: (916) 653-0647 Voice, or use the CA Relay Service TTY number 1-800-735-2929 Or write: Chief, Cultural Studies Office Caltrans, Division of Environmental Analysis P.O. Box 942874, MS 27 Sacramento, CA 94274-0001 A HISTORICAL CONTEXT AND METHODOLOGY FOR EVALUATING TRAILS, ROADS, AND HIGHWAYS IN CALIFORNIA Prepared for: Cultural Studies Office Division of Environmental Analysis California Department of Transportation Sacramento 2016 © 2016 California Department of Transportation. All Rights Reserved. OTHER THEMATIC STUDIES BY CALTRANS Water Conveyance Systems in California, Historic Context Development and Evaluation Procedures (2000) A Historical Context and Archaeological Research Design for Agricultural Properties in California (2007) A Historical Context and Archaeological Research Design for Mining Properties in California (2008) A Historical Context and Archeological Research Design for Townsite Properties in California (2010) Tract Housing In California, 1945–1973: A Context for National Register Evaluation (2013) A Historical Context and Archaeological Research Design for Work Camp Properties in California (2013) MANAGEMENT SUMMARY The California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) prepared this study in response to the need for a cohesive and comprehensive examination of trails, roads, and highways in California, and with a methodological approach for evaluating these types of properties for the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).
    [Show full text]