1965, Carrying Normal Traffic

Home , Hollywood Freeway, Interstate 405 (Oregon)

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At upper left is shown a view of the canyon that Squaw Creels, in Mendo- cino County, near Cummings, cut across the Redwood Highway during the Christmas storms. Photo was made uavv ree December 27, 1964, before any reconstruction was yet organized. Photo above shows gulf from other side on January 16, partly filled. Below is a picture of the highway on March 17, 1965, carrying normal traffic. About 25,Q00 truckloads of fill were required to bring the road back up to grade. (See article beginning on page 14.) ..~, ~; a ~.~ 6 ;. C~.I1~0~'111~. I~1~ hwa Y sand Public Works Official Journal of the Division of Highways, Department of Public Works, State of California

Vol. 44 March-Apri I Nos. 3-4

CONTENTS Page Opening aLifeline ------2 By John Robinson, Information Officer

'The Redwood Highway—Rebuilding After the Flood______14 By John Robinson, InformaTion O~cer

Kudos Tell Story------26

District 7 Progress------30 By E. T. Telford, District Engineer

Equal Opportunity ------52 By Mickey Matsumoto, AssisTant Training O~cer

ITTE Conference ------54 State Parks Chief Clarifies National Tribute Grove Status______56

MountShasta ------_------57 By Charles Moss, Resident Engineer

Experimental Paint Results FRONT COVER: View of the Golden State Freeway ------60 (Interstate 5) in Los Angeles, showing development of By H. A. Rooney, Senior Chemical Testing Engineer and Icndscaping in six years. Planting was made late in A. L. Woods, Bridge Painting Inspector 1958, photograph was made late in 1964. Palms in r foreground framing view are Mexican fan palms, Highway395------63 Washingtonia robusta, closely related to the California fan palm, but more By F. A. Thudium, Project Engineer—Design vigorous and adaptable. Ground cover is Algerian ivy. Trees were 3-4 feet high when Whitehurst, Guthrie Reappointed to planted. Overcrossing is of Los Feliz Boulevard. Photo Commission______67 by Sam Smith, District 7, Los Angeles. WASHO Conference Set for Santa Fe-_---_-----___-__----__-__.--__-_-_--_____-_- 67 BACK COVER: Photo made exactly two months after Slipform Paving-2 ------— ------68 disastrous Christmas week floods in northern Cali- fornia shows Bailey bridge in place across washed-out By L. R. Gillis, Assistant State Higway Engineer and span on Smi}h River, US Highway 199, L. S. Spickelmire, Assis4ant Construction Engineer between Crescent City and the Oregon line. Torrents fore out Dillard Road several miles of this highway, in addition to three ------76 major bridges. Since major traffic load in winter is By A. F. Effinger, Residen4 Engineer, Sacramen}o County industrial, reconstruction had to support full legal loads, which road is now carrying. See articles on Route Adoptions ------78 reconstruction in this issue. Photo by Robert Mulno.

In Memoriam ------— ------67 Department Marks Retirement of 46 Employees______79

LESTER S. KORITZ, Editor STEWART MITCHELL, Associate Editor MARCIA J. MICKELSEN, Assistant Edrtor WILL1AAh R. CFiANEY, Chief PhoPographer

Editors are invited fo use information contained herein and to request prints of any black and white photographs. Address communications to: EDITOR, CALIFORId~., HIGHVs0,4YS AND PUBLIC WORKS P.O. Box 1499 SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA 95807 t~ • •

Temporary Bridges, Mud, /Machines and Hard Work By JOHN ROBINSON, Information Officer

In the aftermath of the Christmas mountainous terrain. Also, many tele- Helicopters and light aircraft were 1964 floods, came an associated eco- phone lines had been destroyed. It chartered by the Division of High- nomic problem for the areas isolated took a,few days to get complete in- ways in a number of instances to ferry by the destruction of the transport formation on which to base decisions, in small groups of employees with the system. It was a simple chain reaction. particularly since most early efforts necessary authority to organize emer- If the industry of the affected coun- were devoted to opening emergenc}T gency contracts with whatever local ties, 75 percent timber prodnets, could routes where possible, evacuating equipment was available. Because this not get its production to market, production must cease as soon as all stor- trapped motorists, bringing nut the was logging country, there usually age facilities were filled. Within two sick and injured, and trying to move was enough. weeks, this was costing the area about vital supplies into isolated coinmuni- When practicatzle, these "guerrillas" $75,000 a day. ties. had radios with them for communica- The areas of worst damage were in As more and more aircraft moved tions, but these did not always work. the State Division of Highways Dis- in, they took over these emergency One engineer was dropped in at the trict 1, and western portions of Dis- transport functions. In many cases, town of Ti-Bar, far up the Klamath, trict 2. This included Del Norte, ground transport was literally impos- and then seemed to disappear. A few Humboldt, Mendocino, Trinity, Sis- sible, no matter how geat the effort; days later a low-flying aircraft re- kiyou, and portions of Shasta and Te- and had it not been for the prompt ported considerable truck and bull- hama Counties, all of which had iso- arrival of the aircraft, particularly the do~`r activity on the vi- lated sections, some hopelessly cut off roads in the from outside help. helicopters, there would have been cinity; so it was assumed he was on much greater privation and suffering. the job. Although there were emergencies everywhere, it was obvious that a major object of highway workers must be the earliest possible reopening of a highway "lifeline" into and out of the isolated region. In the initial phase of reconstruction of transport, the same factors that hampered other agencies hampered the highway employees. With the breakdown of vehicular travel, inspection trips that previously took hours suddenly took days. Mud covered the roads, in the form of slides and slumps from rain-softened slopes and knee- deep silt left by receding waters. While the State Highway vehicles had awell-organized radio system, it The log emergency bridge at Willow Creek on January 7, 1965. At upper left is collapsed bridge. Photo does not always function well in the on opposite page made same day gives aerial view of this area.

2 California Highways and Public Works View from air of break afi Willow Creek Bridge on State Route 96, emergency log bridge and collapsed bridge in center. Trinity River at lower left, town of Willow Creek and Rate 299 top of picture.

March—April 1965 3

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communications hope hope of of reestablishing reestablishing

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Dis- a the the to to thus thus was was apparent apparent It It

~•~,; better. much much were were struction struction

recon- of of possibilities possibilities the the Highway, Highway,

Redwood the the to to as as well, well, compared compared but but

slides large large several several were were Creeks. Creeks. There There

Pony and and Grey Grey washouts washouts at at massive massive

and Creek, Creek, Canyon Canyon at at of of Weaverville, Weaverville,

-- -- - •~ west out out bridge bridge a a was was the the There There west. west.

from town town the the isolating isolating washed washed away, away,

Inc.) Eureka Eureka Newspapers, Newspapers, courtesy courtesy (Photo (Photo its its terminus. terminus. western western near near miles miles Alton, Alton, virtually six six canyon; canyon; Creels Creels

36 36 Route Route at State State is is This This Day. Day. Christmas Christmas on on clearing clearing various various highway highway agencies agencies BELOW: BELOW:

Workers Workers

from from

Willow in in Eureka Eureka of of east east damage damage

extensive

299 299 was was

there there On On Route Route 18.) page page (See (See 36. 36. Route Route on on Sign Sign highway highway or or destruction destruction bridge bridge clusive, clusive, serious serious

6 6 to to 2 2 No. No. in- 299, 299, Route Route on on

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eliminated.

was was

36 36 also also

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damaged. damaged. 169 169 and and 96 96 are are Routes Routes of of Note Note all all that that damage. damage.

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ity. ity. the the For For severe of of indicafe indicafe sections sections lines lines Heavy Heavy 28, 28, 1964. 1964. December December on on California, California, map, map, northwestern northwestern Situation Situation

possibil- outlet outlet an an as as eliminated eliminated be be to to

had 96 96 Route Route

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them which which made made bridges bridges two two major major

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were reports reports .~ .~ On On upon. upon. Christmas Christmas Day Day

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damaged damaged sec- the the of of many many surveying surveying

_ _ _ _ ~~.~____.____~ ~~.~____.____~ ~~~ ______out out on on foot were were and and relca relca Redding Redding _ _ _:~..:~_. _:~..:~_. ~ ~ ~ ~ ',._~..~.g. ',._~..~.g.

teams teams Eu- from from By By 24th, 24th, December December only possible detour, a county road and bridge upstream, was also completely destroyed. On December 24, material fora 170-foot Bailey bridge was ordered shipped to Junction City to replace. the damaged bridge. On the 25th it was decided the road could be opened more quickly by using the county road as a detour and on the morning of the 26th two tractors, one with blade and the other a blade plus ripper, were at the site ready to go to work. A drill crew of state workers arrived that morning also., and, with the tractors and drill- ers working as a team, by the next morning had blasted a bulldozer trail across nearby bluffs to give access to the abutments of the washed-out county bridge. That same day two 61-foot steel beams and other necessary material for the bridge were moved in, and by 8 o'clock the next evening cone-lane Family with sick child being evacuated by light Operations center at Rohnerville Airport during bridge was ready to handle emergency helicopter for frea4meni a4 Eureka. the first days of operations when many rescue mis- sions were flown. traffic. The equipment was then used to widen and improve the detour to Redding. Since District 2 head- roads in these northwest mountain road. quarters was in Redding, substantial counties. help from that end could be depended The first major obstacle was the .Although the next 30 miles to- nn. The decision was made to con- 200-foot gap left by the washed-nut ward Willow Creek had several large centrate the greatest effort ~n this five-span bridge over Canyon Creek slides, much debris, and one large route, with crews working on both at Junction City, still nearly 50 miles washout, it was traversable, with cau- ends, and using further emergency from the town of Willow Creek. The tion. The crews then came to a point contracts within the stretch where possible. At the same time, efforts Breeches buoy rigged at Willow Creek Bridge fo carry people across during first days of recovery afier I~ were continuing to organize emer- flood. Note debris and silt left by receding stream. (Photo courtesy of Eureka Newspapers, Inc.) gency contracts on other routes, particularly the Redwood HigLway, as this was a more direct route to the San Francisco Bay area. Although Route 299 seemed the best choice for early results, this by no means meant it was going to be easy. From the Eureka end, District 1 crews struggling to replace the road base fought heartbreaking conditions. Sev- eral times big sections of the wet fill slid away into the stream, and on other occasions heavy rains caused the stream to rise and wash away the fill footings. From the Redding end, District 2 crews struck a series of major obstacles. Each of these had to be tackled in sequence. An account of these operations gives an understanding of what was entailed in reopening the

March—April 1965 Light backhoe working in snowsform, clearing drain on Roufe 299.

299 making holes for charges fo blast cli/f away to widen road. BELOW: Tractor and blade clearing debris from streambed to increase runofF.

Young highway engineers from Eureka standing by at airport as helicopter pilot loads extra gasoline for flight into Somesbar far up Klamafh River. Many small groups such as this were sent by air or on foot to organize emergency road repair contracts in isolated areas.

Boulder which slid down mountainside onto Route 299 must be broken up by blasting before removal.

California Highways and Public Works just east of Grey Creek where another major obstacle, actually a double one, was encountered. Here, where the road travels a ledge along almost perpendicular cliffs several hundred feet above the Trinity River, a huge rock slide had completely covered the road, and the boulders were still dropping from the high cliffs above. An emergency contract with equipment from a local lumber company was organized, and clearing operations started. These were hampered by the rocks which showered down unex- pectedly from time to time. Five hundred feet west of this slide, drainage had clogged, and Grey Creek had cut a gap 180 feet wide and 170 feet deep across the road. Upstream a slide of millions of yards of earth precluded any chance of constructing a detour road around the opening. Small slide such as this on precipitous section of Route 299 can be handled by fronf-end loader and few trucks. ihis material is good for subbase and will be used for fill. When the highway crews arrived, local residents had strung a rope across third girder added later. This saved were compelled to, then returning to the ravine which enabled foot traffic 36 hours, and the first vehicle crossed the job. From December 28 to Janu- to go hand over hand along the rope, at 7 p.m. on January 2. ary 3 it rained and snowed continu- wading the creek en route. A 170-foot span across the gap had oLisly—sometimes as much as 10 inches The Bailey bridge components or- been constructed in 57 hours, and the of snow overnight. Drinking water dered for Canyon Creek had arrived road was open as far as Willow Creek. had to he boiled, and there was no in Weaverville on the 28th on five In the ,next three days an additional housing, although one lodge owner truck and trailer units, and it was de- girder was added, increasing the ca- agreed to open up and provide meals cided to use this bridge at the Grey pacity of the bridge to a normal 45 and sleeping room. There was no elec- Creels gap. Because the long units tons and a cautionary 60 tons. tricity, and candles and kerosene could not negotiate the sharp turns on During the entire operation the lamps were necessary. A big kettle of the Canyon Creek detour, the material crews worked around the clock, stop- hot soup or stew was brought to the was reloaded onto three-axle dump ping to eat and sleep when they finally jobs for the evening and midnight trucks. This division split the bridge into 25 loads instead of S, but by the In first days of opening emergency route, assistance from tracked tractors was necessary in places. 30th all the parts were at the site. The Bailey was not long enough to cross the entire gap, so it was necessary to lower the approaches on either side to reduce the span. A crew had managed to build a dozer trail across a bad gap west of Pony Creek the day before, so that there were tractors available at both sides working as the bridge material was brought up. On the night of the 30th work on excavating and leveling both approaches was finished, and at 10 a.m. on the 31st construction of the Bailey bridge began. I3y this time, it had been decided to first complete only a double-girder span adequate for vehicles up to 10 tons so that critically ill persons could be evacuated, with the

March—April 19b5 ABOVE: Convoy of evacuees working its way around detour on Route 299 at Junction City on December 28, 7964, over one-woy bulldozer road. BELOV~ Westbound convoy on Route 299 January 7, 1965, of Pony Creek. Note logs used as guardrails and delineators. structed log bridge, although it was only nine feet wide over a 100-foot drop. The next day it was improved to a "good" one-way span. The road still was open only for emergency traffic in the strictest sense —essentially four-wheel-drive vehicles or powerful units which could negotiate the deep mud and slippery grades on the hastily built road. About the same time a similar road was opened by dint of log bridges and }~~~lldozer trails along Route 96 to the Hoopa Valley. r: From this point on, with occasional ~ ~ miner setbacks, progress was continu- r„ ~:._ ous. Althoubh there were one or two l heavy rains, they did not persist, and the weather, as though repentant for its December violence; remained bet= ter than normal. The Redwood Creek Bridge, on Route 299 west of Berry Summit, was a problem because of slide damage! A mud slide oozing down the side of ~~~fi,.~. ~ ~N the canyon actually gushed the abutment out of line, requiring recasting of broken concrete and placement of meals, and six banks of floodlights was interrupted immediately. Snow in heavy rock to stop the slide. During powered by portable generators pro- the mountains changed to rain, and this period the bridge damage kept vided illumination. the Trinity River rose six feet. Pony load limits dawn to 10 tons on Route On the western end the District 1 Creek, just west of the Bailey bridge 299. crews also had been busy, although at Grey Creek, washed nut the log fighting the same kinds of conditions. bridge and temporary fill there, cut- By the 15th of January the road east By the 2nd of January emergency ting agully 100 feet deep and 60 feet of Willow ~r~ek was opened to all traffic could get through to Redding across. By 9 a.m. crews were at work commercial vehicles. In daylight hours from Willow Creek. On the Sth a con- on the gap, cutting trees and refilling they were restricted to passage at 10 voy system of four-wheel-drive, high- the road, and 12 hours later trucks a.m., 12 noon, and 2:30 p.m. There clearance traffic was started, but this were moving across a newly con- were nn restrictions at night.

8 California F7ighways and Public Works On January 19th the daily convoys were doubled, leaving Berry Summit at 9:30 and 2:30; westbound from Willow Creek at 10:30 and 3:30. Pas- senger cars and legal loads up to 40- foot maximum length vehicle were permitted. Route 299 east of Willow Creek was opened to all traffic, subject to normal construction delay. In the meantime the road into Hoopa galley had been improved to take any legal load and traffic was being allowed on the same three- times-daily schedule with no restrictions at night. The road was not rec- HUM60LDT COUNTY ommended for passenger cars. By the 24th of January Route 299 was taking all legal traffic in the scheduled convoys, and on February 2 the schedule was dropped, traffic being convoyed each way through construction areas 24 hours a day as necessary. The traffic count ~~as up to around 250 vehicles daily each way by this time. On weekends there were no road domoged restrictions. s domayed. By early February both Route 299 and U.S. 101 were open to all traffic, but with convoy traffic still in effect up the Smith River Canyon on Route 199. This route was opened completely nn February 14, leaving the Klamath Ferry the only interruption FLOOD DAMAGE

On inspection flight in January to Humboldt County in Governor's plane, Highway' Commissioners Lyman R. Gillis, assistant stafe highway engineer Abraham Kofman (left) and William S: Whitehurst are briefed on the highway situation by State for Operations, en route fo flood area in Gov- Maintenance Engineer Edward L. Tinney. ernor's plane, is infervrewed by Associated Press Reporter Robert Wood.

60 60

miles miles of of road road domoged. domoged. 20 20 bridges bridges domaged.

DAMAGE FLOOD FLOOD 1964 1964 ~'~'~~ ~'~'~~

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damaged bridges bridges miles miles 10 10 road road of of damoged. damoged. 14 14

FLOOD FLOOD 1964 1964 DAMAGE

-~ —~ ~ ~ FLOOD FLOOD DAMAGE DAMAGE 1964 1964

MENDOCINO MENDOCINO ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ =~a~~ =~a~~ ~ j j COUNTY COUNTY

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ti ti ~ ~ ~ ~

~ Coveio- Coveio-

'C 'C ~1$i ~1$i mm~ngs mm~ngs

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`' ,~i ,~i / / e e panes panes 101 101 in any of the main routes. The ferry was retired when repairs were completed on the Klamath River Bridge and its was reopened to traffic on March 14. Log bridges and use of a portion of a logging road had also made Sign Route 36 usable. Sign Route 96 still remained closed because of bridge destruction. This was partly - ~°emedied by replacement of the washed nut truss of the Somesbar Bridge with plate girders and reopening of the bridge nn March 4. 'A low-level, temporary bridge was opened April 1 at Orleans, and then Route 96 could be traversed its entire length. To achieve these repairs, nearly SO emergency contracts were let, and an additional 180 personnel were hired on the District I staff. Also, more than 500 individual service contracts were let to put men and equipment to work nn an hourly basis. Since District 1 suffered much the greater part of the damage; this was by far the highest number of emergency contracts iri any district—the few nego- tiated by District 2 were mainly in conne~:tion with reopening Route 299, in their assistance to District 1. Bids were opened on construction of a new Redwood Creek bridge on Route 299 ~n new alignment March 10 and low bid was $56$,648. This is to be a 674-foot-long steel In foreground, left to righf, Director of Public Works John Erreca and Highway Commissioners Abraham Kofman, Joseph C. Houghteling, and William S. Whitehurst look at gap in Redwood Highway north span 110 feet above the creek bed on of Rio Dell.

BELOW: Four-span log bridge, built as temporary replacement for des}rpyed bridge in foreground, is carrying Legal loads on State Route 36 just west of 8ridge- ville. Piers are log cribs filled with rock and gravel. Sections areneld together with steel cable.

VEN d07EN RlVf~ ~,~~~

~ r p, a ~ t r ~ ~~r a T a~ / •g Pt St George Crescent City

•- • ..f

A60VE: First stages in construction of temporary crossing over Klamath River fo replace washed-out 25 miles of road domaged. 5 Orleans suspension bridge. BELOW: Construction bridges damoged., stage on replacement bridge of Somesbar. With abutments and pier intact, girders were quickly i BELOW: Aeriof photo of site of Highway 49 bridge across American River near Auburn. When structure, positioned to replace truss which stream carried site of which is marked by dotted fine, was carried away by wall of wafer resulting from Hell Hole Dam away. failure, detour road was built and emergency tragic was routed across old railroad bridge at upper four concrete piers. Attention was given in the design to have the bridge complement the natural beauty of its setting. A special rough-textured finish will be applied to the concrete surface of the tall piers. On March 24 the Highway Com- mission allocated $1,000,000 to step up construction of the highway relocation on both sides of the bridge. On March 29 bids were advertised for this work. ~,", On March 24 bids were opened for r -~ - construction of a new bridge on State .- -~ Route 96 at Willow Creek, low bid Reconstructed Sign Route 36 in Van Duzen River Canyon. Height and extent of raw slopes indicate $396,693. amount of undercu+ting by stream in flood. The cost? State repairs when recal- culated firmly after all information was in, were expected to be $35,000,- 000, somewhat higher than first estimates. County repairs, however, were somewhat less, slightly below $23,- 000,000 rather than the $28,000,000 first estimated. On March 31 both houses of the Legislature had passed and sent to the Governor for signature the Collier Dill, effective April 1, which provides fora 1-cent additional gasoline tax fc~r nine months to collect the amount needed to defray the cost of repairs to flood damaged roads. 7'he Gover- nor signed it the same day. This will make the cost of the road damage about $5 for tl~e average car owner in

California. ABOVE: Rebuilt section of Route 249 near Willow Creek, carrying normal tragic in March.

BELOW: Temporary log bridge on pilings on Sign Route 36 east of Carlotta, now carrying legal tragic loads. 7"his is near Grizzly Creek Redwoods State Park.

a °: ,~

. <.. ~+~~ ~,

~ ;;":

v ~. t Y. ~ w. 5 ~' ~a ~'. ors ^ ~i •, -. ~ t }v, dw~+m ~}~ e,' d .'..

At right DW-21 loaded with grave( is proceeding to fill point, and of Weft tractor pushes another unit as if scrapes material from river bar, rebuilding road after Christmas 1964 flood. Scene is along lower Eel River, and some of material being replaced as road base probably previous to flood was road base farther upstream!

~ ~~ ~~~ ~ 1

Rebuilding After the 1964 Flond By JOHN ROBINSC~N, Information Officer

In late December 1964, after- the Almost all of this havoc was the work debris on the road created traffic in- floods subsided, the Redwood High- of the Eel River and its tributaries. terruptions or hazards. way north of Laytonville was no Northward from F,urelca there were It was the job of the highway em- longer a highway—it was string of further breaks at the washed-out ployees of District 1 in Eureka to short pieces of local road, with no Klamath River Bridge on US 101 and repair these places, both major and connections to the outside world. On in the total destruction of v~hole sec- small, so that motorists once again the southern portion gigantic slides tions of US 199, both bridges and could follow the long ribbon of the and washouts at Cummings, Leggett, roadway, in the Smith River Canyon. Redwood Highway true and uninter- Piercy and Richardson Grove effec- Between these major breaks, particu- rupted the 250-odd miles from Lay- tively stopped all traffic, and farther larly south of Eureka, there were tonville to the Oregon state line. north there were broken bridges at dozens of smaller places where slides, Equally important was the need for Scotia, Rio Uell and Robinson's Ferry. washouts, slumps, fallen trees, and moving to the San Francisco ]3ay area

14 Califc~rnir~ !-~i~h~vays artd Pubic Works population centers the products of the northwest lumber industry. It prom- ised to be a herculean task, particularly since the major effort first had to include the concurrent reopening of a "lifeline" route to Redding over US 299, which also, along its western sections, had suffered comparably along the Trinity River and in Wil- low Creek Canyon. Although destruction was widespread on state and county roads and the area's only railroad, there were several assets. One was the pool of trained construction workers and equipment which existed because the northwestern industry was predomi- nantly logging and lumber products. Lumber companies build their own reads, and hire many catskinners, truckdrivers, and other heavy equipment operators. Another asset was the well-experi- ABOVE: Temporary one-way bridge of wooden piles, beams, and planks built across break at north enced group of personnel in the end of Scotia-Rio Dell Bridge carried legal loads for several months. BELOW LEFT: Footbridge was first Eureka headquarters, many of whim span over gap and served many needs for two weeks. Requirements of sign were strictly enforced by civil defense officials. BELOW RIGHT: The footbridge, a simple suspension design, being built by Pacific had gone through the 1955 flood, and Lumber Co. and P.G. & E. employees. (Both Lower pictures Eureka Newspapers, Inc.)

~,:

/vlarch—~4pril 1965 15 '~$~~1jAy

( u .rte ~ ~i8~ .. ~: ~1

most of whom had learned to take rain and slides as part of their winter lot. In the realm of luck was the pres- ence of two large contractors with their staff and equipment. Best luck of -all was the way the weather co- operated, once it broke in the early part of January. In these first few days of recon- Five photos this page show steps in development of Blue Slide Road detour on Redwood Highway. Upper left is view of road on January 4 after flood; top is traffic moving in one-way convoys above struction, everything was done with cliffs before lower section repaired; directly above is filling operation on same section as shown in a prayer there would be no more upper left. Directly below, about ihree~ weeks later, lumber trucks moving over this seciian; and bottom, same detour road where it crosses the floodplain, heavy rain. The first stream crossings,. photographed March 17 after asphalt paving laid. low-level log bridges, were vulnerable to any rise. Substantial increases in stream velocities could sweep away in a few hours weeks of work building up road base. The weather held ab- normally good, and by March much of the work. had been consolidated, but was by no means out of danger.. A very valuable asset was the old concrete arch crossing at Fernbridge. Well nut on tine floodplain, where the force of the Eel is spent, it had stood through more than 50 rainy winters. LVhen the waters went down, it was the only usable crossing giving access to the south. Conceivably, the District 1 engineers reasoned, if a route could be opened from the other shore of Fern- _~.:. _ ~. bridge over county roads to Rio Dell, and if a temporary repair could be ..._ .z,_..= _.~.~._.~C- made on the Rio Dell-Scotia Bridge, and if the massive slides and washouts could be repaired, a road of sorts

16 4

.~,. _..tom .y_ ~, s ,~. 2 ~ m ,~ ,,,.. ,.+gyp&&- -^' - ~- .':- .~ x ,~.~ a ~- } a „ate Equipment clearing debris from famous old concrete span at Fernbridge. Panel delivery under approach ramp was washed there, not parked there. this bridge was only way to get across the Eef to the south from Eureka after flood. View is from north side. through to the south could be opened. Force, Navy, Army and Coast Guard down to Garberville. This was the The major piece in this connection aircraft converged on Eureka. Al- historic route established in the late would he a county route called the though operations were marred by 1800's and used until superseded by "Blue Side Road" which connected two helicopter crashes involving a the present Redwood Highway. (See Ferndale to Rio Dell along the south number of fatalities, there is no doubt Calif oYnia Highways qnd Public side of the Eel. Unfortunately at one the death toll from the floods «could Works, May—June and July—August place a stream normally a tiny rivulet have been much greater without the 1964.) had torn a great chasm across this use of modern aircraft. Much of this route has never been road, and in another place where it Shortly after Christmas Pacific improved. It is narrow, twisting, and ran close to the shoreline, the Eel had Lumber and utility company em- climbs to the ridge tops over grades completely removed nearly a mile, fill ployees built a small footbridge across impossible for modern passenger cars and all. the gap in the Rio Dell-Scotia Bridge. under winter conditions. In places it In the first few days of recovery Vital materials were hand-carried travels along the edge of deep chasms, after the disaster, while the engineers across this gap, and when roads to and large sections are unpaved: After were seeking means to once again the bridge were opened, even gasoline the first few -trips the soggy road sur- connect their nits and pieces of shat- was transferred from one tanker to face became hub-deep mud. During tered highway, movement of people another with a long hose. the heavy snows around New Year's, and vital supplies was exclusively by By December 27 the 49th Infantry the drifts were so deep nothing could air. In Rio Dell, Scotia, and on Dyer- of the California National Guard had negotiate the road, and all traffic was ville Bridge the paving was cleared established an emergency route from forced to stop. and used for a landing strip for light south of Cummings over the old high- Nevertheless, during the 17 days of planes, and something approaching a way up the Bell Springs grade and operation, the guard brought in 60 regular air service was developed. Air along the Mail Ridge route thence tons of vital supplies to the people of

March—April 1965 17

Works Public Public and and

Highways Highways California California 18 18

Sheriff.

County County through sections sections the the freeway freeway Since Since Slide Slide Road. Blue Blue the the on on ahead ahead

Norte or or Del Del Humboldt Humboldt the the weeks. either either twa twa less less than than in in going traffic traffic been been work work had had rying rying meantime, meantime, the the In In

by issued issued 13. pass pass it it defense defense had had car- civil civil and and road road January January base base proper proper on on a a completed completed the the was was this this replaced replaced and and

had crews crews Bridge the the the the north, north, Scotia -Rio -Rio cross cross without Dell Dell to to the the on on in in gap gap gravel gravel permitted permitted the the was was vehicle vehicle

across riverbed hauling hauling -lane -lane span span -21's -21's one DW several several temporary, temporary, a a and and for for load. load. No safe safe the the as as set set was was 25 25 tons tons

south south let end,

was was a a the the 30 30 on on contract contract fill fill hauling hauling trucks trucks 16 16 December December On On situation, the the of of view view In In conditions. conditions.

with ends, ends, from from both both

Working Working

built. built.

it. and and behind behind before before under under combat be be would would this this but but tons, tons,

being being re- was was river river the the

along along section section vehicle

a a

military military

car, car,

each each passenger passenger

65 was was craft craft

the the of of

capacity capacity

Rated Rated

Slide Blue Blue the the the the Eel, Eel, while while

to above above

with with tow tow cables cables like like mountaineers mountaineers

overboard. fell fell

cliffs of of edge edge the the

traversed traversed

which which out

strung strung

be be to to

these these had had

places places In In

anyone

case case in in lane lane ferry ferry the the

below below

by by

route -lane -lane one

slippery, slippery, ancient, ancient,

an an

motorists.

stranded stranded cars cars of of

of of dozens dozens

stood

constantly constantly boat boat guard guard

A A

down. down.

use to to forced forced was was traffic traffic

first, first,

At At

out brought brought

and and

area, area,

Garberville Garberville the the

coming drift drift dangerous dangerous of of warn warn to to

stationed

was was

"spotter" "spotter" a a

and and

ardous, ardous,

Canyon. River River Smith Smith the the in in bridge bridge destruction destruction and and

washouts washouts bad bad

the the and and mark mark 32 32

30, 30, 29, 29,

31, 31, and and Nos. Nos.

haz-

too too

proved proved

this this

Bridge,

but but logs, logs, River River Klamath Klamath -out -out the the washed indicates indicates drifting drifting No. No. 27 27 bridge bridge a a at at abutment. abutment. problem problem repair repair minor minor

26 26 No. No.

proved proved

area, area, -Rio -Rio Dell Dell the the in in Scotia damaged damaged

three three were were bridges bridges the the 25 25 and and 23, 24, 24, 23, from Nos. Nos. craft craft the the

protect protect to to

considered considered

points.

these these of of south south the the io io miles miles several several for for and and 35 35 22 22 and and Nos. Nos. of of in in was was vicinity vicinity

Highway Highway

Redwood Redwood

was

upstream upstream

boom boom

a a

log log first first

At At

—on

and and washouts

slides, slides, gulleys, gulleys, slipouts, slipouts, damage— "side "side water" water" Worst Worst

damage. damage. worst worst of of stretches stretches

lines lines mark

black black Heavy Heavy 28, 28, 1964. 1964. December December on on California California northwestern northwestern for for map map situation situation Highway Highway

service. regular regular

GI,OSURfS GI,OSURfS Iz-28-~4. started ferry ferry the the day day next next The The drivers. drivers.

~. ~. their of of delight delight the the to to

over, over, much much

~~~~ ~~~~ ~~~~ ~~~~ _,,. ~M~~~~~

~ ~ ~ ~ M M

..~h

ferried were were vehicles vehicles stranded stranded several several

and day, day, same same made made the the were were Tests Tests

~~'~~'\

stream. the the across across the the ferry ferry push push

help to to current current the the using using side, side, stream stream

down- the the against against pushed pushed which which boats boats

from from motor- came came Power Power framework. framework.

the on on deck deck a a steel steel with with together, together,

pontoons six six the the held held framework framework steel steel

A was was simple. simple. tons, tons, 65 65 carry carry to to rated rated

and feet feet long long 93 93 craft, craft, river. river. The The the the

into out out ramps ramps landing landing gravel gravel pushed pushed

had personnel personnel I- iighways iighways of of Division Division

State and and Klamath, Klamath, of of town town astated astated

, , . .

Re~a~nq =: =: dev- the the below below just just river river the the of of bank bank

north the the on on ferry ferry the the assembled assembled had had

Engineers 8 8 Army Army

the the

January January By By

v~Ut(~

iNt~vt iNt~vt

a a

~,~~~`'~~ ~,~~~`'~~ ~ ~ TitNrfy TitNrfy

personnel. and and supplies supplies of of amounts amounts ~, ~, ~-

small carry carry to to capacity capacity sufficient sufficient

only had had which which jet jet boat, boat, by by made made ~ ~ i i .~ .~ . ~ ~ ~ ~ e e

being were were then then Crossings Crossings rary rary bridge. bridge.

of of tempo- a a possibility possibility any any precluded precluded

~ ~" 4 4

~ ~ ~~. ~~. .- .-

swift swift current and and

deep deep channel channel the the

a. a.

~ ~ ~,i

~~,.. ~~,..

~ ~

...... _ _

- - ~; ~;

where Klamath Klamath the the River, River, at at the the gap gap - - - - ~~. ~~. ~

about do do

something something they they could could hope hope

,~~ ,~~

~~~~., ~~~~., ~ ~

d, d, ~ ~ ..r ..r , , ~~ ~~

the in in their their help, help, requested requested had had ning ning

~ ~

~-{ ~-{

Plan- Emergency Emergency of of Office Office The The ferry. ferry.

platform pontoon pontoon type, type, combat combat a a

to to build necessary necessary the the parts parts all all were were

trucks Tn Tn the the vehicles. vehicles. 41 41 84 84 and and men men

with Washington, Washington, Lewis, Lewis, Fort Fort from from

City Crescent Crescent into into rolled rolled had had sion sion

Divi- Infantry Infantry the the Fourth Fourth of of company company

engineering an an the the meantime, meantime, In In

checkpoints. defense defense

by by civil but but controlled controlled to to Garberville, Garberville,

Eureka from from thus thus open open was was the the road road

Scotia, of of south south crossings crossings the the Eel Eel at at all all ,r

bridges usable usable were were and and there there shape, shape,

good relatively relatively were were in in the the redwoods redwoods Forfunafely, several tonfraefors already had big Grader is engaged in cleaning silt and debris ofl' Redwood Highway four-lane section south of Fortuna. rock trucks such as this in fhe vicinity, and they were invaluable in replacing road base.

nb ~ `~ e ~+ a 5~.. 3 ~~

Boom of backhoe is used as crane for lifting sec- ABOVE: Amounf of fill reauired to repair such slipouts was dependent upon how far down "toe" of fions of culvert into place while repairing washout slope lay. BELOW: Grader, front-end loader, and dump trucks work together to remove silt in Orick, near Richardson Grove. several feel deep in places, qs can be seen beyond highway shoulder.

i " a~. ~`~. _ a.~~ 3 ~ =~.

~9 #~,3(6 ~'. '~ ! ~.,..>,.,,~. r.:

.1 r1

~r g, c~

~. ~ ~

Crane removes logs washed up on undamaged section of county road near Ferndale in order to use it for detour for Redwood Highway.

Frpnt-end loader, assisted by tractors equipped with both blades and rippers, keeps stream of material flowing in trucks from "borrow" site selected fo provide fill for washed-out sectians.

Maintenance crew from Idlewild on US 799 in the Smifih River Canyon, Minor slide on Redwood Highway south of Cummings being cleared by clearing debris from bridge which survived the storm, front-end loador and trucks.

~; ~- M1e,~ b..µ

~ ~ ;~~z~„ ~ .~:~ 3..

~; ~w-~ ~; ` ,,, ' ~ .

,~r* bgn ~ ~/f ~v t ~'e Although hardly more than 100 vehicles were ferried daily during the first weeks, proficiency gradually increased. On February 18 another 30 feet was added to the ferry, and the load limit was raised to the legal highway maximum. By this t~.me the daily lift was more than 500 vehicles. From its first trip the little ferry caught the imagination of the press, and it got wide publicity over the state. This was well deserved, for it faithfully served traffic during daylight hours for more than two months, with only afew- interruptions from river level changes. When the pile structure filling the broken gap on the Klamath Bridge was opened March 14, the ferry was retired after an estimated 5,527 trips across the turbulent stream. During its slightly more than two months of operation, it had carried nearly 30,000 vehicles. While somewhat less dramatic, the repair of the bridge was also a considerable feat. An emergency contract was let on I3ecember 28, but the contractor could do little except size up the jab until he had materials, which had to come in from the San Francisco Bay area. On the 9th of January they came in on a barge, and were unloaded and carried by truck the 70 miles from Fields Landing to the south approaches. The barge next went to Crescent City and unloaded the materials for the ziorth end, which needed to be trucked only 21 miles. Work was started on the 11th of January, and the crossing was opened to traffic on Sunday evening, March 14, after almost exactly two months ABOVE: Portly rebuilt section of Route 199 in Smith River Canyon. Rock wall was for protection of fill elapsed time. Since the temporary but river rose much too higR. BELOW: First truck convoy south from Eureka area on US 101 at Garbery ville at 2 a.m. on morning of January 16th waifing order to proceed. structure is on piles, with close spac- ing, it is vulnerable to damage by drift should the river rise. A deflector or buffer of piles was placed upstream for protection. Meanwhile, on the upper reaches of the Eel scores of tractors and hun- dreds of dirt carriers were working. The sections south of Garberville began to come under control about the time the Rio Dell-Scotia Bridge was opened, and a few days later the first convoy of four-wheel-drive vehicles was brought through from the south. (The first convoy on Route 299 had come through nn January 5th.)

March—April 1965 ~ ~

~~ ~~~» -. M_ ~ -.....

ffi ? .. r~v'Ae.

wll~~

ro¢:k V•~~Q~ t

~s~EtW~~4.4~i. - +1i91'...... ,.~... .-~ ..+,v ... +wWw~4 ."Bnt < F .~.., .. '+w-~.

Widely publicized Sixth Army pontoon ferry crossing Klamath River; ruined bridge upper left with log Red Cross girl serving schoolchildren at Klamath spotter watching upstream. Note debris on bridge. (Eureka Newspapers, Inc., photo.) Piers in back- crossing, January 8, 1965. Army pontoon ferry in ', ground are for new highway bridge under construction. background.

When the first convoy of 48 trucks and pickups made it south from Gar- berville over US 101, it got big news- rs;~ paper space all over the state. Leaving Garberville January 16th at 2:30 on a chill and foggy Saturday morning, the long line of rigs, preceded by Highway Patrol and Division of High- ways vehicles, skirted washouts and ~~ slipouts along 200-foot cliffs for two hoars in darkness and had visibility until it arrived safely at Laytonville at the foot of Rattlesnake Grade. The "'^" only casualty was one grocery trcick which sank in soft going and ripped off one of its fuel lines. Included in the convoy were several lumber r:. ~ . • trucks and a "reefer" load of Hu~n- ~~~"'~ boldt crab meat. Due to the road ~'~~ condition, none of these rigs were

Klamath River Bridge with temporary repairs, opened to traffic on March 14, 7965. permitted to tow trailers.

Pontoon ferry landing with load of emergency utility repair vehicles borrowed from Oregon early in January. Ferry had been operating only a few Jays at this time. High water and current were serious problems.

-:: .: j That evening a similar and much larger convoy started north from an assembly point a fe~v miles above Laytonville, and made it through without serious difficulty. Movements could be made only at night, since reconstruction work obliterated sections of the road during daylight hours. The daily two-way nighttime convoys were continued for some time, with crews each day repairing any damage and continuing to build up and firm the road. In less than a week legal loads were allowed, and continued to move despite heavy rain in two instances.

On January 20 Mr. Larry T. Mar- Repairs going forward on Robinson Ferry Bridge over the EeI. Crews gambled stream would no! flood shall of U.S. Plywood in Eureka again phis winter, and as payoff bridge will be opened to tragic in May. Wreckage of oId spans lies wrote Mr. Helwer: in center foreground. "Today we were greatly delighted to see the first truck and trailer load of plywood roll out of here headed south to join the convoy at Garber- vil~e. It was a small beginning, but nonetheless a hopeful one and cer- tainly good for our spirits. Tomorrow we expect to roll five fully loaded rigs. In 10 days or so we can roll nine each day and put all of our people to work." On the 24th the southbound convoy actually was turned back at Gar- berville after three inches of rain fell at Rattlesnake Summit, but traffic began moving again the next day. The same day, the North Coast Timber Association announced 12 Humboldt County mills had resumed operation in the previous two weeks and 717 persons had returned to work. On the 26th there was a massive ABOVE: After first building low-level log bridge to move equipment in, contractor here, using from-end slide at Piercy, and all movements loader as crane, puts logs in place for abutment for higher level crossing. BELOW: The finished bridge, were held up for 24 hours until it crossing Patrick's Creek, US 194. could be cleared. By this time, passenger cars were being allowed in the convoys, and departure times at assembly points were reversed at the request of the truckers. T`wo days later the convoy system on 101 south of Eureka was dropped entirely, with no restrictions on nighttime travel. On February 2 this portion of the route was opened to 24- hour traffic, subject to delays at reconstruction points, and with speed and single-vehicle restrictions on the damaged bridges at Big Dann and Cedar Creeks.

March—April 1965

entity.

single a a again again once once was was Highway Highway

Redwood the the and and roadway, roadway, the the in in

interruption last last was was the the This This fore. fore.

be- night night the the of of bridge bridge the the reopening reopening

celebraring a a ceremony ceremony for for Klamath Klamath

at gathered gathered Norte Norte County County of of Del Del

Corrimerce of of Chamber Chamber the the and and merce merce

Com- of of Chamber Chamber Eureka Eureka Greater Greater

the of of representatives representatives March, March, of of 15th 15th

the Monday, Monday, of of afternoon afternoon the the On On

ever. as as fast fast as as :~; .' .' moving moving ~a~ ~a~ was was traffic traffic

sites, construction construction delays delays at at the the for for

except

that that reported reported time time this this about about pier. center center of of virtue virtue by by loads loads legs! legs! carry carry can can buf buf

high,

girder girder one one only only is is This This

River. River. Smifh Smifh across across Route Route 199 199 US US on on replocement replocement road this this Bridge Bridge over over Bailey Bailey trip trip made made the the who who Another Another man man

news- A A sites. sites. construction construction at at

delay delay

slower

a a at at

here here

work work proceeded proceeded cess, cess,

$223,304.25. Bridge, Bridge, to Dell Dell subject subject basis, basis, 24 -hour -hour a a on on

traffic traffic

ac- of of

difficulties difficulties

the the

of of

Because Because

wild. wild. -Rio Scotia the the to to repairs repairs Permanent Permanent to to all open open road road the the with with lifted, lifted, were were

Idle-

and and

Gasquet Gasquet

between between

Canyon Canyon

restrictions and and improved improved was was dition dition

$126,720.

River

Smith Smith

199 199

the the

in in

US US of of

tion tion

con- this this February February of of 14th 14th Creels, the the On On

Rattlesnake Rattlesnake

and and line line

county county

sec-

was was the the Highway Highway

Redwood Redwood the the

Humboldt

between between

Highway Highway

wood wood bridge.

log log narrow narrow one one onto onto ing ing

on damage damage major major area area of of

other other The The

Red- the the on on pavement pavement

Restoring Restoring lead- turn turn sharp sharp the the

around around maneuver maneuver

sites.

construction construction

not

could could

they they because because excluded excluded were were $93,960. line, line, county county the the Mendocino Mendocino

delays delays at

some some with with

season, season,

current current

trailers

and and

Semis Semis loads. loads. and legal legal with with Dell Dell Rio Rio between between wood wood Highway Highway

the by by condition condition

good good in in be be

will will

road road

trucks

unit unit single single cars cars and and passenger passenger Red- the the on on pavement pavement Restoring Restoring

but but the let, let, be be will will contracts contracts

Other Other

including

were were

4, 4,

co~lvoys co~lvoys

February February

follows: as as

awarded awarded have have been been also also

1965. 15, 15,

December December

extended. extended.

was was

system system

the the convoy convoy

repairs

permanent permanent for for Contracts Contracts

trafi~ic trafi~ic on for for be be to to

open open is is expected expected

improved,

were were road road the the and and bridges bridges

were were bridge imposed. The The strictions strictions $2,020,023. $2,020,023.

low low the the bid bid

the

As As

28. 28.

January January on on run run Pass Pass Grants Grants

re-

double double trailer trailer with 13, 13, truck truck

1Vlarch 1Vlarch 31, 31, March March on on Sacramento Sacramento in in opened opened

City-

Crescent Crescent the the on on truck truck mail mail

were was was completed paving paving Bids Bids this this 1964 1964 Until Until water. water.

19th. 19th. high high cember cember

U.S. a a

was was

road road the the traverse traverse to to vehicle vehicle

the

De- bn bn started started the the work work above above 15 15 and and $140,220 $140,220 of of of of feet feet clearance clearance a a

First by by convoys. convoys. followed followed quickly quickly

bid with

a a nn nn low low and and awarded awarded feet feet route route long long was was 1,025 1,025 this this bridge bridge lane lane

-drive -drive vehicles, four -wheel were were ments ments

four-

fora fora for for a a surfacing 18th 18th contract contract contract, contract, the the On On bridge bridge major major a a

move- first first routes, routes, on on other other the the As As

is This This also. structure. structure. other other traffic traffic This This delayed delayed parallel parallel Dell. Dell. -out -out washed

fill.

yards yards of of of of

sands sands

the Rio replace replace just just to to outside outside grades grades Scotia Scotia pery, pery, steep steep South South at at Bridge Bridge

thou- many many

of of

replacement replacement

quired quired

the the slip- and and new new Memorial fill fill Fleisher Fleisher the the on on Richard Richard trouble trouble new new

This This re-

barriers. barriers.

these these

top top

of of

the the

the on on let let been been having has has were were 15, 15, still still but but trucks trucks contract contract ary ary The The

right right over boiled boiled it it

high high so so

was was

stream stream

basis. Febru- and and -plus -plus opened opened two two lanes lanes a a 1965 1965 handle handle cost on on

for for the

valueless, valueless,

was was

riprap riprap

tecting tecting

5, January January to let let contract contract was was rebuilt rebuilt Howe Howe Creek Creek at at but but bridge bridge emergency emergency

Pro-

was was left. left.

nothing nothing

curves, curves,

outside outside

~650,00~ cost cost Estimated Estimated temporary ~Che ~Che little little Slide Slide Road. Road. Bridge. Bridge. Blue Blue Ferry Ferry

on highway highway

the the struck struck torrents torrents

ing ing

the the to to Robinson repairs repairs on on Permanent Permanent the still still problems problems

were were

There There

the the for for rush- where where road, road, the the building building

re- virtually virtually entailed entailed construction construction bock bock cover.)

bridge bridge seen seen is is on (7his (7his platforms. platforms. Iit1Je Iit1Je

on on rollers rollers set set by by the the fhey fhey out out are are over over pushed pushed opening opening re- in in canyon canyon the the places places In In

many many

are are joined sections sections As As

199. 199. US US on on io io Smith Smith River River cross cross assembled assembled Bridge Bridge being being First First Bailey Bailey girders girders of of

Bailey Bailey bridge. a a with with replaced replaced was was

bridge bridge washout another another here here cif cif south south

Three Three miles alignment. alignment. on on new new made made

road road could could be the the of of reconstruction reconstruction

already already planned of of completion completion until until

loads legal legal carry carry to to bridge bridge adequate adequate

a a log to to build build was was authorized authorized end end that that

from on on reconstruction reconstruction working working tor tor

the the contrac- and and destroyed, destroyed, been been had had

Creels Patrick's Patrick's crossing crossing bridge bridge The The

suffice. not not would would construction construction

temporary inadequate inadequate industry, industry, ing ing

the the lumber- with with is is associated associated winter winter

in this this section section on on the the of of traffic traffic much much

since Also, Also, the the south. south. to to than than pace pace MORE "BEFORE AND AFTER" PHOTOGRAPHS

In addition to those inside fhe front and back and how it looks since repaired. the two upper "after." The lower pair shows a section of U$ i99 covers, these photos show "before and after" pairs are in the Cummings-Leggett vicinity, and in fhe Smith River Canyon, first in mid-January, views of destruction on the Redwood Highway, about two months have elapsed from "before" to then about five weeks later.

~ ~, ~'

Much of the work of reopening highways after a disastrous storm is like this—wet, cold, and muddy u os e or Nothing 8u# Praise for Highway Workers

A great asset to the Division of devotion and efforts beyond the call weekends, and will continue on this Highways in repairing flood-damaged of duty. Most of our people worked basis until this extreme emergency .has highways was the group of dedicated without rest, often under extremely passed. Some of our initial efforts may and experienced personnel in the field hazardous conditions. Some of our be nullified by additional storms that at the time. The tremendous effort and people were dropped into isolated must be expected before spring; how- achievement of these workers who re- areas by small planes and helicopters, ever, our efforts will continue un- opened the roads in northern Cali- after which they covered many miles diminished. fornia after the Christmas 1964 floods on foot through snow, hail, and flood "As district engineer, I am grateful are indicated in some of the commen- in continuing bad weather in order to to all of our people at every dations issued later. level who bring back reliable information on the are working so hard to restore the In a special memorandum to all Dis- extent of damage as well as recorn- highways so badly needed in this trict 1 personnel dated January 4, mendations for procedures on repair area. I am confident this will be done 1965, District Engineer Sam Helwer and restoration of facilities. as soon as humanly possible. I am said in part: "As usual, the work of our main- humble in the knowledge. that our or- "The organization and personnel of tenance and construction personnel has ganization is filled with trained per- our own Division of Highways have been outstanding in every way. Work sonnel who go to work autornatically not only responded to this emergency has been carried on around the clock and efficiently when emergencies efficiently but also with characteristic through Christmas, New Year's, and arise."

26 California Highways and Public Works ASSEMBLY RESOLUTION ing in the isolation of many commu- On February 18, 1965, the State As- nities; and sembly adopted unanimously House "WHEREAS, The maintenance per- Resolution No. 175 which included sonnel, engineers and other em- these statements: ployees of the Division of Highways "WHEREAS, The men of District of the Department of Public Worlcs, 1 of the Division of Highways, under in this grave situation, responded the direction of District Highway En- wholeheartedly and heroically to their gineer Sam Helwer, were faced with duty, working long hours in adverse the awesome responsibility of main- weather under extremely difficult and taining the highways of the severely hazardous conditions; stricken portions of northern Califor- "Now, therefore, be it resolved b y nia during the floods of December the California HighzUay Coy~rrnission, 1964 and January 1965; and That it hereby expresses to these em- "WHEREAS, These floods caused ployees its sincere appreciation and unprecedented damage and unfortu- admiration for their outstanding nate loss of life; and service to the people of California in this emergency, and its further com- Henry H. Pickrell, assistant mointenance engineer, "WHEREAS, The loss of life and District 2, Redding, who took charge of work mendation to them for the rapidity opening Route 299 from the eastern end. property would have been far greater with which damaged state highways except for the almost miraculous job were reopened to public travel." "WxFRFns, All of the personnel and highway repair and of emergency facilities of the- Division of Highways done by Mr. Helwer and maintenance SENATE RESOWTION were promptly and efficiently mobi- his staff' in order to keep the highways On March 2 the State Senate unani- lized in an all-out effort to reestablish open to relief-bearing transportation; with Senate the vital highway links into the af- and mously followed suit Resolution No. 87, which included fected area in an amazingly short pe- exceptional job "WHEREAS, This these paragraphs: riod of time; and and beyond the call of was above `.`WHEREAS The efforts of these tradition of "WHEREAS, The devastation caused duty and in the highest state employees did much to alleviate now, therefore, by the. storm resulted in the destruc- American heroism; the impact of the disaster, and did tiorn or substantial .impairment of all be it much to support the morale and con- "Resolved by the Asseynbly of the means of travel and other communica- fidence of the residents of the disaster State of Calif ornia, That the members tion over vast areas, resulting in the area; now, therefore, be it total isolation of numerous communi- extend their highest and most heart- "Resolved by the Senate of the State and felt commendation to Sam Helwer ties; of California, That the members and the staff of Division of Highways "WxExFAS, Any undue delay in the warmly commend Sam Helwer and District 1 for their role in averting restoration of adequate means of the staff of District I of the division greater disaster, and express the hope travel throughout this vast area could for their magnificent work in avert- that these men will continue their have seriously aggravated the effects ing greater disaster; ." magnificient work;... " of this awesome disaster; and Although Division of Highways At its February 24, 1965, meeting "WHERF,AS, In the true tradition of personnel at District Headquarters and the California- Highway Commission American heroism,-all of the personnel in Sacramento spent long hours both unanimously adopted a resolution of District I of the Division of High- in the field and in offices planning and ef- containing these words: ways, under the most competent lead- coordinating the reconstruction forts, the brunt of the work fell upon "WHEREAS, Storms occurring dur- ership of District Highway Engineer the men at the scene. ing the latter part of December 1964 Sam Helwer, worked unceasingly Without exception all highway per- caused unprecedented floods in during even the most violent period of sonnel in the flood areas unstintingly streams and rivers throughout north- the storm in a most gallant effort to gave of their time and energy, but the ern California, resulting in tragic loss maintain and to reopen the highways following examples of the work done of life and heavy damage to private in this devastated area; and by some of the maintenance personnel as well as public property, including "WxFxEas, These public-spirited will serve to, clearly illustrate the State highways; and many ac- state employees performed caliber of these men and their work: "WHEREAS, Many state highway tions above and beyond the call of bridges were destroyed or damaged, duty in order to aid the citizens of the Samuel, A. McCush of Pierey, Retired and numerous sections of highway stricken communities in a number of A random selection from the per- closed by slides and washouts, result- other ways; and sonnel files shows that as far back as

March—April 1965 27

Public Public 1Norks and and Highways Highways California California

this this of of publication. issues issues op- the the entire entire During During supplies: supplies: medical medical

many fill fill would would catalogue catalogue entire entire The The and food food needed needed badly badly of of portation portation

emergency. the the to to responded responded people people im- the the and and people, people, injured injured and and sick sick

highway which which with with heroism heroism and and even even of the the evacuation evacuation allowing allowing hours, hours, nine nine

ingenuity

dedication, dedication, of of examples examples the the and days days eight eight of of time time elapsed elapsed total total

few a a

are are only only These These Meers Meers Creek. Creek. at at a after after traffic traffic emergency emergency for for opened opened

interstate interstate

on on washout washout the the discovered discovered was road road The The loads. loads. for for legal legal adequate adequate

who and and

Dyerville, Dyerville, at at bridge bridge the the saved saved bridges three three of of construction construction and and outs, outs,

who

employees employees

highway highway those those were were wash- many many of of filling filling slides, slides, numerous numerous

issue

previous previous in in the the

Mentioned Mentioned of clearance clearance the the included included work work The The

Corrections. of of

Department Department Creek. Willow Willow

Director,

to to the the

of of appreciation appreciation

letter letter east east of 299 299 US US 49 49 of of miles miles the the opened opened

in in

Engineer Engineer

Highway Highway

the the State State by by

re- clock, clock, the the around around working working and and

and

supervisor, supervisor, camp camp the the

by by

writing writing

operations, of of charge charge took took Eureka, Eureka,

commended commended were were

members members

camp camp

in 1 1 District District of of request request at at the the ding, ding,

honor

four four All All

convalescing. convalescing. ently ently

Red- in in road road open." office office 2 2 the the District District fo fo "get "get the the Highwoy Highwoy of of

wood wood

rell, rell,

Red- pres- the the is is and and on on

pay pay without without concussion, concussion, days days

and and mild mild 12 12 for for bone bone worked worked

and and

Pick-

Henry Henry

repairs, repairs,

make make

to to

through through

crews organised organised

68, 68, of of age age

at at

1954 1954

in in fus, fus, refired refired

pelvic cracked cracked a a

with with

was was

hospitalized hospitalized

getting emeri- foreman foreman highway highway Eureka Eureka Piercy, Piercy, from from of of

McCush McCush Samuel Samuel equipment equipment

Sheffield ashore. ashore. man man

unconscious unconscious

the the

and men men preventing preventing

Creek, Creek,

Willow Willow

bring

helped helped and and the the stream stream

entered entered

was of He He west west years. years. 10 10

for for destroyed destroyed vicinity vicinity

Piercy Piercy completely completely

299 299

also

G. G. Cassen Cassen Wayne Wayne and and

Rhoades Rhoades

the in in Highway ranching ranching US US

of of miles miles

peacefully peacefully been been

several several had had

With With

B. so so Elmer Elmer ashore, ashore, him him getting getting

struck, 1964 1964

of of

floods floods

Christmas Christmas

the the Redding

Engineer, Engineer,

Maintenance Maintenance

trouble

having having

were were

245, 245, rescuers rescuers the the

Highway Assistant Assistant Pickrell, Pickrell, when H. H.

and, and, 1954 1954 Henry Henry

in in

retired retired

was was

Sam Sam

about weighs weighs and and tall tall 6'S" 6'S" is is

Sheffield Sheffield

him." know know who who public public the the

and and

men men

Since him. him. years." rescue rescue to to

water water the the into into

his by by

respected respected is is and and

men men his his

among among

for Department` Department` dove Parvin, Parvin, Maintenance Maintenance Lee Lee the the by by Jacic Jacic

mediately mediately

leader a a is is He He

organizer. organizer. as as

an an

average average

in prevailed prevailed has has im- that that followed followed corps corps de de Havard, Havard, S. S. esprit esprit James James when when

above and and

foreman foreman

shovel shovel cellent cellent

the of of example example current fine fine swift swift another another is is the the by by gency gency downstream downstream

ex-

An An

...... oil oil

and and

bridges bridges

powder, powder,

emer- this this in in carried action action being being was was he he Your Your unconscious, unconscious, $200,000. $200,000.

including

construction, construction,

highway highway

of of

and and Injured Injured $150,000 $150,000 creek. creek. the the into into between between feet feet

32 32

fell fell Garberville, Garberville,

phases all all

with with

conversant conversant

thoroughly thoroughly

in and log, log, a a rolling rolling Superintendent Superintendent by by

the the structure structure

off off Highway Highway

rows, rows,

foreman,

excellent excellent

"an "an was was he he

cause cause

knocked was was

Sheffield Sheffield Bur-

Bud Bud

foreman foreman Sam Sam

Mr. Mr. to to

according according

state, state, the the

be-

salary salary in in

$5 $5 month month per per

of of

raise raise

Highway

Creek, Creek,

Dillon Dillon at at

bridge bridge log log a a

saved

has has

101, 101, Highway Highway US US

on on

Piercy, Piercy,

a for for

recommended recommended was was

foreman, foreman, way way

building was was

group group 41 41

Camp Camp

Honor Honor

of vicinity vicinity the the

in in

work work

emergency emergency

high-

McCush, McCush,

Samuel Samuel 1928 1928

December December

same

this this when when

18th, 18th, January January On On

other and and culverts, culverts, opening opening trees, trees,

ing ing

work. his his for for

engineer engineer

maintenance maintenance

remov- with with

connection connection

in in

equipment equipment

County.

bofdl bofdl

district

the the

by by

commended commended was was ~~ith ~~ith

Hum- Inn, Inn,

Scotia Scotia

at at and

men men

in in of of January January meeting meeting special special

crew crew small small a a taining taining

Beck-

99 span. span. -foot -foot

one one

with with

at bridge bridge Commission Commission Highway Highway the the of of

members members

and and

ob-

in in action action

intelligent intelligent

and and

immediate immediate

citizens local local fo fo situation situation

highway highway log reports reports the the on on two -span -span a a of of

construction construction

cluded cluded

Eureka, 1, 1, District District of of "Your

engineer engineer disfriN disfriN said, said,

Helwer, Helwer,

Sam Sam further further

Womack Womack

Mr. Mr. so so in- do do To To emergency. emergency. the the during during

town the the to to 1964." assistance assistance of of be be 21, 21, might might cember cember

personnel his his that that on on so so De- began began Camp Camp which which Happy Happy flood flood the the during during

road road the the

reopened reopened

days days four four and and in in initiative own own your your on on did did you you work work

materials and and

personnel personnel

11is 11is organized organized

the the "excellent for for Sam Sam

commended commended

Beckwith waters, waters, flood flood

by by destroyed destroyed

5, 5, 1965

February February

on on

Womack Womack

C. C. J. J.

was

Creek Creek Clear Clear at at

bridge bridge the the When When

letter, you" you" "thank "thank personal personal a a In In

County

Siskiyou Siskiyou 41, 41,

Camp Camp

Nonor Nonor Slate Slate

open." road road

the the get get

to to wanted wanted "I "I Superintendent, Highway Highway BeekwiTh, BeekwiTh, Russell Russell

said, just just he he later, later, him him to to out out pointed pointed

road." was this this when when and and

his his work, work,

for for

the

opened opened

So So we we road. road.

the the

open open and and pay not not expect expect could could he he status, status,

retired retired

there out out to to get get

me me told told

Wilson, Wilson,

Mr. Mr.

of of his Because Because repairs. repairs.

to to

effect effect week week

boss,

"My "My

replied replied

Picicrell Picicrell

Mr. Mr.

forts, forts,

a days days seven seven hours hours

long long labored labored

lated, lated,

his his ef- for for

Pickrell Pickrell

~'VIr. ~'VIr.

commended commended

was was iso- area area

Piercy Piercy

the the weeks weeks

several several

area devastated devastated

the the

visiting visiting

committee committee

for for the and, and,

and and equipment equipment

men men ized ized

sub- congressional congressional

special special the the

When When

he he organ- receded, receded, flood flood the the after after in in

snow.

and and rain rain continuous continuous was the the highway highway state state the the at at horrified horrified

harassed harassed

were were workers workers the the eration, eration, Nevertheless, age. age. of of years years 78 78 then then 299 between The Bailey Bridge of Grey Creek photographed on January 7, 1963, when it was already a major facPor ~n movement of convoy ira~c on Route Redding and Eureka.

March—,4prit 1965 29 r

In 1964, 30.6 county area, about 14,000,000,000 DISTRICT miles of new free- Editor's note: For clarity, freeway miles were traveled on state highways way were opened names commonly used by the gen- within the district, of which about 9,- to traffic in Los eral public are utilized in this report 000,000,000 miles were on freeways Angeles, Orange instead of route numbers. and expressways. and Ventura Coun- Thus, although freeways and ties, making Dis- expressways comprise only trict 7's share of way. Route location studies resulted 31 percent of the district's mileage, the California free- in adoption by the California High- they carry nearly 68 percent of the way and expressway Commission of another 111.1 traffic using state facilities. Further- way system nearly one-third com- miles of freeway, including the last more, freeway travel computations portion of plete. District 7's interstate sys- have shown that motorists saved $413,- tem In addition, another 21.5 miles were -15.4 miles of the Foothill Free- 000,000 during the year, including under way. construction, 406 miles were $95,000,000 in operating costs, $18,- in some stage of design, and 2,500 During 1964, snore than 4,000,000 000,000 in accident costs, and $300,- parcels were acquired for rights-of- vehicles were registered in the tri- 000,000 in time. 30 vCalifornia Highways and Public Works Orange County, the progress of District 7 freeways have been highly In addition to accessibility, the free- In the San Diego Freeway has precipi- significant in preparing for the rapid way loop provides landscaped "open tated rapid growth in Fountain Valley growth of the tricounty area. With space." In many parts of the down- and Huntington Beach, the latter was the population soaring from nearly 3,- town sector, the landscaped freeway one of the fastest growing cities in 000,000 in 1940 to more than 8,000,000 furnishes the only "green" in sight. California last year. To the southeast, in 1965—and with projections of 12,- By nature cif its right-of-way width, where the San Diego Freeway route 000,000 by 1980 —swift development the freeway precludes the emergence into the Santa Ana Freeway, resi- of a good transportation system has of what urban planners sometimes ties development has begun and is been essential. But in broader ger- call the "concrete jungle"—skyscrap- dential to continue at a steady pace spective, what has made the freeways ers knit together in row after row, expected promise of greater freeway a dynamic force in planning for the shutting nut light and air. with the population influx is that the accessi- In suburban and rural areas, surges service. of the future bility they provide influences what in real estate development are occur- Along the route residential develop- others do with the land surrounding ring as definite plans for freeways, Pomona Freeway, rapidly in a them. In a very real sense, the freeway water, and other public necessities un- ment is continuing from the system has paved the way for others fold. Currently, some of the most dis- northeasterly direction region and in a to revitalize Los Angeles' central city cernible surges are occurring in the Whittier-La Habra in the La and to develop and unify suburban Saugus-Newhall, Simi Valley, Orange southeasterly direction and rural areas. County, and Puente Hills areas. Puente-Walnut area. —present and po- Photographs taken in 1933, 1953, Spillout from the San Fernando Freeway service been a major factor and 1964 demonstrate the metamor- Valley has been attracted to the Sau- tential—has also new, planned communities. phosis which occurred in Los Angeles' gus-Newhall region, now served by in locating the 93,000-acre civic center in just over 30 years. Re- the Golden State-San Diego Freeway One of the largest, County, will cently constructed modern govern- complex. By 1970, this area will also Irvine Ranch in Orange the Santa ment buildings and the new Music be approachable via the Antelope Val- be served by six routes: Grove, New- Center Pavilion attract ever-increasing ley Freeway. Although development Ana, San Diego, Garden Mar traffic volumes to this area, ~as will the is typified primarily by single-family port, Laguna, and Corona Del proposed Bunker Hill project. With- residences now, freeway accessibility Freeways. out access by freeway, many of these is expected to encourage commerce Other planned communities under developments would have been im- and industry as the population grows. development include: Laguna Niguel, practical. Also experiencing spillout from the which has an industrial park along San Diego-Santa Farther south in the downtown same Source is the Simi Valley, an two miles of the the site's area, accessibility via the freeway loop area rapidly growing in single-family Ana Freeway and advertises the Los Angeles has encouraged many companies tb residences (with the bulk of the work rapid access to both (1 and 1 %Z headquarter in the city's core, which force commuting to the San Fernando and San lliego markets Bar, in turn has stimulated construction of Valley) and in commercial establish- hours respectively); Diamond the east-west new buildings and modernization of ments. The proposed Simi Valley which will be served by north-south older ones. In the past seven years, Freeway has encouraged this develop- Pomona Freeway and the Village, more than $100,000,000 has been spent ment to such an extent that plans must Orange Freeway; and Conejo two colleges, an air- annually for construction in the be given top priority to relieve exist- selected site for port, shopping and industrial centers, downtown area. ing traffic congestion.

each year. With access to the central city assured by a growing freeway The downtown district of Los Angeles is becoming more metropolitan in appearance network, both industry and culture are better able to resist decentralisation trends observed elsewhere. 31 1965 i~g.~y March—April ~~ffa!~"A.j~.~t 1°f~FRt 1 i.'_P~.~ ~.~~SRI1fCl.

Works Public Public and and Highways Highways

California California

32 32

foreground).

(in (in

•► •►

~ ,,sr ,,sr

~ ~

_, _,

- - ~ ~

Freeway Orange Orange future future the the of of conception conception artist's artist's

-+'",>,„_

fig.'" fig.'"

`;'" `;'"

the by by and and

top) top) at at .„ (visible (visible Ana Ana Freeway Freeway <,, <,, Santa Santa

,~ ,~

the .,, by by flanked flanked is is "`~ "`~ Stadium Stadium Angel Angel of of ConsirucFion ConsirucFion

w~~

~~ ~~

cen- Broadway Broadway a a Freeways, Freeways, nardino nardino _ _ . .

.., ,~ ,~

Ber- San San and and Ana, Ana, Santa Santa Ventura, Ventura, the the ~,~;

along centers centers shopping shopping older older several several

to addition addition In In Centers. Centers. Shopping Shopping

Parlcs. Industrial Industrial rows rows

Nar- Whittier Whittier and and Watson, Watson, nando, nando,

Fer- San„ San„ Pedro, Pedro, San San Rancho Rancho Beach, Beach,

Huntington Segundo, Segundo, El El Avenue, Avenue,

Cherry include include freeway freeway one one least least

at to to adjacent adjacent developed developed being being rently rently

cur- complexes complexes New New Industrial. Industrial.

examples: specific specific few few a a just just are are here here

random, At At purposes. purposes. of of range range wide wide

a for for desirable desirable been been has has frontage frontage way way

free- rate, rate, any any At At desires. desires. local local upon upon

depending commercial, commercial, to to residential residential

from or., or., housing, housing, multiple multiple to to -1 -1 R

from has has changed changed freeway freeway a a abutting abutting

property instances, instances, In In other other housing. housing.

-1 R traverses traverses it it where where particularly particularly

usage, land land in in change change if if any, any, little, little,

caused has has freeway freeway a a instances, instances, some some

In interesting. interesting. equally equally is is developed developed

a a tunnel. via via

Pork.

freeway freeway

Vista Vista the the

under under Buena Buena

and and

(center), (center),

Hospital Hospital

Joseph's Joseph's

and and St. St. School School

High High

Providence Providence

center), center),

(left (left Studios Studios

Disney

Walt Walt (top), (top),

Lawn Lawn

Forest Forest

as as

facilities facilities

diverse diverse

cross such such will will near near Golfers Golfers freeway. freeway. sasses sasses Burbank Burbank in in of of the the Freeway Freeway Ventura Ventura side side The The

south the the on on 11 11 and and side side north north the the

on 7 7 holes holes with with built built Greens, Greens, Robles Robles

Los is is Road Road Moorpark Moorpark near near Freeway Freeway

Ventura the the off off Course; Course; Golf Golf County County

Bar Diamond Diamond new new County's County's les les

Ange- Los Los

is is

Freeway Freeway Pomona Pomona future future

i~a.

the to to K Adjacent Adjacent Interchange. Interchange. Freeway Freeway

Diego -San -San Harbor the the off off Course Course

Golf Dominguez Dominguez the the site, site, dump dump

former a a on on and, and, Freeway, Freeway, Bernardino Bernardino

San the the off off Course Course Golf Golf Lakes Lakes Twin Twin

the Freeway, Freeway, Pasadena Pasadena the the off off Course Course

Golf Seco Seco Arroyo Arroyo the the located located have have

Lane & & Lohman Lohman Courses. Courses. Golf Golf

. Covina) Covina)

West in in Freeway Freeway Bernardino Bernardino San San the the

(off Hospital Hospital Valley Valley the the of of Queen Queen the the

and Freeway), Freeway), Monica Monica Santa Santa future future

the (near (near Monica Monica Santa Santa in in Hospital Hospital

John's St. St. -bed -bed 200 the the Rinaldi), Rinaldi), near near

Freeway State State Golden Golden the the (off (off pital pital

Hos- Cross Cross Holy Holy 175 -bed -bed the the locating locating

in factor factor major major a a being being as as ways ways

free-

the the

cites cites

Angeles, Angeles, Los Los

of of

diocese diocese

will will

eventually eventually what what

near near

center center

highlS~ already already

areas areas in in uses uses

on on land land

Arch-

the the

for for

hospitals hospitals

of of

director director

-based

Company

May May

50 -acre -acre

a a ning ning

system

freeway freeway the the of of effect effect

Tlie Tlie

O'Dwyer,

Monsignor Monsignor

Hospitals. Hospitals. plan- are are

developers developers and and

Boulevard, Boulevard,

Freeway.

R~oorparlc R~oorparlc

Interchange.

Freeway Freeway

Beach at at

Freeway Freeway Diego Diego

San San the the

off off

future the the

and and

Freeway Freeway Ventura Ventura

Beach

Huntington Huntington

- Coast

Pacific Pacific

the the

construction

under under

currently currently is is ter ter existing the the by by served served be be will will which which Sports and Sightseeing Centers. Sepulveda Boulevards is the new Car- 75,000 vehicles a day, peaking to 90,000 The Angel Stadium, scheduled for riage Inn. at Atlantic Avenue, are using this new opening in 1966, will he served by J. M. Hooper, assistant vice presi- stretch of freeway at a time savings of the Santa Ana and future Orange dent for Holiday Inns in the 11 west- approximately one-half that required Freeways, as is the Dodger Stadium ern states, says that all nine locations for a comparable trip via surface by the Pasadena and Golden State for his hotels in the Greater Los An- streets. Freeways. The proposed site for the geles area lie near freeway inter- Another interstate opening which Hollywood 1~~useum is accessible changes and that these are decidedly aroused considerable public interest from the Hollywood Freeway, and the "preferred locations." occurred last fall when the first sub-

the Greater Los Angeles Zoo will lie 1964 Freeway Openings stantial link of the Santa 1Vlonica Free- adjacent to the Golden State- and Although the 30.6 miles of freeway way (Interstate 10) was completed Ventura Freeways. opened to traffic during 1964 fall short between Vermont Avenue and La Cienega Boulevard, a distance of 4.6 Residential. At a recent Califor- of the record 54 miles completed in miles. This section averages 90,000 ve- nia Real Estate Association meeting, 1963, the mileage is consistent with the hicles aday, swelling to 128,000 at John Klug, president of Pacesetter district's five-year average of 30 miles Vermont Avenue. Homes, stated that he seeks properties opened per year since 1959. All but adjacent to freeways for his develop- 4.7 of the miles completed during 1964 Farther west on the Santa Monica ments. Custom homes have been ris- are on interstate routes, bringing the Freeway, aone-mile link between the Freeway In- ing off the San Diego Freeway in district's interstate share to 237.2 miles, San Diego-Santa Monica Drive was the Santa Monica Mountains ever or 73 percent of the 324 miles planned. terchange and Bundy opened late in December. This event since that freeway was opened in De- The longest stretch opened in 1964 allowed partial use of the interchange cember 1962. New multiple units have —and one of the most heavily trav- for the first time and improved access been constructed along almost every eled—was 11.3 miles of the San Diego freeway in the tricounty area, such Freeway (Interstate 405) between the to the San Diego Freeway. as along the one-mile section of the Long Beach Freeway and Bolsa Chica The first mileage to be opened on Ventura Freeway between Woodlake Road in Seal Beach. Completed from the San Gabriel River Freeway (Inter- and Mulholland Drive. the Long Beach Freeway to Atlantic state 605) was completed last June. Hotels. Opened in December 1963 Avenue in January, and partly com- This three-mile stretch between Whit- was the 156-room, 6-story Hyatt pleted from Atlantic to Bolsa Chica in tier Boulevard and Pecic Road, added House off the Santa Ana Freeway October, this segment has greatly im- to a 3.9-mile stretch opened last fall at Washington Boulevard. Off the proved access between Los Angeles between Peck Road and the San Ber- San Diego Freeway at Burbank and and Orange Counties. An average of nardino Freeway, marks the beginning

March—April 1965 33 The view looking eastward on Roufe 126 shows the interchange with Interstate 5 in the Castaic Junction-Saugus area.

of a ne~~ outer loop around Los Ange- from Manchester Avenue to Main les. Approximately 36,000 vehicles a Street through the Santa Ana Freeway day are now using this mileage. interchange, opened in January; a 0.7- Approximately three miles of the mile segment between Beach Boule- Golden State Freeway were partly vard and Garden Grove Boulevard, converted to full interstate standards opened in July; and another 0.7-mile late in December with the opening of segment between Manchester and northbound lanes on a segment be- Haster Street, opened in November. tween Saugus Junction and a point Also opened during 1964 was a two- three miles south of Castaic. Several mile portion of the Newport Freeway contracts ~~ill be awarded in the next from the Santa Ana Freeway to War- few years to complete conversion of ner Avenue. this route (Interstate 5) between Los Angels and the Kern county line. TrafFic Diversion and Volumes Construction of nearly 100 new While sufficient time has not elapsed miles and widening of more than an- to complete full-scale studies, initial other SO during the next seven fiscal traffic counts on these new freeways years should bring District 7's portion indicate that they are attracting con- of the interstate system to completion siderable traffic from (and easing con- by the 1972 deadline. Expenditures for gestion on) many surface streets. the interstate mileage alone will run Preliminary checks show that the approximately $346,000,000 for con- Santa Monica Freeway between Ver- struction and $149,000,000 for rights= mont Avenue and La Cienega Boule- of-way. vard, for example, may be drawing Noninterstate openings during 1964 sizable volumes from paralleling streets included three portions of the Garden as far away as Olympic Boulevard, The San}n Monica Freeway stretches ribbonlike Grove toward the Pacific Ocean as viewed Freeway: a 1.6-mile stretch whidi lies a mile to a mile and a half from the cloverleaf in}erchange at Lp Brea Avenue. 34 California Highways and Public Works AND 1964 AVERAGE DAILY TRAFFIC the San Bernardino Freeway and 1963 Whittier Boulevard. Much of the cur- 1963 1964 Hollywood Freeway rent freeway trafric may be a diversion ______.______.______185,OOa ~si,000 Westerly of the Four-level Structure from Workman Mill Road, a circui- South of the Ventura Freeway ______.__ 98,000 1~0,00o tous two-lane facility with many sharp Harbor Freeway curves. While the freeway may be South of the Four-level Structure ______.______188,000 ts7,000 affording some relief to Rosemead At 30th Street Overcrossing ______193,000 196,000 Boulevard on its west, it is probable 136,000 145,000 At Century Boulevard ------that its power to divert from this ma- At San Diego Freeway ------63,000 72,000 jor artery will be considerably greater San Bernardino Freeway When the freeway is extended farther ___. 78,000 so,000 West of the Golden State Freeway south to the Santa Ana Freeway. Easc of the Long Beach Freeway ______. 158,000 i59,o0o Overall, average daily traffic vol- Santa Ana Freeway umes on the District 7 freeway net- 112,000 116,00o East of Rosemead Boulevard ______Work increased approximately 5 per- West of Long Beach Freeway ______. 1so,000 1so,000 cent during 1964. Aone-year com- Pasadena Freeway parison at several strategic locations North of Four-level Structure ______. 92,000 96,000 indicates where traffic is increasing or of Golden State Freeway ______86,000 94,000 North decreasing (see chart above). Santa Monica Freeway Planning Studies Harbor Freeway to Santa Ana Freeway 112,000 120,000 A number of major planning studies Ventura Freeway were accomplished during 1964 to 65,000 East of Hollywood Freeway _. 50,000 evaluate current traffic volumes such Freeway 157,000 160,000 West of Hollywood and to an- West of San Diego Freeway _.___. 13 3,000 143,000 as those discussed above alyze traffic patterns for determina- Golden State Freeway tion of present and future needs. Angeles Interchange 116,000 120,000 North of East Los will be in- West of Pasadena Freeway ______130,000 i4o,000 Two of these studies North of Ventura Freeway ______95,000 97,000 corporated into the State Highway Engineer's report to the 1965 Legis- Long Beach Freeway 1963 1964 lature: (1) a review of the state high- At Pacific Coast Highway ______. 57,000 62,000 South of Santa Ana Freeway ______. 89,000 98,000 South of San Bernardino Freeway 48,500 54,000 The San Gabriel River Freeway serves the City of San Diego Freeway of Industry. This view is looking north. West of Long Beach Freeway ___._. 74,000 96,000 At Harbor Freeway ______84,000 102,000 At Olympic Boulevard 125,000 142,000 At Ventura Freeway ___.______.____. 105,000 117,000 Colorado Freeway At Linda Vista 28,000 27,000 Glendale Freeway At Golden State Freeway 35,000 42,000 Riverside Freeway At Santa Ana Freeway __ 50,000 59,000 Using Four-level Structure during a 24-hour weekday. 333,000 343,000

north of the freeway. These early verted to the San Diego Freeway be- counts reveal a 25-percent decrease in tween Atlantic Avenue and Bolsa Olympic Boulevard traffic since the Chica Road, it is not apparent just freeway's opening, and the figure runs •here this traffic is coming from. In as high as 44 percent for parallel streets this instance, the freeway moves diag- closer to the freeway. onally across existing surface streets both east-west The extent of traffic diversion from and may be relieving -south streets to some extent. specific surface streets is not as easily and north discernible elsewhere, however. For An interesting analysis currently un- example, while it is known that some derway is the attracting power of the 90,000 vehicles a day are being di- San Gabriel River Freeway between

March-A pr►1 1965

Public Public Works and and Highways Highways

California California 36 36

dur- rime rime first first

the the

for for the the district district by by

and and

f f people people o movements movements relating relating area. of of the the needs needs

used were were

streets streets

surface surface and and

freeways freeways

by by e e region region th within within needs needs tion tion total total transportation the the considers considers and and

to to

specific traffic traffic

future future of of

assignment assignment

re re transports- transports- futu and and present present mine mine boundaries, district district transcends transcends which which

for

techniques techniques

developed developed

LARTS-

to to deter- deter- 960 960 1 ), January January S S A A —since —since RT RT (L (L mally Study Study Transportation Transportation

infor- infor- y —but —but help. help. determine. cooperativel Regional working working Angeles Angeles Los Los the the to to 1964 1964 ing ing

they they

will patterns patterns been been have have y, y, the the travel travel resultant resultant Agenc dur- Finance Finance Home Home devoted devoted were were -hours -hours man Many Many

along along with use, use, and and land land and and U.S. Housing Housing the the employment, employment, and and Roads Roads

demands.

population, of of 1980 1980 of of

Public Public

Bu reau reau projections projections U.S. U.S.

taining taining the the

with with along along

traffic future future to to meet meet 1971, 1971, 30, 30, June June

con- report report brief brief a a

1963, 1963,

and and

in in participants, participants,

pleted pleted These

Agency. Agency.

tation tation 1967, 1967, and 1, 1, July July between between

necessary necessary

com- was was which which Report, Report, way way

Transpor- Transpor- (1960) (1960) High

Year Year

the the and and

District, District, expenditures minimum minimum

the the

timates timates

Base LARTS LARTS the the

to to an an appendix appendix was was

Transit Transit

Rapid Rapid

California

Southern Southern

es-

second second the the

system; system;

expressway expressway and and

1964

during during

preparation preparation in in

Also Also the the

he he region, region,

within within 3 3 cities cities

12 12

the the the the freeway in in changes changes and and technical technical

1962.

of of Act Act

Counties, Counties,

side side River and and Bernardino, Bernardino, additions,

deletions, deletions,

port port

recommends recommends

Highway -aid -aid

Federal

the the

with with pliance pliance

San San

Ventura, Ventura, Orange, Angeles, Angeles, Los Los re- first first The The

highways. highways.

and and

freeways freeways

in in com-

shortly, shortly,

ratified ratified be be

to to

pected pected

study— study—

nthe nthe

i participating participating dictions dictions

district

all all on on report report

a a deficiency deficiency

(2) (2)

is is ex-

agreement agreement

formal formal

The The

factors. factors.

juris- juris-

the the ong ong am relationship relationship formal formal 1959, 1959, and

in in

its its adoption adoption since since first first

other

and and

employment, employment,

a a population, population,

to to

establish establish t t of of an an agreemen aration aration —the

system

"sway "sway and and expres freeway freeway

use, of of land land

distribution distribution to to the the

goods goods

prep- prep- was was

ities ities activ

primary primary Among Among

California the the including including system, system, way way

I~p3l ~ ~

FFWY.1• /E60 /E60 0 SAN SAN

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~' .v~~. As of 1964 yearend, 60 percent of ing 1964. The resulting traffic esti- and Moorpark Freeways, as well as a been mates are of particular value to the major portion of the Pacific Coast the district's freeway system had route planning staff, which has the Freeway and a route commonly adopted, and nearly half the remain- responsibility of conducting studies known as the Oxnard Bypass. Collec- ing mileage was being studied. Under a for the precise location of all routes tively, these portions will represent active study were the Beverly Hills, the California freeway and express- of $438,100,000, in future expenditure Huntington Beach, Industrial, and way system. with $269,900,000 for construction Malibu-Whitnall Freeways, and por- Route planning studies last year and $168,200,000 for purchase of tions of the Pacific Coast, Century, culminated in the adoption of 111.1 rights-of-way. the California Hawthorne, and Route 150 Freeways, miles of freeway by Seven public hearings were held by Highway Commission, a figure more well as the final segments of the the district on these and other freeway as than double the average over the past 1964, three public Garden Grove, Marina-Slauson, Ar- several years. Included in this mileage segments during the California tesia-Riverside, San Gabriel River, and were the final links of the Foothill, hearings were held by 138 Freeways. Long Beach, Route 126, Simi Valley, Highway Commission. Route

L O 5 A N G lE ~L E 5

0 LEGEND 30 MinuTe DisPancs from *7Ph 1, Broadway (Non-Peak Hours)

wso Iosa ~vee """' C O U N T Y

l~bnht~ I~~M1 Y1 !i/w Ieuh Q lhta Bier I~vf~

EI1I[l VIII'0 fllE(tlII ~

iao.A.: \ a_~.~~

wn;n~.. ~~ 4 C t t c

los Angeles Metropolitan Area ° MOTOR VEHICLE TRAVEL TIME

PREPARED BY THE CALIFOflNIA DIVISION OF HIGHWAYS DISTRICT VII FEB. I, 1965

March—April 1965 37

Works

Public Public and and Highways Highways California California

38 38

Inter-

-level -level Four the the

between between way way

130,

totaled totaled 1964 1964

during during

construction construction construction: freeway freeway

for for preparation preparation

Free-

Hollywood Hollywood the the on on

project project a a of of

under

structures structures

other other and and

Bridges, Bridges, -in private or or public, public, - quasi

public, public,

completion

with with

the the year year

throughout throughout

pavement). -wide -wide foot 24- of of utilities— of of feet feet relocation relocation for for

$3,500,000 $3,500,000

continued was was district district

the the

in in

highways highways

lineal

for for 6,000 6,000 material material over enough enough (or (or included included expenditures expenditures

Other Other

all all

state on on

signing signing the the

Upgrading Upgrading

yards cubic cubic 4,200 4,200 of of

high high a a with with

day, day,

($4,400,000): Freeway Freeway

Pomona Pomona

$45,000. per was was yards' yards'

program program

of of the the cubic cubic Cost Cost 2,800 2,800 about about

averaged averaged

the and and ($6,600,00), ($6,600,00), Freeway Freeway

Orange Orange

numbers. new new

the the concrete show show to to -slump -slump modified modified

quality - high

inch inch

the ($10,500,000), ($10,500,000), Freeway Freeway 134 134

Route Route

were signs signs one- roadside roadside of of 160 160 and and

Production Production overhead overhead Beach. Beach.

Long Long iri iri

($11,000,000), Freeway Freeway

Glendale Glendale

300

addition, addition, plant In In batch batch facilities. facilities. state state profile profile other other

slow-

was was Freeway Freeway the $14,500,000, $14,500,000, (approximately (approximately way way

and

freeways freeways Diego

along along San San June June and and the the on on April April material material Free- placing placing Foothill Foothill for for the the for for went went amounts amounts

between useful replaced replaced were were Largest proving proving 1964. 1964. Also Also shields shields route route in in results. results. -way -way -of cessful cessful rights for for

expended 1,700 was was suc- with with $80,000,000 $80,000,000 last last year year district, district, approximately approximately Nearly Nearly this this contractors contractors in in several several

routes by state state

employed employed several several was was renumbered renumbered concrete concrete which which -slump -slump parcels. 55,725 55,725 low on on completed completed

legislation 1963 1963 were transporting studies studies with with for for trucks trucks accordance accordance planning planning -bed -bed In In route route for for tilt mates mates and and

esti-

plants appraisal appraisal addition, addition, mix mix In In of of central central purchased. purchased. use use Signals Expanded Expanded and and Signing Signing

were 2,500 2,500 another another still still and and

praised, praised,

present.

way. ap- were were

2,600 2,600

another another

for for acquisition, acquisition, the at at

use use

widespread widespread

for for

impractical impractical

Free-

Ventura Ventura the the

along along places places other other certified

were were

parcels parcels

separate separate 2,100 2,100 method

either either make make

placing placing of of

ards ards

five

at at

and and

Interchanges Interchanges of

Freeway Freeway excess excess

In In

construction. construction.

under under yet yet stand-

existing existing

but but

cracking, cracking,

random random

126

-Route -Route

Ventura and and

-Ojai -Ojai not

Ventura but but

adopted adopted

freeway freeway

of of miles miles 406 406 less

and and

slower slower

in in

.result .result

does does ment ment

the

at at

work work

included included jobs jobs

Other Other

on on the year year

the the

throughout throughout steadily steadily ce- expansive expansive of of use use that that indicate indicate ports ports

progressed

acquisition acquisition

Boulevards. -of -way -way Tijera Tijera

Right and and La La re- Preliminary Preliminary joints. joints. transverse transverse no no

Segundo

El El

between between

shrubs shrubs

8,000 8,000 over over -and cement cement -Way -of regular regular Right with with paved paved

was was

and trees, trees,

5,000 5,000

nearly nearly

plants, plants, cover cover Freeway Monica Monica Santa Santa ttie ttie of of stretch stretch

ground Angeles.

Los Los

in in 1,500,000 1,500,000 of of

interchange interchange level level placement placement far far 1.5 -mile

a a

Freeway), Freeway),

Valley Valley

lope lope

four-

second second

the the

be be

will will

structure structure

this this

1966, 1966, of of

called

and and

California California

in in awarded awarded

ever ever

Ante-

the the of of

portion portion on on a a

1963 1963 fall during during the the in in

completed completed When When

Interchange. Interchange.

Freeway Freeway

project

landscaping landscaping

Pomona largest largest - Beach second second Long Long the the

building building employed work work test test at at men men (a (a tion tion joints joints transverse transverse

out out

consfnuc-

dwarfs dwarfs form form

column column bridge bridge

massive massive the A A

was was

$400,000, $400,000,

for for

contract, contract, One One with- cement cement expansive expansive of of use use the the on on

Freeway.

Diego Diego

San San the the ~~» + + along along ._ ._ _may _may tracts tracts

check As As a a year. year. calendar calendar

the the during during

.. ..

con-

four four

for for

went went

allotted allotted

money money advanced

,^~. ,^~. were were

operations operations

paving paving

for for

,,.~;~,

• • .y, .y,

: :

the

of of

$700,000 $700,000

Approximately Approximately concrete producing producing and and transporting, transporting,

expenditures. 1963 1963 improving, in in from from million million - developments developments half a a Notable Notable

nearly up up $1,500,000, $1,500,000,

of of

cost cost a a at at way way August. ing ing

free- of of

miles miles 38.5 38.5 along along

acres acres 388.5 388.5 dur- $162,600,000 $162,600,000 to to peaking peaking month, month,

covered

contracts contracts The The

systems. systems. gation gation a $154,600,000 $154,600,000 averaged averaged underway underway

irri- of of

installation installation as as

such such

work work lated lated projects construction construction of of all all value value lar lar

re-

and and

for for landscaping landscaping

year year the the ing ing Dol- $64,300,000. $64,300,000. costing costing projects projects way way

dur-

19 19 contracts contracts

7 7

awarded awarded District District free- 16 16 including including $89,400,000, $89,400,000, of of cost cost

neighborhood,

surrounding surrounding the the into into a at at jobs jobs 151. 151. were were year year the the during during

them

blend blend to to

and and

freeways freeways

existing existing Completed $72,700,000. $72,700,000. of of cost cost a a at at

beautify

to to

effort effort

continuing continuing a a In In construction freeway freeway for for called called tracts tracts

con- 26 26 of of which which Landscaping $86,200,000; $86,200,000; of of value value

dollaz a a at at

159 159 totaled totaled

1964 1964

during during

$680,000. approximately approximately

of of cost cost

awarded

contracts contracts

Construction Construction

a at at barriers barriers median median beam beam

metal metal of of

Contruttion

7 7 miles and and link link chain chain of of miles miles of of 31 31

installation included included year year the the during during

development. freeway freeway

freeways existing existing to to

Improvements Improvements

of this this phase phase during during property property state state nn nn

tions. vandalism reduced reduced has has greatly greatly gram gram

loca-

other other

several several

in in

used used being being was was pro- The The construction. construction. of of start start until until

construction

of of

type type

this this year, year, the the of of maintenance their their for for and and lots lots vacated vacated

end

At At the the

girder. girder.

curved curved continuous continuous of cleanup cleanup for for provides provides also also It It hood. hood.

-span

athree

featuring featuring

design, design, bridge bridge neighbor- a a in in remain remain to to allowed allowed

is is

concept concept

new new a a

employed employed these these of of houses empty empty of of row row a a of of time time

length length

last The The

Interchanges. Interchanges.

Freeway Freeway Diego Diego the reduced reduced has has procedure procedure new new The The

-San

Bernardino

San San

the the were were pleted pleted construction. freeway freeway to to prior prior land land

com-

structures structures

Major Major

alone. alone. Freeway Freeway of and and cleanup cleanup clearance clearance speed speed to to year year

Monica

Santa Santa the the

along along 30 30 including including last initiated initiated was was policy policy new new A A change and Sunset Boulevard, and with preparation of plans for resign- ing 16 miles of the Santa Ana Free- way between the San Bernardino Freeway and the vicinity of Firestone Boulevard, a job noa~ underway. Generally included in the upgrading are more advance warning signs of upcoming off-ramps, greater use of freeway names to supplement route numbers and destinations, and wider use of overhead signs. In an effort to reduce last-minute lane changes when a righthand lane ends at an interchange, yellow "EXIT ONLY" overlays were affixed to overhead signs at five freeway-to-freeway interchanges on an experimental basis. A new signing program was also initiated at on-and off-ramps to dis- courage wrong-way driving. Red and white "WRONG WAY" signs are being posted at all off-ramps, and green and white "FREEWAY EN- sufficiently lush to make this unmistakably a southern indicate all on- Landscaping along the districts older freeways is TRANCE" signs will California scene. The foliage along the Hollywood Freeway through Cah~enga Pass provides a pleasing ramps. Reflectorized pavement arrows view for motorisf and freeway neighbor alike. will supplement these signs. (in was allocated to Los Angeles County During 1964, District 7 also com- aluminum mesh is being tested reduce and the City of West Covina under pleted signalization plans for 48 in- place of chain link fabric) to the Federal-aid Secondary Urban Ex- tersections on conventional highways headlight glare. tension Program for construction on and for 51 intersections near freeway New Materials Lab Avenue. An additional $2,800,- construction. Signals were modified at Azusa separations on another 311 locations. Total cost of A $406,000 materials laboratory was 000 went for railroad the signalization program was $3,350,- officially opened June 3, adjacent to Downey Road and Reseda Boulevard- 000. the Santa Monica Freeway viaduct Parthenia Street. near Maple Avenue. The new dust- Maintenance air-conditioned facility was de- free, Chain link fencing takes beating from 70 fo 75 Maintenance costs rose as expected signed to streamline the testing of times a month, requiring extensive fence repair during the 1963-64 fiscal year with soils, mineral aggregates, and other s new freeway mileage and landscaping construction materials. Testing pro- additions. Expenditures reached $9,- ductivity has risen 40 percent over 200,000, a 3 %2 percent increase over 1963. the 1962-63 fiscal year. CooperaTive Projects Major expenses were incurred for Because of 1963 legislation which and routine re- general maintenance increased revenue available to cities pairs ($2.2 million), landscape main- and counties for streets and roads, and tenance ($1.7 million), maintenance of which revised allocation of the funds, traffic signals and lights ($1.3 million), i I~ projects ac- and sweeping and hauling ($1 mil- the district's city-county lion). tivity was more than doubled during Median barrier repair cost nearly 1964. ~~ '`~''. $480,000 and required 43 full-time and Of the money available under the 1. • P~~~~i ~~~.iII four part-time employees. Several Federal-aid Secondary Program, the to reduce district reviewed and administered experiments are underway ~'- °'t the frequency with which these bar- plans for projects amounting to $351,- riers are hit and damaged, including 000 in Los Angeles County, $181,000 ~ . in Orange County, and $3 3 3,000 in use of reflectors on fence posts and as ~ ";ra: ~ s edge-of-pavement markers. A new Ventura County. Another $600,000 µ ^;r ~ x~,s to

March—April 1965 <',; ~. :.. ,~_.~~ ~.:' The changing face of Los Angeles Civic Center -1433, 7 953,

DISTRICT PROGRESS FREEWAY BY FREEWAY Antelope Valley Freeway (Route 14) and the Kern county line; a distance only unadopted portion of the free- Steady construction and design of eight miles. way in District 7. progress was made during 1964 along Five other projects are tentatively Normandie Avenue to Alameda this 52-mile route between the Golden. scheduled for construction in the next Street is an expressway now, and con- State Freeway near San Fernando and few years to complete the Antelope version to full freeway is expected in the Kern county line. Valley Freeway throughout in Dis- the next several years. A first-stage Opened in 1963- for 14.4 miles be- trict 7. (See California Highways cznd contract at an estimated $750,0000 tween Soledad Canyon Road near Sol- Public Works, January—February, will be underway this summer on a amint and Ward Road Overcrossing, 1964.) one-mile section in the slough area be- current construction will extend the tween Normandie and Vermont Ave- freeway 7.6 miles easterly to Angeles Artesia-Riverside Freeway (Route 91) nues. This project was advanced in Forest Highway near Vincent by this From the San Diego Freeway in the the construction program to cooper- summer. Lawndale-Torrance area, this route ate with the City of Gardena in elim- The next contract to be let will will extend 49.5 miles almost due east inating unsanitary conditions caused by the slough along carry the freeway' from Vincent 5.9 in District 7 to the Riverside county the freeway's miles north to Avenue P8 in Palmdale. line. path. The state is also co~peratifl~ This job has been advertised, and will with Gardena in developing a parl: on Moving from west to east, status of land which will be 16 months in construction. he excess property projects along the route is as follows: after the freeway is constructed. Still another project to be adver- From the San Diego Free~~ay to rom Alameda Street to the Santa tised this fall is a first-stage grading Normandie Avenue, route location Ana Freeway, seven projects are in job between Avenue I in Lancaster studies are in preliminary stages on the design. One construction project is 40 California highways and Public Works .~ M.:~ "`r~. ~ ,.

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953, 1964.

underway between the San Gabriel the North American Autonetics Divi- The $2,200,000 project, which will be River and Studebaker Road in con- sion plant and other industries in the under construction by next fall, will nection with the Artesia-San Gabriel area. call for construction of eight struc- River Freeway Interchange. tures, and for embankment; paving ~oothil! Freeway (Interstate 210, Route 30) From the Santa Ana Freeway to operations will follow under a subse- Placentia Avenue in Anaheim, the The 15.4-mile section of the Foot- quent contract. hill Freeway adopted November 18, route is full freeway now. Construc- At yearend, approximately $37,- 1964, by the California Highway tion is currently underway to widen 500,000 had been spent for rights of Commission completes adoption of the it from four to six lanes between way along the route, including the route- for its entire 52.2 miles in this Lemon Street and Placentia Avenue in $14,500,000 expended in in the district. The freeway will begin on 1964 Anaheim, and to convert it from four- San Gabriel Valley. the north at the Golden State Free- lane expressway to six-lane freeway Sixteen separate contracts are pres- from Placentia to the Newport Free- way near Sylmar, run southeasterly to Pasadena, and then almost due east ently scheduled for contract award way. by the 1970-71 fiscal year in order Two other projects are in design to through the San Gabriel Valley to the San Bernardino county line. to complete the interstate portion of convert the remaining expressway this route nn time. mileage to full freeway from the Only 1.6 miles of the freeway route An unusual design feature in parts Newport Freeway to the county line. are open to traffic—a section north of of Pasadena and Arcadia will be the Late in 1964, an important improve- Pasadena bet~~een Hampton Road and inent was made to the facility with Montana Street, constructed prior to utilization of one corridor for two completion of a $1,200,0~~0 inter- inclusion of Route 210 in the inter- public transportation facilities—the change at Dowling Avenue in Ana- state system. The next construction freeway and a railroad. In Pasadena, heim. This interchange is greatly im- scheduled on the route will be 2.5 from Marengo Avenue to Wilson proving service to traffic generated by miles in the Monrovia-Duarte area. Avenue, the main line of the Atchison,

March—April 1965 41 For approximately 2 %Z miles easterly, the Garden. Grove Freeway is nearing completion in conjunction with a project on the San Diego Free- way. Both routes will utilize the same 11- and 12-lane roadway along this stretch. From the San Diego Freeway to Garden Grove Boulevard near Knott Avenue, a contract was recently awarded to extend the freeway another 2.5 miles. Completion is anticipated in spring of 1966. From Garden Grove Boulevard, near Knott .Avenue, to Newland Street, a 1.5-mile project was completed last June. Traffic is now using 0.7 mile of this portion, with the remaining mileage to be opened upon completion of the adjacent project to the east. From Newland Street to Garden Grove Boulevard near Haster Street (a distance of 4.7 miles), three projects costing $9,400,000 are under contract and are scheduled for completion late this year. A one-mile section between Haster Street and Manchester Avenue was opened last November. The 1.6-mile segment between Manchester and Main Street in Santa Ana was completed under two contracts late in 1963 and early in 1964. ~' This project included the Garden Grove Freeway interchange with the Santa Ana Freeway. The final contract between Main Street and the Newport Freeway, a distance of 1.9 miles, will be underway before 1965 ends.

a~''.': Golden State Freeway (Interstate 5) This important interstate route will

The present eastern terminus of fhe Antelope Valley Freeway is located at Ward Road Overcrossing in ultimately run from the East Los An- foreground. In photo center, the freeway construction crosses over Red Rover Mine Road. geles Interchange to the Kern county line, a distance of nearly 72 miles in Topeka &Santa Fe Railway is to be with the San Diego Freeway). An District 7. The route is now continu- depressed alongside the freeway. In east-west route, this freeway will ous as a .freeway from the East. Los Arcadia, from Eaton Wash to Santa eventually connect Pacific Coast Angeles Interchange to Sierra High- Anita Avenue, the railroad will be re- Highway in Long Beach with the way, adistance of 28.4 miles. From located in the freeway median. Newport Freeway in Orange County. there to the county line it is largely an expressway. Garden Moving from west to east, the free- Grove Freeway (Route 22) Current emphasis is on conversion way's status is: Except for 2.2 miles at this route's of the route to full freeway standards western end, the Garden Grove Free- From Pacific Coast Highway to the in northern Los Angeles County. Dur- way is complete, under construction, San Diego Freeway, construction is ing 1964, one project was opened to or budgeted throughout its ultimate tentatively scheduled during the early traffic, another was put into construc- 17 miles (2.5 of which are coincident 1970's. tion, and eight others were in design.

42 California Highways and Public Works Opened were the northbound lanes spring in conjunction with a project During 1964, afirst-stage embank- of a 3.3-mile job between Saugus to build the Golden State-Route 134 ment contract was let along 3.7 miles Junction and a point three miles south Freeway interchange. of the route between Laurel Canyon of Castaic. The $5,600,000 contract On the drawing board is another Boulevard and the Golden State included construction of a one-mile project which will introduce a new Freeway. portion of the Route 126 Freeway at concept of handling truck traffic in From Magnolia Boulevard to Vic- its interchange with the Golden State. I,os Angeles. In the area where the tory Boulevard, a contract .is cur- Put into construction last Novem- Foothill, Golden State, and Antelope rently underway with a target date ber was afour-mile segment from the Valley Freeways will converge, for completion set late in 1966. Kern county line south. This $5,500,- trucles will be routed to roadways Farther south on the Holly~~ood 000 project will be completed late in separate from those carrying passen- Freeway, afirst-stage widening proj- 1966. ger cars. This design is considered ect on outbound lanes between A total of six projects, all scheduled necessary because of extremely high Franklin Avenue and the Pilgrimage for advertising in the first half of truck traffic volume within the inter- Bridge (a distance of 1.3 miles) is 1965, will continue the conversion an- change complex. nearing completion. The $681,000 other 26.5 miles. Three contracts are Harbor freeway (Route 17) contract calls for adding of one lane for first-stage grading and structure to the existing three. Design plans are Complete for 22 miles from down- work, with final paving projects to iri progress for adding an outbound town Los Angeles to Battery Street in follow in the next few years: These lane between Sunset Boulevard and San Pedro, the Harbor Freeway will three jobs will_ involve the largest Franklin Avenue and another inbound eventually be extended southerly to earth moving operation in California lane from the Pilgrimage Bridge to its interchange with Route 7 just west highway construction history, as the Sunset Boulevard. Completion of of the Vincent Thomas Bridge. route moves through the mountains these projects will eliminate all During 1964, a freeway agreement exist- of Angeles National Forest and re- irig three-lane roadway sections on the was reached with the City of Los An- quires removal of 45,000,000 cubic Hollywood Freeway. geles for this extension, and design yards of roadway material. The other plans are well under way. All of the three contracts will provide full free- Long Beaeh Freeway (Route 7) right of way requirements for the way between Sierra .Highway and Determination of the routing for project have been determined, and Saugus Junction and from future five miles of this freeway through El about 25 percent of the needed prop- Route 138 near the Kern Sereno, South Pasadena and Pasadena county line erty has been acquired. to a point 6.8 miles south. by the California Highway Commis- Among improvements planned on Hollywood Freeway (Routes 101, 170) sion last November 18 completes the adoprion the existing freeway south of Sierra Extension of this route from its of the Long Beach Freeway Highway is the addition of auxiliary present northerly end at Magnolia throughout its 26-mile length. lanes between Colorado Street and Boulevard in North Hollywood to its With the opening of a 1.1-mile seg- Western Avenue, a distance of about ultimate terminus at the Golden State ment between Valley Boulevard and two miles, in the vicinity of Griffith Freeway in Pacoima should be accom- the San Bernardino Free~~ay early Park. The job will be advertised this plished late in this decade. this year, the existing route now extends 20.7 miles. Quality and uniformity for freeway construction materials require testing. This new materiafs'laboratory A project will be advertised this is located adjacen► to the Sanfa Monica Freeway viaduct near downtown Los Angeles. summer to increase capacity from six to eight lanes between Olympic Boulevard in East Los Angeles and Bandini Boulevard in Vernon, a 1.4- mile section that includes the route's interchange with the Santa Ana Free- way. Cost is estimated to be $2,500,- 000. Two subsequent contracts will extend this widening from Bandini to the San Diego Freeway, a distance of 12 miles. Combined cost of the projects is estimated at $3,500,000.

Marina-Slauson Freeway (Route 90) This east-west route, which will be situated almost midway between par- allelling Santa Monica and Century Freeways, will stretch approximately 20 miles between the future Pacific

43 The northward exPension of the Long Beaeh Freeway has brought a new the Hollywood Freeway is also being extended. This view shows construction interchange with the San Bernardino Freeway into being. Now open to narfh of the interchange with the Ventura Freeway. 4ra~c, 4he route provides convenient access to California State College at Los Angeles (left center).

Coast Freeway on the west and the Paula Freeway, a distance of 13.4 adopted for still another eight miles San Gabriel River Freeway on the miles. The entire route, including a north to Cozy Dell Canyon. east. major interchange with the Simi Val- The three-mile project recently First contract on the route, which ley Freeway, is now in design. budgeted will be let early in 1966 and will be awarded this summer, calls will cost about $2,800,000. for a $3,500,000 project for struc- Newport Freeway (Route 55) tures in the San Diego-Marina Free- This route was extended another Orange Freeway (Route 57) way Interchange. A second contract two miles southward during ~ 1964 This north-south route will stretch in the interchange area will be let in with the opening of a segment be- some 30 miles from the Foothill-San the spring of 1966. Its completion will tween the Santa Ana Freeway and Bernardino Freeway just east of Po- result in a usable length of freeway Warner Avenue. The freeway is now mona to the Pacific Coast Freeway between Slauson Avenue and Centi- complete from the Riverside Freeway near the Santa Ana River, crossing the nela Boulevard, a distance of 1.5 miles. to Warner Avenue, a distance. of 9.2 Pomona, Century, Riverside, Santa Final design of the 1.8 miles from miles. Ana, and San Diego Freeways in the Centinela west to Pacific Coast Free- Bids were opened on April 1 to con- process. It will directly serve the Kel- way is dependent on the adoption of tinue the four-lane freeway another logg Campus of California Polytechnic the latter freeway segment. 39 miles south to Palisades Road-Bris- College, Mount San Antonio College, Pomona and other communities in East of the San Diego-Marina Free- tol Street. This project includes the eastern Los Angeles County, linking wav Interchange, preliminary studies San Diego-Newport Freeway Inter- them into central Orange County. are underway to locate the remaining change. Two other projects are in The route of the Orange 18 miles of the freeway, which is pop- design t~ complete the final stretch Freeway is adopted for 19.4 miles from San ularly known as the Slauson Freeway. between Palisades-Bristol Street and. the Pacific Coast Freeway. Total length of Bernardino Freeway to the Santa Ana Moorpark Freeway (Route 23) the ultimate route is 17.5 miles. Freeway, and design is well underway in eight separate projects. To date, The 17-mile 11~oorpark Freeway been will provide a north-south link be- Ojai Freeway (koute 33) $17,100,000 has spent for rights- of-way including tween the Santa Paula Freeway in Fill- The Ojai Freeway will eventually $6,600,000 expended in 1964. more and the Ventura Freeway in stretch 57.5 miles from the Ventura Thousand Oalts, skirting the commun- Freeway in Ventura to the Santa Bar- Pacific Coast Freeway (Route 1) ity of Moorpark near its midpoint. bara county line near the Cuyama Adoption last September of a 2 3.3- On October 29, the California River. The freeway is open to traffic mile segment of this route between the Highway Commission forma 11 y from the Ventura Freeway four miles Calleguas Creek in Ventura county adopted the last portion of this free- north, is budgeted for construction Iine and Malibu Canyon Road brings way between three miles south of another three miles north to Casitas the mileage adopted on Pacific Coast Tierra Rejada Road and the Santa Pass Road in Foster Park, and is Freeway to 45.1, exclusive of the five

44 California Highways and Public Works miles which are now open from Pleas- County in the vicinity of South Po- Peck Road to Workman Mill Road, ant Valley Road to Calleguas Creek, mona. When completed, it is expected a 2.8-mile job including the inter- where the route is a full freeway. to provide considerable relief for the change with San Gabriel River Free- This route, the longest in the dis- San Bernardino Freeway. way, will be completed late in 1966 trict, will eventually parallel the coast- The Pomona Freeway is under con- at a cost of approximately $5,000,000. line from the Ventura Freeway north struction or budgeted under six major Workman Mill Road to Jellick Ave- of Oxnard to Serra Junction in Capis- contracts from the East Los Angeles nue, adistance of 7.7 miles, will be trano Beach, a distance of 114 miles. Interchange to Jellick Avenue in In- advertised this summer. Estimated cost Begimiing on the north, a 4.1-mile dustry, adistance of nearly 20 miles, is $9,000,000; estimated completion segment of the Pacific Coast Freeway or two-thirds of its ultimate length. date is fall of 1967. was adopted from the Ventura Free- Beginning at its western terminus, The remainder of the route in Dis- way to a point near Pleasant Valley these are the active projects: trict 7, from Jellick Avenue to the Road last June 24 as part of the Ox- East Los Angeles Interchange to Riverside county line will be con- nard Bypass. Third Street, near Downey Avenue, a structed under three separate con- From Calleguas Creek to Malibu distance of two miles, has been under tracts. Canyon Road, some 24 miles of the construction since October 1963 and Route 134 route are adopted and currently in is scheduled for completion this fall Unofficially known design. as the Ventura under an $8,000,000 contract. Freeway extension in the San Fer- Between Malibu Canyon Road and Third Street to Woods Avenue, a nando Valley, and as the Colorado Beach Boulevard in Huntington Beach, 1.4-mile stretch including the free- Freeway extension in the San Gabriel with exception of a 10-mile stretch in way's interchange with the Long Valley, this route will eventually ex- the South Bay area of Los Angeles Beach Freeway, was put into con- tend from the County, five route location studies are Golden State Freeway struction last July. The now underway. $9,000,000 near Griffith Park 8.1 miles east to an project will be finished in the fall of interchange Ten miles of Pacific Coast Freeway with the Foothill and 1966. between Beach Boulevard and Mac- Long Beach Freeways in Pasadena. Arthur Boulevard in Newport Beach Woods Avenue to Arroyo Drive, A first-stage contract, calling for a are in preliminary design. near San Gabriel Boulevard, is in- structure at Jackson Street in Glen- Route location studies are underway cluded in the 1965-66 budget. The dale and the westerly extension of -mile from MacArthur Boulevard to the 4.2 job, expected to cost approxi- Monterey Road from Kenwood Street freeway's terminus at Serra Junction. mately $5,800,000, will open to traffic to Brand Boulevard at Burchett Street, in late 1966 or early 1967. is nearing completion. This $265,000 Pomona Freeway (Route 60) Arroyo Drive to Peck Road, a dis- project will aid in handling traffic dur- This route will stretch 30 miles tance of three miles, was included in ing construction of the main freeway through Los Angeles County, begin- the 1964-65 budget. This contract project in Glendale. ning at the East Los Angeles Inter- should be completed late in 1966 at a Design is virtually complete for the change and entering San Bernardino cost of about $4,600,000. Route 134-Golden State Freeway In-

The newest strefch of the Santa Monica Freeway (from La Cienega Boulevard to fhe San Diego Freeway) was opened January 29.

March—April 1965 4a

The Cities of Orange and Santa Ana are serviced by the recently completed interchrange of the Garden Grove Freeway with the Santp Ana Freeway.

A resolution by the City Council of Los Angeles (below) honors the designer of the Santa Monica-San Diego Freeway Interchange, Mrs. Marilyn Reece, associate highway engineer.

~it~ of ~o,~ ~n,~~le~ '~e~olution

WHEREAS, MRS. MARILYN REECE is the first woman associate highway engineer in the entire California State Division of Highways, and

WHEREAS, Engineering in itself has always been considered particularly in the realm of men and Mrs. Reece, by her ability and creative imagination, has made a breakthrough for women in this masculine endeavor, and

WHEREAS, Since 1957 she has headed a team of designers working on the Santa Monica Freeway, and

WHEREAS, The 90-acre swirl of roadways and overheads that form the West Los Angeles Interchange of this freeway is the project design of Mrs. Marilyn Reeee, and

WHEREAS, She is credited with the creation and supervision o§ the overhead and off-ramp design of this West Los Angeles Interchange,.. and

WHEREAS, Her contribution .o the design of this interchange wifh its mo- mentous economic, social and visual impact on our community makes an important peak in the achievement of outstanding women;

NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED, That the Los Angeles City Council, by the adoption of this resolution, hereby commends Mrs. Marilyn Reece for her outstanding ability and accomplishment as an associate highway engineer, and The last contract to be !et on the Santa Monica thanks her for contributing to the safety, utility and beauty of our city. Freeway takes fhis route seaward. The projeci in Sanf.a Monica will be completed this fall.

March—April 1965 m terchang~e which will also serve the tion this fall under an $8,100,000 con- proposed Greater Los Angeles Zoo in tract. Griffith Parlc. Beach Boulevard to Brookhurst, 3.2 Design plans for another major in- miles, construction began in January terchange, the Route 134-Glendale under a $7,400,000 contract and Freeway structure, were completed should be completed in the summer of during 1964, and design of the balance 1966. of the route is well underway. Brookhurst to Harbor Boulevard, Easterly of the Glendale Freeway 2.2 miles, work began early this year through the community of Eagle under a $5,400,000 contract and Rocic, the freeway will be located should be completed in the fall of mostly on sidehill terrain. With aes- 1966. thetics in mind, the freeway will be Central mix concrete is deposited in slipform paver, thus expediting construction of Garden Design is in progress on the remain- built as a split-level roadway, with fill Grove Freeway. This section of freeway—from Har- ing 11.5 miles, which will be built slopes landscaped to blend into the bor Boulevard fo Haster Street—is now complete. under four separate contracts. area. through which it passes. The are currently Eagle Rock itself, an historical land- Farther west, a $485,000 contract is Two other projects in mark, will be preserved. now in progress to modify the Vin- design to widen the existing four-lane freeway to eight lanes between La- Between Avenue 64 and Orange cent Avenue Interchange in West guna Canyon Road southeast- of Irvine Grove Avenue in Pasadena, the exist- Covina. This work is necessitated by and the San Diego county line. ing Colorado Freeway will be wid- the rapid growth in the area and resulting traffic congestion. ened from four to eight lanes. In con- San Gabriel River Freeway (Interstate sideration of Annadale Country Club There are plans to widen the San 605, Routes 243 and 240) on the north and the business and resi- Bernardino Freeway from six to eight Construction activity is in full dential development on the south, re- lanes between Puente Avenue in Bald- swing on the interstate portion of this taining walls will be used to avoid the win Park and Holt Avenue in West route, which extends from the San necessity of acquiring additional right- Covina, a distance of 5.6 miles, and Bernardino Freeway at Baldwin Park of-way. between San Dimas Avenue in San to the San Diego Freeway near Seal Dimas and the San Bernardino County Beach. San Bernardino Freeway (Interstate ~o pnd >>o) line, a distance of 6.3 miles. During 1964, nearly seven miles of freeway, built under two contracts, Several major improvements are in San Diego Freeway (Interstate 405 and 5) the design stage to increase capacity were opened between the San Bernar- Major strides were taken during along this 30-mile freeway, which has dino Freeway and Whittier Boule- 1964 toward completion of this 93.7- been in service for a number of years. vard. The first, a 3-mile segment from mile interstate route which will even- Whittier Boulevard to Peck Road, Most ambitious of these projects is tually extend in this district from the was opened June 10. The second, a an $11,000,000 expansion job between Golden State Freeway north of San 3.9-mile link between the San Bernar- the Golden State and Long Beach Fernando to the San Diego County dino Freeway and Peck Road, was Freeways, a distance of 3.5 miles. De- line at San Clemente. opened this fall in stages. sign plans are currently underway to Two openings during 1964 make convert the present six-lane section to Contracts currently going between this route continuous for 52.1 miles 10 lanes, with an additional two auxil- Whittier Boulevard and the San Diego from the Golden State Freeway to iary lanes between Soto Street and Freeway are: Bolsa Chica Road in Orange County. Herbert Avenue. Whittier Boulevard to Telegraph Opened during 1964 were 1.8 miles Road, 3.2 miles, scheduled for comple- Another improvement in the City between the Long Beach Freeway and tion this summer under a $6,100,000 Terrace area is construction of a pe- Atlantic Avenue, during January; and contract. destrian overcrossing to replace exist- 9.5 miles from Atlantic to Bolsa Chica ing subterranean crossings used fre- Road, during October. Telegraph Road to Cecilia Street, quently by children attending the Of the remaining 20.6 miles to be 1.8 miles; scheduled for completion Harrison Street School. The $150,000 completed, 9.1 miles are being con- this summer under a $6,700,000 con- project, which is jointly financed by structed under the following three tract. the state and county, will rise over contracts: Cecilia Street to 166th, 3.6 miles, the Pacific Electric Railway, the free- Bolsa Chica Road to Beach Boule- scheduled for completion early next way, and Ramona Boulevard. vard, 4.1 miles, estimated for comple- year under a $7,000,000 contract.

A~8 California Highways and Public Works A westward view of canstrucfion on the Pomona Freeway shows how the new route leads info the Easi Los Angeles Interchange where it will connect with several major freeways.

166th to 183rd, one mile, a $5,100,- 000 contract which includes an interchange with the Artesia Freeway, scheduled for completion in the summer of 1966. 183rd to the Orange county line near the San Diego Freeway, 4.3 miles, scheduled for completion in the spring of 1966 under a $7,000,000 contract. Noninterstate segments will ultimately extend the San Gabriel River Freeway to the Foothill Freeway on the north and to the Pacific Coast Freeway on the south, a length of about 30 miles. (See California Highways and Pub- lic Works, July—August 1964.)

Santa Ana Freeway (IntersfaTe 105 and 5 and Route 101) This route, operational as full freeway for several years, links downtown Los Angeles with Orange County. The Santa Ana Freeway officially terminates at its juncture with the San Diego Freeway route just southeast of Irvine, a distance of 43 miles. Under a continuing program to increase capacity and improve traffic and the completion of still another Opened to traffic during 1v64 were: service, a 10.1-mile stretch between contract in January of this year, make A 4.6-mile segment between Ver- Main Street in Santa Ana and Laguna this route continuous from the East mont Avenue and La Cienega Boule- Canyon Road was widened from four Los vard. This stretch was opened by to six Angeles Interchange to Bundy lanes during 1964. stages in October and November, fol- Drive in western Los Angeles, a dis- Currently underway is a $990,000 lowing dedication ceremonies Octo- tance of approximately 14 miles. project to improve the Katella Ave- ber 22. nue interchange in Anaheim near the The remaining portion of the final A one-mile portion from Bundy future Angel Stadium. This project contract, awarded in February 1964, Drive to the San Diego-Santa 1~Zonica should be complete in the spring of is scheduled for completion late this Freeway Interchange, an opening that 1966, just prior to the stadium's year, affording motorists a beeline permitted partial use of the inter- opening. change, route of some 16 %z miles between which had been completed last August. Modernization of another inter- downtown Los Angeles 'and Santa This segment is part of change will a 3.6-mile, $7.7 million start in about a year at Monica. This final project, between contract to Stanton Avenue in Buena Park. carry the freeway to the Olympic The Bundy Drive and the west portal of $250,000 job primarily involves re- Tunnel. the Santa Monica Tunnel, should be placing a left-hand on-ramp with a The opening of the 2.5 miles be- in operation by the end of 1965—less right-hand connection. tween La Cienega Boulevard and than four years after the first portion Overland Avenue in January 1965 SanTa Monica Freeway (Interstate 10) of the Santa Monica Freeway was made the interchange fully operable Completion of two contracts opened in the and East Los Angeles Inter- and provided uninterrupted freeway partial completion of another in 1964, change. from downtown to west Los Angeles.

March—April 1965 49 four lanes by late 1966. Estimated cost is $1,100,000.

VenTura Freeway (Routes 701, 134) The Ventura Freeway, which will run 75.4 miles from the Golden State Freeway west to the Santa Barbara County line in District 7, is built to full freeway standards in the city of Los Angeles. During 1964, six projects were put under construction or completed to bring the freeway to full standards bet~~een the west city limits of Los Angeles and Thousand Oaks in the TJentura County area. Completed were the Kanan Road and the Tri- unfo Road Interchanges; under construction were the Craftsman Inter- change, Calabasas Overcrossing, Old Ventura Road In*erchange, Rondell Park Interchange, Agoura Road Inter- change, Hampshire Road Interchange, and Live Oak Undercrossing. From Thousand Oaks northwest- erly to a point near the Route 126 Drawn in at fhe right is the planned route through Santa Susana Pass. The first project on the Simi Freeway, a series of design projects Valley Freeway will be advertised for bids this fall. are in preparation to complete conversion to freeway standards and to Simi Valley Freeway (Route 778) ening it to four lanes between the improve the existing freeway facil- Decisions last year on alignment £or freeway and Devonshire Street. Ato- ities. These projects include an im- 3 5.8 miles'of the Simi Valley Freeway tal of $9,SOO,000 has been allotted for provement of the Borchard Road completed this route's adoption the work, which will require excava- Interchange; addition of freeway in- throughout—from the Santa Paula tion of about 8,000,000 cubic yards of terchanges at Cunningham, Lynn and Freeway on the west to the Foothill earth. Contract limits are from near Ventu Park Roads, Wendy Drive, Freeway on the east, a distance of 53.4 Desoto Avenue in the west San Fer- Reino and Arneill Roads; expansion of miles. nando Valley to Kuehner Drive in she Las Posas Road Interchange; and con- Adopted were: east Simi Valley. version of a three-mile segment to six- Ventura County: 4.9 miles between An adjoining project to the west, lane freeway between Vineyard Ave- the Route 126 Freeway and La Vista from Kuehner Drive to Tapo Street, nue and Telephone Road. Constructed Avenue on June 24, and 19.3. miles a distance of three miles, is tentatively in this area were the Central Avenue between La Vista Avenue and First scheduled for construction during the and Garden Acres Interchanges. Street in Simi on December 16. 1966-67 fiscal year, subject to future From the Route 126 Freeway to budgeting. It is anticipated that the Los Angeles County: 11.6 miles in two miles beyond the west city limits two freeway projects can be timed the San Fernando Valley between De= of Ventura, the freeway is built to for nearly simultaneous completion, Soto Avenue and the Foothill Free- full standards. From that point north- thus freeway way on September 1. providing 7.5 miles of westerly to the Santa Barbara county service to the community of Santa Funds were budgeted for construc- line, 10.5 miles of freeway are in de- Susana within a few years. tion of a 4.5-mile segment which will sign, including conversion of 3.5 miles Meanwhile, traffic relief will be af- link Ventura and Los Angeles Coun- of expressway to freeway. ties through the congested Santa Sus- forded on paralleling Los Angeles In Los Angeles County; design is ana Pass. This project, the first to be Avenue under two contracts running in progress to widen the freeway scheduled on the route, will be under- from Smith Road to Tierra Rejada from six to eight lanes bet~~een To- way this fall and will include exten- Road, a distance of 8.5 miles. This fa- panga Canyon Boulevard and the sion of Santa Susana Avenue and wid- cility will be widened from two to west city limits of Los Angeles.

50 California Highways and Public Works STATUS OF DISTRICT 7FREEWAY-EXPRESSWAY PROJECTS SUMMARY AS OF JANUARY 1, 1965

Expended Route Miles Freeway Open to Under to dat¢ or expressway name number adopted traffic construction en $1,000's Antelope Valley ...... 14 52 14.7 7.7 Artesia-Riversicl¢...... 24,065 • . 91 37.7 19.8 Beverly Hills...... 49,128 2 .. .. Century...... 42 .. .. Corona ...... 71,210 8.8 4.8 .. Corona del Mar...... 1,197 73 6.8 2.2 Foothill ...... 798 210,30 52.2 1.7 .. Garden Grove...... 36,365 22 14.8 5.3 6.6 Glendale...... 37,506 2 12 2.5 .. Golden State ...... 26,290 5 71.6 71.6 Harbor...... 164,881 11 22.4 22.1 Hawthorne .. 104,II80 ...... 107 . . Hollywood ...... 101, 170 16.1 11 .. Huntington Beach ...... 69,092 39 ...... ~ndustria~ ...... 47 ...... Laguna ...... 133 8.2 2 .. Long Beach ...... 673 7 26 19.6 1.1 Malibu-Whitnall ...... 59,688 64 ...... Marina-$lauson ...... 90 2.8 .. .. 3,288 Metropolitan Bypass ...... 138 21.8 .. .. Moorpark ...... 23 17 .. .. 168 Newport...... 55 17.5 13.7 .. 24,090 Ojai ...... 33~ 14 4.1 .. 4,803 Orange...... 57 Ortega...... 19.4 .. .. 13,407 74 ...... Pacific Coast...... 1 45.1 11.4 .. 11,011 Pasadena ...... 11 8.2 8.2 .. 10,785 Pomona ...... 60 30.3 .. 3.5 50,698 Reseda ...... 14 ...... Rio Hondo ...... 164 0.9 0.7 .. 791 Route 48...... 48 14.9 ...... Route 126...... 126 49.5 5.1 8.6 79,503 Route 134...... 134 8.2 2.3 .. 56,709 Route 150...... 150 ...... Route 232...... 232 2.4 .. .. San Bernardino ...... 10, 11G 30.6 30.6 .. 59,88? San Dieso...... 5,405 93.7 73.1 11.3 270,098 San Gabriel River...... 605, 240, 243 28.1 6.6 15.3 89,464 Santa Ana ...... 5, 105, 101 43.1 43.1 .. 99,261 Santa Monica ...... 10 16.2 11.9 4.3 181,593 Seaside...... 7 2.1 1.5 .. 1y,864 Simi Valley ...... 118 47.1 .. .. 3d Ventura ...... 101, 134 75.4 67.3 .. 121,376 Yorba Linda ...... 42 3.1 3.1 .. 2,517 Totals...... 920 460 58.4 1,613,88~J

March-A pri6 1965 51 • • • .• -. ud or uni • 1, • 1 By MICKEY MATSUMOTO, Assistant Training Officer

While the ink was still drying on the Governor's Code of Fair Practices, the Division of Highways took steps to implement the new code among its nearly 17,000 employees. In September 1964, the Division of Highways became one of the first state agencies with a statewide management training program focused on equal opportunity employment. As this program got underway, State Highway Engineer J. C. Womack reemphasized the long established policy of the division's equal employment practices, by saying ". We have been successful in implementing both the letter and the spirit of the code so far, but projects such as this are excellent insurance that all our employees and those who seek employment with us will continue to receive fair and equitable treatment." What, then, is equal opportunity employment? What does it mean in terms of hiring practices?

Equal opportunity means just what Opening a (raining session on equal opporfunily employment at the District 3 headquarters in Marys- it says. It is assuring that all employees ville, Mickey Matsumoto of Headquarters Training Section talks to a class which includes (facing camera, and applicants are appointed, assigned, left to right) District Engineer W. L. Warren, Assistant District Engineer R.. E. Biggs, Construction Engi- neer M. E. Nelson and Assistant District Engineer H. F. Sherwood. trained, evaluated, and promoted on the basis of merit and fitness. Race, In July 1963, the Code of Fair Prac- shop, Ray Varlet', assistant director, color, religion, national origin and an- tices was issued as the official policy was appointed human relations coor- cestry have no bearing in these mat- of California's executive branch. It dinator for equal opportunity em- ters. In the division it means the con- carried with it an outline of positive ployment in the Department of tinuing practice of hiring the best steps to be taken by all agencies. Public Works. In the Division of qualified person for the job. In order Among these steps was a requirement Highways, Scott Lathrop, engineer in to appreciate the emphasis this pro- for training in the areas of equal op- charge of personnel and public infor- gram is receiving, we have to start portunity employment and human re- mation, was appointed the division with the basic principles of social lations. human relations coordinator. With responsibility. In December 1963, Governor Ed- these appointments, the division training section set to work on the task of State Assumes Leadership mund G. Brown called a two-day workshop on equal opportunity in planning and developing an effective As an agency of society, the state state service. Deputy directors, train- training program. This was in the leadership in government has assumed ing and personnel officers from 45 early months of 1964. solving difficult human problems. Spe- state departments discussed methods cifically, each individual, as a part of of implementing the code. The con- Training ObjecTives society, has an obligation. California clusions reached by the participants All through these beginning stages, has been successful in dealing with led to .recommendations and sugges- efforts were directed toward forecast- many complex problems, but has tions on how best to avoid pitfalls ing resistances to the program and never stopped striving for improve- and, more important, identified areas planning training objectives. It was inent. Equal opportunity employment in which statewide efforts should be known, for example, that there were is a reflection of this drive. concentrated. As a result of the work- basic resentments concerning this sub-

~2 California Highways and Public Works ject matter over and above those who would participate. The training example, we have introduced sessions which are normally anticipated for session itself concentrated on the eth- on equal opportunity employment any general training program. Some nic composition of our work force, into our regular management and managers did not feel training in this completion and discussion of quizzes, supervisory training program, so that area was needed. Moreover, they ob- and case problems relating to actual when new people assume responsibili- jected to what some considered an work situations. By means of these ties for hiring practices and policy implication that they were not already training methods, participants were enforcement, they will receive a basic practicing equal employment prin- able to test and improve their ability understanding of the subject. ciples in their jobs. Most did not have to apply division policy and philos- The question posed to the division the sense of urgency that stems from ophy to their jobs. Free discussion in and, for that matter, to society as a an awareness of the problems. Reac- the session also allowed the partici- whole, is not "Are we doing a good tion seemed to be in terms of "they," pants to express their feelings and job?" but "What else can we do?" "them," "you" and "others," rather concerns, and to resolve any mis- Where do we go from here and than on an "I" or "we" basis. understandings of the reading unit or what success can we expect? These Still another barrier was the risk of of the policy. questions will only he answered by implying "preferential treatment" time, but we look forward to the rather than equal Course Introduced opportunity em- The course was introduced on success anticipated by Mr. Womack ployment. The training staff at- September 23, 1964, to the manage- when he stated, "It is our hope that tempted, much as as possible, to ment of District 5 in San Luis Obispo, equal opportunity courses will pro- anticipate these resistances and resent- and was completed in Sacramento mote better understanding among all ments. Ultimately, these efforts were Headquarters on January 14, 1965. our employees and that our employee rewarded. More than 500 employees participated relations in this important area will Program objectives were to: (1) in the training, from district depart- be even better than they have in the Allay fears and concerns among em- ment heads to the State Highway En- past." ployees about what organizational gineer. Thus, all persons responsible policy would be. For example, it was for hiring practices and enforcement clearly outlined that reverse discrimi- of the policy attended. Also repre- Division Issues New nation was not the intent. (2) Motz- sented were members of the director's Bridge Design Manual vate nca~ageYS to think, talk about, staff, managers and staff department A and act on racial issues. Too many heads from the Division of Bay Toll revised edition of its Manual of Bridge Design Practice individuals felt that racial issues were Crossings, and from the Division of has been is- either not to be discussed, or only a Contracts and Rights of Way. Each sued by the Bridge Department of the California subject for philosophical discussion manager and participant was asked to Division of Highways. rather than for positive action. (3) carry back to the job the basic phil- The revised edition is similar to the Introduce pertinent social science osophy of equal opportunity employ- 1960 one but is updated to the Ameri- findings on a practical rather than an ment, knowledge of the division's can Association of State Highway academic level. Initial reaction to the policy and motivation to take posi- Officials 1961 Design Specifications subject of equal opportunity employ- tive action to carry out the code. and the 1963 Interim Specifications. ment indicated a lack of knowledge The training was reemphasized by The section on "Rolled Beam in this area. Insure full application (4) Mr. Womack in a personal letter to Bridges" has been replaced with one of the code on the job. each district engineer throughout the on "Structures Under Roadway Em- state. The letter asked for Extensive Research a personal bankments." Anew section on tun- commitment on the part of each dis~- nels has been added. In order to meet these objectives, trict engineer and requested chat he extensive research was Each section follows through conducted issue a letter to all employees on the through personal contacts the detailed design of its type of with ex- pertinent points outlined in the code. perts in the field of human relations. structure. Herein lies the key. Without the con- Library research presented an The S %Z-by-ll-inch clothbound almost tinuing support of the division's ina.n- overwhelming amount of manual has 644 pages of design theory, literature agement, the program not would sur- examples, illustrations that had to be read and screened be- vive. and charts and fore asingle word of training tables. material If you look about you, you will could be prepared. The course ma- pr.obably see many employees ~~ho The publication is available from terial was written and rewritten, al- represent minority groups. ^I"his the Office of Procurement, Docu- ways keeping in mind the importance doesn't mean, however, that no prab- ments Section, P.O. Box 1612, Sacra- of its objectives. lem has existed in the area of equal mento, California 95807. The end result was aseven-hour opportunity employment. The price including postage is training session. Prior to these ses- $12.50 plus 4 percent sales tax in sions, literature in the area of social Cannot Relax Effort California and $13.50 outside the sciences, as related to cultural differ- It also doesn't mean we can relax United States. Remittance should ac- ences, was studied by the persons and forget the whole matter. For company an order.

March—April 1965 53

54 54 California California Highways Highways Public Public and and Works

road road commissioners commissioners appointed appointed after will will continue continue after after 1972. 1972. And And continues continues we we will to to develop develop in in size size and and com-

legislation legislation Other Other would would all require require of of interstate interstate the the federal federal program program with with a a that highway highway dynamic dynamic system system that

should should "We "We also also know know tipn tipn the the is is nature constantly constantly required required to to cope perience perience will will be be represented.

never- ending ending one one because because new new areas. legisla- that that a a broad broad spread spread of of professional professional ex-

of of field field highway highway transportation transportation is is a now now under under the the way way Highway Highway in in our our larger larger Commission Commission urban in in order

that that the the task task legislative legislative in in the the general comprehensive comprehensive transportation transportation studies in in malting malting Governor Governor appointments appointments to

Carrell Carrell it it declared declared

is is

his his

opinion that that

will will have have results results would would available available a a from from study study call call the to to for for guide guide the

around. around. vexing vexing by by Fortunately, Fortunately, problems problems most most of of hearings; hearings; our our that that adoption adoption time." time time and and we third the the

system system will will automotive automotive be be population population officers officers due due time in in is is the the charge charge one one next next of of of of the free~~ay free~~ay route

fornia, fornia, arather arather major major road road space space ing ing ond ond would would of of a a the overhaul overhaul mushrooming place place for for independent independent hearing

state state as as dynamic dynamic and and legislation legislation changing changing by by required required a a acquired acquired state state "provid- as as because because agency; agency; Cali- the the sec-

"And "And we we can can businesses businesses be be assured assured and and portation, portation, in in and and a correlated correlated when when that that properties properties them them to to new are

Committee Committee vide vide expenses expenses relocation relocation on on to to Commerce Commerce families Trans- and and letion letion of of is is concerned. mileage mileage

procedures. procedures. interim interim studies studies cited cited way way The The by by first first the the would would Assembly pro- ual ual situations, situations, especially especially de- where where a a

legislative legislative insight insight would would have have to to a a direct direct He bearing bearing proceedings. proceedings. on on free- they they be be will will controversial controversial individ- in in

Assemblyman Assemblyman cited cited three three lent lent

plans plans He He further Carrell Carrell legislative legislative

that he he pointed pointed "BllC~" "BllC~" SIVVayS~ 011t~ 011t~ ~~25 ~~25

tape." Studies Studies Inferior Inferior Cited to to the the original original design.

ministrative ministrative efficiency efficiency red and and less less the the Division Division Highways Highways of of is is a a tribute past." the the

to to

"will "will changes changes

make make that that

ad- assure assure mended mended to to the the Legislature Legislature this this by year year its its decisions decisions base base than than had had we we have have in

and and

introduce introduce said said

he he will will legislation expressway expressway system system have have been been recom- background background analytical analytical which which to upon upon

344) 344) (Senate (Senate

Bill Bill

require require

clarification changes changes in in California California the the Freeway Freeway and have have a a much much will will and superior superior factual factual

Transportation Transportation

Development Development Act that that only only comparatively comparatively minor been been accomplished, accomplished, Legislatures future future

pects pects of of

the the

Collier -Unruh -Unruh Local Collier Collier then then declared declared fact that that the the "All "All in in all, all, things things once once have these these

The The Senator Senator advised advised that that

as- certain certain

dismissal. invited invited been been to to undertake.

Require Clarification Clarification engineers engineers and and safeguard safeguard them them from study study of of the the aerospace aerospace has industry industry

December December 31, 31, 1965, 1965, to to be be registered have have results results the the the the transportation of of

go go ects ects to to forward forward on on schedule.

niitting niitting highway highway construction construction proj-

portation.

aged aged recent recent floods floods in in while while

still still

per-

fion; fion; and and Assemblyman Assemblyman Tom Tom Correll, Correll, Chairman Chairman of of the the Commerce Commerce Committee Committee Assembly Assembly and and on on Trans-

Traffic Traffic Engineering; Engineering; State State Senator Senator needs needs Randolph Randolph to to Collier, Collier, highways highways the the Chairman Chairman and and Committee Committee of of bridges bridges Senate Senate on on iransporta- dam-

way way and and

Engineer Engineer

general general

chairman; chairman; Davis, Davis,

Harmer Harmer

E. E. of of the the Inslifute Inslifute Director Director of of and Tronsportation Tronsportation

of of objective objective taking taking

care care

of of emergency

the the participants participants Among Among

major major at at were were conference conference

(Ieft (Ieft to to

George George Langsner, Langsner, right) right) Deputy Deputy State State High-

porary porary basis basis to to accomplish accomplish the the dual

to to the the state state tax tax on on gasoline gasoline a a tem-

is is His His first first the the addition addition of of one one cent

1965.

proposals proposals he he intends intends to to in sponsor sponsor

Collier's Collier's remarks remarks outlined outlined legislative

Transportation.

bly bly Committee Committee Commerce Commerce on on and

Tom Tom Carrell, Carrell, Chairman Chairman of of the the Assem-

Transportation, Transportation, and and Assemblyman

Chairman Chairman of of the the Senate Senate Committee Committee on

ports ports from from Senator Senator Randolph Randolph Collier,

approximately approximately 550 550 conferees conferees heard heard re-

Thursday Thursday The The morning morning of audience audience

Los Los fornia, fornia, Angeles, Angeles, 27 January January -29.

Engineering, Engineering, at at University University the the of of Cali-

tute tute of of Transportation Transportation and and Traffic

Conference, Conference, by by sponsored sponsored the the Insti-

17th 17th Annual Annual Streets Streets and and Highways

of of majority majority persons persons who who attended attended the

posed posed was was legislation legislation displayed displayed

by by

the

Widespread Widespread interest interest in in current current pro-

o o e e re re n n ce ce n n

UCLA UCLA Highlight Highlight Sessions

Legislation Legislation 344 and and SB SB plexity so that it in turn can keep ent engine and pointed out t11at Collier-Unruh AcT Hisfory pace with the ever-increasing number lrnc~wn petroleum reserves will he The legislative history of vehicles utilizing it. only of the 10 percent depreciated by the Collier-Unruh Act The rapid transit system proposed was traced by year 2000. Richard Carpenter, for the Los Angeles area should allevi- executive director He d<~cs anticipate more types c>f and general counsel ate some traffic congestion in that area, of the League of vehicles with the expansion of leisure California Cities. according to Carrell. But he removed time for the individual and his family. I--Ie explained that it from the "cure-all" category wit11 many adminis- Smit11 used the development of the trative problems 11ad the statement: "I am afraid, however, been faced by camper as an example and believes the Ivcal agencies during that by the time the transit system development more vehicles designed to provide a <~f tilc procedural policies, comes into being, the growth of popu- but that service equally specific will reach the fortunately through the lation, coupled with anever-ending corrective ef- market. forts of committee representing demand for motor vehicles, will leave the Evolution `9eague," the supervisors' us pretty much where we are today." of Aufo Traeed association and the state, many of the While describing testimony heard Smith traced the evolution of the "procedures" I11d been modified by his committee, Carrell said that automobile tllrc>ugh various areas. The and are now more workable. "the committee's findings indicated time prior to 1920 was used in per- Charles T, Ledden, city that the Department cif Public Worles fecting avehicle of sufficient mechan- and county projects engineer for the and the Division of Highways have ical reliability that "it could be trusted California Division of Highways, outlined done exactly what the law says they to go down the road." basic tenets that govern should da The next 20 years (1920-1940) the California High- way Commission and the ""Chet' are charged with the respon- were marked by the inclusion of Division of Highways in allocating the sibility to provide means to get from safety and comfort factors. funds and administering the program. one place to another with a minimum From 1940 until 1960, Smith ex- According to Ledden, the of travel distance ar~d at a minimum plained, was the engineering era in more important problems raised cost. This they have which automatic transmissions, power were ones not done." difficult steering and like devices were added. to solve once properly de- fined. Route Adoption Problems 1960 marked the beginning of the Among them were the tasks of identifying In his discussion of problems in- present era which he identified as the "eligible work" and "eligible matching volved in route adoptions, Carrell de- "systems approach" and it is personi- funds," minimizing red tape, and justifying clared it inevitable that there should be fied by the stress directed toward the state's demand that construction an outcry from those who would have making the relationship between the be of such design that it is capable of them go somewhere else and he said vehicle and the complex of highways, meeting (or being later adapted to meet) traffic this discontent is reflected in recently roads and streets upon which it travels needs of 20 years from now. suggested sweeping changes. "But," he more and more compatible. It is in added, "I say instead that a construc- this present era that the automobile Other Speakers tive approach to any problem that power plants will double in efficiency, Qther speakers at the general ses- may exist is preferred to a sweeping Smith believes, but he is equally sions included Harmer E. Davis, di- abolition of an existing entity ...and certain the gain will be tapped off to rector, Institute of Transportation and am confident that the Legislature will operate additional accessories. Traffic Engineering, who outlined not be persuaded to throw the baby Senate Bill 344 was the Friday some of the conference's aims; New- out with the bath water." morning theme. It provides for finan- ton H. Templin, road commissioner, Other topics discussed during the cial assistance from the state to cities Los Angeles County, who spoke on conference ranged from electronic and counties in the construction of the Collier-Unruh Act; Myron Tata- data processing in San Diego to re- certain "select" streets and roads. rian, director of public works, County duced visibility studies in northern Funds are derived from the state gas- and City of San Francisco; and Sheri- California, but two which had partic- oline tax and must be expended exclu- dan E. Farin, regional engineer, Re- ularly broad appeal dealt with ve- sively for construction and rights-of- gi:,n 7, U.S. Bureau of Public Roads, hicles of the future and the highway way in accordance with specific who discussed future federal planning. complexes they will require and an criteria. Also Slade Hulbert, associate re- evaluation of the effectiveness of the David K. Speer, San Diego County search psychologist; Albert Burg, as- Collier-Unruh Act. Road Commissioner, observed "there sistant research psychologist; Edward Vehicles of the future were dis- have been as many suggestions for Levonian, associate research psycholo- cussed at a Saturday luncheon meet- revision and criticism of portions of gist; and Harry W. Case, assistant di- ing Wilbur Smith, by President of the act as there are cities and counties rector (all ITTE staff members). Wilbur Smith and Associates. in the State of California." These individuals formed a panel and Smith predicted that the foresee- But in retrospect, Speer believes the discussed human factors in traffic able future will not be marked by act has been successful and that the safety. radical either changes in automobiles constructive results to the motoring General meetings were conducted or highways. He was skeptical of the public are emerging to where they each morning and delegates attended development of any radically differ- can be seen. . ..Continued on page 59 March—April 1965 55

56 California California Public Public Highways Highways and and Works

. . ConTinued ConTinued on on page page 59 finest finest of of redwood redwood the the groves." all all the the

Norte Norte County, County, by by many many considered the the Beaches Beaches and and Parks Parks Division Division to of of

"giant "giant

trees trees

nn nn Mill Mill Creels Creels in in Del Highways Highways is is cooperating cooperating fully fully with

tect tect what what the the League League described described as as the Most Most fortunately, fortunately, the the Division Division of

National National Tribute Tribute Grove Grove was was to to pro-

~vay ~vay standards.

its its primary primary purpose purpose in in sponsoring sponsoring the

aligned aligned and and high- brought brought up up

to to safe safe

Redwoods Redwoods that League League Save shows shows - the -

199 199 summer, summer, re- High`vay High`vay

must must

be be

study study of of the the literature literature of of the

and and crowded crowded in with with tourist tourist traffic traffic

poses." heavily heavily buses used used b_y b_y huge huge trucks trucks and and

been been "acquired "acquired for for exchange exchange pur- this this main main of of through through trafric, artery artery

Tribute Tribute Grove, Grove, noting noting that that they they had the the safety safety the the driving driving on of of public public

original original description description of of the the National There There no no for can can be be question question that, that,

sale sale of of some some lands lands included included the the in in the

the the public public and and the the

park.

19b3 19b3 1n 1n the the Legislature Legislature authorized

interests interests all all time time in in of the the hest hest total total

purposes purposes not not shall shall apply." lution lution would would for not not work work perfectly perfectly

that that "the "the limitation limitation for for use use .for .for park that that had had nn nn reso- way way of of knowing knowing the the

part part of of the the Grove, Grove, Tribute Tribute stating Commission from from it, it, the the State State Park_ Park_

some some parcels parcels that that were were technically and and .lands .lands Park Park miles miles away even even some some

Legislature Legislature authorized authorized the the of exchange exchange of of Jedediah Jedediah Smith Smith Redwoods Redwoods State

tional tional Tribute Tribute Grove. Grove. In In 1951 1951 the nearly nearly all all of of compassing compassing area the the main main

this this held held all all as as of of land land to to be be the the Na- Grove Grove resolution resolution 20 20 years years en- ago, ago,

State State considered Legislature Legislature has has not not In In adopting adopting the the National National Tribute

The The statutes statutes show show clearly clearly that that the

for for all all time.

park. the the be be crossed crossed by by is is we we firmly firmly the the must must freeway, freeway, be be kept kept inviolate tech- insist insist

miles miles outside outside main main five five body body the the of ently ently crossed crossed 199 199 outside outside the the by by Highway Highway Creels Creels drainage, drainage, and and which to Mill Mill

disconnected disconnected parcels parcels several several as as far far as this this the the narrow narrow neck neck highway highway of of land, land, is is pres- improved improved park park completely

It It number number of of drainages. drainages. even even includes age age of of by by the the State State Commission, outlying outlying parle parle Park Park land land to to be be crossed crossed by

scattered scattered groves groves many many yin yin widely widely a terms terms As As of of a a resolution resolution adopted adopted years you you the the narrow narrow 20 20 tongue know, know,

lands lands of of redwood redwood park park area area covering It It is is now now agreed agreed that, that, under under the

is is not not at at all, all, Grove Grove but but a a a a grove grove large unfortunate unfortunate misunderstanding.

created created it, it, which which Tribute

the the National National

land land that that has has been been the the of of some center center part part grove. is is technically technically a a of of the the

Thus, Thus, according according the the resolution to to 5,000 5,000 of of a a land land a a which narrow narrow feet feet neck neck of of park park protruding protruding tip tip of of park

effect." Highway Highway 199 199 does does routing routing cross of of this this area area avoids avoids through through all all but but some

adopted adopted freeway plains plains the the that that option option terms terms of of the the purchase purchase now now in know, know, the the adopted adopted freeway freeway route

Grove Grove designation designation

and and Tribute Tribute ex-

added added this this park park land land to to state state under Redwoods Redwoods State State you you Parlc. Parlc. As As also

the the the the background background of of National

groves, groves, "plus "plus redwood redwood forest "that "that

northwest northwest

corner corner of of Jedediah Jedediah

Smith

1965, 1965,

Mr. Mr. DeTurk DeTurk March March gives

15, 15,

as as yet yet bearing bearing names names not not

memorial

traverses traverses nearly nearly two two miles miles of of the

letter letter

dated In In the the accompanying accompanying

Norte Norte woods woods

State State

Park, Park, Del Del County, As As you you know, know, 199 199 Highway Highway now

ber ber 17, 17, 1964.

Mill Mill lands lands in in the the Creels Creels Red- (then) (then) portion portion

of of Del Del

Norte Norte County. date date

Septem- and and

Parks, Parks, under under

of of

redwood redwood Tribute Tribute Grove Grove as as "the "the forest

adopted adopted freeway freeway that route route through through the the State State Division Division of of Beaches of of

1945 1945 described described

the the

tion tion

in in National National National Tribute Tribute and and Grove Grove the Eureka Eureka by by Charles Charles A. A. DeTurk, DeTurk, Chief

The The State State Commission Commission Park Park resolu- dialz dialz Smith Smith Sam Sam District District State State at Engineer Engineer Redwoods Redwoods Helwer Helwer Parlcs'

you. I, I, in in turn, turn, so so advised advised excerpted excerpted to a a letter letter written written from from ing ing the the physical physical of of relationship relationship Jede-

The The as as published published cif cif was National National statement statement Tribute Tribute corner corner the the Grove. and and the the record record to to set set straight straight regard-

committee.

a a mile mile or or from from the the more more nearest is is This This letter letter for for your your information

a a Club Club before before legislative Sierra Sierra pass pass freeway freeway route route would would

one -third -third of

Dear Dear Mr. Mr. Helwer: representatives representatives

lenged lenged

the

by by

of of

to to that that the the my my staff staff advise advise me me adopted

was was subsequently subsequently statement statement chal-

of of the the State State Commission, Commission,

had had

Parlc Parlc led F,ureka, F,ureka, California

State State Park. Park. in in This Jedediah Jedediah Smith Smith

inended inended 1945 1945 the the February February 430 430 resolution West West Wabash Wabash Avenue

Grove limit limit of of the the

National National Tribute Tribute

Redwoods Redwoods which which d1e- League, League, Division Division of of recom- Highways

to to of of the the passed passed north the the north north

Acreage Acreage

records records

]cept ]cept by by the the Save- District District Engineer County Highway Highway in in Del Del Norte Norte 199 199

Grove. MR. MR. SAKI SAKI HF.LWI?R route route for for the the relocation relocation adopted adopted of

15, 15,

made made 1965 statement statement was was March March nically nically that that a a the the part part the of of the the National National Tribute

this this ber ber 1964 1964 issue issue of of magazine,

Grove Grove 199 Tribute Tribute Route Route Status Status on on

—Octo- published published in in the the September

wood wood Highway Highway was series, series, which which

Red- In In the the third third article article of of the the

State State ChieF ChieF Parks Parks

ClariFies ClariFies National

EDITOR'S EDITOR'S NOTE New Section of Interstate 5 • • Traverses Spec~tacudar Area

By CHARLES MOSS, Resident Engineer

On October 17, DISTRICT' 1964, State Senator 2 Randolph Collier officiated at the dedication of another 6.8 miles of Interstate S four- lane freeway from 4.6 miles south to 1.5 miles north of Mount Shasta city limits. With the completion of this section, there are approximately 37 miles of continuous `' four-lane expressway and freeway ,~~~ ~"'~ ~ --_ from the upper limits of Shasta Lake to Mount Shasta. This section of freeway exhibits some of the most beautiful scenery found in California and passes along the west slope of majestic, snow-covered Mount Shasta. The area is both a winter and a summer playground. The ski lifts on the snow-covered slopes of Mount Shasta attract 80,000 persons each season. It is also recognized as a hunting, fishing, and camping area. The proposed Box Canyon Dam, about two miles southwest of the city of Mount Shasta, is expected to attract many more summer vacationers to the area.

Old Road

In general, the old highway con- 4 `;

sisted of two 10-foot bituminous- the completed section of I-5 freeway looking south near Mount Shasta City.

A map showing the Location of the new freeway section through }he Mount Shasta City area.

March—April 1965 57 -~.. ~ ~~ ...~

Butte Mountain. $truclures are inter) and North Mount Shasta

58 California Highways and Public V1/orks Additional lanes can be constructed struction. The water forced its way ITTE Conference for an six-lane up throu~,Th the shallow embanitment in the median ultimate . .Continued from page 55 section. to heights of ]2 feet above the bottom workshops on Thursday and Triday Full interchanges were constructed of adjacent interception trencizes. afternoons. at the junction of State Route 89 and Later, each spring was opened and (.;eotge I.angsner, Deputy State at t11e Lalce Street intersection, with drained with an additional perforated Highway I?ngineer, was general chair- partial interchanges connecting the drainage system. man of the conference. Tatarian and freeway to -old Route 99 on each side Extreme care was necessary in the Ternpli» were vice chairmen. Robert of the City cif Mount Shasta. Over- placing cif a <0-inch reinforced con- I',. Cron, Jr., ITTL,, was general sec- crossings to accommodate local traffic crete pipe and construction c>f the retary, and Wavne H. Snowden, were built at Azalea Road, Ream Ave- embanlrment at I3ig Springs Creels, to ITTIa,, was in charge cif publications. nuc, and Lassen Lane. prevent silt from enteriiz~ the stream. This stream, of the A total of 850,000 cubic yards of the headwaters State Parks roadway excavation was removed by Sacramento River, is also the water contour grading the combined system supply c>f the Mount Shasta State Fish . .Continued from page 56 not only protect Jedediall Smith Red- of ramps composing the Route 89/5 Hatdlery, one of California's oldest State Park in every way pos- separation and the south Mount trout hatcheries. The hatchery re- ~voc>ds but to so locate the new high- Shasta interchange. This excavation porred that it processed 17,000,000 sible, way that it will provide for an even was used for the 660,000-cubic-yard trout and salmon eggs during the time park. embankment at Pioneer railroad over- this project was under construction better The present Highway 199 traverses head. ~~-ithout loss attributable to the high- floor of the Smith River valley The project required two crossings way construction. the prime redwood forest lands cif the Southern Pacific Company rail- In placing the portland cement con- through hope to add to the park. Though road tracks. The Pioneer overhead crete pavement <~n this project, the we cooperation of the Division of crossing consists of twin reinforced contractor used a central mix plant the the new freeway route 11as concrete box girder bridges, 241 feet and hauled the mixed concrete in Hig~llways, moved to the other side of the long, each with deck measurement of dump trucks to a slipform paver. been Smith River, away from the park, 39 feet between curbs. In leis efforts to complete construc- undisturbed the redwood for- The north Mount Shasta crossing tion before onset of winter, the con- leaving we Hope to acquire for future park consists of a riveted steel plate girder tractor adopted an around-the-clock est railroad bridge underpass which was concrete paving operation. Elimination use. Considering the total package cif constructed under a prior contract and of ec5nstruction joints and carryover I am convinced that the completed during the early stages of of finishers coupled with the increased park values, highway route adopted through this contract. efficiency of a continuous operation basic were economic advantages of this pav- the general area of Jedediah Smith Unusual Conditions ing procedure. Redwoods State dark is the best of man can de- Between the Pioneer railroad over- This project was constructed by the feasible routes that confident that head crossing and Lassen Lane over- Fredriclrson and Watson Construction vise. I{urthermore, I am of this basic crossing the line traverses an area of Company at a cost of $4,800,000. The any possible refinements out by the state marshy, peat, meadowland with nu- work was done over a period of 22 route will be worked to gain the utmost merous artesian springs which are fed r~ionths and was completed in llecem- agencies concerned benefits. from melting snow on Mount Shasta. ber 1964. in park and highway The roadway section in this area Sincerely, consists largely of shallow fills. The CHARLES A. D~TURK original ground was excavated to a Indexes Available Chief depth of five feet below finished grade and to a width of three feet beyond For Old Issues EEL RIVER BRIDGE REPLACED shoulders. This mud and peat was Long-time readers of California The State Department of Public replaced with a very porous material Hi~hur~ys and Public Works whose Works has awarded a $2,020,000 con- excavated from the roadway approxi- files of the magazine antedate 1937 tract for constructing a bridge across mately two miles to the north. To may now obtain copies of a specially the Eel River on US 101 2 %z miles drain and stabilize the foundation, printed index to these early issues. south of Scotia, Humboldt County. 21,300 feet of perforated pipe was A limited reserve supply of this index, T11e former bridge was destroyed placed and interception trenches, four covering the issues through Decem- during the Christmas floods. to eight feet deep, were excavated on ber 1936, has been declared surplus The State Department of Public each side of the roadway. and will he sent to interested readers Works has awarded a $1,444,000 The water table in this area is sel- on a first-come first-served basis while contract for widening Interstate 80 dom more than two feet below the supply lasts. (F,lvas) Free~~~ay from four to six ground. Several artesian springs were Requests should be addressed to the lanes between A Street in Sacramento covered during embankment con- editor. and just north of Arden Way.

March—April 1965 59

Californ►a Californ►a

Works Public Public and and Highways Highways

60 60

above. diagram diagram the the in in shown shown actual actual bridge bridge the the photo photo of of —A —A 2 FIGURE FIGURE

studied. were were which which paint paint

types types

various various }he }he

structure structure of of

the the on on

location location the the

Obispo Obispo County County

showing showing

Luis Luis San San in in 1 1 Route Route on on Bridge Bridge Creek Creek LeRingwell LeRingwell the the of of diagram diagram —A —A FIGURE FIGURE 1

BRIDGE CREEK CREEK LEFFINGWELI. LEFFINGWELI.

5 AND AND

a '~ '~

Sys~em Sys~em I ° °

System System ~2 "3

Sys~em Sys~em System System °2

System System I > > System System I 2 A A System System Sys~em Sys~em C C 4 X X System System

38._x„ —O' 19 19'

I I -0" -0' -0' 2O'

i9~_~~~ i9._p~ 19._Q.~ 19~ 19~ p~.. 96._x..

OBISPO SAN SAN To To LUIS LUIS

CARMEL To To

Now, was was

follow. follow. to to

what what

of of dication dication

of history history painting painting the the by by indicated indicated about 1961, 1961, May May in in condition condition paint paint

in- was was

strong strong

there there

However, However, is praisal. praisal.

problem problem

corrosion corrosion the the of of severity severity the of of observation observation on on based based was was

port port

ap-

accurate accurate

permit permit to to short short was was

too too The

winds. winds.

-laden -laden

ar_d ar_d salt of of moisture moisture re- The The Highways. Highways. of of Division Division

the the

period exposure exposure the the

because because systems systems

environment

corrosive corrosive in in very very tested tested of Department Department Bridge Bridge the the and and

ment ment

various the the

of of evaluation evaluation

definitive definitive

be may may

coatings coatings

protective protective where where Depart- Research Research and and Materials Materials

tl~e tl~e

made made

report report 1961 1961 May May The The

ideal ideal location

an an present present ocean ocean to to the the by program program experimental experimental continuing continuing

close situated situated similarly similarly others others several several STrong STrong Indication a under under Bridge Bridge

and bridge bridge This This years. system. system. highway highway state state Creek Leffingwell Leffingwell

6 for for

stand stand to to entire was was the the allowed allowed in in job job encountered encountered paint paint worst worst the the to applied applied coatings coatings

the

when when is site site what what happened happened bridge bridge the the shows shows 3 3 at at corrosion corrosion of of dence dence protective scribing scribing

No.

Figure Figure inci- years. years. 6 6 the the jobs jobs was was because because eight eight tests tests the the series series of of this this de- an an article article ried ried

one one of any any for from from obtained obtained chosen chosen was was life life service service County, County, Luis Luis Obispo Obispo car- Works Works Pz~blic Pz~blic

San

maximum the the years, years, in in and and Cambria, Cambria, 3'/ 3'/ every every of of job job 1 1 north north just just Route Route and Highways Highways

nn paint of of one one an an to to average average Bridge, Bridge, Creek Creek amounts amounts The The Leffingwell Leffingwell 5 5 or7zia of of f f Cali Cali sue sue

This 1958. 1958. up up to to jobs jobs

paint paint

eight eight

1958. in in made made is- 1962 1962 February February DISTRICT DISTRICT

required it it in in 1932, 1932, Built Built bridge. bridge. the the were applications applications after after years years %Z %Z 2 2 January- TIZe TIZe

Inspector Painting Painting Bridge Bridge WOODS, WOODS, L. L. A. A.

and Engineer, Engineer, Testing Testing Chemical Chemical Senior Senior ROONEY, ROONEY, A. A. H. H. By By

r ~~ ~~ •~ •~ ,.: Span 3—Inorganic zinc silicate laboratory production. Application ton recent to rate properly (1902).

Span 4—System Nn. 2, total 8 mils. Freckle rust throughout. This system shows no promise for coastal exposures. Despite additional thickness more rust has occurred. Will discard this one. Rating: 6.

Span 4—System No. 1, total 6 mils. Only rust is on abrasions and laminations. Excellent shape. Rating: 9-}-.

Span S—System No. 1, total 6 mils. Condition similar to Span 4, System No. 1. ..Very good. Rating: 9-}-.

Span 5—System No. 2, total 8 mils. Better shape than same system in other spans. Some rust on bottom and cop flanges and nn flange edges. Rating: 7.5.

Spans 6, 7, 8—System No. 4, total 6 mils. Very good shape for 6 years' exposure. Light rust scattered throughout mainly on flange edges, bracing member edges and ends and around hearings. Rating: 8. FIGURE 3—Condition of average paint system applied in 1952 after six years' service. Conclusions after nearly 6 years of service, a con- Span 2—System No. 2, total 8 mils. All systems are performing better Considerable rust throughout on webs. servatively reasonable projection of than expected in such a highly cor- service Worst area on webs near pier. life expected from each sys- Rating: 6.5. rosive area. tem can be made. Rating of the systems and conclu- . ~~. '' sions reached follow: ~ , ~«

1964 ANNUAL REPORT ON EXPERIMENTAL WORK Leffingwell Craek Bridge, No. 49.44 Painted OctAber 198 Inspection Date February 20, 1964 Ratings are rr~ac~e on an inverse scale of 10 to 0. A ratii~~ of 10 wonlcj indicate no ruse, and lesser ratings indicate more rust. Span 1—System No. 4, total 6 mils. Lnds of several bracing members showing tubercules. Some rust around bearings. A few spots on bottom of bottom flange and on bottom flange edges. Top flange edge rust growing slowly. Rating: 8. Span 1—Four mils red lead primer, State Specification 58-G-53, and two mils of State Specification 58-G-79 green topcoat. Mare rust than nn vinyls in adjacent areas. Rating: 7.

Span 2—System No. 1, total 6 mils. Good shape. Rust or rust stain along top edge of top flame does not appear to be growing much. Bracing good. Light rust on steel slivers has not penetrated steel proper. FIGURE 4—CondiPion of paint system Nn. 4 applied in 1958 of4er six years' service. This is fhe same Rating: 9-}-. area as shown in Figure 3. The condition in Figure 4 is typical of system No. 4.

March—~8~aril ]965 61

Works Public Public and and

Highways Highways California California 62 62

page page page page

on on

.. ..

.Continued .Continued

2. systern systern No. No. of of of of paint paint condifion condifion 6— Typical Typical FfGURE FfGURE

-41 -G T58 and and -G -40 -40 T58 Specifications Specifications State State

vinyls, of of by by mils mils 2 2 followed followed applied applied G -52, -52,

52- State State Specification Specification primer, primer, wash wash vinyl vinyl

water, with with off off scrubbed scrubbed agent agent tion, tion, curing curing

solu- acid acid phosphoric phosphoric a a cured cured with with binder binder

- silicate pigment zinc zinc of of 3 3 inorganic inorganic mills mills

1 No. No. System System

COATINGS

1 TABLE TABLE

costs.

total total in in increase increase slight slight the the <:

offsets than than more more servicelife servicelife increased increased

that appears appears It It justified, justified, economically economically

be to to seems seems bridges bridges coastal coastal our our on on

coatings silicate silicate zinc zinc inorganic inorganic of of use use

extensive more more A A organic. organic. the the with with

pronounced less less are are they they although although

vehicles, inorganic inorganic and and organic organic both both

in coatings coatings zinc -rich -rich of of plications plications

ap- field field in in found found are are results results Similar Similar

respect. this this in in

findings field field confirm confirm cabinets cabinets spray spray

salt- laboratory laboratory in in sections sections scribed scribed nn nn

tests accelerated accelerated of of Results Results rust. rust. ing ing

spread- by by paint paint sound sound of of dercutting dercutting

un- or or penetration penetration rust rust inhibit inhibit to to tends tends

zinc zinc which the the by by afforded afforded protection protection

galvanic to to traceable traceable is is probably probably This This

1. No. No. System System by by covered covered areas areas in in

is is found edges edges these these nn nn rust rust less less that that

noting is is worth worth it it However, However, tered. tered.

encoun- 1. No. No. normally.. normally.. system system that that of of of of of of paint paint typical typical Typical Typical not not condition condition S— FIGURE FIGURE

is it it since since report report this this in in ignored ignored less less

more more is is reports reports previous previous

in in length length 9g

at discussed discussed was was which which edges edges flange flange

top the the along along condition condition rust rust The The

Typical Nof Nof Condition Condition Rust Rust

more. or or years years eight eight of of servicelife servicelife

minimum give give a a will will This This longer. longer. last last

possibly could could It It years. years. more more three three or or

two for for about about necessary necessary be be will will areas areas

those in in paint paint of of replacement replacement no no that that

appears now now it it but but 2, 2, No. No. System System

by areas areas covered covered in in exists exists rust rust More More

longer. or or years years

10 be be then then will will Servicelife Servicelife longer. longer.

or years years to to five five four four another another for for sary sary

be be neces- not not will will probably probably repainting repainting

and best, best, second second 4 4 rates rates Nc~. Nc~. System System

servicelife. years years 12 12 of of total total a a or or

longer, years years is is six six guess guess conservative conservative

A processes. processes. corrosion corrosion lost lost through through

been has has zinc zinc much much how how determine determine

to way way is is no no there there since since last. last. tem tem will will

sys- this this

long long how how estimate estimate accurately accurately ,:3 ~~ r r

to impossible impossible it it makes makes breakdown breakdown of of

absence relative relative The The best. best. the the rently rently

X.r

~~` ~~` ~ ~ K K ~~ ~~ "~ "~

i i

~ ~

~ ~ Q Q :~ :~

~ ~ is is "~d£~% "~d£~% cur- XtY XtY b".~` b".~` performance performance 1 1 4 4 No. No. System System The California four-lane construction of an ultimate DISTRICT freeway-express- To RivsnlN B eight-lane development with separated 11 ~'"ay system, total- roadways and a variable width me- ing 12,414 miles of FERRIS dian. road, was signed Design standards established for ma- into law by Gover- jor freeway route~'were used on these nor Brown on June projects. The 2,000-foot minimum 19, 1959. The 102 radius curves and 6 percent maximum mile portion of U9 grades on the existing highway have 395 linking River- been improved to 4,000-foot minimum side and San Bernadino to San Diego Raneho '7 _:;;~.:: California radius curves and approximately 3 is one of the important segments of percent maximum grades. road included in this system. The first unit between 1.7 miles In addition to the three major 1a~~, _ /_ j;i!~;yJ_COUNTY north of Pomerado-Miramar ~— Road metropolitan i COUNTY areas of Riverside, San FALLBROOK _ j r and 1.4 miles ,north of Poway Road Bernardino and San Diego, two new will he completed in May 1965 at a areas have started developing along cost of $3,400,000. O. K. Mittry and this route. The Rancho California is Sons handled this 3.6-mile section. now in the planning stage. A popula- The second unit between Pom- tion concentration of 400,000 people erado-Miramar Road and the Poway is envisioned for this 87,500-acre de- Road construction has an expected velopment located south of Perris completion date of December 1965, at near the Riverside and San Diego a cost of $2,000,000. Daley Corpora- county line. tion is handling this 3.2-mile section. MVERTI9E 198! ODES Rancho About 20 miles south of the pro- UNIT-IQ , __:~ Bernardo ADVERTIlE 1986- 6 which was awarded January 21, 1965. posed Rancho California development UNIT•I "~'~a Rancho UNDER ~6 ~~45qu1108 and 30 miles north of San Diego, we DEL B01ST Poway Road Unit MA ~~II have the Escondido and the North ppWAY The third unit, a 5.2-mile section San Diego City area rapidly develop- MIRAMAR PpMERA00 north of the Poway Road construc- ing. Escondido ROAD ROAD is a long established LA tion, is expected to be under contract city, but within the last ten years it ,iou ~~ ,._._, this summer. This section, estimated has been one of the fastest growing at $3,600,000 will complete the free- areas in San Diego 7b E/ Gn/ro County. LA way through Rancho Los Penasquitos and into Rancho Bernardo to the City Limits ExTended DII]E~ Rancho Bernardo Road Interchange. Early 1962 in the San Diego city The fourth unit; planned for con- limits were extended approximately 10 Struction beginning in early 1966, if miles to the north to include the pro- Highway 395 is an important north-south arfery funds are available, will complete the communities in and north of the San Diego area. posed of Rancho Ber- four-lane freeway between Pomerado- nardo and Rancho Penasquitos. Los Miramar Road and the four-lane ex- proposed $300,000,000 The Rancho San Diego and Escondido was carry- pressway through the City of Fscon- Bernardo Community expected has an ing approximately three times the dido. This 4.4-mile section, estim2ted population of 50,000 on about 5,000 traffic for which it was designed. US to cost $3,500,000 will have a south- acres by 1975. The 14,000 acre Los 395 was not designed for heavy truck bound map stop just inside the north- Penasquitos Community is expected to traffic, and the increase of commercial ern city limits of San Diego in the develop a population of about 150,000 use between San Diego and San Ser- Rancho Bernardo area. in 20 years. Both communities will nardino on the very steep and lengthy Construction of Unit I involved 2,- contain the basic elements of indus- grades adds to the congestion. 500,000 cubic yards of excavation of trial, commercial, recreational and Construction of the 16-mile section shattered and massive blocks o~ vol- residential areas. of US 395 between Pomerado-Mira- canic rock in the 200 foot "Rig Cut" estimated In 1961 it was that the mar Road and Escondido was divided on the south end of the project. The -lane highway two section between into four units. Each unit has an initial shattered rock combined with a thin

March—April 1965 C•S~3 clav layer resulted in a slide in the one. The third and last phase was of Two New Bridges easterly face of the "Big Cut." "this a larber magnitude and lasted approxi- Two bridges of this unit will now slide of approximately 100,000 cubic Tnately two days. After several weeks, carry traffic over Los Penasquitos yards occurred in three phases. P11ase rlle material was removed and the cut Creels just south of the Poway Inter- one lasted about six hours and. con- slope was laid back to the slope of ~n change. The new prestressed compos- tained the majority of dirt. Phase two underlying bedding plane of approxi- ite girder bridge to be used for south- was a minor continuation of phase mately 1 %z :1. bound traffic is approximately 135 feet

looking northeast up Penasquitos Creek from above the present bridge and the piers of the new bridge. Poway Road is in the background.

64 California Highways and Publec War-ks above the creek bed and 65 feet above ~ ,..a~~;~~ the existing concrete arch bridge con- ~:~. ,, ~.. '_T structed in 1949. The four piers cif the r new bridge were constructed by the use of slipforms and continuous concrete pours. A series of jacks and sightings nn the centerlines of the end and side of each pier assured true vertical alignment. Two construction projects in the City of Escondido are converting the existing two-lane conventional highway into an expressway. The first of these projects is now completed and extends the existing Escondido expressway south where it is to be joined ultimately by the earlier mentioned freeway. The second project, which is in the grading stage of construction, will extend the existing expressway northerly to the point where it will join the future bypass freeway. Looking north into Penasquifos Canyon showing the present }wo-lane highway with 6-percent grade. The Escondido Bypass will replace Poway Road is in the background. the existing expressway through town. 17:"'N Freeway agreements have been con- a . *d",. ~~.. ., ~~.. cluded with the City of Escondido and the County of San Diego in their respective areas.

Design Work Started Design of the six-lane freeway has begun on this 10.6-mile section. The relocation will leave the existing route approximately 1'/Z miles north of Lalce Hodges and will rejoin US 395 approximately three miles north of Route 78. This realignment bypasses the business and older residential areas to go through a sparsely settled area of avocado groves approximately one mile west of existing US 395. The 20-mile section of US 395 north of Escondido to the county line is now in the planning stage. This section is possibly the lcey to the extent of ultimate use of this route, particularly by commercial traffic. This 20 miles through extremely rough and rocky terrain, crosses two main canyon areas of low elevation which necessitated the heavy 6- to 7-percent grades of extreme length, characteristic of the existing road. The northerly nine miles of this section is on the scenic highway system. This rugged section is the potential bottleneck in this hundred miles of highway. The gradient and alignment Looking northwest problem has been solved from San Di- down a 7-percent grade section of present Highway 395 toward the San Luis Rey River. This is typical of the existing route north of Escondido.

March--April 1965 65

Public Public Highways Highways and and California California Works 66 66

the the background. in in is is bridge bridge silicate. zinc zinc ganic ganic

inor-

foTmulati~n foTmulati~n

of of

]aUorarory ]aUorarory

a a with with

1962 1962 -lane -lane two Existing Existing slipforms. slipforms. with with arch

Bridge Bridge

Creek Creek

Penasquitos Penasquitos

new new the the on on

concrete concrete

pour pour

A A

continuous continuous

was was in replaced replaced and and failed failed early early 3 3 No. No. System System * *

northward. miles miles another another 12 12 Anderson Anderson

through progress progress in in now now construction construction

extend extend freeway will will project project The The

County.

Redding, Redding, Shasta of of north north miles miles two two

and Anderson Anderson of of north north River River ramento ramento

Sac- the the between between freeway freeway 5 5 Interstate Interstate

-lane four the the completing completing tract tract for for

$2,990,000 $2,990,000 con- a a awarded awarded Works Works has has

of of Pubic Department Department State State The The

EXTENDED 5 5 .INTERSTATE .INTERSTATE

mils. 6 6 thickness, thickness, film film Total Total

-79. -G 58 tion tion

Specifica- State State iridescent iridescent green, green, phenolic phenolic of of

mils -53; -53; -G 58 2 2 Specification Specification State State primer, primer,

lead red red drying drying quick quick - semi of of mils mils 4 4 G -52; -52;

52- Specification Specification primer, primer, State State wash wash Vinyl Vinyl

3 No. No. System System

mils. 6 6 thickness, thickness, film film Total Total

-49. -G TSS Specification Specification State State coat, coat,

finish aluminum aluminum paint, paint, vinyl vinyl of of mils mils coats; coats; 2 2

and and alternating in in -41 -41 -G T58 -40 -40 -G tions tions TSS

8pecifica- State State paints, paints, vinyl vinyl of of mils mils 4 4 G -52; -52;

Specification Specification 52- primer, primer, State State Vinyl Vinyl wash wash

4 No. No. System System

mils mils -20 -20 thick. 15 hot hot spray spray

by applied applied and and adduct adduct amine amine epoxy epoxy an an with with

cured percent percent 5 5 and and TiO~ TiO~ percent percent CraQ3 CraQ3 2Q 2Q

-195, 180 equivalent equivalent of of epoxide epoxide an an and and °C °C 25

-100 -100 at poise poise 40 viscosity viscosity of of resin resin an an epoxy epoxy

solids, solids, with made made 100 100 percent percent paint, paint, Epoxy Epoxy

3 No. No. Sysfem Sysfem

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page page . 62 62 from from Continued Continued

PAINT EXPERIMENTAL EXPERIMENTAL

395. of of US US segment segment important important this this of of

and and design location location the the of of solution solution the the

by influenced influenced be be will will area area County County ego ego

Di- San San north north the the of of Development Development

alignment. good good

and gradient gradient minimum minimum has has highway highway

existing the the and and relatively relatively is is flat flat north north

the to to terrain terrain the the county county line line ing ing the the

cross- After After Escondido. Escondido. ego ego through through WHITEHURST, GUTHRIE REAPPOINVTED TO COMMISSION WASHC~ Conference Set for Santa Fe "i'he 4-~th Annual Conference of the ~'~'estc~•n Association of State Hig~h- wav Officials is sc(~eduled toy° Santa Fe, Ne~v 1~~Icaico, during the ~~~eel. be~inni~Yg Monday, Junc 14, 196. L. Taylor Burton, administrative consultant to the Utah Road Comir~is- sion, is president of t11c 14-state organization, which held its 1904 mcetir~g in San llicgo. Other offtccrs are Charles L. Shumate, Colorado State Highway I?iigineer, vice president, and Gcor~e Lan~sner, California Deputy State Highway I~ngineer, secretary-trcas- urer. General chairman for the 1965 con- ferencc is Robert W. De La Ruc, administrative engineer for the Ne~v Mexico State High~~ay Department. ~! WILLIAM S. \IV'HITEHUdtST JAMS A. Gl~°fHI~IE IN MEMORIAN~

Governor Edmund G. Brown has ranching in the Fresno area, and was District III announced the reappointment of Wil- forinerl~~ a city councilman in Los Otto L. Clausen, highway mairlte- liam S. Whitehurst, Fresno business- Banos and I)os Palos. ~-Ie is a member nance man III. man, and James A. Guthrie, retired of the I~ resno Art Center, the Fresno editor of the San Bernardino Daily Kenneth L. Horgan, hi~hway~ main- Sportsi~ien's Association, the Foresters, tenarlce ruari III. Su~~ and Telegram, to the California the t~arn~ Bureau Federation, the Highway Commission for a term of C1larles E. Russell, highw~a~- engi- Knights of Columbus, the American four years. neerin~ technician 1. Legion, the Veterans of Foreign In making the announcement, the Wars, the Conimonw-ealtli Club, and District IV Governor praised both men's contri- St. Mary's College Alumni. He was Marion P. Cunningham, sey~ior stc- butions to the hoard, and saki, "Wc nographer. are fortunate in having the services first appointed to the Highway Com- of two men devoted to guiding the mission in 1963. District VII state's growth while maintaining its James Guthrie ~~~as born in San Vera L. Katzung, delir~eatar. beauty. Bill Whitehurst has met the Bernardino in 1888 and has been a I3en Kutukian, eiiginecri~~g aid I1. demands of commission work with resident there since, u~orkin~ for coui- District X unbiased, forward-looking judgment. munity and highway improvement as Jethro Cravens, highway mainte- He is a conservationist and business- an individual and as editor of the San nance man II. man, and so serves the best interests Bernardino Daily Suzy rrrrd 7`elegra7n, 1Vlamo Snooks, hi~h~~~~iy nlainte- of the people of California. of which he is editor emeritus. He nance r»an II. "Jim Guthrie has been a pioneer in served as president of the local chain- District XI highway development through three ber of commerce and is a member Ned H. Shubert, Sc., high~~ay field administrations, has and played an of its state board of directors. He is a oflicc assistant. integral part in shaping our transpor- rneinb~r of the advisory board of the tation system. Automobile Club of Southern Cali- Headque,rters Office "I feel we need their help in plan- fornia, the California Club, and the Ttobert K. Brecce, supervising high- ning for the growth of the future." Sutter Club. ~~~av engineer. O~vcn `~'. RusselI~ III~}l~i'd}' ~II~I- Whitehurst, a licensed mortician, Guthrie ~i~as appair~ted to the High- nccrin~ technician I. has interests in funeral chapels in I.,os way Commission by former Governor Banos, Dos Palos, I'irebaugl~, and Larl Warren in 1943 and has served Shop 4 Fresno; he is active in real estate and continuously since there. Kenneth R. Hull, garage attendant.

Id~arcf~~--April 1 ~Ib5 67 (Second of two parts. See January—February being paved. Truclrs back into cane car issue for Pgrt One.) CORRECTION anorther of these bays t~ dump into the receiving lzc~pper. In order t~ pre- Delivery of Concrete to Paver Two numerical errors slipped through the first "Slipform Paving" vent these trucks from coming into di- Central-mixed concrete is delivered. article in the January—February rect contact with the paver the front to the paver in end dump trucks issue. plate of the receiving Izopper in each which back into dumping position on On page 63, column 1, line 21, bay is mounted s~ rthat it slides freely the subgrade in front of the paver. "1,800,000" should be "177,000." backwzlyd and forward independent of Normally, the trucks operate on the On pale 68, column 3, line 12, the forward travel t~f the paver. Five subgrade only for the limited distance "60" she~uld be "90." feet of travel between fined stops is in front of the paver necessary to line provided. It is the responsibility of up properly into dnrnping position. Similar procedures are followed the operator to control the.. forward In certain instances where space is wlZere the tilt-drum truck mixers are travel of the paver so that the sliding limited, the contractors are permitted used. plate is nat against the backstops. when to use the subgrade as a haul road pro- Divided Into Bays ~ truck moves into clumping position. vided the trucl~s are not loaded in The front of the haver is divided "llie ~unlp men must balance de- excess of legal-load limits. intc3 as ni~my bays as there are lanes livery cat concrete across the width of

FIGURE ~—The sliding front plate on the s!ipform paver can seen just fo the right of the three men in the photo below.

wue,~„s._. _.

.< ~ ~.. ~ ~~;.~ ` ,~ the paver and. control the dumping rate. An unbalanced load on the paver may cause loss of traction at one of the tracks. This is especially true when paving three lanes at a time. Overloads, on the other hand, cause large variations in the forces acting on the concrete under the conforming screed and may well result in loss of traction at both tracks. The net result in either case is an area of exces- lively rough pavement. In steep terrain we have found it necessary to run the paver downhill whenever possible for similar reasons. A recent project involving 6-percent grades and 12-percent superelevation is an example of three-lane-at-a-time paving in mountainous terrain illus- trating the point. Paving was first at- tempted in an uphill direction on a 6-percent grade. Difficulty was immediately encountered.

Loss of Traction The main problem at first seemed to be loss of traction, but with ex- FfGURE 10—A taut sfringline is used to measure subgrade. perience the dump men were able to overcome t!Zat by balancing the de- the paver is maintained at uniform for properly balanced and supervised livery of concrete and controlling speed. Since this, though, is dependent trucking operations. dumping rate. While this improved upon a uniform truck cycle, it is not the result, the paving continued rco he alw'~ys possible to attain. As a relative Grade Wires unacceptably rough. Despite all his matter, it is much better practice to Piano wire stretched tautly between. efforts, the contractor was unable to slow the paver to a creep rather than steel stakes parallel to, and offset consistently meet specification toler- stopping it completely during any from, each edge of pavement is used to provide grade and alignment con- ances until he changed the direction break in the truck cycle. But, this is trol for the paver. These grade and of paving. Paving downhill resulted in only an expedient and not a substitute a reduction of the roughness of from alignment reference lines are com- nine to about three inches per mile. monly called "grade wires." They At several points in our discussion must closely parallel the desired pro- eve have indicated that the dumping file for the edges of pavement. In rare rnust be controlled. This involves practice, this means they are installed maintaining the truck cycle as uniform first by accurate measurement from and continuous as possible and man- the engineers' survey stakes and, sec- agement of the rate at which indivi- ondly, by carefully sighting along the dual trucks discharge their loads. wire, correcting for any discrepancy Reasons for the latter have already either in the measurement or in the been discussed and. need no further survey stakes. elab<>i°ation. Maintenance of a uniform The grade wires are offset approxi- and continuous truck cycle is impor- mately 30 inches laterally to provide tant for somewhat different reasons. room for the paver tracks, and ap- The. most obvious, of course, his proximately 8 inches vertically be- to do with the economics of truck cause of the location of the grade operation. There are others which are sensors. Since equally compelling. Most relevant is the position of the grade the adverse effect nn pavement sensors can be readily adjusted up or smoothness produced by repeatedly down through a range of eight inches stopping and starting the haver. It is or so, the vertical offset to be used practically axiomatic that the most must he decided at the beginning of FIGURE 11 —A closeup of the pavement edge satisfactory results are obtained where immediately behind the slide forms. the job.

MarcFi--April 1965 69

Public Public Works and and Highways Highways California California 70 70

photo. bottom bottom the the in in is is stringline stringline a a contractors shown shown from from completed completed down down measuring measuring by by therefore, therefore, surface surface instances, instances, of of ment ment some some

Measure- photos. photos. two two top top

in in shown shown is is rod rod steel steel a a

with with

photomontage. photomontage. stabbing stabbing by by above above Measurement Measurement

tracks. tracks. In paver paver the the of of

width width

full full

the the

the in in

shown shown as as techniques techniques two two by by accomplished accomplished

is is

thickness thickness

pavement pavement of of Measurement Measurement 13— FIGURE FIGURE

to base base treated treated the the extend extend to to ficient ficient

suf- not not is is it it but but gumpitig, gumpitig, edge edge come come

over- to to sufficient sufficient considered considered is is This This

edge. pavement pavement each each beyond beyond foot foot

one extend extend to to required required is is base base treated treated

The section. section. - cross grade grade and and for for ances ances

toler- close close to to base base treated treated cement cement a a

constructing by by prepared prepared is is pavement pavement

concrete for for subgrade subgrade California, California, In In

Subgrade Subgrade Preparation

wire. grade grade

the set set to to required required is is urement urement alone alone

meas- vertical vertical direct direct a a so so that that offset offset

same at at the the he he they they preferable preferable that that

. , , : : ~. ~.

is It It ,stage. ,stage. preparation preparation the the subgrade subgrade

~:: ~~~ ~~~

stakes stakes locating locating at the the when when sidered sidered

~ ~

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of of con- from from is is wires wires pavement pavement edge edge ._

grade of of offset offset horizontal horizontal

the the that that

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2 2 L L

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;.,,.,rt.. ;.,,.,rt.. .. ,, ,, means purposes. purposes. this this both both practice, practice, In In

for able able same same the the use use to to stakes stakes survey survey

desir- this this For For highly highly is is it it reason, reason,

of of pavement.

twa twa thickness the the affect affect will will sets sets the the

between the the discrepancies discrepancies pavement, pavement,

and are are stalees stalees subgrade subgrade the the for for used used

separate separate If If of stakes stakes sets sets of of used. used.

with with incurred incurred set hazard hazard each each this this is is

and are are ancies ancies hazard, hazard, present present - ever an an

say, say, to to Needless Needless discrep- stakes. stakes. such such

in in discrepancies discrepancies any any survey for for the the

detect detect to to sighted sighted are are correct wires wires and and

As As earlier, earlier, mentioned mentioned grade the the

Stakes Survey Survey

thickness. in in inch inch deficient deficient

24- one of of feet feet -wide -wide foot pavement pavement

800 was was terminal terminal result result The The bridges. bridges.

one one across across the of of moving moving paver paver the the

of the the in in forgotten forgotten tirely tirely confusion confusion

~MMi

~~ en- was was it it grade grade accordingly, accordingly, sensors sensors

i ~~i ~~i

;~ ;~

to to the had had adjust adjust and and briefed briefed been been

change of of knew knew

lcey lcey this this personnel personnel all all

forms. side side loaded loaded - spring the the the the shows shows of of makeup makeup sketch sketch —ihis —ihis 12 FIGURE FIGURE

Although lineal lineal 800 800 feet. feet. proximately proximately

ap- two two of of tween tween distance distance a a bridges, bridges,

the the inches inches be- to to area area offset offset in in seven seven

the reason, reason, changed changed contractor contractor the the

some inches. inches. For For established established eight eight at at

this this was in in vertical vertical instance, instance, offset, offset,

The painful painful very very with with ects ects results. results.

proj- our our of of one one on on occurred occurred It It ment. ment.

pave- of of segments segments isolated isolated the the of of some some

for wires wires grade grade of of installation installation the the

in offset offset a a vertical vertical different different use use to to

another, or or tendency, tendency, reason reason one one for for a a

be may may there there grade, grade, at at decks decks bridge bridge

by frequently frequently interrupted, interrupted, is is projects projects

many pavement pavement Because Because on on the the have extended it at their cost an ad- ects that 90 feet of trailing form be is prevented, and local high spots in ditional 6 to 12 inches to provide a used. The thought was that the pave- the subgrade do not result in rough smooth, firm track path area for the ment edges would slump away if pavement. paver to travel on. These are excep- they were not supported by at least Internal Vibration tional cases, though; in most instances, that length of side form. We soon Internal vibration, as used on slip- the untreated shoulder material com- learned that reducing the length of form pavers of the type employed for pacted to proper grade has been ade- side form resulted in less rather than three-lane-at-a-time paving, serves two quate. more edge slump. Accordingly, our distinct purposes. It compacts the plas- One of the more important prob- current practice is to use only that tic concrete and overcomes surface lems with slip form paving is the dif- length of form necessary to support tearing under the conforming screed. ficulty of subgrading the base to the the edges under the paver itself. Early in our experience we con- very tight grade tolerances requisite. Proper design of the side form sec- ducted laboratory studies to determine It has yet to be completely resolved. tion proved to be a more troublesome what minimum amplitude and fre- In an attempt to overcome it, most problem than the length of form to quency were necessary to adequately of our contractors are now employ- he used. The original design provided compact concrete. These studies indi- ing automatically controlled subgrad- for forms of monolithic cross section cated that a frequency of 5,000 vibra- ing equipment. Sensors and grade rigidly attached to the paver screeds. tions per minute is the practical mini- wires similar to those on the paver are In depth they were only slightly less mum, and that the amplitude should used. than that of the pavement. This vas he sufficient to be perceptible on the The most successful procedure at intended to allo~~~ diem to clear the surface of the concrete more than one present involves subgrading for the subgrade but prevent excessive waste foot from the vibrating element. treated base as carefully as for the of concrete. They i~~ere impractical In practice, these minimum require- pavement. When a uniform thickness because they "bottomed out" on local ments are fulfilled by a series of spud- of base is placed and compacted only High spats in the subgrade or on par- type vibrators mounted in the receiv- slight trimming is required to obtain ticles of the coarse aggregate wedged ing hopper of the paver. They are subgrade to reasonably close toler- between the forms and the subgrade. spaced laterally at 30-inch intervals ances. The paver would then be lifted above and positioned ahead of the conform- The primary control of pavement grade, causing roughness in the pave- ina screed at a distance approxi- thickness is established by making ment. Afloating action would also be ~nately equal to the thickness of certain that the subgrade is at a mini- induced by the extra concrete under pavement. The latter dimension, de- mum offset below the grade wires at the screeds, thus extending the area cif termineci empirically, is somewhat all points. This is accomplished by roughness. critical. If the vibrators are positioned stretching a string taut over the grade The solution finally devised was a too closely to the screed, the surge wires at periodic intervals and meas- two-piece, spring-loaded form design behind the screed is uncontrollable. uring down to the subgrade every as illustrated in Figure 12. If moved too far ahead of the screed, two feet transversely. High spots are With forms of this design, t11e the load on the paver is greatly in- then cut. upper part is attached to the screeds. creased and excessive tearing of the Side Forms The lover part slides on and adjusts surface is incurred. The length of sliding side form was to variations in the subgrade, without The second purpose of internal vi- a subject of much concern to us five exerting excessive uplift pressure on bration, as stated, is to overcome years ago. Our concern was reflected the paver. Excessive waste of concrete surface tearing. This is accomplished in a requirement on our initial proj- either over or under the side form with a tube-type vibrator mounted along the entire width of the conforming screed at the leading edge. There is approximately t~vo inches of clearance bet~~s-een leading edge and the side of the tube, and the bottom of the tube is about one-fourth-inch lower than the screed. Manufacturers have made determined efforts to accomplish both of these purposes with either the tube vibrator or the spuds rather than using both. All of these efforts have failed. Either the compaction is inadequate, tearing is not adequately overcome, or the amount of surge behind the conforming screed is uncontrollable. Furthermore, the ability to compen- FIGURE 74—A sketch of the rotating screed and pan float arrangement. sate for variations in the concrete at

March—Aril 1965 71 the paver, as discussed more fully vary the frequency by the amount of ously attend to the operation of the later on, is impaired. grout carried ahead of the rotating control sensors. Many things can Frequency of the tube vibrator screed. Au increasing• amoLmt of grout cause these sensors to get off the need not be the same as for the spud- is a signal to decrease the frequency, grade wires. A few moments of oper- type vibrators. Best results have been and conversely for a decreasing ation with any one of -the sensors off obtained where means are provided amount of grout. the wire can produce roughness in for the paver operator to readily vary Several of the paver operators have zhe pavement requiring costly correc- it between 3,000 and. 5,000 vibrations become very skillful at this and are tive measures. This is so costly as to per minute. This permits the operator often able to anticipate adjustments more than offset the expense of two to compensate for variations in con- by the appearance of the mix in the men to insure that it does not happen crete consistency; decreasing the fre- receiving Hopper. Careful attention to in the first place. quency w)len the mix becomes wetter the technique can result in a signifi- and surge behind the conforming cant improvement of the pavement Pavement Thickness screed increases, or increasing the fre- smoothness. quency when the mix is dryer and Measurement of pavement thickness tearing of the surface is encountered. Surveillance Sensors is accomplished by two techniques: When a rotating screed is used Another technique practiced by stabbing• the actual depth of concrete, behind the conforming screed the op- contractors is that of stationing men and measuring down to the completed erator can judge when and how to at each side of the paver to continu- surface from a stringline.

P ,. A ~r ~ .~ ~ ~, ~;. FIGURE 15—Pipe floating is accomplished by manually towing a six- or eight-inch aluminum pipe forward and backward over the surface with the pipe positioned diagonally across the slab.

~2 Cafifornic~ Fii~he~ays and Public Works ;~. - ~~ ~* .w ~,

~-_ ,~

FIGURE 16—Two burlap drags are drawn longitudinally over the surface to produce o nonskid texture.

Stabbing the depth of concrete is the pavement thickness can be calcu- Final Finishing performed at random locations imme- lated by direct comparison of the The final operation with the slip- diately behind the paver. A calibrated data. form paver is to float the surface util- steel rod one-eighth to one-fourth izing several pan floats, or the combi- inch in diameter, which is marked to nation of a rotating screed and a indicate the proper depth, is inserted single pan float, which are attached to carefully into the concrete and the paver. T1iis removes minor imper- fections and fills worked down until the end touches torn areas in the surface. the subgrade. This technique is not Final finishing consists of floating precise, but it will quickly sho`~ up the surface with a pipe float, touching gross errors. up and rounding the edges, and tex- For more precise determination, turing the surface. measurements are made of the com- Pipe floating is accomplished by pleted surface from a stringline manually towing asix- or eight-inch stretched taut over the grade wires. aluminum pipe forward and backward over the. surface with the pipe posi- The same locations at which the sub- tioned diagonally across the slab. This measured are used so FIGURE 17—A closeup of a Inngitudinal joinf grade was that installer. action develops a small amount of

March—April 1965 ~3 grout to eliminate minor imperfec- finally, two burlap drags are drawn Dowels and joint assemblies were tions and produce a uniform surface longitudinally over the surface to pro- not used. However; 'tie bars 30 inches appearance. duce anonskid texture, and the cure long were placed across all longitu- Many contractors find it advanta- is placed. Write pigmented liquid cur- dinal joints and at all transverse con- geous to straightedge the surface at ing compound, sprayed by machine at tact joints. These bars of %z-inch re- this time when irregularities can read- the rate cif one gallon per 150 square inforcing steel were spaced at 30-inch ily be removed by the finishers. A 25- feet, is universally used as the curing intervals. foot bow-type straightedge which medium. 5lipforin methods made it feasible utilizes a piano wire has been found JoinT Construction to substitute a joint insert for sawing to be effective. For some years prior to .introduc- in the construction of longitudinal It has been mentioned that reducing tion of slipform paving methods; Cali- contraction joints. A continuous strip the length of side form reduces the fornia's joint practice was standard- of 4-mil-tllicic polyethylene plastic is amount of edge slump. While this is ized. Longitudinal and transverse con- no~v inserted by use of a vibrating true, there is normally some slight traction joints were sawed. Contact Iceellil

Smoothness Measurement It has been found desirable to determine compliance with smoothness requirements as early as possible. This is accomplished by use of the Cali- fornia-type profilograph .which is essentially a 25-foot-long beam with a recording wheel at the midpoint and multiple support wheels at each end. FIGURE 18—Tiebars for longitudinal join+s are placed by mechanical insfallers located in front of the It is operated over the pavement as conforming screed of the paver and are automatically actuated by a triggering device on the track assembly. soon as the concrete has hardened

74 California Highways and Public Works ,. .. ~ _~

FIGURE 19—A California-type profilograph, used to determine pavement smoothness, is operated over fne surface as soon as the concrete has hardened sufficiently to support the instrument. sufficiently to support the instrument, path areas, superelevation and profile 4. Equipment manufacturers must usually during the morning of the first grade, operating conditions, and other be able to provide technical assistance day following placement. pertinent factors. in the maintenance of equipment. A continuous chart is obtained In effect, it is a permanent graphic 5. Quality and uniformity of the which is analyzed quantitatively. The presentation, foot by foot, of the concrete must be carefully controlled. numerical indices derived by this test 6. The subgrade paver performance with respect to must be very ac- procedure must comply with specifi- curately graded, and improved sub- surface smoothness. Used cation tolerances. with the log grading equipment must be developed. There is reason to believe that the mentioned earlier, and supplemented 7. Increased production is not anly development and use of this profilo- with a detailed on-site inspection, it possible but it is necessary to exploit graph has had an important influence has materially contributed to progress. the full advantage inherent in the upon a slipform paving in California. method. Not only has it made possible the es- Summary and Conclusions 8. Proper use of internal vibration tablishment of a standard of accept- 1. In five years slipform paving has is essential for satisfactory concrete able performance; it has also provided become the most common technique density and pavement smoothness. a means of qualitatively appraising the used to construct concrete pavement 9. Accurate adjustment and con- paving operation. The trace produced in California. stant surveillance of automatic control elements on the profilogram represents a very 2. Cost estimates and the trend of are vital. 10. Pavement smoothness should close approximation of the intimate hid prices indicate cost savings in ex- be measured and recorded in a manner profile of the pavement. As such, it cess of one dollar per cubic yard. which. permits adoption of rational can be used to examine the effect on A 3. higher level of technical abil- standard of performance requirements pavement smoothness of adjustments ity is required cif supervisors, opera- and an early quantitative and qualita- of the paver, condition of the track tors and maintenance personnel. tive appraisal of results.

March—April 1965 75

►~lighways ►~lighways

Works Public Public and and California California

76 76

16 16 junction. fhe fhe Highway Highway Road Road toward toward Dillard Dillard along along northward northward Looking Looking

Lo- year. year.

each each twice twice of of average average an an periods to to subject subject and and radius, radius, 100 -foot -foot areas. industrial industrial and and centers centers

impaired impaired use use its its or or greatly greatly closed closed 50- of of curves curves horizontal horizontal alignment, alignment, commercial subdivisions, subdivisions, residential residential

was was either

the the highway highway flooding, flooding, poor poor vertical having having ard ard highway highway of development development to to due due anticipated anticipated he he

the of of

severity severity

the the on on Depending Depending substand- of of narrow, narrow, portion portion existing existing can this this route route nn nn traffic traffic in in increase increase an an

River.

Cosumnes Cosumnes of of the the tributary tributary an replaces replaces alignment alignment The The new new to to continue, expected expected County County mento mento

a Creek, Creek,

Deer Deer

from from

of of flooding flooding

Sacra- of of growth growth rapid rapid Roadi Substandard Substandard present present Replaces Replaces the the

tiL'ith area. area. Folsom Folsom the the in in 1096 1096 Route Route

FAS with with

junction junction to to a a sion sion northerly northerly

River.

Cosumnes Cosumnes

exten-

further further for for the over over plans plans call call bridge bridge a a of of Ultimate Ultimate construction construction also also includes includes 16, 16, with with connects connects Highway Highway The The project, project, which which

map: accompanying accompanying the the on on shown shown

as Highway), Highway), (Jackson (Jackson 16 16 Route Route

State State Highway with with connects connects and and

River, Cosumnes Cosumnes the the crossing crossing north, north,

miles 1.42 1.42 continues continues and and Road Road Meiss Meiss

at commences commences extension extension the the county, county,

of of the part part eastern eastern in in the the located located

1223, Route Route FAS FAS of of portion portion A A

Sloughhouse. of of east east

miles two two Extension, Extension, Road Road Dillard Dillard

as as the known known project project aid aid secondary secondary

was was federal a a ways, ways,

and and High- Streets Streets

of Plan Plan ty's ty's Master Master

Coun- Sacramento Sacramento

of development development

the for for program program

1964 the the in in pleted pleted

3 3 com- be be to to tracts tracts

con- "1' "1' DISTRIC construction construction

major of of the the One One

County Sacramento Sacramento Engineer, Engineer, Resident Resident EFFINGER, EFFINGER, F. F. A. A. By By

Plan Master Master County County Sacramento Sacramento d d O O

in Completed Completed Job Job Highway Highway Major Major Gated about two miles downstream from the new structure, the existing through steel truss. bridge with timber approach spans, was constructed about 1906 and provided the only river crossing for many miles between the community of Sloughhouse and the adjacent agricultural area. Presently posted for a 12-ton load limit, the bridge will continue to serve light ~~.~„~;.-. local traffic. ~~,'~~ Constructed by A. Teichert &Son, Inc., Sacramento, at a cost of $309,200, the new roadway and structure is located on one-half of a 110-foot minimum right-of-way so that a parallel roadway can be constructed in the future to obtain a divided multi- lane facility. The initial two lanes ~~~I~~l !~;r constructed to FAS standards, consists of 24 feet of asphalt concrete on a 36-foot roadway, minimum curve radii of 2,500 feet and maximum grades of 2.86 percent. Resting on steel H-piles and supported on concrete wall piers, the five-span reinforced concrete T-beam bridge, 350 feet in length, a To simplify placement of concrete for the superstructure, the contractor resorted to an elaborate portable provides conveyor belt system. clear roadway width of 28 feet between barrier railings. flood .occurred in December of 1964 ture concrete. Due to the location of when torrential rainfall produced a the structure and with expected irt- Designed for 33-Fool Clearance discharge estimated to be about 45,- creases in river flow,. the contractor Since it is subject to uncontrolled 000 second-foot without damage t~ decided . to make the entire super- flood discharges, the structure vas either structure or highway, both of structure pour in one operation in- designed for a streambed clearance of which remained open to traffic.. stead of several pours. Conventional 33 feet with a four-foot minimum Standard construction methods methods of placing, using cranes ~r high water clearance, capable of pass- were employed by the contractor buggies were not considered feasible ing a 1-in-50-year flood of 55,000 throughout all phases of the. project due t~ the size. of the pour.. second-foot. A repetition of the 1955 except in the case of the superstruc- To place the 643 cubic yards of concrete, the contractor used twelve. 32-foot electrically operated conveyors. With the. conveyors set in position along centerline of the deck, concrete was discharged from the transit trucks directly to the conveyer system at Abutment 6, then carried to its point of final deposit commencing at Abut- ment 1. The telescopic features of each conveyor, plus pivoting support frames, perrriitted the girder stems to he poured in advance of the deck section without too much difficulty. At an average of 56 cubic yards per hour, 11'/ hours were required to complete the successful pour. A ~" standard vibrating strikeoff and longitudinal floats were employed for fin- The Dillard Road reconstruction looking north toward the bridge over the Cosumnes River in the distance. Grading for future addition of northbound lanes can be seen to the righ+ of the roadway. shing operations.

March—~4pril 1965 77

Public Public and and Works Highways Highways California California 78 78

Previously

Route posed posed

AVE. ARY ARY

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and and Calleguas Los Los County County Angeles Angeles in in route. acres acres of of greatest greatest affected adopted adopted the the number number

that that of the the noted noted while while also also ownership ownership Road Canyon Canyon Malibu Malibu the between between of of way, way, owners owners crty crty favored favored retention retention

to to

a a

developed developed warrant warrant change. change.

had had

Free- 1 1 Route Route location location the the prop- for for mile mile of of individual individual greater greater the the nui~nber nui~nber

or or evidence ne~v ne~v changes changes substantial substantial

23.3-

a a adopted adopted had had The The commission commission favored favored revision, the the either either by by routing routing

nn concluded concluded that that the the commission commission

original original the the adoption, reaffirming reaffirming In In

Dume Point Point 1964.

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ma ~z ~z in in Simi Simi in in March ~ ~ ~' ~' ! ! Highways Highways of of sion sion

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by by Divi- the the matter matter the the conducted conducted

on on

EX EX c c a a p p ~, ~,

hearing public public a a had had

turn, turn, followed followed

a ~ ~ ~~ ~~

in His His recommendation, recommendation, Engineer. Engineer.

Highway by by State State the the recommended recommended

('3! .~, .~, y y ~~ ~~ bye• bye• A A been had had the the to to ~~hicli ~~hicli north north slightly slightly

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of of adopted adopted route the the

shifting shifting

sible sible

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ADOPTED

ROUTE ROUTE yPE yPE

FREEWAY FREEWAY

consider consider pos- to to a a hearing hearing public public ond ond

j j

k k Feld Feld sec- the the had had The The commission commission

March March in in 1962. adopted adopted was was that that

County, Angeles Angeles Los Los of of area area worth worth

the the in in Cliats- Street Street Soto Soto De De of of west west

0.3 0.3 and and mile County County Ventura Ventura in in Road Road

~'~~Iadera bet~~een bet~~een section, section, 12.2 -mile -mile

is is a area, area, of of part part the the in in Simi Simi Street Street

Spur Spur Tapo near near Ranch Ranch Railroad Railroad terson terson

Street Street Pat- and and between between First First County, County,

segment segment Ventura in in -mile -mile 3.6 The The

tember.

adopted adopted Sep- last last it it that that had had County County

Angeles Los Los Route Route in in 1 1 tion tion on on

loca- freeway freeway a a

section section of of

two -mile -mile

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1~1,➢ 1~1,➢

a revised revised

and and in in itself itself January, January, sion sion eP~ eP~ ~ ~ -~'.~ -~'.~ f j j PreviouslyAdopled~ PreviouslyAdopled~ ~otirB

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y y

commis-

the the

by by

public public

1learing 1learing

second second

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RD. RD. CAMPO CAMPO

a following following

Ventura Ventura Count~T, Count~T,

11~ 11~ in in

/yAdoP/ed

1~Previous

z z 67 67 u'",~ u'",~

, , 94 94

< < ~EETWpTE ~EETWpTE ? ?

Route of of miles miles 3.6 3.6 adoption adoption

of of

earlier earlier

e~vD ~ ~ 4y 4y ~ ~ - - ~ ~ Adop/ed\ Adop/ed\ /y /y Previous

MESA MESA

~F~ ~F~ pG~ pG~

~O an also also reaffirmed reaffirmed Ct-Y., Ct-Y., commission commission The The ~~ ~~ N N N N

routes. five five on on freeways freeways of of

miles SO SO for for

locations locations

adopted adopted mission mission

P P u u ~ ~ ~ ~

~~\

m m FREEWAY FREEWAY ADOPTED ADOPTED ROUTE ROUTE

Com- Highway Highway California California the the ruary, ruary,

Feb- January January and and in in meetings meetings its its At At

Routes Five Five on on Of Of Freeways Freeways

Miles 50 50 Adds Adds Commission Commission Creels in Ventura County, at ies Sep- tember 1964 meeting. However, it had DEPARTMENT MARKS RETIREMENT OF 46 EMPLOYEES ordered a restudy of the adopted route and a possible alternate for a District District IX two-mile section (bet~~~een east of Ueorge C. Abarr, highway foreman, Daisy M. Powers, highway field of- Busch Drive and west of Trancas Can- 36 years; Leonard E. Craig, highway fice assistant, 17 years. vc~n Road) .in the l~~alibu area because maintenance man II, 30 years; Edward of recent residential construction J. Doering, highway maintenance man District X along tl~e adopted line near Trancas II, 28 years; Byron A. Griggs, high- Theodore L. Ashworth, highway Canyon. ~vav foreman, 24 years; Lloyd A. foreman, 37 years; John T. Houlihan, Of the t~vo, State Highway Engi- highway maintenance mau \Moore,~ II, highway foreman, 36 years; Francis P. neer J. C. Wotnacic had recommended 31 years; Norman A. Pratt, highway ~~%IcHugh, assistant highway engineer, the alternate which would bypass the engineering technician I, 9 years; Lyle Gloria F. Ruff, dispatcher recent development to the south, re- G. Schlosser, janitor, 5 years. 9 years; quiring 36 fewer improvements and clerk, 9 years. saving $3,100,000 in costs. He said the District II alternate, identified as "Connector Headquarters OfT~ice W. Hiram Bartlett, highway engi- at public hearing conducted Seven" a neering technician I, 39 years; Ora Wilson A. Madsen, highway engi- Division of in Los by the Highways Harold, highway maintenance man II, neering associate, 1 S years; Henry C. in December, would provide Angeles 18 years; James C. Phipps, highway 11~cCarty, principal highway engineer, comparable traffic service, and would foreman, 17 years; Chester D. Wag- i4 years; Joseph J. Ralph, audiovisual have more favorable grades, thereby ner, highway maintenance man II, 3 3 assistant, 17 years; Ferdinand J. Vol- reducing cuts and fills. years; Arthur F. Waugh, highway freeway adoption actions, kert, senior highway engineer, 30 In other maintenance man II, 15 years. the commission located routes as fol- years. lo~vs: District III El Do~~ac~o Coza~aty: 24 miles of US Bridge delineator, 8 50 bet«peen Riverton and one-half mile DeWarren Bridges, Boyington J. Chrysler, high~~ay en- Colman, highway east of Phillips, completing free~~ay years; John W. gineering technician I, 19 years; Ila E. man II, 11 years. location for the entire length of this maintenance Stephenson, senior account clerk, ? 1 route between Sacramento and the Everett L. Walsh, supervising District IV years; I~?evada line. bridge engineer, 36 years. Trinity Cou~aty: 13.8 miles of Route Roy E. Hansen, highway mainte- 3 between 4.6 miles north of Coffee nance man III, 29 years; John F. Mad- Materials and Research Creek and the Siskiyou county line. den, associate right of way agent, 10 associate John R. Vincent, assistant steel in- In~pe~•ic~l Cou~aty: 6.3 miles of Inter- years; Wilder G. Morey, years; Joseph J. spector, 10 years. state 8 between west of Algodones highway engineer, 30 landscape mainte- Road and the Arizona border at Yuma, O'Connor, highway Sadler, Shop 2 connecting with a routing proposed nance man, 2 years; William landscape maintenance man, by the Arizona Highway Department. highway John M. Harris, high~~ay equipment years. Snaz Diego County: 4.1 miles of 5 superintendent II, 22 years. Route 125 between Blossom Lane in the SoLith Springs Valley area and District V Shop 5 Interstate 8 in Ira Mesa. Gains W. Abraham, high~~ay fore- Harry J. Kohlstedt, automobile. me- The commission also adopted as man, 28 years; Ralph J. Moon, high- chanic, 31 years. conventional highways: way maintenance man II, 33 years; S~z~zta Ba~~bc~ra Cou~zty: A 0.2-mile 1~'Iabel L. Rianda, intermediate clerk, Shop 7 revised routing of Route 224 between 8 years. Pierre O. Parish, automobile elec- US 101 and Carpinteria Beach State VII trician, 22 years. Park. District engi- Los A~ageles CozLnty: 0.4 mile of George C. Ebling, highway Shop 8 neerin~ technician, 4 years; Eula C. Vineland Avenue in Los Angeles be- i~2ar}~ F. Milnor, accounting tech- Hollywood Freeway and Jacob, supervising account clerk II, tween the nician II, 37 years. Lankershim Boulevard as Route. 170. 40 years; Jo11n R. Rouppe, highway related action, the commission maintenance man III, 26 years. (In a Headquarters Shop relinquished the portion of Lanker- shim Boulevard between the Holly- District VIII Harold L. Emrick, highway me- wood Freeway and Vineland Avenue, Wayne H. Crawford, senior high- chanic foreman, 23 years; Ella Mae formerly part of Route 170, to the way engineer, 35 years; \Maryi B. Wilson, intermediate account clerk, city.) Gaffko, varitypist, 9 years. 14 years.

March—April 1965 79

vxrrvT~xr.

srnTS srnTS or or

oerres oerres in in cni~eoniv cni~eoniv printed printed in in 57M 57M -65 -65 3 -500 -500 41553 Q Q

Chief Chief Division of of Director, Director, BARNETT BARNETT P. P. CLYDE CLYDE

AEROPBAUTICS OF OF DIVISION DIVISION

Officer Administrative Administrative GEORGE GEORGE ANDERSON ANDERSON 'r. 'r. Engineer Engineer Planning Planning TOPPING TOPPING F. F. HOWARD HOWARD

Operations Operations

Engineer SWEET SWEET CHARLES CHARLES L. L. Engineer Engineer Construction Construction and and Design Design BALALA BALALA BEN BEN Engineer Engineer Chief Chief Assistant Assistant KOZAK KOZAK J. J. 1. 1.

Chief Chief Engineer . . FOLEY FOLEY R. R. E. E.

CROSSINGS TOLL TOLL B/AY B/AY OF OF DIVISION DIVISION

(Los (Los

Angeles)

Chief Chief Deputy Deputy B. B. Francisco) Francisco) PEGRAM PEGRAM REGINALD REGINALD (San (San Chief Chief JONES JONES Deputy Deputy HOLLOWAY HOLLOWAY (Sacramento) (Sacramento) Chief Chief Deputy Deputy RHYNER RHYNER EMERSON EMERSON

Counsel Chief Chief FENTON FENTON S. S. NARRY NARRY

RIGHTS RIGHTS WAY OF OF AND AND CONTRACTS CONTRACTS OF OF DIVISION DIVISION

Engineer District District

DEKEMA DEKEMA JACOB JACOB Engineer

District District Deputy Deputy DEFFEBACH DEFFEBACH E. E. R. R. Area Southern Southern — Engineer Bridge Bridge DOWNING DALE DALE

Deego San San

I1, I1, District District District District Deputy Deputy Engineer HOY HOY W. W. A. A. Operations — Engineer Bridge Bridge . JAHLSTROM JAHLSTROM 0. 0. I. I.

District District Deputy Deputy Engineer BIRNIE BIRNIE C. C. A. A. Administration — Engineer Bridge Bridge IVY J: J: R. R.

Engineer District District

MEYER MEYER G. G. JOHN JOHN

Engineer District District Deputy Deputy

HIMELHOCH HIMELHOCH L. L. A, A, Planning — Engineer Bridge Bridge ELLfOTT t. t. A. A.

10, 10,

District District Stockton

Engineer District District TELFORD TELFORD T. T. E. E. Engineer Traffic Traffic WILSON J. J. E. E.

Angeles cos cos 7, 7, District District Architect Landscape Landscape

Principal Principal RIPER RIPER

VAN VAN

P. P.

DONALD DONALD

Engineer

District District SHERVINGTON SHERVINGTON A. A. C. C.

Engineer

Maintenance Maintenance

. TINNEY TINNEY L. L. E. E.

W W

District District Engineer

WELCH WELCH

L. L.

Bishop 9, 9,

District District

Engineer Office Office SHERIDAN C. C. PAUL PAUL Fresno 6, 6, District District

Engineer

Systems Systems

Research Research

POTTER V. V. R. R.

Engineer District District KANE KANE V. V. C. C.

Engineer District District DATEL DATEL 1. 1. R. R. Budget Budget and and Engineer Program Program PETERSON L. L. J. J. E. E.

Bernardino San San 8, 8,

District District

Buis Buis Obispo son son 5, 5, DistricT DistricT Engineer Planning Planning PENGILLY G. G. DANA DANA

Engineer Control Control Project Project PEDDY

E. E. JACK JACK

~• ~•

Engineer

District District Deputy Deputy

GREENE GREENE F. F.

County County and and Engineer

Projects Projects LEDDEN City City C. C. T. T. Sacramento

Secretary Secretary

COOPER, COOPER, JACK JACK

Engineer

District District Deputy Deputy AYANIAN AYANIAN

HAIG HAIG

Public Public and and H. H. Information Personnel Personnel SCQTT SCQTT LATHROP Works Public Public of of Director Director and and

'Engineer

District District

Deputy Deputy HAYLER HAYLER A. A. R. R.

Engineer JORGENSEN J. J. Construction Construction F. F. Officer Administrative Administrative JOHN JOHN ERRECA ERRECA

Engineer District District

HART HART S. S. ALAN ALAN

Design C. C. of of Engineer Engineer ESTEP ALVORD ALVORD

Francisco san san a, a,

Distric+ Distric+

Systems Systems Computer Computer Engineer DUNHAM N. N. A. A. Sunnyvale HOUGHTELING HOUGHTELING C. C. JOSEPH JOSEPH

Planner BEER G. G. Urban Urban W• W• C. C.

Engineer

District District

WARREN WARREN L. L. Fresno S. S. . . WILLIAM WILLIAM WHITEHURST WHITEHURST

and and BEATON L. L. Materials Materials JOHN JOHN Research Research

Engineer n~arysville 3, 3, District District

Angeles Los Los

PAYNE PAYNE

S. S. FRANKLIN FRANKLIN

Engineer Equipment Equipment . ANDERSEN ANDERSEN E. E.

NEAL NEAL

Engineer

District District

MILES MILES S. S. H. H.

Alameda KOFMAN KOFMAN ABRAHAM ABRAHAM

Comptroller BURRILL C. C. J. J. 2, 2,

Disrricr Disrricr Redding

Bernardino

GUTHRIE GUTHRIE San San A. A.

JAMES JAMES

Engineer Highway Highway State State Assistant Assistant HILL A. A. GEORGE GEORGE

District District

Engineer HELWER HELWER SAM SAM

Diego San San

Engineer State State Assistant Assistant Highway Highway BAXTER E. E. FRANK FRANK Eureka 1, 1, District District

Chairman Vice Vice S. S. WOOLLEY WOOLLEY ROGER ROGER

Engineer State State

Assistant Assistant Highway Highway

McMAHON E. E. J. J.

~• ~• Chief

Assistant Assistant PIANEZZI PIANEZZI J. J. S. S.

Agency Transportation Transportation

State State Engineer

Highway Highway GILLIS Assistant Assistant R. R. LYMAN LYMAN Chief Assistant Assistant

MacBRIDE MacBRIDE D. D. DEXTER DEXTER

Highway

Administrator, Administrator,

GEO. GEO. State State Engineer Deputy Deputy Highway Highway LANGSNER Chief Assistant Assistant

KAGAN KAGAN L. L. HARRY HARRY

and

BRADFORD BRADFORD Chairman Chairman B. B.

ROBERT ROBERT

Agent Way Way of of Right Right Chief Chief State State Engineer Deputy Deputy 1. 1. Highway Highway LEGARRA A. A. HESS HESS RUDOLF RUDOLF

way of of R~ghr R~ghr Depu4y Depu4y 1. 1. Highway Highway State State Engineer MURPHY P. P. COMMISSIAN HIGHWAY HIGHWAY

CALIFORNIA Division of of Chief Chief Highway Highway Engineer, Engineer, 9. 9. State State WOMACK WOMACK C. C.

HIGHWAYS OF OF D6VISION D6VISION

Personnel Personnel Officer Departmental Departmental WHITE WHITE ALAN ALAN S. S. Assistant Assistant Director Director VARLEY VARLEY RAY RAY (Planning) (Planning) C. C. Deputy Deputy Director Director FREEMAN FREEMAN D. D. HARRY HARRY

Analyst Departmental Departmental Management Management DuCRAY DuCRAY JUSTIN JUSTIN Director Director Assistant Assistant BAGSHAW BAGSHAW (Management) (Management) F. F. T. T. Director Director 1. 1. Deputy Deputy . . GOONEY GOONEY RUSSELL RUSSELL

Chief Chief Director Deputy Deputy . . CHAMBERS CHAMBERS A. A. FRANK FRANK

Director ERRECA, ERRECA, JOHN JOHN WORKS WORKS PUBLIC PUBLIC OF OF DEPARTMENT DEPARTMENT

Administrator BRADFORD BRADFORD B. B. ROBERT ROBERT

AGENCY TRANSPORTATIQN TRANSPORTATIQN HIGHWAY HIGHWAY

BROWN, BROWN, Governor G. G. EDMUND EDMUND

CALIFORNIA OF OF STATE STATE ..,. _, ~.

"Before and after" photos of US Highway 199 in the Smith River Canyon. Upper photo was made on January 18, 1965; when subgrade was • • partially rebuilt, and lower photo, showing completed highway, as yet unsurfaced, but carrying normal traf- mi iv r fic, on February 24, 1965. (See article beginning on page 2.) ~ ! Y

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