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Stephen Pepper's World Hypotheses: Season 1, Episode 1 Welcome To
Stephen Pepper’s World Hypotheses: Season 1, Episode 1 Welcome to the first episode of the Stephen Pepper thread. The focus of this post is World Hypotheses, Chapters 1-4. My reflections today are largely confined to definitional matters, but I also hope to set the stage for an examination (in my next post) of Pepper’s “root metaphor” theory. Perhaps the clearest path into Pepper’s thought is to consider the place where most of us began our intellectual journey: common sense. For Pepper, common sense includes “the sorts of things we think of when we ordinarily read the papers…or the sort of things we see and hear and smell and feel as we walK along the street or in the country…” (p. 39). Pepper considers common sense as a loose synonym for Plato’s notion of “opinion” (p. 39). I’m also reminded of the “natural attitude” described by phenomenologists. For Pepper, the world of common sense can be characterized as “secure” in the sense that it is “never lacking” – i.e., we can always fall back on it: • “No cognition can sink lower than common sense, for when we completely give up trying to Know anything, then is precisely when we Know things in the common-sense way. In that lies the security of common sense” (p. 43). But, in spite of its security, common sense is also “cognitively irritable”: • “The materials of common sense are changing, unchanging, contradictory, vague, rigid, muddled, melodramatically clear, unorganized, rationalized, dogmatic, shrewdly dubious, recKlessly dubious, piously felt, playfully enjoyed, and so forth. -
The Rationality Postulate in Economics: Its Ambiguity, Its Deficiency and Its Evolutionary Alternative
Walter Eucken Institut ORDO Constitutio in Libertate The Rationality Postulate in Economics: Its Ambiguity, its Deficiency and its Evolutionary Alternative Viktor J. Vanberg 03/3 Freiburger Diskussionspapiere zur Ordnungsökonomik Freiburg Discussion Papers on Constitutional Economics Institut für Allgemeine Wirtschaftsforschung Abteilung für Wirtschaftspolitik Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg i. Br. ISSN 1437-1510 The Rationality Postulate in Economics: Its Ambiguity, its Deficiency and its Evolutionary Alternative Viktor J. Vanberg 03/3 Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg und Walter Eucken Institut, Freiburg [email protected] Freiburger Diskussionspapiere zur Ordnungsökonomik Freiburg Discussionpapers on Constitutional Economics 03/3 ISSN 1437-1510 Walter Eucken Institut, Goethestr. 10, D-79100 Freiburg i. Br. Tel.Nr.: +49 +761 / 79097 0; Fax.Nr.: +49 +761 / 79097 97 http://www.walter-eucken-institut.de Institut für Allgemeine Wirtschaftsforschung; Abteilung für Wirtschaftspolitik; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, D-79085 Freiburg i. Br. Tel.Nr.: +49 +761 / 203 2317; Fax.Nr.: +49 +761 / 203 2322 http://www.vwl.uni-freiburg.de/fakultaet/wipo/ The Rationality Postulate in Economics: Its Ambiguity, its ∗ Deficiency and its Evolutionary Alternative by Viktor J. Vanberg Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Wirtschafts- und Verhaltenswissenschaftliche Fakultät Abteilung Wirtschaftspolitik und Walter Eucken Institut 1. Introduction 2. Rationality Principle vs. Rationality Hypotheses 3. Gary S. Becker’s Economic Approach to Human Behavior: Rationality Principle or Rationality Hypothesis? 4. The ‘Economic Approach’ Between Rationality Principle and Rationality Hypotheses 5. An Evolutionary Alternative to the Rational Choice Paradigm 6. J.H. Holland’s Theory of Rule-Based Adaptive Agents 7. Rationality and Markets 8. Conclusion Abstract: Though the rationality postulate is generally considered the paradigmatic core of economics, there is little agreement about its specific content and methodological status. -
Kuhn Versus Lakatos, Or Paradigms Ver Su S Research Programmes in the History of Economics
[HOPE Vol. 7 (1975) No. 41 Kuhn versus Lakatos, or paradigms ver su s research programmes in the history of economics Mark Blaug In the 1950’s and 1960’s economists learned their methodology from Popper. Not that many of them read Popper. Instead, they read Friedman, and perhaps few of them realized that Friedman is simply Popper-with-a-twist applied to economics. To be sure, Friedman was criticized, but the “Essay on the Methodology of Positive Economics” nevertheless survived to become the one arti- cle on methodology that virtually every economist has read at some stage in his career. The idea that unrealistic “assumptions” are nothing to worry about, provided that the theory deduced from them culminates in falsifiable predictions, carried conviction to economists long inclined by habit and tradition to take a purely instrumentalist view of their subject. All that is almost ancient history, however. The new wave is not Popper’s “falsifiability” but Kuhn’s “paradigms.” Again, it is un- likely that many economists read The Structure oj Scientific Revolu- tions (1962). Nevertheless, appeal to paradigmatic reasoning quickly became a regular feature of controversies in economics and “paradigm” is now the byword of every historian of economic thought.’ Recently, however, some commentators have expressed misgivings about Kuhnian methodology applied to economics, throw- ing doubt in particular on the view that “scientific revolutions” characterize the history of economic thought.* With these doubts I heartily concur. I will argue that the term “paradigm” ought to be banished from economic literature, unless surrounded by inverted commas. Suitably qualified, however, the term retains a function in the historical exposition of economic doctrines as a reminder of the Copyright 1976 by Mark Blaug MARKBLAUG is Head of the Research Unit in the Economics of Education at the University of London. -
A Brief Introduction to Philosophy of Science As It Applies to Clinical Psychology
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Ghent University Academic Bibliography Hughes, S. (in press). A Brief Introduction to Philosophy of Science as it Applies to Clinical Psychology. In S. Hayes and S. Hofmann (Eds.), Core Competencies of Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies. Oakland, CA: New Harbinger Publications. A Brief Introduction to Philosophy of Science as it Applies to Clinical Psychology Sean Hughes Ghent University Authors Note SH, Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University. The preparation of this chapter was made possible by Ghent University Grant BOF16/MET_V/002 to Jan De Houwer. Correspondence concerning this chapter should be addressed to [email protected]. 1 A Brief Introduction to Philosophy of Science as it Applies to Clinical Psychology Although it may seem like a strange way to begin a chapter on the philosophy of science, stop for a moment and imagine three intrepid explorers. Each has set out to expand the limits of human understanding in some respect. The first is an astronaut busy analyzing soil samples on the cold, dark surface of the moon. The second is a marine biologist, trying to find ways to get penguins more active and engaged at a large public aquarium. The third is a primatologist deeply interested in the courting behavior of silverback gorillas, who finds herself wading through a tropical forest in Central Africa. Although all three use the scientific method to understand a specific phenomenon, they approach their goals in very different ways. The fundamental questions they are interested in (e.g., what is the lunar soil comprised of; how can the behavior of captive penguins be changed; how do primates behave socially in the wild) will guide the procedures they use, the theories they generate, the types of data they collect, and the answers they ultimately find satisfactory. -
Scepticism and Possibilities
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Aberdeen University Research Archive Global scepticism, underdetermination and metaphysical possibility Luca Moretti Aberdeen University [email protected] Abstract I focus on a key argument for global external world scepticism resting on the underdetermination thesis: the argument according to which we cannot know any proposition about our physical environment because sense evidence for it equally justifies some sceptical alternative (e.g. the Cartesian demon conjecture). I contend that the underdetermination argument can go through only if the controversial thesis that conceivability is per se a source of evidence for metaphysical possibility is true. I also suggest a reason to doubt that conceivability is per se a source of evidence for metaphysical possibility, and thus to doubt the underdetermination argument. 1. Introduction In this paper I focus on the underdetermination argument (hereafter UA) for global external world scepticism according to which we cannot know any contingent proposition h about our environment because any sensory evidence for h equally justifies some sceptical scenario sh alternative to h (e.g. the Cartesian demon scenario or the brain-in-a-vat scenario). My central claim is conditional. I contend that the UA can succeed only if the following controversial thesis is true: one’s mere conceiving of or imagining some sate of affairs p can give one some degree of justification for believing that p is metaphysically possible. In short, I argue that since degrees of justification are closed under known entailment, sensory evidence can provide no degree of justification for a proposition p if there is no degree of justification for its known consequence ◊p, i.e. -
Batidas Intensas – Corpo E Sociabilidade Nas Festas De Música Eletrônica Em Natal THIAGO TAVARES DAS NEVES
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte Centro de Ciências Humanas, Letras e Artes Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Sociais Batidas Intensas – corpo e sociabilidade nas festas de música eletrônica em Natal THIAGO TAVARES DAS NEVES NATAL – RIO GRANDE DO NORTE 2010 THIAGO TAVARES DAS NEVES Batidas Intensas – corpo e sociabilidade nas festas de música eletrônica em Natal Dissertação submetida à Coordenação do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Sociais, da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte – UFRN, como requisito parcial para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências Sociais. Orientador (a): Prof. Drª Josimey Costa da Silva NATAL – RIO GRANDE DO NORTE 2010 Catalogação da Publicação na Fonte. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Biblioteca Setorial do Centro de Ciências Humanas, Letras e Artes (CCHLA). Neves, Thiago Tavares das. Batidas intensas : corpo e sociabilidade nas festas de música eletrônica em Natal / Thiago Tavares das Neves. – 2010. 121 f. : il. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Sociais) – Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Centro de Ciências Humanas, Letras e Artes. Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Sociais, Natal, 2010. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Josimey Costa da Silva. 1. Corpo. 2. Sociabilidade. 3. Rave (Festa). 4. Emoções. I. Silva, Josimey Costa da. II. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. III. Título. RN/BSE-CCHLA CDU 316.614 THIAGO TAVARES DAS NEVES Batidas intensas - corpo e sociabilidade nas festas de música eletrônica em Natal Dissertação submetida à Coordenação do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Sociais, da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte – UFRN, como requisito parcial para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências Sociais. -
Raves Psicodélicas
UNIVERSIDADE DE BRASÍLIA INSTITUTO DE CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM HISTÓRIA NATHALIA ARAÚJO MOREIRA TEMPORALIDADE NÔMADE: RAVES PSICODÉLICAS Brasília 2014 NATHALIA ARAÚJO MOREIRA TEMPORALIDADE NÔMADE: RAVES PSICODÉLICAS Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós-graduação em História da Universidade de Brasília como requisito parcial para a obtenção do título de mestra em história. Área de concentração: Sociedade, Cultura e Política. Linha de pesquisa: Ideias, Historiografia e Teoria. Orientador: prof. A. P. Leme Lopes Brasília 2014 2 MOREIRA, N. A. Temporalidade nômade: raves psicodélicas. Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós-graduação em História da Universidade de Brasília como requisito parcial para a obtenção do título de mestra em história. Aprovada em: / / BANCA EXAMINADORA Presidente: A. P. Leme Lopes (UnB/IH/PPG-HIS) ass.: prof. dr. Paulo Petronilio Correia (UnB/FUP; UFG/EMAC/Perf. Cult.) ass.: prof. dr. Daniel B. A. de Faria (UnB/IH/PPG-HIS) ass.: profa.dra.Maria Thereza Ferraz Negrão de Mello (suplente) ass.: 3 Ao meu avô Severino, o maior entusiasta de meu aprendizado, por suas mensagens de incentivo que me trouxeram até aqui e me levaram adiante: “Mas é bonito essa menina lendo! Lê de novo minha fia, lê!” 4 AGRADECIMENTOS Partindo da compressão pessoal de que toda nossa trajetória existencial se estabelece por meio de conexões, agradeço aqui, a todos que compartilham comigo essa magnífica experiência que é a vida: Primeiramente aos meus pais que meu propiciaram esse dom. Mãe, você é maravilhosa. Todo o carinho dedicado a mim, se transforma em combustível para seguir a diante. Agradeço por me fazer sentir tão amada. -
The Progress and Rationality of Philosophy As a Cognitive Enterprise
THE PROGRESS Æ{D RATIONAIITY OF PHILOSOPHY AS A COGNITIVE ENTEBPRISE: AI{ ESSAY ON METAPHILOSOPHY Joseph l{ayne Srníth MA (Flin.) A thesis submitÈed for the degree of the Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Philosophy, Èhe Universíty of Adelaide March,1985. Árr¿0.¡r r, Êl' /lultte,l ¡s 6Ø I (íí) CONTENTS Page TITLE (í) CONTENTS (ii) ABSTRACT (iií) DECLARATION (iv) ACKNOI.ILEDGEMENTS (v) I STATEMENT OF THE ARGIJMENT: IS PHILOSOPHY A DEGENERATING RESEARCH PROGRAMME? 1 2 DIALECTICS, CONTROVERSY AND PHILOSOPHICAL DISAGREEMENTS 34 3 THE PROBLEMS AND PARADOXES OF COGNITIVE PROGRESS 55 4 SCEPTICISM AND RELATIVISM, ANARCHISM AND NIHILISM IN METAPHILOSOPHY tr2 5. NATURALIZED EPISTEMOLOGY AND OBJECTIVIST RESPONSES 168 6. INTERNALIST RESPONSES 2A6 7. EROTETIC UNSOLVABILITY AND METAPHILOSOPHY 250 8 THE PROGRESS AND RATIONALITY OF PHILOSOPHY I: A DISSOTUTION OF THE PRINCIPAL PROBLEM 277 9 THE PROGRESS AND RATIONALITY OF PHILOSOPHY II: A THEORY OF COGNITIVE PROGRESS 305 10. THE PROGRESS AND RATIONALITY OF PHILOSOPHY III: A THEORY OF PHILOSOPHICAL RATIONALITY 32L 11. CONCLUSION: STATE OF THE ARCIIMENT 356 BIBLIOGRAPHY 358 (iii) AsSTRACT Throughout the history of phílosophy, philosophers have commented (often v/ith disnay), at the state of cognitive discord and lack of consensus which seenr-ingIy characterizes their di-sciplÍne. As David Hume observed: "There is nothing which is noÈ the subject of debate, and in which men of learníng are not of contrary opínions. The mosË trivíal questíon escapes not our controversy, and ín the most momentous \^re are not able to give any certain decisíon" (Hume, 1960, p.xviii). If Hume is right, then the question should be immediately asked: fis the trrlestern tradítion in philosophy a degenerating "research prograrune"?t Alternatively: thow can philosophy as a cognitíve enterprise be con- sidered to be both pz,ogressiue a¡d rational in the face of the problem of perenniaL phiLosophicaL dLsputes?' (Kekes,1980). -
Contextualism: Is the Act in Context the Adequate Metaphor for Scientific Psychology?
Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 1994, 1 (2), 239-249 Contextualism: Is the act in context the adequate metaphor for scientific psychology? E. J. CAPALDI and ROBERT W. PROCTOR Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana According to some, psychology as it has been practiced is based on a world view known as mech anism. Individuals from a number of different areas of psychology, most recently within the behavior-analytic community, have strongly argued that psychology should be based on a differ ent world view, contextualism. They emphasize a variety of characteristics that, in their view, differentiate a contextualistically based psychology from one based on mechanism. We examine these characteristics and find them to be of dubious value for differentiating a contextualistic approach to psychology from others. One proposal of some advocates of contextualism is that con textualistic approaches should develop independently from most ofthe remainder ofpsychology, which they regard as mechanistic. This proposal is said to be derived from the metaphilosophy ofPepper (1942). We evaluate this proposal and reject it. We go on to suggest that the mechanis tic/contextualistic dichotomy is too constraining to realistically describe various approaches to psychology. In 1942, Stephen C. Pepper published a book entitled sequently, by critically focusing on the case advanced by World Hypotheses , in which he presented a framework the behavior analysts, we should be able as well to sup for classifying philosophic systems. This framework has ply a general critique of the more salient arguments met with considerable acceptance among a variety of psy offered by various adherents of Pepper 's metaphilosophy. chologists from different fields over the past two decades. -
Modern Perspectives on JR Kantor and Interbehaviorism
Copyright @ 2006. Context Press. All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law. EBSCO : eBook Academic Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 5/31/2018 2:02 PM via UNISON - UNIVERSIDAD DE SONORA AN: 494923 ; Morris, Edward K., Midgley, Bryan D..; Modern Perspectives on J. R. Kantor and Interbehaviorism Account: s4090146.main.ehost i Modern Perspectives on J. R. Kantor and Interbehaviorism Copyright @ 2006. Context Press. All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law. EBSCO : eBook Academic Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 5/31/2018 2:02 PM via UNISON - UNIVERSIDAD DE SONORA AN: 494923 ; Morris, Edward K., Midgley, Bryan D..; Modern Perspectives on J. R. Kantor and Interbehaviorism Account: s4090146.main.ehost ii Copyright @ 2006. Context Press. All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law. EBSCO : eBook Academic Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 5/31/2018 2:02 PM via UNISON - UNIVERSIDAD DE SONORA AN: 494923 ; Morris, Edward K., Midgley, Bryan D..; Modern Perspectives on J. R. Kantor and Interbehaviorism Account: s4090146.main.ehost iii Modern Perspectives on J. R. Kantor and Interbehaviorism Edited by Bryan D. Midgley McPherson College Edward K. Morris University of Kansas CONTEXT P RESS Reno, NV Copyright @ 2006. Context Press. All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. -
MASARYKOVA UNIVERZITA FILOZOFICKÁ FAKULTA Současná
MASARYKOVA UNIVERZITA FILOZOFICKÁ FAKULTA Ústav hudební vědy Teorie interaktivních médií Michaela Mudriková Bakalářská diplomová práce Současná scéna elektronické taneční hudby v Brně Vedoucí práce: PhDr. Martin Flašar, PhD. 2017 Prohlašuji, že jsem tuto bakalářskou práci vypracovala samostatně a s využitím uvedených zdrojů. V Brně dne 10.5. 2017 podpis: Zde bych ráda poděkovala svému vedoucímu práce PhDr. Martinu Flašarovi, PhD. za cenné rady a připomínky. Dále děkuji všem svým přátelům za trpělivost a podporu. 1. ÚVOD ............................................................................................................................................. 6 2. VYMEZENÍ POJMU ELEKTRONICKÁ HUDBA ..................................................................... 8 3. ELEKTRONICKÁ TANEČNÍ HUDBA ...................................................................................... 9 4. ŽÁNRY A SUBŽÁNRY .............................................................................................................. 11 4.1. BREAKBEAT .......................................................................................................................... 12 4.2. ELECTRO ................................................................................................................................ 13 4.3. HOUSE ..................................................................................................................................... 14 4.4. TECHNO ................................................................................................................................. -
3Cd7da1f20da02aa5c1939ba8a
PROCEEDINGS OF THE' THIRTEENTH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CRITICAL THINKING AND ROBERT HEILBRONER EDUCATIPNAL REFORM DISTINGUISHED ECONOMIST AND SOCIAL CRITIC Critical Thinking: A Global Economic Imperative AUGUST 1-4, 1993 UNDER THE AUSPICES. OF THE RICHARD W. PAUL DIRECTOR OF THE CENTER FOR CRITICAL THINKING Center for Critical Thinking and Moral Critique SONOMA-STATE UNIVERSITY (707) 664-2940 TABLE OF CONTENTS The proceedings ofthe 13th International Conference on Critical Thinking are dedicated to INTRODUCTION the memory ofthe late Edward M. Glaser whose About the Center for. Critical Thinking 1 commitment to critical thinking was lifelong and whose contribution was seminal and far-reaching. Staff Development 9 Conference History , ~ 15 Conference Theme 19 Pseudo Critical Thinking 25 CONFERENCE SCHEDULING How to Find the Session You Want to Attend 29 Audience Codes and Campus Map : 31 Planning Guide 32 Conference Schedule 35 Special Interest Groups 58 Selected Sessions (Listed by Audience Code) 61 CONFERENCE ABSTRACTS Session Abstracts 79 Presenter's Addresses 187 NCECT National Council for Excellence in Critical Thinking 202 -------.~ ABOUT THE CENTER ABOUT THE CENTER FOR CRITICAL THINKING: The Center conducts advanced research and disseminates infor mation on critical thiiJ..king and moral critique. It has been working closely with the Foundqtion for Critical Thinking, the California State Department of Education, the College Board, the Association for Super vision and Curriculum Development, the National Education Associa tion, the U.S. Department of Education, and numerous school districts to facilitate implementation of high standards of critical thinking instruction from kindergarten through college. Its major works include the International Conference on Critical Thinking and the Staff Devel opment Series.