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Skepticism and Pluralism Ways of Living a Life Of
SKEPTICISM AND PLURALISM WAYS OF LIVING A LIFE OF AWARENESS AS RECOMMENDED BY THE ZHUANGZI #±r A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI'I IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN PHILOSOPHY AUGUST 2004 By John Trowbridge Dissertation Committee: Roger T. Ames, Chairperson Tamara Albertini Chung-ying Cheng James E. Tiles David R. McCraw © Copyright 2004 by John Trowbridge iii Dedicated to my wife, Jill iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS In completing this research, I would like to express my appreciation first and foremost to my wife, Jill, and our three children, James, Holly, and Henry for their support during this process. I would also like to express my gratitude to my entire dissertation committee for their insight and understanding ofthe topics at hand. Studying under Roger Ames has been a transformative experience. In particular, his commitment to taking the Chinese tradition on its own terms and avoiding the tendency among Western interpreters to overwrite traditional Chinese thought with the preoccupations ofWestern philosophy has enabled me to broaden my conception ofphilosophy itself. Roger's seminars on Confucianism and Daoism, and especially a seminar on writing a philosophical translation ofthe Zhongyong r:pJm (Achieving Equilibrium in the Everyday), have greatly influenced my own initial attempts to translate and interpret the seminal philosophical texts ofancient China. Tamara Albertini's expertise in ancient Greek philosophy was indispensable to this project, and a seminar I audited with her, comparing early Greek and ancient Chinese philosophy, was part ofthe inspiration for my choice ofresearch topic. I particularly valued the opportunity to study Daoism and the Yijing ~*~ with Chung-ying Cheng g\Gr:p~ and benefited greatly from his theory ofonto-cosmology as a means of understanding classical Chinese philosophy. -
Clios Psyche 6-4 Mar 2000
Clio’s Psyche Understanding the "Why" of Culture, Current Events, History, and Society Volume 6, Number 4 March, 2000 The Future of Psychohistory Psychohistory's False Start The Partial Success and Bright Rudolph Binion Prospects of Psychohistory Brandeis University Paul H. Elovitz Two premises together define psychohis- Ramapo College and the Psychohistory Forum tory: that human history all reduces to human do- As a historian, I find depictions of the fu- ings and that the reasons for human doings are ture tell me more about the past and their prognos- largely unconscious. Because it was psychoanaly- ticators, than about the future. What lies before us sis that first accessed the unconscious underside of will be built from the raw materials of the past and human doings, psychohistory began as applied psy- assembled in the cauldron of the human imagina- choanalysis. This was a false start. For one thing, tion. Thus, when I saw Star Wars in the 1970s, I it discouraged aspirant psychohistorians from thoroughly enjoyed identifying the historical raw learning the why of historic behavior from the his- materials combined with technology that made up toric record itself and encouraged them instead to the film which soon became a cultural sensation. (Continued on page 138) In publishing the political predictions of talented Twenty-First-Century Psychohistory .................... 153 IN THIS ISSUE David Lee The Future of Psychohistory Empathy, Kohut, and Intellectual History............. 154 Psychohistory's False Start ...................................................133 Vivian Rosenberg Rudolph Binion Resistance and Reconciliation............................... 156 Partial Success and Bright Prospects..................... 133 Howard F. Stein with Responses by Charles Strozier and Paul H. -
Presidential Address
Empowering Philosophy Christia Mercer COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY Presidential Address delivered at the one hundred sixteenth Eastern Division meeting of the American Philosophical Association in Philadelphia, PA, on January 10, 2020. The main goal of my presidential address in January 2020 was to show that philosophy’s past offers a means to empower its present. I hoped to encourage colleagues to make the philosophy we teach and practice more inclusive (both textually and topically) and to adopt a more public- facing engagement with our discipline. As I add these introductory remarks to my January lecture, it is June 2020 and the need to empower philosophy has never seemed more urgent. We’ve witnessed both the tragic death of George Floyd and the popular uprising of a diverse group of Americans in response to the ongoing violence against Black lives. Many white Americans—and many philosophers—have begun to realize that their inattentiveness to matters of diversity and inclusivity must now be seen as more than mere negligence. Recent demonstrations frequently contain signs that make the point succinctly: “Silence is violence.” A central claim of my January lecture was that philosophy’s status quo is no longer tenable. Even before the pandemic slashed university budgets and staff, our employers were cutting philosophy programs, enrollments were shrinking, and jobs were increasingly hard to find. Despite energetic attempts on the part of many of our colleagues to promote a more inclusive approach to our research and teaching, the depressing truth remains: -
What Literature Knows: Forays Into Literary Knowledge Production
Contributions to English 2 Contributions to English and American Literary Studies 2 and American Literary Studies 2 Antje Kley / Kai Merten (eds.) Antje Kley / Kai Merten (eds.) Kai Merten (eds.) Merten Kai / What Literature Knows This volume sheds light on the nexus between knowledge and literature. Arranged What Literature Knows historically, contributions address both popular and canonical English and Antje Kley US-American writing from the early modern period to the present. They focus on how historically specific texts engage with epistemological questions in relation to Forays into Literary Knowledge Production material and social forms as well as representation. The authors discuss literature as a culturally embedded form of knowledge production in its own right, which deploys narrative and poetic means of exploration to establish an independent and sometimes dissident archive. The worlds that imaginary texts project are shown to open up alternative perspectives to be reckoned with in the academic articulation and public discussion of issues in economics and the sciences, identity formation and wellbeing, legal rationale and political decision-making. What Literature Knows The Editors Antje Kley is professor of American Literary Studies at FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany. Her research interests focus on aesthetic forms and cultural functions of narrative, both autobiographical and fictional, in changing media environments between the eighteenth century and the present. Kai Merten is professor of British Literature at the University of Erfurt, Germany. His research focuses on contemporary poetry in English, Romantic culture in Britain as well as on questions of mediality in British literature and Postcolonial Studies. He is also the founder of the Erfurt Network on New Materialism. -
How to Represent Human Behavior and Decision Making in Earth System Models?
Earth Syst. Dynam. Discuss., doi:10.5194/esd-2017-18, 2017 Manuscript under review for journal Earth Syst. Dynam. Discussion started: 2 March 2017 c Author(s) 2017. CC-BY 3.0 License. How to represent human behavior and decision making in Earth system models? A guide to techniques and approaches Finn Müller-Hansen1,2, Maja Schlüter3, Michael Mäs4, Rainer Hegselmann5, 6, Jonathan F. Donges1,3, Jakob J. Kolb1,2, Kirsten Thonicke1, and Jobst Heitzig1 1Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Telegrafenberg A31, 14473 Potsdam, Germany 2Department of Physics, Humboldt University Berlin, Newtonstraße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany 3Stockholm Resilience Center, Stockholm University, Kräftriket 2B, 114 19 Stockholm, Sweden 4Department of Sociology and ICS, University of Groningen, Grote Rozenstraat 31, 9712 TG Groningen, The Netherlands 5Frankfurt School of Finance & Manangement, Sonnemannstraße 9-11 60314 Frankfurt am Main, Germany 6Bayreuth Research Center for Modeling and Simulation, Bayreuth University, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany Correspondence to: Finn Müller-Hansen ([email protected]) Abstract. In the Anthropocene, humans have a critical impact on the Earth system and vice versa, which can generate complex feedback processes between social and ecological dynamics. Integrating human behavior into formal Earth System Models (ESMs), however, requires crucial modeling assumptions about actors and their goals, behavioral options and decision rules, as well as modeling decisions regarding human social interactions and the aggregation of individuals’ behavior. In this tutorial 5 review, we compare existing modeling approaches and techniques from different disciplines and schools of thought dealing with human behavior at various levels of decision making. Providing an overview over social-scientific modeling approaches, we demonstrate modelers’ often vast degrees of freedom but also seek to make modelers aware of the often crucial consequences of seemingly innocent modeling assumptions. -
Xerox University Microfilms
INFORMATION TO USERS This material was produced from a microfilm copy of the original document. While the most advanced technological means to photograph arid reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dependent upon the quality of the original submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or patterns which may appear on this reproduction. 1. The sign or "target" for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is "Missing Page(s)". if it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting thru an image and duplicating adjacent pages to insure you complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a large round black mark, it is an indication that the photographer suspected that the copy may have moved during exposure and thus cause a blurred image. You will find a good image of the page in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., was part of the material being photographed the photographer followed a definite method in "sectioning" the material. It is customary to begin photoing at the upper left hand corner of a large sheet and to continue photoing from left to right in equal sections with a small overlap. If necessary, sectioning is continued again — beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete. 4. The majority of users indicate that the textual content is of greatest value, however, a somewhat higher quality reproduction could be made from "photographs" if essential to the understanding of the dissertation. -
The Epistemology of Racism and Community-Based
THE EPISTEMOLOGY OF RACISM AND COMMUNITY-BASED ASSESSMENT PRACTICE By ASAO B. INOUE A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY Department of English May 2005 © Copyright by ASAO B. INOUE, 2005 All Rights Reserved © Copyright by ASAO B. INOUE, 2005 All Rights Reserved To the Faculty of Washington State University: The members of the Committee appointed to examine the dissertation of ASAO B. INOUE find it satisfactory and recommend that it be accepted. ___________________________________ Chair ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank Dr. Victor Villanueva, Dr. Rory Ong, and Dr. William Condon for their careful reading of earlier drafts of this dissertation. Additionally, I appreciate Dr. Peter Elbow’s gracious help and copious suggestions on an earlier version of chapter five, a version of which appeared in the journal Assessing Writing 10.1 (2005). Most of all, I thank kelly Inoue for supporting me, keeping my life in order, and making it possible for me to do the work required for this dissertation. iii iv THE EPISTEMOLGY OF RACISM AND COMMUNITY-BASED ASSESSMENT PRACTICE Abstract by Asao B. Inoue, Ph.D. Washington State University May 2005 Chair: Victor Villanueva, Jr. This is a discussion that theorizes the epistemology of racism and incorporates it into a critical writing pedagogy. It uses primarily a critical sophistic pedagogy, a set of community- based assessment practices, and a rhetoric of hard agreements, all theorized. This discussion draws primarily from three areas: (1) sophistic rhetorical and pedagogical theory, primarily discussions around nomos-physis, Protagoras’ man-measure doctrine and his antilogical heuristics for rhetorical invention; (2) cultural theory and theories surrounding the ideological and rhetorical construction of race, class, and power; and (3) composition theory, primarily assessment theory and critical pedagogical theory. -
Records of the Office of the Chancellor, University of California, Berkeley, 1952-[Ongoing]
http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/tf3d5nb07z No online items Guide to the Records of the Office of the Chancellor, University of California, Berkeley, 1952-[ongoing] Processed by The Bancroft Library staff University Archives University of California, Berkeley Berkeley, CA 94720-6000 Phone: 510) 642-2933 Fax: (510) 642-7589 Email: [email protected] URL: http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/BANC/UARC © 1998 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. CU-149 1 Guide to the Records of the Office of the Chancellor, University of California, Berkeley, 1952-[ongoing] Collection number: CU-149 University Archives University of California, Berkeley Berkeley, CA 94720-6000 Phone: 510) 642-2933 Fax: (510) 642-7589 Email: [email protected] URL: http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/BANC/UARC Finding Aid Author(s): Processed by The Bancroft Library staff Finding Aid Encoded By: GenX © 2011 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. Collection Summary Collection Title: Records of the Office of the Chancellor, University of California, Berkeley Date: 1952-[ongoing] Collection Number: CU-149 Creator: University of California, Berkeley. Office of the Chancellor Extent: circa 200 boxes Repository: The University Archives. University of California, Berkeley Berkeley, CA 94720-6000 Phone: 510) 642-2933 Fax: (510) 642-7589 Email: [email protected] URL: http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/BANC/UARC Abstract: The Records of the Office of the Chancellor, University of California, Berkeley, 1952-[ongoing], includes records for the chancellorships of Clark Kerr, Glenn T. Seaborg, Edward W. Strong, Martin Meyerson, Roger Heyns, and Albert H. Bowker. -
Social Epistemology
Social Epistemology Franz Dietrich1 and Kai Spiekermann2 May 2019 Abstract Social epistemology studies knowledge in social contexts. Knowledge is ‘social’ when its holder communicates with or learns from others (Epistemology in groups), or when its holder is a group as a whole, literally or metaphorically (Epistemology of groups). Group knowledge can emerge explicitly, through aggregation procedures like voting, or implicitly, through institutions like deliberation or prediction markets. In the truth-tracking paradigm, group beliefs aim at truth, and group decisions at ‘correctness’ – in virtue of external facts that are empirical or normative, real or constructed, universal or relativistic, etc. Procedures and institutions are evaluated by epistemic performance: Are they truth-conducive? Do groups become ‘wiser’ than their members? We review several procedures and institutions, discussing epistemic successes and failures. Jury theorems provide formal arguments for epistemic success. Some jury theorems misleadingly conclude that ‘huge groups are infallible’ – an artefact of inappropriate premises. Others have defensible premises, and still conclude that groups outperform individuals, without being infallible. Social Epistemology is the branch of Epistemology which studies knowledge in social contexts. In this review, we first set the stage by introducing clarifications, distinctions, and applications (Section 1). We then discuss formal procedures (Section 2) and informal institutional arrangements (Section 3) which generate collective beliefs or decisions that ‘track the truth’, or instead lead to epistemic failures (Section 4). 1 Scope and problems of social epistemology 1.1 Epistemology in groups versus epistemology of groups A first distinction pertains to the knowledge holder, who is either a group member or the group as a whole. -
Cross-Cultural Aspects of Creativity: a Relation with Self-Actualization and Schizotypy
Cross-cultural aspects of creativity: A relation with self-actualization and schizotypy Dissertation zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Doktor rerum naturalium (Dr. rer. nat.) im Fach Psychologie eingereicht an der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät II der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin von Dipl. Psych. Anastasiia Ilinykh Präsident der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Prof. Dr. Jan-Hendrik Olbertz Dekan der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät II Prof. Dr. Elmar Kulke Gutachterinnen/Gutachter: 1. Prof. Dr. Elke van der Meer 2. PD Dr. Steffen Landgraf 3. Prof. Dr. Olga M. Razumnikova Tag der Einreichung: 28.03.2014 Tag der Verteidigung: 15.08.2014 Table of contents 2 Table of Contents SUMMARY IN ENGLISH (ABSTRACT) ....................................................................................... 5 SUMMARY IN GERMAN (ZUSAMMENFASSUNG) ....................................................................... 7 1 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 10 1.1 GENERAL OVERVIEW ON CREATIVITY RESEARCH ...................................................... 10 1.1.1 Defining creativity ................................................................................................ 10 1.1.2 The ‘creative personality’ .................................................................................... 12 1.2 CREATIVITY AND PSYCHOPATHOLOGY ...................................................................... 14 1.2.1 Defining schizotypy ............................................................................................. -
Stephen Pepper's World Hypotheses: Season 1, Episode 1 Welcome To
Stephen Pepper’s World Hypotheses: Season 1, Episode 1 Welcome to the first episode of the Stephen Pepper thread. The focus of this post is World Hypotheses, Chapters 1-4. My reflections today are largely confined to definitional matters, but I also hope to set the stage for an examination (in my next post) of Pepper’s “root metaphor” theory. Perhaps the clearest path into Pepper’s thought is to consider the place where most of us began our intellectual journey: common sense. For Pepper, common sense includes “the sorts of things we think of when we ordinarily read the papers…or the sort of things we see and hear and smell and feel as we walK along the street or in the country…” (p. 39). Pepper considers common sense as a loose synonym for Plato’s notion of “opinion” (p. 39). I’m also reminded of the “natural attitude” described by phenomenologists. For Pepper, the world of common sense can be characterized as “secure” in the sense that it is “never lacking” – i.e., we can always fall back on it: • “No cognition can sink lower than common sense, for when we completely give up trying to Know anything, then is precisely when we Know things in the common-sense way. In that lies the security of common sense” (p. 43). But, in spite of its security, common sense is also “cognitively irritable”: • “The materials of common sense are changing, unchanging, contradictory, vague, rigid, muddled, melodramatically clear, unorganized, rationalized, dogmatic, shrewdly dubious, recKlessly dubious, piously felt, playfully enjoyed, and so forth. -
The Rationality Postulate in Economics: Its Ambiguity, Its Deficiency and Its Evolutionary Alternative
Walter Eucken Institut ORDO Constitutio in Libertate The Rationality Postulate in Economics: Its Ambiguity, its Deficiency and its Evolutionary Alternative Viktor J. Vanberg 03/3 Freiburger Diskussionspapiere zur Ordnungsökonomik Freiburg Discussion Papers on Constitutional Economics Institut für Allgemeine Wirtschaftsforschung Abteilung für Wirtschaftspolitik Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg i. Br. ISSN 1437-1510 The Rationality Postulate in Economics: Its Ambiguity, its Deficiency and its Evolutionary Alternative Viktor J. Vanberg 03/3 Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg und Walter Eucken Institut, Freiburg [email protected] Freiburger Diskussionspapiere zur Ordnungsökonomik Freiburg Discussionpapers on Constitutional Economics 03/3 ISSN 1437-1510 Walter Eucken Institut, Goethestr. 10, D-79100 Freiburg i. Br. Tel.Nr.: +49 +761 / 79097 0; Fax.Nr.: +49 +761 / 79097 97 http://www.walter-eucken-institut.de Institut für Allgemeine Wirtschaftsforschung; Abteilung für Wirtschaftspolitik; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, D-79085 Freiburg i. Br. Tel.Nr.: +49 +761 / 203 2317; Fax.Nr.: +49 +761 / 203 2322 http://www.vwl.uni-freiburg.de/fakultaet/wipo/ The Rationality Postulate in Economics: Its Ambiguity, its ∗ Deficiency and its Evolutionary Alternative by Viktor J. Vanberg Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Wirtschafts- und Verhaltenswissenschaftliche Fakultät Abteilung Wirtschaftspolitik und Walter Eucken Institut 1. Introduction 2. Rationality Principle vs. Rationality Hypotheses 3. Gary S. Becker’s Economic Approach to Human Behavior: Rationality Principle or Rationality Hypothesis? 4. The ‘Economic Approach’ Between Rationality Principle and Rationality Hypotheses 5. An Evolutionary Alternative to the Rational Choice Paradigm 6. J.H. Holland’s Theory of Rule-Based Adaptive Agents 7. Rationality and Markets 8. Conclusion Abstract: Though the rationality postulate is generally considered the paradigmatic core of economics, there is little agreement about its specific content and methodological status.