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Greece--Selected Problems
REPORT RESUMES ED 013 992 24 AA 000 260 GREECE -- SELECTED PROBLEMS. BY- MARTONFFY, ANDREA PONTECORVO AND OTHERS CHICAGO UNIV., ILL. REPORT NUMBER BR-62445...1 EDRS PRICE MF-$0.50HC-$4.60 113F. DESCRIPTORS- *CURRICULUM GUIDES, *GREEK CIVILIZATION, *CULTURE, CULTURAL INTERRELATIONSHIPS,*PROBLEM SETS, *SOCIAL STUDIES, ANCIENT HISTORY, HIGH SCHOOL CURRICULUM A CURRICULUM GUIDE IS PRESENTED FOR A 10-WEEK STUDYOF ANCIENT GREEK CIVILIZATION AT THE 10TH -GRADE LEVEL.TEACHING MATERIALS FOR THE UNIT INCLUDE (1) PRIMARY ANDSECONDARY SOURCES DEALING WITH THE PERIOD FROM THE BRONZE AGETHROUGH THE HELLENISTIC PERIOD,(2) GEOGRAPHY PROBLEMS, AND (3) CULTURAL MODEL PROBLEM EXERCISES. THOSE CONCEPTSWITH WHICH THE STUDENT SHOULD GAIN MOST FAMILIARITY INCLUDETHE EXISTENCE OF THE UNIVERSAL CATEGORIES OF CULTURE(ECONOMICS, SOCIAL ORGANIZATION, POLITICAL ORGANIZATION,RELIGION, KNOWLEDGE, AND ARTS), THE INTERRELATEDNESS OF THESE CATEGORIES AT ANY GIVEN POINT IN TIME, AND THEINFLUENCE WHICH CHANGES IN ONE OF THESE MAY FLAY INPRECIPITATING LARGE -SCALE SOCIAL AND CULTURAL CHANGE. ANINTRODUCTION TO THE BIOLOGICAL DETERMINANTS (INDIVIDUAL GENETICCOMPOSITIONS) AND GEOGRAPHICAL DETERMINANTS (TOPOGRAPHY, CLIMATE,LOCATION, AND RESOURCES) OF GREEK CIVILIZATION IS PROVIDED.THE STUDENT IS ALSO INTRODUCED TO THE IDEA OF CULTURALDIFFUSION OR CULTURE BORROWING. (TC) .....Siiiir.i.......0.161,...4iliaalla.lilliW116,6".."`""_ GREECE:, SELEcT DPRO-BLES . Andrea POcorvoMartonffy& JOISApt, I. g ... EdgarBerwein, Geral Edi rs 4 CHICAGO SOCIALSTU i OJECT TRIAL EDITION Materials -
The Topography of Ancient Athens in the Mirabilia Urbis Athenarum 69
Hyperboreus Vol.16-17 (2010-2011) “VARIANTE LOQUELLA” The Topography of Ancient Athens in the Mirabilia Urbis Athenarum 69 Antonio Corso THE TOPOGRAPHY OF ANCIENT ATHENS IN THE MIRABILIA URBIS ATHENARUM Introductory Remarks The text which is labelled Mirabilia Urbis Athenarum is a short guide of the antiquities of Athens written for the visitors of this city.1 This short essay had been traditionally dated to the fi rst years of the Turkish rule because of the mention in the text of a doÚx as an institutional fi gure of the past which was identifi ed with the Frankish Duke of Athens.2 However recently Di Branco rightly pointed out that this doÚx is told in the guide to have gone to pray in a sanctuary of Hera, i. e. he was a pagan3 and suggested a composition of the guide in the middle Byzantine times (XIth or XIIth c.). It is possible to suggest that this doÚx mentioned in the guide was a military commander in the tetrarchic administration.4 The function of Juno as protectress of the Roman Army is very well known.5 Thus the offi cial homage of the military commander to this goddess makes sense. Moreover the author of the guide refers to a sanctuary of Hera near the Ilyssus valley which is identifi ed with that of Hera and Zeus Panhellenios seen by Pausanias 1, 18, 9 and established by Hadrian: it is probable that in that sanctuary the empress was worshipped as Hera as well as the emperor was identifi ed with Zeus/Juppiter.6 Thus the worship of the goddess would fi t the duty of the dux to acknowledge the divinity of the imperial couple. -
Ustrojów Państw Grzegorz Górski
Historia 978-83-65824-03-5 ustrojów państw Grzegorz Górski Monografie Kolegium Jagiellońskiego Historia ustrojów państw Grzegorz Górski Monografie Kolegium Jagiellońskiego Redakcja: Grzegorz Górski Copyright by © Grzegorz Górski Opracowanie graficzne: Beata Króliczak-Zajko Machina Druku Korekta: Magdalena Szczepańska, Anna Filpska Skład i łamanie: Mariusz Syguła Wydawca: Machina Druku na zlecenie Jagiellońskiego Instytutu Wydawniczego Machina Druku ul. Szosa Bydgoska 50 87-100 Toruń tel. 56 651 97 87 ISBN 978-83-65824-03-5 Druk: Machina Druku www.machinadruku.pl Spis treści Wstęp 7 Część I STAROŻYTNE INSPIRACJE Państwa starożytne – uwagi ogólne 13 Powstanie państw na Bliskim i Dalekim Wschodzie 17 Egipt 17 Persja 19 Izrael 21 Chiny 22 Indie 25 Ewolucja ustrojowa w Grecji i państwach hellenistycznych 27 Państwa-miasta greckie 27 Demokracja ateńska 31 Związki miast greckich 35 Monarchia macedońska i monarchie hellenistyczne 37 Ewolucja ustroju w Rzymie 38 Rzym w okresie królewskim 38 Ustrój Republiki Rzymskiej 40 Rzym w okresie pryncypatu 48 Rzym w okresie dominatu 53 Część II NA PRZEŁOMIE EPOK Cesarstwo bizantyńskie 59 Państwa germańskie i słowiańskie 62 Państwo Franków i restytucja cesarstwa na Zachodzie Europy 68 Grzegorz Górski Historia ustrojów państw Część III ŚREDNIOWIECZE Problem uniwersalizmu – spór cesarstwa z papiestwem 75 Narodziny i rozwój monarchii stanowych w Europie 80 Ustrój Rzeszy Niemieckiej 86 Ustrój monarchii francuskiej 91 Anglia 97 Ruś i ruskie republiki miejskie 102 Wielkie Księstwo Kijowskie 102 Republika Nowogrodu -
Congressional Record United States Th of America PROCEEDINGS and DEBATES of the 111 CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION
E PL UR UM IB N U U S Congressional Record United States th of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 111 CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION Vol. 155 WASHINGTON, TUESDAY, OCTOBER 13, 2009 No. 147 House of Representatives The House met at 12:30 p.m. and was PRAYER mittee votes on their version of the called to order by the Speaker pro tem- The Chaplain, the Reverend Daniel P. health care takeover, the American pore (Mr. MORAN of Virginia). Coughlin, offered the following prayer: people see business as usual in Wash- ington—more spending, more govern- f Lord God of heaven and Earth, may Your people, especially children, dream ment, and more taxes. The American people are more and DESIGNATION OF SPEAKER PRO great dreams and never become cyn- more shocked with these big govern- TEMPORE ical. May faith be their foundation and ment schemes. They understand that hope the dynamic of their lives. The SPEAKER pro tempore laid be- we need a set of reforms that will not fore the House the following commu- Give government leaders wisdom to hurt small businesses or families nication from the Speaker: accomplish great tasks on behalf of through tax penalties and unintelli- WASHINGTON, DC, Your people. May they provide a peace- gible government mandates. We do not October 13, 2009. ful and stable environment so that need thousands of more pages of regu- I hereby appoint the Honorable JAMES P. family life may flourish in this Nation. lations controlled by a health czar, the MORAN to act as Speaker pro tempore on this Let their good deeds and works of jus- day. -
An Ancient Fort on Mount Oneion
AN ANCIENT FORT ON MOUNT ONEION (PLATES 23-27) N additionto the mighty citadel of Acrocorinthand the Long Walls linking the city to its western port of Lechaion, ancient Corinth possessed another effective barrier to movement through the Isthmos in the long finger of Mount Oneion. Rising to a maximum height of 584 m. above sea-level, the rocky spine of this mountain extends for about seven kilometers on an east-west line which forms the southern boundary of the Corinthian Isthmos.' At its western end it is separated from Acro- corinth by a narrow but level pass which carries the Leukon river, the Peloponnesian railway, and the modern highway to Argos. At its eastern extremity Oneion drops steeply down to the sea and ends in a stubby promontory, the ancient Chersonesos, which marks the northern limit of the bay of Galataki and has at its base the Baths of Helen.2 The ancient port of Kenchreai on the Saronic Gulf lies a little more than a kilometer to the north. At the base of Chersonesos, below the steeply rising rocks of Mount Oneion, passed an important ancient road leading south from the Isthmos into the plain of Galataki, ancient Solygeia, and then to the hinterland of southeastern Corinthia, where the modern villages of Vlasseika, Katakali, and Sophiko are located. In wartime the road became a strategic artery; by following it around Mount Oneion and then turning westward past Solygeia, an invading army could easily make its way into the southern Corinthia, and thence to Argos, unhindered by either the defenses at the western end of Oneion or those of Acrocorinth and the Long Walls to Lechaion. -
Air University Review: July-August 1980, Volume XXXI, No. 5
AIR U N I V E R S I T Y rcuicwJULY-AUGUST 1980 The Professiona/ Journal of the United States Air Force the big battalions mass, accuracy, and the uses (and misuses) ofhistorical aphorisms Professional concern with weapons employment has traditionally centered on qualitative issues: What can the system do? What are the operational constraints? How can it best be employed? Recently, however, concern with the accelerating Soviet arms buildup, manifested in debate over the SALT treaties and the MX program—witness our first two artides—has focused increasingiy on questions of sheer size and gross numbers. The term throw- weight, buried in the obscurity of engineering jargon a few years ago, is now a well- established buzz word, familiar to anyone even remotely interested in national defense. This quantitative emphasis brings to mind an aphorism usually attributed to Napoleon and often repeated in just this context: "God is on the side of the big battalions"; uttered by a master of warfare and sanctified by repetition, that says it all. Or does it? In fact, the saying goes back at least to Marshal de Turenne, whose military career ended a century before Napoleon's began. A presumed divine preference for big battalions makes more sense for Turenne's day, when battalions were the basic tactical tool of commanders and varied enormously in composition and quality, than for the large and relatively homogeneous armies of Napoleon's era. Voltaire, who carne along in the ínterim, repeated the saying on occasion, but with an important caveat: "/f is said that God is on the side of the big battalions." He also said—without qualification—"God is not on the side of the big battalions, but of the best shots." When applied in the context of increasing throw-weights and shrinking CEPs (circular error probable), Voltaire's version makes at least as much sense as the misattributed original. -
Chapter Eight Reducing Social Inequality
1 OWNERSHIP CAUSES SOCIAL INEQUALITY. TO REDUCE SOCIAL INEQUALITY, REDUCE OR DIFFUSE OWNERSHIP AN ANALYSIS WITH PARTICULAR APPLICATION TO THE COPYRIGHT SYSTEM BENEDICT ATKINSON BA (Hons) LLB LLM (Research Hons 1) University of Sydney A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Australian Catholic University 2015 2 TO MY PARENTS Ave atque vale I thank my supervisors Professor Brian Fitzgerald and Dr John Gilchrist for the effort they made on my behalf and their excellent counsel. 3 STATEMENT OF SOURCES/ORIGINAL AUTHORSHIP The work has not been previously submitted to meet requirements for an award at this or any other higher education institution. The work is original and does not reproduce work previously published by me. I cite in some footnotes in the text published works of which I am the author or a joint-author. Citations are specific and complete, and details of the works are also reproduced in the bibliography. To the best of my knowledge and belief, this dissertation does not reproduce material previously published or written by another person except where attribution or reference is made. Signature Date 4 ABSTRACT Humans contest for control or ownership. Contest is to a considerable extent inescapable because conceptually a large part of most grammars involve possession and appropriation. Language creates antithesis (‘mine, yours’) that results in conflict. The result of conflict is possession and dispossession, which results in ownership, which is expressed in property and property systems. This dissertation focuses on the exclusionary effect of property systems. Property confers the power to exclude and the aggregate of legal exclusions, which constitutes a property system, objectively or instrumentally creates social exclusion and thus social inequality. -
The Greek-Persian Wars
Analele UniversităŃii din Craiova. Istorie, Anul XXIII, Nr. 1(33)/2018 CONTENTS STUDIES AND ARTICLES Mădălina Strechie, A “CLASH” OF CIVILIZATIONS IN ANTIQUITY: THE GREEK-PERSIAN WARS .................................................................................................... 7 Iulian Oncescu, TESTIMONIES OF THE ITALIAN TRAVELERS ABOUT THE ROMANIANS IN THE 18 TH CENTURY ........................................................................ 17 Marilena Rizescu, THE STORY OF BENJAMIN PEIXOTTO’S MISSION IN ROMANIA .............................................................................................................................. 27 Skender Lutfiu, Mentor Hasani, ALBANIAN ISSUE AND ITALIAN DIPLOMACY (1920-1924) .................................................................................................... 43 Marusia Cîrstea, GREAT BRITAIN’S INTEREST IN ROMANIAN PETROLEM IN THE INTERWAR YEARS, ACCORDING TO A 1937 REPORT ....................... 55 Mihaela Ilie, THE GAME OF POWER: KING CAROL II AND THE POLITICAL PARTIES AT THE END OF THE YEAR 1937 ............................................................ 77 Victor A. Svetlov, Nikolay M. Sidorov, Anatoly G. Egorov, WORLD WAR II: STRATEGIC ANALYSIS OF THE 1919-1941 DECISIVE EVENTS .................... 87 Laila Akhmetova, THE DEFENSE OF BREST FORTRESS: THE HISTORY OF KAZAKHSTANIS FROM THE 125 TH REGIMENT ................................................... 107 Alexandru Iordache, THE ROMANIAN SPECIAL INTELLIGENCE SERVICE AND ABWEHR – COOPERATION AND SECRET PARTNERSHIP -
Gennadeion Monographs III O
GENNADEION MONOGRAPHS 111 CHAPTERS ON MEDIAEVAL AND RENAISSANCE VISITORS TO GREEK LANDS BY JAMES MORTON PATON EDITED BY L.A.P. THE AMERICAN SCHOOL OF CLASSICAL STUDIES AT ATHENS PRINCETON, NEW JERSEY 1951 Copyright 1951 By the Trustees of the American School of Classical Studies at Athens Published 1951 All Rights Reserved PRINTED IN TBE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA PREFACE FEW words in regard to the contents of this little book are necessary. Its A author, at the time of his death on November 23, 1944, had in preparation an extensive work on the mediaeval history and monuments of Athens, in the manifold sources for which, even after the invaluable studies of Laborde and more recent scholars, he still found a fresh harvest. His researches, carried on principally in the libraries and archives of Paris, Venice, Florence and Rome, were interrupted in 1939 by the European war, and their continuation at the Harvard College Library was somewhat later terminated by his gradually failing health. His work, in spite of its long duration, can scarcely be said to have passed beyond the stage of collecting sources; their synthesis and discussion he had of course postponed until they should have been adequately assembled. He had, however, although Athens remained the center of his interest, almost completed a few sections, forming to a certain extent byways leading from the main path, and he had also prepared the texts of various sources in a form suitable for publi- cation. This material is collected here in the hope that, as he would have desired, it mzy prove of service to future investigators in the same field. -
Anna Comnena the Alexiad
Anna Comnena The Alexiad translated by Elizabeth A. S. Dawes In parentheses Publications Byzantine Series Cambridge, Ontario 2000 PREFACE I. Time in its irresistible and ceaseless flow carries along on its flood all created things, and drowns them in the depths of obscurity, no matter if they be quite unworthy of mention, or most noteworthy and important, and thus, as the tragedian says, Òhe brings from the darkness all things to the birth, and all things born envelops in the night.Ó But the tale of history forms a very strong bulwark against the stream of time, and to some extent checks its irresistible flow, and, of all things done in it, as many as history has taken over, it secures and binds together, and does not allow them to slip away into the abyss of oblivion. Now, I recognized this fact. I, Anna, the daughter of two royal personages, Alexius and Irene, born and bred in the purple. I was not ignorant of letters, for I carried my study of Greek to the highest pitch, and was also not unpractised in rhetoric; I perused the works of Aristotle and the dialogues of Plato carefully, and enriched my mind by the ÒquaternionÓ of learning. (I must let this out and it is not bragging to state what nature and my zeal for learning have given me, and the gifts which God apportioned to me at birth and time has contributed). However, to resumeÑI intend in this writing of mine to recount the deeds done by my father for they should certainly not be lost in silence, or swept away, as it were, on the current of time into the sea of forgetfulness, and I shall recount not only his achievements as Emperor, but also the services he rendered to various Emperors before he himself received the sceptre. -
Solon of Athens: the Man, the Myth, the Tyrant?
University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 2013 Solon of Athens: The Man, the Myth, the Tyrant? Kelcy Shannon Sagstetter University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the Ancient History, Greek and Roman through Late Antiquity Commons Recommended Citation Sagstetter, Kelcy Shannon, "Solon of Athens: The Man, the Myth, the Tyrant?" (2013). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 923. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/923 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/923 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Solon of Athens: The Man, the Myth, the Tyrant? Abstract I argue that, despite Solon's reputation as an enemy of tyranny, his approach to solving the political discord in Athens in 594 B.C. very closely resembles the way that archaic Greek tyrants succeeded at dealing with similar problems in other city-states. Because tyrants were often popular figures with widespread support, I suggest that Solon's anxiety to avoid the label of tyrant stemmed from the political unrest and bloodshed that arose from the attempted tyranny of Cylon in 632 BC, followed by the harsh and unsuccessful legislation of Drakon in 621. In the dissertation, I first establish that there are two traditions about Solon's motives and actions, indicated by many contradictions in our sources. In one version, Solon appears as a moderate politician who paved the way for the rise of democracy, in part because of his refusal to become a tyrant. In the other, Solon's actions were at times indistinguishable from those of contemporary tyrants, which later sources explain by referring to Solon's assertions in his own poetry to "prove" that these stories were false. -
Some Problems in the Athenian Strategia of the Fifth Century B.C
SOME PROBLEMS IN IHE ATHENIAN STRATEGIA OF THE FIFTH CENTURY B.C. by IETER IAN HENNING, B.A. s) Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts UNIVERSITY OF TASMANIA HOBART December 1974. To the best of my knowledge and belief this thesis contains no material which has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma in any university, and contains no copy or paraphrase of material previously published or written by another person except when due reference is made in the text of the thesis. CONTENTS Page •• Abbreviations • • •• iv. Abstract • • •• 1 PART I CHAPTER 1. Ath Pa 22.2 and the Reform of 501/0. 3 CHAPTER 2. Hegemonia and the Command at Marathon 23 CHAPTER 3. Election Procedure 47 PART II CHAPTER 4. The Persian Invasion 480/78 •• 89 CHAPTER 5. Double Representation and the Strategos ex hapanton 113 CHAPTER 6. The Size of the Board .. •• 139 CHAPTER 7. Terminologies in the Sources 180 PART III APPENDIX. 1. List of Generals 211 2. The Strategia - Its Nature and Powers .. .. .. 238 3. Term of Office .. .., 258 4. Possible Double Representations 268 Notes to the Text •• •• 274 Bibliography • • • • •• 339 Abbreviations. I include abbreviations of periodicals and standard reference works in addition to my own special abbreviations of works which have been frequently adverted to in the text and notes. Ant. Class. L'Antiquite classique. AJP American Journal of'Philology. Ath Pal Aristotle, Athenaion Politeia. ATL Meritt, B.D., - Wade - Gery, H.T., - McGregor, , The Athenian Tribute Lists, Cambridge (Mass.), Vol.1, Princeton, vols.