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Common Heritage Совместное Наследие COMMON HERITAGE СОВМЕСТНОЕ НАСЛЕДИЕ The multicultural heritage of Vyborg and its preservation Мультикультурное наследие Выборга и его сохранение COMMON HERITAGE СОВМЕСТНОЕ НАСЛЕДИЕ The multicultural heritage of Vyborg and its preservation Proceedings of the international seminar 13.–14.2.2014 at The Alvar Aalto library in Vyborg Мультикультурное наследие Выборга и его сохранение Труды мeждународного семинара 13.–14.2.2014 в Центральной городской библиотеке А. Аалто, Выборг Table of contents Оглавление Editor Netta Böök FOREWORD .................................................................6 Редактор Нетта Бёэк ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ Graphic design Miina Blot Margaretha Ehrström, Maunu Häyrynen: Te dialogical landscape of Vyborg .....7 Графический дизайн Мийна Блот Маргарета Эрстрëм, Мауну Хяйрюнен: Диалогический ландшафт Выборга Translations Gareth Grifths and Kristina Kölhi / Gekko Design; Boris Sergeyev Переводы Гарет Гриффитс и Кристина Кëлхи / Гекко Дизайн; Борис Сергеев Publishers The Finnish National Committee of ICOMOS (International Council for Monuments and Sites) and OPENING WORDS The Finnish Architecture Society ..........................................................12 Издатели Финляндский национальный комитет ИКОМОС (Международного совета по сохранению ВСТУПИТЕЛЬНЫЕ СЛОВА памятников и достопримечательных мест) и Архитектурное общество Финляндии Maunu Häyrynen: Opening address of the seminar ............................15 Printed in Forssa Print Мауну Хяйрюнен: Вступительное обращение семинара Отпечатано в типографии Forssa Print A message from President of ICOMOS Gustavo Araoz ........................19 2nd edition, Helsinki 2015 Приветствие от Президента ИКОМОС Густаво Араос Второе издание, Хельсинки 2015 A message from President Tarja Halonen. 23 ISBN 978-952-67465-7-9 (sid.) Приветствие от Президента Тарьи Халонен ISBN 978-952-67465-8-6 (PDF) The photographs in the articles are by the authors unless stated otherwise. Если не указаны сведения о фотографе, фотографии сделаны автором текста. THE SHARED HERITAGE OF VYBORG ........................................26 Cover photo Petri Neuvonen (Ulitsa Vodnoy Zastavy, Vesiportinkatu) СОВМЕСТНОЕ НАСЛЕДИЕ ВЫБОРГА Фото на обложке Петри Неувонен (Улица Водной Заставы) Kirsti Kovanen: Shared urban heritage and its conservation .....................29 © Publishers and authors © Издатели и авторы Кирсти Кованен: Совместное градостроительное наследие и его сохранение Natalia Dushkina: Shared heritage: the concept, conficts and conservation The publication has received funding from the Finnish Cultural Foundation. Издание осуществлено при поддержке Культурного Фонда Финляндии. problems ................................................................41 Наталия Душкина: Совместное наследие: концепция, конфликты и The Finnish Architecture Society publication № 4/2014 Информационный бюллетень для членов Архитектурного общества в Финляндии № 4/2014 проблемы сохранения VYBORG’S TEMPORAL LAYERS AND VALUES ................................44 ВРЕМЕННЫЕ СЛОИ И ЦЕННОСТИ ВЫБОРГА Petri Neuvonen: History written in stone .....................................47 Петри Неувонен: История, запечатленная в камне 2 3 Viktor Dmitriyev: New building development in the historic centre of Vyborg Andres Toode: Cooperation in the development of urban space over the last 20 years – fnal results and overall evaluation ...................57 as exemplifed by Narva and Ivangorod ................................... 181 Виктор Дмитриев: Новое строительство в историческом центре Выборга Андрес То оде : Сотрудничество по развитию городского пространства на за последние 20 лет – итоги и общая оценка примере Нарвы и Ивангорода Mikhail Miltchik, Tatyana Pyatnitskaya: Te project for protection zones in Sergey Gorbatenko: Vyborg – а new World Heritage List nomination? ......... 191 Vyborg – strengths and weaknesses ........................................83 Сергей Горбатенко: Выборг – новый номинант Списка всемирного Михаил Мильчик, Татьяна Пятницкaя: Проект зон охраны Выборга – наследия? сильные и слабые стороны Anatoly Kirpichnikov: Te problems of the research, preservation and uses of the monuments of historical Vyborg ...................................... 101 RESULTS OF WORKSHOPS AND CONCLUSIONS OF THE SEMINAR ........... 208 Анатолий Кирпичников: Проблемы изучения, сбережения и РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ СЕКЦИИ И ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЯ СЕМИНАРА использования памятников исторического Выборга Reconstructions, ruins and lost building monuments – what should be done? ... 211 Реконструкции, руины и утраченные архитектурные памятники – что делать? FINLAND – TALLINN – KALININGRAD: Protection and development of cultural heritage sites ......................... 215 EXAMPLES FROM THE NEARBY REGIONS ................................... 130 Охрана и освоение объектов культурного наследия ФИНЛЯНДИЯ – ТАЛЛИН – КАЛИНИНГРАД: Sviatoslav Gaykovich: Comments on the seminar ............................. 223 ПРИМЕРЫ ИЗ РОССИИ И БЛИЖНЕГО ЗАРУБЕЖЬЯ Святослав Гайкович: Комментарии к семинару Stafan Lodenius: Urban conservation and infll building A road map for the preservation of the multicultural heritage of Vyborg ........ 227 – examples from Finland ................................................ 133 Дорожная карта по сохранению мультикультурного наследия Выборга Стаффан Лодениус: Градостроительная консервация и уплотнительная Proposal for cooperation ................................................... 237 застройка – примеры из Финляндии Предложения по сотрудничеству Mark Sepp: Te management planning process for a UNESCO World Heritage Site – the case study of Tallinn Old Town .................. 147 Марк Сепп: Процесс планирования управленческой деятельности для объекта ATTACHMENTS ........................................................... 240 всемирного наследия ЮНЕСКО, на примере Старого города в Таллине ПРИЛОЖЕНИЯ Bert Hoppe: Creating a virtual history – urban planning in Kaliningrad Resolution of the seminar “Te Future of the Historical Vyborg”, 2010 ......... 243 in the postwar Period ................................................... 157 Резолюция семинара «Будущее исторического Выборга», 2010 Берт Хоппе: Создание виртуальной истории – градостроительное Appeals to the Minister of Culture of the Russian Federation and планирование в Калининграде в послевоенный период to the Governor of Leningrad Oblast, 2013 ............................... 247 Обращения к Министру культуры Российской Федерации и Губернатору Ленинградской области, 2013 JOINT VENTURES – COOPERATION ACROSS BORDERS ...................... 172 Decision of ICOMOS St. Petersburg Regional Committee on the problem СОВМЕСТНЫЕ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ – СОТРУДНИЧЕСТВО ПОВЕРХ ГРАНИЦ of preserving the historical centre of Vyborg, 2013 ......................... 255 Maija Kairamo: Te restoration of the Central City Alvar Aalto Library Решение Совета Санкт-Петербургского регионального Комитета in Vyborg .............................................................. 175 ИКОМОС по проблеме сохранения исторического центра Выборга, 2013 Майя Кайрамо: Реставрация Центральной городской библиотеки Programme of the seminar .................................................. 259 Алвара Аалто в Выборге Программа семинара 4 5 The dialogical landscape of Vyborg Margaretha Ehrström, Maunu Häyrynen Диалогический ландшафт Выборга Маргарета Эрстрëм, Мауну Хяйрюнен Borderlands and border cities are their own kind. Tere are numerous cities in the world whose fate and history have placed them at the fringes of diferent spheres of cultural and political infuence. As the latter have ebbed and fowed, the cities have changed sides. Such places are hence ofen known by diferent names in diferent languages: Königsberg / Kaliningrad, Strasbourg / Strassburg, Lviv / Lvov / Lwów / Lemberg / Lemberik, and so forth. Tey develop over the course of their history mul- ticultural layers, facing two or more directions. Teir turbulent pasts are inscribed on their ground, in their walls and statues and in the everyday life of their dwellers. Vyborg – Viipuri – Viborg has over the centuries been something of a cosmopoli- tan crossroads. While it has been fought over and fortifed against attacks from vari- ous cardinal directions, Latin, Swedish, Russian, German and the Finnish dialect of the Western Isthmus could be heard spoken on its streets. Also the buildings and sites, having survived the twists and turns of history, speak several languages. Te identity of a city is an intrigu- ing phenomenon, and which seems not to be wholly erased with the complete change of the population. As Winston Margaretha Ehrström, Chair of The Finnish Churchill once noted, ”First we shape National Committee of ICOMOS Маргарета Эрстрëм, президент Финляндского our buildings, then our buildings shape национального комитета ИКОМОС us”. Vyborg has lef its mark on the for- Maunu Häyrynen, Chair of the Finnish Architec- ture Society mer and present-day inhabitants of the Мауну Хяйрюнен, руководитель Архитектур- city. Its unique history still permeates ного обществa Финляндии. 6 | ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ FOREWORD | 7 Пограничные области и приграничные города отличаются большим своеоб- разием. В мире существуют города, которые волею судьбы и истории суждено было оказаться на стыке различных сфер культурных и политических влияний. По мере попеременного роста и ослабления таких влияний эти города перехо- дили то к одной, то к другой стороне. Такие места часто известны под несколь- кими названиями на различных языках: Кёнигсберг / Калининград, Страсбур / Штрассбург, Львiв / Львов / Львув / Лемберг
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