51236-001: SASEC Third Bangladesh India Electrical Grid Interconnection Project
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Initial Environmental Examination June 2019 Bangladesh: SASEC Third Bangladesh-India Electrical Grid Interconnection Project Prepared by Power Grid Company of Bangladesh Limited, Government of Bangladesh for the Asian Development Bank. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 04 June 2019) Currency unit – taka (Tk) Tk1.00 = $0.012 $1.00 = Tk.84.52 ABBREVIATIONS AC – alternating current ADB – Asian Development Bank AEZ – agro-ecological zone APs – affected persons BBS – Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics BMD – Bangladesh Meteorological Department BtB – Back-to-Back CCTV – closed-circuit television CEGIS – Center for Environmental and Geographic Information Services DC – direct current DoE – Department of Environment DPP – development project proposal ECA – Environment Conservation Act ECC – environmental clearance certificate ECR – environment conservation rules EIA – environmental impact assessment EMF – electromagnetic field EMI – electromagnetic Interference EMoP – environmental monitoring plan EMP – environmental management plan ESMS – environmental and social management system GIS – gas insulated switchgear GoB – Government of Bangladesh GPS – global positioning system GRC – grievance redress committee GRM – grievance redress mechanism HES – health environment and safety HV – high voltage HVDC – high voltage direct current HYV – high yielding variety IA – implementing agency IBA – important bird area ICNIRP – International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection IEC – important environmental component IEE – initial environmental examination IESC – important environmental and social components ISC – important social component IUCN – International Union for the Conservation of Nature JTT – joint technical team KBA – key biodiversity area LGI – local government institutions LV – low voltage MoEF – Ministry of Environment and Forest MP – Murat of Potash MPO – master plan organization NCA – net cultivable area NGO – non-governmental organization NWRD – National Water Resources Database OHL – overhead line OHS – Occupational Health and Safety PAPs – project affected persons PD – project director PDB – Power Development Board PGCB – Power Grid Company of Bangladesh Limited PGCIL – Power Grid Corporation of India Limited PMU – project management unit PPE – personal protective equipment PSMP – power system master plan RoW – right of way RP – resettlement plan SF6 – sulfur hexafluoride SLD – Single Line Diagram SPS – Safeguard Policy Statement TL – transmission line TSP – triple superphosphate UP – Union Parishad WEIGHTS AND MEASURES C – degree celsius cm – centimeter ha – hectare Kg – kilogram km – kilometer (1,000 meters) kV – kilovolt (1,000 volts) kW – kilowatt (1,000 watts) Lakh/lac – 100,000 m – meter mm – millimeter MT – metric ton MW – megawatt GLOSSARY Aman – Group of rice varities grown in the monsoon season and harvested in the post-monsoon season. This is generally transplanted at the beginning of the monsoon from July-August and harvested in November-December. Mostly rain-fed; supplemental irrigation needed in places during dry spell. Ambient Air – Surrounding air Aquatic – Growing or living in or near water Bangla – Bengali language Baseline – The ‘baseline’ essentially comprises the factual understanding and (or existing) interpretation of existing environmental, social and health Conditions conditions of where the business activity is proposed. Understanding the baseline shall also include those trends present within it, and especially how changes could occur regardless of the presence of the Project, i.e. the ‘No-development Option’. Beel – A ‘back swamp’ or depression can be either perennial or seasonal Biological – The variety of life forms, the different plants, animals and Diversity microorganisms, genes they contain and the ecosystems they form. It is usually considered at three levels: genetic diversity, species diversity and ecological diversity Boro – A group of rice varieties sown and transplanted in winter and harvested at the end of the pre-monsoon season. These are mostly HYV and fully irrigated, planted in December-January and harvested before the onset of the monsoon in April- May. Fauna – Process in which wind and water removes materials from their original place; for instance, soil washed away from an agricultural field Flora – All of the plants found in a given area Habitat – The natural home or environment for a plant or animal Important – These are environmental components of biophysical or Environmental socioeconomic importance to one or more interested parties. The Component use of important environmental components helps to focus the environmental assessment Khal – Small channel, canal Kharif – Pre-monsoon and monsoon growing season. Cropping season linked to the monsoon between March-October, often divided into kharif-1(March-June) and kharif-2(July-October). Kharif-I – Name of cropping season that covers pre-monsoon periods; i.e., March to June. Kharif-II – Name of cropping season that covers monsoon period; i.e., July to October. Mouza – A Bangla word for the smallest government administrative area corresponding to village revenue unit Public – Those who may be potentially affected by a proposal, e.g. local Consultation people, the proponent, government agencies, NGOs, donors and Stakeholders others, all parties who may be affected by the Project or to take an interest in it Rabi – Dry agricultural crop growing season; mainly used for the cool winter season between November and February. Taka – Unit of Bangladeshi currency Terrestrial – Living on land Thana – Sub-district level of government administration, comprising several unions under district Union – Smallest unit of local self-government comprising several villages Upazila – Sub-district name. Upazila introduced in 1982 Zila – Bengali word for district NOTE In this report, "$" refers to United States dollars. This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section on ADB’s website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary…… ………………………………………………………………………………... i 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background ................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Objectives of the Initial Environmental Examination .................................................... 3 1.3 Study Area .................................................................................................................... 3 1.4 Scope of Work............................................................................................................... 8 1.5 Methodology .................................................................................................................. 8 1.6 Secondary Data Collection ........................................................................................... 8 1.7 Primary Data Collection ................................................................................................ 9 1.8 Structure of the Report .................................................................................................. 9 2 Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework ......................................................................... 10 2.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................... 10 2.2 Procedure for Obtaining Site/Environmental Clearance ............................................ 10 2.3 Organization Related with Enforcement of Environmental Standards ....................... 11 2.4 National Legislation Relevant to Environment ............................................................ 12 2.5 Policy Related with Energy Development ................................................................... 15 2.6 Compliance with International Requirements ............................................................. 16 2.7 Compliance with ADB Safeguard Policy Statement, 2009 ......................................... 18 2.8 Compliance with PGCB Health Environment and Safety Requirements ................... 20 2.9 Comparison of Environmental Safeguard Principles between ADB and Bangladesh 20 3 Description of the Project ....................................................................................................... 24 3.1 Rationale ..................................................................................................................... 24 3.2 Project Components ................................................................................................... 24 3.3 Project Location .......................................................................................................... 24 3.4 Detailed Project Description ....................................................................................... 29 3.5 Components of Construction Works ........................................................................... 36 3.6 Project Related Documentation,