Anhang 1 Achsbildverzeichnisse Und Stamrnbaume Zur Achsbildentwicklung

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Anhang 1 Achsbildverzeichnisse Und Stamrnbaume Zur Achsbildentwicklung Anhang 1 Achsbildverzeichnisse und Stamrnbaume zur Achsbildentwicklung Achsbild Fahrtrichtung USA-Kurz- Typennamen (nicht zu verwechseln mit Class) ... bezeichnung 00 2-2-0 Planet (Old Ironside) 00 0 2-2-2 Single (Jenny Lind, Buddicom, Clapeyron) 000 4-2-0 Crampton/ Pionier 0000 4-2-2 Single/bicycle 0 0 0-4-0 4-Wheel switcher/4 Coupler (Stourbridge Lion) 00 0 2-4-0 4 coupled (Joh n Bull) 00 0 0 2-4-2 Columbia (Orleans) 000 0 4-4-0 American (American Standar d), Eight Wheeler 000 00 4--4-2 Atlantic 000 000 4-4-4 Reading/ Jubilee/Doub le Ender 000 Q.-6-O 6-Wheel switcher/ 6-Coupler (in Engla nd Royal George) 00 0 0 2-6-0 Mogul 00 0 00 2-6-2 Prairie 00 0 000 2-6-4 Adriatic (in den USA nicht verwende t) 000 0 0 4-6-0 Ten Wheel (Ten Wheeler) 000 0 00 4-6-2 Pacific 000 0 000 4-6-4 Hudson/B altic (Baltique 1911 CFN) 000 0 0 000 4--6-6T Suburban (Tendermaschine) 0000 0-8-0 8-Wheel switcher/8-Coupler 00 0 0 0 2- 8- 0 Consolida tion 00 0 0 00 2-8- 2 Mikado (Mike) / McArthur 00 0 0 0 00 2-8-4 Berkshire/Kanawha (C&O) 000 0 0 0 4-8-0 12 Wheeler (Mastadon) 000 0 0 00 4-8-2 Mountain/Mohawk (NYC)/ Supe r Pacific 000 0 0 000 4-8-4 Nort hern /Niagara/Confederation/ Pocono/Greenbrier / Ge neral Service / Dixie/ Wyoming 0000 0 0 0000 6-8-6 Steam turbine (Penn) 00000 0-10-0 10 Wheel switcherllOCoupler 00 0 0 0 0 2- 10-0 Decapod 000000 0-10-2 Unio n 00 0 0 0 00 2- 10-2 Santa Fe / Lorraine/Mountaineer 00 0 0 0 0 00 2- 10-4 Texas/ Selkirk 000 0 0 0 0 4-1 0-0 Gobernador (in den USA hochst selten)/Mastadon (?) 265 Achsbild Fahrtrichtung USA-Kurz­ Typennamen OIl bezeichnung 00000000 4-10-2 Overland/Sierra/Super Mountain/Southern Pacific 000000 0-12-0 Twelve Wheel switcher/12 Coupler 000000000 4-12-2 Union Pacific (Nines) 00000000000 4-14-4 Soviet (in den USA nicht verwendet) Mallet-Maschinen (articulated Locs) 000000 0-6-6-0 Schublok (B&O) 0000000 2-6-6-0 00000000 2-6-6-2 000000000 2-6--6-4 0000000000 2-6--6--6 Allegheny 00000000 4-4-6-2 Santa Fe-Mallet (unsymmetrische Achsfolge) 000000000 4-6-6-2 SP cab ahead 0000000000 4-6-6--4 Challenger (Schnellfahr-Mallet) 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 2-6--8-0 Great Northern-Mallet (unsymmetrische Achsfolge) 00000000 0-8-8-0 Schublok (Erie) 000000000 2-8-8-0 0000000000 2-8-8-2 00000000000 2-8-8--4 Yellowstone 000000 00000 4-8-8-2 SP-cab ahead (umgekehrte Yellowstone) 000000000000 4-8-8--4 Big Boy (Schnellfahr-Mallet) 000000000000 2-10-10-2 Virginian 00000000000000 2-8-8-8-2 T Triplex auch Triple Articulated (Erie) 000000000000000 2-8-8-8--4 T Triplex auch Triple Articulated (Virginian) Einrahmenloks mit 4 Zyl. resp. Turbinenantrieb (nonarticulated Locs) 00000000 4-4--4--4 Penn 5500/B&O Emerson 0000000000 6-4-4-6 Penn 6100 000 0 0 0000 4-6--4--4 Penn 6130 000000000 4--4-6--4 Penn 6131 0000000000 6-8-6 Penn 6200 (Turbine) 266 Stamm baum der Loks mit 2 Triebachsen mit direkten Ubergan­ oo@@@oo gen zur 3-Triebachsbauart. Eingeklammertes Achsbild wurde in den USA ubersprungen. Die symmetrische Bauweise war erst mit 3 Triebachsen erfolgreich. Die linke Seite bot viel gebaute Achs­ t bildcr. OO@@OO Ir----t------,I OO@j@o_oo@ro t (0 Of 00) oo@@@ .. oo@@ 0000 t__t_-----, I I 0000 _..t----------000 000 --- Fahrrichtung 00 Stammbaum der USA-Loks mit 3 Triebachsen mit direkt cn Ub er­ gangen zur 4-Triebachsbauart. Eingeklamm ertes Achsbild wurd e in den USA ubersprungen. oo@@@@oo t oo@@@oo I.---t---I oo@@@@o- oo@@@o (000000) --0000000 1__1__' 000000-- 00 @@@ 0 @@@ 0 t '__I 0000 I-----Jt --- Fahrrichtung 000 267 ooo@@@@ooo t oo@@@@oo t I----, oooooooo_oo@@r@o I OOOjOOOO-oOOOOOoo 0000000· 000000 000000-------.. 0000000 t__t__, 00000 ---000000 r-----t l --- Fahrrichtung 0000 Stammbaum der USA-Loks mit 4 Triebachsen und direkten Ubergangen zur 5-Triebachsba uart. Die Endstufe 6-8-6 wurde nicht mit Kolb enm aschinen erreicht, sonde rn mit einer Turbinen­ 10k. Stammba um der USA-Loks mit 5 Triebachsen mit direktem Nines Uberga ng zur 6-Triebachsbauart durch Uberspringen der symme­ trischen Bauweise mit 5 Tri ebachsen und 2 Drehgestellen (Achs­ 000000000 bild, da in den USA ub ersprun gen, eingeklammert). t (000000000) Ir------t---I 00 @@@@@ 0 00000000 1 I I 0000000 0000000 t__t_-. I --Fahrrichtung 00000 268 Die Achsbildreihe 4-X-2 als entwicklungsfiihigstes Traktionsmittel der amerikanischen Eisenbahnen zur Dampflokzeit. 00000 Atlantic 1894/95 , 1896 4-4-2 008080 Pacific 1886,1889 4-6-2 00 0 0 0 Mountain/Mohawk 1911 4-8-2 00000000 Overland 1925 4-10-2 000000000 Union Pacific 1926 4-12-2 Diese Achsbildreihe der USA-Dampfloks hat mit der Pacific ange­ fangen und mit der (UP>4-12-2 aufgehort (in Russland ging man bis zum 4-14--4-Achsbild); dies im Zeitraum von 1886/1889 bis 1926, also innerhalb 40 Jahre. Interessant ist, dass die Pacific und nicht die Atlantic den Anfang machte. Dass in Russland die Ent­ wicklung versuchsweise noch einen Schritt weiter ging, narnlich zur 4-14--4. kommt daher, dass dort die Mallet -Maschine nicht zu jener uberragenden Bedeutung gelangte wie in den USA, so dass dort die Einrahmenmaschine vermehrt Mallet-Aufgaben uberneh­ men musste . Wesentliche Tatsache der 4-X-2-Achsbildreihe war die gute Laufeigenschaft auch bei hoheren Geschwindigkeiten, wobei das Vcrhaltnis zwischen Maschinengewicht und Reibungs­ gewicht bei den hoheren Triebachszahlen noch relativ gimstig war.jedenfalls gunstiger als beim Achsbild 4-X--4. Zur Hauptsache dienten die 4-X-2-Loks dem mittel schweren bis schweren Perso­ nenverkehr, insbesondere dem schweren Schnellzugsverkehr, aber auch dem Eilguterverkehr, speziell die 4-12-2-Loks. Man kann deshalb nicht sagen, das Achsbild 4-X-2 habe sich nur fur Ex­ pressmaschinen geeignet. Dies lasst sich nur fur das Achsbild 4-6-4 feststellen , denn die Hudsons waren in den USA eindeutig Schnellaufer fur grosse Expresslinien, oft vor illustren Zugen . Die Northern mit dem Achsbild 4-8--4 dagegen eigneten sich auch fur den Eilguterzugsdienst, Dann besassen sie in der Regel einen Triebrad- 0 < 1830 mm. Eine interessante Arbeit tiber die Entwicklung der europai­ schen Pacific enthalt das Jahrbuch des Eisenbahnwesens 1958, Stammbaum der - 6-6-Mallet-Loks (USA) . Die 0-6-6-O-Maschine Seiten 116-131 (E. Born: Die 2/CI'-Lokomotive). eroffnete die Zeit der Mallet-Maschinen in den USA (1903/04) . 1m Gegensatz zu Europa wurden in den USA keine 0--4--4-0oder Challenger 2-4-4-0-Typen gebaut. 000000000 :0000,0000: 000000000-0000000000 Allegheny 00 000000-- a 000 000 a 0000000 • I ·0000000 000000 Schublok ---Fahrrichtung 269 Stammbaum der - 8- 8-Mallet-Loks (USA) mit Ubergang zur Virginian - IO- IO-Bauweise, die noch vor der 4-8- 8-4-Lok (Big Boy) verwirk­ licht wurden. o OOOOOtOOOOO 0 000000 000000 ~oy Big I 00000000000 • .. • 00000000000 Yellowstone 0000000000 000000000 -------\ 00000000---0000 0000 Schublok .. Fahrrichtung 270 Anhang 2 Die amerikanischen Eisenbahngesellschaften (Tabellen und Handelsmarken) Fur den Aussenste henden gab es zur Dampfl okzeit und gibt es Pacific» . Derart iges gehort einfach zum Erscheinungsbild amerika­ heut e noch so viele amerikanische Bahn gesellschaften, dass eine nischer Bahn en, und zwar nicht nur bei kleinen Gesellschaften mit Ubersicht nur muh sarn zu erreichen ist. Es soli darum das hier Vor­ weit auseinanderliegenden Netzen. In diesem Zusammenhang sei getragen e mindestens listenmassig (Abkurzung und voller Name) auch auf die Grundung von Auffanggesellschaften fur dem Kon­ festgehalten werden, damit der Einsatzort der behandelten Loks kurs nahestehend e Bahnen verwiesen. Diese manchmal unlauteren einigerm assen eruiert werden kann . Es gab aber nicht nur unuber­ Machenschaften erfolgten dann , wenn eine Gesellschaft die ande re sehbar viele Gesellschaften, sondern auch standige Namenswech­ im "gunstigen" Moment aufk aufen wollte. sel. Jede Erweiterung oder Sanierung (Konkurs, Reorganisation Man konnte sich auch daraufbeschranken, nur die 'Class !' -Ge­ etc.) verpflicht ete zu einer Erganzung im Namen, resp. zu einem sellschaften anzufuhren und die anderen beiseite zu lassen. Dabei neuen Nam en, auch wenn oft nur das Wort 'Railway' in 'Railroad' ist zu bedenken, dass es im Jahre 1950 immerhin rund 125 'Class­ oder umgekehrt gewechselt wurde. Man kann erstaunliche Merk­ I' -Ge sellschaften gegeben hat, d.h. 125 Bahngesellschaften, die wurdigkeiten bei der Namengebung feststellen, z.B. dass 2 Gesell­ tiber I Mio Dollar Jahresumsatz aufwiesen, wobei sich erst noch schaften, die miteinander nie etwas zu tun hatten, den gleichen Na­ unt er einem Na men (Gruppennamen) oft mehrere 'Class-I'-Gesell­ men besassen. So wurde z.B. anno 1856 die <Tex as Western >in schaften verbargen. Daneben gab es aber kleinere Gesellschaften , <Southern Pacific RR Comp.: umbenannt. Dies hinderte die <Cen­ die ebenso interessante Loks besassen oder sonstwie technisch er­ tral Pacific RR Compo ofCalifornia>1884 nicht daran, sich ebenfalls wahnenswerte Leistungen vollbrachten. Die Auswahl der behan­ in <Southern Pacific Comp. : umzubenenn en. Recht kurios wirkt so­ delten Typen ist also weit inte ressanter, wenn nicht nach dieser von dann der Na me <Ak ron, Canton & Youngstown> fur eine Gesell­ der 'Interstate Commerce Commission' (ICC) getroffenen Auswahl schaft im Staate Ohio, die weder Canton noch Youn gstown mit den ausgegangen wird. Die Namen der 125 Gese llschaften, die von der Schienen erreichte.
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