About the Contributors

Home , Graciliano Ramos, Olavo Bilac, Paulo Freire

Manoa, Volume 30, Number 2, 2018, pp. 196-202 (Article)

Published by University of Hawai'i Press DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/man.2018.0172

For additional information about this article https://muse.jhu.edu/article/716173

[ This content has been declared free to read by the pubisher during the COVID-19 pandemic. ] About the Contributors

Caio Fernando Abreu (1948–1996) was an award-winning journalist, writer, and dra- matist born in Rio Grande do Sul. His nearly two dozen novels, short stories, plays, and memoirs—including Onde andará Dulce Veiga? (Whatever Happened to Dulce Veiga?)— have been translated into numerous languages. Openly gay, he was persecuted by Brazil’s military dictatorship, and as a result, he left the country. After a year of self-exile in Europe, he returned to Brazil; he died of AIDS in Porto Alegre at the age of forty-seven. Jennifer Alexander is a translator and interpreter from Scotland. She studied Modern Languages and EU Studies at the University of Edinburgh. She translates from Portu- guese and Danish, particularly literary and creative work, but also work concerning health and business. She holds a Chartered Institute of Linguists Diploma in Translation in Brazilian Portuguese. João Alphonsus (1901–1944) was the son of Alphonsus de Guimarãens, one of Brazil’s leading poets, and the nephew of the distinguished novelist Bernardo Guimarãens. His first volume of short fiction,Galinha cega, appeared in 1931. In 1934, his novel Totônio Pacheco received the Machado de Assis Award, and in 1938, his novel Rola-Moça won the Brazilian Academy of Letters Prize. Flávio de Araújo was born in 1975 to a family of caiçara fishermen in Paraty. His first collection of poetry, Zangareio, was published in 2008, and his second, Vermelho guelra [Red gills], in 2018. His first novel,O insustentável equilíbrio das perdas [The unsustain- able balance of losses], is forthcoming. He has also participated in and helped organize the Paraty International Literary Festival and has served as an editor of Jornal de poesia. Carlito Azevedo was born in Rio de Janeiro in 1961. A poet, translator, and editor, he is the author of Sublunar (2001), Monodrama (2015), and Livro das postagens [Book of posts] (2016). His first collection of poetry, Collapsus linguae [Collapsed languages] (1991), was awarded the Jabuti Poetry Prize. He cofounded and edited the contemporary poetry journal Inimigo rumor [Hostile rumor] and has translated into Portuguese the writing of Max Jacob, Henri Michaux, René Char, Jean Follain, and other poets. Bruna Beber was born in Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro, in 1984, and now lives in São Paulo. Her first book, A fla sem fm dos demônios descontentes [The endless queue of disgruntled demons], was published in 2006. Her other books include Rua da padaria [Bakery street] (2013) and Ladainha [Litany] (2017).

196 Eric M. B. Becker is a literary translator, journalist, and editor of Words Without Borders. In 2014, he was awarded a PEN/Heim Translation Fund Grant, and in 2016 received a Fulbright grant to translate Brazilian fiction. In2016 , he coedited the anthology Glos- solalia: Women Writing Brazil. Becker has translated work by Lygia Fagundes Telles, Noemi Jaffe, Elvira Vigna, and other writers. Rahul Bery translates from Spanish and Portuguese and is the British Library’s current translator-in-residence. His translations of such authors as Álvaro Enrigue, Daniel Galera, Guadalupe Nettel, and Enrique Vila-Matas have appeared in Granta and other journals. His translation of Ricard Ruiz Garzón’s La inmortal [The immortal] was shortlisted for the 2018 edition of Booktrust’s In Other Words. David Brookshaw has published widely in the field of Brazilian and Lusophone post- colonial studies. He has also translated the work of authors Paulina Chiziane, Mia Couto, Paulo Freire, and José Rodrigues Miguéis. Confession of the Lioness, his translation of Couto’s novel A confssão da leoa, was shortlisted for the 2017 International Dublin Literary Award. His most recent translation, Woman of the Ashes, is of Couto’s Mulheres de cinza. He is a professor emeritus at the University of Bristol, England. Eliane Brum was born in 1966 and is a prominent writer, journalist, and documentary filmmaker. She was a reporter for the newspaper Zero Hora, in Porto Alegre, and for the magazine Época, in São Paulo. She has published five nonfiction books and a novel, and has written and directed four documentary films. She received the2007 Jabuti Award for Reporting, and a 2008 United Nations Special Press trophy. Steven Byrd is director of the Latin American Studies minor at the University of New England. He earned a doctorate in Iberian and Latin American linguistics from the University of Texas at Austin and has expertise in Spanish and Portuguese language and linguistics, Afro-Brazilian speech, and Brazilian civic engagement and citizenship. His books include Calunga and the Legacy of an African Language in Brazil (2012). Fabiano Calixto was born in 1973 in Pernambuco and now lives in São Paulo. His eight books of poetry include A canção do vendedor de pipocas (2013), Nominata morfna (2014), and Equitorial (2014); his edited publications include the Internet collection V de Vinagre. He holds a doctorate in literary theory and comparative literature from the Universidade de São Paulo and has translated the Dominican poet Leon Felix Batista (in collaboration with Claudio Daniel) for Prosa do Que Está na Esfera, as well as Jim Morrison, Allen Ginsberg, John Lennon, Roberto Bolaño, and Laurie Anderson. He maintains the blog Meu Pé de Laranja Mecânica. Marcílio França Castro was born in Belo Horizonte in 1967. His first book,A casa dos outros [The house of the others] (2009), won the 2010 Brazilian Union of Writers Award. His second book of short fiction,Breve cartografa de lugares sem nenhum interesse [Brief cartography of places of no interest] (2011), won the 2012 Clarice Lispector Award from the Brazilian National Library Foundation.

Katrina Dodson holds a doctorate in comparative literature from the University of California, Berkeley, and is a writer and translator. Her writing has appeared in The

About the Contributors 197 Believer, McSweeney’s, and The Millions. Her translation of Clarice Lispector’s short fiction,The Complete Stories, won the 2016 PEN Translation Prize, among other awards. She is adapting for publication the journal she kept while working on Stories and is translating the Brazilian modernist classic Macunaíma (1928) by Mário de Andrade. Anthony Doyle holds a degree in English and philosophy from University College Dublin. Since 2000, he has lived in Brazil, where he works as a translator from Portu- guese to English. He has translated books by Luiz Ruffato, winner of the Brazilian National Library’s Machado de Assis Award, and Luiz Eduardo Soares. Doyle has also worked in Brazil’s film industry, translating screenplays and subtitles. Ruth Ducaso is one of the three pseudonyms under which Luciany Aparecida writes. She was born in 1982 in Vale do Jiquiriçá, Bahia, and holds a doctorate in literature. Her books include Contos ordinários de melancholia [Ordinary tales of melancholy] (2017) and Auto-retrato [Self-portrait] (2018). She has received grants from the Brazilian National Library Foundation, FUNARTE, and the Bahia State Cultural Foundation. In 2015, she was a writer-in-residence at the Sacatar Institute. Alison Entrekin is an Australian literary translator. Her translations include Budapest (2005) by Chico Buarque, City of God by Paulo Lins (2006), Near to the Wild Heart by Clarice Lispector (2012), The Eternal Sonby Cristovão Tezza (2013), and Blood- Drenched Beard by Daniel Galera (2016). She is translating Grande Sertão: Veredas, the twentieth-century Brazilian classic by João Guimarães Rosa. Her work has been shortlisted for a number of awards, and she is a three-time finalist for the New South Wales Premier’s Translation Prize and PEN Medallion. Conceição Evaristo was born south of Belo Horizonte in 1946 to a poor family with nine sons; she later moved to Rio de Janeiro and studied at the Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro. In the 1990s she began publishing in Cadernos negros, a series from the Quilombhoje writers group. She published two novels: Ponciá Vicêncio in 2003, and Becos da memória [Alleys of memory] in 2006. Her recent books include Insubmissas lágrimas de mulheres [The insubordinate tears of women] (2016) and Histórias de leves enganos e parecenças [Tales of minor deceptions and appearances] (2016). In 2018, she received the Literature Award from the Government of Minas Gerais. Jacques Fux was born in Belo Horizonte in 1977. He has degrees in mathematics and computer science and doctorates in comparative literature from the Universidade Fed- eral de Minas Gerais and in French language, literature, and civilization from Université de Lille. Antiterapias, his first novel, won the ãS o Paulo Prize for Literature in 2013. His other books include Brochadas: Confssões sexuais de um jovem escritor [Brochadas: Sexual confessions of a young writer], Meshugá: Um romance sobre a locura [Meshugá: A novel about madness], and Nobel. Lucy Greaves translates from Spanish, Portuguese, and French. She won the Harvill Secker Young Translator’s Prize in 2013 and was translator-in-residence at the Free Word Centre in London in 2014. Her work has appeared in Granta and the White Review. Death Going Down, her translation of María Angélica Bosco’s novel, was published in 2017. She lives in Bristol, England.

198 Mānoa n Becoming Brazil Milton Hatoum was born in Manaus, Amazonas, in 1952 and studied architecture at the Universidade de São Paulo. His debut novel, Relato de um certo Oriente (Tale of a Certain Orient), was published in 1989 and won the Jabuti Prize. His second novel, Os irmãos (The Brothers), was published in 2000 and has been translated into a dozen languages and adapted for television and stage. His other works include the 2005 novel Cinzas do norte (Ashes of the Amazon), which won the Jabuti Prize, the Bravo! Award, and the Portugal Telecom Prize; the 2008 novel Orfãos do Eldorado (Orphans of Eldo- rado), which was adapted for the screen; and the 2009 short-story collection A cidade ilhada [The island city]. He is a columnist forO Estado de S. Paulo and O Globo news- papers. In 2017 he was nominated Officier de L’Ordre des Arts et des Lettres. Catherine V. Howard earned a doctorate in cultural anthropology from the University of Chicago and is fluent in Portuguese and Waiwai, which she learned while completing fieldwork. Among her translations isFrom the Enemy’s Point of View: Humanity and Divinity in an Amazonian Society, a book by Eduardo Viveiros de Castro about the indigenous Araweté people. Lêdo Ivo (1924–2012) was born in Maceió, Alagoas, and was a celebrated journalist, poet, novelist, and essayist. A member of the Brazilian Academy of Letters, he received such awards as the Olavo Bilac Prize, Casimiro de Abreu Award, Luísa Cláudio de Sousa Prize, and Mário de Andrade Prize; he was also given the title of Doctor Honoris Causa by the Universidade Federal de Alagoas. In 2004, he was awarded the Gold Dolphin Prize of the Government of the State of Rio de Janeiro for his work as a whole. Sarah Rebecca Kersley is a poet, translator, editor, and bookseller in Salvador da Bahia. She was born in the UK in 1976 and has a master’s degree from the University of Glasgow. In Bahia, she co-founded Livraria Boto-cor-de-rosa, a bookshop and small press dedicated to contemporary literature. Her translations have appeared in Two Lines: World Writing in Translation, The Critical Flame, Flaneur Magazine, and Asymptote. Her poems written in Portuguese have appeared in O Globo, Revista Oblique, and elsewhere. Her poetry collection Tipografa oceânica [Oceanic typography] was published in 2017. Henrique Yuichi Komatsu was born in 1982 in Pereira Barreto to a Japanese immigrant family. After receiving a degree in philosophy from the Universidade Federal de Paraná, he taught English in Rio de Janeiro. He then studied law at the Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul and passed the bar exam in 2016. He has independently published two novels, a collection of short stories, and two children’s books: A menina que viu Deus (The girl who saw God) and Gangorra (Seesaw). Luis S. Krausz was born in São Paulo in 1961 to an émigré Jewish family who fled Vienna in the 1920s. He studied at the Jewish Theological Seminary of America and at Columbia University, and holds a doctorate in modern Jewish literature from the Universidade de São Paulo. His works include Desterro: memórias em ruínas [Exile: memories in ruins] (2011); Deserto [Desert] (2013), which won the Benvirá Literature Prize; Bazar Paraná (2015); Outro lugar [Somewhere else], which won the 2016 Com- panhia Editora de Pernambuco National Literature Prize; and O livro da imitação e do esquecimento [The book of imitation and forgetfulness] 2018)( .

About the Contributors 199 Alexis Levitin translates works from Portugal, Brazil, and Ecuador. His translations include Soulstorm by Clarice Lispector and Forbidden Words by Eugenio de Andrade. He has received fellowships from the National Endowment for the Arts, the National Endowment for the Humanities, the Fulbright Commission, and other organizations. Nelson Maca was born in Telêmaco Borba, Paraná, in 1967 and moved to Salvador to study at the Universidade Federal da Bahia. A performance poet and activist, he founded the collective Blackitude: Vozes Negras da Bahia [Black voices of Bahia]. His performative work combines music, theater, and such spoken-word forms as rap and slam poetry. His first book of poetry,Gramática da ira [Grammar of rage], was published in 2015. His latest book is Relatos da guerra preta [Reports from the black war].

Salgado Maranhão (pseudonym of José Salgado Santos) was born in Caxias in 1953. A poet, lyricist, and journalist, he is the author of Sol sangüíneo (Blood of the Sun), A pelagem da tigra (Tiger Fur), A cor da palavra [The color of the word], and most recently Sagração dos lobos [The consecration of wolves]. A major figure in Afro-Brazilian literature, he has received every major literary award in Brazil, including the 1998 Ribeiro Couto Prize from the Brazilian Union of Writers for O beijo da fera [The kiss of the beast], the 1999 Jabuti Prize for Mural de ventos [Wind mural], and the Brazilian PEN Club Prize for O mapa da tribo [The map of the tribe]. In 2011 he received the Machado de Assis Poetry Award from the Brazilian Academy of Letters, and in 2017 an honorary doctorate from the Universidade Federal de Piauí. Victor Meadowcroft grew up in Portugal and has a master’s degree in literary translation from the University of East Anglia. With Margaret Jull Costa, he translated stories by the prominent Portuguese author Agustina Bessa-Luís that appeared in the collection Take Six: Six Portuguese Women Writers, and chapters from the novel Capão pecado by São Paulo writer Ferréz (Reginaldo Ferreira da Silva) for Kathleen McCaul’s Megacity Fictions project. Meadowcroft is currently collaborating onLisbon Tales, an anthology of Portuguese fiction set in Lisbon, with translator Amanda Hopkinson. Alan Minas was born in Rio de Janeiro in 1969. He is a director and screenwriter whose 2015 debut feature film, A família Dionti, won several awards both in Brazil and abroad. His works include A língua das coisas [The language of things] (2010); the documentary A morte inventada—alienação parental [The invented death—parental alienation] (2009), which he adapted into a book in 2014; and the short film Homens ao mar [Men overboard] (2006). He also published a work of children’s fiction, Quando Ju escapou pra dentro [When Ju fled inside] 2016)( . Rachel Morgenstern-Clarren is an American poet and translator. Her honors include a Fulbright fellowship to Brazil and a Hopwood Award. Her recent work appears in Ploughshares, Words Without Borders, Bellevue Literary Review, and Ninth Letter. She holds an MFA in poetry and literary translation from Columbia University and is the consulate editor for Joyland Magazine.

Marcelo Rubens Paiva was born in 1959. A playwright, journalist, and columnist for O Estado de S. Paulo newspaper, he has published over a dozen books. His works include the autobiographical books Feliz ano velho [Happy old year] (1982), a bestseller that

200 Mānoa n Becoming Brazil won the Jabuti Prize, and Ainda estou aqui [I’m still here] (2015). His novels include Blecaute [Blackout] (1986), Ua: brari (1990), Malu de bicicleta [Malu on a bike] (2004), and A segunda vez que te conheci [The second time I met you] 2008( ). José Luiz Passos was born in a sugar plantation town in rural Pernambuco in 1971. His books include Ruínas de linhas puras [Ruins of pure lines] (1998), Romance com pes- sonas [Novels of personhood] (2008), O marechal de costas [The iron marshal] 2016( ), and Antologia fantástica da República brasileira [A fantastic anthology of the Brazilian Republic] (2017). He is a professor of Portuguese and Brazilian literatures and cultures at the University of California, Los Angeles, where he served as inaugural director of the Center for Brazilian Studies.

Noah Perales-Estoesta is the development and digital projects specialist for the Univer- sity of Hawai‘i Press and serves as Mānoa’s associate editor. He began working for the journal in 2013 and graduated from the University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa in spring 2015 with degrees in English and Spanish. Recipient of a Fulbright teaching assistantship, he lived and worked in Brazil for most of 2016. Zoë Perry is a Canadian American translator based in London. In 2015 she was translator-in-residence at the Paraty International Literary Festival and was awarded a PEN/ Heim grant for her translation of Veronica Stigger’s novel Opisanie świata. Her work has appeared in Granta, Words Without Borders, and the Washington Review. She is a founding member of the London-based translators’ collective The Starling Bureau and blogs about Portuguese-language books at Gringa Reads. Antonio Prata was born in São Paulo in 1977 and is the author of a dozen books, including Meio intelectual, meio de esquerda [A little intellectual, a little to the left] (2010), which won the Brasília Literature Award. His children’s books include Felizes quase sempre [Almost always happy] (2013), which was a finalist for the Jabuti Award in the children’s literature category; Trinta e poucos [Thirty-something] 2016( ); Jacaré, não! [Alligator, no!] (2016), and Nu, de botas [Nude, in boots] (2013). Graciliano Ramos (1892–1953) was born in the northeast state of Alagoas. In 1929, while he served as mayor of a small town, his dryly humorous annual reports caught the attention of an official with publishing connections. Ramos’s first novel,Caetes , was consequently published in 1933, followed by four other novels, of whichVidas secas is the best known. His other works include two books of short stories, four memoirs, three books of children’s literature, and translations into Portuguese of Booker T. Washington and Albert Camus. Ramos was arrested and imprisoned in 1935 for being a Communist and participating in the military-backed uprising against the government of Getúlio Vargas, and recounted this experience in a prison memoir. In 1945, he joined the Brazilian Communist Party and visited Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union. Flávia Rocha was born in 1979. She has published three books of poetry: A casa azul ao meio-dia [The blue house at noon] (2005), Quartos habitáveis [Habitable rooms] (2011), and Um país [One country] (2015). She has contributed to a number of Brazil- ian magazines, including Casa Vogue, República, and Bravo! and for thirteen years was an editor of Rattapallax magazine. With her husband, she cofounded the Academia

About the Contributors 201 Internacional de Cinema, a film school in ãS o Paulo. She coauthored the script for the feature filmBirds of Neptune, which won an award as best dramatic feature at the 2015 Arizona International Film Festival. João Guimarães Rosa (1908–1967) is regarded as one of Brazil’s greatest writers. Born in Cordisburgo, Minas Gerais, he worked as a doctor and, in 1938, as a diplomat for the Brazilian government in Hamburg, Germany. In 1942, he was arrested for forging passports for Jews fleeing the Nazis, and was later freed in exchange for the release of German diplomats. He was honored for this humanitarian work by the state of Israel. He wrote poetry and fiction, and his highly innovative1956 novel, Grande Sertão: Veredas, is considered a masterpiece of Brazilian and world literature. Murilo Rubião (1916–1991) was born in Carmo de Minas. He published his first collection of short stories, O ex-mágico [The ex-magician], in1947 . His other collections of fiction include A estrela vermelha [The red star] (1953), Os dragões e outros contos [The dragons and other tales] (1965), O pirotécnico Zacarias [The pyrotechnist Zacharias] (1974), O convidado [The guest] 1974( ), A casa do girassol vermelho [The house of the red sunflower] 1978( ), and O homem do boné cinzento e outras histórias [The man in the gray hat and other stories] (1990). Darlene J. Sadlier is a professor emerita at Indiana University, where she teaches courses in Lusophone literature and culture. Her translations include the work of twenty Bra- zilian women writers in the anthology One Hundred Years after Tomorrow: Brazilian Women’s Fiction in the Twentieth Century (1992). Her scholarly books include Brazil Imagined, 1500 to the Present (2008) and The Portuguese-Speaking Diaspora: Seven Centuries of Literature and the Arts (2016). José J. Veiga (1915–1999) was born in Corumbá de Goiás. After obtaining a law degree in Rio de Janeiro, he worked as a journalist for the BBC in London and the newspaper O Globo. His first novel, Os cavalinhos de Platiplano [The little horses of Platiplano] (1959) won the Fábio Prado Award. In 1997, he received the Machado de Assis Award from the Brazilian Academy of Letters. Padma Viswanathan is a Canadian novelist and writer of short fiction, plays, and essays. Her translation of Graciliano Ramos’s 1934 novel, S. Bernardo, from which the excerpt here is taken, is forthcoming from New York Review Books, as part of the Classics series. Diane Grosklaus Whitty translates from many fields, including the arts, public health, history, and the sciences. Her scholarly translations include Zika: From the Brazilian Backlands to Global Threat by Debora Diniz (2017) and Activist Biology by Regina Horta Duarte (2016). Her literary translations include prose and poetry by Adriana Lisboa, Marina Colasanti, Mário Quintana, and others. She is working on a collection of the writings of Eliane Brum. Heath Wing has published translations from Spanish and Portuguese in Shadowgraph, Fishouse Poems, Hinchas de Poesía, and Waxwing. His most recent translations of short stories by Marcílio França Castro appear in Asymptote and Brooklyn Rail’s InTranslation. He teaches at North Dakota State University.

202 Mānoa n Becoming Brazil