Young Galeano Writing About New China During the Sino-Soviet Split
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Notes and References
Notes and References 1 China and Britain: A Theme of National Liberation 1. G.C. Allen and Audrey G. Donnithorne, Western Enterprise in Far Eastern Economic Development: China and Japan, 1954, pp. 265-68; Cheng Yu-kwei, Foreign Trade and Industrial Development of China, 1956, p. 8. 2. Wu Chengming, Di Guo Zhu Yi Zai Jiu Zhong Guo De Tou Zi (The Investments of Imperialists in Old China), 1958, p. 41. 3. Jerome Ch'en, China and the West, p. 207. See also W. Willoughby, Foreign Rights and Interests in China, vol. 2, 1927, pp. 544-77, 595-8, 602-13. 4. Treaty of Tientsin, Art. XXXVII, in William F. Mayers, Treaties Between the Empire of China and Foreign Powers, 1906, p. 17. 5. Shang Hai Gang Shi Hua (Historical Accounts of the Shanghai Port), 1979, pp. 36-7. 6. See Zhao Shu-min, Zhong Guo Hai Guan Shi (History of China's Maritime Customs), 1982, pp. 22-46. With reference to the Chinese authorities' agreement to foreign inspectorate, see W. Willoughby, op.cit., vol. 2, pp. 769-70. 7. See S.F. Wright, China's Struggle for Tariff Autonomy, 1938; Zhao Shu-min, op. cit. pp. 27-38. 8. See Liu Kuang-chiang, Anglo-American Steamship Rivalry in China, 1862-1874, 1962; Charles Drage, Taikoo, 1970; Colin N. Crisswell, The Taipans, Hong Kong Merchant Princes, 1981. See also Historical Ac counts of the Shanghai Port, pp. 193-240; Archives of the China Mer chant's Steam Navigation Company, Maritime Transport Administration Bureau of the Ministry of Transport, Shanghai. 9. -
Learning the Languages of Nostalgia in Modern and Contemporary Literature
Learning the Languages of Nostalgia in Modern and Contemporary Literature Tasha Marie Buttler A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Washington 2012 Reading Committee: Carolyn Allen, Chair Katherine Cummings Mark Patterson Program Authorized to Offer Degree: English University of Washington Abstract Learning the Languages of Nostalgia in Modern and Contemporary Literature Tasha M. Buttler Chair of Supervisory Committee: Professor Carolyn Allen Department of English This dissertation builds upon recent discourses on nostalgia that focus on the generative potential of a sustained melancholic stance and position the past as resource for the future. My particular interest is in the potential for de-subjectification out of regulatory regimes, as outlined in the work of Judith Butler, particularly in The Psychic Life of Power. This text has allowed me to develop a robust theory about accumulated experiences of love and loss that are central to the formation of “character” that repeats or disrupts patterns of social relation. I differentiate between politicized nostalgia and experiential nostalgia, suggesting that the latter can make use of inevitable experiences of loss by initiating and sustaining a melancholic agency. I use various literary texts and memoirs to identify how the thwarting of melancholia can lead to nostalgia’s obverse: the desire to return suffering, or what Czech author Milan Kundera calls litost. These instances of thwarted grieving are positioned against a set of characters in the work of Virginia Woolf, Eva Hoffman, and Clarice Lispector who allow themselves to honor their experiential nostalgia rather than reverting to politicized nostalgia that repeats representations and clichés associated with empire. -
GUIMARÃES ROSA E GRACILIANO RAMOS Hermenegildo
UM ANTAGONISMO FECUNDO: GUIMARÃES ROSA E GRACILIANO RAMOS A FECUND ANTAGONISM: GUIMARÃES ROSA E GRACILIANO RAMOS Hermenegildo Bastos* RESUMO: Projeto de análise das diferenças antagônicas entre Gui- marães Rosa e Graciliano Ramos como sinal de fecundidade da moderna ficção brasileira. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Moderna ficção brasileira, Guimarães Rosa, Graciliano Ramos. ABSTRACT: Project of analysis of the antagonistic difference be- tween Guimarães Rosa and Graciliano Ramos as sign of fecundity of the modern brasilian fiction. KEY WORDS: Modern Brasilian fiction, Guimarães Rosa, Gra- ciliano Ramos. * Professor Doutor da Universidade de Brasília. Email: [email protected]. UM ANTAGONISMO FECUNDO: GUIMARÃES ROSA E GRACILIANO RAMOS Procuro analisar obras de dois ficcionistas brasileiros modernos (Guima- rães Rosa e Graciliano Ramos), e explorar um possível e fecundo contra- ponto entre os dois. Ao mesmo tempo, a partir dos estudos sobre os escrito- res, pretendo discutir os modelos historiográficos com que tem trabalhado a crítica nas análises da passagem do regionalismo crítico ao super-regio- nalismo. Trata-se, portanto, de uma investigação sobre literatura brasileira e, ao mesmo tempo, sobre modelos de crítica e história da literatura, espe- cificamente sobre a evolução do regionalismo. Assim, este texto que agora apresento é parte de uma pesquisa maior em andamento. As duas dimensões da pesquisa são indissociáveis: por um lado os mo- delos historiográficos parecem ter se congelado e, com isso, parecem ter perdido a capacidade de iluminar as leituras dos escritores; por outro lado, as leituras e as análises, que já se formulam, ainda que não se dêem conta disto, a partir do modelo dominante, correm o risco de repetir visões este- reotipadas. -
Graciliano Ramos: O Escritor E O Homem
Revista Graduando nº1 jul./dez. 2010 GRACILIANO RAMOS: O ESCRITOR E O HOMEM Eliseu Ferreira da Silva G r a d u a n d o do curso de Letras Vernáculas (UEFS ) [email protected]; [email protected] Resumo : A literatura regionalista ou modernismo de 30 teve seu auge com o advento do romance nordestino, caracterizando -se por adotar uma visão crítica das relações sociais, voltada para os problemas do trabalhador rural, a seca e a miséria, ressal- tando o homem hostilizado pelo ambiente, pela terra, pela cida- de, o homem consumido pelos problemas impostos pelo meio. Um dos autores revelados nessa época, exímio observador psicológico do homem, bem como da sociedade, foi Graciliano Ramos que, mesmo sendo tratado por muitos críticos como um escritor amargo, rude, demonstra o contrário, compaixão, amor, amizade ao narrar os causos de Alexandre com muito bom - humor. Palavras - Chave: Graciliano Ramos- Alexandre e outros heróis - Causos- Solidão-Fan tasia Abstr act : Regionalist Literature or 1930´s Modernism reached its apogee with the introduction of the Northeastern Novel, adopt- ing a critical view of social relationships, addressing to the problems of peasants, draught, misery and their struggle against adversities of the environment, of living in the country and of living in the city. One of the authors emerging from that literary movement, an acute observer of man´s psyche as well as of society, Graciliano Ramos, although taken by some critics as a bitter rude Writer, when narrating the stories of Alexandre in such a light mood, demonstrates the opposite: compassion, love, friendship. Keywords: Graciliano Ramos- Alexandre and others heroes - stories- Solitude-Fantasy J 139 ISSN 2236-3335 Revista Graduando nº1 jul./dez. -
Novos Ramos De Graciliano – Três Inéditos Do Autor De Vidas Secas
Novos Ramos de Graciliano – três inéditos do autor de Vidas secas [ New Branches of Graciliano – Three unpublished texts by the author of “Vidas secas” Thiago Mio Salla1 SALLA, Thiago Mio. Novos Ramos de Graciliano – três inéditos do autor de Vidas secas. Revista do Instituto de Estudos Brasileiros, Brasil, n. 66, p. 251-270, abr. 2017. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-901X.v0i66p251-270 1 Universidade de São Paulo (USP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil). Na obra memorialística Graciliano: retrato fragmentado, Ricardo Ramos se revelava um tanto quanto surpreso ao diagnosticar que, por mais que a obra de seu pai tivesse sido alvo até então de pesquisas febris, as quais, ao longo dos anos, desenterraram “crônicas, poesias, toda a obra juvenil e imatura de Graciliano, alcançando pseudônimos [...] secretos”2, ninguém houvesse conferido atenção aos textos do autor de Vidas secas estampados em periódicos comunistas ou que estavam na órbita de influência do PCB. Quase a totalidade dessa produção, até há pouco tempo inédita em livro, ganhou espaço na obra Garranchos (2012). Todavia, na recolha do material que compôs tal volume, alguns textos ficaram pelo caminho e, agora, puderam ser, enfim, recuperados, tendo em vista a ampliação das pesquisas feitas inicialmente. Trata-se das crônicas “O melhor dos mundos” e “Coisas da China”, além do telegrama “O atentado contra o escritor Wladimir Guimarães”, publicados em diferentes veículos de orientação esquerdista entre 1945 e 1951, isto é, na porção final da vida do romancista alagoano3. O melhor dos mundos Considerando-se tais aspectos, inicia-se esta pequena seleta de textos inéditos em livro de Graciliano com o escrito “O melhor dos mundos”, produção que, em 15 de agosto de 1945, ganhou as páginas do jornal A Manha, dirigido pelo Barão de Itararé (Aparício Torelly). -
Sino-Indian Relations, 1954-1962
Title Sino-Indian Relations, 1954-1962 Author(s) Lüthi, Lorenz Citation Eurasia Border Review, 3(Special Issue), 93-119 Issue Date 2012 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/50965 Type bulletin (article) File Information EBR3-S_009.pdf Instructions for use Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers : HUSCAP Sino-Indian Relations, 1954-1962 Lorenz Lüthi (McGill U., Montreal) Introduction Half a century ago, Sino-Indian relations moved from friendship to war within only five years. In June 1954, the two countries agreed on panch sheel, the five principles of coexistence. Sixty-two months later, they shot at each other across their unsettled border in the Himalayas. The attempt to sort out their differences during talks between their two prime ministers, Jawaharlal Nehru and Zhou Enlai, failed in April 1960. The downfall of Sino-Indian friendship was related to events in Tibet. The land between China proper and India was the source of most misunderstandings, and its unsettled borders the root for the wars in 1959 and 1962. But how did this development come about? Countless observers at the time and historians in retrospect have tried to trace the story. Partisans from both sides have attempted to show their own country in the best light. Responsibility and guilt have been shunted across the Himalayas in both directions. Even if the archival record is incomplete, original documentation from both sides and from other countries helps to shed some new light on the story. The problems that plagued the Sino-Indian relationship accumulated over the period from 1954 to early 1959. -
Monteiro Lobato, Graciliano Ramos, João Guimarães Rosa
MONTEIRO LOBATO, GRACILIANO RAMOS, JOÃO GUIMARÃES ROSA E RADUAN NASSAR: UM OLHAR ATRAVÉS DO SÉCULO XX Maidi Migliorança 1 1 Maidi Migliorança , professora, graduação pela Faculdade de Filosofia Ciência e Letras de Umuarama – Paraná, concluída em 1982; Especialização em Literatura Brasileira pela UNIOESTE, no período de 02/1993 a 12/1994 – Campus de Marechal Cândido. Rondon – Paraná. Dois padrões de Língua Portuguesa fixados no Col. Est. Mal. Gaspar Dutra _EFM, em Nova Santa Rosa, Paraná. RESUMO O presente artigo é o resultante do estudo sobre os contos “Bucólica” e “Urupês”, (dois dos quinze contos que compõem a obra Urupês, de Monteiro Lobato); pelo romance Vidas secas, de Graciliano Ramos; pelo conto “Sarapalha”, que integra o livro Sagarana, pelo conto “Desenredo”, conto de Tutaméia (Terceiras estórias), ambos de Guimarães Rosa, e pelo romance Lavoura arcaica, de Raduan Nassar. Optou-se por essas obras por serem as mesmas relevantes para a Literatura Brasileira do século XX. O texto se ateve, ainda, à recepção das mesmas pelos estudantes e à preocupação dos professores de literatura em como suscitar nos alunos o desejo de ler e, a partir da leitura, contribuir para uma provável fruição das obras literárias. A prática da leitura no ambiente escolar pode – contrariamente ao que se objetiva – se constituir em fator de aversão à literatura, visto que o estudante tende a percebê-la como algo imposto, monitorado e subordinado a regras, a hierarquia, a avaliações. A construção do ser humano erige-se com pouco prazer e muita dor, por isso, travessia que o leitor empreenderá pelas pode ser dolorosa frente à complexidade das mesmas; podem constituir-se, a princípio, em dor, mas se adequadamente conduzidas, em posterior fruição. -
Finding the Exit: Ideology and Aperture in Graciliano Ramos
Finding the Exit: Ideology and Aperture in Graciliano Ramos Holly Jackson University of California at Berkeley Abstract: What ideological structures produce the linguistically austere worlds of Graciliano Ramos’s novels? What are the effects of reading outside of these seemingly all-consuming structures? These questions motivate this article’s discussion of two novels: São Bernardo and Vidas secas. In recuperating the complexity of expression in Graciliano’s writing, the article explores distinct modes of language as resistance to stereotypes about Brazilian Northeasterners—stereotypes that are often reproduced in literary criticism. The article considers this resistance both within language, in misuse (circularity, lying, [mis]appropriation, the breakdown of narrative time), and to language, in the textual presence of silence. Keywords: São Bernardo, Vidas secas, Brazilian Regionalism, silence, narrative time The theme of futility is a current in much of the critical work on Graciliano Ramos’s writing. Graciliano’s works are “uma sátira violenta e um panfleto furioso contra a humanidade” (Lins 132); “uma série de experiências de humi- lhação, de degradação, físicas, morais ou psicológicas” (Casais Monteiro 166); “[um] sistema literário pessimista” where all humans “obedecem a uma fata- lidade cega e má … que os leva a caminhos pré-traçados” (Candido, “Ficção” 53). Although characters may attempt to transform their surroundings, “sabem que todo é inútil” (Sarmento Lima 15). Obedience to broad power structures that predetermine subjectivities subsumes individual realities: the inhabit- 13 (2015): 121-144 | © 2015 by the American Portuguese Studies Association Studies Portuguese the American 13 (2015): 121-144 | © 2015 by ants of these worlds “rodam num âmbito exíguo, sem saída nem variedade” (Candido, “Os bichos” 87). -
Taiwan's Struggle
The International History Review ISSN: (Print) (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/rinh20 Resisting Bandung? Taiwan’s Struggle for ‘Representational Legitimacy’ in the Rise of the Asian Peoples’ Anti-Communist League, 1954-57 Hao Chen To cite this article: Hao Chen (2021) Resisting Bandung? Taiwan’s Struggle for ‘Representational Legitimacy’ in the Rise of the Asian Peoples’ Anti-Communist League, 1954-57, The International History Review, 43:2, 244-263, DOI: 10.1080/07075332.2020.1762239 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/07075332.2020.1762239 Published online: 06 May 2020. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 282 View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=rinh20 THE INTERNATIONAL HISTORY REVIEW 2021, VOL. 43, NO. 2, 244–263 https://doi.org/10.1080/07075332.2020.1762239 Resisting Bandung? Taiwan’s Struggle for ‘Representational Legitimacy’ in the Rise of the Asian Peoples’ Anti-Communist League, 1954-57 Hao Chen Faculty of History, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland ABSTRACT KEYWORDS In April 1955, representatives of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Anti-Communism; attended the Bandung Conference in Indonesia. The conference epito- Neutralism; mized the peak of Asian-African Internationalism, which sought to pur- Decolonization; Legitimacy sue independent and neutralist foreign policies that forged a path in- between the United States and the Soviet Union. This Conference helped the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) gain new ground in the ongoing struggle for ‘representational legitimacy’ against its rival the Kuomintang (KMT, Chinese Nationalist Party) in the Third World. -
Book Club | Graciliano Ramos | Vidas Secas | 21 Apr, 6.30-9Pm
BOOK CLUB | GRACILIANO RAMOS | VIDAS SECAS | 21 APR, 6.30-9PM · GRACILIANO RAMOS (1892-1953) Vidas Sêcas (1938) translated into English as Barren lives (1965) Cover first José Olympio edition Cover illustrated by Tomás Santa Rosa Junior (1909-1956) Some say that this is a naturalist novel and others claim it is modernist, a socio-psychological interior monologue …. 1 A terse, incisive, poignant account of a vaqueiro with his family and their dog retreating from the scorching heat, migrating southwards in search for a better life in some large city. Set in the 1930’s northeast of Brazil, in the sertão, during one of the dreaded drought cycles evoking some of the landscape in Os Sertões* as the reader’s gaze is guided to the two huge evergreen juazeiros** in opening lines! [* by Euclides da Cunha ** mistranslated as ‘jujube’] From the mid-1930’s, reference to Graciliano Ramos had already been included in the US academic journals Books Abroad and Handbook of Latin American Studies and, subsequently, in The Inter-American Quarterly. A linguistic masterpiece echoing authentic local colour. Curiously, this novel was published before The Grapes of Wrath. One of the winners of the 1962 Ibero-American Award of the William Faulkner Foundation DETAILS OF AVAILABLE PUBLICATIONS: ENGLISH (1965) Barren lives (Vidas Sêcas) translated by Ralph Edward Dimmick, University of Texas Press in the Texas Pan American Series, illustrated by C. Umlauf. ISBN-10: 0292731728 ISBN-13: 978-0292731721 (kindle) ASIN: B00992AHFI & other editions: 1971, 1999. PORTUGUESE The novel continues in print - the latest 128th edition, 2015 by Editora Record ISBN978850106734-0 FREE DOWNLOADS: 2 45th edition : http://www.lettere.uniroma1.it/sites/default/files/528/GRACILIANO- RAMOS-Vidas-secas-livro-completo.pdf SHORT HISTORY OF THE BOOK AND TRANSLATIONS Vidas Secas (current spelling without diacritic) started as series of short stories or episodes published in various newspapers and magazines over a period of approximately two years. -
Vidas Secas, Style and Social Critique
Estud.soc.agric. vol.2 no.se Rio de Janeiro 2006 Vidas Secas, style and social critique Ana Amélia M. C. Melo∗ ABSTRACT This article discusses the way Alagoan writer Graciliano Ramos incorporates social critique in his last novel Vidas Secas. The writer’s intellectual trajectory reveals the essence of his concern with social inequality, the latifundio, and the theme of mandonism in the rural areas. In Vidas Secas (Dry Lives) Graciliano not only reaches the maturity of his sober literary style but also radicalizes his precise writing in accordance with the central themes of his narrative about those who live in the harsh conditions of the Brazilian Northeast. This text aims to highlight a narrative strategy created in the symbiosis between writing and reality. Key words: Graciliano Ramos, social critique, Brazilian modernity. Introduction The literature of Graciliano Ramos affirmed, in Brazil, the critical and austere image of the creator of the emblematic figures of Fabiano and Paulo Honório. Fifty years after the death of this writer and nearly 70 since his last novel, each year there are new theses and articles about these personalities and about the writer who gave them life. This continued interest is due to many factors, such as the original narrative experience of each of his books, the density of his personalities, the content of his plots, the complex psychology of the creatures placed in scene and other dimensions of the Graciliana oeuvre. This paper uses his last novel, Vidas Secas (Dry Lives), to analyze how Graciliano Ramos interpreted Brazil and the country’s modernization process. -
Pastiche in Contemporary Latin American Literature
Studies in 20th Century Literature Volume 14 Issue 1 Special Issue on Fin de Siècle in Latin Article 9 America 1-1-1990 Pastiche in Contemporary Latin American Literature Jean Franco Columbia University Follow this and additional works at: https://newprairiepress.org/sttcl Part of the Latin American Literature Commons, and the Modern Literature Commons This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 License. Recommended Citation Franco, Jean (1990) "Pastiche in Contemporary Latin American Literature," Studies in 20th Century Literature: Vol. 14: Iss. 1, Article 9. https://doi.org/10.4148/2334-4415.1245 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by New Prairie Press. It has been accepted for inclusion in Studies in 20th Century Literature by an authorized administrator of New Prairie Press. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Pastiche in Contemporary Latin American Literature Abstract Pastiche, defined as non-satiric imitation, is a characteristic feature of contemporary Latin American narrative. Although unlike parody it does not stand in antagonist relationship with a prior text, nevertheless pastiche marks a distance and a displacement of other texts. The article illustrates this with reference to Mario Vargas Llosa's pastiche of Machiguenga indigenous legends in his novel El hablador and Silviano Santiago's pastiche of Graciliano Ramos's prison memories in his novel, Em Liberdade. Keywords Contemporary Latin American literature, Pastiche, non-satiric imitation, narrative, distance, displacement, Mario Vargas Llosa, Machinguenga indigenous legends, El hablador, Silviano Santiago, Graciliano Ramos, prison memories, Em Liberdade This article is available in Studies in 20th Century Literature: https://newprairiepress.org/sttcl/vol14/iss1/9 Franco: Pastiche in Contemporary Latin American Literature Pastiche in Contemporary Latin American Literature Jean Franco Columbia University Many novels published in Latin America over the last few years can be described as pastiche novels.